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user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:M%E1%BB%9F_t%C3%A0i_kho%E1%BA%A3n&returnto=H%E1%BB%8D+R%E1%BA%AFn+n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc" title="Bạn được khuyến khích mở tài khoản và đăng nhập; tuy nhiên, không bắt buộc phải có tài khoản" class=""><span>Tạo tài khoản</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C4%83ng_nh%E1%BA%ADp&returnto=H%E1%BB%8D+R%E1%BA%AFn+n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc" title="Đăng nhập sẽ có lợi hơn, tuy nhiên không bắt buộc. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Đăng nhập</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Thêm tùy chọn" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Công cụ cá nhân" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Công cụ cá nhân</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Bảng chọn thành viên" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_vi.wikipedia.org&uselang=vi"><span>Quyên góp</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:M%E1%BB%9F_t%C3%A0i_kho%E1%BA%A3n&returnto=H%E1%BB%8D+R%E1%BA%AFn+n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc" title="Bạn được khuyến khích mở tài khoản và đăng nhập; tuy nhiên, không bắt buộc phải có tài khoản"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Tạo tài khoản</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C4%83ng_nh%E1%BA%ADp&returnto=H%E1%BB%8D+R%E1%BA%AFn+n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc" title="Đăng nhập sẽ có lợi hơn, tuy nhiên không bắt buộc. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Đăng nhập</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Trang dành cho người dùng chưa đăng nhập <a href="/wiki/Tr%E1%BB%A3_gi%C3%BAp:Gi%E1%BB%9Bi_thi%E1%BB%87u" aria-label="Tìm hiểu thêm về sửa đổi"><span>tìm hiểu thêm</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:%C4%90%C3%B3ng_g%C3%B3p_c%E1%BB%A7a_t%C3%B4i" title="Danh sách các sửa đổi được thực hiện qua địa chỉ IP này [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Đóng góp</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Th%E1%BA%A3o_lu%E1%BA%ADn_t%C3%B4i" title="Thảo luận với địa chỉ IP này [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Thảo luận cho địa chỉ IP này</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Trang Web"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Nội dung" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Nội dung</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Đầu</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Đặc_điểm_chung_của_họ_Rắn_nước" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Đặc_điểm_chung_của_họ_Rắn_nước"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Đặc điểm chung của họ Rắn nước</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Đặc_điểm_chung_của_họ_Rắn_nước-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Phân_loại" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Phân_loại"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Phân loại</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Phân_loại-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Phát_sinh_chủng_loài" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Phát_sinh_chủng_loài"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Phát sinh chủng loài</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Phát_sinh_chủng_loài-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Hiện/ẩn mục Phát sinh chủng loài</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Phát_sinh_chủng_loài-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Các_phân_họ_hiện_tại" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Các_phân_họ_hiện_tại"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Các phân họ hiện tại</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Các_phân_họ_hiện_tại-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Các_phân_họ_trướng_đây" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Các_phân_họ_trướng_đây"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Các phân họ trướng đây</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Các_phân_họ_trướng_đây-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hình_ảnh" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hình_ảnh"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Hình ảnh</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hình_ảnh-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chú_thích" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chú_thích"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Chú thích</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chú_thích-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tham_khảo" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tham_khảo"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Tham khảo</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tham_khảo-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Nội dung" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Đóng mở mục lục" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Đóng mở mục lục</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Họ Rắn nước</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Xem bài viết trong ngôn ngữ khác. Bài có sẵn trong 66 ngôn ngữ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-66" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">66 ngôn ngữ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%86%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="حنشيات – Tiếng Ả Rập" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="حنشيات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ả Rập" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suilan%C4%B1kimil%C9%99r" title="Suilanıkimilər – Tiếng Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Suilanıkimilər" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolubrid" title="Kolubrid – Tiếng Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kolubrid" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Mã Lai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Mã Lai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%BF" title="কলুব্রিডি – Tiếng Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="কলুব্রিডি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Вужовыя – Tiếng Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вужовыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Вужовыя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вужовыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Смокообразни – Tiếng Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Смокообразни" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Col%C3%BAbrids" title="Colúbrids – Tiếng Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Colúbrids" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/U%C5%BEovkovit%C3%AD" title="Užovkovití – Tiếng Séc" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Užovkovití" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Séc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snoge" title="Snoge – Tiếng Đan Mạch" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Snoge" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đan Mạch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nattern" title="Nattern – Tiếng Đức" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nattern" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Đức" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nihook%C3%A1%C3%A1%CA%BC_t%C5%82%CA%BCiish" title="Nihookááʼ tłʼiish – Tiếng Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Nihookááʼ tłʼiish" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9ssa" title="Béssa – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Béssa" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Anh" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Anh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Tây Ban Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolubredoj" title="Kolubredoj – Tiếng Quốc Tế Ngữ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kolubredoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Quốc Tế Ngữ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%85%DA%86%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="قمچه‌ماران – Tiếng Ba Tư" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قمچه‌ماران" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Tư" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Pháp" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Pháp" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B1%80%EA%B3%BC" title="뱀과 – Tiếng Hàn" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뱀과" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hàn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Լորտուներ – Tiếng Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լորտուներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gu%C5%BEevi" title="Guževi – Tiếng Croatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Guževi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolubro" title="Kolubro – Tiếng Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Kolubro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%B3pleysingjar" title="Grópleysingjar – Tiếng Iceland" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Grópleysingjar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Iceland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Italy" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Italy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="זעמניים – Tiếng Do Thái" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זעמניים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Do Thái" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ანკარასებრნი – Tiếng Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ანკარასებრნი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%81_%D0%B6%D1%8B%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D3%99%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%B4%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Сарыбас жыландартәрізділер – Tiếng Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сарыбас жыландартәрізділер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng La-tinh" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng La-tinh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zalk%C5%A1u_dzimta" title="Zalkšu dzimta – Tiếng Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zalkšu dzimta" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natteren" title="Natteren – Tiếng Luxembourg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Natteren" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Luxembourg" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDaltiniai" title="Žaltiniai – Tiếng Litva" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Žaltiniai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Litva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikl%C3%B3f%C3%A9l%C3%A9k" title="Siklófélék – Tiếng Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Siklófélék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Смокови – Tiếng Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Смокови" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AD%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B4_(%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86_%D8%AD%D9%89)" title="احناش (كائن حى) – Tiếng Ả Rập Ai Cập" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="احناش (كائن حى)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ả Rập Ai Cập" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toornslangachtigen" title="Toornslangachtigen – Tiếng Hà Lan" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Toornslangachtigen" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Hà Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8A%E3%83%9F%E3%83%98%E3%83%93%E7%A7%91" title="ナミヘビ科 – Tiếng Nhật" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ナミヘビ科" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nhật" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Natern" title="Natern – Tiếng Frisia Miền Bắc" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Natern" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Frisia Miền Bắc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snoker" title="Snoker – Tiếng