Ce que j’ai appris sur le chômage après avoir postulé 215 emplois

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="fr"> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/ce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e","20190914014948","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1568425788"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" />  <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Ce que j’ai appris sur le chômage après avoir postulé 215 emplois | Le Huffington Post</title> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1000"> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge,chrome=1"/> <meta name="description" content="Ces deux dernières années en tant que mère célibataire et chômeuse ont été incroyablement difficiles, mais elles m'ont aussi montré combien je suis forte."/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d56c4953b0000df16dc8271.jpeg?cache=uOX2l1gfTj&ops=1200_630"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Le Huffington Post"/> <meta property="og:title" content="BLOG - Ce que j’ai appris sur le chômage après avoir postulé 215 emplois"/> <meta property="og:description" content="Ces deux dernières années en tant que mère célibataire et chômeuse ont été incroyablement difficiles, mais elles m'ont aussi montré combien je suis forte."/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/ce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e"/> <meta property="og:app_id" content="211284542274496"/> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="211284542274496"/> <meta property="twitter:site" content="LeHuffPost"/> <meta property="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta property="twitter:title" content="BLOG - Ce que j’ai appris sur le chômage après avoir postulé 215 emplois"/> <meta property="twitter:image" content="https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d56c4953b0000df16dc8271.jpeg?cache=uOX2l1gfTj&ops=1200_630"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Ces deux dernières années en tant que mère célibataire et chômeuse ont été incroyablement difficiles, mais elles m'ont aussi montré combien je suis forte."/> <meta property="fb:pages" content="211284542274496"/> <meta name="robots" content="noodp,noydir"/> <meta property="keywords" content="Etats-Unis,ÉCONOMIE,Emploi,Chômage,pauvreté"/> <meta property="og:image:url" content="https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d56c4953b0000df16dc8271.jpeg?cache=uOX2l1gfTj&ops=1200_630"/> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"/> <meta property="og:image:height" content="630"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="fr_FR"/> <meta property="twitter:image:width" content="1200"/> <meta property="twitter:image:height" content="630"/> <meta property="article:section" content="C'EST LA VIE"/> <meta property="article:tag" content="Etats-Unis,ÉCONOMIE,Emploi,Chômage,pauvreté"/> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2019-08-18T07:00:06+02:00"/> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2019-08-19T16:58:27+02:00"/> <meta name="can-recommend" content="true"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/unemployment-poverty-america_n_5d387f32e4b004b6adb9a15e"> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/http://schema.org", "@type": "NewsArticle", "mainEntityOfPage": { "@type": "URL", "@id": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/ce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e" }, "headline": "Ce que j\u2019ai appris sur le ch\u00f4mage apr\u00e8s avoir postul\u00e9 215 emplois", "image": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d56c4953b0000df16dc8271.jpeg?cache=uOX2l1gfTj&ops=1200_630", "width": 1200, "height": 630 }, "dateCreated": "2019-08-18T07:00:06+02:00", "datePublished": "2019-08-18T07:00:06+02:00", "dateModified": "2019-08-19T16:58:27+02:00", "author": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Nina McCollum" }, "creator": { "@type": "Person", "name": "Nina McCollum" }, "publisher": { "@type": "Organization", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr", "name": "Le Huffington Post", "logo": { "@type": "ImageObject", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/logos/hp_amp.gif", "width": 600, "height": 60 } }, "description": "Ces deux derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es en tant que m\u00e8re c\u00e9libataire et ch\u00f4meuse ont \u00e9t\u00e9 incroyablement difficiles, mais elles m'ont aussi montr\u00e9 combien je suis forte.", "articleSection": "C'EST LA VIE", "keywords": [ "Etats-Unis", "\u00c9CONOMIE", "Emploi", "Ch\u00f4mage", "pauvret\u00e9", "@chubwidget", "@translated", "@vert_cest-la-vie", "@gamp", "@blog", "type: blog" ], "inLanguage": "fr_FR", "thumbnailUrl": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d56c4953b0000df16dc8271.jpeg?cache=uOX2l1gfTj&ops=200_150", "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/ce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e" } </script> <link rel="amphtml" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://m.huffingtonpost.fr/amp/entry/ce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e/"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://m.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/ce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e"/> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/favicon.ico"> <link rel="icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon"/> <base href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948cs_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/css/vendor.min.css"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948cs_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/css/styles.min.css">  <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948js_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/js/common.min.js"></script> <link href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948cs_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/css/editions/fr.css" rel="stylesheet"/>  <meta content="app-id=306621789, app-argument=huffpostnews://?entryID=fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e" name="apple-itunes-app">  <link rel="manifest" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/manifest.json"> <script type="application/javascript" data-script="cmp-stub.js"> /* CMP 2.14.0 */ !function(e){var t={};function n(r){if(t[r])return t[r].exports;var o=t[r]={i:r,l:!1,exports:{}};return e[r].call(o.exports,o,o.exports,n),o.l=!0,o.exports}n.m=e,n.c=t,n.d=function(e,t,r){n.o(e,t)||Object.defineProperty(e,t,{configurable:!1,enumerable:!0,get:r})},n.n=function(e){var t=e&&e.__esModule?function(){return e.default}:function(){return e};return n.d(t,"a",t),t},n.o=function(e,t){return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t)},n.p="/",n(n.s=2)}({2:function(e,t){!function(){var e=!1;function t(e){var t="string"==typeof e.data,n=e.data;if(t)try{n=JSON.parse(e.data)}catch(e){}if(n&&n.__cmpCall){var r=n.__cmpCall;window.__cmp(r.command,r.parameter,function(n,o){var a={__cmpReturn:{returnValue:n,success:o,callId:r.callId}};e&&e.source&&e.source.postMessage(t?JSON.stringify(a):a,"*")})}}"function"==typeof __cmp||(window.__cmp=function(){var t=arguments;if(__cmp.a=__cmp.a||[],!t.length)return __cmp.a;"ping"===t[0]?t[2]({gdprAppliesGlobally:e,cmpLoaded:!1},!0):__cmp.a.push([].slice.apply(t))},function e(){if(document.body&&document.body.firstChild){var t=document.body,n=document.createElement("iframe");n.style.display="none",n.height=n.width=0,n.name="__cmpLocator",t.insertBefore(n,t.firstChild)}else setTimeout(e,5)}(),window.addEventListener?window.addEventListener("message",t,!1):window.attachEvent("onmessage",t))}()}}); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948cs_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/gdpr/fr-consent/fr-consent.css">  <script type="text/javascript"> window.dfpPrefix = ""; window.dfpPrefixController = {}; (function(){ var slotPrefix = "/128139881/HUFF_huffpost/economie/economie/"; var slotPrefixOverride = ""; //For FR slotPrefix = slotPrefix + "blog/"; var results = new RegExp('[\?&]dfp_test_prefix=([^&#]*)').exec(window.location.href); if (results && results[1]){ window.dfpPrefix = results[1].trim().replace(/^\/+|\/+$/g, ''); } else { slotPrefix = slotPrefixOverride || slotPrefix; window.dfpPrefix = slotPrefix; } window.ADS_CONFIG = { adUnit: window.dfpPrefix.replace(/(\s*\/*\s*)*$/g, ""), formats: { inread: { desktop: ['fluid', [2,2], [630, 355]] } } }; })(); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function(){ if (!window.ADS_CONFIG) { var __tmp1 = window.console && window.console.error("ADS_CONFIG not defined!"); } window.googletag = window.googletag || {}; window.googletag.cmd = window.googletag.cmd || []; window.googletag.slots = window.googletag.slots || {}; var utility = { addClassToNode: function(node, name) { function getNodeClassName() { return node.className.replace(/^\s*|\s*$/g, "").replace(/\s+/g, " "); } if ((getNodeClassName()).indexOf(name) === -1) { node.className = getNodeClassName() + " " + name; } } }; googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.pubads().addEventListener("slotRenderEnded", function(event) { var div = document.getElementById(event.slot.getSlotElementId()); var __tmp2 = window.console && window.console.log("Slot rendered for div: " + div.id); utility.addClassToNode(div, 'ad-rendered'); return; }); }); var targeting = {}; targeting.rub = "bpage"; var pageTags = "@blog,@chubwidget,@gamp,@translated,@vert-cest-la-vie,chomage,economie,emploi,etats-unis,pauvrete"; targeting.keywords = pageTags.split(",") //temp function get_url_query(variable) { var query = window.location.search.substring(1); var vars = query.split('&'); for (var i = 0; i < vars.length; i++) { var pair = vars[i].split('='); if (decodeURIComponent(pair[0]) == variable) { return decodeURIComponent(pair[1]); } } return ''; } var dfptest = get_url_query('dfptest'); if (dfptest !== '') { targeting.test_target = dfptest; } window.ADS_CONFIG.targets = {}; for (var k in targeting) { window.ADS_CONFIG.targets[k] = targeting[k]; } var __tmp3 = window.console && window.console.log(window.ADS_CONFIG); })(); </script> <script> var _HPJS = (function (_mod) { "use strict"; _mod.loadJS = function (src, options) { var options = options || {}; var ref = window.document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; var script = window.document.createElement("script"); script.src = src; script.async = options.async; script.defer = options.defer; ref.parentNode.insertBefore(script, ref); return script; } _mod.loadJSLater = function (url, timeout) { var ran = false; var loader = function () { if (ran) { return; } ran = true; _mod.loadJS(url, {async:true}); } window.addEventListener ? window.addEventListener("load",loader,false) : window.attachEvent && window.attachEvent("onload",loader); // in case the load event never fires setTimeout(loader, timeout || 15000); } _mod.waitForGlobal = function(identifier, cb, poll) { var test = typeof identifier === "function" ? identifier : function() { return !!window[identifier]; }; var interval; if(test()) { cb(); } else { interval = setInterval(function(){ if(test()) { cb(); clearInterval(interval); } }, poll || 50); } }; return _mod; }(_HPJS || {})); </script> <script> window.waitForGlobal = function(identifier, cb, poll) { var test = typeof identifier === "function" ? identifier : function() { return !!window[identifier]; }; var interval; if(test()) { cb(); } else { interval = setInterval(function(){ if(test()) { cb(); clearInterval(interval); } }, poll || 50); } }; window.modulousQueue = (function() { var queue = []; var run = false; function runner(fn) { setTimeout(function(){ try { fn(); } catch (e) { } }, 0); } return { add: function(fn) { var _tmp1 = !run && queue.push(fn); var _tmp2 = run && runner(fn); }, runAll: function() { var i = 0; run = true; for(;i<queue.length;i++) { runner(queue[i]); } queue = []; } }; }()); setTimeout(function(){ waitForGlobal('jQuery', modulousQueue.runAll); }, 5000); </script> <meta name="taboola.category" content="economie"/>  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948js_/https://s.yimg.com/ss/rapid3.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.rapidConfig = {"spaceid":1197803189,"keys":{"ver":"huffpostcms","st_sec":"fr.hpmg","pt":"content","pct":"story","paid":"the_huffington_post_584=hpo:5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e","p_sec":"cest-la-vie"},"nonanchor_track_class":"yr-track","async_all_clicks":true}; var guce_referrer = getQueryStringParameter(window.location.href, "guce_referrer_us"); if (guce_referrer) { window.rapidConfig.referrer = base64Url_decode(guce_referrer); } if (window.Tracking.cobrand) { window.rapidConfig.keys['pl1'] = window.Tracking.cobrand; } window.RapidInstance = new window.YAHOO.i13n.Rapid(window.rapidConfig); </script>  <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-71081-1', 'auto'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script>   <script type="text/javascript" src="//web.archive.org/web/20190914014948js_/https://tag.aticdn.net/494071/smarttag.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var ATTag = new ATInternet.Tracker.Tag({ log: 'logc2', logSSL: 'logs13', secure: true, site: 494071, domain: 'xiti.com' }); var customObject = { page_type: 'Article', vertical: 11, page_name: 'Ce que j’ai appris sur le chômage après avoir postulé 215 emplois' }; customObject.tags = {"tag1":"etats-unis","tag2":"economie","tag3":"emploi","tag4":"chomage","tag5":"pauvrete"}; (function () { 'use strict'; ATTag.page.send({ customObject: customObject }); }) (); </script>  <script> window.twttr = (function(d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], t = window.twttr || {}; if (d.getElementById(id)) return t; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.src = "//web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); t._e = []; t.ready = function(f) { t._e.push(f); }; return t; }(document, "script", "twitter-wjs")); </script> <script async defer src="//web.archive.org/web/20190914014948js_/https://platform.instagram.com/en_US/embeds.js"></script> </head><body class="country-fr locale-fr_FR page--skin-life entry"> <div id="fb-root"></div> <script>(function (d, s, id) { var js, fjs = d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0]; if (d.getElementById(id)) return; js = d.createElement(s); js.id = id; js.async = true; js.src = "//web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://connect.facebook.net/fr_FR/sdk.js#xfbml=1&version=v2.10&appId=211284542274496"; fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js, fjs); }(document, 'script', 'facebook-jssdk')); </script>  <div id="modulous_top_1x1" class="ad_spot"> <div id="cover" data-format="cover" class="ad-top_1x1 dfp-slot "></div><div id="habillage" data-format="habillage" class="ad-top_1x1 dfp-slot "></div> </div> <div class="left-nav yr-life-left-nav" role="menu"> <div class="left-nav__header"> <button aria-label="Close Menu" class="hamburger-close hamburger-close-button" type="button"></button> <div class="nav-editions yr-life-editions"> <ul class="nav-editions__dropdown"> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=AU" data-edition="au"> Australia </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=BR" data-edition="br"> Brasil </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=CA" data-edition="ca"> Canada </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=ES" data-edition="es"> España </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item nav-editions__dropdown__item--selected"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=FR" data-edition="fr"> France </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=GR" data-edition="gr"> Ελλάδα (Greece) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=IN" data-edition="in"> India </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=IT" data-edition="it"> Italia </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=JP" data-edition="jp"> 日本 (Japan) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=KR" data-edition="kr"> 한국 (Korea) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=MG" data-edition="mg"> Maghreb </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=QC" data-edition="qc"> Québec (en français) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=UK" data-edition="uk"> United Kingdom </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=US" data-edition="us"> United States </a> </li> </ul> <div class="nav-editions__buttons"><a class="nav-editions__buttons__current nav-editions-open-button yr-life-editions-open" data-s-text="France" href="#">France</a> <a class="nav-editions__buttons__close nav-editions-close-button" href="#">FERMER</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="left-nav__body"> <form class="nav-search" action="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/search/" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"> <i class="icon-Nav_Search_Life"></i> <a href="#" class="nav-search__cancel nav-search-close-button"></a> <input type="text" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Rechercher sur Le HuffPost" class="nav-search__keywords" id="left-nav-search-input" name="keywords"></form> <ul class="left-nav-menu yr-life-sections"> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/politique/">Politique</a> <ul class="left-nav-menu__subitems"> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/emmanuel-macron/" target="_self"> Emmanuel Macron </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/elections-municipales/" target="_self"> Municipales 2020 </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/sondages/" target="_self"> Sondages </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/assemblee-nationale/" target="_self"> Assemblée nationale </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/police/" target="_self"> Police </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/terrorisme/" target="_self"> Terrorisme </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/justice/" target="_self"> Justice </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/gilets-jaunes/" target="_self"> Gilets jaunes </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/lrem/" target="_self"> LREM </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/paris/" target="_self"> Paris </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/international/">International</a> <ul class="left-nav-menu__subitems"> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/donald-trump/" target="_self"> Donald Trump </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/etats-unis/" target="_self"> Etats-Unis </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/elections-americaines/" target="_self"> Election américaine </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/europe/" target="_self"> Europe </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/brexit/" target="_self"> Brexit </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/afrique/" target="_self"> Afrique </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/asie/" target="_self"> Asie </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/environnement/" target="_self"> Environnement </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/rechauffement-climatique/" target="_self"> Réchauffement climatique </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/economie/">Économie</a> <ul class="left-nav-menu__subitems"> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/techno/" target="_self"> Techno </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/impots/" target="_self"> Impots </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/immobilier/" target="_self"> Immobilier </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/chomage/" target="_self"> Chômage </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/emploi/" target="_self"> Emploi </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/smartphones/" target="_self"> Smartphones </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/objets-connectes/" target="_self"> Objets connectés </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/cest-la-vie/">C'est La Vie</a> <ul class="left-nav-menu__subitems"> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/bien-etre/" target="_self"> Bien-être </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/alimentation/" target="_self"> Alimentation </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/forme/" target="_self"> Forme </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/sexualite/" target="_self"> Sexualité </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/voyage/" target="_self"> Voyage </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/femmes/" target="_self"> Femmes </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/parents/" target="_self"> Parents </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/psychologie/" target="_self"> Psycho </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/sante/" target="_self"> Santé </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/temoignage/" target="_self"> Témoignage </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/culture/">Culture</a> <ul class="left-nav-menu__subitems"> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/cinema/" target="_self"> Cinéma </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/series-tele/" target="_self"> Séries télé </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/musique/" target="_self"> Musique </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/jeux-video/" target="_self"> Jeux vidéo </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/livres/" target="_self"> Livres </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/art/" target="_self"> Art </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/science/" target="_self"> Science </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/people/" target="_self"> People </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/le-bon-choix/">Le Bon Choix</a> <ul class="left-nav-menu__subitems"> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/le-bon-choix-smartphones-et-high-tech/" target="_self"> Smartphone et high tech </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/le-bon-choix-jeux-et-jouets/" target="_self"> Jeux et jouets </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/le-bon-choix-bien-etre-et-hygiene/" target="_self"> Bien être et hygiène </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/le-bon-choix-cuisine-et-electromenager/" target="_self"> Cuisine et électroménager </a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/video/">Le Huffplay</a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="left-nav-menu__item__link" href="#">Plus</a> <ul class="left-nav-menu__subitems"> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/le-bon-lien/" target="_self"> Le bon lien </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/cest-demain/" target="_self"> C'est demain </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/ca-marche/" target="_self"> Ça marche </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/vie-de-bureau/" target="_self"> Vie