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rel="bookmark">Permaculture Business Internship – Winter 2014</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/permaculture-business-internship-winter-2014/" title="5:19 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2014-01-23T17:19:45+00:00">January, 2014</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/author/ethanappleseed/" title="View all posts by ethanappleseed" rel="author">ethanappleseed</a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p>Unlike many landscape design firms, <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/cheap-viagra-pills.net');" href="http://cheap-viagra-pills.net" style="text-decoration:none;color:#676c6c">web</a> AppleSeed Permaculture LLC continues full-time permaculture design, <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/viagra-discount.net');" href="http://viagra-discount.net" style="text-decoration:none;color:#676c6c">pharm</a> research, and development work straight through the winter. This year, we are offering an exclusive internship opportunity focused on permaculture business management and research.</p> <p><strong>OVERVIEW</strong></p> <p>AppleSeed Permaculture LLC is a cutting-edge permaculture & sustainable farm design firm dedicated to regenerating ecosystems and multi-capital economies around the planet.</p> <p>This internship uses hands-on action learning and direct mentoring from firm principals Ethan Roland and Dyami Nason-Regan to train you in the nitty-gritty realities of a permaculture business. This is not the â€œsexyâ€ part of permaculture â€“ You will not participate in hands-on planting projects, tour permaculture sites, or travel the world. You will learn basic entrepreneurial skills like project management, client communications, web development, bookkeeping, and accounting.</p> <p>The internship runs for 1-2 days per week, depending on experience. 1 day per week takes place in AppleSeedâ€™s Accord, NY office. Internship runs until April, 2014.</p> <p><em>Â Position begins when filled â€“ <b>apply immediately if interested. Â Â </b></em></p> <p><strong>INTERNSHIP INCLUDES:</strong></p> <ul> <li><b style="color: #000000; font-style: normal;">Project Management: </b>Designing and developing systems for task tracking, accountability, and completion; managing business development projects.</li> <li><b style="color: #000000; font-style: normal;">Permaculture Research: </b>Plant species and varieties, sustainable farm business planning, multi-local market research, eco-social investing research.</li> <li><b style="color: #000000; font-style: normal;">Finances:</b> Quickbooks accounting; supporting tax preparation and filing for multiple enterprises.</li> <li><b style="color: #000000; font-style: normal;">Technology & Social Media:</b> AppleSeed website maintenance and updates, including blogs and social media integration. Building and managing Facebook pages and email lists for AppleSeed and allied enterprise educational events. (e.g. Terra Genesis International Permaculture Design Courses.) Troubleshooting routine technology problems and coordinating tech support as needed.</li> <li><b style="color: #000000; font-style: normal;">Other business management opportunities, t</b>o be determined depending on competency and experience of Intern.</li> </ul> <p><strong>DESIRED QUALIFICATIONS</strong></p> <ul> <li>Clear, direct, peaceful communication.</li> <li>Internal resilience and self-sufficiency.Â Ability to cheerfully improvise and adapt in changing circumstances.</li> <li>Systems thinker, highly organized, able to clarify and simplify complexity.</li> <li>Ability to attend to diverse details while staying connected to the big picture.</li> <li>Excellent writing and speaking skills.</li> <li>Warm, welcoming, connected phone presence and email â€œvoiceâ€.</li> <li>Experience with Word, Excel, WordPress, Gmail, Google Docs, & Dropbox.</li> <li>Familiarity with Quickbooks accounting.</li> <li>Solid familiarity with Apple/Mac software and hardware.</li> <li>Ability to design, streamline, and maintain efficient systems of operation and record-keeping.</li> <li>Strong desire to contribute to regenerative eco-social enterprise development.</li> <li>Familiarity with any of the following tools and languages is a plus: <ul> <li>Permaculture Design</li> <li>Spiral Dynamics</li> <li>Re-evaluation Counseling</li> <li>8 Shields / Art of Mentoring</li> <li>4-Hour Workweek</li> </ul> </li> <li>Passionate about personal growth and organizational development.</li> <li>Willingness to go to new edges, learn new skills, and try new approaches.</li> <li>Sense of humor, curiosity, and creativity.</li> <li>Local to Accord, NY (mid-Hudson/Catskills region) is a plus.</li> </ul> <p>Please reply to jobs@appleseedpermaculture.com with a resume, three references, and a concise letter describing:</p> <ol> <li>Your business management experience and qualifications related to the Internship,</li> <li>Your reasons for applying for this Internship.</li> </ol> <p>Cheers,</p> <p>Ethan Roland & Dyami Nason-Regan</p> <p>Principals, AppleSeed Permaculture LLC</p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="cat-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/category/financial-permaculture-2/" rel="category tag">Financial Permaculture</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/category/permaculture-design/" rel="category tag">Permaculture & Design</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="tag-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/business/" rel="tag">business</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/business-internship/" rel="tag">business internship</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/design-internship/" rel="tag">design internship</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/eco-social-design/" rel="tag">eco-social design</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/enterprise/" rel="tag">enterprise</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/intern/" rel="tag">intern</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/internship/" rel="tag">internship</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/management/" rel="tag">management</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/permaculture/" rel="tag">Permaculture</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/permaculture-design-2/" rel="tag">permaculture design</a> </span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-944" class="post-944 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-edible-landscaping category-financial-permaculture-2 category-permaculture-design category-regenerative-agriculture tag-ecosocent tag-socent tag-agriculture tag-business tag-carbon tag-carbonfarming tag-design tag-ecological tag-economics tag-ecosystem tag-ecosystem-investing tag-enterprise tag-ethanappleseed tag-farm tag-farmer tag-farming tag-finance tag-financial tag-financial-permaculture tag-food tag-forestgarden tag-garden tag-gardening tag-green tag-green-collar tag-green-jobs tag-holistic-management tag-hudson-valley tag-investing tag-jobs tag-ny tag-organic tag-perennial tag-permaculture tag-position tag-regenerative tag-sustainable tag-vegetable"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/appleseed-land-managers/" rel="bookmark">AppleSeed Land Managers: Beyond Property Management</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/appleseed-land-managers/" title="7:21 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2012-03-27T19:21:20+00:00">March, 