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pharmaceutical industries</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: pharmaceutical industries"> <meta name="keywords" content="pharmaceutical industries"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="pharmaceutical industries"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 2348</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: pharmaceutical industries</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2348</span> The Influence of the Intellectual Capital on the Firms’ Market Value: A Study of Listed Firms in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bita%20Mashayekhi">Bita Mashayekhi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyed%20Meisam%20Tabatabaie%20Nasab"> Seyed Meisam Tabatabaie Nasab</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Intellectual capital is one of the most valuable and important parts of the intangible assets of enterprises especially in knowledge-based enterprises. With respect to increasing gap between the market value and the book value of the companies, intellectual capital is one of the components that can be placed in this gap. This paper uses the value added efficiency of the three components, capital employed, human capital and structural capital, to measure the intellectual capital efficiency of Iranian industries groups, listed in the Tehran Stock Exchange (TSE), using a 8 years period data set from 2005 to 2012. In order to analyze the effect of intellectual capital on the market-to-book value ratio of the companies, the data set was divided into 10 industries, Banking, Pharmaceutical, Metals & Mineral Nonmetallic, Food, Computer, Building, Investments, Chemical, Cement and Automotive, and the panel data method was applied to estimating pooled OLS. The results exhibited that value added of capital employed has a positive significant relation with increasing market value in the industries, Banking, Metals & Mineral Nonmetallic, Food, Computer, Chemical and Cement, and also, showed that value added efficiency of structural capital has a positive significant relation with increasing market value in the Banking, Pharmaceutical and Computer industries groups. The results of the value added showed a negative relation with the Banking and Pharmaceutical industries groups and a positive relation with computer and Automotive industries groups. Among the studied industries, computer industry has placed the widest gap between the market value and book value in its intellectual capital. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capital%20employed" title="capital employed">capital employed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20capital" title=" human capital"> human capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectual%20capital" title=" intellectual capital"> intellectual capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market-to-book%20value" title=" market-to-book value"> market-to-book value</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20capital" title=" structural capital"> structural capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value%20added%20efficiency" title=" value added efficiency"> value added efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37826/the-influence-of-the-intellectual-capital-on-the-firms-market-value-a-study-of-listed-firms-in-the-tehran-stock-exchange-tse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37826.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">377</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2347</span> Assessment of Physical, Chemical and Radionuclides Concentrations in Pharamasucal Industrial Wastewater Effluents in Amman, Jordan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Salem%20Abdullah%20Alhwaiti">Mohammad Salem Abdullah Alhwaiti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted to assess the physical, chemical, and radionuclide concentrations of pharmaceutical industrial wastewater effluents. Fourteen wastewater samples were collected from pharmaceutical industries. The results showed a marked reduction in the levels of TH, Mg, and Ca concentration in wastewater limit for properties and criteria for discharge of wastewater to streams or wadies or water bodies in the effluent, whereas TSS and TDS showed higher concentration allowable for discharge of wastewater to streams or wadies or water bodies. The gross α activity in all the wastewater samples ranged between (0.086-0.234 Bq/L) lowered the 0.1 Bq/L limit set by World Health Organization (WHO), whereas gross β activity in few samples ranged between (2.565-4.800 Bq/L), indicating the higher limit set by WHO. Gamma spectroscopy revealed that K-40, Cr-51, Co-60, I-131, Cs-137, and U-238 activity are ≤0.114 Bq/L, ≤0.062 Bq/L, ≤0.00815Bq/L, ≤0.00792Bq/L, ≤0.00956 Bq/L, and ≤0.151 Bq/L, respectively, indicating lowest concentrations of these radionuclides in the pharmaceutical industrial wastewater effluents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20wastewater" title="pharmaceutical wastewater">pharmaceutical wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gross%20%CE%B1%2F%CE%B2%20activity" title=" gross α/β activity"> gross α/β activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radionuclides" title=" radionuclides"> radionuclides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jordan" title=" Jordan"> Jordan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162078/assessment-of-physical-chemical-and-radionuclides-concentrations-in-pharamasucal-industrial-wastewater-effluents-in-amman-jordan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162078.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2346</span> Linking Market Performance to Exploration and Exploitation in The Pharmaceutical Industry </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johann%20Valentowitsch">Johann Valentowitsch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wolfgang%20Burr"> Wolfgang Burr</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In organizational research, strategies of exploration and exploitation are often considered to be contradictory. Building on the tradeoff argument, many authors have assumed that a company's market performance should be positively dependent on its strategic balance between exploration and exploitation over time. In this study, we apply this reasoning to the pharmaceutical industry. Using exploratory regression analysis we show that the long-term market performance of a pharmaceutical company is linked to both its ability to carry out exploratory projects and its ability to develop exploitative competencies. In particular, our findings demonstrate that, on average, the company's annual sales performance is higher the better the strategic alignment between exploration and exploitation is balanced. The contribution of our research is twofold. On the one hand, we provide empirical evidence for the initial tradeoff hypothesis and thus support the theoretical position of those who understand exploration and exploitation as strategic substitutes. On the other hand, our findings show that a balanced relationship between exploration and exploitation is also important in research-intensive industries, which naturally tend to place more emphasis on exploration. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exploitation" title="exploitation">exploitation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exploration" title=" exploration"> exploration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=market%20performance" title=" market performance"> market performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20industry" title=" pharmaceutical industry"> pharmaceutical industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategy" title=" strategy "> strategy </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128901/linking-market-performance-to-exploration-and-exploitation-in-the-pharmaceutical-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2345</span> Heat Waves Effect on Stock Return and Volatility: Evidence from Stock Market and Selected Industries in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sayed%20Kifayat%20Shah">Sayed Kifayat Shah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tang%20Zhongjun"> Tang Zhongjun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arfa%20Tanveer"> Arfa Tanveer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study explores the significant heatwave effect on stock return and volatility. Using an ARCH/GARCH approach, it examines the relationship between the heatwave of Karachi, Islamabad, and Lahore on the KSE-100 index. It also explores the impact of heatwave on returns of the pharmaceutical and electronics industries. The empirical results confirm that that stock return is positively related to the heat waves of Karachi, negatively related to that of Islamabad, and is not affected by the heatwave of Lahore. Similarly, pharmaceutical and electronics indices are also positively related to heatwaves. These differences in results can be ascribed to the change in the behavior of the residents of that city. The outcomes are useful for understanding an investor's behavior reacting to weather and fluxes in stock price related to heatwave severity levels. The results can support investors in fixing biases in behavior. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ARCH%2FGARCH%20model" title="ARCH/GARCH model">ARCH/GARCH model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20wave" title=" heat wave"> heat wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=KSE-100%20index" title=" KSE-100 index"> KSE-100 index</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stock%20market%20return" title=" stock market return"> stock market return</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129970/heat-waves-effect-on-stock-return-and-volatility-evidence-from-stock-market-and-selected-industries-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129970.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2344</span> Robust Batch Process Scheduling in Pharmaceutical Industries: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tommaso%20Adamo">Tommaso Adamo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gianpaolo%20Ghiani"> Gianpaolo Ghiani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Antonio%20Domenico%20Grieco"> Antonio Domenico Grieco</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emanuela%20Guerriero"> Emanuela Guerriero</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Batch production plants provide a wide range of scheduling problems. In pharmaceutical industries a batch process is usually described by a recipe, consisting of an ordering of tasks to produce the desired product. In this research work we focused on pharmaceutical production processes requiring the culture of a microorganism population (i.e. bacteria, yeasts or antibiotics). Several sources of uncertainty may influence the yield of the culture processes, including (i) low performance and quality of the cultured microorganism population or (ii) microbial contamination. For these reasons, robustness is a valuable property for the considered application context. In particular, a robust schedule will not collapse immediately when a cell of microorganisms has to be thrown away due to a microbial contamination. Indeed, a robust schedule should change locally in small proportions and the overall performance measure (i.e. makespan, lateness) should change a little if at all. In this research work we formulated a constraint programming optimization (COP) model for the robust planning of antibiotics production. We developed a discrete-time model with a multi-criteria objective, ordering the different criteria and performing a lexicographic optimization. A feasible solution of the proposed COP model is a schedule of a given set of tasks onto available resources. The schedule has to satisfy tasks precedence constraints, resource capacity constraints and time constraints. In particular time constraints model tasks duedates and resource availability time windows constraints. To improve the schedule robustness, we modeled the concept of (a, b) super-solutions, where (a, b) are input parameters of the COP model. An (a, b) super-solution is one in which if a variables (i.e. the completion times of a culture tasks) lose their values (i.e. cultures are contaminated), the solution can be repaired by assigning these variables values with a new values (i.e. the completion times of a backup culture tasks) and at most b other variables (i.e. delaying the completion of at most b other tasks). The efficiency and applicability of the proposed model is demonstrated by solving instances taken from Sanofi Aventis, a French pharmaceutical company. Computational results showed that the determined super-solutions are near-optimal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=constraint%20programming" title="constraint programming">constraint programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=super-solutions" title=" super-solutions"> super-solutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robust%20scheduling" title=" robust scheduling"> robust scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=batch%20process" title=" batch process"> batch process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20industries" title=" pharmaceutical industries"> pharmaceutical industries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29803/robust-batch-process-scheduling-in-pharmaceutical-industries-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29803.