de bureau </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/medias/" target="_self"> Médias </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/reseaux-sociaux/" target="_self"> Réseaux sociaux </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/mode/" target="_self"> Mode </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/insolite/" target="_self"> Insolite </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/animaux/" target="_self"> Animaux </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/sport/" target="_self"> Sport </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/faits-divers/" target="_self"> Faits divers </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/jouets/" target="_self"> Jouets </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/jeux-de-societe/" target="_self"> Jeux de société </a> </li> <li class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item"><a class="left-nav-menu__subitems__item__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/electromenager/" target="_self"> Electroménager </a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="left-nav__footer"> <div class="left-nav__footer__social"> <div class="social-buttons social-buttons--left-nav"> <div class="social-buttons__label"> Suivez-nous </div> <div class="social-buttons__icons yr-life-social-list"> <a class="social-list__item social-list__item--facebook icon-Social_Facebook_Circle yr-social-list-item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://facebook.com/LeHuffPost" data-social-overlay="top-nav__facebook-overlay" data-social-name="facebook" aria-label="Suivez-nous sur facebook" target="_blank"></a><a class="social-list__item social-list__item--twitter icon-Social_Twitter_Circle yr-social-list-item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://twitter.com/LeHuffPost" data-social-overlay="top-nav__twitter-overlay" data-social-name="twitter" aria-label="Suivez-nous sur twitter" target="_blank"></a><a class="social-list__item social-list__item--instagram icon-Social_Instagram_Circle yr-social-list-item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.instagram.com/lehuffpost/" data-social-overlay="top-nav__instagram-overlay" data-social-name="instagram" aria-label="Suivez-nous sur instagram" target="_blank"></a><a class="social-list__item social-list__item--flipboard icon-Social_Flipboard_Circle yr-social-list-item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://flipboard.com/@LeHuffpost" data-social-overlay="top-nav__flipboard-overlay" data-social-name="flipboard" aria-label="Suivez-nous sur flipboard" target="_blank"></a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="left-nav__footer__links"> <a class="left-nav__footer__links__item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/p/conditions-generales.html">Termes</a> | <a class="left-nav__footer__links__item" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/p/charte-de-confidentialite">Règles de respect de la vie privée</a> </div> <div class="left-nav__footer__copyright"> Fait partie de <b>HuffPost News</b> </div> </div> </div> <div class="page-wrapper">  <div id="modulous_pushdown" class="ad_spot desktop-only"> </div> <div class="master-container"> <header id="desktop__main_header" class="header header_skin_life js-header" role="banner"> <nav class="header__content yr-masthead"> <ul class="nav-icons"> <li class="nav-icons__item"> <a class="nav-icons__item__link hamburger-nav hamburger-open-button yr-hamburger-open icon-Nav_Hamburger" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/" aria-label="Le Huffington Post"></a> </li> <li class="nav-icons__item nav-icons__search"> <form class="nav-search" action="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/search/" accept-charset="UTF-8" method="get"> <i class="icon-Nav_Search_Life"></i> <a href="#" class="nav-search__cancel nav-search-close-button"></a> <input type="text" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Rechercher sur Le HuffPost" class="nav-search__keywords" id="header-search-input" name="keywords"></form> <a class="nav-icons__item__link icon-Nav_Search_Life nav-search-open-button yr-search-open" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/search/" aria-label="Rechercher"></a> </li> </ul> <div class="header__item header__logo"> <a class="logo yr-logo" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/"> <img alt="The Huffington Post" class="logo__img" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/images/logos/HuffPost.svg"> </a> </div> </nav> <nav class="top-nav yr-nav"> <div class="top-nav__inner"> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--politique yr-nav-item" data-edition="france" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="politique"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Politique" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/politique/"> <span>Politique</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--international yr-nav-item" data-edition="france" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="international"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="International" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/international/"> <span>International</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--economie yr-nav-item" data-edition="france" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="economie"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Économie" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/economie/"> <span>Économie</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--c-est-la-vie yr-nav-item" data-edition="france" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="c-est-la-vie"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="C'est La Vie" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/cest-la-vie/"> <span>C'est La Vie</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--culture yr-nav-item" data-edition="france" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="culture"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Culture" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/culture/"> <span>Culture</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--le-bon-choix yr-nav-item" data-edition="france" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="le-bon-choix"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Le Bon Choix" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/le-bon-choix/"> <span>Le Bon Choix</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--le-huffplay yr-nav-item" data-edition="france" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="le-huffplay"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Le Huffplay" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/video/"> <span>Le Huffplay</span> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nav-editions yr-life-editions"> <ul class="nav-editions__dropdown"> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=AU" data-edition="au"> Australia </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=BR" data-edition="br"> Brasil </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=CA" data-edition="ca"> Canada </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=ES" data-edition="es"> España </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item nav-editions__dropdown__item--selected"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=FR" data-edition="fr"> France </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=GR" data-edition="gr"> Ελλάδα (Greece) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=IN" data-edition="in"> India </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=IT" data-edition="it"> Italia </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=JP" data-edition="jp"> 日本 (Japan) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=KR" data-edition="kr"> 한국 (Korea) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=MG" data-edition="mg"> Maghreb </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=QC" data-edition="qc"> Québec (en français) </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=UK" data-edition="uk"> United Kingdom </a> </li> <li class="nav-editions__dropdown__item"> <a class="yr-edition-link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/?country=US" data-edition="us"> United States </a> </li> </ul> <div class="nav-editions__buttons"><a class="nav-editions__buttons__current nav-editions-open-button yr-life-editions-open" data-s-text="France" href="#">France</a> <a class="nav-editions__buttons__close nav-editions-close-button" href="#">FERMER</a> </div> </div> <div class="top-nav-sticky top-nav-sticky--a-page bounceInDown hide "> <nav class="top-nav--front-page top-nav--sticky"> <div class="top-nav__inner"> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--politique yr-nav-item" data-edition="france" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="politique"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Politique" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/politique/"> <span>Politique</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--international yr-nav-item" data-edition="france" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="international"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="International" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/international/"> <span>International</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--economie yr-nav-item" data-edition="france" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="economie"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Économie" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/economie/"> <span>Économie</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--c-est-la-vie yr-nav-item" data-edition="france" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="c-est-la-vie"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="C'est La Vie" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/cest-la-vie/"> <span>C'est La Vie</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--culture yr-nav-item" data-edition="france" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="culture"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Culture" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/culture/"> <span>Culture</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--le-bon-choix yr-nav-item" data-edition="france" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="le-bon-choix"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Le Bon Choix" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/le-bon-choix/"> <span>Le Bon Choix</span> </a> </div> <div class="top-nav__item top-nav__item--le-huffplay yr-nav-item" data-edition="france" data-s-type="section" data-s-value="le-huffplay"> <a class="top-nav__item__link yr-life-nav-item-link" data-s-text="Le Huffplay" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/video/"> <span>Le Huffplay</span> </a> </div> </div> </nav> <ul class="nav-icons"> <li class="nav-icons__item"> <a class="nav-icons__item__link hamburger-nav hamburger-open-button yr-hamburger-open icon-Nav_Hamburger" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/" aria-label="Le Huffington Post"></a> </li> <li class="nav-icons__item nav-icons__item--logo"> <a class="nav-icons__item__link yr-logo" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/" aria-label="Le Huffington Post"> <i class="icon-Social-HuffPost"></i> <img alt="The Huffington Post" class="nav-icons__item__logo" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/images/logos/HuffPost.svg"> </a> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </header> <div class="inner-container row" role="main"> <div class="body-splash">  <div id="modulous_leaderboard_flex" class="ad_spot desktop-only sticky-advertisement"><style type="text/css"> #topnav_margin_btm { margin: 0 !important; } </style> <div id="ad_leaderboard_flex" class="ad_wrapper_"><div id="banniere_haute" data-format="banniere_haute" class="ad-leaderboard_flex dfp-slot "></div></div> <script type="text/javascript">if (typeof HPAds !== 'undefined') { HPAds.ad_onload('div[id^="ad_leaderboard_flex"] iframe','HPAds.ad_uac_onload_handler(\' iframe[class^="uac_"]\',this,\'bottom_ad_border_div\',10)'); }</script></div>  <div id="modulous_splash_takeover" class="ad_spot"></div> </div> <div class="page__content"> <article> <header class="entry__header yr-entry-header"> <a class="entry-eyebrow" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/cest-la-vie/"><span>C'EST LA VIE</span></a> <div class="timestamp"> <span class="timestamp__date timestamp__date--published"> 18/08/2019 07:00 CEST </span> <span class="timestamp__separator">|</span> <span class="timestamp__date timestamp__date--modified"> <strong>Actualisé</strong> 19/08/2019 16:58 CEST </span> </div> <div class="headline"> <h1 class="headline__title">Ce que j’ai appris sur le chômage après avoir postulé 215 emplois</h1> <h2 class="headline__subtitle">Ces deux dernières années en tant que mère célibataire et chômeuse ont été incroyablement difficiles, mais elles m'ont aussi montré combien je suis forte.</h2> <div class="headline__stroke" style="background-color: #0dbe98"></div> </div> <div class="share-bar share-bar--sticky yr-share"> <script id="share-bar__social-mob" type="text/template"><ul class="share-bar__list"><li class="facebook share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Facebook yr-share-item" data-social-name="facebook" aria-label="Share on Facebook" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.fr%2Fentry%2Fce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e%3Fncid%3Dother_facebook_eucluwzme5k%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_facebook" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="twitter share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Twitter yr-share-item" data-social-name="twitter" aria-label="Share on Twitter" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.fr%2Fentry%2Fce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e%3Fncid%3Dother_twitter_cooo9wqtham%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_twitter&text=BLOG%20-%20Ce%20que%20j%E2%80%99ai%20appris%20sur%20le%20ch%C3%B4mage%20apr%C3%A8s%20avoir%20postul%C3%A9%20215%20emplois" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="email share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Mail yr-share-item" data-social-name="email" aria-label="Share on Email" href="mailto:?subject=Ce%20que%20j%E2%80%99ai%20appris%20sur%20le%20ch%C3%B4mage%20apr%C3%A8s%20avoir%20postul%C3%A9%20215%20emplois%20%7C%20Le%20Huffington%20Post&body=Article: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.fr%2Fentry%2Fce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e%3Fncid%3Dother_email_o63gt2jcad4%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_email" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="sms share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_SMS yr-share-item" data-social-name="sms" aria-label="Share on Sms" href="sms:?body=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.fr%2Fentry%2Fce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e%3Fncid%3Dother_sms_u4atw3wyfke%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_sms" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="pinterest share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Pinterest yr-share-item" data-social-name="pinterest" aria-label="Share on Pinterest" data-pin-custom="true" data-pin-media="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=236%2C168&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5d56c4953b0000df16dc8271.jpeg%3Fcache%3DuOX2l1gfTj&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=3f9d0decf9a05ca9c0ddba4efe4351bddd843de2" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://pinterest.com/pin/create/link/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.fr%2Fentry%2Fce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e%3Fncid%3Dother_pinterest_fs145zajjbm%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_pinterest" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="tumblr share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Tumblr yr-share-item" data-social-name="tumblr" aria-label="Share on Tumblr" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.tumblr.com/share/link?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.fr%2Fentry%2Fce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e%3Fncid%3Dother_tumblr_e5pvwjig3j0%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_tumblr&name=Ce%20que%20j%E2%80%99ai%20appris%20sur%20le%20ch%C3%B4mage%20apr%C3%A8s%20avoir%20postul%C3%A9%20215%20emplois%20%7C%20Le%20Huffington%20Post" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="whatsapp share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_WhatsApp yr-share-item" data-social-name="whatsapp" aria-label="Share on Whatsapp" data-action="share/whatsapp/share" href="whatsapp://send?text=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.fr%2Fentry%2Fce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e%3Fncid%3Dother_whatsapp_catgqis0hqm%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_whatsapp" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="linkedin share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Linkedin yr-share-item" data-social-name="linkedin" aria-label="Share on Linkedin" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.fr%2Fentry%2Fce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e" target="_blank"></a></li></ul></script> <ul class="share-bar__list"><li class="facebook share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Facebook yr-share-item" data-social-name="facebook" aria-label="Share on Facebook" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.fr%2Fentry%2Fce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e%3Fncid%3Dother_facebook_eucluwzme5k%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_facebook" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="twitter share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Twitter yr-share-item" data-social-name="twitter" aria-label="Share on Twitter" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.fr%2Fentry%2Fce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e%3Fncid%3Dother_twitter_cooo9wqtham%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_twitter&text=BLOG%20-%20Ce%20que%20j%E2%80%99ai%20appris%20sur%20le%20ch%C3%B4mage%20apr%C3%A8s%20avoir%20postul%C3%A9%20215%20emplois" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="pinterest share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Pinterest yr-share-item" data-social-name="pinterest" aria-label="Share on Pinterest" data-pin-custom="true" data-pin-media="https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=236%2C168&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5d56c4953b0000df16dc8271.jpeg%3Fcache%3DuOX2l1gfTj&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=3f9d0decf9a05ca9c0ddba4efe4351bddd843de2" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://pinterest.com/pin/create/link/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.fr%2Fentry%2Fce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e%3Fncid%3Dother_pinterest_fs145zajjbm%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_pinterest" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="linkedin share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Linkedin yr-share-item" data-social-name="linkedin" aria-label="Share on Linkedin" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.fr%2Fentry%2Fce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e" target="_blank"></a></li><li class="email share-bar__item"><a class="share-bar__item-link icon-Social_Mail yr-share-item" data-social-name="email" aria-label="Share on Email" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/mailto:/?subject=Ce%20que%20j%E2%80%99ai%20appris%20sur%20le%20ch%C3%B4mage%20apr%C3%A8s%20avoir%20postul%C3%A9%20215%20emplois%20%7C%20Le%20Huffington%20Post&body=Article: https%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.fr%2Fentry%2Fce-que-jai-appris-sur-le-chomage-et-la-pauvrete-apres-avoir-postule-a-215-emplois_fr_5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e%3Fncid%3Dother_email_o63gt2jcad4%26utm_campaign%3Dshare_email" target="_blank"></a></li></ul></div> <div class="author-byline yr-byline"> <ul class="author-list "> <li class="author-card yr-author-card"> <a href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/author/nina-mccollum" class="bn-author-image bn-clickable yr-author-image" aria-label="More from Nina McCollum"> <div class="author-card__headshot" style="background-image: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d56c40d2400003800b8cc0a.jpg?ops=50_50);"></div> </a> <div class="author-card__details"> <span class="author-card__details-container"> <a class="author-card__details__name" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/author/nina-mccollum"> <span class="author-card__details__name"> Par Nina McCollum </span> </a> </span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </header> <div class="page__content__row row--no-border"> <div class="col col--body-center"> <div class="entry__below-entry"> <div class="entry__content js-entry-content"> <div class="entry__body" data-part="contents">  <div id="sharebox_260x60" class="advertisement sharebox_260x60 ad_spot desktop-only"> </div> <div class="post-contents yr-entry-text"><figure class="content-list-component image"> <span class="share-bar-image-wrapper"><img class="image__src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d3896543b00003900dad5ac.jpeg?ops=scalefit_630_noupscale" aria-label="Nina McCollum a perdu son dernier emploi à plein temps en" alt="Nina McCollum a perdu son dernier emploi à plein temps en"> <div class="share-bar share-bar--instream"> <div class="share-bar__item pinterest" data-type="pinterest"> <a class="share-bar__item-link entry__link--omit icon-Social_Pinterest" data-pin-custom="true" href="" target="_blank"> </a> </div> </div> </span><div class="image__meta-wrapper"><span class="image__credit">Avec l’aimable autorisation de Nina McCollum</span><figcaption class="image__caption">Nina McCollum a perdu son dernier emploi à plein temps en 2017.</figcaption></div></figure><div class="content-list-component text"><p>Ce mois-ci, cela va faire deux ans que j’ai perdu le poste à plein temps que j’avais occupé dans la communication pendant 15 ans. Cette perte a eu un effet dévastateur, d’autant qu’elle a coïncidé avec la fin d’une relation à distance qui durait depuis quatre ans. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/mere-celibataire/">Mère célibataire</a>, je me suis retrouvée seule sans économies ni filet de sécurité. </p><p>La dernière fois que j’avais perdu mon emploi à l’occasion d’un licenciement économique en 2003, j’avais été serveuse le temps de retrouver un travail de bureau à temps plein. En raison de problèmes de dos (discopathie dégénérative, scoliose et sténose spinale), je ne suis hélas plus capable de rester debout de longues heures. J’ai cherché à obtenir une pension d’invalidité, mais je percevais trop d’allocations chômage pour y avoir droit. </p><p>J’avais beau être un peu inquiète, j’étais certaine de retrouver <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/emploi/">un emploi</a> bien avant la fin de mon année d’allocations <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/news/chomage/">chômage</a>. En plus d’être diplômée et expérimentée, je me considère comme une personne intelligente, travailleuse, responsable, passionnée par ce qu’elle fait, aussi autonome qu’à l’aise en équipe. Je suis une battante et je possède de très bonnes références. J’ai toujours passé les entretiens avec plaisir et décroché facilement des emplois. Je me suis donc lancée dans mes recherches bien plus activement que ne le nécessitaient les deux démarches hebdomadaires exigées par l’agence pour l’emploi. </p><p>Mais le marché du travail n’est plus du tout le même qu’en 2003. </p></div><blockquote class="content-list-component pull-quote">De très grandes entreprises comme Google tirent ainsi profit de travailleurs qui viennent chaque jour au bureau, à l’instar de salariés à temps plein, sans bénéficier de l’assurance maladie ni du régime de retraite.</blockquote><div class="content-list-component text"><p>Le ‘ghosting’ (c’est-à-dire le fait pour un employeur potentiel de laisser le candidat sans aucune nouvelle après un entretien) et l’âgisme sont terribles pour les milliers de personnes au chômage ou sous-employées. De même que l’économie des petits boulots, qui voit les entreprises avoir recours à des travailleurs contractuels sur de courtes périodes, ce qui leur évite d’accroître leur effectif et de verser des prestations sociales. Dans une entreprise où j’ai travaillé en intérim, j’ai rencontré une fille qui était graphiste “contractuelle” depuis cinq ans. Elle ne savait jamais quand elle allait être appelée ni pour combien de temps. Sans revenu régulier, il lui était difficile de payer ses factures, mais elle ne pouvait pas non plus s’établir en indépendante puisqu’elle n’aurait pas été suffisamment disponible en cas d’appel de l’entreprise. </p>  <div id="entry_paragraph_4" data-label-height="50" class="advertisement-holder entry-paragraph-ad entry-body--paragraph-ad"> <div class="advertisement-label align-center disable-highlight-popup"></div> <div class="ad_spot "> <div id="inread" data-format="inread" class="ad-entry_paragraph_4 dfp-slot "></div> </div> </div> <p>On m’a proposé un jour un emploi à peine légal de “travailleur indépendant à temps plein”, pratique contre laquelle le ministère du Travail américain sévit de plus en plus. De très grandes entreprises comme Google tirent ainsi profit de travailleurs qui viennent chaque jour au bureau, à l’instar de salariés à temps plein, sans bénéficier de l’assurance maladie ni du régime de retraite. Pour éviter de les embaucher, les employeurs passent parfois par des agences d’intérim et les travailleurs deviennent ainsi des “employés” de ces agences, sans protection ni avantages. Ce genre de salariat déguisé qui ne présente que des avantages pour l’employeur tend à se généraliser avec la multitude de chômeurs prêts à tout accepter, alimentant ainsi le cercle vicieux qui consiste pour les entreprises à faire appel à des travailleurs quand ça les arrange, sans avoir à investir ni à s’engager à leur égard. </p><p>J’ai continué à chercher un emploi à temps plein tout en travaillant en indépendante dès que l’occasion se présentait. J’aimais travailler à la maison en tenue décontractée, manger un déjeuner fraîchement cuisiné devant un DVD emprunté à la bibliothèque plutôt qu’avaler un plat congelé à mon bureau, le nez dans mon travail. La présence de collègues me manquait, mais l’équilibre vie professionnelle-vie privée était parfait. Je me disais que mon prochain CDI n’allait pas tarder, mais plus les mois passaient, plus j’en doutais.</p></div><blockquote class="content-list-component pull-quote">À ce jour, j’ai postulé à plus de 215 emplois, y compris à temps partiel, en CCD ou en intérim, aussi bien localement qu’à l’échelle du pays.</blockquote><div class="content-list-component text"><p>J’ai continué à postuler. J’ai contacté des agences de marketing et de relations publiques. J’ai fait du réseautage, diversifié mon profil Linkedin, travaillé avec des chasseurs de têtes, je me suis inscrite dans des agences d’intérim. Je passais des entretiens d’embauche très positifs, où l’on me qualifiait de candidate idéale. Après m’avoir présenté toute l’équipe, on me disait qu’on me rappellerait sans faute et que je correspondais en tous points au profil recherché, et puis je n’avais plus aucune nouvelle. Chaque jour, des milliers de candidats se plaignent sur Internet du fait que le ‘ghosting’ fait désormais partie intégrante du processus de recherche d’emploi. C’est dur de ne pas se laisser décourager. </p><p>À ce jour, j’ai postulé plus de 215 emplois (je tiens un registre), y compris à temps partiel, en CDD ou en intérim, aussi bien localement qu’à l’échelle du pays. Il s’agit essentiellement de travail dans l’écriture et la communication, mais pas seulement. J’ai postulé pour des travaux de transcription, mais comme je suis malentendante, j’ai raté les tests. J’ai envoyé ma candidature pour être secrétaire, bien que je n’aie pas fait ce genre de boulot depuis plus de 15 ans. Il ne m’a jamais été proposé un seul entretien pour ce type de postes. Les agences de recrutement m’ont dit que j’étais “trop expérimentée” (traduction: trop vieille). Ils cherchent des jeunes prêts à travailler pour la moitié de ce que je touchais au chômage. Ç’aurait été plus facile de me contenter de mes deux candidatures hebdomadaires, mais je savais que mes allocations chômage ne dureraient pas éternellement. </p><p>Parallèlement à ma recherche d’emploi, j’ai petit à petit consolidé mon activité d’auto-entrepreneuse. J’ai fait marcher mon réseau. J’ai demandé des références et des recommandations. J’ai rappelé ceux qui m’avaient déjà donné du travail. Mes amis m’ont beaucoup aidée. Dès que leur entreprise recherchait un rédacteur pour un projet, ils me confiaient le travail et me faisaient suivre la moindre piste. J’ai reçu beaucoup de compliments sur mon travail de la part de clients qui m’ont redonné confiance en moi. J’ai commencé à me dire que je pourrais m’en sortir en tant qu’indépendante. </p><p>J’ai également réduit mes frais au maximum. Quand on travaille chez soi, qu’on ne sort pas déjeuner (ou boire un verre, ou dîner) et qu’on n’a pas besoin d’être bien habillée et maquillée chaque jour, les dépenses diminuent nettement. </p><p>Au bout d’un an, j’ai répondu à la question que je m’étais posée au début de ma recherche d’emploi: et si plus personne ne m’embauche en tant que salariée à temps plein? Comment vais-je faire pour vivre, pour m’en sortir? </p><p>Deux ans plus tard, j’ai beaucoup appris et j’aimerais vous offrir quelques conseils:</p><p><strong><span style="background-color: initial; font-size: 16.003px;">1. </span>Demandez les aides auxquelles vous avez droit.</strong> Avant tout, n’ayez pas honte de dépendre des aides sociales ou d’être pauvre. Les pauvres ne sont pas des paresseux ou des ratés. J’ai grandi dans le dénuement et j’ai brièvement bénéficié de bons alimentaires après mon diplôme universitaire, donc j’ai su demander de l’aide tout de suite. Je l’ai fait dès le jour où j’ai perdu mon travail. Des ressources existent, que vous ne connaissez sans doute pas pour la plupart. Avec les bons alimentaires, on m’a donné une liste de banques alimentaires. S’y rendre peut prendre beaucoup de temps et il arrive que la nourriture soit périmée, mais cela m’a permis d’en obtenir une bonne quantité. J’ai aussi fait des réserves de produits tels que le dentifrice, le liquide-vaisselle, la crème dépilatoire, qu’on ne peut pas acheter par le biais du programme d’aide alimentaire. J’allais dans chaque banque à tour de rôle, une fois par mois, comme j’y étais autorisée. L’esprit de solidarité qui règne dans ces lieux est difficile à mettre en mots.</p><p>J’ai surmonté les périodes difficiles en tenant un blog. Je me suis inscrite à l’ACA (l’‘Obamacare’) quand mon assurance santé a pris fin, et au programme d’aide financière de l’hôpital pour les soins non pris en charge par l’ACA. J’ai été couverte par le régime Medicaid le jour où je n’ai plus touché d’allocations chômage. Je suis allée me faire soigner les dents dans un dispensaire (NB: pratiquement aucun dentiste n’accepte les patients Medicaid). J’ai obtenu une indemnité d’urgence réservée aux écrivains qui m’a permis de payer mon loyer une fois. Renseignez-vous auprès des services publics proches de votre domicile sur les formations professionnelles et les aides auxquelles vous pouvez prétendre.</p></div><figure class="content-list-component image"> <span class="share-bar-image-wrapper"><img class="image__src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d3896da3b00004d00dad5ae.png?ops=scalefit_630_noupscale" aria-label="Nina McCollum et son chien," alt="Nina McCollum et son chien,"> <div class="share-bar share-bar--instream"> <div class="share-bar__item pinterest" data-type="pinterest"> <a class="share-bar__item-link entry__link--omit icon-Social_Pinterest" data-pin-custom="true" href="" target="_blank"> </a> </div> </div> </span><div class="image__meta-wrapper"><span class="image__credit">Avec l’aimable autorisation de Nina McCollum</span><figcaption class="image__caption">Nina McCollum et son chien, Indigo.</figcaption></div></figure><div class="content-list-component text"><p><strong>2. Cherchez de l’aide sur le plan affectif.</strong> Le stress consécutif à un chômage chronique et à la pauvreté fait beaucoup de dégâts. Après avoir été submergée par la peine, la colère et la terreur, je me suis prise en main. J’ai appris l’espagnol. J’ai suivi des cours en ligne pour acquérir de nouvelles compétences (Rosetta Stone est en accès libre dans de nombreuses bibliothèques, Coursera propose une aide financière, Hubspot est gratuit). Je me suis promenée et j’ai fait la paix avec l’hiver, qui est une saison plutôt sympa quand on n’a pas à circuler sous la neige pour aller au travail. Mes amis ont été merveilleux. Ils ont toujours été là quand j’avais le moral à zéro. Ils ont participé à une collecte de fonds pour que je puisse adopter un chien. Beaucoup m’ont fait la surprise de m’offrir des cartes cadeaux, des provisions ou, à l’occasion, une bouteille de vin.</p><p>Il faut se montrer franc et ne pas nier la réalité. Un grand nombre de gens se débattent, mais la plupart ont trop honte pour en parler. Ce n’est pas grave d’être pauvre. Ce n’est pas grave de dire qu’on a du mal à joindre les deux bouts. J’ai même parlé, lors d’une table ronde à l’hôpital, de la façon dont le service d’assistance financière m’avait aidée pour sensibiliser le personnel à l’aspect émotionnel des soins de santé pour les gens pauvres et physiquement abîmés.</p><p><strong>3. </strong><strong>Revoyez vos objectifs</strong>. Cette leçon a été difficile. Au bout d’un an de chômage, quand j’ai compris que je ne retrouverais peut-être pas un travail de bureau à temps plein, j’ai diversifié mes activités. En plus de mon travail en indépendante, j’ai fait des petits boulots pour payer l’électricité. Qu’il s’agisse de compter les boîtes de lunettes 3D dans un cinéma, d’être client mystère dans des restaurants ou d’écrire des légendes photos pour une chaîne d’hôtels, j’ai découvert que je pouvais faire plein de petites choses pour gagner beaucoup de petites sommes d’argent.</p><p>J’ai vendu des tonnes d’affaires sur des sites d’achat-vente. La plupart des gens possèdent bien plus de choses que nécessaire, et sont prêts à acheter pratiquement n’importe quoi pour peu que ce soit propre et bien photographié. J’ai changé les boutons d’une vieille veste en cuir à franges achetée 5 $ aux puces et je l’ai revendue 20 $. Tant qu’on est valide, il y a plein de boulots à faire. Si vous n’êtes pas à l’aise avec l’idée de conduire des inconnus pour une entreprise de covoiturage, essayez de devenir livreur de courses ou de pizzas. Les épiceries sont à la recherche de travailleurs fiables. Pensez de façon stratégique et privilégiez les entreprises qui accordent à leurs employés un rabais qui vous sera particulièrement profitable. Tondez la pelouse, promenez des chiens. Gardez des animaux ou des enfants. Bricolez-vous votre revenu. Il n’y a pas de petit profit. Ne baissez jamais les bras. </p><p>Ce tournant dans ma vie m’a également conduite à revoir totalement ma relation à l’argent. Quand on n’a pas d’argent, on en vient à le considérer comme un cadeau. On est reconnaissant de pouvoir payer ne serait-ce qu’une facture. On devient maître dans l’art de réduire les frais et de limiter les dépenses. J’ai développé une résilience qui m’a donné davantage confiance en moi et, par ricochet, permis de décrocher plus de travail en indépendante. J’ai admis que l’incertitude faisait partie intégrante de mon statut d’auto-entrepreneuse expérimentée et créative.</p><p>Payer mes factures reste un pari renouvelé tous les mois. Je passe beaucoup de temps à faire du marketing, du réseautage, de la facturation et du recouvrement: la routine quand on est son propre patron. Ce n’est pas ce dont je rêvais, mais il semblerait que personne n’ait envie d’embaucher des travailleurs intelligents et expérimentés qui ont encore au minimum 15, voire 20 ans de travail devant eux (ma grand-mère est morte à 102 ans, alors j’ai le temps), des gens comme moi, très productifs, qui ont l’éthique du travail chevillée au corps et une personnalité attachante. </p><p>Je rêve encore que je vais trouver un super boulot à temps plein et gagner de quoi me permettre d’épargner pour ma retraite et pas seulement de payer mes factures, mais je ne pouvais pas attendre plus longtemps que le monde du travail s’intéresse à moi. Je me suis créé mes propres opportunités. Perdre mon travail m’a changée en tant que personne. Rétrospectivement, bien que j’aie apprécié la majorité de mes collègues et de mes emplois, j’ai souvent eu affaire à des patrons toxiques et des milieux professionnels où régnaient cris, harcèlement et favoritisme. Maintenant, l’employé de la semaine, c’est mon chien Indigo ou moi. En tant qu’indépendante, je ne sais jamais de quoi sera fait le mois prochain, mais j’ai désormais beaucoup moins peur de l’inconnu. Je sais ce que c’est de toucher le fond et se battre pour survivre.</p></div><figure class="content-list-component image"> <span class="share-bar-image-wrapper"><img class="image__src" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d3898422600004f000455d4.png?ops=scalefit_630_noupscale" aria-label="Un exemple des produits récoltés par Nina McCollum dans une banque alimentaire" alt="Un exemple des produits récoltés par Nina McCollum dans une banque alimentaire"> <div class="share-bar share-bar--instream"> <div class="share-bar__item pinterest" data-type="pinterest"> <a class="share-bar__item-link entry__link--omit icon-Social_Pinterest" data-pin-custom="true" href="" target="_blank"> </a> </div> </div> </span><div class="image__meta-wrapper"><span class="image__credit">Avec l’aimable autorisation de Nina McCollum</span><figcaption class="image__caption">Un exemple des produits récoltés par Nina McCollum dans une banque alimentaire locale.</figcaption></div></figure><div class="content-list-component text"><p>Je sais que l’incertitude est maintenant la norme pour moi, mais aussi que je possède tout ce dont j’ai besoin, même si je n’ai jamais eu aussi peu de choses. Un merveilleux compagnon, qui m’a aimée quand j’étais au plus bas, partage ma vie. J’ai fait place nette dans mon esprit et dans mon c&oelig;ur, et j’ai trouvé l’amour. Je sais que nous pouvons affronter n’importe quelle tempête, car nous nous sommes rencontrés en plein ouragan. </p><p>Cela fait deux ans cet été que j’ai perdu mon emploi. Cette date marque aussi la fin de mon recours à l’aide sociale (pour le moment en tout cas et, avec un peu de chance, pour toujours). Je gagne désormais un tout petit trop en indépendante pour y prétendre. J’appelle cette zone grise “l’entre-deux”. Je gagne trop pour bénéficier d’aides, mais pas assez pour payer aisément mes factures. Je vais travailler dur pour sortir de cette phase, mais ce n’est pas facile. </p><p>Des millions d’Américains, qui gagnent trop pour avoir droit à des aides ou des pensions d’invalidité, se trouvent dans cet entre-deux. Lorsqu’ils en sont physiquement capables, ils font plusieurs boulots ou se passent de nourriture, de médicaments et d’autres produits de première nécessité. D’autres s’occupent d’enfants ou de proches âgés tout en travaillant, et serrent les dents pour supporter la dure réalité d’un quotidien dangereusement stressant et frustrant. </p><p>Il est important que les gens comprennent à quel point c’est difficile d’être pauvre. Il y a un monde entre ceux qui donnent aux banques alimentaires et ceux qui reçoivent en espérant que quelqu’un ait eu l’heureuse idée d’y déposer autre chose que du thon en boîte bon marché. Un jour, j’ai été tellement enchantée de tomber sur un pot de beurre d’amandes que j’en ai pleuré. </p><p>Le parcours du combattant que représentent les démarches à faire (et pas qu’une fois, mais chaque jour, chaque semaine, chaque mois) pour obtenir des aides est exténuant. On passe des heures au téléphone ou à faire la queue pour des aliments majoritairement peu sains et on doit en plus régulièrement prouver qu’on a le droit d’en bénéficier. C’est un combat mental et physique extrêmement éprouvant que l’on ne devrait pas avoir à mener. On ne résoudra pas d’un coup de baguette magique les problèmes de chômage, de sous-emploi et de pauvreté, mais on peut agir immédiatement pour faire cesser la stigmatisation qui y est associée. </p><p>Il faudrait également faire pression sur les employeurs qui profitent des travailleurs sans les salarier pour ne pas avoir à leur verser de prestations sociales, ceux qui utilisent des logiciels de recrutement pour rejeter les candidats en fonction de leur âge, sans parler de ce terrible problème de ‘ghosting’ omniprésent aujourd’hui. Les employeurs qui éliminent les travailleurs les plus âgés se privent d’employés hautement qualifiés, bosseurs et dévoués. Les entreprises qui procèdent au recrutement par le biais de logiciels de gestion des candidatures devraient réintroduire un élément humain dans ce processus. Ce même “élément humain” qui devrait conduire, par pure courtoisie, à prêter attention et répondre à chaque candidat et particulièrement ceux qui ont passé un entretien. Il ne devrait pas revenir aux seuls candidats de se montrer originaux et créatifs.</p></div><blockquote class="content-list-component pull-quote">Il est important que les gens comprennent à quel point c’est difficile d’être pauvre.</blockquote><div class="content-list-component text"><p>Les employeurs doivent aussi envisager de renoncer à leurs exigences indues: un diplôme est-il vraiment systématiquement nécessaire? Plus important encore, au lieu de ne voir les gens que comme des chiffres sur un bilan, les employeurs devraient se demander ce qui constitue le c&oelig;ur de leur entreprise et quelle est sa raison d’être. Il faut que l’éthique qu’ils semblent avoir laissée à la porte du conseil d’administration retrouve sa place dans leur monde. </p><p>Si vous vous retrouvez dans une situation semblable à la mienne, battez-vous, ne baissez pas les bras. Je suis fière de tout ce que j’ai fait pour survivre ces deux dernières années, mais ça ne devrait pas être aussi difficile de garder la tête hors de l’eau, d’obtenir de l’aide, de trouver un travail décent et tous les avantages qui vont avec. La façon dont la richesse est distribuée dans ce pays ne fait qu’enrichir les plus riches et appauvrir les plus pauvres. Il est presque impossible de remonter la pente si on ne sait pas où aller frapper, si on est stigmatisé ou trop honteux pour demander de l’aide. Si vous avez la chance de ne pas vous demander comment vous allez faire pour vous nourrir ou garder un toit sur votre tête, arrêtez de juger et de diaboliser les pauvres. L’enfer qu’ils vivent au quotidien est déjà assez douloureux. </p><p>J’ignore ce que l’avenir me réserve, mais je suis coriace et je continuerai à faire ce qu’il faut pour survivre. En partageant ouvertement mon combat, je souhaite dire aux autres qu’ils ne sont pas seuls et j’espère que mon expérience leur sera utile. Nous sommes tous ensemble sur cette planète et nous avons besoin les uns des autres pour survivre.<em> </em></p><p><em>Ce blog, publié initialement sur le </em><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/unemployment-poverty-america_n_5d387f32e4b004b6adb9a15e"><em>HuffPost américain,</em></a><em> a été traduit par Catherine Biros pour </em><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/http://www.fastforword.fr/" target="_blank"><em>Fast ForWord</em></a><em>.