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simulator</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: chewing simulator"> <meta name="keywords" content="chewing simulator"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="chewing simulator"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 387</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: chewing simulator</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">267</span> A Task Scheduling Algorithm in Cloud Computing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Bagherinia">Ali Bagherinia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Efficient task scheduling method can meet users' requirements, and improve the resource utilization, then increase the overall performance of the cloud computing environment. Cloud computing has new features, such as flexibility, virtualization and etc., in this paper we propose a two levels task scheduling method based on load balancing in cloud computing. This task scheduling method meet user's requirements and get high resource utilization, that simulation results in CloudSim simulator prove this. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20computing" title="cloud computing">cloud computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=task%20scheduling" title=" task scheduling"> task scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtualization" title=" virtualization"> virtualization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SLA" title=" SLA"> SLA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32451/a-task-scheduling-algorithm-in-cloud-computing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/32451.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">401</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">266</span> Existential Concerns and Related Manifestations of Higher Learning Institution Students in Ethiopia: A Case Study of Aksum University</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ezgiamn%20Abraha%20Hagos">Ezgiamn Abraha Hagos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The primary objective of this study was to assess the existential concerns and related manifestations of higher learning students by investigating their perception of meaningful life and evaluating their purpose in life. In addition, this study was aimed at assessing the manifestations of existential pain among the students. Data was procured using Purpose in Life test (PIL), Well-being Manifestation Measure Scale (WBMMS), and focus group discussion. The total numbers of participants was 478, of which 299 were males and the remaining 179 females. They were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data was analyzed using two ways. SPSS-version 20 was used to analyze the quantitative part, and narrative modes were utilized to analyze the qualitative data. The research finding revealed that students are involved in risk taking behaviors like alcohol ingestion, drug use, Khat (chat) chewing, and unsafe sex. In line with this it is found out that life in campus was perceived as temporary and as a result the sense of hedonism was prevalent at any cost. Of course, the most important thing for the majority of the students was to know about the purpose of life. Regarding WBMMS, there was no statistically significant difference among males and females and with the exception of the sub-scale of happiness; in all the sub-scales the mean is low. At last, assisting adolescents to develop holistically in terms of body, mind, and spirit is recommended. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=existential%20concerns" title="existential concerns">existential concerns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20learning%20institutions" title=" higher learning institutions"> higher learning institutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aksum%20University" title=" Aksum University"> Aksum University</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27194/existential-concerns-and-related-manifestations-of-higher-learning-institution-students-in-ethiopia-a-case-study-of-aksum-university" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27194.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">427</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">265</span> Assessment of Antioxidant Activities in Roots of Miswak (Salvadora persica) Plants Grown at Two Different Locations in Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20M.%20Ibrahima">Mohamed M. Ibrahima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdul%20Aziz%20A.AL%20Sahli"> Abdul Aziz A.AL Sahli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20A.%20Alaraidh"> Ibrahim A. Alaraidh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20A.%20Al-Homaidan"> Ali A. Al-Homaidan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.M.%20Mostafa"> E.M. Mostafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.A.%20EL-Gaaly"> G.A. EL-Gaaly</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Traditionally, in Middle Eastern countries, many cultures use chewing sticks of arak for medicinal purposes especially, for oral cleanliness care. It was used by Muslims for the treatment of teeth and highly recommended to be used by muslims during the whole day. Therefore, the present work aimed to determine the total phenolic content and total flavonoids in two Miswak extracts obtained from arak roots collected from two different localities in Saudi Arabia. They were extracted with aqueous ethanol (80%) and used to estimate in vitro their antioxidative abilities. The new findings showed that the two tested extracts contained significantly different amounts of both total phenolic content and total flavonoids. According to the increase of total phenolic contents and total flavonoids obtained from the two extracts, Miswak collected from the southern region was found to contain more contents than those collected from the middle region. The results of antioxidant activities of Miswak root extract obtained by using different in vitro methods were varied depending on the technique used. According to the malondialdehyde (MDA) method, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging ability and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods, the two Miswak extracts exhibited to have high to very high antioxidant activities. Mostly, the values of antioxidant activities of Southern region have been shown to be always the highest. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arak" title="Arak">Arak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medicinal%20plants" title=" medicinal plants"> medicinal plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20Arabia" title=" Saudi Arabia"> Saudi Arabia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23061/assessment-of-antioxidant-activities-in-roots-of-miswak-salvadora-persica-plants-grown-at-two-different-locations-in-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23061.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">534</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">264</span> A Radiographic Superimposition in Orthognathic Surgery of Class III Skeletal Malocclusion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Albert%20Suryaprawira">Albert Suryaprawira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Patients requiring correction of severe Class III skeletal discrepancy historically has been among the most challenging treatments for orthodontists. Correction of an aesthetic and functional problem is crucially important. This is a case report of an adult male aged 18 years who complained of difficulty in chewing and speaking. Patient has a prominent profile with mandibular excess. The pre-treatment cephalometric radiograph was taken to analyse the skeletal problem and to measure the amount of bone movement and the prediction soft tissue response. The panoramic radiograph was also taken to analyse bone quality, bone abnormality, third molar impaction, etc. Before the surgery, the pre-surgical cephalometric radiograph was taken to re-evaluate the plan and to settle the final amount of bone cut. After the surgery, the post-surgical cephalometric radiograph was taken to confirm the result with the plan. The superimposition between those radiographs was performed to analyse the outcome. It includes the superimposition of the cranial base, maxilla, and mandible. Superimposition is important to describe the amount of hard and soft tissue movement. It is also important to predict the possibility of relapse after the surgery. The patient needs to understand all the surgical plan, outcome and relapse prevention. The surgery included mandibular set back by bilateral sagittal split osteotomies. Although the discrepancy was severe using this combination of treatment and the use of radiographic superimposition, an aesthetically pleasing and stable result was achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cephalometric" title="cephalometric">cephalometric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mandibular%20set%20back" title=" mandibular set back"> mandibular set back</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=orthognathic" title=" orthognathic"> orthognathic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=superimposition" title=" superimposition"> superimposition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64873/a-radiographic-superimposition-in-orthognathic-surgery-of-class-iii-skeletal-malocclusion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64873.