Na Uy (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Snoker" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Na Uy (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suvilonlar" title="Suvilonlar – Tiếng Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Suvilonlar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF" title="نانگ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نانگ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qhulhu%C3%ABfe" title="Qhulhuëfe – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Qhulhuëfe" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C5%82ozowate" title="Połozowate – Tiếng Ba Lan" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Połozowate" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ba Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Bồ Đào Nha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubride" title="Colubride – Tiếng Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Colubride" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5" title="Ужеобразные – Tiếng Nga" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ужеобразные" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Nga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubrid" title="Colubrid – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Colubrid" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/U%C5%BEovkovit%C3%A9" title="Užovkovité – Tiếng Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Užovkovité" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Go%C5%BEi" title="Goži – Tiếng Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Goži" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarhak%C3%A4%C3%A4rmeet" title="Tarhakäärmeet – Tiếng Phần Lan" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tarhakäärmeet" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Phần Lan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snokar" title="Snokar – Tiếng Thụy Điển" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Snokar" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thụy Điển" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A8%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A9%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87" title="วงศ์งูพิษเขี้ยวหลัง – Tiếng Thái" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วงศ์งูพิษเขี้ยวหลัง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thái" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Thổ Nhĩ Kỳ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96" title="Полозові – Tiếng Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Полозові" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" title="Colubridae – Tiếng Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Colubridae" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guc mw-list-item"><a href="https://guc.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C3%BCi" title="Wüi – Wayuu" lang="guc" hreflang="guc" data-title="Wüi" data-language-autonym="Wayuunaiki" data-language-local-name="Wayuu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wayuunaiki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E8%9B%87%E7%A7%91" title="游蛇科 – Tiếng Ngô" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="游蛇科" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Ngô" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%81%8A%E8%9B%87" title="遊蛇 – Tiếng Quảng Đông" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="遊蛇" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Quảng Đông" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B8%B8%E8%9B%87%E7%A7%91" title="游蛇科 – Tiếng Trung" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="游蛇科" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tiếng Trung" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q182751#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sửa liên kết giữa ngôn ngữ" class="wbc-editpage">Sửa liên 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<div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Công cụ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Thêm tùy chọn" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tác vụ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc"><span>Đọc</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&veaction=edit" title="Sửa đổi trang này [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sửa đổi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=edit" title="Sửa đổi mã nguồn của trang này [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sửa mã nguồn</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=history"><span>Xem lịch sử</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Chung </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Li%C3%AAn_k%E1%BA%BFt_%C4%91%E1%BA%BFn_%C4%91%C3%A2y/H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc" title="Các trang liên kết đến đây [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Các liên kết đến đây</span></a></li><li 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href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:Tr%C3%ADch_d%E1%BA%ABn&page=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&id=71603973&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Hướng dẫn cách trích dẫn trang này"><span>Trích dẫn trang này</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FH%25E1%25BB%258D_R%25E1%25BA%25AFn_n%25C6%25B0%25E1%25BB%259Bc"><span>Lấy URL ngắn gọn</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FH%25E1%25BB%258D_R%25E1%25BA%25AFn_n%25C6%25B0%25E1%25BB%259Bc"><span>Tải mã QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In và xuất </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:S%C3%A1ch&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=H%E1%BB%8D+R%E1%BA%AFn+n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc"><span>Tạo một quyển sách</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%E1%BA%B7c_bi%E1%BB%87t:DownloadAsPdf&page=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=show-download-screen"><span>Tải dưới dạng PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&printable=yes" title="Bản để in ra của trang [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Bản để in ra</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tại dự án khác </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-species mw-list-item"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Colubridae" hreflang="en"><span>Wikispecies</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q182751" title="Liên kết đến khoản mục kết nối trong kho dữ liệu [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Khoản mục Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Công cụ trang"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Giao diện"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Giao diện</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">chuyển sang thanh bên</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ẩn</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Bách khoa toàn thư mở Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="vi" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox taxobox" style="text-align: left; width: 17.5em; font-size: 0.9em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding: 12px; line-height: 1.1em; font-size: 135%; font-weight: bold; color: black; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">Họ Rắn nước </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center">Khoảng thời gian tồn tại: <a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BA%BF_Oligocen" title="Thế Oligocen">Oligocen</a> - gần đây </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Colubridae-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Colubridae-01.jpg/280px-Colubridae-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="356" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Colubridae-01.jpg/420px-Colubridae-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Colubridae-01.jpg/560px-Colubridae-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1611" data-file-height="2046" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;">Colubridae </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="padding: 2px; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%A2n_lo%E1%BA%A1i_h%E1%BB%8Dc_(sinh_h%E1%BB%8Dc)" class="mw-redirect" title="Phân loại học (sinh học)">Phân loại khoa học</a> <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:Taxonomy/Colubridae" title="e"><img alt="e" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/74/Red_Pencil_Icon.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Vực: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sinh_v%E1%BA%ADt_nh%C3%A2n_th%E1%BB%B1c" title="Sinh vật nhân thực">Eukaryota</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Giới: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99ng_v%E1%BA%ADt" title="Động vật">Animalia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ngành: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%99ng_v%E1%BA%ADt_c%C3%B3_d%C3%A2y_s%E1%BB%91ng" title="Động vật có dây sống">Chordata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lớp: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B2_s%C3%A1t" class="mw-redirect" title="Bò sát">Reptilia</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bộ: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/B%C3%B2_s%C3%A1t_c%C3%B3_v%E1%BA%A3y" title="Bò sát có vảy">Squamata</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Phân bộ: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Serpentes" class="mw-redirect" title="Serpentes">Serpentes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Liên họ: </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colubroidea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colubroidea (trang không tồn tại)">Colubroidea</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Họ: </td> <td><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Colubridae</a><br /><small><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolaus_Michael_Oppel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolaus Michael Oppel (trang không tồn tại)">Oppel</a>, 1811</small> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Họ Rắn nước</b> (tên khoa học là <b>Colubridae</b>), là một họ thuộc phân bộ <a href="/wiki/R%E1%BA%AFn" title="Rắn">Rắn</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Đặc_điểm_chung_của_họ_Rắn_nước"><span id=".C4.90.E1.BA.B7c_.C4.91i.E1.BB.83m_chung_c.E1.BB.A7a_h.E1.BB.8D_R.E1.BA.AFn_n.C6.B0.E1.BB.9Bc"></span>Đặc điểm chung của họ Rắn nước</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sửa đổi phần “Đặc điểm chung của họ Rắn nước”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=edit&section=1" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Đặc điểm chung của họ Rắn nước"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Các loài trong họ không có di tích đai hông và chi sau, chỉ còn 1 lá <a href="/wiki/Ph%E1%BB%95i" title="Phổi">phổi</a> phải.</li> <li>Đa số các loài trong họ đều không có nọc độc.