</em></p><p> </p><p><strong>À voir également sur <em>Le HuffPost</em>:</strong></p></div><div class="content-list-component embed-asset"><iframe data-provider="youtube" data-published="September 14, 2019 01:49" data-videovertical="" id="ytplayer" type="text/html" allowfullscreen="allowFullScreen" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948if_/https://www.youtube.com/embed/50ZdZur435A?enablejsapi=1" width="854" height="480" frameborder="0" allow="autoplay"></iframe></div> <div class="related-entries related-entries--list yr-related-entries"><h3 class="related-entries__head">LIRE AUSSI</h3><ul class="related-entries__list"><li class="related-entries__list__item yr-related-entry"><a class="related-entries__title entry__link--omit yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/culpabilises-les-chomeurs-subissent-un-quasi-stress-post-traumatique_fr_5d25e627e4b0583e482a231e?ncid=other_huffpostre_pqylmel2bk8&utm_campaign=related_articles" aria-label="BLOG - Culpabilisés, les chômeurs subissent un quasi stress post-traumatique"> BLOG - Culpabilisés, les chômeurs subissent un quasi stress post-traumatique </a></li><li class="related-entries__list__item yr-related-entry"><a class="related-entries__title entry__link--omit yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/sophie-vouteau/laissez-tomber-vos-illusions-jai-ete-auto-entrepreneur-et-ce-n-est-pas-mieux-que-d-etre-chomeur_a_23363716/?ncid=other_huffpostre_pqylmel2bk8&utm_campaign=related_articles" aria-label="BLOG - Laissez tomber vos illusions, j'ai été auto-entrepreneur et ce n’est pas mieux que d’être chômeur"> BLOG - Laissez tomber vos illusions, j'ai été auto-entrepreneur et ce n’est pas mieux que d’être chômeur </a></li></ul></div><section class="extra-content"><h5 class="extra-content__title"></h5><div class="extra-content__media"></div></section></div> <div class="yr-entry-footer"> <div id="modulous_article_bottom" class="ad_spot"> <div class="related-block"> <div class="related-block__body"> <p class="related-block__row"> <a class="related-block__link entry__link--omit" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/newsletter/cest-la-vie/?ncid=other_francecta_eextarojc0a&utm_campaign=fr_cta"> <i class="icon-Social_Mail related-block__ico" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="related-block__label">Chaque semaine, recevez la newsletter du HuffPost C'est La Vie</span> </a> </p> <p class="related-block__row"> <a class="related-block__link entry__link--omit" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/cest-la-vie/?ncid=other_francecta_eextarojc0a&utm_campaign=fr_cta"> <i class="icon-Social-HuffPost related-block__ico"></i> <span class="related-block__label">Pour suivre les dernières actualités C'est La Vie, cliquez ici</span> </a> </p> <p class="related-block__row"> <a class="related-block__link entry__link--omit" target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.facebook.com/HuffPostCestlaVie"> <i class="icon-Social_Facebook related-block__ico" aria-hidden="true"></i> <span class="related-block__label">Retrouvez-nous sur la page Facebook C'est la vie</span> </a> </p> <p class="related-block__row"> <a class="related-block__link entry__link--omit" target="_blank" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.youtube.com/c/lehuffpost"> <i class="icon-Social_Youtube related-block__ico" style="font-size: 13px; margin-right: 7px"></i> <span class="related-block__label">Abonnez-vous à notre chaîne YouTube</span> </a> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="author-byline author-byline--footer"> <div class="entry-corrections "> <a class="follow-us__correction" data-post-origin="athena" data-post-id="5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e" data-edition="us" id="suggest-corrections" data-popup-target="#corrections_container">Envoyer une correction</a> <div id="corrections_container" style="display: none;"> </div> </div> <ul class="author-list yr-authors"> <li class="author-card yr-author-card"> <a href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/author/nina-mccollum" class="bn-author-image bn-clickable yr-author-image" aria-label="More from Nina McCollum"> <div class="author-card__headshot" style="background-image: url(https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d56c40d2400003800b8cc0a.jpg?ops=40_40);"></div> </a> <div class="author-card__details"> <span class="author-card__details-container"> <a class="author-card__details__name" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/author/nina-mccollum"> <span class="author-card__details__name"> Nina McCollum </span> </a> <span class="author-card__social-container desktop-only"> </span> </span> <span class="author-card__microbio desktop-only"> Écrivaine, autrice de "Rockandrollmama's blog" sur sa vie de maman </span> </div> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="tag-cloud yr-tag-cloud"> <span class="tag-more">PLUS:</span> <a class="tag" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/news/etats-unis/">Etats-Unis</a> <a class="tag" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/news/economie/">ÉCONOMIE</a> <a class="tag" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/news/emploi/">Emploi</a> <a class="tag" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/news/chomage/">Chômage</a> <a class="tag" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffpost.com/news/pauvrete/">pauvreté</a></div> </div> <div class="modal hidden yr-modal yr-slideshow" id="modal"> <i class="modal__close icon-close-x yr-close yr-track"></i> <div class="modal__content"> </div> </div> </div> <aside id="highlight-share__popup" class="desktop-only"> <a class="icon-Social_Twitter twitter" target="_hplink"></a> <a class="icon-Social_Facebook facebook" target="_hplink"></a> </aside> </div>  <div id="modulous_below_entry_recirc" class="ad_spot desktop-only"> <div class="OUTBRAIN" data-src="/web/20190914014948oe_/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/" data-widget-id="AR_1" data-ob-template="Desk_article_ros_endarticle_btf_1_all_cre"></div> </div>    <div id="modulous_article_foot" class="ad_spot desktop-only"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col col--body-right yr-col-body-right">  <div id="modulous_right_rail_upper" class="ad_spot desktop-only"> </div>  <div id="modulous_right_rail_flex" class="ad_spot desktop-only"> <script type="text/javascript"> if ( "function" === typeof(adSetSyncDelay) ) { adSetSyncDelay('125'); } </script> <div id="ad_right_rail_flex" class="ad_wrapper_top"><div id="pave_haut" data-format="pave_haut" class="ad-right_rail_flex dfp-slot "></div></div> </div> <div class="card card--most-popular"> <div id="modulous_gravity_most_popular" class="ad_spot"> </div> </div> <div id="right-rail-trending"> <section class="component js-scroll loaded recirc recirc--trending recirc--apage recirc--page yr-trending"> <div class="recirc__zone__title"> <h3 class="recirc__title trending"> On en parle </h3> </div> <div id="trending_1" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <a class="card__image yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/la-greve-a-la-ratp-annonce-un-automne-social-orageux_fr_5d7bb679e4b03b5fc8828cd0?ncid=other_trending_qeesnbnu0l8&utm_campaign=trending"> <div class="card__image__wrapper"> <div class="card__image card__image--cover-bg"> <div class="card__image__src"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d7bbf1a230000e90352dc4d.jpeg?cache=LkMRGWtGNh&ops=150_150" alt="La grève à la RATP annonce un automne social"> </div> </div> </div> </a> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/la-greve-a-la-ratp-annonce-un-automne-social-orageux_fr_5d7bb679e4b03b5fc8828cd0?ncid=other_trending_qeesnbnu0l8&utm_campaign=trending">La grève à la RATP annonce un automne social orageux</a> </h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="trending_2" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <a class="card__image yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/france-argentine-les-bleus-ecrases-en-demi-finale-de-la-coupe-du-monde-de-basket_fr_5d7b9dc2e4b077dcbd5cc8aa?ncid=other_trending_qeesnbnu0l8&utm_campaign=trending"> <div class="card__image__wrapper"> <div class="card__image card__image--cover-bg"> <div class="card__image__src"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d7b9fbb3b00002a74d265fd.jpeg?cache=PtAABKAYVd&ops=150_150" alt="La France écrasée par l'Argentine en demi-finale de la Coupe du monde de"> </div> </div> </div> </a> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/france-argentine-les-bleus-ecrases-en-demi-finale-de-la-coupe-du-monde-de-basket_fr_5d7b9dc2e4b077dcbd5cc8aa?ncid=other_trending_qeesnbnu0l8&utm_campaign=trending">La France écrasée par l'Argentine en demi-finale de la Coupe du monde de basket</a> </h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="trending_3" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <a class="card__image yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/melania-trump-cree-la-polemique-avec-ce-manteau-porte-le-11-septembre_fr_5d7b5122e4b03b5fc8814bef?ncid=other_trending_qeesnbnu0l8&utm_campaign=trending"> <div class="card__image__wrapper"> <div class="card__image card__image--cover-bg"> <div class="card__image__src"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d7b5a642300005805529f46.png?cache=7ezvEps6QG&ops=150_150" alt="Ce détail sur le manteau de Melania Trump aux commémorations du 11-Septembre passe"> </div> </div> </div> </a> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/melania-trump-cree-la-polemique-avec-ce-manteau-porte-le-11-septembre_fr_5d7b5122e4b03b5fc8814bef?ncid=other_trending_qeesnbnu0l8&utm_campaign=trending">Ce détail sur le manteau de Melania Trump aux commémorations du 11-Septembre passe mal</a> </h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="trending_4" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <a class="card__image yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/patrick-balkany-incarcere-a-la-prison-de-la-sante-mais-pour-combien-de-temps_fr_5d7b933de4b077dcbd5ca9c4?ncid=other_trending_qeesnbnu0l8&utm_campaign=trending"> <div class="card__image__wrapper"> <div class="card__image card__image--cover-bg"> <div class="card__image__src"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d7b96423b0000039fd26057.jpeg?cache=XWcTr954ci&ops=150_150" alt="Balkany incarcéré à la prison de la Santé, mais pour combien de"> </div> </div> </div> </a> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/patrick-balkany-incarcere-a-la-prison-de-la-sante-mais-pour-combien-de-temps_fr_5d7b933de4b077dcbd5ca9c4?ncid=other_trending_qeesnbnu0l8&utm_campaign=trending">Balkany incarcéré à la prison de la Santé, mais pour combien de temps?</a> </h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="trending_5" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <a class="card__image yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/jean-luc-melenchon-ironise-sur-eric-dupond-moretti-et-sa-camomille_fr_5d7be109e4b03b5fc8830f85?ncid=other_trending_qeesnbnu0l8&utm_campaign=trending"> <div class="card__image__wrapper"> <div class="card__image card__image--cover-bg"> <div class="card__image__src"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d7c02b82300001c055307dd.jpeg?cache=I4sNMGEt1r&ops=150_150" alt="Après la condamnation de Balkany, Mélenchon ironise sur Dupond-Moretti et sa"> </div> </div> </div> </a> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/jean-luc-melenchon-ironise-sur-eric-dupond-moretti-et-sa-camomille_fr_5d7be109e4b03b5fc8830f85?ncid=other_trending_qeesnbnu0l8&utm_campaign=trending">Après la condamnation de Balkany, Mélenchon ironise sur Dupond-Moretti et sa "camomille"</a> </h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="trending_6" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <a class="card__image yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/isabelle-balkany-sera-maire-de-levallois-par-interim-pendant-lincarceration-de-son-mari_fr_5d7bcd57e4b00d690597eebd?ncid=other_trending_qeesnbnu0l8&utm_campaign=trending"> <div class="card__image__wrapper"> <div class="card__image card__image--cover-bg"> <div class="card__image__src"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://img.huffingtonpost.com/asset/5d7bd2ae230000580552e79f.jpeg?cache=xzkD6AhTtF&ops=150_150" alt="Isabelle Balkany sera maire de Levallois " par intérim" pendant l'incarcération de son"> </div> </div> </div> </a> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/isabelle-balkany-sera-maire-de-levallois-par-interim-pendant-lincarceration-de-son-mari_fr_5d7bcd57e4b00d690597eebd?ncid=other_trending_qeesnbnu0l8&utm_campaign=trending">Isabelle Balkany sera maire de Levallois "par intérim" pendant l'incarcération de son mari</a> </h2> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div>  <div id="modulous_right_rail_recirc" class="ad_bottom_margin_10 ad_spot desktop-only"> <style> .trc_rbox.trc-auto-size{width:100%; height:auto;} </style><div class="OUTBRAIN" data-src="/web/20190914014948oe_/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/" data-widget-id="SB_1" data-ob-template="Desk_article_ros_side_btf_1"></div> </div> <style type="text/css"> .follow-us__body::before { background-color: #0dbe98; } .follow-us .newsletter-signup input[type="submit"] { color: #0dbe98; } </style> <div class="desktop-only follow-us yr-follow-us"> <section class="follow-us__body"> <div class="follow-us__header"> <h3>S'INSCRIRE ET NOUS SUIVRE C'EST LA VIE</h3> </div> <div class="email" style="display: list-item;"> <div class="follow-us__description"> <p>Avec la newsletter quotidienne du HuffPost, recevez par email les infos les plus importantes et les meilleurs articles du jour. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/p/charte-de-confidentialite" target="_blank">En savoir plus</a> </p> </div> <form class="newsletter-signup" method="POST"> <div class="newsletter-header icon-Social_Mail">Newsletter</div> <input name="slug" type="hidden" value="cest-la-vie"> <input class="text" name="email" placeholder="adresse@email.fr" type="text" aria-label="email"> <label class="signup_error" style="display:none;"><strong>Veuillez entrer une adresse valide</strong></label> <label class="signup_error_terms" style="display:none;"><strong>Please accept our terms of service and privacy policy</strong></label> <label class="follow-us__description accept-terms-label"><input type="checkbox" class="accept-terms-checkbox" id="accept-terms" name="accept-terms" value="1">En cliquant sur « S'inscrire », je reconnais avoir pris connaissance de la <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/p/charte-de-confidentialite">Politique de confidentialité</a> du HuffPost et des droits dont je dispose sur mes données personnelles</label> <div class="submit-button-group"> <input class="subscribe-submit yr-newsletter-submit yr-track" type="submit" value="S'inscrire"> <span class="newsletter-signup__submit-arrow icon-arrow-right-grey"></span> </div> <label class="signup_success" style="display:none;"><strong>Merci pour votre inscription! Vous allez bientôt recevoir un email de confirmation.</strong></label> <label class="signup_failure" style="display:none;"><strong>Nous avons un problème avec votre inscription. Veuillez réessayer.</strong></label> </form> </div>  <ul class="follow-us__networks"> <li class="twitter follow-us-networks-item " data-network="twitter" data-social-overlay="follow-us__twitter-overlay"> <a class="twitter follow-us-networks-item-link entry__link--omit yr-follow-us-link" data-href="https://twitter.com/LeHuffPost" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://twitter.com/LeHuffPost" data-social-name="twitter" title="Suivez-nous sur Twitter" target="_blank" style=""> <i class="follow-us-networks-item-link-icon icon-Social_Twitter"></i> <span class="follow-us-networks-item-link-text" style="">Twitter</span> </a> </li> <li class="facebook follow-us-networks-item even" data-network="facebook" data-social-overlay="follow-us__facebook-overlay"> <a class="facebook follow-us-networks-item-link entry__link--omit yr-follow-us-link" data-href="https://facebook.com/LeHuffPost" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://facebook.com/LeHuffPost" data-social-name="facebook" title="Suivez-nous sur Facebook" target="_blank" style=""> <i class="follow-us-networks-item-link-icon icon-Social_Facebook"></i> <span class="follow-us-networks-item-link-text" style="">Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li class="snapchat follow-us-networks-item " data-network="snapchat" data-social-overlay="follow-us__snapchat-overlay"> <a class="snapchat follow-us-networks-item-link entry__link--omit yr-follow-us-link" data-href="images/snapchat/huffpost-fr.png" href="images/snapchat/huffpost-fr.png" data-social-name="snapchat" title="Suivez-nous sur Snapchat" target="_blank" style=""> <i class="follow-us-networks-item-link-icon icon-Social_Snapchat"></i> <span class="follow-us-networks-item-link-text" style="">Snapchat</span> </a> </li> <li class="instagram follow-us-networks-item even" data-network="instagram" data-social-overlay="follow-us__instagram-overlay"> <a class="instagram follow-us-networks-item-link entry__link--omit yr-follow-us-link" data-href="https://www.instagram.com/lehuffpost/" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.instagram.com/lehuffpost/" data-social-name="instagram" title="Suivez-nous sur Instagram" target="_blank" style=""> <i class="follow-us-networks-item-link-icon icon-Social_Instagram"></i> <span class="follow-us-networks-item-link-text" style="">Instagram</span> </a> </li> </ul> </section> <div class="mod-footer"></div> </div> <div id="follow-us__snapchat-overlay" class="social-overlay social-overlay--snapchat hidden"><div class="social-overlay__content"><div class="social-overlay__close"><div class="icon-close-x"></div><span>FERMER</span></div><div class="social-overlay__qr"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/images/snapchat/huffpost-fr.png" target="_blank"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/images/snapchat/huffpost-fr.png"></a></div></div></div>  <div id="modulous_text_sponsorship" class="ad_bottom_margin_10 ad_spot desktop-only"> <div id="pave_milieu" data-format="pave_milieu" class="ad-text_sponsorship dfp-slot "></div> </div>  <div id="modulous_right_rail_lower" class="ad_spot desktop-only ad_bottom_margin_10"> </div>  <div id="modulous_sponsorship" class="ad_spot desktop-only"> </div>  <div id="modulous_right_rail_300x250_lower" class="ad_spot desktop-only ad_bottom_margin_15"> <div id="ad_right_rail_300x250_lower" class="ad_wrapper_"><div id="pave_bas" data-format="pave_bas" class="ad-right_rail_300x250_lower dfp-slot "></div></div> </div> <div id="videos-for-you"> <section class="component js-scroll loaded recirc recirc--video recirc--apage recirc--page yr-videos-for-you"> <div class="recirc__zone__title"> <h3 class="recirc__title"> <span class="recirc__title__text">Vidéos à ne pas rater</span> </h3> </div> <div id="video_1" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/greve-ratp-les-images-des-quais-deserts-au-petit-matin_fr_5d7b322ee4b03b5fc880f255?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos">Les images des quais de la RATP déserts au petit matin</a> </h2> </div> <a class="yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/greve-ratp-les-images-des-quais-deserts-au-petit-matin_fr_5d7b322ee4b03b5fc880f255?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos"> <div class="card__image sigil sigil--video sigil--bottom-left"> <div class="icon-Meta_Video sigil__icon"></div> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=118%2C67&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5d7b42302300005805528ba4.jpeg&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=8e985f3ed3c8466d396d2deaf9ba49cb43b720a3" class="bitmap" alt="Les images des quais de la RATP déserts au petit"/> </div> </a> <div style="float: clear;"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="video_2" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/proces-balkany-ou-pas-ces-electeurs-voteront-toujours-pour-leur-maire_fr_5d7a5dade4b0a938a42f4177?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos">Procès Balkany ou pas, ces électeurs voteront toujours pour leur maire</a> </h2> </div> <a class="yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/proces-balkany-ou-pas-ces-electeurs-voteront-toujours-pour-leur-maire_fr_5d7a5dade4b0a938a42f4177?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos"> <div class="card__image sigil sigil--video sigil--bottom-left"> <div class="icon-Meta_Video sigil__icon"></div> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=118%2C67&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5d7a67d43b0000c49fd18eb1.png&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=598e91ad535f263ac290df487a3634ddaa1961aa" class="bitmap" alt="Procès Balkany ou pas, ces électeurs voteront toujours pour leur"/> </div> </a> <div style="float: clear;"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="video_3" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/les-professeurs-francais-ne-sont-pas-les-mieux-payes-de-locde_fr_5d7a84eae4b06db3d76bb75d?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos">Les professeurs français ne sont pas les mieux payés de l’OCDE</a> </h2> </div> <a class="yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/les-professeurs-francais-ne-sont-pas-les-mieux-payes-de-locde_fr_5d7a84eae4b06db3d76bb75d?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos"> <div class="card__image sigil sigil--video sigil--bottom-left"> <div class="icon-Meta_Video sigil__icon"></div> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=118%2C67&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5d7a86d03b0000039fd1a4d7.png%3Fcache%3DUvShz6Qe9g&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=eab302637018d13adce07eeb089ba57a35580b41" class="bitmap" alt="Les professeurs français ne sont pas les mieux payés de"/> </div> </a> <div style="float: clear;"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="video_4" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/pour-gaspard-ulliel-les-series-ont-beaucoup-apporte-au-cinema_fr_5d7a599ae4b0a938a42f30db?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos">Gaspard Ulliel nous explique ce que les séries ont apporté au cinéma à ses yeux</a> </h2> </div> <a class="yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/pour-gaspard-ulliel-les-series-ont-beaucoup-apporte-au-cinema_fr_5d7a599ae4b0a938a42f30db?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos"> <div class="card__image sigil sigil--video sigil--bottom-left"> <div class="icon-Meta_Video sigil__icon"></div> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=118%2C67&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5d7a61343b0000039fd18a13.png&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=bd2279eed8c75935bef0639bb906de49cfec3be5" class="bitmap" alt="Gaspard Ulliel nous explique ce que les séries ont apporté au cinéma à ses"/> </div> </a> <div style="float: clear;"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="video_5" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/melenchon-a-t-il-des-regrets-sur-la-perquisition-de-lfi-ca-depend_fr_5d7a99e1e4b061b55269f647?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos">Des regrets chez Mélenchon sur son attitude pendant la perquisition de LFI? Ça dépend</a> </h2> </div> <a class="yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/melenchon-a-t-il-des-regrets-sur-la-perquisition-de-lfi-ca-depend_fr_5d7a99e1e4b061b55269f647?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos"> <div class="card__image sigil sigil--video sigil--bottom-left"> <div class="icon-Meta_Video sigil__icon"></div> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=118%2C67&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5d7a9aa52300001c05521712.jpeg&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=80bdaccb74e9d232cb83570ac8151e7a6040f5e4" class="bitmap" alt="Des regrets chez Mélenchon sur son attitude pendant la perquisition de LFI? Ça"/> </div> </a> <div style="float: clear;"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="video_6" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/a-hong-kong-les-manifestants-ont-compose-leur-propre-hymne_fr_5d795365e4b0fc7153415e44?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos">À Hong Kong, les manifestants ont composé leur propre hymne</a> </h2> </div> <a class="yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/a-hong-kong-les-manifestants-ont-compose-leur-propre-hymne_fr_5d795365e4b0fc7153415e44?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos"> <div class="card__image sigil sigil--video sigil--bottom-left"> <div class="icon-Meta_Video sigil__icon"></div> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=118%2C67&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5d7953e9240000122777ee31.png&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=263c913870964bade801035fb6a3bdc2a21b6952" class="bitmap" alt="À Hong Kong, les manifestants ont composé leur propre"/> </div> </a> <div style="float: clear;"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="video_7" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/la-pma-pour-les-hommes-transgenres-rejetee-en-commission_fr_5d777d58e4b0645135747890?