CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9176f50c2e8d449c',cH: 'dV369cxwa3RZ1jmfUjf7WLlxR5bz2loQd34dD19lzD8-1740478768-1.2.1.1-XzCG.cIrUc0E645cpl4T6laGNMeBiOGMjWw7PAn.354BqfumNAqqseAKnPWgijUo',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=David%20Martin&__cf_chl_tk=.E2E4QYdf.KdOkagMNJuO9ylUPujqRpriMxPMm.gJzs-1740478768-1.0.1.1-..GcxuOpsraXwqVtzXUy6ipqfEEGYZ0f4hNuKfGPdsA",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1740478768',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=David%20Martin&__cf_chl_f_tk=.E2E4QYdf.KdOkagMNJuO9ylUPujqRpriMxPMm.gJzs-1740478768-1.0.1.1-..GcxuOpsraXwqVtzXUy6ipqfEEGYZ0f4hNuKfGPdsA",md: "TQf.KEIZoDPhTn.WVcOTh2FfxMICRjkQV5r3lt7As4Y-1740478768-1.2.1.1-lmpLsBq5IeWfG6LCScqnUqnO4_CRKewZpp6DwkkmZeSEh9iZwYwKKmJsBlMnwX5TQCJ6vT27bG8pBWi5.kyy1wiIBIXzqZ0mK5AUSkTExxHN7iROTN7W_W9nFGATgkX5yfSD_86fOvNVlM9EhfjSdI3WkDlb_4j7JVF3Arwn0xg_AgMXNFhud6hAor0tEhxQqfKhyBdBVWO4vDvEXhb7NKdnKG960BRRcvp4XT1vj0fmB1kVlvOMxHgLWa9f2x.2.sSw0WwMCBhuGi_gQ1zeMnh390GmU6EyIKov1d2196XN73sWSsUho3N0TATvw0_dVytXuPLNlFQjHCZWn3W1J2rFKJVQrPrea64E1p3SrLai88e.Jml0bWbLFQGb7TUtutUQCY0NWAujUPOdWJVQn0b7ZKRcR1Wmgb0GWwjJKfLvvQhxfQApWdkhpNhvuTkGbDiNJ.SL6cLEflkiB3Lp2SaksXDXySKXm5bBPRceHQHrTIdk2NKor.yROz5Da.L8bNsXLidjeejy7miIwZc4dg.1fmcS8H8UKNNnyEUphHadfvxxcMMDYkkMI3jDPbHuxJtva8go6jT9R7XojMUltVdfwBIxKfQN92xsr2USOx4r6fkCv6N5Wb.R.4fmQfzdJwlfrZP8NNhSVWmh0aS6miF3EcniV5FljBjVK6hDM8uXMBmTWEAmJiHVEGOrvhWQoMiW8pmlxHvxrs3oirGT.OhUz3HYEvppmxl3DfsQwAbY9VtTFJlsFMNKauYe43ouDBCoalnFHWFiWXJiweNklkCx8rQ2YT6MirDNxm7beSZJ8yUvQuG1HKx13aTkSI4RUXPOnz028TdwUIbr53iCLSAe9cjd7SUBm.dfE5RGJRj_itreB2BDQyI6TzrgblSdpi4CjxrrbVutKMubvAZkHhbqs57s2.FVq5.Tl8MT6s6AMUSn.QiHWV219d87SOzFaV8J5lH4MA71pI6oR4DRbeTzf_YTzkJsHWA7c0DDFnwAaM2G.augAlQJQQv_zVTKZO0n7.SNaIXvy2ez44.UMSOvzAvNNcRZrJqXdJY7glr655tOuTjaG2VaNgcXlQTU8bevBO0oTOc55gtn_GMY0Zvba5g5lU72XDWILFFm8LvdaCh9vvpl7m.LHfP81m.1GmUiKv7cvm0YQmhMotoRvMfd6srRba6FAlcjbM17wJpGwi_nq7uS5H1JnweavfeOFgXOqRxM8TobNmYoU6gDJNNI8K3oMoaHePhIvhRADmmVkwYfCUmvcwbCSOT_hMejDVRiewcBMQhMPU_REHkyKqKlml2JkFUTYaCocnAH4Ahl7odqwLDeRfpLCpQ8t96n6GRtcWxjecdU8KvhPehrol4JpDQ0Pc1nxQaGJxGwNUUndEDTA4q76n_TyMKuVeC5yVZoHI1RsvQCPbmq2WVSNlYLeRFpFvegnjrbu.li6s0V.pA8e232y95i_nKjzL8fubTWTS3qS1gpwRUgGKusWk84Qjt1PaR7LgJffmbkM7tr8Xp0jQel4HMczQbndaIyay4QwGs.wKsZsfkXw0KV3ryVFz9C4l8JPdpgGrlE5tgQYNUOnflXjQQEVjbkjkR_emvcG6j8lz77.g5ODJFLfRjhN9l_mgZFI7jmWxO0hyxuzdtB.8m1j0JuoWLT9HVSEP_UD4NWPP7PmYpBWchkS2H9.gu8Y92Md3ob.KsqT38q1KB6f.zLgC.dO8h9wI8IQPSKc1MHLpwGZgKP0adQCstGKGShuGP0q2l4wwQLpzBdRnQ7t8xDKGg6CalpwsZKXUfr8lvvx1O3eq_1pdVSmto0_eu1iaDppZ2GZhYdSj9CvawLQ4hEG1UmG98Jfz0ZgpL.1U178dJ0FtyAtJuxlRZRPgzL0mN4ZDAt_n3.NmwgdDFEM.R2XDijXPR9pMKtCHe05J6Pqbp_VkWi5NMw1Vp8JFzbe0sEmJ10t0fhqE8",mdrd: "gwT2vh76Hff4zjGn_VQ6q00VfHuGKs.S5nASaqCyNyw-1740478768-1.2.1.1-a1kwfMIEs9ONH.4PtEsjMAQS_uvx96HjcHH7cIWUzXng5crPw536iigaqVNqxXlLk4nN.Z.c2xLWpqJnKVDptGYqzzHk4QbLHIS68Gi4om0BCdWyKJEuRwdAM2kgMB7ttRyXBBpFDInuDlEWXrfvHy0wti3BKBzC.vJojFZ7E3MEjkGDWmUP.RHxqcZmET8Y4IlQLJptTcmKsmbuzZ3LonDUCHvmaR2jABYe2asz2H2IWViS77M4RtrKFJH7DKCyAg98eVk2eQGz7A7LCoFsjgt.kBChWY3tINCs.m3ejgrF7k4ej_3iGPqDZ9Vz8Osp7VNXuLZ.MpZ9heQKLro8tY45ggekm1q1b1VgNV6z5fVxoyMqyw1EQMbkK0XidTCyJvraUDkNnigT.cYDckNyOFGRrRD.hTOHUYc2rOgQC7KrZjZXnJm4IbWH_o0cz5e470cvsvseS6Kiq2jyLx.vrSu3qq.A9LOLmOiWlDEjvKc3bQI.ft5GaW.aXWmM2KI_NbuxxP.sZWTv5mZ6k6UPmhEX6nIcA5TA2vpdy4Yl6sBKwh7Bvu6nh4cGlFxqYbAs_OsEUr4aYEVy.Qt9LE7x5ZxQCI_rcJGmM_kgO7.zXXjEkgLE1GyFJBjthbKNsj2yFZBtIXUiwsp_Gx5r.lHWTCUiyJ0qO62WRRnan7UcTlDtWywHUbfe9kjU5E0oZf2WGownyGkihrKVARnM_mxZlOnOV1YTaE0CnaenVh_0NRYa07_e35ROfuXP6N2piZUgiFaVDHmFAQwc9y5dTv060QtLu0yfD.BWGtg2qT8XjTf_YsaUehh2YikeSbL8wbVQ7cL2CZrNnvj4aS_hfCZjKk5y_2eN5iaxvePT9wStcZaxe4GQ57p49oRaJ3cvYySyqlYKXN1jm2oH4ED3aseCoIdH2h7_d8qUCw6SfaOwhPJWwAg4SUsznI3to3urZteHJ5_LPEA7ZuwcttItCQCV2s5WqnWZlthDZhnDVrhmMdOvOC_v69gO9gvUtVXwt7LgEnWjBnaTQ0cMo_Ru9WZrCGVXxrOLAH4wcmMyd57D6yApU6ELcpZAtkNd5arPWR.6KvWPtz6.5aJYsFIJ35BlMc9RSoa2U48Q.3kzj1.sfGMSoPQ6sjZOqZmqCm2KGGm_XsDjs9_OberBrt4A99hXgdKRWkquZyx4_D21tpHMXy_G4WrEIlWXWueAiDGbQco1ujrS7izuIlfNUvFjSiS9S4DaT3a_GgpqHipyKiD78BcuchfE58KOe7fHURzD_HXUo6sq9Zur3pubf6XbAvooqDrZxZ9p.MjKzj0AYjS7OCWEh3Oh.IpOHwJ17TPHH.bBhzLt2driUa798COVP2BtGxS6A24fmahOWimwGsInYTFLZp6GybEHpcbvP5N0pKTR_HCQfHkgNsopQxDaburhSjm2YxOmqfZnoa1r7jzeb9yHE_WkKOFCpTtes2CTpsdjRhIQyIaJ1LBRnPjUwCcK355er5FCc4yDQTn8PG4gZm3FKp168BPhGY6RSRVaaYJyQCGxmmuhhzaOKainCivFdHTwjzBOy.Ome9c46QIUpcZiY1KQOXJ2tA13ccACrLpxJRA1FQ3YrAMHFevgmo7nAyp7a4GjrERJZyY6SSYuO64dduyvXB8oZhX_JQvqQEwp6YJReDzStZbh5mmeFdMCURGn6fEoFVh4ancZpplPAtuiwdZctK5N5LyCZuckIi8yJe0vx1C7LGe8PZ.wNjeY51HEjkanPCYXKR3YtXXp66_HVpwnmC_o8ImkedIip.NPRLp5JXbfqmGSmqjrtBmDyUzALeRFlX5iLfNkYXijEeNPyRXgSnLpWHPS5DlyqjEsLCJzRXOjgt6.Xh_y8ssy7YPC6cFCqxk7oH0img_MIbAqnfOTKmNd3Qf6Bx_Lgqgj2jJyfaWJ5xa9jstY1j6M_.0DsMK7Ei1i19N5WB2mld473If0q4IIpIIDFBAMHtzlgRgMTAAgLbmyDCnon9fAEw"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9176f50c2e8d449c';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=David%20Martin&__cf_chl_rt_tk=.E2E4QYdf.KdOkagMNJuO9ylUPujqRpriMxPMm.gJzs-1740478768-1.0.1.1-..GcxuOpsraXwqVtzXUy6ipqfEEGYZ0f4hNuKfGPdsA" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>