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">618</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2343</span> Effects of Pharmaceutical Drugs on Fish (koi) Behaviour and Muscle Function</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gayathri%20Vijayakumar">Gayathri Vijayakumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Preethi%20Baskaran"> Preethi Baskaran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The effluents that are let down by the industries mix with the water bodies and drastically affect the aquatic life, which leads to pollution and bio magnifications. Effluents mostly contain chemicals, heavy metals etc., and cause toxicity to the environment. The pharmaceutical industries too contribute. The by-products and other unwanted waste are discharged without any treatment; these causes DNA damage and affect behavior of aquatic life. The study was conducted on koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) the ornamental variety of common carp. A two week long study was conducted on them using common anti-depressant drug (Diazepam) in various concentrations. These drugs are known to cause behavioral damage and organ malfunctions (muscle twitch). The histopathological study conducted showed permanent muscle twitching and lesions in the fish samples studied. The sociability was also affected in the span of 14 days. Higher concentrations of this drug showed severe damage in the muscle structures. Thus, this drug can cause adverse effects on marine ecosystem and eventually cause bio magnification of drug by running through the food chain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollution" title="pollution">pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity"> toxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio-magnifications" title=" bio-magnifications"> bio-magnifications</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=koi%20carp" title=" koi carp"> koi carp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle%20twitch" title=" muscle twitch"> muscle twitch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diazepam" title=" diazepam"> diazepam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathology" title=" histopathology"> histopathology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158151/effects-of-pharmaceutical-drugs-on-fish-koi-behaviour-and-muscle-function" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158151.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2342</span> An Empirical Analysis of HRM in Different Pharmaceutical Departments of Different Pharmaceutical Industries in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faisal%20Ali">Faisal Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansoor%20Shuakat"> Mansoor Shuakat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cui%20Lirong"> Cui Lirong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20Riasat"> Rabia Riasat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> HR is a department that enhances the power of employee performance in regard with their services, and to make the organization strategic objectives. The main concern of HR department is to organize people, focus on policies and their system. The empirical study shows the relationship between HRM (Human Resource Management practices) and their Job Satisfaction. The Hypothesis is testing on a sample of overall 320 employees of 5 different Pharmaceutical departments of different organizations in Pakistan. The important thing as Relationship of Job satisfaction with HR Practices, Impact on Job Satisfaction with HR Practices, Participation of Staff of Different Departments, HR Practices effects the Job satisfaction, Recruitment or Hiring and Selection effects the Job satisfaction, Training and Development, Performance and Appraisals, Compensation affects the Job satisfaction , and Industrial Relationships affects the Job satisfaction. After finishing all data analysis, the conclusion is that lots of Job related activities raise the confidence of Job satisfaction of employees with their salary and other benefits. Implications of HR practices discussed, Limitations, and future research study also offered write the main conclusion for your paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HRM" title="HRM">HRM</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HR%20practices" title=" HR practices"> HR practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20satisfaction" title=" job satisfaction"> job satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TQM" title=" TQM "> TQM </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30191/an-empirical-analysis-of-hrm-in-different-pharmaceutical-departments-of-different-pharmaceutical-industries-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30191.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">368</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2341</span> An Analysis of Possible Implications of Patent Term Extension in Pharmaceutical Sector on Indian Consumers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anandkumar%20Rshindhe">Anandkumar Rshindhe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Patents are considered as good monopoly in India. It is a mechanism by which the inventor is encouraged to do invention and also to make available to the society at large with a new useful technology. Patent system does not provide any protection to the invention itself but to the claims (rights) which the patentee has identified in relation to his invention. Thus the patentee is granted monopoly to the extent of his recognition of his own rights in the form of utilities and all other utilities of invention are for the public. Thus we find both benefit to the inventor and the public at large that is the ultimate consumer. But developing any such technology is not free of cost. Inventors do a lot of investment in the coming out with a new technologies. One such example if of Pharmaceutical industries. These pharmaceutical Industries do lot of research and invest lot of money, time and labour in coming out with these invention. Once invention is done or process identified, in order to protect it, inventors approach Patent system to protect their rights in the form of claim over invention. The patent system takes its own time in giving recognition to the invention as patent. Even after the grant of patent the pharmaceutical companies need to comply with many other legal formalities to launch it as a drug (medicine) in market. Thus major portion in patent term is unproductive to patentee and whatever limited period the patentee gets would be not sufficient to recover the cost involved in invention and as a result price of patented product is raised very much, just to recover the cost of invent. This is ultimately a burden on consumer who is paying more only because the legislature has failed to provide for the delay and loss caused to patentee. This problem can be effectively remedied if Patent Term extension is done. Due to patent