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos">Pourquoi les hommes transgenres n’ont toujours pas accès à la PMA</a> </h2> </div> <a class="yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/la-pma-pour-les-hommes-transgenres-rejetee-en-commission_fr_5d777d58e4b0645135747890?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos"> <div class="card__image sigil sigil--video sigil--bottom-left"> <div class="icon-Meta_Video sigil__icon"></div> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=118%2C67&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5d78d0ce2300001c05512c7e.png&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=a1ac9f9b3b5f717309ed5d6fb08104461cf6ea9d" class="bitmap" alt="Pourquoi les hommes transgenres n’ont toujours pas accès à la"/> </div> </a> <div style="float: clear;"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="video_8" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/ile-grand-bahama-maree-noire_fr_5d79e66ae4b0fc71534205ce?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos">L’île de Grand Bahama victime d’une marée noire après Dorian</a> </h2> </div> <a class="yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/ile-grand-bahama-maree-noire_fr_5d79e66ae4b0fc71534205ce?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos"> <div class="card__image sigil sigil--video sigil--bottom-left"> <div class="icon-Meta_Video sigil__icon"></div> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=118%2C67&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5d79e84a230000580551a6a8.png%3Fcache%3DNkqwPTCLms&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=1862c61a376da738837f285d81eb8abbc5a39a6a" class="bitmap" alt="L’île de Grand Bahama victime d’une marée noire après"/> </div> </a> <div style="float: clear;"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="video_9" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/ces-pompiers-montent-des-marches-en-hommage-a-leurs-collegues-morts-le-11-septembre_fr_5d79d968e4b0a938a42debbd?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos">Ces pompiers montent des marches en hommage à leurs collègues morts le 11 septembre</a> </h2> </div> <a class="yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/ces-pompiers-montent-des-marches-en-hommage-a-leurs-collegues-morts-le-11-septembre_fr_5d79d968e4b0a938a42debbd?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos"> <div class="card__image sigil sigil--video sigil--bottom-left"> <div class="icon-Meta_Video sigil__icon"></div> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=118%2C67&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5d79da7b230000e903519e60.png%3Fcache%3Df4HlpQVytp&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=9f112b33119b929c24fd8cff4179681040126e74" class="bitmap" alt="Ces pompiers montent des marches en hommage à leurs collègues morts le 11"/> </div> </a> <div style="float: clear;"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="video_10" class="recirc__content"> <div class="card recirc__item yr-card"> <div class="card__content"> <div class="card__headlines"> <h2 class="card__headline js-card-headline"> <a class="card__link yr-card-headline" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/francois-ruffin-moque-la-transition-ecolo-de-macron-a-lassemblee_fr_5d78b252e4b0432f8174deb7?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos">“J’ai changé”: Ruffin moque la transition écolo de Macron à l’Assemblée</a> </h2> </div> <a class="yr-card-image" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/entry/francois-ruffin-moque-la-transition-ecolo-de-macron-a-lassemblee_fr_5d78b252e4b0432f8174deb7?ncid=other_topvideos_cp1pj3fgmfs&utm_campaign=top_videos"> <div class="card__image sigil sigil--video sigil--bottom-left"> <div class="icon-Meta_Video sigil__icon"></div> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://o.aolcdn.com/images/dims?quality=80&thumbnail=118%2C67&image_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fimg.huffingtonpost.com%2Fasset%2F5d78b6b8240000d32677cbbf.png&client=cbc79c14efcebee57402&signature=6d709913ad18cec2382ac6e44697127d93f4648e" class="bitmap" alt="“J’ai changé”: Ruffin moque la transition écolo de Macron à"/> </div> </a> <div style="float: clear;"></div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <div class="newsletter-toaster desktop-only hidden yr-newsletter-toaster"> <div class="newsletter-toaster__inner-container"> <div class="newsletter-toaster__close-button yr-close yr-track icon-close-x"></div> <div class="newsletter-toaster__body-container"> <div class="newsletter-toaster__body"> <div class="newsletter-toaster__left"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/images/icons/newsletter-toaster.png" role="presentation"> </div> <div class="newsletter-toaster__right"> <div class="newsletter-toaster__right-title"> INSCRIVEZ-VOUS À LA NEWSLETTER C'EST LA VIE </div> <div class="newsletter-toaster__right-form"> <form class="newsletter-signup toaster" method="POST"> <div class="newsletter-signup__input-group"> <input name="slug" type="hidden" value="cest-la-vie"> <input name="newsid" type="hidden" value="f0c65769dc03a693b72e8059de0de9cd"> <input class="newsletter-signup__input" name="email" placeholder="adresse@email.fr" type="text"> </div> <div class="newsletter-signup__submit-button-group"> <input class="submit-button-group__button subscribe-submit yr-newsletter-submit yr-track" type="submit" value="S'inscrire!"> </div> <div class="newsletter-toaster__terms-container"> <label class="newsletter-toaster__form-desc accept-terms-label"> <input type="checkbox" class="accept-terms-checkbox" id="accept-terms" name="accept-terms" value="1"> <span class="accept-terms-message"> En cliquant sur « S'inscrire », je reconnais avoir pris connaissance de la <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/p/charte-de-confidentialite">Politique de confidentialité</a> du HuffPost et des droits dont je dispose sur mes données personnelles </span> </label> <label class="newsletter-toaster__terms-error signup_error_terms"><span class="newsletter-toaster__message"><strong>Please accept our terms of service and privacy policy</strong></span></label> </div> <label class="newsletter-toaster__signup-error signup_error"><span class="newsletter-toaster__message"><strong>Veuillez entrer une adresse valide</strong></span></label> <label class="newsletter-toaster__signup-success signup_success"><span class="newsletter-toaster__message"><strong>Merci pour votre inscription! Vous allez bientôt recevoir un email de confirmation.</strong></span></label> <label class="newsletter-toaster__signup-failure signup_failure"><span class="newsletter-toaster__message"><strong>Nous avons un problème avec votre inscription. Veuillez réessayer.</strong></span></label> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <footer id="desktop__main_footer" class="huffpost-footer huffpost-footer_skin_life yr-footer">  <div id="modulous_leaderboard_bottom" class="ad_spot desktop-only"> <div id="ad_leaderboard_bottom" class="ad_leaderboard_bottom ad_wrapper_" style="display:table;margin:0 auto;padding:5px 0 15px;"><div id="banniere_basse" data-format="banniere_basse" class="ad-leaderboard_bottom dfp-slot "></div></div> </div> <div id="footer-marker"></div> <div class="footer__top"> <div class="footer__logo"> <a class="footer__logo__link yr-logo" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/"> <i class="icon-Social-HuffPost"></i> <img alt="HuffPost" class="footer__img" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/images/logos/HuffPost_Int'l_FR_white.svg" role="presentation"> </a> </div> <ul class="footer__nav bn-footer-links yr-life-sections"> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/politique/"> Politique </a> </li> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/international/"> International </a> </li> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/economie/"> Économie </a> </li> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/cest-la-vie/"> C'est La Vie </a> </li> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/culture/"> Culture </a> </li> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/le-bon-choix/"> Le Bon Choix </a> </li> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/video/"> Le Huffplay </a> </li> <li class="footer__nav__item yr-life-section-item"> <a class="footer__nav__link" href="#"> Plus </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="footer__list footer__list--vertical bn-footer-links yr-life-footer-links"> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.mpublicite.fr/"> Votre publicité </a> </li> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/p/mentions-legales"> Mentions légales </a> </li> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/p/cookies-et-autres-technologies"> Cookies </a> </li> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/p/conditions-generales"> Conditions d'utilisation (Actualisée) </a> </li> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/rss/index.xml"> RSS </a> </li> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/p/charte-de-confidentialite"> Confidentialité (Actualisée) </a> </li> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/p/a-propos-de-nous"> À propos de nous </a> </li> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/p/gdpr/gestion-des-cookies"> Gestion des cookies </a> </li> <li class="footer__list__item yr-life-footer-link"> <a class="footer__link" href="/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/p/nous-contacter"> Nous contacter </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer__bottom"> <div class="footer__bottom__nav"> <div class="footer__bottom__nav__item"> © 2018 Le Huffington Post SAS. Tous droits réservés. </div> <div class="footer__rights">Fait partie de <b>HuffPost News</b></div> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="popup-overlay"></div>  <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { function load_adscript() { var scriptTag = document.createElement('script'), firstScriptTag = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; scriptTag.src = '//web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://wrapper.lemde.fr/glmaw.v0.1.0.js'; firstScriptTag.parentNode.insertBefore(scriptTag, firstScriptTag); } (function() { var use_cmp = true; var multiple_slots = document.getElementsByClassName("dfp-slot dfp-multi-slot"); for (var i = 0; i < multiple_slots.length; i++) { var slot = multiple_slots[i]; slot.id = slot.id + "_" + Math.ceil(Math.random(new Date().getTime()) * 10E9); } if (use_cmp) { waitForGlobal('HPCmp', function(){ HPCmp.checkCmpScript(function(){ load_adscript(); }); }); } else { load_adscript(); } return; })(); })(); </script> <script>window.addEventListener('load', window.modulousQueue.runAll);</script> <script type="text/javascript"> var wamid = '2446'; var typ = '1'; var Wvar = []; var cat1 = ''; var cat2 = ''; var contentu = ''; waitForGlobal('jQuery', function(){ (function($){ var evt = null; cat1 = 'cest-la-vie'; var other_tag = 'emploi'; cat2 = other_tag || 'article'; contentu = 'article'; contentu = 'portfolio'; Wvar.push('site','huffingtonpostFR'); Wvar.push('cat1',cat1); Wvar.push('cat2',cat2); Wvar.push('contenu',contentu); Wvar.push('device','desktop'); Wvar.push('idcrm',''); if (evt) { Wvar.push('evt', evt); } var __tmp = window.console && window.console.log(Wvar); (function(){ var w = document.createElement("script"); w.type = "text/javascript"; w.src = document.location.protocol + "//web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://cstatic.weborama.fr/js/wam/customers/wamfactory_dpm.lemonde.min.js?rnd="+new Date().getTime(); w.async = true; var body = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; body.parentNode.insertBefore(w,body); return; })(); })(jQuery); }); </script> <script> (function(){ function load_outbrainscript() { var e = document.createElement('script'); e.async = 1; e.src = "//web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://widgets.outbrain.com/outbrain.js"; document.body.appendChild(e); return; } var cmp_editions = ['fr']; var current_edition = "fr"; var use_cmp = cmp_editions.indexOf(current_edition) !== -1; try { var hostname = window.location.hostname; hostname = hostname.replace(/(.+)sandbox./, "www."); var permalink = (window.location.protocol + "//" + hostname + window.location.pathname); var allOutbrains = document.querySelectorAll('.OUTBRAIN'); for (var w in allOutbrains){ var __tmpOb = allOutbrains[w].setAttribute && allOutbrains[w].setAttribute('data-src', permalink); } if (use_cmp) { waitForGlobal('HPCmp', function(){ HPCmp.checkCmpScript(function(){ load_outbrainscript(); }); }); } else { load_outbrainscript(); } } catch(e) { console.error(e); } }()); </script> <noscript> <h2>Using a mobile device? Go to <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://m.huffingtonpost.fr/">https://m.huffingtonpost.fr/</a> for HuffPost Mobile.</h2> </noscript> <div id="mobile_promo"></div> <script> var _comscore = _comscore || []; _comscore.push({"c1":2,"c2":6723616,"c3":"","c4":"","c5":"france","c6":"","c15":"","options":{"url_append":"comscorekw=france"}}); (function() { var s = document.createElement("script"), el = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; s.async = true; s.src = (document.location.protocol == "https:" ? "https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://sb" : "http://b") + ".scorecardresearch.com/beacon.js"; el.parentNode.insertBefore(s, el); })(); </script> <noscript> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948im_/https://sb.scorecardresearch.com/p?c1=2&c2=6723616&c3=&c4=&c5=france&c6=&c15=&cv=2.0&cj=1"/> </noscript><iframe style="height: 1px; width: 1px; border: 0px none; position: absolute; display: none; left: 0px; top: 0px; z-index: 0;" src="//web.archive.org/web/20190914014948if_/https://cstatic.weborama.fr/iframe/customers/premium.html?idEditeur=1166&idSite=239"></iframe>  <script> (function(){ // 1. Loading the measurement system var aS = document.createElement('script'); aS.type = 'text/javascript'; aS.async = true; aS.src = 'https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://tag.audience.acpm.fr/js/on-1.0.min.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(aS, s); // 2. Sending the measurement if(aS.addEventListener) { aS.addEventListener('load', function(){ aSloaded(); }, false) } else { aS.onreadystatechange = function () { if (aS.readyState in {complete: 1, loaded: 1}) { aSloaded(); } }; } aSloaded = function(){ var tag = new Acpm.Tag('279079217246'); tag.send(); }; })(); </script>  <script async defer src="//web.archive.org/web/20190914014948js_/https://platform.instagram.com/en_US/embeds.js"></script> <script async defer src="//web.archive.org/web/20190914014948js_/https://assets.pinterest.com/js/pinit.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> window.jsConfig = {}; </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948js_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/js/vendor.min.js"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948js_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/js/scripts.min.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var JST = {}; var HPPOST = HPPOST || {}; HPPOST.postOrigin = "athena"; HPPOST.postId = "5d56c1aae4b056fafd0b124e"; HPPOST.playListID = ""; HPPOST.playerID = ""; HPPOST.companyID = ""; </script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948js_/https://amp.assets.huffpost.com/assets-e346cd2904ebc75bf548800a858b8d7a/js/entry.min.js"></script> <script> Mobileweb.ads.slideshowLeft = "\x3Cdiv\x20\x0D\x0Aid\x3D\x22pave_portfolio\x22\x0D\x0Adata\x2Dformat\x3D\x22pave_portfolio\x22\x0D\x0Aclass\x3D\x22ad\x2Dslideshow_300x250_req\x20dfp\x2Dslot\x20\x22\x3E\x3C\x2Fdiv\x3E"; Mobileweb.ads.slideshowTop = ""; Mobileweb.init(); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> // Rapid beacon is only enabled when core Rapid is active if (window.RapidInstance) { $(document).ready(function() { var rapidElements =[{"type":"sec","value":"masthead","selector":".yr-masthead"},{"type":"sec","value":"nav","selector":".yr-nav","childrenSelector":".yr-nav-item"},{"type":"sec","value":"masthead-responsive","selector":".yr-masthead-responsive"},{"type":"sec","value":"nav-responsive","selector":".yr-nav-responsive","childrenSelector":".yr-nav-item"},{"type":"sec","value":"entry-text","selector":".yr-entry-text"},{"type":"sec","value":"col1","selector":".yr-col-body-left","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"sec","value":"col2","selector":".yr-col-body-center","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"sec","value":"col3","selector":".yr-col-body-right"},{"type":"sec","value":"splash","selector":".yr-splash","childrenSelector":".splash-inner"},{"type":"sec","value":"apage-rail-mobile","selector":".yr-apage-rail-mw","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"sec","value":"content-rail-mobile","selector":".yr-content-rail-mw","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"sec","value":"entry-header","selector":".yr-entry-header"},{"type":"sec","value":"entry-text","selector":".yr-entry-text"},{"type":"sec","value":"entry-footer","selector":".yr-entry-footer"},{"type":"sec","value":"newsletter-toaster","selector":".yr-newsletter-toaster"},{"type":"sec","value":"newsletter-form","selector":".yr-newsletter-form"},{"type":"sec","value":"bottom-nav","selector":".yr-share-bottom"},{"type":"sec","value":"video-playlists","selector":".yr-video-playlists"},{"type":"sec","value":"video-content","selector":".yr-video-content"},{"type":"sec","value":"more-videos","selector":".yr-more-videos","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"sec","value":"conversations","selector":".yr-conversations"},{"type":"sec","value":"footer","selector":".yr-footer"},{"type":"sec","value":"modal","selector":".yr-modal"},{"type":"sec","value":"static-content","selector":".yr-static-content"},{"type":"sec","value":"author-header","selector":".yr-author-header"},{"type":"sec","value":"author-bio","selector":".yr-author-bio"},{"type":"subsec","value":"latest-entries","selector":".yr-latest-entries","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"subsec","value":"video","selector":".yr-videos-for-you","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"subsec","value":"top-videos","selector":".yr-top-videos","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"subsec","value":"trending","selector":".yr-trending","childrenSelector":".yr-card"},{"type":"subsec","valueFromAttribute":"data-s-value","selector":".yr-nav-item"},{"type":"subsec","valueFromAttribute":"data-s-value","selector":".yr-hamburger-menu-block"},{"type":"subsec","value":"follow","selector":".yr-social-list"},{"type":"subsec","value":"slideshow","selector":".yr-slideshow"},{"type":"subsec","value":"listicle","selector":".yr-listicle","childrenSelector":".yr-listicle-slide"},{"type":"subsec","value":"related-articles","selector":".yr-related-entries","childrenSelector":".yr-related-entry"},{"type":"subsec","value":"authors","selector":".yr-authors","childrenSelector":".yr-author-card"},{"type":"subsec","value":"share","selector":".yr-share"},{"type":"subsec","value":"byline","selector":".yr-byline","childrenSelector":".yr-author-card"},{"type":"subsec","value":"topic-tag","selector":".yr-tag-cloud"},{"type":"subsec","value":"mod-follow","selector":".yr-follow-us"},{"type":"subsec","valueFromAttribute":"data-playlist-name","selector":".yr-video-playlist"},{"type":"subsec","value":"taboola","selector":".yr-taboola"},{"type":"subsec","value":"hamburger-menu","selector":".yr-hamburger-menu","childrenSelector":".yr-hamburger-menu-block"},{"type":"subsec","value":"pane-footer","selector":".yr-pane-footer"},{"type":"subsec","value":"edition-links","selector":".yr-edition-links"},{"type":"elm","value":"link","selector":".yr-edition-link"},{"type":"subsec","value":"corp-links","selector":".yr-footer-links"},{"type":"subsec","value":"pagination","selector":".yr-pagination"},{"type":"elm","value":"hdln","selector":".yr-card-headline"},{"type":"elm","value":"description","selector":".yr-card-description"},{"type":"elm","value":"img","selector":".yr-card-image"},{"type":"elm","value":"hdln","selector":".yr-splash-headline"},{"type":"elm","value":"hdln","selector":".yr-splash-subhead"},{"type":"elm","value":"hdln","selector":".yr-splash-ticker"},{"type":"elm","value":"img","selector":".yr-splash-image"},{"type":"elm","value":"img","selector":".yr-author-image"},{"type":"elm","value":"context_link","selector":".yr-entry-text a"},{"type":"elm","value":"context_link","selector":".yr-static-content a"},{"type":"elm","value":"hdln","selector":".yr-dropdown-column-link"},{"type":"elm","value":"img","selector":".yr-logo"},{"type":"slk","value":"HuffPost","selector":".yr-logo"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-close"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-open"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-next"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-previous"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-newsletter-submit"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-read-more-link"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-comments-open"},{"type":"slk","value":"close","selector":".yr-close"},{"type":"slk","value":"open","selector":".yr-open"},{"type":"slk","value":"next","selector":".yr-next"},{"type":"slk","value":"previous","selector":".yr-previous"},{"type":"slk","valueFromAttribute":"data-author-follow","selector":".yr-author-follow"},{"type":"slk","valueFromAttribute":"data-social-name","selector":".yr-social-list-item"},{"type":"slk","valueFromAttribute":"data-social-name","selector":".yr-share-item"},{"type":"slk","valueFromAttribute":"data-social-name","selector":".yr-follow-us-link"},{"type":"sec","value":"left-menu","selector":".yr-life-left-menu"},{"type":"subsec","value":"sections","selector":".yr-life-sections","childrenSelector":".yr-life-section-item"},{"type":"subsec","value":"social-buttons","selector":".yr-life-social-list","childrenSelector":".yr-social-list-item"},{"type":"elm","value":"link","selector":".yr-life-nav-item-link"},{"type":"slk","valueFromAttribute":"data-s-text","selector":".yr-life-nav-item-link"},{"type":"subsec","value":"edition","selector":".yr-life-editions"},{"type":"slk","valueFromAttribute":"data-s-text","selector":".yr-life-editions-open"},{"type":"elm","value":"link","selector":".yr-life-editions-open"},{"type":"subsec","value":"corp-links","selector":".yr-life-footer-links","childrenSelector":".yr-life-footer-link"},{"type":"slk","value":"hamburger","selector":".yr-hamburger-open"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-hamburger-open"},{"type":"slk","value":"Open Search","selector":".yr-search-open"},{"type":"elm","value":"btn","selector":".yr-search-open"}]; MW.modules.rapid.trackElements('body', rapidElements); }); } </script> <script type="application/javascript" data-script="jquery.throttle.js"> (function(b,c){var $=b.jQuery||b.Cowboy||(b.Cowboy={}),a;$.throttle=a=function(e,f,j,i){var h,d=0;if(typeof f!=="boolean"){i=j;j=f;f=c}function g(){var o=this,m=+new Date()-d,n=arguments;function l(){d=+new Date();j.apply(o,n)}function k(){h=c}if(i&&!h){l()}h&&clearTimeout(h);if(i===c&&m>e){l()}else{if(f!==true){h=setTimeout(i?k:l,i===c?e-m:e)}}}if($.guid){g.guid=j.guid=j.guid||$.guid++}return g};$.debounce=function(d,e,f){return f===c?a(d,e,false):a(d,f,e!