2012</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/author/ethanappleseed/" title="View all posts by ethanappleseed" rel="author">ethanappleseed</a></span></span> </div> <div class="comments-link"> <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/appleseed-land-managers/#comments">3</a> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <div> <p>Dear Farmers, <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/cialisbuy.net');" href="http://cialisbuy.net" title="drugstore" style="text-decoration:none;color:#676c6c">price</a> <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/cialisdiscount.net');" href="http://cialisdiscount.net" style="text-decoration:none;color:#676c6c">shop</a> Permaculturists, <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/viagranoprescription.net');" href="http://viagranoprescription.net" style="text-decoration:none;color:#676c6c">sales</a> and Social Entrepreneurs, <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/viagranoprescription.net');" href="http://viagranoprescription.net" title="cialis" style="text-decoration:none;color:#676c6c">price</a></p> </div> <div><strong><img title="IMG_0295" src="http://appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/IMG_0295.jpg" alt="" width="650px" /></strong></div> <div> <p>Are you interested in finding a piece of land to steward, manage, farm on and grow with for the next 1-10 years?Â Would you like to start an agricultural enterprise or educational farm without the challenges of purchasing land? Appleseed Permaculture is glad to announce our new project,Â <strong>AppleSeed Land Managers</strong>.</p> </div> <div></div> <div>We match <strong>land owners</strong> (individuals, families, land trusts, retreat centers, schools, companies etc.) who want to</div> <div> <ul> <li>Grow food</li> <li>Build community</li> <li>Regenerate their local ecosystems</li> </ul> </div> <div>With <strong>land managers</strong> (individuals, couples, and families) who want to</div> <div> <ul> <li>Grow food, community, & local ecosystems</li> <li>Build their skills and experience with land management Â & eco-agriculturalÂ enterprises</li> <li>Develop long-term relationships with the land and local professional network</li> </ul> </div> <div> <p>Essentially, we build symbiotic relationships that put people on the land and generate multiple forms of capital for everyone involved. Â Land managers will receive compensation for their services, and land owners will achieve returns on their investments in financial, material, living, social, or cultural forms of capital. We are building this match-making service to meet the parallel unmet needs weâ€™ve encountered among our design clients, our students, and our colleagues in the permaculture and organic farming communities. We invite you to be among the first people who try a new approach to meeting property management and development needs by engaging in the <strong>AppleSeed Land Managers</strong> process.</p> </div> <div> <p>The types of people weâ€™d like to engage as land managers are bright eyed, bushy-tailed, self-starter, situationally aware, go-get-â€˜em, positive, grateful, dependable, perseverant, clear-communicating, whole-systems thinking, and committed to personal growth and development. They have specific experience in permaculture, organic farming, or social entreprenurship. As of Spring 2012, we are looking to find one couple or family and two individuals (one farmer and one farm educator) to fill specific positions in the northeast USA.</p> </div> <div></div> <div> <div>Hereâ€™s what will happen if you meet the criteria above and would like to get involved:</div> <div> <ul> <li>You submit a resume and online application</li> <li>We conduct a preliminary phone interview with you</li> <li>We conduct an in-person interview with you</li> <li>We invite you to join Appleseed Permaculture for trial work day(s)</li> <li>We give you specific feedback and ask you to re-apply in the future</li> <ul> <ul> <ul> <ul> <li>OR</li> </ul> </ul> </ul> </ul> <li>We invite you to join our Land Managers Network!</li> </ul> </div> <div></div> <div><img title="IMG_5302shrunk" src="http://appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/IMG_5302shrunk-e1332873986675-768x1024.jpg" alt="" width="584" height="778" /></div> <div></div> <div> <p>Once youâ€™re fully enrolled in our network, we will work with you to discover and outline your specific wants and preferences regarding land and a relationship with a land owner. From then on, we will pursue contacts with land owners on your behalf until we find a prospective match for you! Â Finally, we will support you in the process of forming new relationships with the land and the land owners. This includes:</p> </div> <div> <ul> <li>Understanding and developing a well-articulated vision and plan for the land</li> <li>Business planning for eco-agricultural enterprises</li> <li>Creating clear written legal agreements between land owners and land managers</li> <li>Receiving continued mentoring from AppleSeed Permaculture staff</li> </ul> </div> <p>As the first wave of applicants to our Land Managers Network, youâ€™ll have the opportunity to help us streamline and grow our new process.</p> <p>We look forward to meeting you and networking on your behalf,<br /> <em>The Appleseed Team</em></p> <p><strong>Download the application questionnaire here:Â <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/downloads/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/ASP_Application_V12.doc');" href="http://appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/ASP_Application_V12.doc">Land Managers Application</a></strong></p> </div> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="cat-links"> <span 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href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/green-jobs/" rel="tag">green jobs</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/holistic-management/" rel="tag">holistic management</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/hudson-valley/" rel="tag">hudson valley</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/investing/" rel="tag">investing</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/jobs/" rel="tag">jobs</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/ny/" rel="tag">ny</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/organic/" rel="tag">organic</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/perennial/" rel="tag">perennial</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/permaculture/" rel="tag">Permaculture</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/position/" rel="tag">position</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/regenerative/" rel="tag">regenerative</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/sustainable/" rel="tag">sustainable</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/vegetable/" rel="tag">vegetable</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="comments-link"><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/appleseed-land-managers/#comments"><b>3</b> Replies</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-874" class="post-874 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-financial-permaculture-2 category-permaculture-design tag-ecosocent tag-socent tag-business tag-ecosystem tag-enterprise tag-financial-permaculture tag-fpc tag-permaculture tag-pitch tag-sbny11 tag-social tag-starting-bloc"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/social-entrepreneurship-is-missing-something/" rel="bookmark">Social Entrepreneurship is Missing Something</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/social-entrepreneurship-is-missing-something/" title="9:45 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2011-05-29T21:45:03+00:00">May, 2011</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/author/ethanappleseed/" title="View all posts by ethanappleseed" rel="author">ethanappleseed</a></span></span> </div> <div class="comments-link"> <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/social-entrepreneurship-is-missing-something/#comments">1</a> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p><iframe src="http://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/embed_code/8144232" width="600" height="501" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"></iframe></p> <p>I pitched this at the 2011 NY StartingBloc Fellowship as a finalist in the Ideas Marketplace.