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Phân_loại"><span id="Ph.C3.A2n_lo.E1.BA.A1i"></span>Phân loại</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sửa đổi phần “Phân loại”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=edit&section=2" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Phân loại"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Xem thêm: <a href="/wiki/Danh_s%C3%A1ch_c%C3%A1c_chi_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc" class="mw-redirect" title="Danh sách các chi Rắn nước">Danh sách các chi Rắn nước</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Indian_Rat_Snake_-_Ptyas_mucosus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Indian_Rat_Snake_-_Ptyas_mucosus.jpg/220px-Indian_Rat_Snake_-_Ptyas_mucosus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Indian_Rat_Snake_-_Ptyas_mucosus.jpg/330px-Indian_Rat_Snake_-_Ptyas_mucosus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Indian_Rat_Snake_-_Ptyas_mucosus.jpg/440px-Indian_Rat_Snake_-_Ptyas_mucosus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/R%E1%BA%AFn_h%E1%BB%95_tr%C3%A2u" class="mw-redirect" title="Rắn hổ trâu">Rắn hổ trâu</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Theo truyền thống, họ Colubridae đã được định nghĩa không như là một <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%C6%A1n_ng%C3%A0nh" title="Đơn ngành">nhóm tự nhiên</a>, do nhiều chi/loài trên thực tế có quan hệ họ hàng gần với các nhóm rắn khác, chẳng hạn với họ <a href="/wiki/Elapidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Elapidae">rắn hổ</a>, hơn là với nhau trong nội bộ họ này<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Như thế, dường như nó là một <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C4%90%C6%A1n_v%E1%BB%8B_ph%C3%A2n_lo%E1%BA%A1i_th%C3%B9ng_r%C3%A1c&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Đơn vị phân loại thùng rác (trang không tồn tại)">đơn vị phân loại thùng rác</a> chứa các loài rắn không phù hợp để xếp vào chỗ nào khác<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Họ Rắn nước như định nghĩa này bao gồm trên 1.800 loài<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. Sự phân chia họ Colubridae thành 12 phân họ lần đầu tiên được đề cập tới trong nghiên cứu của Zaher (1999)<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bao gồm: </p> <ul><li>Phân họ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Boodontinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boodontinae (trang không tồn tại)">Boodontinae</a></li> <li>Phân họ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Calamariinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calamariinae (trang không tồn tại)">Calamariinae</a></li> <li>Phân họ <a href="/wiki/Colubrinae" title="Colubrinae">Colubrinae</a></li> <li>Phân họ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dipsadinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dipsadinae (trang không tồn tại)">Dipsadinae</a></li> <li>Phân họ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Homalopsinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Homalopsinae (trang không tồn tại)">Homalopsinae</a></li> <li>Phân họ <a href="/wiki/Natricinae" title="Natricinae">Natricinae</a></li> <li>Phân họ <a href="/wiki/Pareatinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pareatinae">Pareatinae</a></li> <li>Phân họ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Psammophiinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psammophiinae (trang không tồn tại)">Psammophiinae</a></li> <li>Phân họ <a href="/wiki/Pseudoxenodontinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudoxenodontinae">Pseudoxenodontinae</a></li> <li>Phân họ <a href="/wiki/Pseudoxyrhophiinae" title="Pseudoxyrhophiinae">Pseudoxyrhophiinae</a></li> <li>Phân họ <a href="/wiki/Xenodermatinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenodermatinae">Xenodermatinae</a></li> <li>Phân họ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xenodontinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xenodontinae (trang không tồn tại)">Xenodontinae</a></li></ul> <p>Một số nghiên cứu phát sinh chủng loài gần đây như Lawson <i>et al.</i>, 2005<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; Vidal <i>et al.</i>, 2007<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; Wiens <i>et al.</i>, 2008<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; Zaher <i>et al.</i>, 2009<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>; Pyron <i>et al.</i>, 2010<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> đã tách họ Colubridae <a href="/wiki/%C4%90a_ng%C3%A0nh" title="Đa ngành">đa ngành</a> này thành các họ sau: </p> <ul><li>Colubridae nghĩa mới: Khoảng 1.596-1.600 loài (có thể gộp hoặc tách riêng họ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dipsadidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dipsadidae (trang không tồn tại)">Dipsadidae</a>/Xenodontidae, nếu tách thì họ Dipsadidae này chứa khoảng 752 loài). Họ này có thể chia ra thành các phân họ như sau<sup id="cite_ref-Pyron2013_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pyron2013-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Figueroa16_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Figueroa16-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahaetuliinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahaetuliinae">Ahaetuliinae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calamariinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calamariinae (trang không tồn tại)">Calamariinae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudoxenodontinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudoxenodontinae">Pseudoxenodontinae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibynophiinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sibynophiinae">Sibynophiinae</a> = Scaphiodontophiinae</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grayiinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grayiinae (trang không tồn tại)">Grayiinae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colubrinae" title="Colubrinae">Colubrinae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natricinae" title="Natricinae">Natricinae</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dipsadinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dipsadinae (trang không tồn tại)">Dipsadinae</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homalopsidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Homalopsidae">Homalopsidae</a>: Khoảng 53 loài.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamprophiidae" title="Lamprophiidae">Lamprophiidae</a>: Khoảng 309 loài.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pareatidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pareatidae">Pareatidae</a>: Khoảng 18 loài.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xenodermidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenodermidae">Xenodermidae</a>: Khoảng 18 loài.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Phát_sinh_chủng_loài"><span id="Ph.C3.A1t_sinh_ch.E1.BB.A7ng_lo.C3.A0i"></span>Phát sinh chủng loài</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sửa đổi phần “Phát sinh chủng loài”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=edit&section=3" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Phát sinh chủng loài"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dưới đây là 2 biểu đồ nhánh phát sinh chủng loài của họ Colubridae trong phạm vi Caenophidia/Colubroidea. </p> <table class="wikitable" width="auto" style="text-align: left"> <tbody><tr style="font-size:90%; text-align:left; padding:2.5px; background:#cef"> <th>Theo Wiens <i>et al.</i> (2012)<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> và Pyron <i>et al. </i> (2013)<sup id="cite_ref-Pyron2013_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pyron2013-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </th> <th>Theo Figueroa <i>et al.</i> (2016)<sup id="cite_ref-Figueroa16_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Figueroa16-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="background:#fff; padding:0.5px"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68144032">.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{width:0.7em;padding:0 0.15em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0 0.15em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}</style> <table class="clade" style="font-size:90%;line-height:90%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caenophidia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caenophidia (trang không tồn tại)">Caenophidia</a>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Acrochordidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Acrochordidae">Acrochordidae</a> (Acrochordoidea) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Xenodermidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenodermidae">Xenodermidae</a> (một phần Colubridae nghĩa cũ) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Pareatidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pareatidae">Pareatidae</a> (một phần Colubridae nghĩa cũ) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Viperidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Viperidae">Viperidae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Homalopsidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Homalopsidae">Homalopsidae</a> (một phần Colubridae nghĩa cũ) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Lamprophiidae" title="Lamprophiidae">Lamprophiidae</a> (một phần Colubridae nghĩa cũ) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Elapidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Elapidae">Elapidae</a> (gồm cả Hydrophiidae) </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><b>Colubridae</b> nghĩa mới </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td> <td style="background:#fff; padding:0.5px"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade" style="font-size:90%;line-height:90%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Caenophidia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caenophidia (trang không tồn tại)">Caenophidia</a>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Acrochordidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Acrochordidae">Acrochordidae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Colubroidea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colubroidea (trang không tồn tại)">Colubroidea</a>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Xenodermidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenodermidae">Xenodermidae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Pareidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pareidae">Pareidae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Viperidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Viperidae">Viperidae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Homalopsidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Homalopsidae">Homalopsidae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Lamprophiidae" title="Lamprophiidae">Lamprophiidae</a> + <a href="/wiki/Elapidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Elapidae">Elapidae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><b>Colubridae</b> nghĩa mới </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>còn dưới đây là biểu đồ phát sinh chủng loài trong phạm vi họ Colubridae ở cấp độ phân họ.<sup id="cite_ref-Figueroa16_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Figueroa16-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> </p> <table class="clade" style="font-size:90%;line-height:90%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"> <b>Colubridae</b>  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Sibynophiinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sibynophiinae">Sibynophiinae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Natricinae" title="Natricinae">Natricinae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Pseudoxenodontinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudoxenodontinae">Pseudoxenodontinae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dipsadinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dipsadinae (trang không tồn tại)">Dipsadinae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grayinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grayinae (trang không tồn tại)">Grayinae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calamariinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calamariinae (trang không tồn tại)">Calamariinae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144032"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Ahaetuliinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahaetuliinae">Ahaetuliinae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/Colubrinae" title="Colubrinae">Colubrinae</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Các_phân_họ_hiện_tại"><span id="C.C3.A1c_ph.C3.A2n_h.E1.BB.8D_hi.E1.BB.87n_t.E1.BA.A1i"></span>Các phân họ hiện tại</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sửa đổi phần “Các phân họ hiện tại”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=edit&section=4" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Các phân họ hiện tại"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Sibynophiinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Sibynophiinae">Sibynophiinae</a></b> – 2 chi </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68144143">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Scaphiodontophis" title="Scaphiodontophis">Scaphiodontophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sibynophis" class="mw-redirect" title="Sibynophis">Sibynophis</a></i></li></ul></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Natricinae" title="Natricinae">Natricinae</a></b> – 37 chi (một số thỉnh thoảng được xếp vào họ <a href="/w/index.php?title=Natricidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natricidae (trang không tồn tại)">Natricidae</a>) </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Indian_Rat_Snake_(Grey_and_Yellow).