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<li id="toc-May_2016_wildfire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#May_2016_wildfire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>May 2016 wildfire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-May_2016_wildfire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-April_2020_flood" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#April_2020_flood"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>April 2020 flood</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-April_2020_flood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-May_2024_wildfire" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#May_2024_wildfire"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>May 2024 wildfire</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-May_2024_wildfire-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Neighbourhoods" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neighbourhoods"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Neighbourhoods</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neighbourhoods-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Federal_census" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Federal_census"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Federal census</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Federal_census-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Municipal_census" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Municipal_census"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Municipal census</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Municipal_census-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Migration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Migration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Migration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Migration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ethnicity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnicity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Ethnicity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnicity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Infrastructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Infrastructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Infrastructure</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Infrastructure subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Infrastructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Air" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Air</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_transit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_transit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Public transit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_transit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2.1</span> <span>Bus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Highways_and_roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Highways_and_roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Highways and roads</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Highways_and_roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.5</span> <span>Mail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports_and_recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports_and_recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Sports and recreation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports_and_recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Fort McMurray</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%8A" title="فورت ماكموراي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فورت ماكموراي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Mak-Murrey" title="Fort Mak-Murrey – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fort Mak-Murrey" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A6%CE%BF%CF%81%CF%84_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%9C%CE%AC%CF%81%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%8A" title="Φορτ ΜακΜάρρεϊ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Φορτ ΜακΜάρρεϊ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D9%85%DA%A9%E2%80%8C%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="فورت مک‌موری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فورت مک‌موری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%AC%ED%8A%B8%EB%A7%A5%EB%A8%B8%EB%A6%AC" title="포트맥머리 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="포트맥머리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA-%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Форт Мак-Муррей – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Форт Мак-Муррей" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%98_%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99" title="פורט מקמרי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פורט מקמרי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Makmaris" title="Fort Makmaris – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Fort Makmaris" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AF%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC" title="フォートマクマレー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="フォートマクマレー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA-%D0%9C%D1%83%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Форт Мак-Муррей – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Форт Мак-Муррей" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Форт Макмари – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Форт Макмари" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%88" title="மெக்மர்ரி கோட்டை – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மெக்மர்ரி கோட்டை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82-%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Форт-МакМеррей – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Форт-МакМеррей" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_McMurray" title="Fort McMurray – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Fort McMurray" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E9%BB%98%E9%87%8C%E5%A0%A1" title="麦克默里堡 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="麦克默里堡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E6%A2%85%E5%88%A9%E5%A0%A1" title="麥梅利堡 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="麥梅利堡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%85%8B%E9%BB%98%E9%87%8C%E5%A0%A1" title="麦克默里堡 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="麦克默里堡" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q126624#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div 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.geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Fort_McMurray&params=56_43_35_N_111_22_49_W_region:CA-AB_source_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°43′35″N</span> <span class="longitude">111°22′49″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.72639°N 111.38028°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.72639; -111.38028</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place in Alberta, Canada</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the First Nation, see <a href="/wiki/Fort_McMurray_First_Nation" title="Fort McMurray First Nation">Fort McMurray First Nation</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Urban service area in Alberta, Canada</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Fort McMurray</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name">McMurray (1947–1962)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Urban_service_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban service area">Urban service area</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hamlet_(place)" title="Hamlet (place)">hamlet</a>)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Fort McMurray Urban Service Area</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fort_mcmurray_aerial.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aerial view of Fort McMurray with Athabasca River"><img alt="Aerial view of Fort McMurray with Athabasca River" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Fort_mcmurray_aerial.jpg/250px-Fort_mcmurray_aerial.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Fort_mcmurray_aerial.jpg/375px-Fort_mcmurray_aerial.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Fort_mcmurray_aerial.jpg/500px-Fort_mcmurray_aerial.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="402" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Aerial view of Fort McMurray with <a href="/wiki/Athabasca_River" title="Athabasca River">Athabasca River</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nicknames: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">"Fort Mac",<sup id="cite_ref-cry_enough_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cry_enough-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/List_of_city_nicknames_in_Canada#Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="List of city nicknames in Canada">"Fort McMoney"</a><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">We Have The Energy</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Alberta_County_Point_Locator.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fort McMurray is located in Alberta"><img alt="Fort McMurray is located in Alberta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Alberta_County_Point_Locator.svg/250px-Alberta_County_Point_Locator.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="406" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Alberta_County_Point_Locator.svg/375px-Alberta_County_Point_Locator.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Alberta_County_Point_Locator.svg/500px-Alberta_County_Point_Locator.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="945" data-file-height="1535" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:31.612%;left:77.583%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fort McMurray"><img alt="Fort McMurray" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="width:6em;right:4px"><div>Fort McMurray</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Alberta</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Canada_location_map_2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fort McMurray is located in Canada"><img alt="Fort McMurray is located in Canada" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Canada_location_map_2.svg/250px-Canada_location_map_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="211" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Canada_location_map_2.svg/375px-Canada_location_map_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Canada_location_map_2.svg/500px-Canada_location_map_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1114" data-file-height="942" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:62.31%;left:26.586%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fort McMurray"><img alt="Fort McMurray" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Fort McMurray</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Canada</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:0508_Regional_Municipality_Of_Wood_Buffalo,_Alberta,_Detailed.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Fort McMurray is located in Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo"><img alt="Fort McMurray is located in Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/0508_Regional_Municipality_Of_Wood_Buffalo%2C_Alberta%2C_Detailed.svg/250px-0508_Regional_Municipality_Of_Wood_Buffalo%2C_Alberta%2C_Detailed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="510" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/0508_Regional_Municipality_Of_Wood_Buffalo%2C_Alberta%2C_Detailed.svg/375px-0508_Regional_Municipality_Of_Wood_Buffalo%2C_Alberta%2C_Detailed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/0508_Regional_Municipality_Of_Wood_Buffalo%2C_Alberta%2C_Detailed.svg/500px-0508_Regional_Municipality_Of_Wood_Buffalo%2C_Alberta%2C_Detailed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="347" data-file-height="708" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:72.249%;left:64.494%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Fort McMurray"><img alt="Fort McMurray" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Fort McMurray</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Fort_McMurray&params=56_43_35_N_111_22_49_W_region:CA-AB_source_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°43′35″N</span> <span class="longitude">111°22′49″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.72639°N 111.38028°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.72639; -111.38028</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">Canada</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_and_territories_of_Canada" title="Provinces and territories of Canada">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regions of Alberta">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Alberta" title="Northern Alberta">Northern Alberta</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_census_divisions_of_Alberta" title="List of census divisions of Alberta">Census division</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Division_No._16,_Alberta" title="Division No. 16, Alberta">16</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Specialized_municipalities_of_Alberta" class="mw-redirect" title="Specialized municipalities of Alberta">Specialized municipality</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Wood_Buffalo" title="Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo">RM of Wood Buffalo</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1870</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Incorporated<sup id="cite_ref-AnnexHistory_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AnnexHistory-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AMASMProfiles_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMASMProfiles-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_villages_in_Alberta" title="List of villages in Alberta">Village</a></th><td class="infobox-data">May 6, 1947</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_Alberta" title="List of towns in Alberta">Town</a></th><td class="infobox-data">December 29, 1948</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_towns_in_Alberta#New_towns" title="List of towns in Alberta">New town</a></th><td class="infobox-data">June 30, 1964</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Alberta" title="List of cities in Alberta">City</a></th><td class="infobox-data">September 1, 1980</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Name changed<sup id="cite_ref-AnnexHistory_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AnnexHistory-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">June 1, 1962</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipal_amalgamations_in_Alberta" title="List of municipal amalgamations in Alberta">Amalgamated</a><sup