</p> <p>Is your business an eco-social enterprise? Do you want to become an eco-social entrepreneur? Pitch us in the comments.</p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="cat-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/category/financial-permaculture-2/" rel="category tag">Financial Permaculture</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/category/permaculture-design/" rel="category tag">Permaculture & Design</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="tag-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/ecosocent/" rel="tag">#ecosocent</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/socent/" rel="tag">#socent</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/business/" rel="tag">business</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/ecosystem/" rel="tag">ecosystem</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/enterprise/" rel="tag">enterprise</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/financial-permaculture/" rel="tag">financial permaculture</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/fpc/" rel="tag">fpc</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/permaculture/" rel="tag">Permaculture</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/pitch/" rel="tag">pitch</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/sbny11/" rel="tag">sbny11</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/social/" rel="tag">social</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/starting-bloc/" rel="tag">starting bloc</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="comments-link"><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/social-entrepreneurship-is-missing-something/#comments"><b>1</b> Reply</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-850" class="post-850 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-financial-permaculture-2 category-permaculture-design tag-8cap tag-8-forms tag-8forms tag-capital tag-eco-social tag-ecosystem tag-enterprise tag-entrepreneurship tag-finance tag-financial-permaculture tag-fpc tag-impact tag-investing tag-money tag-permaculture tag-regenerative tag-regenerative-business tag-regenerative-enterprise tag-social tag-venture tag-wealth"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/8-forms-of-capital/" rel="bookmark">8 Forms of Capital</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/8-forms-of-capital/" title="3:08 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2011-04-15T15:08:27+00:00">April, 2011</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/author/ethanappleseed/" title="View all posts by ethanappleseed" rel="author">ethanappleseed</a></span></span> </div> <div class="comments-link"> <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/8-forms-of-capital/#comments">46</a> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p><em>Author’s Note: This is the original 8 Forms of Capital article from 2011. Our more recent book <strong>Regenerative Enterprise</strong> builds on the 8 Forms of Capital â€“ you can download it at <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.regenterprise.com');" href="http://www.regenterprise.com">www.regenterprise.com</a>, <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.lulu.com/spotlight/8forms');" href="http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/8forms">purchase a hardcopy</a>, or <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/amzn.to/2JQk185');" href="https://amzn.to/2JQk185">get an ebook on Amazon</a>.</em></p> <p><em>For Ethan Roland Soloviev’s most up-to-date writing on regenerative agriculture, business, and life visit <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.ethansoloviev.com');" href="http://www.ethansoloviev.com">www.ethansoloviev.com</a></em></p> <p> </p> <h2>8 Forms of Capital</h2> <h3><em>A whole system of economic understanding</em></h3> <p><em>Â©Copyright 2011 Ethan Roland & Gregory Landua</em></p> <h3><a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/downloads/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/8_Forms_of_Capital_PM68.pdf');" href="http://appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/8_Forms_of_Capital_PM68.pdf">Click here to download the article from Permaculture Magazine #68</a></h3> <h3>Context: Financial Permaculture, 2009</h3> <p>In 2008 and 2009, I was part of the organizing & facilitation team for the Financial Permaculture Course in Hohenwald, Tennessee. Convened by the Center for Holistic Ecology, Gaia University, and Solari, Inc, the course brought together permaculture designers, financial planners, entrepreneurs, community activists, complementary currency advocates, farmers and government officials from around the country.</p> <p>Financial Permaculture goes beyond the traditional permaculture approach to economics and asks the question, â€œWhat would it look like if we re-designed the global financial system using permaculture principles?â€ and â€œWhat if our financial system looked more like an ecosystem?â€</p> <p>In 2009, Catherine Austin Fitts presentedÂ â€œMapping Financial Ecosystemsâ€. We mapped all the â€˜capital poolsâ€™ in the local community. We explored the flows of money between entities, and discussed how vibrant local economies are more defined by the flows of money rather than by the pools. Something wasnâ€™t sitting right with me. We kept talking about money as if it was the only form of capital, even though there was a growing awareness that acres of land, board feet of timber, and tons of carbon might also be part of an ecosystemic economy.</p> <p>At one of the open space sessions I began to realize a more complete map of â€œcapital.â€</p> <h3>Eight Forms of Capital</h3> <p>The Oxford American Dictionary states that capital is, â€œwealth in the form of money or other assetsâ€ and a â€œvaluable resource of a particular kind.â€ What are these â€˜other assetsâ€™? Iâ€™ve never seen a whole map of all the different types of â€˜valuable resourcesâ€™. In the Permaculture Designersâ€™ Manual, Bill Mollison offers and expands on a categorization of assets based on their potential: Degenerative, Generative, Procreative, Informational, Conservative (1). These always seem like a good way to think about things, but I donâ€™t use them in any tangible way.</p> <p>I wanted something that would be more helpful for understanding the complex transactions and exchanges swirling around me as a human being and us as a global community. As I considered the â€˜mapping financial ecosystemsâ€™ exercise, a bigger picture began to emerge as I thought about the capital pools and flows of the Mayor of a hypothetical small town.