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pb-3"> <div class="user-welcome"></div> <div class="login-form-wrapper-mobile"> <div class="login-form"> <div class="btn btn-sm btn-primary keep-label-space-top"> <i aria-hidden="true" class="fa fa-user"></i> Mon Compte </div> </div> </div> <div id="ad_topslot" class="pub-container text-center"> <div class="pub-placeholder"></div> </div> <div class="text-center mb-3"> <a href="/abonnement" title="Je m'abonne" data-matomo-category="CTA" data-matomo-name="Clic" data-matomo-value="Top (one column)"> <img src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/1/6/csm_banner-cta_4de68c3a6b.webp" width="728" height="90" alt="Abonnez-vous 脿 Universalis pour 1 euro" class="img-max shadow-sm"/> </a> </div> <div id="main-content"> <article class="media-landing row mb-3"> <h1 class="mb-3">Front populaire, 1936</h1> <section class="text-center"> <div class="d-inline-block"> <div class="position-relative"> <a href="#" class="media-reference-copy " data-caption-popover="" data-ucode="VI990095" data-showMediaPlayer="1"> <img id="VI990095" loading="lazy" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/d/4/csm_vi990095_567f7deec0.webp" class="figure-img rounded mx-auto media_resized" alt="Front populaire, 1936 - cr茅dits : The Image Bank" data-description="En 1934, le Parti communiste fran莽ais, dirig茅 par Maurice Thorez, change de strat茅gie. 脌 la suite de la violente manifestation des ligues, le 6 f茅vrier 1934, la gauche fran莽aise identifie les anciens combattants Croix-de-Feu du colonel de La Rocque au fascisme, et se mobilise. Poing lev茅,…" data-copyright="The Image Bank" data-caption-popover="0" width="" height=""/> </a> </div> </div> </section> <section class="fig-caption mt-3"> <p class="copyright"> <i class="fa fa-copyright me-1" aria-hidden="true"></i>The Image Bank </p> <p class="description snippet-content lead"> En 1934, le Parti communiste fran莽ais, dirig茅 par Maurice Thorez, change de strat茅gie. 脌 la suite de la violente manifestation des ligues, le 6 f茅vrier 1934, la gauche fran莽aise identifie les anciens combattants Croix-de-Feu du colonel de La Rocque au fascisme, et se mobilise. Poing lev茅, socialistes et communistes r茅clament une alliance antifasciste. Celle-ci se met progressivement en place, avec les radicaux, sous la forme d'un Front populaire, qui acc猫de au pouvoir 脿 l'issue des 茅lections du 26 avril et du 3 mai 1936. Pour la premi猫re fois de leur histoire, les socialistes, emmen茅s par L茅on Blum, dirigent un gouvernement. L'espoir suscit茅 chez les ouvriers est immense. D猫s le 11 mai 茅clate la plus grande vague de gr猫ves que la France ait connue. Pendant trois semaines, le pays est paralys茅. Les ouvriers occupent les usines, dans lesquelles la vie s'organise. L'atmosph猫re est 脿 la f锚te. La philosophe Simone Weil parle alors des " gr猫ves de la joie ". Les r茅formes sociales, ent茅rin茅es par les accords Matignon, sign茅s le 7 juin 1936, concr茅tiseront cet enthousiasme ouvrier. </p> </section> </article> <aside class="row"> <div class="col"> <h2 class="minor">Retrouvez ce media dans les articles </h2> <ul class="list-group"> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/greve/"> <span class="rg">GRÈVE</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">脡crit par <span rel="author"> Encyclop忙dia Universalis</span> et <span rel="author">H茅l猫ne SINAY</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">12 544 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">8 m茅dias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : GR&Egrave;VE" href="/encyclopedie/greve/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Gr猫ve des mineurs en Grande-Bretagne, 1984 - cr茅dits : Colin Davey/ Hulton Archive/ Getty Images" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/8/9/csm_ph998364_1adfae1a64.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p>La gr猫ve est un ph茅nom猫ne dualiste et paradoxal. Comment un ph茅nom猫ne de force peut-il 锚tre saisi dans les mailles du droit聽? Alain eut des formules pour traduire cet impossible jeu聽: 芦聽Il me semble que faire gr猫ve c'est prendre le parti de forcer聽?... Conclusion... que tout essai de libert茅, en quelque...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/edouard-daladier/"> <span class="rg">DALADIER </span><span class="pc">ÉDOUARD </span><span class="rm">(1884-1970)</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">脡crit par <span rel="author">Armel MARIN</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">1 031 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">4 m茅dias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : DALADIER &Eacute;DOUARD (1884-1970)" href="/encyclopedie/edouard-daladier/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="脡douard Daladier, 1938 - cr茅dits : Keystone/ Hulton Archive/ Getty Images" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/b/0/csm_ph998041_7d62cbe314.