term extension, the inventor gets some more time in recovering the cost of invention. Thus the end product is much more cheaper compared to non patent term extension.The basic question here arises is that when the patent period granted to a patentee is only 20 years and out of which a major portion is spent in complying with necessary legal formalities before making the medicine available in market, does the company with the limited period of monopoly recover its investment made for doing research. Further the Indian patent Act has certain provisions making it mandatory on the part of patentee to make its patented invention at reasonable affordable price in India. In the light of above questions whether extending the term of patent would be a proper solution and a necessary requirement to protect the interest of patentee as well as the ultimate consumer. The basic objective of this paper would be to check the implications of Extending the Patent term on Indian Consumers. Whether it provides the benefits to the patentee, consumer or a hardship to the Generic industry and consumer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patent%20term%20extention" title="patent term extention">patent term extention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consumer%20interest" title=" consumer interest"> consumer interest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generic%20drug%20industry" title=" generic drug industry"> generic drug industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20industries" title="pharmaceutical industries">pharmaceutical industries</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28139/an-analysis-of-possible-implications-of-patent-term-extension-in-pharmaceutical-sector-on-indian-consumers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28139.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2340</span> Fiqh Challenge in Production of Halal Pharmaceutical Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saadan%20Man">Saadan Man</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Razidah%20Othmanjaludin"> Razidah Othmanjaludin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madiha%20Baharuddin"> Madiha Baharuddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, the pharmaceutical products are produced through the mixing of active and complex ingredient, naturally or synthetically; and involve extensive use of prohibited animal products. This article studies the challenges faced from fiqh perspective in the production of halal pharmaceutical products which frequently contain impure elements or prohibited animal derivatives according to Islamic law. This study is qualitative which adopts library research as well as field research by conducting series of interviews with the several related parties. The gathered data is analyzed from Sharia perspective by using some instruments especially the principle of Maqasid of Sharia. This study shows that the halal status of pharmaceutical products depends on the three basic elements: the sources of the basic ingredient; the processes involved in three phases of production, i.e., before, during and after; and the possible effects of the products. Various fiqh challenges need to be traversed in producing halal pharmaceutical products including the sources of the ingredients, the logistic process, the tools used, and the procedures of productions. Thus, the whole supply chain of production of pharmaceutical products must be well managed in accordance to the halal standard. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fiqh" title="fiqh">fiqh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=halal%20pharmaceutical" title=" halal pharmaceutical"> halal pharmaceutical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20products" title=" pharmaceutical products"> pharmaceutical products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malaysia" title=" Malaysia"> Malaysia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97564/fiqh-challenge-in-production-of-halal-pharmaceutical-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/97564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2339</span> IP Management Tools, Strategies, Best Practices, and Business Models for Pharmaceutical Products</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nerella%20Srinivas">Nerella Srinivas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the role of intellectual property (IP) management in pharmaceutical development, focusing on tools, strategies, and business models for leveraging IP effectively. Using a mixed-methods approach, we conducted case studies and qualitative analyses of IP management frameworks within the pharmaceutical sector. Our methodology included a review of IP tools tailored for pharmaceutical applications, strategic IP models for maximizing competitive advantages, and best practices for organizational efficiency. Findings emphasize the importance of understanding IP law and adopting adaptive strategies, illustrating how IP management can drive industry growth. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectual%20property%20management" title="intellectual property management">intellectual property management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20products" title=" pharmaceutical products"> pharmaceutical products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IP%20tools" title=" IP tools"> IP tools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IP%20strategies" title=" IP strategies"> IP strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=best%20practices" title=" best practices"> best practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20models" title=" business models"> business models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193084/ip-management-tools-strategies-best-practices-and-business-models-for-pharmaceutical-products" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193084.