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">263</span> Artificial Intelligence in Management Simulators</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuno%20Biga">Nuno Biga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to transform management into several impactful ways. It allows machines to interpret information to find patterns in big data and learn from context analysis, optimize operations, make predictions sensitive to each specific situation and support data-driven decision making. The introduction of an 'artificial brain' in organization also enables learning through complex information and data provided by those who train it, namely its users. The "Assisted-BIGAMES" version of the Accident & Emergency (A&E) simulator introduces the concept of a "Virtual Assistant" (VA) sensitive to context, that provides users useful suggestions to pursue the following operations such as: a) to relocate workstations in order to shorten travelled distances and minimize the stress of those involved; b) to identify in real time existing bottleneck(s) in the operations system so that it is possible to quickly act upon them; c) to identify resources that should be polyvalent so that the system can be more efficient; d) to identify in which specific processes it may be advantageous to establish partnership with other teams; and e) to assess possible solutions based on the suggested KPIs allowing action monitoring to guide the (re)definition of future strategies. This paper is built on the BIGAMES© simulator and presents the conceptual AI model developed and demonstrated through a pilot project (BIG-AI). Each Virtual Assisted BIGAME is a management simulator developed by the author that guides operational and strategic decision making, providing users with useful information in the form of management recommendations that make it possible to predict the actual outcome of different alternative management strategic actions. The pilot project developed incorporates results from 12 editions of the BIGAME A&E that took place between 2017 and 2022 at AESE Business School, based on the compilation of data that allows establishing causal relationships between decisions taken and results obtained. The systemic analysis and interpretation of data is powered in the Assisted-BIGAMES through a computer application called "BIGAMES Virtual Assistant" (VA) that players can use during the Game. Each participant in the VA permanently asks himself about the decisions he should make during the game to win the competition. To this end, the role of the VA of each team consists in guiding the players to be more effective in their decision making, through presenting recommendations based on AI methods. It is important to note that the VA's suggestions for action can be accepted or rejected by the managers of each team, as they gain a better understanding of the issues along time, reflect on good practice and rely on their own experience, capability and knowledge to support their own decisions. Preliminary results show that the introduction of the VA provides a faster learning of the decision-making process. The facilitator designated as “Serious Game Controller” (SGC) is responsible for supporting the players with further analysis. The recommended actions by the SGC may differ or be similar to the ones previously provided by the VA, ensuring a higher degree of robustness in decision-making. Additionally, all the information should be jointly analyzed and assessed by each player, who are expected to add “Emotional Intelligence”, an essential component absent from the machine learning process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamification" title=" gamification"> gamification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=key%20performance%20indicators" title=" key performance indicators"> key performance indicators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20learning" title=" machine learning"> machine learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20simulators" title=" management simulators"> management simulators</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=serious%20games" title=" serious games"> serious games</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20assistant" title=" virtual assistant"> virtual assistant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160525/artificial-intelligence-in-management-simulators" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160525.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">262</span> The Influence of the Types of Smoke Powder and Storage Duration on Sensory Quality of Balinese Beef and Buffalo Meatballs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20Abustam">E. Abustam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20I.%20Said"> M. I. Said</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Yusuf"> M. Yusuf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20M.%20Ali"> H. M. Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to examine the sensory quality of meatballs made from Balinese beef and buffalo meat after the addition of smoke powder prior to storage at the temperatures of 2-5°C for 7 days. This study used meat from Longissimus dorsi muscle of male Balinese cattle aged 3 years and of male buffalo aged 5 years as the main raw materials, and smoke powder as a binder and preservative in making meatballs. The study was based on completely randomized design (CRD) of factorial pattern of 2 x 3 x 2 where factors 1, 2 and 3 included the types of meat (cattle and buffalo), types of smoke powder (oven dried, freeze dried and spray dried) with a level of 2% of the weight of the meat (b/b), and storage duration (0 and 7 days) with three replications respectively. The parameters measured were the meatball sensory quality (scores of tenderness, firmness, chewing residue, and intensity of flavor). The results of this study show that each type of meat has produced different sensory characteristics. The meatballs made from buffalo meat have higher tenderness and elasticity scores than the Balinese beef. Meanwhile, the buffalo meatballs have a lower residue mastication score than the Balinese beef. Each type of smoke powders has produced a relatively similar sensory quality of meatballs. It can be concluded that the smoke powder of 2% of the weight of the meat (w/w) could maintain the sensory quality of the meatballs for 7 days of storage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Balinese%20beef%20meatballs" title="Balinese beef meatballs">Balinese beef meatballs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buffalo%20meatballs" title=" buffalo meatballs"> buffalo meatballs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensory%20quality" title=" sensory quality"> sensory quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smoke%20powder" title=" smoke powder"> smoke powder</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37490/the-influence-of-the-types-of-smoke-powder-and-storage-duration-on-sensory-quality-of-balinese-beef-and-buffalo-meatballs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37490.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">261</span> Mathematical Study of CO₂ Dispersion in Carbonated Water Injection Enhanced Oil Recovery Using Non-Equilibrium 2D Simulator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Abdulrahman">Ahmed Abdulrahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jalal%20Foroozesh"> Jalal Foroozesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> CO₂ based enhanced oil recovery (EOR) techniques have gained massive attention from major oil firms since they resolve the industry's two main concerns of CO₂ contribution to the greenhouse effect and the declined oil production. Carbonated water injection (CWI) is a promising EOR technique that promotes safe and economic CO₂ storage; moreover, it mitigates the pitfalls of CO₂ injection, which include low sweep efficiency, early CO₂ breakthrough, and the risk of CO₂ leakage in fractured formations. One of the main challenges that hinder the wide adoption of this EOR technique is the complexity of accurate modeling of the kinetics of CO₂ mass transfer. The mechanisms of CO₂ mass transfer during CWI include the slow and gradual cross-phase CO₂ diffusion from carbonated water (CW) to the oil phase and the CO₂ dispersion (within phase diffusion and mechanical mixing), which affects the oil physical properties and the spatial spreading of CO₂ inside the reservoir. A 2D non-equilibrium compositional simulator has been developed using a fully implicit finite difference approximation. The material balance term (k) was added to the governing equation to account for the slow cross-phase diffusion of CO₂ from CW to the oil within the gird cell. Also, longitudinal and transverse dispersion coefficients have been added to account for CO₂ spatial distribution inside the oil phase. The CO₂-oil diffusion coefficient was calculated using the Sigmund correlation, while a scale-dependent dispersivity was used to calculate CO₂ mechanical mixing. It was found that the CO₂-oil diffusion mechanism has a minor impact on oil recovery, but it tends to increase the amount of CO₂ stored inside the formation and slightly alters the residual oil properties. On the other hand, the mechanical mixing mechanism has a huge impact on CO₂ spatial spreading (accurate prediction of CO₂ production) and the noticeable change in oil physical properties tends to increase the recovery factor. A sensitivity analysis has been done to investigate the effect of formation heterogeneity (porosity, permeability) and injection rate, it was found that the formation heterogeneity tends to increase CO₂ dispersion coefficients, and a low injection rate should be implemented during CWI. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20mass%20transfer" title="CO₂ mass transfer">CO₂ mass transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carbonated%20water%20injection" title=" carbonated water injection"> carbonated water injection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20dispersion" title=" CO₂ dispersion"> CO₂ dispersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20diffusion" title=" CO₂ diffusion"> CO₂ diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross%20phase%20CO%E2%82%82%20diffusion" title=" cross phase CO₂ diffusion"> cross phase CO₂ diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=within%20phase%20CO2%20diffusion" title=" within phase CO2 diffusion"> within phase CO2 diffusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20mechanical%20mixing" title=" CO₂ mechanical mixing"> CO₂ mechanical mixing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-equilibrium%20simulation" title=" non-equilibrium simulation"> non-equilibrium simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131110/mathematical-study-of-co2-dispersion-in-carbonated-water-injection-enhanced-oil-recovery-using-non-equilibrium-2d-simulator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131110.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">176</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">260</span> SOI-Multi-FinFET: Impact of Fins Number Multiplicity on Corner Effect</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.N.%20Moulay%20Khatir">A.N. Moulay Khatir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Guen-Bouazza"> A. Guen-Bouazza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Bouazza"> B. Bouazza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> SOI-Multifin-FET shows excellent transistor characteristics, ideal sub-threshold swing, low drain induced barrier lowering (DIBL) without pocket implantation and negligible body bias dependency. In this work, we analyzed this combination by a three-dimensional numerical device simulator to investigate the influence of fins number on corner effect by analyzing its electrical characteristics and potential distribution in the oxide and the silicon in the section perpendicular to the flow of the current for SOI-single-fin FET, three-fin and five-fin, and we provide a comparison with a Trigate SOI Multi-FinFET structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SOI" title="SOI">SOI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=FinFET" title=" FinFET"> FinFET</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corner%20effect" title=" corner effect"> corner effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dual-gate" title=" dual-gate"> dual-gate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tri-gate" title=" tri-gate"> tri-gate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Multi-Fin%20FET" title=" Multi-Fin FET"> Multi-Fin FET</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7930/soi-multi-finfet-impact-of-fins-number-multiplicity-on-corner-effect" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7930.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">475</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">259</span> Emotional State and Cognitive Workload during a Flight Simulation: Heart Rate Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Damien%20Mouratille">Damien Mouratille</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonio%20R.%20Hidalgo-Mu%C3%B1oz"> Antonio R. Hidalgo-Muñoz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadine%20Matton"> Nadine Matton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yves%20Rouillard"> Yves Rouillard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mickael%20Causse"> Mickael Causse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Radouane%20El%20Yagoubi"> Radouane El Yagoubi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The monitoring of the physiological activity related to mental workload (MW) on pilots will be useful to improve aviation safety by anticipating human performance degradation. The electrocardiogram (ECG) can reveal MW fluctuations due to either cognitive workload or/and emotional state since this measure exhibits autonomic nervous system modulations. Arguably, heart rate (HR) is one of its most intuitive and reliable parameters. It would be particularly interesting to analyze the interaction between cognitive requirements and emotion in ecologic sets such as a flight simulator. This study aims to explore by means of HR the relation between cognitive demands and emotional activation. Presumably, the effects of cognition and emotion overloads are not necessarily cumulative. Methodology: Eight healthy volunteers in possession of the Private Pilot License were recruited (male; 20.8±3.2 years). ECG signal was recorded along the whole experiment by placing two electrodes on the clavicle and left pectoral of the participants. The HR was computed within 4 minutes segments. NASA-TLX and Big Five inventories were used to assess subjective workload and to consider the influence of individual personality differences. The experiment consisted in completing two dual-tasks of approximately 30 minutes of duration into a flight simulator AL50. Each dual-task required the simultaneous accomplishment of both a pre-established flight plan and an additional task based on target stimulus discrimination inserted between Air Traffic Control instructions. This secondary task allowed us to vary the cognitive workload from low (LC) to high (HC) levels, by combining auditory and visual numerical stimuli to respond to meeting specific criteria. Regarding emotional condition, the two dual-tasks were designed to assure analogous difficulty in terms of solicited cognitive demands. The former was realized by the pilot alone, i.e. Low Arousal (LA) condition. In contrast, the latter generates a high arousal (HA), since the pilot was supervised by two evaluators, filmed and involved into a mock competition with the rest of the participants. Results: Performance for the secondary task showed significant faster reaction times (RT) for HA compared to LA condition (p=.003). Moreover, faster RT was found for LC compared to HC (p < .001) condition. No interaction was found. Concerning HR measure, despite the lack of main effects an interaction between emotion and cognition is evidenced (p=.028). Post hoc analysis showed smaller HR for HA compared to LA condition only for LC (p=.049). Conclusion. The control of an aircraft is a very complex task including strong cognitive demands and depends on the emotional state of pilots. According to the behavioral data, the experimental set has permitted to generate satisfactorily different emotional and cognitive levels. As suggested by the interaction found in HR measure, these two factors do not seem to have a cumulative impact on the sympathetic nervous system. Apparently, low cognitive workload makes pilots more sensitive to emotional variations. These results hint the independency between data processing and emotional regulation. Further physiological data are necessary to confirm and disentangle this relation. This procedure may be useful for monitoring objectively pilot’s mental workload. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20demands" title="cognitive demands">cognitive demands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotion" title=" emotion"> emotion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flight%20simulator" title=" flight simulator"> flight simulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heart%20rate" title=" heart rate"> heart rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20workload" title=" mental workload"> mental workload</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69236/emotional-state-and-cognitive-workload-during-a-flight-simulation-heart-rate-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69236.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">275</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">258</span> Preoperative 3D Planning and Reconstruction of Mandibular Defects for Patients with Oral Cavity Tumors</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janis%20Zarins">Janis Zarins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kristaps%20Blums"> Kristaps Blums</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oskars%20Radzins"> Oskars Radzins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renars%20Deksnis"> Renars Deksnis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atis%20Svare"> Atis Svare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Santa%20Salaka"> Santa Salaka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wide tumor resection remains the first choice method for tumors of the oral cavity. Nevertheless, remained tissue defect impacts patients functional and aesthetical outcome, which could be improved using microvascular tissue transfers. Mandibular reconstruction is challenging due to the complexity of composite tissue defects and occlusal relationships for normal eating, chewing, and pain free jaw motions. Individual 3-D virtual planning would provide better symmetry and functional outcome. The main goal of preoperative planning is to develop a customized surgical approach with patient specific cutting guides of the mandible, osteotomy guides of the fibula, pre-bended osteosynthesis plates to perform more precise reconstruction, to decrease the surgery time and reach the best outcome. Our study is based on the analysis of 32 patients operated on between 2019 to 2021. All patients underwent mandible reconstruction with vascularized fibula flaps. Patients characteristics, surgery profile, survival, functional outcome, and quality of life was evaluated. Preoperative planning provided a significant decrease of surgery time and the best arrangement of bone closely similar as before the surgery. In cases of bone asymmetry, deformity and malposition, a new mandible was created using 3D planning to restore the appearance of lower jaw anatomy and functionality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mandibular" title="mandibular">mandibular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20planning" title=" 3D planning"> 3D planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutting%20guides" title=" cutting guides"> cutting guides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fibula%20flap" title=" fibula flap"> fibula flap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reconstruction" title=" reconstruction"> reconstruction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145543/preoperative-3d-planning-and-reconstruction-of-mandibular-defects-for-patients-with-oral-cavity-tumors" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145543.