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Advances in the Treatment of Acute Spinal Cord Injury – Neurology
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category-neurosurgery tag-acute-spinal-cord-injury tag-clinical-trials tag-inflammation tag-methylprednisolone tag-naloxone tag-neuroprotection tag-neuroregeneration tag-pharmacological-therapy" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope> <div class="inside-article"> <div class="featured-image page-header-image-single "> <img width="1200" height="628" src="https://neurocare.blog/archive/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/spinal-cord-21-1-min-scaled-e1725648439771.jpg" class="attachment-full size-full" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" /> </div> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline">Advances in the Treatment of Acute Spinal Cord Injury</h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="updated" datetime="2024-09-07T00:17:26+05:30" itemprop="dateModified">September 7, 2024</time><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-09-02T14:39:22+05:30" itemprop="datePublished">September 2, 2024</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://neurocare.blog/archive/author/neurocare/" title="View all posts by neurocare" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">neurocare</span></a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="text"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Acute spinal wire damage (SCI) remains a giant undertaking within the problem of clinical research and treatment due to the complex nature of the harm and the complex physiological mechanisms concerned within the recuperation technique. Many investigations into different medicinal and therapeutic approaches were executed over the years with the aim of enhancing neurological outcomes and the high-quality of lifestyles for people suffering from spinal cord injuries. This article explores several giant trends in the treatment of acute SCI, with a focus on statistics from current medical trials and experimental investigations.</span></p> <p><b>Introduction</b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Spinal twine harm is a devastating circumstance that would result in everlasting neurological deficits and extreme incapacity. The management of acute SCI is specially vital as early interventions can substantially impact long-term results. Historically, the remedy alternatives had been limited and regularly useless, especially due to a dire need for modern treatment plans that might mitigate the damage and sell healing. Recent research has supplied new insights into the capability of pharmacological dealers which includes methylprednisolone and naloxone, in addition to extraordinary recovery strategies, to beautify consequences following acute SCI.</span></p> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Yearwise Publication Trend on <b>“<a href="https://neurocare.blog/publication-trends/index/neurosurgery" target="_blank" title="neurosurgery - yearwise publication trends">neurosurgery</a>”</b></h2> </div> </div><div class="results-container"><div class="chart-block" style="padding:15px;"> <div class="left"> <div id="results" class="results"></div> </div> <div class="right"> <div class="chart-container"><canvas id="publicationChart"></canvas></div> </div> <div class="keywordsdiv"> <div style="text-align:center;"><b>Find publication trends on relevant topics</b> </div> <span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"></path><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z"></path></svg></span> <span id="keyword-stats"></span> </div> </div></div></div><div class="inside-article"><style> table { margin: 0 0 1.5em; 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'NA' : count; tableHTML += ` <tr> <td>${year}</td> <td>${displayCount}</td> </tr> `; }); tableHTML += '</table></div>'; resultsContainer.innerHTML = tableHTML; } function displayLineChart(statistics) { var years = Object.keys(statistics); var counts = Object.values(statistics); var ctx = document.getElementById('publicationChart').getContext('2d'); // Destroy existing chart instance if it exists if (chart !== null) { chart.destroy(); } // Create a new chart instance chart = new Chart(ctx, { type: 'line', data: { labels: years, datasets: [{ label: 'Publication Counts', data: counts, fill: false, borderColor: 'rgba(75, 192, 192, 1)', tension: 0.1 }] }, options: { scales: { y: { beginAtZero: true } }, plugins: { legend: { display: true, position: 'top' } } } }); } function displayKeywordStats(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-stats'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach((key, index) => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://neurocare.blog/publication-trends/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key} - yearwise publication trends">${key}</a>`; if (index < keywords.length - 1) { keywordHTML += ', '; } }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var statistics = { "2014": 273, "2015": 310, "2016": 405, "2017": 446, "2018": 438, "2019": 853, "2020": 1029, "2021": 1412, "2022": 1829, "2023": 2628, "2024": 868 }; var keywordsArray = ["Acute spinal cord injury","methylprednisolone","naloxone","neuroprotection","inflammation","secondary injury","neuroregeneration","pharmacological therapy","experimental models","clinical trials."]; displayResults(statistics); displayLineChart(statistics); displayKeywordStats(keywordsArray); </script></p> <p><b>Methylprednisolone Therapy</b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Methylprednisolone, a corticosteroid, has been notably studied for its capability advantages in treating acute SCI.