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Indian_Rat_Snake_%28Grey_and_Yellow%29.jpg/240px-Indian_Rat_Snake_%28Grey_and_Yellow%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="362" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Indian_Rat_Snake_%28Grey_and_Yellow%29.jpg/360px-Indian_Rat_Snake_%28Grey_and_Yellow%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Indian_Rat_Snake_%28Grey_and_Yellow%29.jpg/480px-Indian_Rat_Snake_%28Grey_and_Yellow%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="3775" /></a><figcaption>Two <a href="/wiki/Ptyas_mucosa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ptyas mucosa">Indian rat snakes</a> (grey and yellow)</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Coast_Garter_Snake.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Coast_Garter_Snake.jpg/240px-Coast_Garter_Snake.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Coast_Garter_Snake.jpg/360px-Coast_Garter_Snake.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Coast_Garter_Snake.jpg/480px-Coast_Garter_Snake.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Natricinae" title="Natricinae">natricine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Thamnophis_sirtalis" title="Thamnophis sirtalis">Thamnophis sirtalis</a></i></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144143"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Adelophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adelophis (trang không tồn tại)">Adelophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afronatrix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Afronatrix (trang không tồn tại)">Afronatrix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amphiesma" title="Amphiesma">Amphiesma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amphiesmoides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amphiesmoides (trang không tồn tại)">Amphiesmoides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anoplohydrus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Anoplohydrus (trang không tồn tại)">Anoplohydrus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aspidura&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aspidura (trang không tồn tại)">Aspidura</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atretium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atretium (trang không tồn tại)">Atretium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blythia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blythia (trang không tồn tại)">Blythia</a></i> <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clonophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clonophis (trang không tồn tại)">Clonophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fowlea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fowlea (trang không tồn tại)">Fowlea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haldea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haldea (trang không tồn tại)">Haldea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hebius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hebius (trang không tồn tại)">Hebius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helophis (trang không tồn tại)">Helophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Herpetoreas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Herpetoreas (trang không tồn tại)">Herpetoreas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrablabes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydrablabes (trang không tồn tại)">Hydrablabes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydraethiops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydraethiops (trang không tồn tại)">Hydraethiops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iguanognathus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iguanognathus (trang không tồn tại)">Iguanognathus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isanophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isanophis (trang không tồn tại)">Isanophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limnophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Limnophis (trang không tồn tại)">Limnophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liodytes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liodytes (trang không tồn tại)">Liodytes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natriciteres&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natriciteres (trang không tồn tại)">Natriciteres</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natrix&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natrix (trang không tồn tại)">Natrix</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nerodia" title="Nerodia">Nerodia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Opisthotropis" class="mw-redirect" title="Opisthotropis">Opisthotropis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paratapinophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paratapinophis (trang không tồn tại)">Paratapinophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudagkistrodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudagkistrodon (trang không tồn tại)">Pseudagkistrodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Regina_(snake)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Regina (snake) (trang không tồn tại)">Regina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhabdophis" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhabdophis">Rhabdophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhabdops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhabdops (trang không tồn tại)">Rhabdops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Smithophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Smithophis (trang không tồn tại)">Smithophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Storeria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Storeria (trang không tồn tại)">Storeria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Thamnophis" title="Thamnophis">Thamnophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trachischium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trachischium (trang không tồn tại)">Trachischium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trimerodytes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trimerodytes (trang không tồn tại)">Trimerodytes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropidoclonion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tropidoclonion (trang không tồn tại)">Tropidoclonion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropidonophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tropidonophis (trang không tồn tại)">Tropidonophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virginia_(snake)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Virginia (snake) (trang không tồn tại)">Virginia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xenochrophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xenochrophis (trang không tồn tại)">Xenochrophis</a></i></li></ul></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Pseudoxenodontinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudoxenodontinae">Pseudoxenodontinae</a></b> – two genera </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144143"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Plagiopholis" class="mw-redirect" title="Plagiopholis">Plagiopholis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pseudoxenodon" class="mw-redirect" title="Pseudoxenodon">Pseudoxenodon</a></i></li></ul></div> <p><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dipsadinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dipsadinae (trang không tồn tại)">Dipsadinae</a></b> – 100 genera (sometimes given as family <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dipsadidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dipsadidae (trang không tồn tại)">Dipsadidae</a>) </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Sibon_longifrenis_(La_Selva_Biological_Station).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Sibon_longifrenis_%28La_Selva_Biological_Station%29.jpg/240px-Sibon_longifrenis_%28La_Selva_Biological_Station%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Sibon_longifrenis_%28La_Selva_Biological_Station%29.jpg/360px-Sibon_longifrenis_%28La_Selva_Biological_Station%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Sibon_longifrenis_%28La_Selva_Biological_Station%29.jpg/480px-Sibon_longifrenis_%28La_Selva_Biological_Station%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3870" data-file-height="2580" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dipsadinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dipsadinae (trang không tồn tại)">dipsadine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Sibon_longifrenis" title="Sibon longifrenis">Sibon longifrenis</a></i></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144143"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adelphicos" title="Adelphicos">Adelphicos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alsophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alsophis (trang không tồn tại)">Alsophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amastridium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amastridium (trang không tồn tại)">Amastridium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amnesteophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amnesteophis (trang không tồn tại)">Amnesteophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apostolepis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apostolepis (trang không tồn tại)">Apostolepis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arcanumophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arcanumophis (trang không tồn tại)">Arcanumophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arrhyton&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arrhyton (trang không tồn tại)">Arrhyton</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atractus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atractus (trang không tồn tại)">Atractus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baliodryas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baliodryas (trang không tồn tại)">Baliodryas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boiruna&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boiruna (trang không tồn tại)">Boiruna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Borikenophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Borikenophis (trang không tồn tại)">Borikenophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caaeteboia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caaeteboia (trang không tồn tại)">Caaeteboia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calamodontophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calamodontophis (trang không tồn tại)">Calamodontophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Caraiba&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Caraiba (trang không tồn tại)">Caraiba</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carphophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Carphophis (trang không tồn tại)">Carphophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cenaspis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cenaspis (trang không tồn tại)">Cenaspis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cercophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cercophis (trang không tồn tại)">Cercophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chersodromus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chersodromus (trang không tồn tại)">Chersodromus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chlorosoma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chlorosoma (trang không tồn