</p> <p>The Mayor might have some money (financial capital). A good Mayor would probably also have many friends in the town and some influence (social capital). The Mayor, who has a degree in economics, knows the stock market extremely well. S/he uses that intellectual capital to generate more money (financial capital) to run a re-election campaign, in which s/he works to transform financial capital into more social capital in the town.</p> <p>I tried to enumerate all of the different â€˜valuable resourcesâ€™ which an individual or entity could gather or exchange.Â â€œEight Forms of Capitalâ€ emerged:</p> <p><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-851" title="8 Forms of Captial" src="http://appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Fig_1_Eight_Forms_of_Captial.png" alt="" width="743" height="308" srcset="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Fig_1_Eight_Forms_of_Captial.png 743w, http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Fig_1_Eight_Forms_of_Captial-300x124.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 743px) 100vw, 743px" /></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <h3><em>Social Capital</em></h3> <p>Influence and connections are social capital. A person or entity who has â€˜good social capitalâ€™ can ask favors, influence decisions, and communicate efficiently. Social capital is of primary importance in politics, business, and community organizing.</p> <p>Jason Eaton of Social Thread LLC explained to me that Capital can be in the form of equity or debt. In social capital, a person can â€˜oweâ€™ favors or decision-making influence to another person or entity.</p> <p> </p> <h3><em>Material Capital</em></h3> <p>Non-living physical objects form material capital. Raw and processed resources like stone, metal, timber, and fossil fuels are â€˜complexedâ€™ with each other to create more sophisticated materials or structures. Modern buildings, bridges, and other pieces of infrastructure along with tools, computers, and other technologies are complexed forms of material capital.</p> <p> </p> <h3><em>Financial Capital</em></h3> <p>We are most familiar with financial capital: Money, currencies, securities and other instruments of the global financial system. The current global society focuses enormous amounts of attention on financial capital. It is our primary tool for exchanging goods and services with other humans. It can be a powerful tool for oppression, or, (potentially) liberation.</p> <p> </p> <h3><em>Living Capital</em></h3> <p>A precious metal dealer who attended both Financial Permaculture courses advises, â€œRather than U.S. Dollars, measure your wealth in ounces [of gold and silver]!â€ Recognizing thatÂ â€œpreciousâ€ metals are just another form of financial capital, Catherine Austin Fitts recommends that we diversify and, â€œMeasure your wealth in ounces, acres, and hooves.â€ Living capital is made up of the animals, plants, water and soil of our landâ€” the true basis for life on our planet.</p> <p>Permaculture design teaches us the principles and practices for rapid creation of living capital. Permaculture encourages us to share the abundance of living capital rather than the intangible â€œwealthâ€ of financial capital.</p> <p>(Note: â€œNatural Capitalâ€ could be a synonym for Living Capital, but the 1999 book â€œNatural Capitalismâ€ by Hawkens et al. focuses more on a slightly updated system of capitalism than on the true wealth of living systems. The current Slow Money movement is also making strides in a similar direction, seeking to transfer financial capital into the living forms of soil, animals, and agriculture.)</p> <p> </p> <h3><em>Intellectual Capital</em></h3> <p>Intellectual capital is best described as a â€˜knowledgeâ€™ asset. The majority of the current global education system is focused on imparting intellectual capital — whether or not it is the most useful form of capital for creating resilient and thriving communities. Having intellectual capital is touted as the surest way to â€˜be successfulâ€™.Science and research can focus on obtaining intellectual capital or â€˜truthâ€™, though it is often motivated by the desire for financial or social capital. For example, â€œgoing to universityâ€ is primarily an exchange of financial capital for intellectual capital. It is supposed to prepare people for the rest of their lives in the world.</p> <h3><em>Experiential (or Human) Capital</em></h3> <p>We accumulate experiential capital through actually organizing a project in our community, or building a strawbale house, or completing a permaculture design. The most effective way to learn anything comes through a blended gathering of intellectual and experiential capital. My personal experience getting a Masterâ€™s degree at Gaia University showed me that experiential learning is essential for my effective functioning in the world: I was able to do projects instead of take classes, and Iâ€™m now collaboratively organizing the local permaculture guild and co-running a successful permaculture design firm (2).</p> <p> </p> <p>I can see that â€˜Human Capitalâ€™ is a combination of social, intellectual and experiential capital, all facets of a person that can be gathered and carried in essentially limitless amounts. But thereâ€™s one more form of capital that a person can gather and carry inside themselves.</p> <p> </p> <h3><em>Spiritual Capital</em></h3> <p>As one practices their religion, spirituality, or other means of connection to self and universe, one may accumulate spiritual capital. It contains aspects of intellectual and experiential capital, but is deeper, more personal and less quantifiable. Manyost of the worldâ€™s religions include a concept of â€˜the great chain of beingâ€™, a holarchic understanding of existence where spiritual attainment (in this context, the accumulation of spiritual capital) leads to different levels of being (3).</p> <p>Buddhism even contains an explicit spiritual currency: Karma! This form of spiritual capital is tallied and accounted for not only in oneâ€™s current life, but (taking re-incarnation into consideration) also in all of the past and future lives of oneâ€™s soul. In spiritual capital again enters the concept that capital can be in the form of equity (gathering positive spiritual experience/understanding/attainment) OR in the form of debt. In some Mayan cultures (like the Tzutujil of Lago Atitlan), a basic understanding of existence is that humans owe a â€˜spiritual debtâ€™ to the magnificent beauty and complexity of existence. According to this worldview, the goal of oneâ€™s life in the world is to create works of unspeakable beauty and gratitude, thereby repaying the spiritual debt to existence (4). The Tzutujil also recognize that single human beings can never really be effective at gathering and flowing capital if they are separated from their community.</p> <h3><em>Cultural Capital</em></h3> <p>All the other forms of capital may be held and owed by individuals, but cultural capital can only be gathered by a community of people. Cultural capital describes the shared internal and external processes of a community – the works of art and theater, the songs that every child learns, the ability to come together in celebration of the harvest or for a religious holiday. Cultural capital cannot be gathered by individuals alone. It could be viewed as an emergent property of the complex system of inter-capital exchanges that takes place in a village, a city, a bioregion, or nation.