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p> Rest茅 dans l'histoire comme l'芦聽homme de Munich聽禄脡douard Daladier a 茅t茅 m锚l茅脿 d'autres graves 茅v茅nements. Maire de Carpentras en 1911, puis d茅put茅 en 1919, il le reste jusqu'en 1940 et le redevient de 1946 脿 1958. En 1924, il r茅dige la partie consacr茅e 脿 la D茅fense nationale du programme du ...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/troisieme-republique/"> <span class="rg">TROISIÈME RÉPUBLIQUE</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">脡crit par <span rel="author">Louis GIRARD</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">14 497 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">33 m茅dias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : TROISI&Egrave;ME R&Eacute;PUBLIQUE" href="/encyclopedie/troisieme-republique/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Thiers - cr茅dits : Universal History Archive/ Universal Images Group/ Getty Images" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/c/c/csm_ph998024_617b372831.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p> Fond茅e en r茅action contre le second Empire, la troisi猫me R茅publique, 脿 bien des 茅gards, continue l'Empire de Napol茅on聽III. Comme ce dernier, elle est port茅e par la vague du progr猫s scientifique et technique, par l'av猫nement d'une civilisation industrielle dont les <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Dans son Dictionnaire des id茅es re莽ues , Gustave Flaubert qualifie les expositions de 芦聽sujet de d茅lire du xix e 聽si猫cle聽禄, pointant ainsi un engouement pour ces manifestations qui ne s鈥檈st pas d茅menti par la suite. Nationales ou internationales, limit茅es aux seuls produits de l鈥檌ndustrie avant 1850, puis 芦聽universelles聽禄 ou th茅matiques, elles ont 茅volu茅 au fil du temps,..." title="Article : EXPOSITIONS UNIVERSELLES" href="/encyclopedie/expositions-universelles/">expositions...</a></p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/francois-de-la-rocque/"> <span class="rg">LA ROCQUE </span><span class="pc">FRANÇOIS DE </span><span class="rm">(1885-1946)</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">脡crit par <span rel="author">Jacques NOB脡COURT</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">497 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">2 m茅dias </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : LA ROCQUE FRAN&Ccedil;OIS DE (1885-1946)" href="/encyclopedie/francois-de-la-rocque/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Fran莽ois de La Rocque - cr茅dits : Tallandier/ Bridgeman Images" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/6/9/csm_ph190523_3cb372f718.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p> Fils de g茅n茅ral et fr猫re d'officiers, Fran莽ois de La Rocque sort de Saint-Cyr en 1907. Durant la Premi猫re Guerre mondiale, il se trouve dans l'Atlas marocain. Gri猫vement bless茅, en 1916, il rejoint le front de France. Apr猫s un passage 脿 l'茅tat-major du mar茅chal Foch, il suit Weygand en Pologne, au...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/croix-de-feu/"> <span class="rg">CROIX-DE-FEU</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">脡crit par <span rel="author">Jacques NOB脡COURT</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">332 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">1 m茅dia </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : CROIX-DE-FEU" href="/encyclopedie/croix-de-feu/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Front populaire, 1936 - cr茅dits : The Image Bank" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/d/4/csm_vi990095_fd0122b240.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p> 芦聽L'<a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Le terme 芦聽association聽禄 comporte deux acceptions d'ampleur diff茅rente. En un sens g茅n茅rique, il sert 脿 d茅signer tout groupement volontaire et permanent form茅 entre plusieurs personnes, quels qu'en soient la forme, l'objet ou le but. En un sens sp茅cifique, proprement juridique, il d茅signe 芦聽la convention par laquelle deux ou plusieurs personnes mettent en commun, d'une fa莽on perma..." title="Article : ASSOCIATION" href="/encyclopedie/association/">association</a> des combattants de l'avant et des bless茅s de guerre cit茅s pour action d'茅clat聽禄, dite 芦聽les Croix-de-Feu et Briscards聽禄, est cr茅茅e en 1927 par l'homme de lettres Maurice d'Hartoy pour unir les anciens combattants titulaires de la <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="On ne voit plus assez aujourd'hui que La Croix fut une r茅ussite 茅tonnante et neuve. Elle a en effet plus de cent ans, 茅tant n茅e en juin 1883 sous la forme d'un quotidien (un mensuel l'avait pr茅c茅d茅 depuis 1880). Cent ans font oublier ce qu'a repr茅sent茅 d'audace l'initiative des religieux assomptionnistes (congr茅gation cr茅茅e par le p猫re d'Alzon qui inspira La Croix , dont les fond..." title="Article : LA CROIX" href="/encyclopedie/la-croix/">croix</a> de guerre...