tại)">Chlorosoma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clelia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clelia (trang không tồn tại)">Clelia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coniophanes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coniophanes (trang không tồn tại)">Coniophanes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conophis (trang không tồn tại)">Conophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Contia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Contia (trang không tồn tại)">Contia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coronelaps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coronelaps (trang không tồn tại)">Coronelaps</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crisantophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crisantophis (trang không tồn tại)">Crisantophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cryophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cryophis (trang không tồn tại)">Cryophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cubophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cubophis (trang không tồn tại)">Cubophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diadophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diadophis (trang không tồn tại)">Diadophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diaphorolepis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diaphorolepis (trang không tồn tại)">Diaphorolepis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dipsas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dipsas (trang không tồn tại)">Dipsas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ditaxodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ditaxodon (trang không tồn tại)">Ditaxodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drepanoides&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drepanoides (trang không tồn tại)">Drepanoides</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Echinanthera&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Echinanthera (trang không tồn tại)">Echinanthera</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elapomorphus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elapomorphus (trang không tồn tại)">Elapomorphus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emmochliophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emmochliophis (trang không tồn tại)">Emmochliophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enuliophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enuliophis (trang không tồn tại)">Enuliophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enulius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enulius (trang không tồn tại)">Enulius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erythrolamprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erythrolamprus (trang không tồn tại)">Erythrolamprus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eutrachelophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eutrachelophis (trang không tồn tại)">Eutrachelophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Farancia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farancia (trang không tồn tại)">Farancia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geophis (trang không tồn tại)">Geophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gomesophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gomesophis (trang không tồn tại)">Gomesophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haitiophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haitiophis (trang không tồn tại)">Haitiophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Helicops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Helicops (trang không tồn tại)">Helicops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heterodon" title="Heterodon">Heterodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrodynastes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydrodynastes (trang không tồn tại)">Hydrodynastes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydromorphus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydromorphus (trang không tồn tại)">Hydromorphus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hydrops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hydrops (trang không tồn tại)">Hydrops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypsiglena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hypsiglena (trang không tồn tại)">Hypsiglena</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypsirhynchus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hypsirhynchus (trang không tồn tại)">Hypsirhynchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ialtris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ialtris (trang không tồn tại)">Ialtris</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imantodes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imantodes (trang không tồn tại)">Imantodes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Incaspis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Incaspis (trang không tồn tại)">Incaspis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leptodeira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leptodeira (trang không tồn tại)">Leptodeira</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lioheterophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lioheterophis (trang không tồn tại)">Lioheterophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lygophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lygophis (trang không tồn tại)">Lygophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Magliophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Magliophis (trang không tồn tại)">Magliophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manolepis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manolepis (trang không tồn tại)">Manolepis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mussurana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mussurana (trang không tồn tại)">Mussurana</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ninia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ninia (trang không tồn tại)">Ninia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nothopsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nothopsis (trang không tồn tại)">Nothopsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Omoadiphas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Omoadiphas (trang không tồn tại)">Omoadiphas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxyrhopus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxyrhopus (trang không tồn tại)">Oxyrhopus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paraphimophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paraphimophis (trang không tồn tại)">Paraphimophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phalotris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phalotris (trang không tồn tại)">Phalotris</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philodryas" title="Philodryas">Philodryas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phimophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phimophis (trang không tồn tại)">Phimophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plesiodipsas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plesiodipsas (trang không tồn tại)">Plesiodipsas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pliocercus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pliocercus (trang không tồn tại)">Pliocercus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudalsophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudalsophis (trang không tồn tại)">Pseudalsophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudoboa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudoboa (trang không tồn tại)">Pseudoboa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudoeryx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudoeryx (trang không tồn tại)">Pseudoeryx</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudoleptodeira&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudoleptodeira (trang không tồn tại)">Pseudoleptodeira</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudotomodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudotomodon (trang không tồn tại)">Pseudotomodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psomophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psomophis (trang không tồn tại)">Psomophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ptychophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ptychophis (trang không tồn tại)">Ptychophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhachidelus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhachidelus (trang không tồn tại)">Rhachidelus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhadinaea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhadinaea (trang không tồn tại)">Rhadinaea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhadinella&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhadinella (trang không tồn tại)">Rhadinella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhadinophanes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhadinophanes (trang không tồn tại)">Rhadinophanes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rodriguesophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rodriguesophis (trang không tồn tại)">Rodriguesophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Saphenophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saphenophis (trang không tồn tại)">Saphenophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sibon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sibon (trang không tồn tại)">Sibon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siphlophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siphlophis (trang không tồn tại)">Siphlophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sordellina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sordellina (trang không tồn tại)">Sordellina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Synophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Synophis (trang không tồn tại)">Synophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tachymenis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tachymenis (trang không tồn tại)">Tachymenis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taeniophallus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Taeniophallus (trang không tồn tại)">Taeniophallus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantalophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantalophis (trang không tồn tại)">Tantalophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thamnodynastes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thamnodynastes (trang không tồn tại)">Thamnodynastes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thermophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thermophis (trang không tồn tại)">Thermophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tomodon" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomodon">Tomodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tretanorhinus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tretanorhinus (trang không tồn tại)">Tretanorhinus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trimetopon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trimetopon (trang không tồn tại)">Trimetopon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropidodipsas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tropidodipsas (trang không tồn tại)">Tropidodipsas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tropidodryas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tropidodryas (trang không tồn tại)">Tropidodryas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uromacer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uromacer (trang không tồn tại)">Uromacer</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Urotheca&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Urotheca (trang không tồn tại)">Urotheca</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xenodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xenodon (trang không tồn