id="cite_ref-AMASMProfiles_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AMASMProfiles-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">April 1, 1995<sup id="cite_ref-2021census_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021census-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-council_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-council-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Sandy Bowman</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Local_government" title="Local government">Governing body</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Wood_Buffalo" title="Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo">Wood Buffalo</a> Municipal Council</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Ken Ball</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Funky Banjoko</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Lance Bussieres</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">M. Shafiq Dogar</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Allan Grandison</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Nicholas Keith McGrath</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Kendrick Cardinal</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Loretta Waquan</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Stu Wigle</li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0">Jane Stroud</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Current_members_of_the_Canadian_House_of_Commons" class="mw-redirect" title="Current members of the Canadian House of Commons">MP</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Laila_Goodridge" title="Laila Goodridge">Laila Goodridge</a> (<a href="/wiki/Conservative_Party_of_Canada" title="Conservative Party of Canada">CPC</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_Alberta" title="Legislative Assembly of Alberta">MLA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Jean" title="Brian Jean">Brian Jean</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_Conservative_Party" title="United Conservative Party">UCP</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tany_Yao" title="Tany Yao">Tany Yao</a> (<a href="/wiki/United_Conservative_Party" title="United Conservative Party">UCP</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2021)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">52.17 km<sup>2</sup> (20.14 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">260 m (850 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2021)<sup id="cite_ref-2021census_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021census-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">68,002</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,303.5/km<sup>2</sup> (3,376/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Municipal_census_in_Canada" title="Municipal census in Canada">Municipal census</a> (<a href="/wiki/2021_Alberta_municipal_censuses" title="2021 Alberta municipal censuses">2021</a>)<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">72,917<sup id="cite_ref-2021municipalcensus_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021municipalcensus-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> </th><td class="infobox-data">See <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Demographics">Demographics</a> section for population counts from RM of Wood Buffalo's recent municipal censuses.</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Fort McMurrayites</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9207:00" title="UTC−07:00">UTC−07:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mountain_Time_Zone" title="Mountain Time Zone">MST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%E2%88%9206:00" title="UTC−06:00">UTC−06:00</a> (MDT)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_postal_code#Forward_sortation_areas" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian postal code">Forward sortation areas</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code"><a href="/wiki/List_of_T_postal_codes_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="List of T postal codes of Canada">T9H - T9K</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_code_780" title="Area code 780">780</a>, <a href="/wiki/Area_codes_587_and_825" class="mw-redirect" title="Area codes 587 and 825">587, 825</a>, <a href="/wiki/Area_code_368" class="mw-redirect" title="Area code 368">368</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Alberta_provincial_highways" title="List of Alberta provincial highways">Highways</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alberta_Highway_63" title="Alberta Highway 63">63</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Highway_69" title="Alberta Highway 69">69</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Waterways</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Athabasca_River" title="Athabasca River">Athabasca River</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clearwater_River_(Saskatchewan)" title="Clearwater River (Saskatchewan)">Clearwater River</a>, Hangingstone River, Horse River</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rmwb.ca/">RM of Wood Buffalo</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Fort McMurray</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ʌr/: 'urr' in 'hurry'">ʌr</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">mək-<span style="font-size:90%">MURR</span>-ee</i></a>) is an <a href="/wiki/List_of_communities_in_Alberta#Urban_service_areas" title="List of communities in Alberta">urban service area</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Wood_Buffalo" title="Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo">Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo</a> in <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a>, Canada.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is located in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Alberta" title="Northern Alberta">northeast Alberta</a>, in the middle of the <a href="/wiki/Athabasca_oil_sands" title="Athabasca oil sands">Athabasca oil sands</a>, surrounded by <a href="/wiki/Taiga" title="Taiga">boreal forest</a>. It has played a significant role in the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_Canada_(oil_sands_and_heavy_oil)" title="History of the petroleum industry in Canada (oil sands and heavy oil)">development of the national petroleum industry</a>. The <a href="/wiki/2016_Fort_McMurray_wildfire" title="2016 Fort McMurray wildfire">2016 Fort McMurray wildfire</a> led to the <a href="/wiki/Emergency_evacuation" title="Emergency evacuation">evacuation</a> of its residents and caused widespread damage. </p><p>Formerly a city, Fort McMurray became an urban service area when it amalgamated with Improvement District No. 143 on April 1, 1995, to create the Municipality of Wood Buffalo (renamed the RM of Wood Buffalo on August 14, 1996).<sup id="cite_ref-munihistory_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-munihistory-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Despite its current official designation of urban service area, many locals, politicians and the media still refer to Fort McMurray as a city. Fort McMurray was known simply as McMurray between 1947 and 1962. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_Canada_(oil_sands_and_heavy_oil)" title="History of the petroleum industry in Canada (oil sands and heavy oil)">History of the petroleum industry in Canada (oil sands and heavy oil)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Clearwater_River_valley_(from_Highway_63).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Clearwater_River_valley_%28from_Highway_63%29.JPG/220px-Clearwater_River_valley_%28from_Highway_63%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Clearwater_River_valley_%28from_Highway_63%29.JPG/330px-Clearwater_River_valley_%28from_Highway_63%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Clearwater_River_valley_%28from_Highway_63%29.JPG/440px-Clearwater_River_valley_%28from_Highway_63%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>View of the <a href="/wiki/Clearwater_River_(Saskatchewan)" title="Clearwater River (Saskatchewan)">Clearwater River</a> valley from <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Highway_63" title="Alberta Highway 63">Highway 63</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Before the arrival of Europeans in the late 18th century, the <a href="/wiki/Cree" title="Cree">Cree</a> were the dominant <a href="/wiki/First_Nations_in_Canada" title="First Nations in Canada">First Nations</a> people in the Fort McMurray area. The <a href="/wiki/Athabasca_oil_sands" title="Athabasca oil sands">Athabasca oil sands</a> were known to the locals and the surface deposits were used to waterproof their canoes. During the <a href="/wiki/North_American_fur_trade" title="North American fur trade">fur trade</a>, the location of Fort McMurray, west of <a href="/wiki/Methye_Portage" title="Methye Portage">Methye Portage</a>, was an important junction on the fur trade route from eastern Canada to the <a href="/wiki/Athabasca_Country" title="Athabasca Country">Athabasca Country</a>. </p><p>In 1778, the first European explorer, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Pond" title="Peter Pond">Peter Pond</a>, came to the region in search of furs, as the European demand for this commodity at the time was strong. Pond explored the region farther south along the <a href="/wiki/Athabasca_River" title="Athabasca River">Athabasca River</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Clearwater_River_(Saskatchewan)" title="Clearwater River (Saskatchewan)">Clearwater River</a>, but chose to set up a <a href="/wiki/Trading_post" title="Trading post">trading post</a> much farther north by the Athabasca River near <a href="/wiki/Lake_Athabasca" title="Lake Athabasca">Lake Athabasca</a>. However, his post closed in 1788 in favour of <a href="/wiki/Fort_Chipewyan" title="Fort Chipewyan">Fort Chipewyan</a>, now the oldest continuous settlement in <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:William_McMurray-edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/William_McMurray-edited.jpg/220px-William_McMurray-edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/William_McMurray-edited.jpg/330px-William_McMurray-edited.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/William_McMurray-edited.jpg/440px-William_McMurray-edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1085" data-file-height="1281" /></a><figcaption>William McMurray for whom Fort McMurray is named</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1790, the explorer <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Mackenzie_(explorer)" title="Alexander Mackenzie (explorer)">Alexander MacKenzie</a> made the first recorded description of the <a href="/wiki/Oil_sands" title="Oil sands">oil sands</a>. By that time, trading between the explorers and the Cree was already occurring at the confluence of the Clearwater and Athabasca rivers. The <a href="/wiki/Hudson%27s_Bay_Company" title="Hudson's Bay Company">Hudson's Bay Company</a> and the <a href="/wiki/North_West_Company" title="North West Company">North West Company</a> were in fierce competition in this region. Fort McMurray was established there as a Hudson's Bay Company post by 1870, named for the Chief <a href="/wiki/Factor_(agent)" title="Factor (agent)">Factor</a> William McMurray.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It continued to operate as a transportation stopover in the decades afterwards. The <a href="/wiki/Northern_Alberta_Railways#Alberta_and_Great_Waterways_Railway" title="Northern Alberta Railways">Alberta and Great Waterways Railway</a> arrived in 1915 complementing existing steamboat service.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The community has played a significant role in the <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_Canada" title="History of the petroleum industry in Canada">history of the petroleum industry in Canada</a>. Oil exploration is known to have occurred in the early 20th century, but Fort McMurray's population remained small, no more than a few hundred people. By 1921, there was serious interest in developing a refining plant to separate the oil from the sands. <a href="/wiki/Alcan" title="Alcan">Alcan</a> Oil Company was the first outfit to begin bulk tests at Fort McMurray. The nearby community of <a href="/wiki/Waterways,_Alberta" title="Waterways, Alberta">Waterways</a> was established to provide a southern terminus for waterborne transportation when the Alberta and Great Waterways Railway reached there in 1921. </p><p><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_petroleum_industry_in_Canada_(oil_sands_and_heavy_oil)#Surface_extraction" title="History of the petroleum industry in Canada (oil sands and heavy oil)">Abasands Oil</a> was the first company to successfully extract oil from the oil sands through hot water extraction by the 1930s, but production was very low.<sup id="cite_ref-Abasand_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Abasand-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Fort McMurray's processing output gradually grew to over 1,100 barrels/day by <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, and Fort McMurray was set up by the US and Canadian forces as staging ground for the <a href="/wiki/Canol_Project" title="Canol Project">Canol Project</a>. </p><p>Fort McMurray and Waterways amalgamated as the village of McMurray (the "Fort" was dropped until 1962, when it was restored to reflect its heritage) by 1947, and became a town a year later. Fort McMurray was granted the status of new town so it could get more provincial funding. By 1966, the town's population was over 2,000. </p><p>In 1967, the <a href="/wiki/Great_Canadian_Oil_Sands" title="Great Canadian Oil Sands">Great Canadian Oil Sands</a> (now <a href="/wiki/Suncor_Energy" title="Suncor Energy">Suncor</a>) plant opened and Fort McMurray's growth soon took off. More oil sands plants were opened, especially after the <a href="/wiki/1973_oil_crisis" title="1973 oil crisis">1973 oil crisis</a> and the <a href="/wiki/1979_oil_crisis" title="1979 oil crisis">1979 energy crisis</a>, when serious political tensions and conflicts in the Middle East triggered oil price spikes. The population of the town reached 6,847 by 1971 and climbed to 31,000 by 1981, a year after its incorporation as a city. </p><p>The population peaked at almost 37,000 in 1985,<sup id="cite_ref-1985opl_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1985opl-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> then declined to under 34,000 by 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-1989opl_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1989opl-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Low oil prices since the <a href="/wiki/1980s_oil_glut" title="1980s oil glut">oil price collapse in 1986</a> slowed the oil sands production greatly, as oil extraction from the oil sands is a very expensive process and lower world prices made this uneconomical. </p><p>On April 1, 1995, the City of Fort McMurray and Improvement District No. 143 were amalgamated to form the Municipality of Wood Buffalo. The new municipality was subsequently renamed the Regional Municipality (RM) of Wood Buffalo on August 14, 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-munihistory_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-munihistory-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, Fort McMurray was no longer officially designated a city. Instead, it was designated an urban service area within a <a href="/wiki/List_of_specialized_municipalities_in_Alberta" title="List of specialized municipalities in Alberta">specialized municipality</a>. The amalgamation resulted in the entire RM of Wood Buffalo being under a single government. Its municipal office is located in Fort McMurray, which accounts for the great majority of the RM's population; all but 5,000 of the RM's residents live in the Fort McMurray urban service area. </p><p>The city continued to grow for a few years even after the oil bust caused by the 2003 collapse in world oil prices. <a href="/wiki/World_oil_market_chronology_from_2003#2003" title="World oil market chronology from 2003">Oil price increases since 2003</a> made oil extraction profitable again for around a decade, until another <a href="/wiki/World_oil_market_chronology_from_2003#2015" title="World oil market chronology from 2003">slump in oil prices</a> which began in December 2014 and deepened in 2015 resulted in layoffs and postponement of projects.