</span> <span style="font-weight: 400;">The main method that methylprednisolone toils is by method of decreasing the threat of disease by preventing the development of further harm. Further trauma is triggered by a process which encompasses ischemia , lipid peroxidation and the trend of free radicals . Outcome has more neuronal damage </span></p> <p><b>Efficacy in Experimental Models</b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Several researches have verified the efficacy of methylprednisolone in experimental models of SCI. For example, an intensive forty eight-hour dosing routine of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) appreciably advanced neurological restoration in cats subjected to spinal cord compression trauma. The recurring consisted of an preliminary 30 mg/kg intravenous bolus, followed with the aid of more doses and a non-stop infusion to keep restoration degrees. Animals handled with MPSS showed amazing development in motor features in assessment to controls, with a robust correlation among neurological recovery and the scale of the spinal wire hollow space decided histologically.</span></p> <p><b>Clinical Trials and Outcomes</b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In scientific settings, the National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study (NASCIS) executed a multi-middle double-blind randomized trial to assess high-dose methylprednisolone remedy. The results indicated that patients treated with a 24-hour routine of methylprednisolone interior eight hours of damage exhibited excellent development in motor function and sensory restoration in assessment to those receiving reduced doses or delayed treatment.</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> </span></p> <p><b>Utilize Naloxone as a Medical Device</b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The neuroprotective presence of naloxone , an opiate antagonist, has looked into cases with acute SCI . The theory is that naloxone can elevate the outcome of endogenous opioids , which also can play an important role in the pathophysiology of SCI by different methods of complicating ischemia and neuronal harm.</span></p> <p><b>Experimental Evidence</b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Studies of the usage of animal fashions have tested blended outcomes regarding the efficacy of naloxone in promoting recuperation submit-SCI. In one check, naloxone administered to cats without delay after spinal twine trauma did not repair neurological traits as measured by using spinal evoked potentials. However, special studies have advised that immoderate-dose naloxone may enhance motor restoration and reduce spinal cord damage below effective conditions, together with even as administered the use of unique dosing protocols or shipping techniques.</span></p> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Recent Publications on <b>“<a href="https://neurocare.blog/recent-publications/index/neurosurgery" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="neurosurgery - yearwise publication list">neurosurgery</a>”</b></h2> </div> </div> <div class="pb-main"><div class="article-scroll"><div id="results_recent" class="results"></div></div><div class="keywordsdiv" style="margin: 0px 15px;margin-top:20px;"> <div style="text-align:center;"><b>Find publications on relevant topics</b> </div> <span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"></path><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z"></path></svg></span> <span id="keyword-papers"></span> </div></div></div><div class="inside-article"> <style> .pb-main{ border: solid 1px #ccc; border-top: none; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-bottom: 25px; background:#fff; } .author-main { border: solid 1px #ccc; border-top: none; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-bottom: 25px; background:#fff; } .publication-block { padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; background-color: #f9f9f9; text-align: left; background: #FFF; border-bottom: solid 1px #ccc; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 15px; } .publication-block h3 { margin: 0 0 10px; color: #000!important; } .publication-block a { font-size: 16px !important; line-height: 1em; font-weight: 600; text-transform: none; color: #000; padding: 0px; } .publication-block a:hover{ color: #227cdc; text-decoration:underline; } .article-scroll { max-height: 445px; overflow-y: auto; overflow-x: hidden; } ::-webkit-scrollbar-track { -webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 0 6px rgba(0,0,0,0.3); background-color: #efefef; border-radius:30px; } ::-webkit-scrollbar { width: 6px; background-color: #efefef; border-radius:30px; } ::-webkit-scrollbar-thumb { background-color: #ababab; border-radius:30px; } .publication-block p { margin-bottom: .5em; font-size: 15px; color: #000; } h3 { font-size: 18px !important; margin-bottom: 20px; line-height: 1.2em; font-weight: 600; text-transform: none; } a { padding: 5px; color: #a71c49; } #keyword-papers{ margin-top: 20px; text-align: center; } </style> <script> function decodeString(str) { str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); str = str.replace(/\\'/g, "'"); return str; } function displayResults_recent(papers) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('results_recent'); if (!papers || papers.