tại)">Xenodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xenopholis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xenopholis (trang không tồn tại)">Xenopholis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xenoxybelis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xenoxybelis (trang không tồn tại)">Xenoxybelis</a></i></li></ul></div> <p><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grayiinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grayiinae (trang không tồn tại)">Grayiinae</a></b> – one genus </p> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Grayia" class="mw-disambig" title="Grayia">Grayia</a></i></li></ul> <p><b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calamariinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calamariinae (trang không tồn tại)">Calamariinae</a></b> – seven genera </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144143"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calamaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calamaria (trang không tồn tại)">Calamaria</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Calamorhabdium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Calamorhabdium (trang không tồn tại)">Calamorhabdium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collorhabdium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Collorhabdium (trang không tồn tại)">Collorhabdium</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Etheridgeum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Etheridgeum (trang không tồn tại)">Etheridgeum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macrocalamus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macrocalamus (trang không tồn tại)">Macrocalamus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudorabdion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudorabdion (trang không tồn tại)">Pseudorabdion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rabdion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rabdion (trang không tồn tại)">Rabdion</a></i></li></ul></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Ahaetuliinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Ahaetuliinae">Ahaetuliinae</a></b> – five genera </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144143"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ahaetulla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ahaetulla (trang không tồn tại)">Ahaetulla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chrysopelea" title="Chrysopelea">Chrysopelea</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dendrelaphis" title="Dendrelaphis">Dendrelaphis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dryophiops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dryophiops (trang không tồn tại)">Dryophiops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Proahaetulla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Proahaetulla (trang không tồn tại)">Proahaetulla</a></i></li></ul></div> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Colubrinae" title="Colubrinae">Colubrinae</a></b> – 94 genera </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:PikiWiki_Israel_37648_Nature_and_Colors.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/PikiWiki_Israel_37648_Nature_and_Colors.jpg/240px-PikiWiki_Israel_37648_Nature_and_Colors.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/PikiWiki_Israel_37648_Nature_and_Colors.jpg/360px-PikiWiki_Israel_37648_Nature_and_Colors.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/PikiWiki_Israel_37648_Nature_and_Colors.jpg/480px-PikiWiki_Israel_37648_Nature_and_Colors.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Colubrinae" title="Colubrinae">colubrine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dolichophis_jugularis" title="Dolichophis jugularis">Dolichophis jugularis</a></i>, preying on a legless lizard, a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scheltopusik&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scheltopusik (trang không tồn tại)">scheltopusik</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r68144143"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aeluroglena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aeluroglena (trang không tồn tại)">Aeluroglena</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aprosdoketophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aprosdoketophis (trang không tồn tại)">Aprosdoketophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Archelaphe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Archelaphe (trang không tồn tại)">Archelaphe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Argyrogena&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Argyrogena (trang không tồn tại)">Argyrogena</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arizona" title="Arizona">Arizona</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bamanophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bamanophis (trang không tồn tại)">Bamanophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bogertophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bogertophis (trang không tồn tại)">Bogertophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Boiga" title="Boiga">Boiga</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cemophora" class="mw-redirect" title="Cemophora">Cemophora</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chapinophis" class="mw-redirect" title="Chapinophis">Chapinophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chironius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chironius (trang không tồn tại)">Chironius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coelognathus" title="Coelognathus">Coelognathus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coluber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coluber (trang không tồn tại)">Coluber</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colubroelaps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colubroelaps (trang không tồn tại)">Colubroelaps</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conopsis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Conopsis (trang không tồn tại)">Conopsis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Coronella&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Coronella (trang không tồn tại)">Coronella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crotaphopeltis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Crotaphopeltis (trang không tồn tại)">Crotaphopeltis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dasypeltis" class="mw-redirect" title="Dasypeltis">Dasypeltis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dendrophidion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dendrophidion (trang không tồn tại)">Dendrophidion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dipsadoboa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dipsadoboa (trang không tồn tại)">Dipsadoboa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Dispholidus" class="mw-redirect" title="Dispholidus">Dispholidus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dolichophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dolichophis (trang không tồn tại)">Dolichophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drymarchon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drymarchon (trang không tồn tại)">Drymarchon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drymobius&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drymobius (trang không tồn tại)">Drymobius</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Drymoluber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drymoluber (trang không tồn tại)">Drymoluber</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eirenis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eirenis (trang không tồn tại)">Eirenis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elaphe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Elaphe (trang không tồn tại)">Elaphe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euprepiophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Euprepiophis (trang không tồn tại)">Euprepiophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ficimia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ficimia (trang không tồn tại)">Ficimia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Geagras&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Geagras (trang không tồn tại)">Geagras</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gonyosoma&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gonyosoma (trang không tồn tại)">Gonyosoma</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyalopion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyalopion (trang không tồn tại)">Gyalopion</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hapsidophrys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hapsidophrys (trang không tồn tại)">Hapsidophrys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hemerophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hemerophis (trang không tồn tại)">Hemerophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hemorrhois&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hemorrhois (trang không tồn tại)">Hemorrhois</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hierophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hierophis (trang không tồn tại)">Hierophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lampropeltis" title="Lampropeltis">Lampropeltis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leptodrymus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leptodrymus (trang không tồn tại)">Leptodrymus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Leptophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leptophis (trang không tồn tại)">Leptophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liopeltis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liopeltis (trang không tồn tại)">Liopeltis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lycodon" title="Lycodon">Lycodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lytorhynchus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lytorhynchus (trang không tồn tại)">Lytorhynchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Macroprotodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Macroprotodon (trang không tồn tại)">Macroprotodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Masticophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Masticophis (trang không tồn tại)">Masticophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mastigodryas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mastigodryas (trang không tồn tại)">Mastigodryas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meizodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meizodon (trang không tồn tại)">Meizodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mopanveldophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mopanveldophis (trang không tồn tại)">Mopanveldophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muhtarophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muhtarophis (trang không tồn tại)">Muhtarophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oligodon" class="mw-redirect" title="Oligodon">Oligodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oocatochus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oocatochus (trang không tồn tại)">Oocatochus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opheodrys&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opheodrys (trang không tồn tại)">Opheodrys</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oreocryptophis" class="mw-redirect" title="Oreocryptophis">Oreocryptophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Orientocoluber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Orientocoluber (trang không tồn tại)">Orientocoluber</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Oxybelis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oxybelis (trang không tồn tại)">Oxybelis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palusophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palusophis (trang không tồn tại)">Palusophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pantherophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pantherophis (trang không tồn