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT101215_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT101215-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2013, heavy rains caused the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hangingstone_River&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hangingstone River (page does not exist)">Hangingstone River</a> to flood, causing a six-day <a href="/wiki/States_of_emergency_in_Canada" title="States of emergency in Canada">state of emergency</a>, a bridge collapse, the closure of highways <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Highway_63" title="Alberta Highway 63">63</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Highway_881" title="Alberta Highway 881">881</a>, and the evacuation of 150 people.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="May_2016_wildfire">May 2016 wildfire</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: May 2016 wildfire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2016_Fort_McMurray_wildfire" title="2016 Fort McMurray wildfire">2016 Fort McMurray wildfire</a></div> <p>On May 3, 2016, a large <a href="/wiki/2016_Fort_McMurray_wildfire" title="2016 Fort McMurray wildfire">wildfire burning southwest of Fort McMurray</a> resulted in the mandatory evacuation of the community.<sup id="cite_ref-FMCCBC_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FMCCBC-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-largestAB_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-largestAB-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Record-breaking temperatures, reaching 32.8 °C (91 °F),<sup id="cite_ref-Fort_McMurray_CS_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fort_McMurray_CS-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> low relative humidity and strong winds contributed to the fire's rapid growth<sup id="cite_ref-largestAB_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-largestAB-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in forests affected by "an unusually dry and warm winter".<sup id="cite_ref-New_Yorker_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Yorker-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upwards of 88,000 people in the community and surrounding region were evacuated.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCMay9_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCMay9-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pestano_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pestano-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was Canada's largest recorded wildfire evacuation in history and third-largest recorded <a href="/wiki/Environmental_disaster" title="Environmental disaster">environmental disaster</a> evacuation<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> behind the <a href="/wiki/1979_Mississauga_train_derailment" title="1979 Mississauga train derailment">1979 Mississauga train derailment</a> and the <a href="/wiki/1950_Red_River_flood" title="1950 Red River flood">1950 Red River flood</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>About one-fifth of homes in the community were reported to be destroyed in the fire.<sup id="cite_ref-BBCMay9_26-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBCMay9-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Pestano_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pestano-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="April_2020_flood">April 2020 flood</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: April 2020 flood"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On April 27, 2020, massive <a href="/wiki/Ice_jam" title="Ice jam">ice jams</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> along the Athabasca River resulted in a major flood. It devastated the downtown of Fort McMurray, submerging streets and ruining businesses, cars and houses.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Approximately 13,000 people from Fort McMurray and the surrounding area were evacuated.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="May_2024_wildfire">May 2024 wildfire</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: May 2024 wildfire"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/2024_Canada_wildfires" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Canada wildfires">2024 Canada wildfires</a></div> <p>On 14 May 2024, a wildfire led to the evacuation of several neighborhoods in the urban service area.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The evacuation displaced upwards of 6,000 people from their homes in these neighborhoods.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fort_mcmurray_winter_day.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Fort_mcmurray_winter_day.jpg/220px-Fort_mcmurray_winter_day.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Fort_mcmurray_winter_day.jpg/330px-Fort_mcmurray_winter_day.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Fort_mcmurray_winter_day.jpg/440px-Fort_mcmurray_winter_day.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Vista Ridge, a local ski hill</figcaption></figure> <p>Fort McMurray is 435 km (270 mi) northeast of <a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a> on <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Highway_63" title="Alberta Highway 63">Highway 63</a>, about 60 km (37 mi) west of the <a href="/wiki/Saskatchewan" title="Saskatchewan">Saskatchewan</a> border, nestled in the <a href="/wiki/Taiga" title="Taiga">boreal forest</a> at the confluence of the <a href="/wiki/Athabasca_River" title="Athabasca River">Athabasca River</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Clearwater_River_(Saskatchewan)" title="Clearwater River (Saskatchewan)">Clearwater River</a>, the Hangingstone River, and the Horse River. It sits at 370 m (1,210 ft) above sea level. Fort McMurray is the largest community in the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Picea_glauca" title="Picea glauca">White spruce</a>, <a href="/wiki/Populus_tremuloides" title="Populus tremuloides">trembling aspen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Populus_balsamifera" title="Populus balsamifera">balsam poplar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Betula_papyrifera" title="Betula papyrifera">white birch</a> are the most prominent native trees in and around town. <a href="/wiki/Picea_mariana" title="Picea mariana">Black spruce</a> and <a href="/wiki/Larix_laricina" title="Larix laricina">tamarack</a> occur in poorly drained areas and <a href="/wiki/Jack_pine" title="Jack pine">jack pine</a> may be seen on the driest sites. <a href="/wiki/Populus_tremula" title="Populus tremula">European aspen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Blue_spruce" title="Blue spruce">blue spruce</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prunus_pumila" title="Prunus pumila">sand cherry</a> are among the exotic trees occasionally seen.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With severe winters except during periods of warming <a href="/wiki/Chinook_wind" title="Chinook wind">chinook winds</a>, mild to warm summers and only three months which average temperature is higher than 10.0 °C (50.0 °F), Fort McMurray has a borderline <a href="/wiki/Subarctic_climate" title="Subarctic climate">subarctic climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Dfc</i>), being just below the threshold of <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> (<i>Dfb</i>), with May and September average temperature of 9.9 °C (49.8 °F). It falls into the <a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Canada" title="Natural Resources Canada">Natural Resources Canada</a> (NRC) <a href="/wiki/Hardiness_zone" title="Hardiness zone">Plant Hardiness Zone</a> 3a.<sup id="cite_ref-Canadian_Plant_Hardiness_Zones_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Canadian_Plant_Hardiness_Zones-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The community lies at a lower elevation than most other parts of Alberta, so under the right conditions it can be a "hot spot" for Alberta.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Temperatures range from an average of −17.2 °C (1.0 °F) in January, to 17.3 °C (63.1 °F) in July. The average annual precipitation is 404.6 mm (15.93 in) and falls mainly in the summer months. Average annual snowfall is 110.6 cm (43.5 in),<sup id="cite_ref-CCNYMM_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCNYMM-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with almost all of it falling between October and April. </p><p>The highest temperature ever recorded in Fort McMurray was 40.3 °C (104.5 °F) on June 30, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-Hit40_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hit40-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lowest temperature ever recorded was −53.3 °C (−63.9 °F) on February 1, 1917 and December 31, 1933.<sup id="cite_ref-February_1917_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-February_1917-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-December_1933_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-December_1933-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Fort McMurray (<a href="/wiki/Fort_McMurray_International_Airport" title="Fort McMurray International Airport">Fort McMurray International Airport</a>)<br />Climate ID: 3062693; coordinates <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Fort_McMurray&params=56_39_N_111_13_W_type:airport_region:CA-AB&title=Fort+McMurray+Airport"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">56°39′N</span> <span class="longitude">111°13′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="vcard"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">56.650°N 111.217°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">56.650; -111.217</span></span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="fn org">Fort McMurray Airport</span>)</span></span></span></a></span></span>; elevation: 369.1 m (1,211 ft); 1991−2020 normals, extremes 1908−present<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high <a href="/wiki/Humidex" title="Humidex">humidex</a> </th> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.6 </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.4 </td> <td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.8 </td> <td style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.4 </td> <td style="background: #FF2800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.6 </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.3 </td> <td style="background: #C60000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45.6 </td> <td style="background: #FF0600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.5 </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.7 </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.4 </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5 </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4 </td> <td style="background: #C60000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">45.6 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFB56C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.1<br />(59.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1<br />(61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9327; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.1<br />(68.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.0<br />(95.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.7<br />(98.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF0800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.3<br />(104.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.9<br />(102.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.0<br />(98.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.4<br />(90.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF5300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.4<br />(84.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9<br />(66.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7<br />(51.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF0800; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">40.3<br />(104.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #A6A6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−11.9<br />(10.6) </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.3<br />(18.9) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(32.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.3<br />(48.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2<br />(72.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAE5D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.2<br />(61.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFEBD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3<br />(45.1) </td> <td style="background: #D5D5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.2<br />(26.2) </td> <td style="background: #B1B1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−9.9<br />(14.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDB; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">7.1<br />(44.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #8989FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−17.2<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #9D9DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−13.6<br />(7.5) </td> <td style="background: #C2C2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.7<br />(19.9) </td> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.7<br />(36.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9<br />(58.