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No recent publications found.</p>'; return; } papers.forEach(paper => { var publicationBlock = document.createElement('div'); publicationBlock.className = 'publication-block'; var title_de = decodeString(paper.title); var publicationHTML = ` <div style="margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 24px;"><a href="${paper.url}" target="_blank" title="${title_de}">${title_de}</a></div> <p><strong>Issue Release:</strong> ${paper.publishedDate}</p> `; publicationBlock.innerHTML = publicationHTML; resultsContainer.appendChild(publicationBlock); }); } function displayKeywordPapers(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-papers'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach((key, index) => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://neurocare.blog/recent-publications/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key} - publication list">${key}</a>`; if (index < keywords.length - 1) { keywordHTML += ', '; } }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var recent_papers = [ { "title": "7 T and beyond: toward a synergy between fMRI-based presurgical mapping at ultrahigh magnetic fields, AI, and robotic neurosurgery.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38945979", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Senior Mentorship and Scholarly Success: Assessing Influences on Successful Neurosurgery Residency Applicant\\\\\\'s H-index.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38945209", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Integrating Endovascular Techniques into Established Open Neurosurgery Practice: A Temporal Analysis of Treatment Evolution in a Dual-Trained Neurosurgical Unit.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38945298", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Animation-guided family empowerment program on perioperative care after neurosurgery: A randomized controlled trial for preventing respiratory complications.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38947361", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Bridging Minds and Machines: The Recent Advances of Brain-Computer Interfaces in Neurological and Neurosurgical Applications.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38789029", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Letter: Racial and Ethnical Diversity Within the Neurosurgery Resident and Faculty Workforce in the United States.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38953647", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Academic Neurosurgery in Nigeria- Past, Present, and Future: A Review.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38851629", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Study of the Practice of Surgical Antibiotic Prophylaxis Use for Elective Neurosurgical Cases in a Tertiary Hospital and Understanding the Rationale.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38944194", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "A robust and biodegradable hydroxyapatite\/poly(lactide--\u03b5-caprolactone) electrospun membrane for dura repair.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38841904", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Do Postsurgical Follow-Up Calls Reduce Unplanned 30-Day Readmissions in Neurosurgery Patients? A Quality Improvement Project in a University Hospital.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38763460", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Development and validation of the DBS-PS (Deep Brain Stimulation-Perception Scale): Assessing parkinsonian patients\\\\\\' expectations to prevent post-operative disappointment?", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38908172", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Neurosurgery and the glymphatic system.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38904802", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "[Trauma of the midface : Symptoms, diagnostics and treatment].", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38913183", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Three-Dimensional Printing in Surgical Education: An Updated Systematic Review of the Literature.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38861866", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "The Unequal Battlefield: Addressing Academic Racism in Neurosurgery.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38909752", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Operative Epidemiology of the First Five Years in a New African Neurosurgery Training Center: The Experience in Rural Kenya at Tenwek Hospital 2016 to 2021.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38789034", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Discernible interindividual patterns of global efficiency decline during theoretical brain surgery.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38914649", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Concerns, Perceptions, and Career Considerations of Female Medical Students Interested in Neurosurgery: A Qualitative Case Study.