tại)">Pantherophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Persiophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persiophis (trang không tồn tại)">Persiophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philothamnus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Philothamnus (trang không tồn tại)">Philothamnus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phrynonax&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phrynonax (trang không tồn tại)">Phrynonax</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phyllorhynchus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phyllorhynchus (trang không tồn tại)">Phyllorhynchus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pituophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pituophis (trang không tồn tại)">Pituophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Platyceps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Platyceps (trang không tồn tại)">Platyceps</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudelaphe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudelaphe (trang không tồn tại)">Pseudelaphe</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudoficimia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudoficimia (trang không tồn tại)">Pseudoficimia</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ptyas" title="Ptyas">Ptyas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhamnophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhamnophis (trang không tồn tại)">Rhamnophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhinobothryum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhinobothryum (trang không tồn tại)">Rhinobothryum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rhinocheilus" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhinocheilus">Rhinocheilus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhynchocalamus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhynchocalamus (trang không tồn tại)">Rhynchocalamus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Salvadora" class="mw-disambig" title="Salvadora">Salvadora</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scaphiophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scaphiophis (trang không tồn tại)">Scaphiophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scolecophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scolecophis (trang không tồn tại)">Scolecophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Senticolis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Senticolis (trang không tồn tại)">Senticolis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Simophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Simophis (trang không tồn tại)">Simophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sonora" title="Sonora">Sonora</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spalerosophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spalerosophis (trang không tồn tại)">Spalerosophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spilotes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spilotes (trang không tồn tại)">Spilotes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stegonotus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stegonotus (trang không tồn tại)">Stegonotus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stenorrhina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stenorrhina (trang không tồn tại)">Stenorrhina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stichophanes&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stichophanes (trang không tồn tại)">Stichophanes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Symphimus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Symphimus (trang không tồn tại)">Symphimus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sympholis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sympholis (trang không tồn tại)">Sympholis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantilla&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantilla (trang không tồn tại)">Tantilla</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tantillita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tantillita (trang không tồn tại)">Tantillita</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Telescopus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Telescopus (trang không tồn tại)">Telescopus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thelotornis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thelotornis (trang không tồn tại)">Thelotornis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thrasops&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Thrasops (trang không tồn tại)">Thrasops</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toxicodryas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toxicodryas (trang không tồn tại)">Toxicodryas</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trimorphodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trimorphodon (trang không tồn tại)">Trimorphodon</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wallaceophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wallaceophis (trang không tồn tại)">Wallaceophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wallophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wallophis (trang không tồn tại)">Wallophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xenelaphis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xenelaphis (trang không tồn tại)">Xenelaphis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xyelodontophis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xyelodontophis (trang không tồn tại)">Xyelodontophis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Zamenis" title="Zamenis">Zamenis</a></i></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Các_phân_họ_trướng_đây"><span id="C.C3.A1c_ph.C3.A2n_h.E1.BB.8D_tr.C6.B0.E1.BB.9Bng_.C4.91.C3.A2y"></span>Các phân họ trướng đây</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sửa đổi phần “Các phân họ trướng đây”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=edit&section=5" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Các phân họ trướng đây"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aparallactinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Aparallactinae">Aparallactinae</a> (now a subfamily of <a href="/wiki/Lamprophiidae" title="Lamprophiidae">Lamprophiidae</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Pyronetal2011_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pyronetal2011-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sometimes combined with <a href="/wiki/Atractaspidinae" class="mw-redirect" title="Atractaspidinae">Atractaspidinae</a>)</li> <li>Boiginae (now part of <a href="/wiki/Colubrinae" title="Colubrinae">Colubrinae</a>)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Boodontinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Boodontinae (trang không tồn tại)">Boodontinae</a> (some of which now treated as subfamily <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grayiinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grayiinae (trang không tồn tại)">Grayiinae</a> of the new Colubridae, others moved to family <a href="/wiki/Lamprophiidae" title="Lamprophiidae">Lamprophiidae</a> as part of subfamilies <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lamprophiinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lamprophiinae (trang không tồn tại)">Lamprophiinae</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudaspidinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudaspidinae (trang không tồn tại)">Pseudaspidinae</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pseudoxyrhophiidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pseudoxyrhophiidae (trang không tồn tại)">Pseudoxyrhophiidae</a>, which are now sometimes treated as families)</li> <li>Dispholidinae (now part of Colubrinae)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Homalopsinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Homalopsinae (trang không tồn tại)">Homalopsinae</a> (now family <a href="/wiki/Homalopsidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Homalopsidae">Homalopsidae</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Pyronetal2011_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pyronetal2011-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Lamprophiinae (now a subfamily of Lamprophiidae)<sup id="cite_ref-Pyronetal2011_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pyronetal2011-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Lycodontinae (now part of Colubrinae)</li> <li>Lycophidinae (now part of Lamprophiidae)</li> <li>Pareatinae (now family <a href="/wiki/Pareidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Pareidae">Pareidae</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Pyronetal2011_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pyronetal2011-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sometimes incorrectly spelled Pareatidae)<sup id="cite_ref-Savage_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Savage-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Philothamninae (now part of Colubrinae)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Psammophiinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Psammophiinae (trang không tồn tại)">Psammophiinae</a> (now a subfamily of Lamprophiidae)<sup id="cite_ref-Pyronetal2011_14-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pyronetal2011-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseudoxyrhophiinae" title="Pseudoxyrhophiinae">Pseudoxyrhophiinae</a> (now a subfamily of Lamprophiidae)<sup id="cite_ref-Pyronetal2011_14-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pyronetal2011-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Xenoderminae (now family <a href="/wiki/Xenodermidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Xenodermidae">Xenodermidae</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Pyronetal2011_14-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pyronetal2011-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> sometimes incorrectly spelled Xenodermatidae)<sup id="cite_ref-Savage_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Savage-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xenodontinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xenodontinae (trang không tồn tại)">Xenodontinae</a> (which many authors put in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dipsadinae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dipsadinae (trang không tồn tại)">Dipsadinae</a>/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dipsadidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dipsadidae (trang không tồn tại)">Dipsadidae</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hình_ảnh"><span id="H.C3.ACnh_.E1.BA.A3nh"></span>Hình ảnh</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sửa đổi phần “Hình ảnh”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=edit&section=6" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Hình ảnh"><span>sửa mã 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r71728118">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67233549">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"“""”""‘""’"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFLawson_R;_Slowinski_J.B.;_Crother_B.I.;_Burbrink_F.T.2005" class="citation journal cs1">Lawson R; Slowinski J.B.; Crother B.I.; Burbrink F.T. (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110727105819/http://naherpetology.org/pdf_files/400.pdf">“Phylogeny of the Colubroidea (Serpentes): New evidence from mitochondrial and nuclear genes”</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</i>. <b>37</b>: 581–601. <a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BB%8Bnh_danh_%C4%91%E1%BB%91i_t%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_s%E1%BB%91" class="mw-redirect" title="Định danh đối tượng số">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2005.07.016">10.1016/j.ympev.2005.07.016</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16172004">16172004</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://naherpetology.org/pdf_files/400.pdf">Bản gốc</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> lưu trữ ngày 27 tháng 7 năm 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 8 tháng 7 năm 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Molecular+Phylogenetics+and+Evolution&rft.atitle=Phylogeny+of+the+Colubroidea+%28Serpentes%29%3A+New+evidence+from+mitochondrial+and+nuclear+genes&rft.volume=37&rft.pages=581-601&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2005.07.016&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F16172004&rft.au=Lawson+R%3B+Slowinski+J.B.