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">257</span> Skin-to-Skin Contact Simulation: Improving Health Outcomes for Medically Fragile Newborns in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gabriella%20Zarlenga">Gabriella Zarlenga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martha%20L.%20Hall"> Martha L. Hall</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Premature infants are at risk for neurodevelopmental deficits and hospital readmissions, which can increase the financial burden on the health care system and families. Kangaroo care (skin-to-skin contact) is a practice that can improve preterm infant health outcomes. Preterm infants can acquire adequate body temperature, heartbeat, and breathing regulation through lying directly on the mother’s abdomen and in between her breasts. Due to some infant’s condition, kangaroo care is not a feasible intervention. The purpose of this proof-of-concept research project is to create a device which simulates skin-to-skin contact for pre-term infants not eligible for kangaroo care, with the aim of promoting baby’s health outcomes, reducing the incidence of serious neonatal and early childhood illnesses, and/or improving cognitive, social and emotional aspects of development. Methods: The study design is a proof-of-concept based on a three-phase approach; (1) observational study and data analysis of the standard of care for 2 groups of pre-term infants, (2) design and concept development of a novel device for pre-term infants not currently eligible for standard kangaroo care, and (3) prototyping, laboratory testing, and evaluation of the novel device in comparison to current assessment parameters of kangaroo care. A single center study will be conducted in an area hospital offering Level III neonatal intensive care. Eligible participants include newborns born premature (28-30 weeks of age) admitted to the NICU. The study design includes 2 groups: a control group receiving standard kangaroo care and an experimental group not eligible for kangaroo care. Based on behavioral analysis of observational video data collected in the NICU, the device will be created to simulate mother’s body using electrical components in a thermoplastic polymer housing covered in silicone. It will be designed with a microprocessor that controls simulated respiration, heartbeat, and body temperature of the 'simulated caregiver' by using a pneumatic lung, vibration sensors (heartbeat), pressure sensors (weight/position), and resistive film to measure temperature. A slight contour of the simulator surface may be integrated to help position the infant correctly. Control and monitoring of the skin-to-skin contact simulator would be performed locally by an integrated touchscreen. The unit would have built-in Wi-Fi connectivity as well as an optional Bluetooth connection in which the respiration and heart rate could be synced with a parent or caregiver. A camera would be integrated, allowing a video stream of the infant in the simulator to be streamed to a monitoring location. Findings: Expected outcomes are stabilization of respiratory and cardiac rates, thermoregulation of those infants not eligible for skin to skin contact with their mothers, and real time mother Bluetooth to the device to mimic the experience in the womb. Results of this study will benefit clinical practice by creating a new standard of care for premature neonates in the NICU that are deprived of skin to skin contact due to various health restrictions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kangaroo%20care" title="kangaroo care">kangaroo care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wearable%20technology" title=" wearable technology"> wearable technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-term%20infants" title=" pre-term infants"> pre-term infants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20design" title=" medical design "> medical design </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123840/skin-to-skin-contact-simulation-improving-health-outcomes-for-medically-fragile-newborns-in-the-neonatal-intensive-care-unit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/123840.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">256</span> Reactive Analysis of Different Protocol in Mobile Ad Hoc Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manoj%20Kumar">Manoj Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Routing protocols have a central role in any mobile ad hoc network (MANET). There are many routing protocols that exhibit different performance levels in different scenarios. In this paper, we compare AODV, DSDV, DSR, and ZRP routing protocol in mobile ad hoc networks to determine the best operational conditions for each protocol. We analyze these routing protocols by extensive simulations in OPNET simulator and show how to pause time and the number of nodes affect their performance. In this study, performance is measured in terms of control traffic received, control traffic sent, data traffic received, sent data traffic, throughput, retransmission attempts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AODV" title="AODV">AODV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSDV" title=" DSDV"> DSDV</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DSR" title=" DSR"> DSR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZRP" title=" ZRP "> ZRP </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16618/reactive-analysis-of-different-protocol-in-mobile-ad-hoc-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">518</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">255</span> Management Practices in Hypertension: Results of Win-Over-A Pan India Registry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abhijit%20Trailokya">Abhijit Trailokya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamlesh%20Patel"> Kamlesh Patel </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Hypertension is a common disease seen in clinical practice and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Many patients require combination therapy for the management of hypertension. Objective: To evaluate co-morbidities, risk factors and management practices of hypertension in Indian population. Material and methods: A total of 1596 hypertensive adult patients received anti-hypertensive medications were studied in a cross-sectional, multi-centric, non-interventional, observational registry. Statistical analysis: Categories or nominal data was expressed as numbers with percentages. Continuous variables were analyzed by descriptive statistics using mean, SD, and range Chi square test was used for in between group comparison. Results: The study included 73.50% males and 26.50% females. Overweight (50.50%) and obesity (30.01%) was common in the hypertensive patients (n=903). A total of 54.76% patients had history of smoking. Alcohol use (33.08%), sedentary life style (32.96%) and history of tobacco chewing (17.92%) were the other lifestyle habits of hypertensive patients. Diabetes (36.03%) and dyslipidemia (39.79%) history was common in these patients. Family history of hypertension and diabetes was seen in 82.21% and 45.99% patients respectively. Most (89.16%) patients were treated with combination of antihypertensive agents. ARBs were the by far most commonly used agents (91.98%) followed by calcium channel blockers (68.23%) and diuretics (60.21%). ARB was the most (80.35%) preferred agent as monotherapy. ARB was also the most common agent as a component of dual therapy, four drug and five drug combinations. Conclusion: Most of the hypertensive patients need combination treatment with antihypertensive agents. ARBs are the most preferred agents as monotherapy for the management of hypertension. ARBs are also very commonly used as a component of combination therapy during hypertension management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antihypertensive" title="antihypertensive">antihypertensive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hypertension" title=" hypertension"> hypertension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARB" title=" ARB"> ARB</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17885/management-practices-in-hypertension-results-of-win-over-a-pan-india-registry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17885.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">521</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">254</span> Using Digitally Reconstructed Radiographs from Magnetic Resonance Images to Localize Pelvic Lymph Nodes on 2D X-Ray Simulator-Based Brachytherapy Treatment Planning</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Ali%20Oghabian">Mohammad Ali Oghabian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Reiazi"> Reza Reiazi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esmaeel%20Parsai"> Esmaeel Parsai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Aghili"> Mehdi Aghili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramin%20Jaberi"> Ramin Jaberi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this project a new procedure has been introduced for utilizing digitally reconstructed radiograph from MRI images in Brachytherapy treatment planning. This procedure enables us to localize the tumor volume and delineate the extent of critical structures in vicinity of tumor volume. The aim of this project was to improve the accuracy of dose delivered to targets of interest in 2D treatment planning system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brachytherapy" title="brachytherapy">brachytherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cervix" title=" cervix"> cervix</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digitally%20reconstructed%20radiographs" title=" digitally reconstructed radiographs"> digitally reconstructed radiographs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lymph%20node" title=" lymph node"> lymph node</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17959/using-digitally-reconstructed-radiographs-from-magnetic-resonance-images-to-localize-pelvic-lymph-nodes-on-2d-x-ray-simulator-based-brachytherapy-treatment-planning" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17959.