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/leon-jouhaux/"> <span class="rg">JOUHAUX </span><span class="pc">LÉON </span><span class="rm">(1879-1954)</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">脡crit par <span rel="author">Paul CLAUDEL</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">848 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">1 m茅dia </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : JOUHAUX L&Eacute;ON (1879-1954)" href="/encyclopedie/leon-jouhaux/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Front populaire, 1936 - cr茅dits : The Image Bank" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/d/4/csm_vi990095_fd0122b240.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p> N茅脿 Aubervilliers, d'un p猫re ancien communard, employ茅 dans une manufacture de tabac, L茅on Jouhaux, apr猫s avoir obtenu son certificat d'茅tudes et pr茅par茅 l'脡cole des arts et m茅tiers, est embauch茅 d'abord dans une serrurerie聽; puis il rejoint son p猫re 脿 la manufacture. Il a alors seize ans et...</p> </div> </li> <li class="list-group-item"> <h3 class="fs-5 m-0 mt-1"> <a href="/encyclopedie/front-populaire-en-bref/"> <span class="rg">FRONT POPULAIRE, en bref</span> </a> </h3> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-1 text-muted"> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">脡crit par <span rel="author">Olivier COMPAGNON</span> </li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">203 mots</li> <li class="list-inline-item text-sm">1 m茅dia </li> </ul> <div class="d-none d-md-inline-block float-start me-3"> <a class="protected" title="Article : FRONT POPULAIRE, en bref" href="/encyclopedie/front-populaire-en-bref/"> <img class="rounded shadow" loading="lazy" alt="Front populaire, 1936 - cr茅dits : The Image Bank" width="125" height="125" src="/typo3temp/assets/_processed_/d/4/csm_vi990095_fd0122b240.webp"/> </a> </div> <div class="snippet-content mt-3"> <p> La victoire du Rassemblement populaire aux 茅lections l茅gislatives d'avril-mai 1936 est le produit de la coalition antifasciste form茅e par les socialistes, les communistes et les radicaux, 脿 la suite du 6聽f茅vrier 1934. Des quatre gouvernements de <a data-bs-toggle="popover" data-bs-content="Depuis le d茅but des ann茅es 1930, la France est confront茅e 脿 une crise multiforme, 脿 la fois 茅conomique, politique, sociale et morale, marqu茅e par une profonde d茅pression, une pouss茅e du ch么mage, une chute des revenus, une perte de confiance dans la d茅mocratie parlementaire et une impuissance des gouvernements successifs, de gauche et de droite, 脿 redresser la situation. C'est pou..." title="Article : FRONT POPULAIRE" href="/encyclopedie/front-populaire/">Front populaire</a> qui se succ猫dent entre juin...</p> </div> </li> </ul>  </div> </aside> </div> </main> <div id="bandeau-footer"> <div class="container"> <p><a href="/abonnement" title="Abonnez-vous 脿 Universalis pour 1 euro">Acc茅dez 脿 l'int茅gralit茅 d'Universalis.fr <strong>sans publicit茅</strong></a></p> </div> </div> <footer class="container footer text-center d-print-none"> <ul class="list-inline list-inline-bullet mb-2"> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="http://www.encyclopaedia-universalis.fr/" title="Encyclop忙dia Universalis" rel="noopener" target="_blank">Encyclop忙dia Universalis </a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.encyclopaedia-universalis.fr/nous-contacter/infos/" title="Contactez-nous" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">Contact</a></li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a title="Mentions l茅gales" rel="nofollow" href="/mentions-legales/">Mentions l茅gales et politique de confidentialit茅</a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://abonnement.universalis.fr/typo3conf/ext/mailer/Resources/Public/Pdf/cgv.pdf" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" title="Conditions g茅n茅rales de vente">CGV</a> </li> <li class="list-inline-item d-none d-md-inline-block"> <a href="javascript:" id="rgpd" rel="nofollow" title="Consentement RGPD">RGPD</a> </li> </ul> <p class="mb-2">Consulter le <a title="Dictionnaire de l'Encyclop忙dia Universalis" href="/dictionnaire/"> dictionnaire de l'Encyclop忙dia Universalis </a> </p> <p class="mb-3">漏 2024 Encyclop忙dia Universalis France. 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