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38936610", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "The state of diversity among consultant neurosurgeons in the United Kingdom: open science, education and academic success.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38936615", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Sir William Macewen (1848-1924): Pioneering the Field of Neurosurgery with Early Breakthroughs in Tumor Resection.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38852713", "publishedDate": "2024" } ]; var keywordsArray = ["Acute spinal cord injury","methylprednisolone","naloxone","neuroprotection","inflammation","secondary injury","neuroregeneration","pharmacological therapy","experimental models","clinical trials."]; displayResults_recent(recent_papers); displayKeywordPapers(keywordsArray); // function stripslashes(str) { // if (typeof str === 'string') { // return str.replace(/\/g, ''); // } // } </script></p> <p><b>Clinical Trials</b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A Phase I scientific trial investigating naloxone remedy in sufferers with acute SCI indicated that better doses of the drug (as much as 2 hundred mg/square m) administered early after harm ought to probably enhance neurological consequences in some patients.</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> Despite these outcomes, the normal results assisting the efficiency of naloxone have been constant , with the need of the same examination to analyze standard quantity and administration. Other pharmacologic involvements in inclusion with methylprednisolone and naloxone other pharmacologic marketers and cure techniques are evaluated for his or her ability to enhance rehabilitation after acute SCI.</span></p> <p><b>Neuroprotective Agents</b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Neuroprotective sellers, involving with NMDA receptor antagonists and non – NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptor blockers, have proved in rehabitation of excitotoxicity and to block secondary neuronal harm.Experimental studies have validated that blockading these receptors can enhance the healing of compound movement potentials in spinal twine white matter, suggesting a shielding impact in opposition to excitotoxic harm.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Neuroprotective sellers, involving NMDA receptor antagonists and non – NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptor blockers, have proved in rehabitation of excitotoxicity and to block secondary neuronal harm.</span></p> <p><b>Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Treatment Options</b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Inflammation and oxidative strain are key components of secondary injury following SCI. Therapies concentrated on these pathways, together with the use of antioxidants and anti-inflammatory capsules, aim to reduce the volume of neurological harm and promote tissue upkeep. For example, research has proven that certain doses of methylprednisolone can prevent the growth in lactate and pyruvate stages associated with spinal twine damage, thereby lowering metabolic strain and retaining cellular characteristics.</span></p> <p><b>New Cure Techniques</b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In addition, progressed animal models and greater state-of-the-art imaging strategies will enhance our expertise of the mechanisms of spinal cord harm and the efficacy of many remedies. </span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Innovation in the cure of acute SCI is generally blooming, with new cure targets and techniques being developed. Pros in gene cure, hematopoietic stem cellular transplantation and neuroregenerative techniques assure to future improvements of patients with SCI</span></p> <p><b>Conclusion</b></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Treatment of acute spinal twine harm stays a tough task, but latest advances in pharmacological and therapeutic interventions provide hope for greater promising effects. Methylprednisolone has proven massive advantage whilst administered early, at the same time as the efficacy of naloxone and different neuroprotective sellers stays underneath investigation. Ongoing studies and scientific trials are needed to refine those treatment plans and develop new techniques to reduce the effect of spinal twine injury and improve recuperation.</span></p> <p></p> <p><b>References</b></p> <ol> <li>Braughler JM, Hall ED, Means ED, Waters TR, Anderson DK. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3598657/">Evaluation of an intensive methylprednisolone sodium succinate dosing regimen in experimental spinal cord injury.</a> J Neurosurg. 1987 Jul;67(1):102-5. doi: 10.3171/jns.1987.67.1.0102. PMID: 3598657.</li> <li>Haghighi SS, Chehrazi B. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3574614/">Effect of naloxone in experimental acute spinal cord injury. Neurosurgery.</a> 1987 Mar;20(3):385-8. doi: 10.1227/00006123-198703000-00005. PMID: 3574614.</li> <li>Black P, Markowitz RS, Keller S, Wachs K, Gillespie J, Finkelstein SD. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3808239/">Naloxone and experimental spinal cord injury: Part 1. High dose administration in a static load compression model.