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.4<br />(36.3) </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.6<br />(18.3) </td> <td style="background: #9696FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−14.8<br />(5.4) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1.1<br />(34.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #6E6EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−22.3<br />(−8.1) </td> <td style="background: #7B7BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−19.9<br />(−3.8) </td> <td style="background: #9D9DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−13.5<br />(7.7) </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.9<br />(25.0) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6<br />(36.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0<br />(46.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4AA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6<br />(51.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8<br />(47.8) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.5<br />(38.3) </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.5<br />(27.5) </td> <td style="background: #A6A6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−11.9<br />(10.6) </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−19.6<br />(−3.3) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−5.0<br />(23.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #0000CE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−51.7<br />(−61.1) </td> <td style="background: #0000C6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−53.3<br />(−63.9) </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−44.4<br />(−47.9) </td> <td style="background: #2D2DFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−34.4<br />(−29.9) </td> <td style="background: #8989FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−17.3<br />(0.9) </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.1<br />(21.0) </td> <td style="background: #D4D4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.3<br />(26.1) </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.1<br />(21.0) </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−15.6<br />(3.9) </td> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−24.5<br />(−12.1) </td> <td style="background: #0505FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−41.7<br />(−43.1) </td> <td style="background: #0000C6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−53.3<br />(−63.9) </td> <td style="background: #0000C6; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−53.3<br />(−63.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low <a href="/wiki/Wind_chill" title="Wind chill">wind chill</a> </th> <td style="background: #0000AA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−58.4 </td> <td style="background: #0000A4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−59.6 </td> <td style="background: #0000B3; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−56.8 </td> <td style="background: #0000EE; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−45.8 </td> <td style="background: #7575FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−21.0 </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.2 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.1 </td> <td style="background: #9090FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−16.0 </td> <td style="background: #3B3BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−31.7 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−50.1 </td> <td style="background: #0000C6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−53.2 </td> <td style="background: #0000A4; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−59.6 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #E7FFE7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.7<br />(0.62) </td> <td style="background: #E9FFE9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.0<br />(0.51) </td> <td style="background: #E8FFE8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.3<br />(0.60) </td> <td style="background: #E3FFE3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(0.71) </td> <td style="background: #D0FFD0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.0<br />(1.22) </td> <td style="background: #86FF86; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.0<br />(3.07) </td> <td style="background: #8BFF8B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.4<br />(3.05) </td> <td style="background: #ABFFAB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.9<br />(2.20) </td> <td style="background: #BBFFBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.7<br />(1.72) </td> <td style="background: #D8FFD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.8<br />(1.02) </td> <td style="background: #E4FFE4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(0.68) </td> <td style="background: #EBFFEB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.4<br />(0.53) </td> <td style="background: #CBFFCB; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">404.6<br />(15.93) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2<br />(0.01) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3<br />(0.01) </td> <td style="background: #FBFFFB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.3<br />(0.09) </td> <td style="background: #ECFFEC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1<br />(0.48) </td> <td style="background: #D1FFD1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.8<br />(1.21) </td> <td style="background: #87FF87; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.9<br />(3.07) </td> <td style="background: #87FF87; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.0<br />(3.15) </td> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.7<br />(2.23) </td> <td style="background: #BCFFBC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">43.1<br />(1.70) </td> <td style="background: #EEFFEE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4<br />(0.45) </td> <td style="background: #FCFFFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.8<br />(0.07) </td> <td style="background: #FEFFFE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2<br />(0.01) </td> <td style="background: #D6FFD6; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">316.7<br />(12.47) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #00CF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.3<br />(8.0) </td> <td style="background: #00C800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.9<br />(7.4) </td> <td style="background: #00FF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.1<br />(6.7) </td> <td style="background: #90FF90; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.2<br />(2.8) </td> <td style="background: #D9FFD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0<br />(0.0) </td> <td style="background: #E9FFE9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.4<br />(0.6) </td> <td style="background: #83FF83; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3<br />(3.3) </td> <td style="background: #00E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(7.2) </td> <td style="background: #07FF07; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(6.5) </td> <td style="background: #73FF73; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">110.6<br />(43.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #5A5AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.3 </td> <td style="background: #6565FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">11.3 </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5 </td> <td style="background: #7474FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2 </td> <td style="background: #3333FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.0 </td> <td style="background: #2C2CFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.1 </td> <td style="background: #5757FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.6 </td> <td style="background: #5656FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.2 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.0 </td> <td style="background: #5F5FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.5 </td> <td style="background: #6A6AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0 </td> <td style="background: #6060FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">151.4 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4 </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7 </td> <td style="background: #AEAEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3 </td> <td style="background: #7A7AFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7 </td> <td style="background: #4646FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.5 </td> <td style="background: #3030FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.7 </td> <td style="background: #5454FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.8 </td> <td style="background: #5151FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.6 </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0 </td> <td style="background: #E9E9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7 </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7 </td> <td style="background: #A4A4FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">86.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowy days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.2 cm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #6464FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.5 </td> <td style="background: #6B6BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9 </td> <td style="background: #8787FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7 </td> <td style="background: #CFCFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7 </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.0 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 </td> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.6 </td> <td style="background: #7070FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.2 </td> <td style="background: #7171FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5 </td> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">66.7 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(at 1500 LST)</span> </th> <td style="background: #93FF93; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.9 </td> <td style="background: #A1FFA1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.9 </td> <td style="background: #B3FFB3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.0 </td> <td style="background: #C0FFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">40.5 </td> <td style="background: #C5FFC5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.3 </td> <td style="background: #B8FFB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46.0 </td> <td style="background: #B2FFB2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.8 </td> <td style="background: #B2FFB2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.6 </td> <td style="background: #AFFFAF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.8 </td> <td style="background: #A4FFA4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.9 </td> <td style="background: #90FF90; color:#000000;" class="notheme">71.6 </td> <td style="background: #8CFF8C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74.3 </td> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">55.0 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #8E8E8E; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77.7 </td> <td style="background: #B8B852; color:#000000;" class="notheme">113.8 </td> <td style="background: #CFCF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">176.0 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">217.3 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">276.5 </td> <td style="background: #E8E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">264.5 </td> <td style="background: #EBEB03; color:#000000;" class="notheme">285.5 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">265.8 </td> <td style="background: #CDCD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">165.2 </td> <td style="background: #B5B564; color:#000000;" class="notheme">118.4 </td> <td style="background: #777777; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63.2 </td> <td style="background: #777777; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">65.2 </td> <td style="background: #D0D000; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,088.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Percent <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">possible sunshine</a> </th> <td style="background: #E2E200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.2 </td> <td style="background: #F2F214; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.5 </td> <td style="background: #FBFB2B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">48.1 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF36; color:#000000;" class="notheme">50.9 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF44; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.4 </td> <td style="background: #FEFE32; color:#000000;" class="notheme">49.9 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF42; color:#000000;" class="notheme">53.9 </td> <td style="background: #FFFF4D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.5 </td> <td style="background: #F2F216; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.9 </td> <td style="background: #E8E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.6 </td> <td style="background: #D5D500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.6 </td> <td style="background: #DDDD00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.3 </td> <td style="background: #F4F419; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">43.7 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Environment_and_Climate_Change_Canada" title="Environment and Climate Change Canada">Environment and Climate Change Canada</a> (sun 1981–2010)<sup id="cite_ref-CCNYMM_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CCNYMM-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ft_McMurray_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ft_McMurray-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-February_1917_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-February_1917-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-December_1933_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-December_1933-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-April_1939_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-April_1939-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1991-2020_Normals_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1991-2020_Normals-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hit40_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hit40-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neighbourhoods">Neighbourhoods</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Neighbourhoods"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Neighbourhoods in Fort McMurray include Abasand Heights, Beacon Hill, Dickinsfield, Eagle Ridge, Grayling Terrace, Gregoire, Lower Townsite, Parsons Creek, Prairie Creek, Saline Creek, Stone Creek, Thickwood Heights, Timberlea, and <a href="/wiki/Waterways,_Alberta" title="Waterways, Alberta">Waterways</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2012census_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2012census-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2015census_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2015census-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fort_mcmurray_jubilee_centre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Fort_mcmurray_jubilee_centre.jpg/220px-Fort_mcmurray_jubilee_centre.