</p> <h3><em>Properties of the System</em></h3> <p>These eight forms of capital help us map our understanding of the world. The map clarifies that money is not the only form of capital flowing around and through us. This map expands the concepts of wealth (and poverty) to include the â€˜valuable resourcesâ€™ of personal connections, natural resources, land, knowledge, experience, and more. It provides a language for permaculture designers to communicate the value of healthy soil and healthy communities to people immersed in the current mindset of global capitalism, where financial capital is the only reality.</p> <p><em><img class="aligncenter size-large wp-image-852" title="Capital Pools and Flows" src="http://appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Fig_2_Capital_Pools_Flows-1024x533.png" alt="" width="640" height="333" srcset="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Fig_2_Capital_Pools_Flows-1024x533.png 1024w, http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Fig_2_Capital_Pools_Flows-300x156.png 300w, http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Fig_2_Capital_Pools_Flows.png 1161w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></em></p> <p>There are two types of flow between pools capital:</p> <ol> <li>Intra-capital flows, between the same type of capital. For example, using US dollars to purchase a stock or bond, or exchanging heirloom tomato seeds for a carton of eggs.</li> <li>Inter-capital flows, between different types of capital. For example, paying for a 2-year apprenticeship with a master builder would be an exchange of financial capital for experiential, intellectual, and even social capital.</li> </ol> <p>These properties of capital flow point to another interesting question and feature of this map: What are the mediums of exchange used for each form of capital?</p> <h3>Eight Forms of Currency</h3> <p>Although most definitions of currency focus on financial capital, the Oxford American Dictionary and the Princeton Wordnet (5) both include the definition of â€œthe fact or quality of being generally accepted or in useâ€. For this map, I define a currency as the generally accepted (or in use) medium of exchange between pools of capital. In many cases, the currency is the capital itself — for example, items of â€˜Material Capitalâ€™ like copper or steel, can be the medium of exchange. Currencies can also be â€œcomplexedâ€ into more interconnected and functional forms, and still used as a medium of exchange.</p> <p>Here are the eight forms of currency associated with each form of capital:</p> <p><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-853" title="Eight Forms of Currency" src="http://appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Fig_3_Eight_Forms_of_Currency.png" alt="" width="903" height="546" srcset="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Fig_3_Eight_Forms_of_Currency.png 903w, http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/04/Fig_3_Eight_Forms_of_Currency-300x181.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 903px) 100vw, 903px" /></p> <h3>Practical Applications</h3> <p>Earlier this year, as my partner and I designed a four-weekend series of Forest Garden courses, we were having a lot of trouble with the budget. The costs of renting space and paying teachers combined with our desire to keep fees affordable for the local community made the numbers look unfeasible. No matter how we changed things around, we couldnâ€™t figure out how to make a reasonable financial return. Then we realized that our thinking was too narrow — we were only looking at financial capital! When we considered the experiential capital weâ€™d gain by running a course, the social capital gathered by planting forest gardens at a new education center, and the living capital of hundreds of useful plants going into the ground… it became clear that financial remuneration was only one facet of the system. Nonetheless, we still needed to balance our inflow and outflow of this one form of capital.</p> <p>The eight forms of capital provide a clear path towards a small point of great leverage: Eco-social Investing. We can encourage individuals, businesses, organizations, and governments to mimic natureâ€™s practices of investing: Locally, intimately, diversely, and primarily in living capital. The Financial Permaculture community, Gaia University, and a host of connected businesses and organizations are investing diverse baskets of capital, offering events like the Carbon Farming Course in Tennessee and the thriving eco-social chocolate business BooyaCacao.</p> <p>Iâ€™ve outlined a set of principles for Eco-Social and Ecosystem Investing, which you can find on my blog at www.appleseedpermaculture.com/blog One of the most useful applications of this map is for growing and shifting our own understanding of the world and the transactions we engage in. When I volunteer time working on my friendâ€™s organic permaculture farm, more than just â€˜free laborâ€™ is taking place:</p> <ul> <li>Iâ€™m gaining experiential and intellectual capital about the farmâ€™s soil, crops, and management,</li> <li>Weâ€™re supporting the growth of healthy living capital in the soil,</li> <li>My friend gets help producing products to exchange for financial capital (her right livelihood)</li> <li>We both build social capital through positive interaction and connection with each other.</li> </ul> <p>This amount of clarity can lead to a whole new level of transparency in our work as eco-social-cultural-economic designers. It can guide us towards an ever-deepening practice of the third ethic of permaculture.</p> <h3>The Third Ethic</h3> <p>Although Bill Mollison originally stated the third ethic of permaculture as â€œSetting limits to population and consumption,â€(6) many of us (especially in the more recent waves of permaculture) have been taught different forms of the third ethic. Some learn â€œFair Share,â€ a toned-down and friendlier version of â€œLimitsâ€. Others learn â€œResource Share,â€ which directs attention away from scarcity and towards re-investment of abundance. And more recently Iâ€™ve seen Starhawk refer to the third ethic as â€œFuture Care,â€ which synthesizes the call for â€œFair Shareâ€ and â€œResource Shareâ€ into a focus on creating thriving inheritances for future generations. The eight forms of capital can and should be considered in terms of each version of the third ethic.</p> <h3><em>Fair Share</em></h3> <p>When people and the businesses, organizations, and governments understand the eight forms of capital, they may find that financial capital is not the whole system. This can lead to decreased consumption of non-essential goods and services that fuel our infinite-growth-based financial system.</p> <p>A truly just society requires fair and equitable distribution of <em>all</em> forms of capital. While financial capital is important, non-financial capitals offer pathways to empowerment for the oppressed communities of our planet. In communities Iâ€™ve visited (Kazakhstan, Chile, and Latin America), the abundance of cultural capital often outweighs the financial capital, regenerating into a wealth of experiential and living capital that Iâ€™ve never seen in my northeastern-USA home. Any of us in the over-developed world can follow this modeling, working to end oppression caused by our current financial-capital-centric systems.</p> <h3><em>Resource Share</em></h3> <p>We can use the eight forms of capital to include resource sharing in our projects. AppleSeed Permaculture has set a new Carbon Policy, whereby 5% of our revenues will be dedicated to offsetting our carbon footprint throughÂ carbon-farming projects (living capital). The Permaculture Activistâ€™s tree tax functions in much the same way, transforming financial capital into living capital for the good of the planet.