</a> Neurosurgery. 1986 Dec;19(6):905-8. doi: 10.1227/00006123-198612000-00004. PMID: 3808239.</li> <li>Black P, Markowitz RS, Keller S, Wachs K, Gillespie J, Finkelstein SD. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3808240/">Naloxone and experimental spinal cord injury: Part 2. Megadose treatment in a dynamic load injury model.</a> Neurosurgery. 1986 Dec;19(6):909-13. doi: 10.1227/00006123-198612000-00005. PMID: 3808240.</li> <li>Wallace MC, Tator CH. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3785589/">Failure of blood transfusion or naloxone to improve clinical recovery after experimental spinal cord injury</a>. Neurosurgery. 1986 Oct;19(4):489-94. doi: 10.1227/00006123-198610000-00001. PMID: 3785589.</li> <li>Bracken MB, Shepard MJ, Hellenbrand KG, Collins WF, Leo LS, Freeman DF, Wagner FC, Flamm ES, Eisenberg HM, Goodman JH, et al. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3903070/">Methylprednisolone and neurological function 1 year after spinal cord injury. Results of the National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study.</a> J Neurosurg. 1985 Nov;63(5):704-13. doi: 10.3171/jns.1985.63.5.0704. PMID: 3903070.</li> <li>Flamm ES, Young W, Collins WF, Piepmeier J, Clifton GL, Fischer B. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3894597/">A phase I trial of naloxone treatment in acute spinal cord injury.</a> J Neurosurg. 1985 Sep;63(3):390-7. doi: 10.3171/jns.1985.63.3.0390. PMID: 3894597.</li> <li>Braughler JM, Hall ED. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6539814/">Effects of multi-dose methylprednisolone sodium succinate administration on injured cat spinal cord neurofilament degradation and energy metabolism.</a> J Neurosurg. 1984 Aug;61(2):290-5. doi: 10.3171/jns.1984.61.2.0290. PMID: 6539814.</li> <li>Hall ED, Wolf DL, Braughler JM. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6374068/">Effects of a single large dose of methylprednisolone sodium succinate on experimental posttraumatic spinal cord ischemia.</a> Dose-response and time-action analysis. J Neurosurg. 1984 Jul;61(1):124-30. doi: 10.3171/jns.1984.61.1.0124. PMID: 6374068.</li> <li>Bracken MB, Collins WF, Freeman DF, Shepard MJ, Wagner FW, Silten RM, Hellenbrand KG, Ransohoff J, Hunt WE, Perot PL Jr, et al. <a href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6361287/">Efficacy of methylprednisolone in acute spinal cord injury.</a> JAMA. 1984 Jan 6;251(1):45-52. PMID: 6361287.</li> </ol> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Top Experts on “<b style="color:#000;font-size:22px;">neurosurgery</b>“</h2> </div> </div><div class="author-main"><div id="results_author"></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a class="register-button" href="https://neurocare.blog/expert-search" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Find experts on any field</a></div></div><div class="inside-article" style="background: none;border: none;box-shadow: none;margin-top: -70px;"> <style> .author-block { padding: 15px; margin-bottom: 10px; text-align: left; font-size: 15px; line-height: 1.2; background: #FFF; border-bottom: solid 1px #ccc; margin-left: 15px; margin-right: 15px; } .author-block h3 { margin: 0 0 10px; color: #227cdc; } .author-block p { margin: 5px 0; } .author-b { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; flex-wrap: wrap; margin-bottom:10px; } .author-b .ainfo { flex: 1 1 30%; box-sizing: border-box; text-align: left; background: #dcdcdc; padding: 7px 14px; border-radius: 5px; margin-top: 3px; margin-right: 10px; } @media (max-width: 768px) { .author-b .ainfo { flex: 1 1 100%; margin: 10px 0; } } </style> <script> function displayResults_author(authors) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('results_author'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!authors || Object.keys(authors).length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No authors found.</p>'; return; } Object.values(authors).slice(0, 10).forEach(author => { if (author.affiliation.length > 400) { return; } var authorBlock = document.createElement('div'); authorBlock.className = 'author-block'; var author_name=author.name; let key_replace = author_name.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); var authorHTML = ` <h3><a href="https://neurocare.blog/author/index/${key_replace}\/${author.aid}" target="_blank" title="${author.name}">${author.name}</a></h3> <div class="author-b"> <div class="ainfo"><strong>H-Index:</strong> ${author.hindex}</div> <div class="ainfo"><strong>Publication Count:</strong> ${author.paper_count}</div> <div class="ainfo"><strong>Citation Count:</strong> ${author.citation_count}</div> </div> <p><strong>Affiliation:</strong> ${author.affiliation}</p> `; authorBlock.innerHTML = authorHTML; resultsContainer.appendChild(authorBlock); }); } function displayKeywordAuthors(keywords) { var resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-authors'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach(key => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://neurocare.blog/expert-search/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key}">${key}</a>`; }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var authors_data = { "Tr30KowBWBy50K-rcFUa": { "aid": "Tr30KowBWBy50K-rcFUa", "name": "A. 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