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="334" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Fort_mcmurray_jubilee_centre.jpg/330px-Fort_mcmurray_jubilee_centre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/19/Fort_mcmurray_jubilee_centre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="608" /></a><figcaption>Jubilee Centre (municipal office)</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Federal census<br />population history</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_1951_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 1951 Census">1951</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">926</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1956</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,110</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+19.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1961</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,186</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1966</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,614</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+120.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1971</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">6,847</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+161.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1976</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">15,424</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+125.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_1981_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 1981 Census">1981</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">31,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+101.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_1986_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 1986 Census">1986</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">34,949</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+12.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_1991_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 1991 Census">1991</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">34,706</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb"><a href="/wiki/Canada_1996_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 1996 Census">1996</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">33,078</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">−4.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_2001_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2001 Census">2001</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">38,667</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+16.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_2006_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2006 Census">2006</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">47,705</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+23.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_2011_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2011 Census">2011</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">61,374</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+28.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/Canada_2016_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2016 Census">2016</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">66,573</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+8.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px"><a href="/wiki/2021_Canadian_census" title="2021 Canadian census">2021</a></th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">68,002</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.1%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left"><i>Source: <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a></i><br /><sup id="cite_ref-1951census_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1951census-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1956census_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1956census-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1961census_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1961census-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1966census_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1966census-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1971census_50-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1971census-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1976census_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1976census-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1981census_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1981census-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><sup id="cite_ref-1986census_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1986census-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1991census_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1991census-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-1996census_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1996census-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2001census_56-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2001census-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-statcan2006ua_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-statcan2006ua-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2011censusprofile_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011censusprofile-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2016censusprofile_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016censusprofile-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Federal_census">Federal census</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Federal census"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/2021_Canadian_census" title="2021 Canadian census">2021 census</a>, the Fort McMurray <a href="/wiki/Population_centre_(Canada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Population centre (Canada)">population centre</a> recorded <span data-sort-value="7004680020000000000♠">68,002</span> residents living in <span data-sort-value="7004245050000000000♠">24,505</span> of its <span data-sort-value="7004286700000000000♠">28,670</span> total private dwellings, a change of <span data-sort-value="7000130953622454300♠" style="display:none"></span>1.3% from its 2016 population of <span data-sort-value="7004671230000000000♠">67,123</span>. With a land area of 52.17 km<sup>2</sup> (20.14 sq mi), it had a population density of <span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7003130346942687368♠"></span>1,303.5/km<sup>2</sup> (3,376.0/sq mi) in 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-2021census_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021census-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Canada_2016_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="Canada 2016 Census">2016 census</a>, the Fort McMurray population centre recorded 66,573 residents living in 23,937 of its 28,567 total private dwellings, a <span data-sort-value="7000993807282635620♠" style="display:none"></span>9.9% change from its 2011 population of 60,555. With a land area of 51.79 km<sup>2</sup> (20.00 sq mi), it had a population density of <span style="display:none" data-sort-value="7003128544120486580♠"></span>1,285.4/km<sup>2</sup> (3,329.3/sq mi) in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-2016census_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016census-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Municipal_census">Municipal census</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Municipal census"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The permanent population of the Fort McMurray urban service area according to the RM of Wood Buffalo's <a href="/wiki/2021_Alberta_municipal_censuses" title="2021 Alberta municipal censuses">2021 municipal census</a> is 72,917,<sup id="cite_ref-2021municipalcensus_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021municipalcensus-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a change of <span data-sort-value="7000119490396358387♠" style="display:none"></span>1.2% from its <a href="/wiki/2018_Alberta_municipal_censuses" title="2018 Alberta municipal censuses">2018 municipal census</a> permanent population of 72,056.<sup id="cite_ref-2018census_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2018census-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, the 2021 municipal census counted a shadow population of 3,089 non-permanent residents for a combined population of 76,006,<sup id="cite_ref-2021municipalcensus_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021municipalcensus-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the 2018 municipal census counted 3,559 non-permanent residents for a combined population of 75,615.<sup id="cite_ref-2018census_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2018census-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Migration">Migration</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Migration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fort McMurray is an increasingly <a href="/wiki/Multiculturalism_in_Canada" title="Multiculturalism in Canada">multicultural</a> community.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2021 census published by the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Wood_Buffalo" title="Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo">Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo</a> found roughly 6,700 people moved to the region since the 2018 census. </p><p>The top four provinces that sent people were other communities in <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a> (55 per cent), followed by <a href="/wiki/Newfoundland_and_Labrador" title="Newfoundland and Labrador">Newfoundland and Labrador</a> (13 percent), and <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a> (nine percent each).<sup id="cite_ref-2021municipalcensus_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021municipalcensus-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This is a drastic change from the 2012 municipal census, which was taken when Fort McMurray and the oil sands was undergoing a huge period of economic and population growth. That census reported people from Ontario represented 27.5 percent of Canadians coming to Fort McMurray, followed by British Columbia (26.3 percent) and Newfoundland and Labrador (17.5 percent). People from elsewhere in Alberta made up 3.1 per cent of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnicity">Ethnicity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ethnicity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 2021 census found 61.5 percent of residents are white, compared to 64 percent in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-2021censusB_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021censusB-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second largest pan ethnic group is Indigenous (10 percent), <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">South East Asian</a> (9.2 percent), followed by <a href="/wiki/South_Asia" title="South Asia">South Asian</a> (7 percent).<sup id="cite_ref-2021censusB_64-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021censusB-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> People identifying as <a href="/wiki/Chinese_people" title="Chinese people">Chinese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_people" title="Japanese people">Japanese</a> or <a href="/wiki/Koreans" title="Koreans">Korean</a> represented 1.3 percent of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-2021censusB_64-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021censusB-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Canada" title="Indigenous peoples in Canada">Indigenous peoples</a> represented 7 percent, remaining consistent from 2018. The municipal survey did not count the population of the region's <a href="/wiki/Indian_reserve" title="Indian reserve">First Nation reserves</a> because they do not fall under municipal jurisdiction. <a href="/wiki/First_Nations_in_Alberta" title="First Nations in Alberta">First Nations people</a> represent four percent of the municipality's population. <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9tis_in_Alberta" title="Métis in Alberta">Métis people</a> represent 2.89 percent of the population, followed by <a href="/wiki/Inuit" title="Inuit">Inuk</a> (0.16 percent) and non-Status First Nation (0.13 percent). </p><p>About 3.2 percent of people identified as <a href="/wiki/Black_Canadians" title="Black Canadians">African</a>, followed by <a href="/wiki/Multiracial_people" title="Multiracial people">mixed ethnicities</a> (2.44 percent), <a href="/wiki/Black_Canadians" title="Black Canadians">Black or African Canadian</a> (2 percent), <a href="/wiki/European_Canadians" title="European Canadians">European</a> (1.73 percent), <a href="/wiki/Arab_Canadians" title="Arab Canadians">Arab</a> (1.41 percent), <a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latin American</a> (1.08 percent), <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_people" title="Caribbean people">Caribbean</a> (0.67 percent) and <a href="/wiki/Oceania" title="Oceania">Oceanic</a> (0.13 percent). </p><p>2.88 percent of respondents did not answer and 0.52 said they did not know their ethnicity.