</p> <p>AppleSeed Permaculture is also inspired by our friends Shabazz and Josephine of Greenway Environmental Services, who explicitly donate 10% of every work week back to the community through education and consulting. They share their intellectual and experiential with urban youth groups and rural permaculturists alike, generating social capital for themselves at the same time. As an upper-middle class white male from the northeastern United States, I am seeking ways to transparently and joyfully use my multi-layered privilege to effectively share resources with those who have less power and freedom than I do. This article is one manifestation of my sharing of intellectual capital. I will also approach this goal through my work with eco-social investing. After seeking out leadership from people and communities who have been targeted by the oppressive effects of sexism, racism, and classism, their projects can be empowered through flows of multi-capital investment.</p> <h3><em>Future Care</em></h3> <p>To care for future generations, we need to move beyond finance into living and cultural capital. Of all eight forms, these two have the greatest potential for positive systemic change. Mollison writes, â€œWe should develop or create wealth just as we develop landscapes, by conserving energy and natural resources [and] by developing procreative assets (proliferating forests, prairies, and life systems)â€(7). Only through the songs, stories, and shared ethics of cultural capital can a focus on living capital can be sustained for the seventh generation to come.</p> <p>Some pieces are missing from the map: where does â€œlaborâ€ fit into the picture? What form of capital is â€œtimeâ€? There may be some dangerous implications: this map could commodify ecosystem services, spirituality, and culture. To care for the future, we must think more holistically about our current capital system.</p> <p>Let this map be a first draft. We donâ€™t know what will happen in the future, but if a complex set of changes and capital flows appear along the way, I offer the eight forms of capital as a new map for the journey.</p> <p><em>Â©Copyright 2011 Ethan Roland & Gregory Landua</em></p> <h2><strong>Gratitude & Resources</strong></h2> <p>I offer my deepest gratitude to Catherine Austin Fitts, Andrew Langford, Bill Mollison, Jason Eaton, Gregory Landua, Dyami-Nason Regan, Connor Stedman, Mai Frank, and Rafter Sass for their specific contributions to and reflections on this evolving map.</p> <ul> <li>Gaia University: <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.gaiauniversity.org/');" href="http://www.gaiauniversity.org/">www.gaiauniversity.org</a></li> <li>Financial Permaculture Course: <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.financialpermaculture.com/');" href="http://www.financialpermaculture.com/">www.financialpermaculture.com</a></li> <li>Financial Permaculture Blog: <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.financialpermaculture.org/');" href="http://www.financialpermaculture.org/">www.financialpermaculture.org</a></li> <li>Solari, Inc.: <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.solari.com/');" href="http://www.solari.com/">www.solari.com</a></li> <li>Social Thread LLC: <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.socialthread.com/');" href="http://www.socialthread.com/">www.socialthread.com</a></li> <li>Slow Money: <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.slowmoneyalliance.org/');" href="http://www.slowmoneyalliance.org/">www.slowmoneyalliance.org</a></li> <li>BooyaCacao: <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.booyacacao.com/');" href="http://www.booyacacao.com/">www.booyacacao.com</a></li> <li>AppleSeed Permaculture: <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.appleseedpermaculture.com/');" href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/">www.appleseedpermaculture.com</a></li> <li>Terra Genesis International: <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.terra-genesis.com');" href="http://www.terra-genesis.com">www.terra-genesis.com</a></li> </ul> <h3>References</h3> <ol> <li>Mollison, B. 1988. Permaculture: A Designersâ€™ Manual p. 534. Tagari Publications, Tasmania, Australia.</li> <li>Roland, E. 2008. Gaia University Masterâ€™s Degree Portfolio, http://gel.gaiauniversity.org</li> <li>Wilber, K. 2001. A Theory of Everything: An Integral Vision for Business, Politics, Science, and Spirituality p. 66-69. Shambhala Publications, Massachusetts, United Staes</li> <li>Prechtel, M. 2009. Saving the Indigenous Soul: Derrick Jensen Interviews MartÃn Prechtel. Sun Magazine, December 2009</li> <li>Wordnet: A Lexical Database for English. <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/wordnet.princeton.edu/');" href="http://wordnet.princeton.edu/">http://wordnet.princeton.edu</a>/, accessed 5/31/09.</li> <li>Mollison, B. 1988. Permaculture: A Designersâ€™ Manual p. 2. Tagari Publications, Tasmania, Australia.</li> <li><em>Ibid. </em>Permaculture: A Designersâ€™ Manual p. 534. Tagari Publications, Tasmania, Australia.</li> </ol> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><em>Thanks for Reading! This is the original 8 Forms of Capital article from 2011. Our more recent book <strong>Regenerative Enterprise</strong> builds on the 8 Forms of Capital â€“ you can download it at <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.regenterprise.com');" href="http://www.regenterprise.com">www.regenterprise.com</a>, <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.lulu.com/spotlight/8forms');" href="http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/8forms">purchase a hardcopy</a>, or <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/amzn.to/2JQk185');" href="https://amzn.to/2JQk185">get an ebook on Amazon</a>.</em></p> <p><em>For Ethan Roland Soloviev’s most up-to-date writing on regenerative agriculture, business, and life visit <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.ethansoloviev.com');" href="http://www.ethansoloviev.com">www.ethansoloviev.com</a></em></p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="cat-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/category/financial-permaculture-2/" rel="category tag">Financial Permaculture</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/category/permaculture-design/" rel="category tag">Permaculture & Design</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="tag-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/8cap/" rel="tag">#8cap</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/8-forms/" rel="tag">8 Forms</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/8forms/" rel="tag">8forms</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/capital/" rel="tag">Capital</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/eco-social/" rel="tag">eco-social</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/ecosystem/" rel="tag">ecosystem</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/enterprise/" rel="tag">enterprise</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/entrepreneurship/" rel="tag">Entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/finance/" rel="tag">finance</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/financial-permaculture/" rel="tag">financial