==false)}})(this); </script><script type="application/javascript" data-script="jquery.cookie"> !function(a){"function"==typeof define&&define.amd?define(["jquery"],a):"object"==typeof exports?a(require("jquery")):a(jQuery)}(function(a){function b(a){return h.raw?a:encodeURIComponent(a)}function c(a){return h.raw?a:decodeURIComponent(a)}function d(a){return b(h.json?JSON.stringify(a):String(a))}function e(a){0===a.indexOf('"')&&(a=a.slice(1,-1).replace(/\\"/g,'"').replace(/\\\\/g,"\\"));try{return a=decodeURIComponent(a.replace(g," ")),h.json?JSON.parse(a):a}catch(b){}}function f(b,c){var d=h.raw?b:e(b);return a.isFunction(c)?c(d):d}var g=/\+/g,h=a.cookie=function(e,g,i){if(void 0!==g&&!a.isFunction(g)){if(i=a.extend({},h.defaults,i),"number"==typeof i.expires){var j=i.expires,k=i.expires=new Date;k.setTime(+k+864e5*j)}return document.cookie=[b(e),"=",d(g),i.expires?"; expires="+i.expires.toUTCString():"",i.path?"; path="+i.path:"",i.domain?"; domain="+i.domain:"",i.secure?"; secure":""].join("")}for(var l=e?void 0:{},m=document.cookie?document.cookie.split("; "):[],n=0,o=m.length;o>n;n++){var p=m[n].split("="),q=c(p.shift()),r=p.join("=");if(e&&e===q){l=f(r,g);break}e||void 0===(r=f(r))||(l[q]=r)}return l};h.defaults={},a.removeCookie=function(b,c){return void 0===a.cookie(b)?!1:(a.cookie(b,"",a.extend({},c,{expires:-1})),!a.cookie(b))}}); </script> <script type="application/javascript" data-script="consent-string.js"> /** * browserify consent-string --standalone BY > bundle.js */ (function(f){if(typeof exports==="object"&&typeof module!=="undefined"){module.exports=f()}else if(typeof define==="function"&&define.amd){define([],f)}else{var g;if(typeof window!=="undefined"){g=window}else if(typeof global!=="undefined"){g=global}else if(typeof self!=="undefined"){g=self}else{g=this}g.BY = f()}})(function(){var define,module,exports;return (function(){function r(e,n,t){function o(i,f){if(!n[i]){if(!e[i]){var c="function"==typeof require&&require;if(!f&&c)return c(i,!0);if(u)return u(i,!0);var a=new Error("Cannot find module '"+i+"'");throw a.code="MODULE_NOT_FOUND",a}var p=n[i]={exports:{}};e[i][0].call(p.exports,function(r){var n=e[i][1][r];return o(n||r)},p,p.exports,r,e,n,t)}return n[i].exports}for(var u="function"==typeof require&&require,i=0;i<t.length;i++)o(t[i]);return o}return r})()({1:[function(require,module,exports){ 'use strict'; var _typeof = typeof Symbol === "function" && typeof Symbol.iterator === "symbol" ? function (obj) { return typeof obj; } : function (obj) { return obj && typeof Symbol === "function" && obj.constructor === Symbol && obj !== Symbol.prototype ? "symbol" : typeof obj; }; var _createClass = function () { function defineProperties(target, props) { for (var i = 0; i < props.length; i++) { var descriptor = props[i]; descriptor.enumerable = descriptor.enumerable || false; descriptor.configurable = true; if ("value" in descriptor) descriptor.writable = true; Object.defineProperty(target, descriptor.key, descriptor); } } return function (Constructor, protoProps, staticProps) { if (protoProps) defineProperties(Constructor.prototype, protoProps); if (staticProps) defineProperties(Constructor, staticProps); return Constructor; }; }(); function _classCallCheck(instance, Constructor) { if (!(instance instanceof Constructor)) { throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function"); } } var _require = require('./encode'), encodeConsentString = _require.encodeConsentString, _getMaxVendorId = _require.getMaxVendorId, encodeVendorIdsToBits = _require.encodeVendorIdsToBits, encodePurposeIdsToBits = _require.encodePurposeIdsToBits; var _require2 = require('./decode'), decodeConsentString = _require2.decodeConsentString; var _require3 = require('./utils/definitions'), vendorVersionMap = _require3.vendorVersionMap; /** * Regular expression for validating */ var consentLanguageRegexp = /^[a-z]{2}$/; var ConsentString = function () { function ConsentString() { var baseString = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : null; _classCallCheck(this, ConsentString); this.created = new Date(); this.lastUpdated = new Date(); this.version = 1; this.vendorList = null; this.vendorListVersion = null; this.cmpId = null; this.cmpVersion = null; this.consentScreen = null; this.consentLanguage = null; this.allowedPurposeIds = []; this.allowedVendorIds = []; // Decode the base string if (baseString) { Object.assign(this, decodeConsentString(baseString)); } } _createClass(ConsentString, [{ key: 'getConsentString', value: function getConsentString() { var updateDate = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : true; if (!this.vendorList) { throw new Error('ConsentString - A vendor list is required to encode a consent string'); } if (updateDate === true) { this.lastUpdated = new Date(); } return encodeConsentString({ version: this.getVersion(), vendorList: this.vendorList, allowedPurposeIds: this.allowedPurposeIds, allowedVendorIds: this.allowedVendorIds, created: this.created, lastUpdated: this.lastUpdated, cmpId: this.cmpId, cmpVersion: this.cmpVersion, consentScreen: this.consentScreen, consentLanguage: this.consentLanguage, vendorListVersion: this.vendorListVersion }); } }, { key: 'getLastUpdated', value: function getLastUpdated() { return this.lastUpdated; } }, { key: 'setLastUpdated', value: function setLastUpdated() { var date = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : null; if (date) { this.lastUpdated = new Date(date); } else { this.lastUpdated = new Date(); } } }, { key: 'getCreated', value: function getCreated() { return this.created; } }, { key: 'setCreated', value: function setCreated() { var date = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : null; if (date) { this.created = new Date(date); } else { this.created = new Date(); } } }, { key: 'getMaxVendorId', value: function getMaxVendorId() { return _getMaxVendorId(this.vendorList.vendors); } }, { key: 'getParsedVendorConsents', value: function getParsedVendorConsents() { return encodeVendorIdsToBits(_getMaxVendorId(this.vendorList.vendors), this.allowedVendorIds); } }, { key: 'getParsedPurposeConsents', value: function getParsedPurposeConsents() { return encodePurposeIdsToBits(this.vendorList.purposes, this.allowedPurposeIds); } }, { key: 'getMetadataString', value: function getMetadataString() { return encodeConsentString({ version: this.getVersion(), created: this.created, lastUpdated: this.lastUpdated, cmpId: this.cmpId, cmpVersion: this.cmpVersion, consentScreen: this.consentScreen, vendorListVersion: this.vendorListVersion }); } }, { key: 'getVersion', value: function getVersion() { return this.version; } }, { key: 'getVendorListVersion', value: function getVendorListVersion() { return this.vendorListVersion; } }, { key: 'setGlobalVendorList', value: function setGlobalVendorList(vendorList) { if ((typeof vendorList === 'undefined' ? 'undefined' : _typeof(vendorList)) !== 'object') { throw new Error('ConsentString - You must provide an object when setting the global vendor list'); } if (!vendorList.vendorListVersion || !Array.isArray(vendorList.purposes) || !Array.isArray(vendorList.vendors)) { // The provided vendor list does not look valid throw new Error('ConsentString - The provided vendor list does not respect the schema from the IAB EU’s GDPR Consent and Transparency Framework'); } // Cloning the GVL // It's important as we might transform it and don't want to modify objects that we do not own this.vendorList = { vendorListVersion: vendorList.vendorListVersion, lastUpdated: vendorList.lastUpdated, purposes: vendorList.purposes, features: vendorList.features, // Clone the list and sort the vendors by ID (it breaks our range generation algorithm if they are not sorted) vendors: vendorList.vendors.slice(0).sort(function (firstVendor, secondVendor) { return firstVendor.id < secondVendor.id ? -1 : 1; }) }; this.vendorListVersion = vendorList.vendorListVersion; } }, { key: 'getGlobalVendorList', value: function getGlobalVendorList() { return this.vendorList; } }, { key: 'setCmpId', value: function setCmpId(id) { this.cmpId = id; } }, { key: 'getCmpId', value: function getCmpId() { return this.cmpId; } }, { key: 'setCmpVersion', value: function setCmpVersion(version) { this.cmpVersion = version; } }, { key: 'getCmpVersion', value: function getCmpVersion() { return this.cmpVersion; } }, { key: 'setConsentScreen', value: function setConsentScreen(screenId) { this.consentScreen = screenId; } }, { key: 'getConsentScreen', value: function getConsentScreen() { return this.consentScreen; } }, { key: 'setConsentLanguage', value: function setConsentLanguage(language) { if (consentLanguageRegexp.test(language) === false) { throw new Error('ConsentString - The consent language must be a two-letter ISO639-1 code (en, fr, de, etc.)'); } this.consentLanguage = language; } }, { key: 'getConsentLanguage', value: function getConsentLanguage() { return this.consentLanguage; } }, { key: 'setPurposesAllowed', value: function setPurposesAllowed(purposeIds) { this.allowedPurposeIds = purposeIds; } }, { key: 'getPurposesAllowed', value: function getPurposesAllowed() { return this.allowedPurposeIds; } }, { key: 'setPurposeAllowed', value: function setPurposeAllowed(purposeId, value) { var purposeIndex = this.allowedPurposeIds.indexOf(purposeId); if (value === true) { if (purposeIndex === -1) { this.allowedPurposeIds.push(purposeId); } } else if (value === false) { if (purposeIndex !== -1) { this.allowedPurposeIds.splice(purposeIndex, 1); } } } }, { key: 'isPurposeAllowed', value: function isPurposeAllowed(purposeId) { return this.allowedPurposeIds.indexOf(purposeId) !== -1; } }, { key: 'setVendorsAllowed', value: function setVendorsAllowed(vendorIds) { this.allowedVendorIds = vendorIds; } }, { key: 'getVendorsAllowed', value: function getVendorsAllowed() { return this.allowedVendorIds; } }, { key: 'setVendorAllowed', value: function setVendorAllowed(vendorId, value) { var vendorIndex = this.allowedVendorIds.indexOf(vendorId); if (value === true) { if (vendorIndex === -1) { this.allowedVendorIds.push(vendorId); } } else if (value === false) { if (vendorIndex !== -1) { this.allowedVendorIds.splice(vendorIndex, 1); } } } }, { key: 'isVendorAllowed', value: function isVendorAllowed(vendorId) { return this.allowedVendorIds.indexOf(vendorId) !== -1; } }], [{ key: 'decodeMetadataString', value: function decodeMetadataString(encodedMetadata) { var decodedString = decodeConsentString(encodedMetadata); var metadata = {}; vendorVersionMap[decodedString.version].metadataFields.forEach(function (field) { metadata[field] = decodedString[field]; }); return metadata; } }]); return ConsentString; }(); module.exports = { ConsentString: ConsentString }; },{"./decode":2,"./encode":3,"./utils/definitions":5}],2:[function(require,module,exports){ 'use strict'; var _require = require('./utils/bits'), decodeBitsToIds = _require.decodeBitsToIds, decodeFromBase64 = _require.decodeFromBase64; /** * Decode consent data from a web-safe base64-encoded string * * @param {string} consentString */ function decodeConsentString(consentString) { var _decodeFromBase = decodeFromBase64(consentString), version = _decodeFromBase.version, cmpId = _decodeFromBase.cmpId, vendorListVersion = _decodeFromBase.vendorListVersion, purposeIdBitString = _decodeFromBase.purposeIdBitString, maxVendorId = _decodeFromBase.maxVendorId, created = _decodeFromBase.created, lastUpdated = _decodeFromBase.lastUpdated, isRange = _decodeFromBase.isRange, defaultConsent = _decodeFromBase.defaultConsent, vendorIdBitString = _decodeFromBase.vendorIdBitString, vendorRangeList = _decodeFromBase.vendorRangeList, cmpVersion = _decodeFromBase.cmpVersion, consentScreen = _decodeFromBase.consentScreen, consentLanguage = _decodeFromBase.consentLanguage; var consentStringData = { version: version, cmpId: cmpId, vendorListVersion: vendorListVersion, allowedPurposeIds: decodeBitsToIds(purposeIdBitString), maxVendorId: maxVendorId, created: created, lastUpdated: lastUpdated, cmpVersion: cmpVersion, consentScreen: consentScreen, consentLanguage: consentLanguage }; if (isRange) { /* eslint no-shadow: off */ var idMap = vendorRangeList.reduce(function (acc, _ref) { var isRange = _ref.isRange, startVendorId = _ref.startVendorId, endVendorId = _ref.endVendorId; var lastVendorId = isRange ? endVendorId : startVendorId; for (var i = startVendorId; i <= lastVendorId; i += 1) { acc[i] = true; } return acc; }, {}); consentStringData.allowedVendorIds = []; for (var i = 1; i <= maxVendorId; i += 1) { if (defaultConsent && !idMap[i] || !defaultConsent && idMap[i]) { if (consentStringData.allowedVendorIds.indexOf(i) === -1) { consentStringData.allowedVendorIds.push(i); } } } } else { consentStringData.allowedVendorIds = decodeBitsToIds(vendorIdBitString); } return consentStringData; } module.exports = { decodeConsentString: decodeConsentString }; },{"./utils/bits":4}],3:[function(require,module,exports){ 'use strict'; var _extends = Object.assign || function (target) { for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) { var source = arguments[i]; for (var key in source) { if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, key)) { target[key] = source[key]; } } } return target; }; var _require = require('./utils/bits'), encodeToBase64 = _require.encodeToBase64, padRight = _require.padRight; /** * Encode a list of vendor IDs into bits * * @param {integer} maxVendorId Highest vendor ID in the vendor list * @param {integer[]} allowedVendorIds Vendors that the user has given consent to */ function encodeVendorIdsToBits(maxVendorId) { var allowedVendorIds = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : []; var vendorString = ''; for (var id = 1; id <= maxVendorId; id += 1) { vendorString += allowedVendorIds.indexOf(id) !== -1 ? '1' : '0'; } return padRight(vendorString, Math.max(0, maxVendorId - vendorString.length)); } /** * Encode a list of purpose IDs into bits * * @param {*} purposes List of purposes from the vendor list * @param {*} allowedPurposeIds List of purpose IDs that the user has given consent to */ function encodePurposeIdsToBits(purposes) { var allowedPurposeIds = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : new Set(); var maxPurposeId = 0; for (var i = 0; i < purposes.length; i += 1) { maxPurposeId = Math.max(maxPurposeId, purposes[i].id); } for (var _i = 0; _i < allowedPurposeIds.length; _i += 1) { maxPurposeId = Math.max(maxPurposeId, allowedPurposeIds[_i]); } var purposeString = ''; for (var id = 1; id <= maxPurposeId; id += 1) { purposeString += allowedPurposeIds.indexOf(id) !== -1 ? '1' : '0'; } return purposeString; } /** * Convert a list of vendor IDs to ranges * * @param {object[]} vendors List of vendors from the vendor list (important: this list must to be sorted by ID) * @param {integer[]} allowedVendorIds List of vendor IDs that the user has given consent to */ function convertVendorsToRanges(vendors, allowedVendorIds) { var range = []; var ranges = []; var idsInList = vendors.map(function (vendor) { return vendor.id; }); for (var index = 0; index < vendors.length; index += 1) { var id = vendors[index].id; if (allowedVendorIds.indexOf(id) !== -1) { range.push(id); } // Do we need to close the current range? if ((allowedVendorIds.indexOf(id) === -1 // The vendor we are evaluating is not allowed || index === vendors.length - 1 // There is no more vendor to evaluate || idsInList.indexOf(id + 1) === -1 // There is no vendor after this one (ie there is a gap in the vendor IDs) ; we need to stop here to avoid including vendors that do not have consent ) && range.length) { var startVendorId = range.shift(); var endVendorId = range.pop(); range = []; ranges.push({ isRange: typeof endVendorId === 'number', startVendorId: startVendorId, endVendorId: endVendorId }); } } return ranges; } /** * Get maxVendorId from the list of vendors and return that id * * @param {object} vendors */ function getMaxVendorId(vendors) { // Find the max vendor ID from the vendor list var maxVendorId = 0; vendors.forEach(function (vendor) { if (vendor.id > maxVendorId) { maxVendorId = vendor.id; } }); return maxVendorId; } /** * Encode consent data into a web-safe base64-encoded string * * @param {object} consentData Data to include in the string (see `utils/definitions.js` for the list of fields) */ function encodeConsentString(consentData) { var maxVendorId = consentData.maxVendorId; var _consentData$vendorLi = consentData.vendorList, vendorList = _consentData$vendorLi === undefined ? {} : _consentData$vendorLi, allowedPurposeIds = consentData.allowedPurposeIds, allowedVendorIds = consentData.allowedVendorIds; var _vendorList$vendors = vendorList.vendors, vendors = _vendorList$vendors === undefined ? [] : _vendorList$vendors, _vendorList$purposes = vendorList.purposes, purposes = _vendorList$purposes === undefined ? [] : _vendorList$purposes; // if no maxVendorId is in the ConsentData, get it if (!maxVendorId) { maxVendorId = getMaxVendorId(vendors); } // Encode the data with and without ranges and return the smallest encoded payload var noRangesData = encodeToBase64(_extends({}, consentData, { maxVendorId: maxVendorId, purposeIdBitString: encodePurposeIdsToBits(purposes, allowedPurposeIds), isRange: false, vendorIdBitString: encodeVendorIdsToBits(maxVendorId, allowedVendorIds) })); var vendorRangeList = convertVendorsToRanges(vendors, allowedVendorIds); var rangesData = encodeToBase64(_extends({}, consentData, { maxVendorId: maxVendorId, purposeIdBitString: encodePurposeIdsToBits(purposes, allowedPurposeIds), isRange: true, defaultConsent: false, numEntries: vendorRangeList.length, vendorRangeList: vendorRangeList })); return noRangesData.length < rangesData.length ? noRangesData : rangesData; } module.exports = { convertVendorsToRanges: convertVendorsToRanges, encodeConsentString: encodeConsentString, getMaxVendorId: getMaxVendorId, encodeVendorIdsToBits: encodeVendorIdsToBits, encodePurposeIdsToBits: encodePurposeIdsToBits }; },{"./utils/bits":4}],4:[function(require,module,exports){ 'use strict'; /* eslint no-use-before-define: off */ var base64 = require('base-64'); var _require = require('./definitions'), versionNumBits = _require.versionNumBits, vendorVersionMap = _require.vendorVersionMap; function repeat(count) { var string = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : '0'; var padString = ''; for (var i = 0; i < count; i += 1) { padString += string; } return padString; } function padLeft(string, padding) { return repeat(Math.max(0, padding)) + string; } function padRight(string, padding) { return string + repeat(Math.max(0, padding)); } function encodeIntToBits(number, numBits) { var bitString = ''; if (typeof number === 'number' && !isNaN(number)) { bitString = parseInt(number, 10).toString(2); } // Pad the string if not filling all bits if (numBits >= bitString.length) { bitString = padLeft(bitString, numBits - bitString.length); } // Truncate the string if longer than the number of bits if (bitString.length > numBits) { bitString = bitString.substring(0, numBits); } return bitString; } function encodeBoolToBits(value) { return encodeIntToBits(value === true ? 1 : 0, 1); } function encodeDateToBits(date, numBits) { if (date instanceof Date) { return encodeIntToBits(date.getTime() / 100, numBits); } return encodeIntToBits(date, numBits); } function encodeLetterToBits(letter, numBits) { return encodeIntToBits(letter.toUpperCase().charCodeAt(0) - 65, numBits); } function encodeLanguageToBits(language) { var numBits = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : 12; return encodeLetterToBits(language.slice(0, 1), numBits / 2) + encodeLetterToBits(language.slice(1), numBits / 2); } function decodeBitsToInt(bitString, start, length) { return parseInt(bitString.substr(start, length), 2); } function decodeBitsToDate(bitString, start, length) { return new Date(decodeBitsToInt(bitString, start, length) * 100); } function decodeBitsToBool(bitString, start) { return parseInt(bitString.substr(start, 1), 2) === 1; } function decodeBitsToLetter(bitString) { var letterCode = decodeBitsToInt(bitString); return String.fromCharCode(letterCode + 65).toLowerCase(); } function decodeBitsToLanguage(bitString, start, length) { var languageBitString = bitString.substr(start, length); return decodeBitsToLetter(languageBitString.slice(0, length / 2)) + decodeBitsToLetter(languageBitString.slice(length / 2)); } function encodeField(_ref) { var input = _ref.input, field = _ref.field; var name = field.name, type = field.type, numBits = field.numBits, encoder = field.encoder, validator = field.validator; if (typeof validator === 'function') { if (!validator(input)) { return ''; } } if (typeof encoder === 'function') { return encoder(input); } var bitCount = typeof numBits === 'function' ? numBits(input) : numBits; var inputValue = input[name]; var fieldValue = inputValue === null || inputValue === undefined ? '' : inputValue; switch (type) { case 'int': return encodeIntToBits(fieldValue, bitCount); case 'bool': return encodeBoolToBits(fieldValue); case 'date': return encodeDateToBits(fieldValue, bitCount); case 'bits': return padRight(fieldValue, bitCount - fieldValue.length).substring(0, bitCount); case 'list': return fieldValue.reduce(function (acc, listValue) { return acc + encodeFields({ input: listValue, fields: field.fields }); }, ''); case 'language': return encodeLanguageToBits(fieldValue, bitCount); default: throw new Error('ConsentString - Unknown field type ' + type + ' for encoding'); } } function encodeFields(_ref2) { var input = _ref2.input, fields = _ref2.fields; return fields.reduce(function (acc, field) { acc += encodeField({ input: input, field: field }); return acc; }, ''); } function decodeField(_ref3) { var input = _ref3.input, output = _ref3.output, startPosition = _ref3.startPosition, field = _ref3.field; var type = field.type, numBits = field.numBits, decoder = field.decoder, validator = field.validator, listCount = field.listCount; if (typeof validator === 'function') { if (!validator(output)) { // Not decoding this field so make sure we start parsing the next field at // the same point return { newPosition: startPosition }; } } if (typeof decoder === 'function') { return decoder(input, output, startPosition); } var bitCount = typeof numBits === 'function' ? numBits(output) : numBits; switch (type) { case 'int': return { fieldValue: decodeBitsToInt(input, startPosition, bitCount) }; case 'bool': return { fieldValue: decodeBitsToBool(input, startPosition) }; case 'date': return { fieldValue: decodeBitsToDate(input, startPosition, bitCount) }; case 'bits': return { fieldValue: input.substr(startPosition, bitCount) }; case 'list': return decodeList(input, output, startPosition, field, listCount); case 'language': return { fieldValue: decodeBitsToLanguage(input, startPosition, bitCount) }; default: throw new Error('ConsentString - Unknown field type ' + type + ' for decoding'); } } function decodeList(input, output, startPosition, field, listCount) { var listEntryCount = 0; if (typeof listCount === 'function') { listEntryCount = listCount(output); } else if (typeof listCount === 'number') { listEntryCount = listCount; } var newPosition = startPosition; var fieldValue = []; for (var i = 0; i < listEntryCount; i += 1) { var decodedFields = decodeFields({ input: input, fields: field.fields, startPosition: newPosition }); newPosition = decodedFields.newPosition; fieldValue.push(decodedFields.decodedObject); } return { fieldValue: fieldValue, newPosition: newPosition }; } function decodeFields(_ref4) { var input = _ref4.input, fields = _ref4.fields, _ref4$startPosition = _ref4.startPosition, startPosition = _ref4$startPosition === undefined ? 