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2021municipalcensus_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021municipalcensus-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable collapsible sortable"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Panethnicity" title="Panethnicity">Panethnic</a> groups in Fort McMurray (2016−2021) </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Panethnicity" title="Panethnicity">Panethnic</a> group </th> <th colspan="2">2021<sup id="cite_ref-2021censusB_64-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2021censusB-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th colspan="2">2016<sup id="cite_ref-2016censusB_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2016censusB-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Population" title="Population"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></a> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr> </th> <th><abbr title="percentage">%</abbr> </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/European_Canadians" title="European Canadians">European</a><sup id="cite_ref-euro_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-euro-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>41,705 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001615299498377102♠" style="display:none"></span>61.53% </td> <td>42,495 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7001640129547337500♠" style="display:none"></span>64.01% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_in_Canada" title="Indigenous peoples in Canada">Indigenous</a> </td> <td>6,755 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000996606668633815♠" style="display:none"></span>9.97% </td> <td>5,195 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000782556300369059♠" style="display:none"></span>7.83% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asian</a><sup id="cite_ref-SoutheastAsian_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SoutheastAsian-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>6,240 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000920625553260548♠" style="display:none"></span>9.21% </td> <td>5,295 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000797619944264517♠" style="display:none"></span>7.98% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Canadians" title="South Asian Canadians">South Asian</a> </td> <td>4,755 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000701534375922100♠" style="display:none"></span>7.02% </td> <td>4,785 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000720795360397680♠" style="display:none"></span>7.21% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/African-Canadian" class="mw-redirect" title="African-Canadian">African</a> </td> <td>4,685 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000691206845677190♠" style="display:none"></span>6.91% </td> <td>4,110 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000619115764103336♠" style="display:none"></span>6.19% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_Canadians" title="Middle Eastern Canadians">Middle Eastern</a><sup id="cite_ref-MiddleEastern_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MiddleEastern-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>1,500 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000221304219533785♠" style="display:none"></span>2.21% </td> <td>1,935 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000291481509377118♠" style="display:none"></span>2.91% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/East_Asian_Canadians" title="East Asian Canadians">East Asian</a><sup id="cite_ref-EastAsian_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EastAsian-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>850 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000125405724402478♠" style="display:none"></span>1.25% </td> <td>1,250 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000188295548693228♠" style="display:none"></span>1.88% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Latin_American_Canadians" title="Latin American Canadians">Latin American</a> </td> <td>635 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999936854529359693♠" style="display:none"></span>0.94% </td> <td>925 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="7000139338706032989♠" style="display:none"></span>1.39% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Other/<a href="/wiki/Multiracial_people" title="Multiracial people">multiracial</a><sup id="cite_ref-Other_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Other-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>f<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td>650 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999958984951313071♠" style="display:none"></span>0.96% </td> <td>405 </td> <td><span data-sort-value="6999610077577766061♠" style="display:none"></span>0.61% </td></tr> <tr> <th>Total responses </th> <th>67,780 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7001996735390135584♠" style="display:none"></span>99.67% </th> <th>66,385 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7001989005259002130♠" style="display:none"></span>98.9% </th></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <th>Total population </th> <th>68,002 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th> <th>67,123 </th> <th><span data-sort-value="7002100000000000000♠" style="display:none"></span>100% </th></tr> <tr class="sortbottom"> <td colspan="5"><span style="font-size:85%;">Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses</span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Fort McMurray is considered the heart of one of Alberta's (and Canada's) hubs of <a href="/wiki/Petroleum" title="Petroleum">petroleum</a> production, located near the <a href="/wiki/Athabasca_oil_sands" title="Athabasca oil sands">Athabasca oil sands</a>. Besides the <a href="/wiki/Oil_sands" title="Oil sands">oil sands</a>, the economy also relies on <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pipeline_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Pipeline transport">pipeline transport</a>, forestry and tourism. Oil sands producers include <a href="/wiki/Syncrude" title="Syncrude">Syncrude</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suncor_Energy" title="Suncor Energy">Suncor Energy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Natural_Resources" title="Canadian Natural Resources">Canadian Natural Resources</a>, and <a href="/wiki/CNOOC_Petroleum_North_America_ULC" class="mw-redirect" title="CNOOC Petroleum North America ULC">CNOOC Petroleum North America ULC</a>. Fort McMurray's growth is characteristic of a <a href="/wiki/Boomtown" title="Boomtown">boomtown</a>. Housing prices and rents are far higher in Fort McMurray than most such remote areas, and in 2006, Fort McMurray had the highest prices in Alberta.<sup id="cite_ref-cry_enough_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cry_enough-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Alberta" title="Politics of Alberta">Alberta government</a> has promised to release more <a href="/wiki/Crown_land" title="Crown land">Crown land</a> for residential construction, particularly in Timberlea on the north side. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Infrastructure">Infrastructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Infrastructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fort_mcmurray_float_plane_at_syne.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Fort_mcmurray_float_plane_at_syne.jpg/220px-Fort_mcmurray_float_plane_at_syne.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Fort_mcmurray_float_plane_at_syne.jpg/330px-Fort_mcmurray_float_plane_at_syne.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Fort_mcmurray_float_plane_at_syne.jpg/440px-Fort_mcmurray_float_plane_at_syne.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Float plane taking off at the Snye</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fort_mcmurray_hwy_63.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Fort_mcmurray_hwy_63.jpg/220px-Fort_mcmurray_hwy_63.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Fort_mcmurray_hwy_63.jpg/330px-Fort_mcmurray_hwy_63.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Fort_mcmurray_hwy_63.jpg/440px-Fort_mcmurray_hwy_63.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Looking north on <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Highway_63" title="Alberta Highway 63">Highway 63</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air">Air</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Air"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_the_Fort_McMurray_area" title="List of airports in the Fort McMurray area">List of airports in the Fort McMurray area</a></div> <p>There are <a href="/wiki/List_of_airports_in_the_Fort_McMurray_area" title="List of airports in the Fort McMurray area">several airports in the area</a>, with <a href="/wiki/Fort_McMurray_International_Airport" title="Fort McMurray International Airport">Fort McMurray International Airport</a> being the largest in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Alberta" title="Northern Alberta">northern Alberta</a>. It is serviced by <a href="/wiki/Air_Canada" title="Air Canada">Air Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_Canada_Express" title="Air Canada Express">Air Canada Express</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=McMurray_Aviation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="McMurray Aviation (page does not exist)">McMurray Aviation</a>, <a href="/wiki/Northwestern_Air" title="Northwestern Air">Northwestern Air</a>, <a href="/wiki/WestJet" title="WestJet">WestJet</a> and <a href="/wiki/WestJet_Encore" title="WestJet Encore">WestJet Encore</a>, with scheduled flights to <a href="/wiki/Calgary" title="Calgary">Calgary</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fort_Chipewyan" title="Fort Chipewyan">Fort Chipewyan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fort_Smith,_Northwest_Territories" title="Fort Smith, Northwest Territories">Fort Smith</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montreal" title="Montreal">Montreal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>. The airport is also serviced by various oil companies with corporate and charter flights heading north to private airstrips at oil sands operations. Flights are frequently booked to capacity because of the high transient worker population and workers who commute to Fort McMurray from other parts of Canada. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_transit">Public transit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Public transit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Fort_McMurray_Transit" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort McMurray Transit">Fort McMurray Transit</a> operates in the community, with routes that extend to all subdivisions on the south side and subdivisions on the north side.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the service concentrates on Fort McMurray it does operate to hamlets in the RM including <a href="/wiki/Anzac,_Alberta" title="Anzac, Alberta">Anzac</a>, <a href="/wiki/Janvier_South" title="Janvier South">Janvier</a>, <a href="/wiki/Conklin,_Alberta" title="Conklin, Alberta">Conklin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fort_McKay" title="Fort McKay">Fort McKay</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Bus">Bus</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Ebus_(intercity_bus)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ebus (intercity bus)">Ebus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Red_Arrow_Motorcoach" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Arrow Motorcoach">Red Arrow</a> operate scheduled passenger bus services to Edmonton and other communities along <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Highway_63" title="Alberta Highway 63">Highway 63</a>, as well as other destinations farther south. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Highways_and_roads">Highways and roads</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Highways and roads"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Highway 63 is the only highway between Fort McMurray and <a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a>. Due to the industrial demands of the oilsands, Highway 63 boasts some of the highest tonnage per kilometre in Canada, and the largest and heaviest loads that trucks have ever carried. Highway 63 was fully twinned in May 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Highway_881" title="Alberta Highway 881">Highway 881</a> also provides access to the region from <a href="/wiki/Lac_La_Biche,_Alberta" title="Lac La Biche, Alberta">Lac La Biche</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Canadian_National_Railway" title="Canadian National Railway">Canadian National Railway</a> (CN) discontinued the <i>Muskeg Mixed</i> (<a href="/wiki/Mixed_train" title="Mixed train">mixed train</a>) to Fort McMurray in 1989, and there has been no passenger rail service since. CN continues to operate freight service on its Lac La Biche subdivision and stations beyond. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mail">Mail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Mail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Canada_Post" title="Canada Post">Canada Post</a> identified Fort McMurray as "having a particularly high cost to serve" in January 2014, and planned to institute a surcharge of $5.00 for all parcels shipped to the area.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the postal service retracted this decision before the rate change went into effect.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fort_mcmurray_timberlea_public_school.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Fort_mcmurray_timberlea_public_school.jpg/220px-Fort_mcmurray_timberlea_public_school.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Fort_mcmurray_timberlea_public_school.jpg/330px-Fort_mcmurray_timberlea_public_school.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Fort_mcmurray_timberlea_public_school.jpg/440px-Fort_mcmurray_timberlea_public_school.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="436" /></a><figcaption>Timberlea Public School (elementary)</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Fort_McMurray_Public_School_District" title="Fort McMurray Public School District">Fort McMurray Public School District</a> (FMPSD) and <a href="/wiki/Fort_McMurray_Catholic_School_District" title="Fort McMurray Catholic School District">Catholic School District</a> both serve the primary, elementary, and secondary education needs of students in Fort McMurray. Each school district offers diverse programs like <a href="/wiki/French_immersion" title="French immersion">French immersion</a>, performing arts or a dedicated technology and science lab, however only FMPSD offers the <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Placement" title="Advanced Placement">Advanced Placement</a> program at one of their schools, being <a href="/wiki/Westwood_Community_High_School" title="Westwood Community High School">Westwood Community High School</a>. </p><p>On Abasand Drive, <a href="/wiki/Greater_North_Central_Francophone_Education_Region_No._2" title="Greater North Central Francophone Education Region No. 2">École Boréal</a> is the only <a href="/wiki/Canadian_French" title="Canadian French">francophone</a> school in the area and goes from pre-kindergarten to grade 12. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Keyano_College" title="Keyano College">Keyano College</a> is a publicly funded college and vocational institute based in the area and plays a role in training workers for the oil sands. Known as the cultural hub of the Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo, Keyano College contains both a state-of-the-art theatre and recital hall, hosting a variety of musical and theatrical events that attract upwards of 50,000 visitors each season. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports_and_recreation">Sports and recreation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Sports and recreation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Local teams include the <a href="/wiki/Fort_McMurray_Oil_Barons" title="Fort McMurray Oil Barons">Fort McMurray Oil Barons</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Junior_Hockey_League" title="Alberta Junior Hockey League">Alberta Junior Hockey League</a> (AJHL), the <a href="/wiki/Fort_McMurray_Giants" title="Fort McMurray Giants">Fort McMurray Giants</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Canadian_Baseball_League" title="Western Canadian Baseball League">Western Canadian Baseball League</a> (WCBL), and the <a href="/wiki/Keyano_College" title="Keyano College">Keyano Huskies</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Colleges_Athletics_Conference" title="Alberta Colleges Athletics Conference">Alberta Colleges Athletics Conference</a> (ACAC). </p><p>The MacDonald Island Park recreation centre is located on MacDonald Island north-east of downtown. The centre contains the Wood Buffalo Regional Library, indoor water park, basketball, tennis and squash courts, rock climbing, fitness centre, indoor playground, ice rinks and public rental space. Shell Place, a connected recreational facility, and a seasonal golf course surround the centre. <a href="/wiki/Fort_McMurray_Knights_RFC" title="Fort McMurray Knights RFC">Fort McMurray Knights Rugby Football Club</a> is also based in the town. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MacDonald_Island_Park_(27107873560).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/MacDonald_Island_Park_%2827107873560%29.jpg/220px-MacDonald_Island_Park_%2827107873560%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/MacDonald_Island_Park_%2827107873560%29.jpg/330px-MacDonald_Island_Park_%2827107873560%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/MacDonald_Island_Park_%2827107873560%29.jpg/440px-MacDonald_Island_Park_%2827107873560%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="669" data-file-height="598" /></a><figcaption>MacDonald Island Park</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tantoo_Cardinal" title="Tantoo Cardinal">Tantoo Cardinal</a>, actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikael_Colville-Andersen" title="Mikael Colville-Andersen">Mikael Colville-Andersen</a>, urban designer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humberly_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Humberly González">Humberly González</a>, actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mark_Hartigan" title="Mark Hartigan">Mark Hartigan</a>, professional <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">hockey</a> player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natasha_Henstridge" title="Natasha Henstridge">Natasha Henstridge</a>, actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Lines" title="Aaron Lines">Aaron Lines</a>, musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassandra_Naud" title="Cassandra Naud">Cassandra Naud</a>, actress and dancer<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kudakwashe_Rutendo" title="Kudakwashe Rutendo">Kudakwashe Rutendo</a>, actress<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Sunderland" title="Daniel Sunderland">Daniel Sunderland</a>, Olympic bobsleigher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooke_Voigt" title="Brooke Voigt">Brooke Voigt</a>, Olympic snowboarder</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massey_Whiteknife" title="Massey Whiteknife">Massey Whiteknife</a>, business executive and musician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Phillips" title="Chris Phillips">Chris Phillips</a>, professional hockey player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carter_Yakemchuk" title="Carter Yakemchuk">Carter Yakemchuk</a> (born 2005), ice hockey player, picked 7th overall in <a href="/wiki/2024_NHL_entry_draft" title="2024 NHL entry draft">2024 NHL draft</a> by <a href="/wiki/Ottawa_Senators" title="Ottawa Senators">Ottawa Senators</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_urban_municipalities_in_Alberta" title="List of former urban municipalities in Alberta">List of former urban municipalities in Alberta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_Fort_McMurray" title="Media in Fort McMurray">Media in Fort McMurray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrolia,_Ontario" title="Petrolia, Ontario">Petrolia, Ontario</a>, Canada's first oil town</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shell_Place" title="Shell Place">Shell Place</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Based on station coordinates provided by Environment Canada, climate data was recorded in the lower town site area of Fort McMurray from June 1908 to November 1944<sup id="cite_ref-Ft_McMurray_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ft_McMurray-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and at <a href="/wiki/Fort_McMurray_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort McMurray Airport">Fort McMurray Airport</a> from January 1944 to the present day.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-euro-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-euro_67-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SoutheastAsian-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SoutheastAsian_68-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MiddleEastern-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MiddleEastern_69-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EastAsian-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-EastAsian_70-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Other-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Other_71-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, <abbr title="not included elsewhere">n.i.e.</abbr>" and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-cry_enough-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cry_enough_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cry_enough_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070325131522/http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/opinion/story.html?id=07e553a7-1cc6-442d-81be-afeccd4c85df">"Fort Mac right to cry 'Enough!'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/opinion/story.html?id=07e553a7-1cc6-442d-81be-afeccd4c85df">the original</a> on March 25, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fort+Mac+right+to+cry+%27Enough%21%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canada.com%2Fedmontonjournal%2Fnews%2Fopinion%2Fstory.html%3Fid%3D07e553a7-1cc6-442d-81be-afeccd4c85df&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gq-magazine.co.uk/article/canada-oil-rush">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"No country for young men"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. March 29, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 8,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22No+country+for+young+men%22&rft.date=2012-03-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gq-magazine.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fcanada-oil-rush&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKeith_Gerein2012" class="citation news cs1">Keith Gerein (April 4, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120405222237/http://www.edmontonjournal.com/business/Highway+twinning+vital+issue+Fort/6407887/story.html">"Highway 63 twinning vital issue in Fort Mac"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Edmonton_Journal" title="Edmonton Journal">Edmonton Journal</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Postmedia_Network" title="Postmedia Network">Postmedia Network</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://edmontonjournal.com/business/Highway+twinning+vital+issue+Fort/6407887/story.html">the original</a> on April 5, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 5,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Edmonton+Journal&rft.atitle=Highway+63+twinning+vital+issue+in+Fort+Mac&rft.date=2012-04-04&rft.au=Keith+Gerein&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedmontonjournal.com%2Fbusiness%2FHighway%2Btwinning%2Bvital%2Bissue%2BFort%2F6407887%2Fstory.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AnnexHistory-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AnnexHistory_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AnnexHistory_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.virtualmuseum.ca/sgc-cms/histoires_de_chez_nous-community_memories/CM_V2_Apps/ui/remWindow.php?remID=105500&remP=/sgc-cms/histoires_de_chez_nous-community_memories%252FCommunityMemories2%252FAAER%252F0002%252Ftext%252F&remEx=Fort+McMurray's+School+Stories&lg=English">"Annexation History"</a>. Virtual Museum of Canada<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 2,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Annexation+History&rft.pub=Virtual+Museum+of+Canada&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.virtualmuseum.ca%2Fsgc-cms%2Fhistoires_de_chez_nous-community_memories%2FCM_V2_Apps%2Fui%2FremWindow.php%3FremID%3D105500%26remP%3D%2Fsgc-cms%2Fhistoires_de_chez_nous-community_memories%25252FCommunityMemories2%25252FAAER%25252F0002%25252Ftext%25252F%26remEx%3DFort%2BMcMurray%27s%2BSchool%2BStories%26lg%3DEnglish&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AMASMProfiles-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AMASMProfiles_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AMASMProfiles_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca/cfml/MunicipalProfiles/basicReport/SMUN.PDF">"Location and History Profile: Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Alberta_Municipal_Affairs" class="mw-redirect" title="Alberta Municipal Affairs">Alberta Municipal Affairs</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 18,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Location+and+History+Profile%3A+Regional+Municipality+of+Wood+Buffalo&rft.pages=30&rft.pub=Alberta+Municipal+Affairs&rft.date=2016-06-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.municipalaffairs.alberta.ca%2Fcfml%2FMunicipalProfiles%2FbasicReport%2FSMUN.PDF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2021census-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2021census_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2021census_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2021census_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=9810001101">"Population and dwelling counts: Canada and population centres"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Climate+Data&rft.atitle=December+1933&rft.date=2011-10-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclimate.weather.gc.ca%2Fclimate_data%2Fdaily_data_e.html%3FhlyRange%3D%257C%26dlyRange%3D1908-06-01%257C1944-11-30%26mlyRange%3D1908-01-01%257C1944-12-01%26StationID%3D2520%26Prov%3DAB%26urlExtension%3D_e.html%26searchType%3DstnName%26optLimit%3DyearRange%26StartYear%3D1840%26EndYear%3D2016%26selRowPerPage%3D25%26Line%3D0%26searchMethod%3Dcontains%26txtStationName%3Dft%2Bmcmurray%26timeframe%3D2%26Year%3D1933%26Month%3D12&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ft_McMurray-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Ft_McMurray_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Ft_McMurray_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://climate.weather.gc.ca/historical_data/search_historic_data_stations_e.html?searchType=stnName&timeframe=1&txtStationName=ft+mcmurray&searchMethod=contains&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2016&Year=2016&Month=6&Day=9&selRowPerPage=25">"Ft McMurray"</a>. <i>Canadian Climate Data</i>. Environment and Climate Change Canada. October 31, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 21,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Climate+Data&rft.atitle=Ft+McMurray&rft.date=2011-10-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclimate.weather.gc.ca%2Fhistorical_data%2Fsearch_historic_data_stations_e.html%3FsearchType%3DstnName%26timeframe%3D1%26txtStationName%3Dft%2Bmcmurray%26searchMethod%3Dcontains%26optLimit%3DyearRange%26StartYear%3D1840%26EndYear%3D2016%26Year%3D2016%26Month%3D6%26Day%3D9%26selRowPerPage%3D25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-April_1939-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-April_1939_42-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_data/daily_data_e.html?hlyRange=%7C&dlyRange=1908-06-01%7C1944-11-30&mlyRange=1908-01-01%7C1944-12-01&StationID=2520&Prov=AB&urlExtension=_e.html&searchType=stnName&optLimit=yearRange&StartYear=1840&EndYear=2016&selRowPerPage=25&Line=0&searchMethod=contains&txtStationName=ft+mcmurray&timeframe=2&Year=1939&Month=4">"April 1939"</a>. <i>Canadian Climate Data</i>. Environment and Climate Change Canada. October 31, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 9,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Climate+Data&rft.atitle=April+1939&rft.date=2011-10-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclimate.weather.gc.ca%2Fclimate_data%2Fdaily_data_e.html%3FhlyRange%3D%257C%26dlyRange%3D1908-06-01%257C1944-11-30%26mlyRange%3D1908-01-01%257C1944-12-01%26StationID%3D2520%26Prov%3DAB%26urlExtension%3D_e.html%26searchType%3DstnName%26optLimit%3DyearRange%26StartYear%3D1840%26EndYear%3D2016%26selRowPerPage%3D25%26Line%3D0%26searchMethod%3Dcontains%26txtStationName%3Dft%2Bmcmurray%26timeframe%3D2%26Year%3D1939%26Month%3D4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1991-2020_Normals-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1991-2020_Normals_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://climate.weather.gc.ca/climate_normals/results_1991_2020_e.html?searchType=stnName_1991&txtStationName_1991=fort+mcmurray&searchMethod=contains&txtCentralLatMin=0&txtCentralLatSec=0&txtCentralLongMin=0&txtCentralLongSec=0&stnID=287000000&dispBack=1">"1991−2020 Normals"</a>. <i>1991−2020 Climate Normals</i>. Environment and Climate Change Canada. January 30, 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 22,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=1991%E2%88%922020+Climate+Normals&rft.atitle=1991%E2%88%922020+Normals&rft.date=2024-01-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fclimate.weather.gc.ca%2Fclimate_normals%2Fresults_1991_2020_e.html%3FsearchType%3DstnName_1991%26txtStationName_1991%3Dfort%2Bmcmurray%26searchMethod%3Dcontains%26txtCentralLatMin%3D0%26txtCentralLatSec%3D0%26txtCentralLongMin%3D0%26txtCentralLongSec%3D0%26stnID%3D287000000%26dispBack%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2012census-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2012census_44-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304045554/http://www.rmwb.ca/Assets/Corporate/Census+Reports/Census+reports+Part+1.pdf">"Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo Municipal Census 2012"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo. October 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rmwb.ca/Assets/Corporate/Census+Reports/Census+reports+Part+1.