permaculture</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/fpc/" rel="tag">fpc</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/impact/" rel="tag">Impact</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/investing/" rel="tag">investing</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/money/" rel="tag">Money</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/permaculture/" rel="tag">Permaculture</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/regenerative/" rel="tag">regenerative</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/regenerative-business/" rel="tag">regenerative business</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/regenerative-enterprise/" rel="tag">regenerative enterprise</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/social/" rel="tag">social</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/venture/" rel="tag">Venture</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/wealth/" rel="tag">Wealth</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="comments-link"><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/8-forms-of-capital/#comments"><b>46</b> Replies</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-501" class="post-501 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-financial-permaculture-2 category-regenerative-agriculture tag-agriculture tag-berry tag-budget tag-carbon tag-carbonfarming tag-crop tag-design tag-enterprise tag-farm tag-fruit tag-garden tag-green tag-keyline tag-nut tag-perennial tag-permaculture tag-plow tag-sustainable tag-tractor tag-vegetable"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/permaculture-for-farmers-crops-patterns-polycultures/" rel="bookmark">Permaculture for Farmers: Crops, Patterns, Polycultures</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/permaculture-for-farmers-crops-patterns-polycultures/" title="9:16 pm" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2010-08-19T21:16:09+00:00">August, 2010</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/author/ethanappleseed/" title="View all posts by ethanappleseed" rel="author">ethanappleseed</a></span></span> </div> <div class="comments-link"> <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/permaculture-for-farmers-crops-patterns-polycultures/#comments">3</a> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p>Every time Benneth Phelps (Mosaic Farm) and I prepare to give this talk (this time at the 2010 Northeastern Organic Farm Association Summer Conference) we end up tearing it apart and redesigning it completely. Here’s a sample polyculture from the talk:</p> <p><img class="alignnone size-full wp-image-509" title="Pc_for_Farmers_v3.079" src="http://appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Pc_for_Farmers_v3.079.png" alt="" width="800" height="600" srcset="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Pc_for_Farmers_v3.079.png 800w, http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/08/Pc_for_Farmers_v3.079-300x225.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></p> <p>This time, Benneth drew on her recent experience creating a complete business plan for her venture Mosaic Farm in the Connecticut River Valley of western Massachussets. We articulated a new design permaculture process for farmers, who need to focus on specific marketable crops along with the larger landscape patterns necessary to support and maintain them. </p> <p>For a summary of our new design process, <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.appleseedpermaculture.com/permaculture-for-farmers-crops-patterns-polycultures/#more-501');" href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/permaculture-for-farmers-crops-patterns-polycultures/#more-501" class="more-link">Continue reading <span class="meta-nav">→</span></a></p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="cat-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/category/financial-permaculture-2/" rel="category tag">Financial Permaculture</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/category/regenerative-agriculture/" rel="category tag">Regenerative Agriculture</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="tag-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/agriculture/" rel="tag">Agriculture</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/berry/" rel="tag">berry</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/budget/" rel="tag">budget</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/carbon/" rel="tag">carbon</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/carbonfarming/" rel="tag">carbonfarming</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/crop/" rel="tag">crop</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/design/" rel="tag">design</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/enterprise/" rel="tag">enterprise</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/farm/" rel="tag">farm</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/fruit/" rel="tag">fruit</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/garden/" rel="tag">garden</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/green/" rel="tag">green</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/keyline/" rel="tag">keyline</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/nut/" rel="tag">nut</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/perennial/" rel="tag">perennial</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/permaculture/" rel="tag">Permaculture</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/plow/" rel="tag">plow</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/sustainable/" rel="tag">sustainable</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/tractor/" rel="tag">tractor</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/tag/vegetable/" rel="tag">vegetable</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="comments-link"><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/permaculture-for-farmers-crops-patterns-polycultures/#comments"><b>3</b> Replies</a></span> </footer> </article> <article id="post-261" class="post-261 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-financial-permaculture-2 category-permaculture-design category-regenerative-agriculture tag-ashokan tag-budget tag-carbonfarming tag-enterprise tag-greenhorns tag-holistic-management tag-permaculture"> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title"><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/the-power-of-enterprise-budgets-permaculture-holistic-management-and-financial-planning/" rel="bookmark">The Power of Enterprise Budgets: Permaculture, Holistic Management, and Financial Planning</a></h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="sep">Posted on </span><a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/the-power-of-enterprise-budgets-permaculture-holistic-management-and-financial-planning/" title="3:06 am" rel="bookmark"><time class="entry-date" datetime="2009-08-30T03:06:01+00:00">August, 2009</time></a><span class="by-author"> <span class="sep"> by </span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/author/ethanappleseed/" title="View all posts by ethanappleseed" rel="author">ethanappleseed</a></span></span> </div> <div class="comments-link"> <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/the-power-of-enterprise-budgets-permaculture-holistic-management-and-financial-planning/#comments">19</a> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <p><strong>Permaculture designers:</strong> It’s time to get serious about profitability.<br /> <strong>Farmers & <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/thegreenhorns.wordpress.com/');" href="http://thegreenhorns.wordpress.com/">Greenhorns</a>:</strong> You already know what I’m talking about.