0 : _ref4$startPosition; var position = startPosition; var decodedObject = fields.reduce(function (acc, field) { var name = field.name, numBits = field.numBits; var _decodeField = decodeField({ input: input, output: acc, startPosition: position, field: field }), fieldValue = _decodeField.fieldValue, newPosition = _decodeField.newPosition; if (fieldValue !== undefined) { acc[name] = fieldValue; } if (newPosition !== undefined) { position = newPosition; } else if (typeof numBits === 'number') { position += numBits; } return acc; }, {}); return { decodedObject: decodedObject, newPosition: position }; } /** * Encode the data properties to a bit string. Encoding will encode * either `selectedVendorIds` or the `vendorRangeList` depending on * the value of the `isRange` flag. */ function encodeDataToBits(data, definitionMap) { var version = data.version; if (typeof version !== 'number') { throw new Error('ConsentString - No version field to encode'); } else if (!definitionMap[version]) { throw new Error('ConsentString - No definition for version ' + version); } else { var fields = definitionMap[version].fields; return encodeFields({ input: data, fields: fields }); } } /** * Take all fields required to encode the consent string and produce the URL safe Base64 encoded value */ function encodeToBase64(data) { var definitionMap = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : vendorVersionMap; var binaryValue = encodeDataToBits(data, definitionMap); if (binaryValue) { // Pad length to multiple of 8 var paddedBinaryValue = padRight(binaryValue, 7 - (binaryValue.length + 7) % 8); // Encode to bytes var bytes = ''; for (var i = 0; i < paddedBinaryValue.length; i += 8) { bytes += String.fromCharCode(parseInt(paddedBinaryValue.substr(i, 8), 2)); } // Make base64 string URL friendly return base64.encode(bytes).replace(/\+/g, '-').replace(/\//g, '_').replace(/=+$/, ''); } return null; } function decodeConsentStringBitValue(bitString) { var definitionMap = arguments.length > 1 && arguments[1] !== undefined ? arguments[1] : vendorVersionMap; var version = decodeBitsToInt(bitString, 0, versionNumBits); if (typeof version !== 'number') { throw new Error('ConsentString - Unknown version number in the string to decode'); } else if (!vendorVersionMap[version]) { throw new Error('ConsentString - Unsupported version ' + version + ' in the string to decode'); } var fields = definitionMap[version].fields; var _decodeFields = decodeFields({ input: bitString, fields: fields }), decodedObject = _decodeFields.decodedObject; return decodedObject; } /** * Decode the (URL safe Base64) value of a consent string into an object. */ function decodeFromBase64(consentString, definitionMap) { // Add padding var unsafe = consentString; while (unsafe.length % 4 !== 0) { unsafe += '='; } // Replace safe characters unsafe = unsafe.replace(/-/g, '+').replace(/_/g, '/'); var bytes = base64.decode(unsafe); var inputBits = ''; for (var i = 0; i < bytes.length; i += 1) { var bitString = bytes.charCodeAt(i).toString(2); inputBits += padLeft(bitString, 8 - bitString.length); } return decodeConsentStringBitValue(inputBits, definitionMap); } function decodeBitsToIds(bitString) { return bitString.split('').reduce(function (acc, bit, index) { if (bit === '1') { if (acc.indexOf(index + 1) === -1) { acc.push(index + 1); } } return acc; }, []); } module.exports = { padRight: padRight, padLeft: padLeft, encodeField: encodeField, encodeDataToBits: encodeDataToBits, encodeIntToBits: encodeIntToBits, encodeBoolToBits: encodeBoolToBits, encodeDateToBits: encodeDateToBits, encodeLanguageToBits: encodeLanguageToBits, encodeLetterToBits: encodeLetterToBits, encodeToBase64: encodeToBase64, decodeBitsToIds: decodeBitsToIds, decodeBitsToInt: decodeBitsToInt, decodeBitsToDate: decodeBitsToDate, decodeBitsToBool: decodeBitsToBool, decodeBitsToLanguage: decodeBitsToLanguage, decodeBitsToLetter: decodeBitsToLetter, decodeFromBase64: decodeFromBase64 }; },{"./definitions":5,"base-64":6}],5:[function(require,module,exports){ 'use strict'; /** * Number of bits for encoding the version integer * Expected to be the same across versions */ var versionNumBits = 6; /** * Definition of the consent string encoded format * * From https://github.com/InteractiveAdvertisingBureau/GDPR-Transparency-and-Consent-Framework/blob/master/Draft_for_Public_Comment_Transparency%20%26%20Consent%20Framework%20-%20cookie%20and%20vendor%20list%20format%20specification%20v1.0a.pdf */ var vendorVersionMap = { /** * Version 1 */ 1: { version: 1, metadataFields: ['version', 'created', 'lastUpdated', 'cmpId', 'cmpVersion', 'consentScreen', 'vendorListVersion'], fields: [{ name: 'version', type: 'int', numBits: 6 }, { name: 'created', type: 'date', numBits: 36 }, { name: 'lastUpdated', type: 'date', numBits: 36 }, { name: 'cmpId', type: 'int', numBits: 12 }, { name: 'cmpVersion', type: 'int', numBits: 12 }, { name: 'consentScreen', type: 'int', numBits: 6 }, { name: 'consentLanguage', type: 'language', numBits: 12 }, { name: 'vendorListVersion', type: 'int', numBits: 12 }, { name: 'purposeIdBitString', type: 'bits', numBits: 24 }, { name: 'maxVendorId', type: 'int', numBits: 16 }, { name: 'isRange', type: 'bool', numBits: 1 }, { name: 'vendorIdBitString', type: 'bits', numBits: function numBits(decodedObject) { return decodedObject.maxVendorId; }, validator: function validator(decodedObject) { return !decodedObject.isRange; } }, { name: 'defaultConsent', type: 'bool', numBits: 1, validator: function validator(decodedObject) { return decodedObject.isRange; } }, { name: 'numEntries', numBits: 12, type: 'int', validator: function validator(decodedObject) { return decodedObject.isRange; } }, { name: 'vendorRangeList', type: 'list', listCount: function listCount(decodedObject) { return decodedObject.numEntries; }, validator: function validator(decodedObject) { return decodedObject.isRange; }, fields: [{ name: 'isRange', type: 'bool', numBits: 1 }, { name: 'startVendorId', type: 'int', numBits: 16 }, { name: 'endVendorId', type: 'int', numBits: 16, validator: function validator(decodedObject) { return decodedObject.isRange; } }] }] } }; module.exports = { versionNumBits: versionNumBits, vendorVersionMap: vendorVersionMap }; },{}],6:[function(require,module,exports){ (function (global){ /*! http://mths.be/base64 v0.1.0 by @mathias | MIT license */ ;(function(root) { // Detect free variables `exports`. var freeExports = typeof exports == 'object' && exports; // Detect free variable `module`. var freeModule = typeof module == 'object' && module && module.exports == freeExports && module; // Detect free variable `global`, from Node.js or Browserified code, and use // it as `root`. var freeGlobal = typeof global == 'object' && global; if (freeGlobal.global === freeGlobal || freeGlobal.window === freeGlobal) { root = freeGlobal; } /*--------------------------------------------------------------------------*/ var InvalidCharacterError = function(message) { this.message = message; }; InvalidCharacterError.prototype = new Error; InvalidCharacterError.prototype.name = 'InvalidCharacterError'; var error = function(message) { // Note: the error messages used throughout this file match those used by // the native `atob`/`btoa` implementation in Chromium. throw new InvalidCharacterError(message); }; var TABLE = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/'; // http://whatwg.org/html/common-microsyntaxes.html#space-character var REGEX_SPACE_CHARACTERS = /[\t\n\f\r ]/g; // `decode` is designed to be fully compatible with `atob` as described in the // HTML Standard. http://whatwg.org/html/webappapis.html#dom-windowbase64-atob // The optimized base64-decoding algorithm used is based on @atk’s excellent // implementation. https://gist.github.com/atk/1020396 var decode = function(input) { input = String(input) .replace(REGEX_SPACE_CHARACTERS, ''); var length = input.length; if (length % 4 == 0) { input = input.replace(/==?$/, ''); length = input.length; } if ( length % 4 == 1 || // http://whatwg.org/C#alphanumeric-ascii-characters /[^+a-zA-Z0-9/]/.test(input) ) { error( 'Invalid character: the string to be decoded is not correctly encoded.' ); } var bitCounter = 0; var bitStorage; var buffer; var output = ''; var position = -1; while (++position < length) { buffer = TABLE.indexOf(input.charAt(position)); bitStorage = bitCounter % 4 ? bitStorage * 64 + buffer : buffer; // Unless this is the first of a group of 4 characters… if (bitCounter++ % 4) { // …convert the first 8 bits to a single ASCII character. output += String.fromCharCode( 0xFF & bitStorage >> (-2 * bitCounter & 6) ); } } return output; }; // `encode` is designed to be fully compatible with `btoa` as described in the // HTML Standard: http://whatwg.org/html/webappapis.html#dom-windowbase64-btoa var encode = function(input) { input = String(input); if (/[^\0-\xFF]/.test(input)) { // Note: no need to special-case astral symbols here, as surrogates are // matched, and the input is supposed to only contain ASCII anyway. error( 'The string to be encoded contains characters outside of the ' + 'Latin1 range.' ); } var padding = input.length % 3; var output = ''; var position = -1; var a; var b; var c; var d; var buffer; // Make sure any padding is handled outside of the loop. var length = input.length - padding; while (++position < length) { // Read three bytes, i.e. 24 bits. a = input.charCodeAt(position) << 16; b = input.charCodeAt(++position) << 8; c = input.charCodeAt(++position); buffer = a + b + c; // Turn the 24 bits into four chunks of 6 bits each, and append the // matching character for each of them to the output. output += ( TABLE.charAt(buffer >> 18 & 0x3F) + TABLE.charAt(buffer >> 12 & 0x3F) + TABLE.charAt(buffer >> 6 & 0x3F) + TABLE.charAt(buffer & 0x3F) ); } if (padding == 2) { a = input.charCodeAt(position) << 8; b = input.charCodeAt(++position); buffer = a + b; output += ( TABLE.charAt(buffer >> 10) + TABLE.charAt((buffer >> 4) & 0x3F) + TABLE.charAt((buffer << 2) & 0x3F) + '=' ); } else if (padding == 1) { buffer = input.charCodeAt(position); output += ( TABLE.charAt(buffer >> 2) + TABLE.charAt((buffer << 4) & 0x3F) + '==' ); } return output; }; var base64 = { 'encode': encode, 'decode': decode, 'version': '0.1.0' }; // Some AMD build optimizers, like r.js, check for specific condition patterns // like the following: if ( typeof define == 'function' && typeof define.amd == 'object' && define.amd ) { define(function() { return base64; }); } else if (freeExports && !freeExports.nodeType) { if (freeModule) { // in Node.js or RingoJS v0.8.0+ freeModule.exports = base64; } else { // in Narwhal or RingoJS v0.7.0- for (var key in base64) { base64.hasOwnProperty(key) && (freeExports[key] = base64[key]); } } } else { // in Rhino or a web browser root.base64 = base64; } }(this)); }).call(this,typeof global !== "undefined" ? global : typeof self !== "undefined" ? self : typeof window !== "undefined" ? window : {}) },{}],7:[function(require,module,exports){ 'use strict'; var _require = require('./consent-string'), ConsentString = _require.ConsentString; var _require2 = require('./decode'), decodeConsentString = _require2.decodeConsentString; var _require3 = require('./encode'), encodeConsentString = _require3.encodeConsentString; module.exports = { ConsentString: ConsentString, decodeConsentString: decodeConsentString, encodeConsentString: encodeConsentString }; },{"./consent-string":1,"./decode":2,"./encode":3}]},{},[7])(7) }); </script><script type="application/javascript" data-script="vendorService.js"> "use strict"; var cachedData = {}; var callbacks = { gvl: [], pvl: [] }; // Path changed to "/.well-known/pubvendors.json" var endpoints = { gvl: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://service.cmp.oath.com/cmp/v0/vendor_list/global', pvl: "".concat(document.location.origin, "/.well-known/pubvendors.json") }; var endpointExists = {}; /** * Fetches type list, either IAB global list from Oath's file * or publisher list from pubvendors file * * @param {string} type - gvl or pvl * @param {function} callback - function(response, success) */ var fetchList = function fetchList(type, callback) { if (endpointExists[type] === false) { // we have already determined endpoint does not exist callback(undefined, false); return; } if (callbacks[type].length) { callbacks[type].push(callback); return; } if (cachedData[type]) { callback(cachedData[type], true); return; } callbacks[type].push(callback); try { fetch(endpoints[type]).then(function (response) { return response.json(); }).then(function (response) { endpointExists[type] = true; cachedData[type] = response; // pass response to callbacks while (callbacks[type].length) { callbacks[type].shift()(response, true); } }).catch(function () { endpointExists[type] = false; // pass failure response to callbacks while (callbacks[type].length) { callbacks[type].shift()(undefined, false); } }); } catch (e) { (function($) { return $.getJSON(endpoints[type]) .done(function (response) { endpointExists[type] = true; cachedData[type] = response; // pass response to callbacks while (callbacks[type].length) { callbacks[type].shift()(response, true); } }) .fail(function () { endpointExists[type] = false; // pass failure response to callbacks while (callbacks[type].length) { callbacks[type].shift()(undefined, false); } }) })(jQuery); } }; /** * Combine the global vendor list with the pubvendors.json to create * a publisher specific vendor list. The resulting list contains only * the vendors defined in the pubvendors.json file. * * @param {object} gvl - global vendor list * @param {object} pvl = publisher vendor list * @returns {object} merged vendor list object */ var mergeVendorListData = function mergeVendorListData(gvl, pvl) { var vendors = []; var gvlVendorMap = {}; var v; var id; var vendor; // build gvl vendor map for (v = 0; v < gvl.vendors.length; v += 1) { vendor = gvl.vendors[v]; gvlVendorMap[vendor.id] = vendor; } for (v = 0; v < pvl.vendors.length; v += 1) { id = pvl.vendors[v].id; if (gvlVendorMap[id]) { vendors.push(gvlVendorMap[id]); } } var mergedVL = JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(gvl)); mergedVL.vendors = vendors; return mergedVL; }; /** * Fetch global vendor list and pubvendors.json, merge * the data, and return the result in the callback * * @param {Function} callback - callback(vendorList, success} */ var getVendorList = function getVendorList(callback) { fetchList('gvl', function (gvl, gvlSuccess) { if (gvlSuccess) { fetchList('pvl', function (pvl, pvlSuccess) { if (pvlSuccess) { // merge gvl and pvl data and return it var mergedData = mergeVendorListData(gvl, pvl); callback(mergedData, !!mergedData); } else { // failed to get pubvendors.json. It either doesn't exist or is // not properly formatted. Return gvl callback(gvl, true); } }); } else { // failed to load gvl callback(undefined, false); } }); }; </script><div id="cmp-container-id"></div> <script type="application/javascript" data-script="cmp3p.js"> /* CMP 2.14.0 */ window.__cmpEnv='PROD'; !function(e){var n={};function t(o){if(n[o])return n[o].exports;var r=n[o]={i:o,l:!1,exports:{}};return e[o].call(r.exports,r,r.exports,t),r.l=!0,r.exports}t.m=e,t.c=n,t.d=function(e,n,o){t.o(e,n)||Object.defineProperty(e,n,{configurable:!1,enumerable:!0,get:o})},t.n=function(e){var n=e&&e.__esModule?function(){return e.default}:function(){return e};return t.d(n,"a",n),n},t.o=function(e,n){return Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,n)},t.p="/",t(t.s=10)}([function(e,n,t){"use strict";var o=function(){return{parseQuery:function(e){var n={};if(e){"?"===e[0]&&(e=e.substring(1));for(var t=e.split("&"),o=0;o<t.length;o++){var r=t[o].split("=");r[0]&&(n[decodeURIComponent(r[0])]=decodeURIComponent(r[1]))}}return n},stringifyQuery:function(e){var n=[];for(var t in e)n.push(encodeURIComponent(t)+"="+encodeURIComponent(e[t]));return n.join("&")},isUndefined:function(e){return"undefined"!==e&&void 0===e},isNumeric:function(e){return!isNaN(parseFloat(e))&&isFinite(e)},toBoolean:function(e){return"string"==typeof e?"true"===e||"1"===e:!!e},logMessage:function(e,n){console&&"function"==typeof console[e]&&console[e](n)},addWindowMessageListener:function(e,n){(e=e||window).addEventListener?e.addEventListener("message",n,!1):e.attachEvent("onmessage",n)},parsePostMessageData:function(e){var n=e||"";if("string"==typeof e)try{n=JSON.parse(e)}catch(e){}return n},ajax:function(e,n,t,o){var r=window.XMLHttpRequest?new XMLHttpRequest:new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"),i=function(){var e=void 0!==r.status?r.status:200,n=r.responseText;try{n=200===e?JSON.parse(r.responseText):void 0}catch(e){}t(n,e)};window.XDomainRequest&&((r=new XDomainRequest).onload=i),r.onreadystatechange=function(e){4===r.readyState&&i()},n&&(r.withCredentials=!0);try{r.open("GET",e,!1!==o),r.send(null)}catch(e){t(void 0,0)}},getMetaTagContent:function(e){var n=new RegExp(":","g"),t=e.replace(n,"\\:"),o=document.head.querySelector("[name="+t+"]");return o?o.content:void 0},documentReady:function(e){"loading"!==document.readyState?e():document.addEventListener?document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e):document.attachEvent("onreadystatechange",function(){"complete"===document.readyState&&e()})},isSafeUrl:function(e){return-1===(e=(e||"").replace(" ","")).toLowerCase().indexOf("javascript:")},isHostedUI:function(e){var n=RegExp(/\.oath\.com$/),t=document.createElement("a");return t.href=e,n.test(t.hostname)}}}();n.a=o},function(e,n,t){"use strict";var o=t(0),r=function(){var e,n=function(e){return function(){var e,n,t,o,r,i=document.cookie;if(e={},i)for(n=0,t=(r=i.split(";")).length;n<t;n++)e[(o=r[n].split(/=(.+)/))[0].trim()]=(o[1]||"").trim();return e}()[e]},t=function(n,t,r){var i=new Date,a=r?31536e6:864e5;i.setTime(i.getTime()+a);var s=e?"domain="+e+"; ":"";document.cookie=o.a.isUndefined(t)?n+"=; "+s+"path=/; Max-Age=0":n+"="+t+"; "+s+"path=/; expires="+i.toGMTString()+";"},r=function(){var e=n("cmp"),t=e?o.a.parseQuery(e):{};return Math.round(Date.now()/1e3)-(t.t||0)>3600},i=function(){var e=Math.round(Date.now()/1e3),r=n("cmp"),i=r?o.a.parseQuery(r):{};i.t=e,t("cmp",o.a.stringifyQuery(i),!0)},a=function(){var e=n("cmp"),t=e?o.a.parseQuery(e):{};if(!o.a.isUndefined(t.j)&&!r())return o.a.toBoolean(t.j)},s=function(e){var r=n("cmp"),a=r?o.a.parseQuery(r):{};o.a.isUndefined(e)?delete a.j:(e=o.a.toBoolean(e),a.j=e?"1":"0"),t("cmp",o.a.stringifyQuery(a),!0),i()};return{setCookieDomain:function(n){if(n)try{var t=document.location.host.split(":")[0];new RegExp(n+"$").test(t)?e=n:o.a.logMessage("error","CMP Error: Invalid cookie domain. Domain must be an ancestor of the current domain")}catch(e){}else e=n},getConsentString:function(){var e=n("EuConsent");return"undefined"!==e?e:void 0},setConsentString:function(e,n){t("EuConsent",e,n),i()},isConsentStringStale:r,setGdprAppliesGlobally:function(e){if(e)return s(a()||o.a.toBoolean(e))},setIsUserInEU:function(e){if(!o.a.isUndefined(e))return s(a()||o.a.toBoolean(e))},setGdprApplies:s,getGdprApplies:a,getPubVendorListVersion:function(){var e=n("cmp"),t=e?o.a.parseQuery(e):{};return t.v&&parseInt(t.v)},setPubVendorListVersion:function(e){var r=n("cmp"),i=r?o.a.parseQuery(r):{};i.v=e,t("cmp",o.a.stringifyQuery(i),!0)},getAllowedOathVendorIds:function(){var e=n("cmp");return(e?o.a.parseQuery(e):{}).o||""},setAllowedOathVendorIds:function(e){var r=n("cmp"),i=r?o.a.parseQuery(r):{};e?i.o=e:delete i.o,t("cmp",o.a.stringifyQuery(i),!0)}}}();n.a=r},function(e,n){!function(){var e=!1;function n(e){var n="string"==typeof e.data,t=e.data;if(n)try{t=JSON.parse(e.data)}catch(e){}if(t&&t.__cmpCall){var o=t.__cmpCall;window.__cmp(o.command,o.parameter,function(t,r){var i={__cmpReturn:{returnValue:t,success:r,callId:o.callId}};e&&e.source&&e.source.postMessage(n?JSON.stringify(i):i,"*")})}}"function"==typeof __cmp||(window.__cmp=function(){var n=arguments;if(__cmp.a=__cmp.a||[],!n.length)return __cmp.a;"ping"===n[0]?n[2]({gdprAppliesGlobally:e,cmpLoaded:!1},!0):__cmp.a.push([].slice.apply(n))},function e(){if(document.body&&document.body.firstChild){var n=document.body,t=document.createElement("iframe");t.style.display="none",t.height=t.width=0,t.name="__cmpLocator",n.insertBefore(t,n.firstChild)}else setTimeout(e,5)}(),window.addEventListener?window.addEventListener("message",n,!1):window.attachEvent("onmessage",n))}()},function(e,n,t){"use strict";var o=t(1),r=t(0),i=function(){var e,n=[],t=!1,a=function(n){return void 0!==n&&(e=n),e},s=function(e){n.push({method:e,args:[].slice.call(arguments,1)})},d=function(e,n){if(a()||n){var t=o.a.getConsentString();void 0===t?e(void 0,!1):e(t,!0)}else s(d,e)},u=function(e){if(a()){var n=o.a.getGdprApplies();if(r.a.isUndefined(n))return e(void 0,!1);e(n,!0)}else i.queueRequestUntilInitialized(u,e)};return{isInitialized:a,queueRequestUntilInitialized:s,initializationComplete:function(){if(!a())for(a(!0);n.length;){var e=n.shift();"function"==typeof e.method&&e.method.apply(null,[].slice.call(e.args))}},setGdprAppliesGlobally:function(e){t=e,o.a.setGdprAppliesGlobally(e)},ping:function(e,n){n({gdprAppliesGlobally:t,cmpLoaded:!0})},getConsentString:d,isUserInEU:u}}();n.a=i},function(e,n,t){"use strict";var o=function(e){var n=6,t=36,o=36,r=12,i=12,a=6,s=12,d=12,u=24,c=16,l=1,f=12,p=1,g=1,v=16,m=16;!function(){var e="undefined"!=typeof exports?exports:"undefined"!=typeof self?self:window,n="ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=";function t(e){this.message=e}t.prototype=new Error,t.prototype.name="InvalidCharacterError",e.btoa||(e.btoa=function(e){for(var o,r,i=String(e),a=0,s=n,d="";i.charAt(0|a)||(s="=",a%1);d+=s.charAt(63&o>>8-a%1*8)){if((r=i.charCodeAt(a+=.75))>255)throw new t("'btoa' failed: The string to be encoded contains characters outside of the Latin1 range.");o=o<<8|r}return d}),e.atob||(e.atob=function(e){var o=String(e).replace(/[=]+$/,"");if(o.length%4==1)throw new t("'atob' failed: The string to be decoded is not correctly encoded.");for(var r,i,a=0,s=0,d="";i=o.charAt(s++);~i&&(r=a%4?64*r+i:i,a++%4)?d+=String.fromCharCode(255&r>>(-2*a&6)):0)i=n.indexOf(i);return d})}();var h=function(){var e="a".charCodeAt(0),y="00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000",w=function(){this.binaryStr="",this.addField=function(e,n,t){var o=(e+0||0).toString(2);if(o.length<n)o=y.substr(0,n-o.length)+o;else if(o.length>n)throw new Error("Encountered an overflow setting cookie field "+t);this.binaryStr+=o}};return{build:function(e){e.version=1,e.cmpId=14,e.cmpVersion=1;var n=h.encodeBinary(e),t=h.binaryToBytes(n);return h.toWebSafeBase64(t)},setAll:function(e){var n=h.fromWebSafeBase64(e),t=h.bytesToBinary(n);return h.decodeBinary(t)},bytesToBinary:function(e){for(var n="",t=["0000","0001","0010","0011","0100","0101","0110","0111","1000","1001","1010","1011","1100","1101","1110","1111"],o=function(e){return t[e>>>4&15]+t[15&e]},r=0;r<e.length;r++)n+=o(e.charCodeAt(r));return{string:n,atPos:0,getBits:function(e){var n=parseInt(this.string.substr(this.atPos,e),2);return this.atPos+=e,n}}},binaryToBytes:function(e){var n="";e+=y.substr(0,7-(e.length+7)%8);for(var t=0;t<e.length;t+=8)n+=String.fromCharCode(parseInt(e.substr(t,8),2));return n},toWebSafeBase64:function(e){return btoa(e).replace(/\+/g,"-").replace(/\//g,"_").replace(/=+$/,"")},fromWebSafeBase64:function(e){return atob(e.replace(/-/g,"+").replace(/_/g,"/"))},languageFromCookieValue:function(n){return String.fromCharCode(e+n/64>>>0)+String.fromCharCode(e+n%64)},languageToCookieValue:function(n){return 64*(n.charCodeAt(0)-e)+(n.charCodeAt(1)-e)},dateFromDeciseconds:function(e){return new Date(100*e)},dateToDeciseconds:function(e){return Math.floor(e.getTime()/100)},decodeBinary:function(e){var y=e.getBits(n);if(1!