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on March 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 10,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Regional+Municipality+of+Wood+Buffalo+Municipal+Census+2012&rft.pub=Regional+Municipality+of+Wood+Buffalo&rft.date=2012-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rmwb.ca%2FAssets%2FCorporate%2FCensus%2BReports%2FCensus%2Breports%2BPart%2B1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2015census-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2015census_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170305020544/http://www.rmwb.ca/Assets/Corporate/Census+Reports/Municipal+Census+2015+Report.pdf">"The Municipal Census 2015 Report"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo. 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rmwb.ca/Assets/Corporate/Census+Reports/Municipal+Census+2015+Report.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on March 5, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 22,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Municipal+Census+2015+Report&rft.pub=Regional+Municipality+of+Wood+Buffalo&rft.date=2015&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rmwb.ca%2FAssets%2FCorporate%2FCensus%2BReports%2FMunicipal%2BCensus%2B2015%2BReport.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1951census-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1951census_46-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">"Table 6: Population by census subdivisions, 1871–1951". <i>Ninth Census of Canada, 1951</i>. Vol. I: Population, General Characteristics. Ottawa: <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Dominion Bureau of Statistics</a>. 1953. p. 6.73–6.83.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Table+6%3A+Population+by+census+subdivisions%2C+1871%E2%80%931951&rft.btitle=Ninth+Census+of+Canada%2C+1951&rft.place=Ottawa&rft.pages=6.73-6.83&rft.pub=Dominion+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft.date=1953&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1956census-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1956census_47-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">"Table 6: Population by sex, for census subdivisions, 1956 and 1951". <i>Census of Canada, 1956</i>. Vol. Population, Counties and Subdivisions. Ottawa: <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Dominion Bureau of Statistics</a>. 1957. p. 6.50–6.53.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Table+6%3A+Population+by+sex%2C+for+census+subdivisions%2C+1956+and+1951&rft.btitle=Census+of+Canada%2C+1956&rft.place=Ottawa&rft.pages=6.50-6.53&rft.pub=Dominion+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft.date=1957&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1961census-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1961census_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">"Table 6: Population by census subdivisions, 1901–1961". <i>1961 Census of Canada</i>. Series 1.1: Historical, 1901–1961. Vol. I: Population. Ottawa: <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Dominion Bureau of Statistics</a>. 1963. p. 6.77-6.83.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Table+6%3A+Population+by+census+subdivisions%2C+1901%E2%80%931961&rft.btitle=1961+Census+of+Canada&rft.place=Ottawa&rft.series=Series+1.1%3A+Historical%2C+1901%E2%80%931961&rft.pages=6.77-6.83&rft.pub=Dominion+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft.date=1963&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1966census-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1966census_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">"Population by specified age groups and sex, for census subdivisions, 1966". <i>Census of Canada, 1966</i>. Vol. Population, Specified Age Groups and Sex for Counties and Census Subdivisions, 1966. Ottawa: <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Dominion Bureau of Statistics</a>. 1968. p. 6.50–6.53.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Population+by+specified+age+groups+and+sex%2C+for+census+subdivisions%2C+1966&rft.btitle=Census+of+Canada%2C+1966&rft.place=Ottawa&rft.pages=6.50-6.53&rft.pub=Dominion+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft.date=1968&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1971census-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1971census_50-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">"Table 2: Population of Census Subdivisions, 1921–1971". <i>1971 Census of Canada</i>. Vol. I: Population, Census Subdivisions (Historical). Ottawa: <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a>. 1973. p. 2.102-2.111.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Table+2%3A+Population+of+Census+Subdivisions%2C+1921%E2%80%931971&rft.btitle=1971+Census+of+Canada&rft.place=Ottawa&rft.pages=2.102-2.111&rft.pub=Statistics+Canada&rft.date=1973&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1976census-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1976census_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">"Table 3: Population for census divisions and subdivisions, 1971 and 1976". <i>1976 Census of Canada</i>. Census Divisions and Subdivisions, Western Provinces and the Territories. Vol. I: Population, Geographic Distributions. Ottawa: <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a>. 1977. p. 3.40–3.43.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Table+3%3A+Population+for+census+divisions+and+subdivisions%2C+1971+and+1976&rft.btitle=1976+Census+of+Canada&rft.place=Ottawa&rft.series=Census+Divisions+and+Subdivisions%2C+Western+Provinces+and+the+Territories&rft.pages=3.40-3.43&rft.pub=Statistics+Canada&rft.date=1977&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1981census-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1981census_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">"Table 4: Population and Total Occupied Dwellings, for Census Divisions and Subdivisions, 1976 and 1981". <i>1981 Census of Canada</i>. Vol. II: Provincial series, Population, Geographic distributions (Alberta). Ottawa: <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a>. 1982. p. 4.1–4.10. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-660-51095-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-660-51095-2"><bdi>0-660-51095-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Table+4%3A+Population+and+Total+Occupied+Dwellings%2C+for+Census+Divisions+and+Subdivisions%2C+1976+and+1981&rft.btitle=1981+Census+of+Canada&rft.place=Ottawa&rft.pages=4.1-4.10&rft.pub=Statistics+Canada&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0-660-51095-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1986census-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1986census_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">"Table 2: Census Divisions and Subdivisions – Population and Occupied Private Dwellings, 1981 and 1986". <i>Census Canada 1986</i>. Vol. Population and Dwelling Counts – Provinces and Territories (Alberta). Ottawa: <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a>. 1987. p. 2.1–2.10. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-660-53463-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-660-53463-0"><bdi>0-660-53463-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Table+2%3A+Census+Divisions+and+Subdivisions+%E2%80%93+Population+and+Occupied+Private+Dwellings%2C+1981+and+1986&rft.btitle=Census+Canada+1986&rft.place=Ottawa&rft.pages=2.1-2.10&rft.pub=Statistics+Canada&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-660-53463-0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1991census-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1991census_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">"Table 2: Population and Dwelling Counts, for Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1986 and 1991 – 100% Data". <i>91 Census</i>. Vol. Population and Dwelling Counts – Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions. Ottawa: <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Canada" title="Statistics Canada">Statistics Canada</a>. 1992. pp. <span class="nowrap">100–</span>108. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-660-57115-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-660-57115-3"><bdi>0-660-57115-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Table+2%3A+Population+and+Dwelling+Counts%2C+for+Census+Divisions+and+Census+Subdivisions%2C+1986+and+1991+%E2%80%93+100%25+Data&rft.btitle=91+Census&rft.place=Ottawa&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E100-%3C%2Fspan%3E108&rft.pub=Statistics+Canada&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=0-660-57115-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-1996census-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1996census_55-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-long-vol">"Table 16: Population and Dwelling Counts, for Urban Areas, 1991 and 1996 Censuses – 100% Data". <i>96 Census</i>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.transportation.alberta.ca/4942.htm">the original</a> on June 2, 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Highway+63+Alberta+Transportation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.transportation.alberta.ca%2F4942.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFort_McMurray_Tourism" class="citation web cs1">Fort McMurray Tourism. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200212110534/http://www.fortmcmurraytourism.com/">"Fort McMurray Tourism"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fortmcmurraytourism.com/">the original</a> on February 12, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 30,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fort+McMurray+Tourism&rft.au=Fort+McMurray+Tourism&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fortmcmurraytourism.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canadapost.ca/cpo/mc/assets/pdf/business/parcels_changes_2014_en.pdf">"Parcel Services Price and Service Overview of Changes"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Canada Post<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Parcel+Services+Price+and+Service+Overview+of+Changes&rft.pub=Canada+Post&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canadapost.ca%2Fcpo%2Fmc%2Fassets%2Fpdf%2Fbusiness%2Fparcels_changes_2014_en.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/canada-post-cancels-parcel-surcharge-in-fort-mcmurray-1.2494669">"Canada Post cancels parcel surcharge in Fort McMurray"</a>. CBC<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 16,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Canada+Post+cancels+parcel+surcharge+in+Fort+McMurray&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fcanada%2Fedmonton%2Fcanada-post-cancels-parcel-surcharge-in-fort-mcmurray-1.2494669&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-78">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVolmers2023" class="citation web cs1">Volmers, Eric (June 9, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://calgaryherald.com/entertainment/movies/calgarians-horror-film-infuencer-a-cautionary-tale-about-online-manipulation">"Calgarian's horror film Influencer a cautionary tale about online manipulation"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Calgary_Herald" title="Calgary Herald">Calgary Herald</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 15,</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Calgary+Herald&rft.atitle=Calgarian%27s+horror+film+Influencer+a+cautionary+tale+about+online+manipulation&rft.date=2023-06-09&rft.aulast=Volmers&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcalgaryherald.com%2Fentertainment%2Fmovies%2Fcalgarians-horror-film-infuencer-a-cautionary-tale-about-online-manipulation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFort+McMurray" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Radheyan Simonpillai, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbc.ca/arts/rising-stars-kudakwashe-rutendo-backspot-1.6959481">"Kudakwashe Rutendo is making a handspring into the spotlight with the cheerleading drama Backspot"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBC_Arts" title="CBC Arts">CBC Arts</a>, September 7, 2023.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fort_McMurray&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output 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McKay</a></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Wabasca,_Alberta" title="Wabasca, Alberta">Wabasca</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Fort McMurray</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/La_Loche" title="La Loche">La Loche</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Athabasca,_Alberta" title="Athabasca, Alberta">Athabasca</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lac_La_Biche,_Alberta" title="Lac La Biche, Alberta">Lac La Biche</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cold_Lake,_Alberta" title="Cold Lake, Alberta">Cold Lake</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:Subdivisions of Alberta"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Subdivisions_of_Alberta585" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Subdivisions of <a href="/wiki/Alberta" title="Alberta">Alberta</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subdivisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_Canada#Alberta" title="List of regions of Canada">Regions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_census_divisions_of_Alberta" title="List of census divisions of Alberta">Census divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_census_agglomerations_in_Alberta" title="List of census agglomerations in Alberta">Census agglomerations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_in_Alberta" title="List of municipalities in Alberta">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a 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class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airdrie,_Alberta" title="Airdrie, Alberta">Airdrie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaumont,_Alberta" title="Beaumont, Alberta">Beaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooks,_Alberta" title="Brooks, Alberta">Brooks</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Calgary" title="Calgary">Calgary</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camrose,_Alberta" title="Camrose, Alberta">Camrose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestermere" title="Chestermere">Chestermere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cold_Lake,_Alberta" title="Cold Lake, Alberta">Cold Lake</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Edmonton" title="Edmonton">Edmonton</a></b> (capital)</li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fort McMurray</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Saskatchewan" title="Fort Saskatchewan">Fort Saskatchewan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grande_Prairie" title="Grande Prairie">Grande Prairie</a></li> <li><a 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