</p> <p>I’ve been working on an integrated ecological farm design for the <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/www.ashokancenter.org/');" href="http://www.ashokancenter.org/">Ashokan Center</a> in the Hudson River Valley bioregion. The design calls for a mega-diversity of organic enterprises: Multi-species rotational grazing, hardy kiwi vineyards, mixed-fruit orchards, agroforestry & silvopasture, no-till & greenhouse vegetables, gourmet & medicinal mushrooms, and more. There are 200+ edible & useful species spread across 13 acres of farm and 200+ acres of forest.</p> <p><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-6" title="Ashokan Center Farm" src="http://regenerativedesigns.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/ashokan_eco_ag_081201.png" alt="Ashokan Center Farm" width="500" height="270" /></p> <p>But to start an ecological farm (in the USA at this point in time) takes money. In order to justify the up-front capital expense that my clients will have to invest to get this farm going, I need to be able to show them that this mega-diverse permaculture system can be profitable.</p> <p>How can I do it? How can I predict the potential expenses, and calculate the possible profits? What can I show my clients to convince them that all of these great permaculture ideas make good economic sense?</p> <p>By using <strong>Enterprise Budgets.</strong></p> <p>Enterprise budgets are summaries of actual data on the costs and yields of growing a particular crop — from asparagus to tilapia to black currants to walnuts to cattle to shitake mushrooms. The basic pattern is as follows:</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><strong>INCOME – EXPENSES = NET INCOME</strong></p> <ul> <li>INCOME (aka revenue, receipts, gross revenue, gross income – sometimes shown with a break-even chart)</li> <li>EXPENSES (aka costs – often divided into variable costs & fixed costs)</li> <li>NET INCOME (aka margin, gross margin, annual returns over costs)</li> </ul> <p>Pretty straightforward, right?</p> <p>For example, download a simple Bell Pepper Enterprise Budget from Penn State <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/regenerativedesigns.wordpress.com/wp-admin/media.php?action=edit&attachment_id=9');" href="http://regenerativedesigns.wordpress.com/wp-admin/media.php?action=edit&attachment_id=9">here</a> and take a look.</p> <p><a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/regenerativedesigns.wordpress.com/wp-admin/media.php?action=edit&attachment_id=9');" href="http://regenerativedesigns.wordpress.com/wp-admin/media.php?action=edit&attachment_id=9"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-7" title="Bell Pepper Production" src="http://regenerativedesigns.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/picture-9.png" alt="Bell Pepper Production" width="499" height="308" /></a></p> <p>As you move into perennial crops (like <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/regenerativedesigns.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/pearnc2003.pdf');" href="http://regenerativedesigns.files.wordpress.com/2009/08/pearnc2003.pdf">this pear example</a>), the enterprise budgets get a bit more complex. AND, there are currently very few enterprise budgets that focus on small-scale, organic and post-organic permaculture enterprises. So we’ll need to develop based on the small-scale enterprises we initiate — this means learning the basics of good bookkeeping and accounting, and keeping good records on our expenses and yields. Some of the best current documentation on this scale comes from <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/ipm.osu.edu/pageview.asp?id=16');" href="http://ipm.osu.edu/pageview.asp?id=16">Joe Kovach at Ohio State University</a> – take a look at his work <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/ipm.osu.edu/pageview.asp?id=16');" href="http://ipm.osu.edu/pageview.asp?id=16">here</a>.</p> <p style="text-align: center;"><a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/ipm.osu.edu/pageview.asp?id=16');" href="http://ipm.osu.edu/pageview.asp?id=16"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-543" title="Kovach_Polyculture" src="http://appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Kovach_Polyculture.png" alt="Kovach_Polyculture" width="600" srcset="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Kovach_Polyculture.png 950w, http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/08/Kovach_Polyculture-300x166.png 300w" sizes="(max-width: 950px) 100vw, 950px" /></a></p> <p>In Kirk Gadzia’s <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/su.pr/1AenpC');" href="http://su.pr/1AenpC">Holistic Management</a> module during the <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/su.pr/1dWlgV');" href="http://su.pr/1dWlgV">Carbon Farming Course</a>, our financial planning exercise (which you can read about over at the <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/carbonfarming.wordpress.com');" href="http://carbonfarming.wordpress.com">Carbon Farming Course blog here</a>) focused on choosing agricultural enterprises to re-invigorate an ailing farm. To bring the whole-systems thinking of permaculture into play, I needed to propose viable multi-functional alternatives to the simple and unprofitable hay production. Fortunately, I’ve been collecting every single enterprise budget available on the web for the last year — so I had many options, from seaberry & hazelnut orchards to perch & bullhead catfish aquaculture. (The systematic collation and organization of all these budgets creates the backbone of the economic design tool for ecological agriculture enterprises I <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/su.pr/4R94Dq');" href="http://su.pr/4R94Dq">blogged about here.</a>)</p> <p>In order to support the ongoing development of ecological agriculture, I’m making available to you <strong>all the all the enterprise budgets</strong> I have collected in the last 2 years – <strong>more than 1090 of them</strong>. I ask only that you keep seeking and creating out new budgets to add to the collection – especially ones that use real data from small-scale organic and permaculture operations. <a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/dl.dropbox.com/s/lhnc6iji1emtf0x/Enterprise_Budgets_data_current.zip?dl=0');" href="http://dl.dropbox.com/s/lhnc6iji1emtf0x/Enterprise_Budgets_data_current.zip?dl=0">Download ’em here</a> – careful, this is a 130mb file.</p> <p>Any questions?</p> <p><strong>Permies</strong>, are you ready to get realistic about profitability? Let’s get this sort of economic sensibility into our designs.</p> <p><strong>Farmers & <strong><a onclick="javascript:pageTracker._trackPageview('/outgoing/thegreenhorns.wordpress.com/');" href="http://thegreenhorns.wordpress.com/">Greenhorns</a></strong></strong>, how can I make this information more available and useful to you?</p> </div> <footer class="entry-meta"> <span class="cat-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/category/financial-permaculture-2/" rel="category tag">Financial Permaculture</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/category/permaculture-design/" rel="category tag">Permaculture & Design</a>, <a href="http://www.appleseedpermaculture.com/category/regenerative-agriculture/" rel="category tag">Regenerative Agriculture</a> </span> <span class="sep"> | </span> <span class="tag-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a 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