==y)throw new Error("Cookie version "+y+" is not supported");var w,C={version:y,created:h.dateFromDeciseconds(e.getBits(t)),lastUpdated:h.dateFromDeciseconds(e.getBits(o)),cmpId:e.getBits(r),cmpVersion:e.getBits(i),consentScreen:e.getBits(a),consentLanguage:h.languageFromCookieValue(e.getBits(s)),vendorListVersion:e.getBits(d),purposesAllowed:e.getBits(u),maxVendorId:e.getBits(c),encodingType:e.getBits(l)},b=C.maxVendorId,I=new Array(b+1);if(0===C.encodingType){var E=e.string.length-e.atPos;if(E<b)throw new Error("Incorrect bitfield size: "+E+" < "+b);for(w=0;w<b;w++)I[w+1]="1"===e.string.charAt(e.atPos+w)}else{for(C.defaultConsent=1===e.getBits(p),w=0;w<b;w++)I[w+1]=C.defaultConsent;for(C.numEntries=e.getBits(f),w=0;w<C.numEntries;w++){var S=1===e.getBits(g),A=e.getBits(v),U=S?e.getBits(m):A;if(e.atPos>e.string.length)throw new Error("Not enough bits for numEntries in ranges");if(A>U||U>b)throw new Error("Invalid vendorId range: "+A+"-"+U+". The max valid vendorId is: "+b);for(var L=A;L<=U;L++)I[L]=!C.defaultConsent}}return C.vendorConsents=I,C},encodeRanges:function(e){for(var n,t,o=new w,r=e.vendorConsents,i=!!r[1],a=!1,s=e.maxVendorId,d=0,u=2;u<=s;u++){var c=!!r[u]!=!!i;if(c&&(a||(n=u,a=!0),t=u),a&&(!c||u===s)){d++;var l=t>n;if(o.addField(l?1:0,g,"isRange"),o.addField(n,v,"startVendorId"),l&&o.addField(t,m,"endVendorId"),13+o.binaryStr.length>s)return null;a=!1}}return{binary:o,defaultConsent:i?1:0,numEntries:d}},encodeBinary:function(e){var g=e.vendorConsents,v=new w;if(1!==e.version)throw new Error("version "+e.version+" not supported");v.addField(e.version,n,"version"),v.addField(h.dateToDeciseconds(e.created),t,"created"),v.addField(h.dateToDeciseconds(e.lastUpdated),o,"lastUpdated"),v.addField(e.cmpId,r,"cmpId"),v.addField(e.cmpVersion,i,"cmpVersion"),v.addField(e.consentScreen,a,"consentScreen"),v.addField(h.languageToCookieValue(e.consentLanguage||"en"),s,"consentLanguage"),v.addField(e.vendorListVersion,d,"vendorListVersion"),v.addField(e.purposesAllowed,u,"purposesAllowed"),v.addField(e.maxVendorId,c,"maxVendorId");var m=h.encodeRanges(e);if(e.encodingType=m?1:0,v.addField(e.encodingType,l,"encodingType"),0===e.encodingType)for(var y=1;y<=e.maxVendorId;y++)v.binaryStr+=g[y]?"1":"0";else e.defaultConsent=m.defaultConsent,e.numEntries=m.numEntries,v.addField(e.defaultConsent,p,"defaultConsent"),v.addField(e.numEntries,f,"numEntries"),v.binaryStr+=m.binary.binaryStr;return v.binaryStr}}}(),y={vendorConsents:[]};return{setMaxVendorId:function(e){y.maxVendorId=e},getMaxVendorId:function(){return y.maxVendorId},setVendorConsent:function(e,n){y.vendorConsents[n]=!!e},setAllVendorConsents:function(e){for(var n=1;n<=y.maxVendorId;n++)y.vendorConsents[n]=!!e},getAllVendorConsents:function(){for(var e={},n=1;n<y.vendorConsents.length;n++)e[n]=!!y.vendorConsents[n];return e},getVendorConsent:function(e){return!!y.vendorConsents[e]},setPurposeConsent:function(e,n){var t=1<<u-n;y.purposesAllowed=e?y.purposesAllowed|t:y.purposesAllowed&~t},setAllPurposeConsents:function(e){for(var n=1;n<=24;n++){var t=1<<u-n;y.purposesAllowed=e?y.purposesAllowed|t:y.purposesAllowed&~t}},getAllPurposeConsents:function(){for(var e={},n=1;n<=u;n++){var t=1<<u-n;e[n]=0!=(y.purposesAllowed&t)}return e},getPurposeConsent:function(e){var n=1<<u-e;return 0!=(y.purposesAllowed&n)},setVendorListVersion:function(e){y.vendorListVersion=e},getVendorListVersion:function(){return y.vendorListVersion},build:function(){return y.created||(y.created=new Date),y.lastUpdated=new Date,h.build(y)},setAll:function(e){y=h.setAll(e)}}}(window);n.a=o},function(e,n,t){"use strict";var o=t(6),r=t(0),i=function(e){var n,t=o.a.cmpAPIUrl+"v0/location/eu",i=o.a.cmpAPIUrl+"v0/vendor_list/global",a=o.a.cmpAPIUrl+"v0/measurement/events",s={},d={},u={},c=function(e,n,t,o){var i="";if(n){var a=[];for(var s in n)a.push(encodeURIComponent(s)+"="+encodeURIComponent(n[s]));i="?"+a.join("&")}var d=e+i;u[d]&&u[d].length?u[d].push(t):(u[d]=[t],r.a.ajax(e+i,!1,function(e,n){for(;u[d].length;){e=200===n?e:void 0;var t=200===n;u[d].shift()(e,t)}},o))},l=function(e,n){if(s[e])n(s[e],!0);else{var t=r.a.isNumeric(e)?{version:e}:{};c(i,t,function(t,o){o?(s[e]=t,n(s[e],!0)):n(void 0,!1)})}};return{isUserInEU:function(e){c(t,null,function(n,t){e(t?r.a.toBoolean(n.result):void 0,t)})},getVendorList:l,getVendorListFromPubVendors:function(e,t){s.null?t(s.null,!0):l(null,function(o,i){if(i){for(var a=0;a<o.vendors.length;a++){var c=o.vendors[a];d[c.id]=c}!function(e,t){if(!1!==n){var o=(e||"")+"/.well-known/pubvendors.json",i=(e||"")+"/pubvendors.json";u[o]&&u[o].length?u[o].push(t):(u[o]=[t],r.a.ajax(o,!1,function(e,t){if(n=200===t)for("object"!=typeof e&&(n=!1,r.a.logMessage("error","CMP Error: Invalid pubvendors.json format"));u[o].length;)u[o].shift()(e,n);else r.a.ajax(i,!1,function(e,t){for((n=200===t)&&"object"!=typeof e&&(n=!1,r.a.logMessage("error","CMP Error: Invalid pubvendors.json format"));u[o].length;)u[o].shift()(e,n)})}))}else t(void 0,!1)}(e,function(e,n){if(n){var i=function(e,n){for(var t=[],o=0;o<n.vendors.length;o++){var i=n.vendors[o].id;d[i]?t.push(d[i]):r.a.logMessage("error","CMP Error: pubvendors.json references vendor id "+i+" which does not exist in the Global Vendor List")}var a=JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(e));return a.vendors=t,a}(o,e);s.null=i,t(i,!!i)}else s.null=o,t(s.null,!0)})}else t(void 0,!1)})},CMPEvent:function(){var n=window.location.host,t=n.indexOf(":");t>0&&(n=n.substr(0,t));var o={ev_type:"A",gdpr:"N",p_domain:n=n.substr(n.length-255)},r=null;this.setPublisherId=function(e){return isNaN(parseInt(e))||(o.p_id=e),this},this.setGdpr=function(e){return o.gdpr=e,this},this.setGdprConsent=function(e){return o.consent=e,this},this.setType=function(e){return o.ev_type=e,this},this.markConsentRenderStartTime=function(){r=Date.now();var n=this;return e.addEventListener?(e.addEventListener("beforeunload",function(){n.fire(!1)},!1),e.addEventListener("unload",function(){n.fire(!1)},!1)):(e.attachEvent("onbeforeunload",function(){n.fire(!1)}),e.attachEvent("onunload",function(){n.fire(!1)})),this},this.fire=function(e){r&&(o.ev_duration=Math.round((Date.now()-r)/1e3)),o.fired||function(e,n){c(a,e||{},function(n,t){e.fired=t},n)}(o,e)}},clearCache:function(){s={},d={},n=void 0,u={}}}}(window);n.a=i},function(e,n,t){"use strict";var o={LOCAL:{cmpAPIUrl:"https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://service-dev.cmp.oath.com/cmp/"},DEV:{cmpAPIUrl:"https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://service-dev.cmp.oath.com/cmp/"},PROD:{cmpAPIUrl:"https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://service.cmp.oath.com/cmp/"}}[window.__cmpEnv||"LOCAL"];n.a=o},,,,function(e,n,t){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(n,"__esModule",{value:!0});var o=t(2),r=(t.n(o),t(11)),i=t(12),a=t(13),s=t(1),d=t(5),u=t(4),c=t(0),l=t(3),f=!1,p=function(e,n){if(f&&!n)return e.__cmp;f=!0;for(var t,o=n||"function"!=typeof e.__cmp?[]:__cmp()||[],p={},g=[],v=[],m=new d.a.CMPEvent,h=function(e,n){l.a.getConsentString(function(n,o){o?e(n,!0):g.length?g.push(e):t?(g.push(e),r.a.getConsentString(function(e,n){for(s.a.setConsentString(e);g.length;)g.shift()(e,n)})):e(void 0,!0)},n)},y=function(e){t?(s.a.setConsentString(e,!1),r.a.setConsentString(e,function(n,t){t||s.a.setConsentString(e,!0)})):s.a.setConsentString(e,!0)},w=function(e){l.a.isUserInEU(function(n,t){if(t)e(n,!0);else{if(v.length)return void v.push(e);v.push(e),d.a.isUserInEU(function(e){for(s.a.setIsUserInEU(e);v.length;)v.shift()(e)})}})},C=function(e,n){h(function(e,t){w(function(o,r){n({consentData:e,gdprApplies:s.a.getGdprApplies(),hasGlobalScope:!1},t&&r)})})},b=function(e){m.markConsentRenderStartTime();var n=p.uiUrl?i.a:a.a;l.a.isInitialized()?l.a.getConsentString(function(t,o){p.consentString=t,n.renderConsents(p,function(n,t){m.setType("C").setGdprConsent(n).fire(),y(n),"function"==typeof e&&e(n,t)})}):n.renderConsents(p,function(n,t){m.setType("C").setGdprConsent(n).fire(),y(n),"function"==typeof e&&e(n,t)})},I=function(e){if(e)return{init:function(e){if(!l.a.isInitialized())if((p=e||{}).uiCustomParams=p.uiCustomParams||{},p.uiUrl||p.organizationId)if(c.a.isSafeUrl(p.uiUrl)){p.gdprAppliesGlobally&&(l.a.setGdprAppliesGlobally(!0),m.setGdpr("S"),m.setPublisherId(p.organizationId)),(t=p.sharedConsentDomain)&&r.a.init(t),s.a.setCookieDomain(p.cookieDomain);var n=s.a.getGdprApplies();!0===n?(p.gdprAppliesGlobally||m.setGdpr("C"),h(function(e){e?l.a.initializationComplete():b(l.a.initializationComplete)},!0)):!1===n?l.a.initializationComplete():d.a.isUserInEU(function(e,n){n||(e=!0),s.a.setIsUserInEU(e),e?(m.setGdpr("L"),h(function(e){e?l.a.initializationComplete():b(l.a.initializationComplete)},!0)):l.a.initializationComplete()})}else c.a.logMessage("error",'CMP Error: Invalid config value for (uiUrl). Valid format is "http[s]://example.com/path/to/cmpui.html"');else c.a.logMessage("error","CMP Error: Required config (organizationId) was not set. If you are hosting your own UI, then the uiUrl parameter is missing and the organizationId is not required.")},ping:l.a.ping,getPublisherConsents:function(e,n){C(null,function(t,o){if(o){u.a.setAll(t.consentData);var r=Array.isArray(e),i=u.a.getAllPurposeConsents();d.a.getVendorListFromPubVendors(null,function(o,a){var s={};if(a)for(var d in o.purposes){var u=o.purposes[d].id;(!r||e.indexOf(u)>-1)&&(s[u]=i[u])}else s=i;var c={gdprApplies:t.gdprApplies,hasGlobalScope:t.hasGlobalScope,standardPurposeConsents:s};n(c,!0)})}else n({},!1)})},getVendorConsents:function(e,n){C(null,function(e,t){e.consentData?d.a.getVendorListFromPubVendors(null,function(o,r){u.a.setAll(e.consentData);var i=u.a.getAllPurposeConsents(),a=u.a.getAllVendorConsents(),s={},d={};if(r){var c;for(var l in o.purposes)s[c=o.purposes[l].id]=i[c];for(var f in o.vendors)d[c=o.vendors[f].id]=a[c]}var p={metadata:e.consentData,gdprApplies:e.gdprApplies,hasGlobalScope:e.hasGlobalScope,purposeConsents:s,vendorConsents:d};n(p,t&&r)}):n({gdprApplies:e.gdprApplies,hasGlobalScope:e.hasGlobalScope,purposeConsents:{},vendorConsents:{}},t)})},getConsentData:C,getConsentString:h,isUserInEU:w,renderConsents:b}[e].apply(null,[].slice.call(arguments,1))};o.length;)try{I.apply(null,o.shift())}catch(e){c.a.logMessage("error","CMP: Error executing request",e)}return I};window.__cmp=p(window);var g={createInstance:function(e){return p(window,e)}};n.default=g},function(e,n,t){"use strict";var o=t(0),r=function(e){var n=null,t=null,r=!1,i=[],a={};var s=function(e,o,s){var d="cmp-iframe-"+Date.now();"function"==typeof s&&(a[d]=s);var u={__cmpDomainCall:{command:e,parameter:o,callId:d}};r?t.contentWindow.postMessage(JSON.stringify(u),n):i.push(u)};return{init:function(s){if(s&&(n="https://"+function(e){var n;return e!==(n=(n=(n=e.indexOf("://")>-1?e.split("/")[2]:e.split("/")[0]).split("?")[0]).split("#")[0])&&o.a.logMessage("warn","CMP Warning: sharedConsentDomain should not include the URL scheme, path or query parameters"),n}(s)+"/domain/cmp-domain.html",!document.getElementById("consent-domain-iframe"))){(t=document.createElement("iframe")).src=n,t.id="consent-domain-iframe",t.style.display="none",t.height=t.width=0;var d=function(){for(r=!0;i.length;)t.contentWindow.postMessage(JSON.stringify(i.shift()),n)};t.addEventListener?t.addEventListener("load",d,!1):t.attachEvent&&t.attachEvent("onload",d),document.body.appendChild(t),o.a.addWindowMessageListener(e,function(e){var n=o.a.parsePostMessageData(e.data).__cmpDomainReturn;if(n){var t=n.callId;if(a[t]){var r=n.returnValue,i=n.success;a[t](r,i)}}})}},getConsentString:function(e){s("getConsentString",null,e)},setConsentString:function(e,n){s("setConsentString",e,n)}}}(window);n.a=r},function(e,n,t){"use strict";var o=t(0),r=function(e,n){var t,r=null,i=null,a=null,s=!1,d=[],u=[],c={},l=function(){var o=e,r="inner";"innerWidth"in e||(r="client",o=n.documentElement||n.body);var i={width:o[r+"Width"],height:o[r+"Height"]};if(i.width<915)a.width=i.width,a.height=i.height,a.style.margin="0 auto";else{a.width=Math.min(i.width-100,1e3),a.height=Math.min(i.height-100,t.maxModalHeight||573);var s=(i.width-a.width)/2;a.style.marginTop="50px ",a.style.marginLeft=s+"px "}},f=function(e,n){if(i&&a)for(window.removeEventListener?window.removeEventListener("resize",l,!1):window.detachEvent&&window.detachEvent("onresize",l),i.parentNode.removeChild(i),i=null,s=!1;u.length;)u.shift()(e,n)};return{renderConsents:function(n,p){if((t=n||{}).siteDomain=window.location.origin,r=t.uiUrl){if(p&&u.push(p),!document.getElementById("cmp-container-id")){(i=document.createElement("div")).id="cmp-container-id",i.style.position="fixed",i.style.background="rgba(0,0,0,.5)",i.style.top=0,i.style.right=0,i.style.bottom=0,i.style.left=0,i.style.zIndex=1e4,document.body.appendChild(i),(a=document.createElement("iframe")).style.position="fixed",a.src=r,a.id="cmp-ui-iframe",a.width=0,a.height=0,a.style.display="block",a.style.border=0,i.style.zIndex=10001,l(),window.addEventListener?window.addEventListener("resize",l,!1):window.attachEvent&&window.attachEvent("onresize",l),o.a.addWindowMessageListener(e,function(e){var n=o.a.parsePostMessageData(e.data).__cmpUIReturn;if(n){var t=n.callId;if(c[t]){var r=n.returnValue,i=n.success;c[t](r,i)}}});var g=function(){for(s=!0;d.length;)a.contentWindow.postMessage(JSON.stringify(d.shift()),r)};a.addEventListener?a.addEventListener("load",g,!1):a.attachEvent&&a.attachEvent("onload",g),i.appendChild(a),function(e,n,t){var o="cmp-iframe-"+Date.now();"function"==typeof t&&(c[o]=t);var i={__cmpUICall:{command:e,parameter:n,callId:o}};s?a.contentWindow.postMessage(JSON.stringify(i),r):d.push(i)}("renderConsentUI",t,f)}}else o.a.logMessage("error","CMP Error: Required config (uiUrl) was not set")}}}(window,document);n.a=r},function(e,n,t){"use strict";var o=t(0),r=function(e,n){var t,r="/ui/version//cmpui.html",i=null,a=!1,s=[],d=[],u={},c=function(e){var n=o.a.parsePostMessageData(e.data),t=n.__cmpUIReturn;if(t){var r=t.callId;if(u[r]){var a=t.returnValue,s=t.success;u[r](a,s)}}else{var d=n.__cmpUILayout;d&&(void 0!==d.top&&(i.style.top=d.top),void 0!==d.bottom&&(i.style.bottom=d.bottom),void 0!==d.height&&(i.style.height=d.height))}},l=function(e,n){if(i)for(i.parentNode.removeChild(i),a=!1;d.length;)d.shift()(e,n)};return{renderConsents:function(n,f){if((t=n||{}).siteDomain=window.location.origin,f&&d.push(f),!document.getElementById("cmp-ui-iframe")){i=function(){var e=document.createElement("iframe");return e.style.position="fixed",e.src=r.replace("",t.uiVersion||"2"),e.id="cmp-ui-iframe",e.width="100%",e.height="0",e.style.display="block",e.style.border=0,e.style.zIndex=10001,e.style.top=0,e}(),o.a.addWindowMessageListener(e,c);var p=function(){for(a=!0;s.length;)i.contentWindow.postMessage(JSON.stringify(s.shift()),"*")};i.addEventListener?i.addEventListener("load",p,!1):i.attachEvent&&i.attachEvent("onload",p),document.body.appendChild(i),function(e,n,t){var o="cmp-iframe-"+Date.now();"function"==typeof t&&(u[o]=t);var r={__cmpUICall:{command:e,parameter:n,callId:o}};a?i.contentWindow.postMessage(JSON.stringify(r),"*"):s.push(r)}("renderConsentUI",t,l)}}}}(window,document);n.a=r}]); </script> <script>__cmp('init', {gdprAppliesGlobally: true, uiUrl: 'https://web.archive.org/web/20190914014948/https://www.huffingtonpost.fr/p/gdpr/gestion-des-cookies'});</script><script type="application/javascript" data-script="hpCmp-alpha.js"> var HPCmp = { loadScript: function(url,callback){ var w = document.createElement('script'); w.type = 'text/javascript'; w.src = url; w.onreadystatechange = callback; w.onload = callback var elementDefault = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; elementDefault.parentNode.insertBefore(w,elementDefault); }, checkCmpScript: function(callback,choice){ function call() { if (typeof choice !== 'undefined' && choice) { if (HPCmp.getConsent()[choice]) { callback(); } } else { callback(); } } if (HPCmp.hasConsent()) { call(); } else { window.onload = (function($) { $(window).on("cmp_init", function() { call(); }) })(jQuery); } }, hpConsentCookieName: 'sitehpcmpchoice', euConsentCookieName: 'EuConsent', consentCookiesExpiresMonths: 13, defaultCategoriesConsentChoice: { analytics: true, ads: true, socials: true, }, validhpConsent: function() { existConsent = false; if (document.cookie.indexOf(HPCmp.hpConsentCookieName) >= 0) { var v = document.cookie.match(new RegExp(HPCmp.hpConsentCookieName + '=([^;]+)')); try { var choice = JSON.parse(decodeURIComponent(v[1])); if (typeof choice['analytics'] === "boolean" && typeof choice['ads'] === "boolean" && typeof choice['socials'] === "boolean") { var checkExist = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : false; if (!checkExist) { existConsent = choice; } else { existConsent = true; } } } catch(e) {} } return existConsent; }, hasConsent: function() { existConsent = HPCmp.validhpConsent(true); if (existConsent) { return (document.cookie.indexOf(HPCmp.euConsentCookieName) >= 0); } return existConsent; }, getConsent: function() { var choice = HPCmp.validhpConsent(); if (choice) { return choice; } var checkExist = arguments.length > 0 && arguments[0] !== undefined ? arguments[0] : false; if (!checkExist) { return HPCmp.defaultCategoriesConsentChoice; } else { return false; } }, }; (function($) { $("document").ready(function() { const cmpPolicy = (window.location.href.indexOf("/p/charte-de-confidentialite") > 0); const cmpForm = $('#cmp-form').length; if (!cmpPolicy && (!HPCmp.hasConsent() || cmpForm > 0)) { const cmpScript = function() { const expires = new Date(); expires.setMonth(expires.getMonth() + HPCmp.consentCookiesExpiresMonths); const saveConsent = function(consentString, hpConsentString, layer) { // Store ads consent cookie var cookiesEuConsent = $.cookie(HPCmp.euConsentCookieName, consentString, { path: '/', domain: 'huffingtonpost.fr', expires: expires }) var cookiesHpConsent = $.cookie(HPCmp.hpConsentCookieName, JSON.stringify(hpConsentString), { path: '/', domain: 'huffingtonpost.fr', expires: expires }) $.when(cookiesEuConsent, cookiesHpConsent).done(function () { if (cmpForm > 0) { window.location.href = '/'; } else { $.cookie('hpCmp', 0, { path: '/', domain: 'huffingtonpost.fr', expires: -1 }) if (typeof layer === 'undefined') { $("body").trigger('cmp_init'); } else { layer.slideDown(500, function() { $("body").removeClass('cmp-socials'); $(this).remove(); $("body").trigger('cmp_init'); }) } } }) } const consentData = new BY.ConsentString(); const getPurposesIds = function(purposes) {return purposes.map(function(purpose) {return purpose.id})}; const getVendorIds = function(vendors) {return vendors.map(function(vendor) {return vendor.id})}; // Calculate ads consent string const saveAdsConsent = function(consentState, callback) { getVendorList(function(vendorList) { // set global vendor list consentData.setGlobalVendorList(vendorList); // Set the consent data consentData.setCmpId(14); // Oauth CMP ID consentData.setCmpVersion(1); consentData.setConsentScreen(1); consentData.setConsentLanguage('fr'); consentData.setPurposesAllowed(consentState ? getPurposesIds(vendorList.purposes) : []); consentData.setVendorsAllowed(consentState ? getVendorIds(vendorList.vendors) : []); // Encode the data into a web-safe base64 string callback(consentData.getConsentString()); }) } if (cmpForm > 0) { $.cookie('hpCmp', 0, { path: '/', domain: 'huffingtonpost.fr', expires: -1 }) var choice = HPCmp.getConsent(); if (!choice['analytics']){ $('#cmp-analytics').prop("checked",false); } if (!choice['socials']){ $('#cmp-socials').prop("checked",false); } if (!choice['ads']){ $('#cmp-ads').prop("checked",false); } $('#cmp-validate').on('click', function() { var choice = HPCmp.defaultCategoriesConsentChoice; if (!$('#cmp-analytics').is(':checked')){ choice['analytics'] = false; } if (!$('#cmp-socials').is(':checked')){ choice['socials'] = false; } if (!$('#cmp-ads').is(':checked')){ choice['ads'] = false; } saveAdsConsent(choice['ads'], function(consentString) { saveConsent(consentString, choice); }) }); $('#cmp-form').on('click', '.cmp-more', function () { $(this).closest('.cmp-type').find('.cmp-viewmore').toggle(); }); } else { var choice = HPCmp.getConsent(true); if (choice && typeof choice['ads'] === 'boolean' || $.cookie('hpCmp') == 1) { saveAdsConsent((typeof choice['ads'] === 'boolean' ? choice['ads'] : 1), function(consentString) { saveConsent(consentString, (typeof choice['ads'] === 'boolean' ? choice : HPCmp.defaultCategoriesConsentChoice)); }) } else { var cmpFirst = true; $.cookie('hpCmp', 1, { path: '/', domain: 'huffingtonpost.fr' }) const layer = $(document.createElement('div')).addClass('cookie-warning'); const html = '<button id="cookie-warning-cross">Fermer</button><p class="cookie-warning-message"><i>Le Huffpost</i> utilise des cookies pour vous offrir une expérience utilisateur de qualité, mesurer l’audience et vous proposer des publicités personnalisées. En poursuivant votre navigation sur ce site, vous acceptez l’utilisation de cookies dans les conditions prévues par notre <a href="/p/charte-de-confidentialite" id="cookie-info-dp" aria-label="Politique de confidentialité – nouvelle fenêtre">politique de confidentialité</a>. <a href="/p/charte-de-confidentialite" id="cookie-info-gc" aria-label="Gérer les cookies">En savoir plus et gérer les cookies</a>.</p> <div class="cookie-warning-buttons"><a class="cookie-warning-manager" id="cookie-info-wm" href="/p/gdpr/gestion-des-cookies" role="button">Paramétrer les cookies</a><button id="cookie-warning-accept">Accepter</button></div>'; layer.html(html); $("body").addClass('cmp-socials'); $(".huffpost-footer").after(layer); $('#cookie-warning-accept, #cookie-warning-cross').on('click', function(event) { if (cmpFirst) { cmpFirst = false; saveAdsConsent(1, function(consentString) { saveConsent(consentString, HPCmp.defaultCategoriesConsentChoice, layer); }) } }); $(window).on("scroll", $.throttle(1000, function(){ if (cmpFirst && $(document).scrollTop() > 250) { cmpFirst = false; saveAdsConsent(1, function(consentString) { saveConsent(consentString, HPCmp.defaultCategoriesConsentChoice, layer); }) } })) } } }; cmpScript(); } else if (cmpPolicy) { $.cookie('hpCmp', 0, { path: '/', domain: 'huffingtonpost.fr', expires: -1 }) } }) })(jQuery); </script> </div> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

Ce que j’ai appris sur le chômage après avoir postulé 215 emplois | Le Huffington Post