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">530</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">253</span> Airborne CO₂ Lidar Measurements for Atmospheric Carbon and Transport: America (ACT-America) Project and Active Sensing of CO₂ Emissions over Nights, Days, and Seasons 2017-2018 Field Campaigns </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joel%20F.%20Campbell">Joel F. Campbell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bing%20Lin"> Bing Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Obland"> Michael Obland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susan%20Kooi"> Susan Kooi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tai-Fang%20Fan"> Tai-Fang Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Byron%20Meadows"> Byron Meadows</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edward%20Browell"> Edward Browell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wayne%20Erxleben"> Wayne Erxleben</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Doug%20McGregor"> Doug McGregor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeremy%20Dobler"> Jeremy Dobler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sandip%20Pal"> Sandip Pal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christopher%20O%27Dell"> Christopher O'Dell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ken%20Davis"> Ken Davis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Active Sensing of CO₂ Emissions over Nights, Days, and Seasons (ASCENDS) CarbonHawk Experiment Simulator (ACES) is a NASA Langley Research Center instrument funded by NASA’s Science Mission Directorate that seeks to advance technologies critical to measuring atmospheric column carbon dioxide (CO₂ ) mixing ratios in support of the NASA ASCENDS mission. The ACES instrument, an Intensity-Modulated Continuous-Wave (IM-CW) lidar, was designed for high-altitude aircraft operations and can be directly applied to space instrumentation to meet the ASCENDS mission requirements. The ACES design demonstrates advanced technologies critical for developing an airborne simulator and spaceborne instrument with lower platform consumption of size, mass, and power, and with improved performance. The Atmospheric Carbon and Transport – America (ACT-America) is an Earth Venture Suborbital -2 (EVS-2) mission sponsored by the Earth Science Division of NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. A major objective is to enhance knowledge of the sources/sinks and transport of atmospheric CO₂ through the application of remote and in situ airborne measurements of CO₂ and other atmospheric properties on spatial and temporal scales. ACT-America consists of five campaigns to measure regional carbon and evaluate transport under various meteorological conditions in three regional areas of the Continental United States. Regional CO₂ distributions of the lower atmosphere were observed from the C-130 aircraft by the Harris Corp. Multi-Frequency Fiber Laser Lidar (MFLL) and the ACES lidar. The airborne lidars provide unique data that complement the more traditional in situ sensors. This presentation shows the applications of CO₂ lidars in support of these science needs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO%E2%82%82%20measurement" title="CO₂ measurement">CO₂ measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IMCW" title=" IMCW"> IMCW</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CW%20lidar" title=" CW lidar"> CW lidar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laser%20spectroscopy" title=" laser spectroscopy"> laser spectroscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96472/airborne-co2-lidar-measurements-for-atmospheric-carbon-and-transport-america-act-america-project-and-active-sensing-of-co2-emissions-over-nights-days-and-seasons-2017-2018-field-campaigns" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">252</span> All at Sea: Why OT / IT Infrastructure Is So Complex and the Challenges of Securing These on a Cruise Ship</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ken%20Munro">Ken Munro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cruise ships are possibly the most complex collection of systems it is possible to find in one physical, moving location. Propulsion, navigation, power generation and more, combined with a hotel, restaurant, casino, theatre etc, with safety and fire control systems to boot. That complexity creates huge challenges with keeping OT and IT systems apart. Ships engines are often remotely managed, network segregation is often defeated through troubleshooting when at sea. This session will refer to multiple entertaining and informative tales of taking control of ships, including accessing a ships Azipods via a game simulator for passengers. Fortunately, genuine attacks against vessels are very rare, but the effects and impacts to world trade are becoming increasingly obvious. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maritime%20security" title="maritime security">maritime security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cybersecurity" title=" cybersecurity"> cybersecurity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OT" title=" OT"> OT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT" title=" IT"> IT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=networks" title=" networks"> networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188528/all-at-sea-why-ot-it-infrastructure-is-so-complex-and-the-challenges-of-securing-these-on-a-cruise-ship" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188528.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">33</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">251</span> The Functional Rehabilitation of Peri-Implant Tissue Defects: A Case Report</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96zg%C3%BCr%20%C3%96zt%C3%BCrk">Özgür Öztürk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cumhur%20Sipahi"> Cumhur Sipahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hande%20Ye%C5%9Fil"> Hande Yeşil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Implant retained restorations commonly consist of a metal-framework veneered with ceramic or composite facings. The increasing and expanding use of indirect resin composites in dentistry is a result of innovations in materials and processing techniques. Of special interest to the implant restorative field is the possibility that composites present significantly lower peak vertical and transverse forces transmitted at the peri-implant level compared to metal-ceramic supra structures in implant-supported restorations. A 43-year-old male patient referred to the department of prosthodontics for an implant retained fixed prosthesis. The clinical and radiographic examination of the patient demonstrated the presence of an implant in the right mandibular first molar tooth region. A considerable amount of marginal bone loss around the implant was detected in radiographic examinations combined with a remarkable peri-implant soft tissue deficiency. To minimize the chewing loads transmitted to the implant-bone interface it was decided to fabricate an indirect composite resin veneered single metal crown over a screw-retained abutment. At the end of the treatment, the functional and aesthetic deficiencies were fully compensated. After a 6 months clinical and radiographic follow-up period the not any additional pathologic invasion was detected in the implant-bone interface and implant retained restoration did not reveal any vehement complication. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dental%20implant" title="dental implant">dental implant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fixed%20partial%20dentures" title=" fixed partial dentures"> fixed partial dentures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indirect%20composite%20resin" title=" indirect composite resin"> indirect composite resin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=peri-implant%20defects" title=" peri-implant defects "> peri-implant defects </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27307/the-functional-rehabilitation-of-peri-implant-tissue-defects-a-case-report" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27307.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">250</span> Throughput of Point Coordination Function (PCF)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faisel%20Eltuhami%20Alzaalik">Faisel Eltuhami Alzaalik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Imhemed%20Alramli"> Omar Imhemed Alramli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Mohamed%20Elaieb"> Ahmed Mohamed Elaieb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The IEEE 802.11 defines two modes of MAC, distributed coordination function (DCF) and point coordination function (PCF) mode. The first sub-layer of the MAC is the distributed coordination function (DCF). A contention algorithm is used via DCF to provide access to all traffic. The point coordination function (PCF) is the second sub-layer used to provide contention-free service. PCF is upper DCF and it uses features of DCF to establish guarantee access of its users. Some papers and researches that have been published in this technology were reviewed in this paper, as well as talking briefly about the distributed coordination function (DCF) technology. The simulation of the PCF function have been applied by using a simulation program called network simulator (NS2) and have been found out the throughput of a transmitter system by using this function. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DCF" title="DCF">DCF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PCF" title=" PCF"> PCF</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=throughput" title=" throughput"> throughput</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NS2" title=" NS2"> NS2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2456/throughput-of-point-coordination-function-pcf" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2456.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">577</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">249</span> Design and Test a Robust Bearing-Only Target Motion Analysis Algorithm Based on Modified Gain Extended Kalman Filter</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Tarek%20Al%20Muallim">Mohammad Tarek Al Muallim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ozhan%20Duzenli"> Ozhan Duzenli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ceyhun%20Ilguy"> Ceyhun Ilguy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Passive sonar is a method for detecting acoustic signals in the ocean. It detects the acoustic signals emanating from external sources. With passive sonar, we can determine the bearing of the target only, no information about the range of the target. Target Motion Analysis (TMA) is a process to estimate the position and speed of a target using passive sonar information. Since bearing is the only available information, the TMA technique called Bearing-only TMA. Many TMA techniques have been developed. However, until now, there is not a very effective method that could be used to always track an unknown target and extract its moving trace. In this work, a design of effective Bearing-only TMA Algorithm is done. The measured bearing angles are very noisy. Moreover, for multi-beam sonar, the measurements is quantized due to the sonar beam width. To deal with this, modified gain extended Kalman filter algorithm is used. The algorithm is fine-tuned, and many modules are added to improve the performance. A special validation gate module is used to insure stability of the algorithm. Many indicators of the performance and confidence level measurement are designed and tested. A new method to detect if the target is maneuvering is proposed. Moreover, a reactive optimal observer maneuver based on bearing measurements is proposed, which insure converging to the right solution all of the times. To test the performance of the proposed TMA algorithm a simulation is done with a MATLAB program. The simulator program tries to model a discrete scenario for an observer and a target. The simulator takes into consideration all the practical aspects of the problem such as a smooth transition in the speed, a circular turn of the ship, noisy measurements, and a quantized bearing measurement come for multi-beam sonar. The tests are done for a lot of given test scenarios. For all the tests, full tracking is achieved within 10 minutes with very little error. The range estimation error was less than 5%, speed error less than 5% and heading error less than 2 degree. For the online performance estimator, it is mostly aligned with the real performance. The range estimation confidence level gives a value equal to 90% when the range error less than 10%. The experiments show that the proposed TMA algorithm is very robust and has low estimation error. However, the converging time of the algorithm is needed to be improved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=target%20motion%20analysis" title="target motion analysis">target motion analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kalman%20filter" title=" Kalman filter"> Kalman filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=passive%20sonar" title=" passive sonar"> passive sonar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bearing-only%20tracking" title=" bearing-only tracking"> bearing-only tracking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70041/design-and-test-a-robust-bearing-only-target-motion-analysis-algorithm-based-on-modified-gain-extended-kalman-filter" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70041.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">402</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">248</span> Analysis of the IEEE 802.15.4 MAC Parameters to Achive Lower Packet Loss Rates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Imen%20Bouazzi">Imen Bouazzi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The IEEE-802.15.4 standard utilizes the CSMA-CA mechanism to control nodes access to the shared wireless communication medium. It is becoming the popular choice for various applications of surveillance and control used in wireless sensor network (WSN). The benefit of this standard is evaluated regarding of the packet loss probability who depends on the configuration of IEEE 802.15.4 MAC parameters and the traffic load. Our exigency is to evaluate the effects of various configurable MAC parameters on the performance of beaconless IEEE 802.15.4 networks under different traffic loads, static values of IEEE 802.15.4 MAC parameters (macMinBE, macMaxCSMABackoffs, and macMaxFrame Retries) will be evaluated. To performance analysis, we use ns-2[2] network simulator. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=WSN" title="WSN">WSN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=packet%20loss" title=" packet loss"> packet loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CSMA%2FCA" title=" CSMA/CA"> CSMA/CA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IEEE-802.15.4" title=" IEEE-802.15.4 "> IEEE-802.15.4 </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21701/analysis-of-the-ieee-802154-mac-parameters-to-achive-lower-packet-loss-rates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21701.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">247</span> Design for Filter and Transitions to Substrat Integated Waveguide at Ka Band</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Damou%20Mehdi">Damou Mehdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nouri%20Keltouma"> Nouri Keltouma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahem%20Mohammed"> Fahem Mohammed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the concept of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology is used to design filter for 30 GHz communication systems. SIW is created in the substrate of RT/Duroid 5880 having relative permittivity ε_r= 2.2 and loss tangent tanφ = 0.0009. Four Via are placed on the century filter the structures of SIW are modeled using and have been optimized in software HFSS (High Frequency Structure Simulator), à transition is designed for a Ka-band transceiver module with a 28.5GHz center frequency, . and then the results are verified using another simulation CST Microwave Studio (Computer Simulation Technology). The return loss are less than -18 dB, and -13 dB respectively. The insertion loss is divided equally -1.2 dB and -1.4 respectively. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transition" title="transition">transition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstrip" title=" microstrip"> microstrip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=substrat%20integrated%20wave%20guide" title=" substrat integrated wave guide"> substrat integrated wave guide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=filter" title=" filter"> filter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=via" title=" via"> via</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20291/design-for-filter-and-transitions-to-substrat-integated-waveguide-at-ka-band" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20291.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">655</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">246</span> Thermal Effect in Power Electrical for HEMTs Devices with InAlN/GaN</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zakarya%20Kourdi">Zakarya Kourdi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Khaouani"> Mohammed Khaouani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benyounes%20Bouazza"> Benyounes Bouazza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahlam%20Guen-Bouazza"> Ahlam Guen-Bouazza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amine%20Boursali"> Amine Boursali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we have evaluated the thermal effect for high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) heterostructure InAlN/GaN with a gate length 30nm high-performance. It also shows the analysis and simulated these devices, and how can be used in different application. The simulator Tcad-Silvaco software has used for predictive results good for the DC, AC and RF characteristic, Devices offered max drain current 0.67A; transconductance is 720 mS/mm the unilateral power gain of 180 dB. A cutoff frequency of 385 GHz, and max frequency 810 GHz These results confirm the feasibility of using HEMTs with InAlN/GaN in high power amplifiers, as well as thermal places. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HEMT" title="HEMT">HEMT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thermal%20Effect" title=" Thermal Effect"> Thermal Effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silvaco" title=" Silvaco"> Silvaco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=InAlN%2FGaN" title=" InAlN/GaN"> InAlN/GaN</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25974/thermal-effect-in-power-electrical-for-hemts-devices-with-inalngan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">467</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">245</span> Analysis of SCR-Based ESD Protection Circuit on Holding Voltage Characteristics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Seo%20Koo">Yong Seo Koo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jong%20Ho%20Nam"> Jong Ho Nam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Nam%20Choi"> Yong Nam Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dae%20Yeol%20Yoo"> Dae Yeol Yoo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jung%20Woo%20Han"> Jung Woo Han</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a silicon controller rectifier (SCR) based ESD protection circuit for IC. The proposed ESD protection circuit has low trigger voltage and high holding voltage compared with conventional SCR ESD protection circuit. Electrical characteristics of the proposed ESD protection circuit are simulated and analyzed using TCAD simulator. The proposed ESD protection circuit verified effective low voltage ESD characteristics with low trigger voltage and high holding voltage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electro-static%20discharge%20%28ESD%29" title="electro-static discharge (ESD)">electro-static discharge (ESD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon%20controlled%20rectifier%20%28SCR%29" title=" silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)"> silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=holding%20voltage" title=" holding voltage"> holding voltage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=protection%20circuit" title=" protection circuit"> protection circuit</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9524/analysis-of-scr-based-esd-protection-circuit-on-holding-voltage-characteristics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">244</span> Concept of Automation in Management of Electric Power Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Richard%20Joseph">Richard Joseph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nerey%20Mvungi"> Nerey Mvungi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An electric power system includes a generating, a transmission, a distribution and consumers subsystems. An electrical power network in Tanzania keeps growing larger by the day and become more complex so that, most utilities have long wished for real-time monitoring and remote control of electrical power system elements such as substations, intelligent devices, power lines, capacitor banks, feeder switches, fault analyzers and other physical facilities. In this paper, the concept of automation of management of power systems from generation level to end user levels was determined by using Power System Simulator for Engineering (PSS/E) version 30.3.2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automation" title="automation">automation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution%20subsystem" title=" distribution subsystem"> distribution subsystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generating%20subsystem" title=" generating subsystem"> generating subsystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PSS%2FE" title=" PSS/E"> PSS/E</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TANESCO" title=" TANESCO"> TANESCO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmission%20subsystem" title=" transmission subsystem"> transmission subsystem</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21448/concept-of-automation-in-management-of-electric-power-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21448.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">674</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">243</span> Resource Management Framework in Cloud Computing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gagandeep%20Kaur">Gagandeep Kaur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sonal%20Chawla"> Sonal Chawla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In a Cloud Computing environment, resource provisioning, resource allocation and resource scheduling is the most complex issues these days. Cloud User expects the best resource utilization and Cloud Provider expects revenue maximization by considering budget and time constraints. In this research paper, Resource Management Framework has been proposed to allocate the resources to Cloud Users and Cloud Providers in Cloud environment. The main aim of the proposed work is to provide the resources and services to Cloud Providers and Cloud Users in an efficient and effective manner. The proposed framework has been simulated and tested using the CloudSim simulator tool. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20computing" title="cloud computing">cloud computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resource%20allocation" title=" resource allocation"> resource allocation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auction" title=" auction"> auction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=provisioning" title=" provisioning"> provisioning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145409/resource-management-framework-in-cloud-computing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145409.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">242</span> Programming with Grammars</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20M.%20Maurer%20Maurer">Peter M. Maurer Maurer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> DGL is a context free grammar-based tool for generating random data. Many types of simulator input data require some computation to be placed in the proper format. For example, it might be necessary to generate ordered triples in which the third element is the sum of the first two elements, or it might be necessary to generate random numbers in some sorted order. Although DGL is universal in computational power, generating these types of data is extremely difficult. To overcome this problem, we have enhanced DGL to include features that permit direct computation within the structure of a context free grammar. The features have been implemented as special types of productions, preserving the context free flavor of DGL specifications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DGL" title="DGL">DGL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enhanced%20Context%20Free%20Grammars" title=" Enhanced Context Free Grammars"> Enhanced Context Free Grammars</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Programming%20Constructs" title=" Programming Constructs"> Programming Constructs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Random%20Data%20Generation" title=" Random Data Generation"> Random Data Generation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129615/programming-with-grammars" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129615.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">241</span> A Cephalometric Superimposition of a Skeletal Class III Orthognathic Patient on Nasion-Sella Line</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Albert%20Suryaprawira">Albert Suryaprawira</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Nasion-Sella Line (NSL) has been used for several years as a reference line in longitudinal growth study. Therefore this line is considered to be stable not only to evaluate treatment outcome and to predict relapse possibility but also to manage prognosis. This is a radiographic superimposition of an adult male aged 19 years who complained of difficulty in aesthetic, talking and chewing. Patient has a midface hypoplasia profile (concave). He was diagnosed to have a severe Skeletal Class III with Class III malocclusion, increased lower vertical height, and an anterior open bite. A pre-treatment cephalometric radiograph was taken to analyse the skeletal problem and to measure the amount of bone movement and the prediction soft tissue response. A panoramic radiograph was also taken to analyse bone quality, bone abnormality, third molar impaction, etc. Before the surgery, a pre-surgical cephalometric radiograph was taken to re-evaluate the plan and to settle the final amount of bone cut. After the surgery, a post-surgical cephalometric radiograph was taken to confirm the result with the plan. The superimposition using NSL as a reference line between those radiographs was performed to analyse the outcome. It is important to describe the amount of hard and soft tissue movement and to predict the possibility of relapse after the surgery. The patient also needs to understand all the surgical plan, outcome and relapse prevention. The surgical management included maxillary impaction and advancement of Le Fort I osteotomy. The evaluation using NSL as a reference was a very useful method in determining the outcome and prognosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nasion-Sella%20Line" title="Nasion-Sella Line">Nasion-Sella Line</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=midface%20hypoplasia" title=" midface hypoplasia"> midface hypoplasia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Le%20Fort%201" title=" Le Fort 1"> Le Fort 1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=maxillary%20advancement" title=" maxillary advancement"> maxillary advancement</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87943/a-cephalometric-superimposition-of-a-skeletal-class-iii-orthognathic-patient-on-nasion-sella-line" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">240</span> Dogs Chest Homogeneous Phantom for Image Optimization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maris%20Eug%C3%AAnia%20Dela%20Rosa">Maris Eugênia Dela Rosa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Luiza%20Menegatti%20Pavan"> Ana Luiza Menegatti Pavan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcela%20De%20Oliveira"> Marcela De Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Diana%20Rodrigues%20De%20Pina"> Diana Rodrigues De Pina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luis%20Carlos%20Vulcano"> Luis Carlos Vulcano</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In medical veterinary as well as in human medicine, radiological study is essential for a safe diagnosis in clinical practice. Thus, the quality of radiographic image is crucial. In last year’s there has been an increasing substitution of image acquisition screen-film systems for computed radiology equipment (CR) without technical charts adequacy. Furthermore, to carry out a radiographic examination in veterinary patient is required human assistance for restraint this, which can compromise image quality by generating dose increasing to the animal, for Occupationally Exposed and also the increased cost to the institution. The image optimization procedure and construction of radiographic techniques are performed with the use of homogeneous phantoms. In this study, we sought to develop a homogeneous phantom of canine chest to be applied to the optimization of these images for the CR system. In carrying out the simulator was created a database with retrospectives chest images of computed tomography (CT) of the Veterinary Hospital of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science - UNESP (FMVZ / Botucatu). Images were divided into four groups according to the animal weight employing classification by sizes proposed by Hoskins & Goldston. The thickness of biological tissues were quantified in a 80 animals, separated in groups of 20 animals according to their weights: (S) Small - equal to or less than 9.0 kg, (M) Medium - between 9.0 and 23.0 kg, (L) Large – between 23.1 and 40.0kg and (G) Giant – over 40.1 kg. Mean weight for group (S) was 6.5±2.0 kg, (M) 15.0±5.0 kg, (L) 32.0±5.5 kg and (G) 50.0 ±12.0 kg. An algorithm was developed in Matlab in order to classify and quantify biological tissues present in CT images and convert them in simulator materials. To classify tissues presents, the membership functions were created from the retrospective CT scans according to the type of tissue (adipose, muscle, bone trabecular or cortical and lung tissue). After conversion of the biologic tissue thickness in equivalent material thicknesses (acrylic simulating soft tissues, bone tissues simulated by aluminum and air to the lung) were obtained four different homogeneous phantoms, with (S) 5 cm of acrylic, 0,14 cm of aluminum and 1,8 cm of air; (M) 8,7 cm of acrylic, 0,2 cm of aluminum and 2,4 cm of air; (L) 10,6 cm of acrylic, 0,27 cm of aluminum and 3,1 cm of air and (G) 14,8 cm of acrylic, 0,33 cm of aluminum and 3,8 cm of air. The developed canine homogeneous phantom is a practical tool, which will be employed in future, works to optimize veterinary X-ray procedures. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiation%20protection" title="radiation protection">radiation protection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phantom" title=" phantom"> phantom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=veterinary%20radiology" title=" veterinary radiology"> veterinary radiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computed%20radiography" title=" computed radiography"> computed radiography</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39738/dogs-chest-homogeneous-phantom-for-image-optimization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39738.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">417</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">239</span> Developing Curricula for Signaling and Communication Course at Malaysia Railway Academy (MyRA) through Industrial Collaboration Program </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Fairus%20Humar">Mohd Fairus Humar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Sulaiman"> Ibrahim Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pedro%20Cruz"> Pedro Cruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hasry%20Harun"> Hasry Harun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the propose knowledge transfer program on railway signaling and communication by Original Equipment Manufacturer (OEM) Thales Portugal. The fundamental issue is that there is no rail related course offered by local universities and colleges in Malaysia which could be an option to pursue student career path. Currently, dedicated trainings related to the rail technology are provided by in-house training academies established by the respective rail operators such as Malaysia Railway Academy (MyRA) and Rapid Rail Training Centre. In this matter, the content of training and facilities need to be strengthened to keep up-to-date with the dynamic evolvement of the rail technology. This is because rail products have evolved to be more sophisticated and embedded with high technology components which no longer exist in the mechanical form alone but combined with electronics, information technology and others. These demand for a workforce imbued with knowledge, multi-skills and competency to deal with specialized technical areas. Talent is needed to support sustainability in Southeast Asia. Keeping the above factors in mind, an Industrial Collaboration Program (ICP) was carried out to transfer knowledge on curricula of railway signaling and communication to a selected railway operators and tertiary educational institution in Malaysia. In order to achieve the aim, a partnership was formed between Technical Depository Agency (TDA), Thales Portugal and MyRA for two years with three main stages of program implementation comprising of: i) training on basic railway signaling and communication for 1 month with Thales in Malaysia; ii) training on advance railway signaling and communication for 4 months with Thales in Portugal and; iii) a series of workshop. Two workshops were convened to develop and harmonize curricula of railway signaling and communication course and were followed by one training for installation equipment of railway signaling and Controlled Train Centre (CTC) system from Thales Portugal. With active involvement from Technical Depository Agency (TDA), railway operators, universities, and colleges, in planning, executing, monitoring, control and closure, the program module of railway signaling and communication course with a lab railway signaling field equipment and CTC simulator were developed. Through this program, contributions from various parties help to build committed societies to engage important issues in relation to railway signaling and communication towards creating a sustainable future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20transfer%20program" title="knowledge transfer program">knowledge transfer program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=railway%20signaling%20and%20communication" title=" railway signaling and communication"> railway signaling and communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curricula" title=" curricula"> curricula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=module%20and%20teaching%20aid%20simulator" title=" module and teaching aid simulator"> module and teaching aid simulator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89833/developing-curricula-for-signaling-and-communication-course-at-malaysia-railway-academy-myra-through-industrial-collaboration-program" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89833.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">238</span> Performance Analysis of Ad-Hoc Network Routing Protocols</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Baddari">I. Baddari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Riahla"> A. Riahla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Mezghich"> M. Mezghich</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today in the literature, we discover a lot of routing algorithms which some have been the subject of normalization. Two great classes Routing algorithms are defined, the first is the class reactive algorithms and the second that of algorithms proactive. The aim of this work is to make a comparative study between some routing algorithms. Two comparisons are considered. The first will focus on the protocols of the same class and second class on algorithms of different classes (one reactive and the other proactive). Since they are not based on analytical models, the exact evaluation of some aspects of these protocols is challenging. Simulations have to be done in order to study their performances. Our simulation is performed in NS2 (Network Simulator 2). It identified a classification of the different routing algorithms studied in a metrics such as loss of message, the time transmission, mobility, etc. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ad-hoc%20network%20routing%20protocol" title="ad-hoc network routing protocol">ad-hoc network routing protocol</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NS2" title=" NS2"> NS2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delay" title=" delay"> delay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=packet%20loss" title=" packet loss"> packet loss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wideband" title=" wideband"> wideband</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobility" title=" mobility"> mobility</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23093/performance-analysis-of-ad-hoc-network-routing-protocols" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23093.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chewing%20simulator&page=4" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chewing%20simulator&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chewing%20simulator&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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