%3B+Crother+B.I.%3B+Burbrink+F.T.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnaherpetology.org%2Fpdf_files%2F400.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%8D+R%E1%BA%AFn+n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">Quản lý CS1: nhiều tên: danh sách tác giả (<a href="/wiki/Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i:Qu%E1%BA%A3n_l%C3%BD_CS1:_nhi%E1%BB%81u_t%C3%AAn:_danh_s%C3%A1ch_t%C3%A1c_gi%E1%BA%A3" title="Thể loại:Quản lý CS1: nhiều tên: danh sách tác giả">liên kết</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFFry_B.G.;_Vidal_N.;_van_der_Weerd_L.;_Kochva_E.;_Renjifo_C.2009" class="citation journal cs1">Fry B.G.; Vidal N.; van der Weerd L.; Kochva E.; Renjifo C. 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The phylogeny of advanced snakes (Colubroidea), with discovery of a new subfamily and comparison of support methods for likelihood trees. <i>Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution</i> 58: 329–342.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pyron2013-10">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pyron2013_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pyron2013_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text">Pyron Robert Alexander, Frank T. Burbrink, John J. Wiens, 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/13/93">A phylogeny and revised classification of Squamata, including 4161 species of lizards and snakes</a>. <i>BMC Evol. Biol.</i> 13(1) 93, <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1186%2F1471-2148-13-93">10.1186/1471-2148-13-93</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Figueroa16-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Figueroa16_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Figueroa16_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Figueroa16_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFFigueroaMcKelvyGrismerBell2016" class="citation journal cs1">Figueroa, A.; McKelvy, A. D.; Grismer, L. L.; Bell, C. D.; Lailvaux, S. P. 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Hutter, Daniel G. Mulcahy, Brice P. Noonan, Ted M. Townsend, Jack W. Sites, Tod W. Reeder, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://rsbl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/8/6/1043.abstract">Resolving the phylogeny of lizards and snakes (Squamata) with extensive sampling of genes and species</a>. <i>Biol. Lett.</i> 8(6): 1043-1046, <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1098%2Frsbl.2012.0703">10.1098/rsbl.2012.0703</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Blythia&species=reticulata&search_param=%28%28genus%3D%27Blythia%27%29%29">“Blythia reticulata”</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210521033938/https://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Blythia&species=reticulata&search_param=%28%28genus%3D%27Blythia%27%29%29">Lưu trữ</a> bản gốc ngày 21 tháng 5 năm 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 21 tháng 5 năm 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Blythia+reticulata&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Freptile-database.reptarium.cz%2Fspecies%3Fgenus%3DBlythia%26species%3Dreticulata%26search_param%3D%2528%2528genus%253D%2527Blythia%2527%2529%2529&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%8D+R%E1%BA%AFn+n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pyronetal2011-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pyronetal2011_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pyronetal2011_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pyronetal2011_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pyronetal2011_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pyronetal2011_14-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pyronetal2011_14-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pyronetal2011_14-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="vi" dir="ltr">Lỗi chú thích: Thẻ <code><ref></code> sai; không có nội dung trong thẻ ref có tên <code>Pyronetal2011</code></span></li> <li id="cite_note-Savage-15">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Savage_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Savage_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r67233549"><cite id="CITEREFSavage2015" class="citation journal cs1">Savage, Jay M. (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160307141006/http://www.zenscientist.com/index.php/pdflibrary2/func-finishdown/2496">“What are the correct family names for the taxa that include the snake genera <i>Xenodermus</i>, <i>Pareas</i>, and <i>Calamaria</i>?”</a>. <i>Herpetological Review</i>. <b>46</b> (4): 664–665. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zenscientist.com/index.php/pdflibrary2/func-finishdown/2496/">Bản gốc</a> lưu trữ ngày 7 tháng 3 năm 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Truy cập ngày 14 tháng 5 năm 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Herpetological+Review&rft.atitle=What+are+the+correct+family+names+for+the+taxa+that+include+the+snake+genera+Xenodermus%2C+Pareas%2C+and+Calamaria%3F&rft.volume=46&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=664-665&rft.date=2015&rft.aulast=Savage&rft.aufirst=Jay+M.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zenscientist.com%2Findex.php%2Fpdflibrary2%2Ffunc-finishdown%2F2496%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fvi.wikipedia.org%3AH%E1%BB%8D+R%E1%BA%AFn+n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tham_khảo"><span id="Tham_kh.E1.BA.A3o"></span>Tham khảo</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sửa đổi phần “Tham khảo”" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sửa</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc&action=edit&section=8" title="Sửa mã nguồn tại đề mục: Tham khảo"><span>sửa mã nguồn</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r71936381">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70981351">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/34px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="34" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/51px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikispecies-logo.svg/68px-Wikispecies-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="941" data-file-height="1103" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><b><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a></b> có thông tin sinh học về <b><a class="external text" href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Colubridae?uselang=vi">Họ Rắn nước</a></b></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r71936381"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r70981351"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons có thêm hình ảnh và phương tiện truyền tải về <i><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Colubridae?uselang=vi">Họ Rắn nước</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/search.php?submit=Search&taxon=Colubridae">Colubridae</a> tại <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/">Reptarium.cz Reptile Database</a>. 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title="Uropeltidae">Uropeltidae</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/R%E1%BA%AFn_Viper" class="mw-redirect" title="Rắn Viper">Viperidae</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/H%E1%BB%8D_R%E1%BA%AFn_m%E1%BB%91ng" title="Họ Rắn mống">Xenopeltidae</a></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/T%E1%BA%ADp_tin:Snake_icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Snake_icon.svg/80px-Snake_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Snake_icon.svg/120px-Snake_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Snake_icon.svg/160px-Snake_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="321" data-file-height="297" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cận bộ <a href="/wiki/Scolecophidia" title="Scolecophidia">Scolecophidia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Anomalepididae" title="Anomalepididae">Anomalepididae</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Leptotyphlopidae" title="Leptotyphlopidae">Leptotyphlopidae</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Typhlopidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Typhlopidae">Typhlopidae</a>  •  <a href="/wiki/Gerrhopilidae" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerrhopilidae">Gerrhopilidae</a>  •  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Xenotyphlopidae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xenotyphlopidae (trang không tồn tại)">Xenotyphlopidae</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r70958518"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r71573313"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Thẻ_nhận_dạng_đơn_vị_phân_loại" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" 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title="wikispecies:Colubridae">Colubridae</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Animal_Diversity_Web&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Animal Diversity Web (trang không tồn tại)">ADW</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Colubridae/">Colubridae</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Australian_Faunal_Directory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Australian Faunal Directory (trang không tồn tại)">AFD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://biodiversity.org.au/afd/taxa/Colubridae">Colubridae</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barcode_of_Life_Data_Systems&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Barcode of Life Data Systems (trang không tồn tại)">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=1072">1072</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/1722">1722</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/1COLBF">1COLBF</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fauna_Europaea" title="Fauna Europaea">Fauna Europaea</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:faunaeur.org:taxname:15575">15575</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fossilworks" title="Fossilworks">Fossilworks</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/0/http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=38127">38127</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" class="mw-redirect" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/6172">6172</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/26504">26504</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">IRMNG: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=114226">114226</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=174121">174121</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Biodiversity_Network&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Biodiversity Network (trang không tồn tại)">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nbn.org.uk/Taxa/NHMSYS0000375243">NHMSYS0000375243</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" class="mw-redirect" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=8578">8578</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">uBio: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ubio.org/browser/details.php?namebankID=215814">215814</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Register_of_Marine_Species" title="World Register of Marine Species">WoRMS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=342637">342637</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r70958518"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r71573313"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Tiêu_đề_chuẩn_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sửa_dữ_liệu_tại_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182751#identifiers&#124;Sửa_dữ_liệu_tại_Wikidata" 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