CINXE.COM

Just a moment...

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="390"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'managed',cRay: '92a76456febfd47b',cH: 'J7M.YZ1lKzEhg6xzbuHZvR6SgTZWh8XtyUDG4tZDHiw-1743670997-1.2.1.1-mk7iVPDUrIX6YtmZ7DVtFsFcvh1l_JtLTl_pTI9uh_drsG0m3CcigWXpLLjo.ckV',cUPMDTk: "\/8614\/json?__cf_chl_tk=VaEwsVDhDtUK3nTL9F8XqKvKQfl2AJ7sISdz910aoRs-1743670997-1.0.1.1-XZnRFtXjx6A.V.FyAK46WL01gOiMgOUtuh4AjOP8XRk",cFPWv: 'g',cITimeS: '1743670997',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '390000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/8614\/json?__cf_chl_f_tk=VaEwsVDhDtUK3nTL9F8XqKvKQfl2AJ7sISdz910aoRs-1743670997-1.0.1.1-XZnRFtXjx6A.V.FyAK46WL01gOiMgOUtuh4AjOP8XRk",md: "AHXYrevYx8aqQTRcTRVpcjRjaqxorO12i5bnD1xcWU0-1743670997-1.2.1.1-5TNDioVf1C8P3n4NxAUGSpqJRZqhBv5xC2es6i4a0IAabn302VVFF2sX3M81zxKxf6qjSsxZvTll.qNQPbdljXQeFAZSkAvr4tlGixgNSOjvfGwv706bJ.NKglMiG1Z0lI_3t1dqTegZ6X0_SL95kScAKwG9k9KwawbWWHjOM.m.uZaLBaEhpM_e0H76R7ZYJ9Rhx5eaTwUOS7xMFFzhuR85XuYEVf1SxT.bzui3WHtN1jSx7.ShzyS92r2SV22enecPp.TH4aMYByPnnk5exlxH6xYUShfKv3pAIYoybt43AZwUbtUqovQ3TkJ8N8r5QsC8MUjvtvoQiJ38gIlbLacWE3x6PcAKHwnXsk5C0qAC.GQfSHbfk48DtC4YJ2zLo0F5rdPZDvHZUQI.bm6UFo8I3kGIxaaCPSRYQTY6ecRFETFdJOA3VC3RLx8N_en9p3tO7m02tXY_2EED0Em05qdv2CkAKUxCI7unJivgNhbQsCEQlHSWMeAW57EOuG9Jw7Ycxf4Dv0ku32jWJY99VXatxKsZMldNlC3E2Pqdg_Vw7WAGDViuqkkp8J3b6kiP_GMZ4LQ7MZo3sDI0MoWKEa4QnuCYViwbphLhDU352RrFRo26ZrwhI0cDIHRNv_McJ37Jt3lo_Gg7RzxqVLVdobRvvnDpnH3dEcZcTt5CoyN1xejuAn1R5nDSexg6PAz7D7t8Y.AMeJU317ck.vdonYL3p9ot9JxAYNBGDYQzxb8QvOeLAQmUp77.BwiwRq_HY6Sz673XvJs8HRatnlv3ldObdBvWzd.H9fM1PLAJ6GUBFvwt7kZJev_SpA2DD9iEkY5iaG_HC2K08vnToqc0Ax.kzERzW2UIXU.wSKRzVx9rs56bsV6POs1V4OrRfWaxXFLv46M1WjsKXSWIJed4Kh6z3IsjbtlM1ZL.AAqWT6SM7IqlHB_ZtBkqWXWHifxeOPmcMbjtbsi14LiZg9cckRTAoUiaKclj66kJGW9mdtW2pd7bbtqZxaoVliozqZ.9Se1r4P4PSdGzI.GQoF6TF9i_7ySHx3QUiwobgb0inetNw60CREjUkVS5aFMV9ttlv5zt9K9I.MRYissMzSv8PY6GBMf7xnx34OKOBHzkEaNuGetpSdicaz_yQK8_GsaM35uaqfLsY5dxYes6zzyECFT_uHc_ikxAjmzgfllrenzO0o.D3wzcEaakFn0CCmXFQOJ3VfWJ5wLya_5BTasn0g",mdrd: "RpcfxWO_CgWZhg.gZjZzdhqgH66ZamCpTZfpY3wwmFo-1743670997-1.2.1.1-zGGlXQlKyXElR9YhXuY5PiTJzHe15u7YIs10Kh9xy9Cx6AXkYw25mpwjKbr_qxMBPzyvCmvPK2YZU.2IAMUrQBXkbPjh.QRN4RJFL73ZB7WOm_ULQGPULr4SjXB6e0DOBCN.LKo2Ku6pT8Z9xs8nfQ_9TWkSwHwUM6wf_XfB8lN0fr8bpmUcQnoD5_WFivAsBnq0tcFnij_n4nX8Zw1UUNMTHIfs6SXOdcDYSji4.4oLrpYGpwNb33F4qUrMD4_LkMbYlH2bvvTgHHO.Mm.fpZlMgv15aYBnj7FXac1pKkNqdRsf2pIs9bnJmyagB12DjRqIDqhEqyQi4MsSjyhLZpvJ_TOzzw6XA1KBEU_MgWUP2E2qnzpmuFdLnUvrqLu4PHtqfycKbotiIdSE2Zls8p92CXHqPyudMo_ISxgfjxbOvd.5E7Ygw5u64nike5UqyYBzr5NPhhC2yU9dAZiMvIw.0XG8i.b7Se_JjLlB8nGjVrAJUZUaPQcTMUZwxy9iLKr6bHNqe5WaDkW07St1ua.1szKYvaWEOmflJOgrtxPJBXL3_9VvdysCSDDdNttpvT.Aw_vRjHaTVQf6JlBCV0o.YFja7EfShxGcpJzRnZp6yDj9ttQIb5htVm1PVb0CcJHbvph_Tjn7QGAk20tHB3E1uRhwrNOYEGUWvosUUsXi5MpsvcI.9GzmiYIUA6KBIHZ2nNpK4vTQioRBLZdE6ODfYowbnYPBseEyw.F0aTdjQIwgOIp4HE0OsIgYD3jMhJiv8Fv6E5Vtd23GQmdZJOWnTbhK_c3qYLcWLS6YoqB7DYyoKPMeRGBAgRRd6ylh_ws3JsarPk4ipcVTp3Rhpp8uIkQwJMk7HcJZLqMdWXPTH6plz1sw2_XjLGjNPAlQ8ddZ14rpS5PzRSw2xtmB_bktuHs5lXAU9Cg0QCemeEnLuM1.kcSUJwUZp8Rdx6SDop0vXHdP3DpSgmozyT5a6.UnTtRCG.ndISaZn2JB5SMCBTHVm0_IGm49NIMc5n6XhFTdZaSDUVc7.rQ8ngWgJ9goj4Wh_xKFrDxa1_Bhtk9VALGDn3MgTqSgQcxp7GdGf8Td6rbjyKzOPmqsUnm5OXwP6rgPmwpq_SEbhn0.0AZpi4ybkzCRJKO8oVKom6UARFXKszrVxvX1d3wXuSlO1BMaA2Lyca2JDhwmLY8FnQ.BSubhRrHyUmEbVlHiSj3TUfkrDLA7LVLJngYo3ewfqn9mT4J1g7oFqW.6kwK39fnkbYNmmmHk7kIPHP9rRDSt1L2.C8YFfNVYCdrXBLvBZWoPx9GjAk4fX_5JSexJeylwGdBc_LnX5l6IQ44j2_SDUanB37dRcKVVnPhyRbtcdXW_TASz5WKMgqVa9l6loGY013_yV_kbMYTRrDPU4xr6xZ1vocrjSRwSfMqqVGXEtgiZDPUoiSpEwZz8EzQL.jEawPh8D..LLmBTaB9ThaguaYi48lGL0B65Zl78KIaUUWZqDXGvfwg9xiSb5Xr56HnYNkmQn4g9uLYtDou6E1OlK.MYJx0HIzIndEK7LlbvqrSAugYgPs44DSXnzaxqCg0ZuTEIJCoSiV70XWA9ZPw3K15464kca6pkPIKXlPZS4XFfUFD6cyn.LTKzwZlZ7Cd91mwBFqfwtGbMzDhOP58CLDf5jT.DLkYWVojlCTZh.bm8XpDlafWD4_Y_RovlNannd5LUsLb7aDdY2IxWXByhl2SkN4A0ElShqEkDThOVb3RKv_dTNNVF3Nk_EiHE9PekxhTdyAOkGGOhL9zvoM8RiEdrRFjJmTMyRsJMVmNj68rXRjJeF95zUAAdm475tm17tdWOdjGLDB3eQsU3GshtTrgXCFuhNKVCro6B0tfgRiZjFrigMhs7CKTrM5x.4Jg0_M_Coq10muBzAiqVxbHOCQD1Kpivp_lvxE.C1WNEeAbJwAXcpJ2K0.hvt9JlmG9k0VTbv.Mc4MZbYRNA4eGpsjsSN57JeXBQ97QdSLQAUxYLw4UpJt1AGJLQT5FPVBdcbhG0bwFNyRwaxeCMxP4x59bjG95KB.tb_gLQVK7zCsbgt8mamCFJO5vAxEKbXtqPnThdAF6FdQATa0e2jIde"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/g/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=92a76456febfd47b';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/8614\/json?__cf_chl_rt_tk=VaEwsVDhDtUK3nTL9F8XqKvKQfl2AJ7sISdz910aoRs-1743670997-1.0.1.1-XZnRFtXjx6A.V.FyAK46WL01gOiMgOUtuh4AjOP8XRk" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>