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">13</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2338</span> A Critical Review of the Success Model of Indian Pharmaceutical Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ekta%20Pandey">Ekta Pandey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Indian Pharmaceutical Industry is ranked third largest by volume and fourteenth by value. It thus accounts for 10% of world’s production by volume and 1.5% by value according to Department of Pharmaceuticals, Government of India. The industry has shown phenomenal growth over past few years, moving from US $ 1 billion turnover in 1990 to a turnover of around US $30 billion in 2015. The Indian pharmaceutical sector is ranked seventeenth in terms of export value of active pharmaceutical ingredients and dosage forms to more than 200 countries around the globe. It has shown tremendous changes especially after Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) agreement. Recognizing the immense potential for growth and its direct impact on Indian economy, it is important to look up the industrial policies adopted since Indian independence which turnaround the Indian pharmaceutical industry. A systematic review of changes in market structure of Indian pharmaceutical industry due to shift in policy regimes is done from 1850 to 2015 using secondary peer reviewed published research work. The aim is to understand the impact of anti-trust laws, intellectual property rights, industry competition acts and regulations are quite crucial in determining effective economic policy and have overall lasting effects on international trade and ties. The proposed paper examines the position of Indian domestic firms relative to multinational pharmaceutical firms tries to throw some light on the growth curve of Indian pharmaceutical sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=active%20pharmaceutical%20ingredients" title="active pharmaceutical ingredients">active pharmaceutical ingredients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competition%20act" title=" competition act"> competition act</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20industry" title=" pharmaceutical industry"> pharmaceutical industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=TRIPS" title=" TRIPS"> TRIPS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76944/a-critical-review-of-the-success-model-of-indian-pharmaceutical-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76944.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">438</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2337</span> Corporate Life Cycle and Corporate Social Responsibility Performance: Empirical Evidence from Pharmaceutical Industry in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jing%20%28Claire%29%20LI">Jing (Claire) LI</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The topic of corporate social responsibility (CSR) is significant for pharmaceutical companies in China at this current stage. This is because, as a rapid growth industry in China in recent years, the pharmaceutical industry in China has been undergone continuous and terrible incidents relating to CSR. However, there is limited research and practice of CSR in Chinese pharmaceutical companies. Also, there is an urgent call for more research in an international context to understand the implications of corporate life cycle on CSR performance. To respond to the research need and research call, this study examines the relationship between corporate life cycle and CSR performance of Chinese listed companies in pharmaceutical industry. This research studies Chinese listed companies in pharmaceutical industry for the period of 2010-2017, where the data is available in database. Following the literature, this study divides CSR performance with regards to CSR dimensions, including shareholders, creditors, employees, customers, suppliers, the government, and the society. This study uses CSR scores of HEXUN database and financial measures of these CSR dimensions to measure the CSR performance. This study performed regression analysis to examine the relationship between corporate life cycle stages and CSR performance with regards to CSR dimensions for pharmaceutical listed companies in China. Using cash flow pattern as proxy of corporate life cycle to classify corporate life cycle stages, this study found that most (least) pharmaceutical companies in China are in maturity (decline) stage. This study found that CSR performance for most dimensions are highest (lowest) in maturity (decline) stage as well. Among these CSR dimensions, performing responsibilities for shareholder is the most important among all CSR responsibilities for pharmaceutical companies. This study is the first to provide important empirical evidence from Chinese pharmaceutical industry on the association between life cycle and CSR performance, supporting that corporate life cycle is a key factor in CSR performance. The study expands corporate life cycle and CSR literatures and has both empirical and theoretical contributions to the literature. From perspective of empirical contributions, the findings contribute to the argument that whether there is a relationship between CSR performance and various corporate life cycle stages in the literature. This study also provides empirical evidence that companies in different corporate life cycles have difference in CSR performance. From perspective of theoretical contributions, this study relates CSR and stakeholders to corporate life cycle stages and complements the corporate life cycle and CSR literature. This study has important implications for managers and policy makers. First, the results will be helpful for managers to have an understanding in the essence of CSR, and their company’s current and future CSR focus over corporate life cycle. This study provides a reference for their actions and may help them make more wise resources allocation decisions of CSR investment. Second, policy makers (in the government, stock exchanges, and securities commission) may consider corporate life cycle as an important factor in formulating future regulations for companies. Future research can explore the "process-based" differences in CSR performance and more industries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title="China">China</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20life%20cycle" title=" corporate life cycle"> corporate life cycle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20social%20responsibility" title=" corporate social responsibility"> corporate social responsibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20industry" title=" pharmaceutical industry"> pharmaceutical industry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128353/corporate-life-cycle-and-corporate-social-responsibility-performance-empirical-evidence-from-pharmaceutical-industry-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128353.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2336</span> An Analysis of Present Supplier Selection Criteria of State Pharmaceutical Corporation (SPC) Sri Lanka: A Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gamalath%20M.%20B.%20P.%20Abeysekara">Gamalath M. B. P. Abeysekara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Primary objective of any organization is to enhance the bottom line profit. Strategic procurement is one of the prominent aspects in view of receiving this ultimate objective. Strategic procurement is an activity used in each and every organization in their operations. Pharmaceutical procurement is an especially significant task for any organizations, particularly state sector concerned. The whole pharmaceutical procurement requirement of the country is procured through the State Pharmaceutical Corporation (SPC) of Sri Lanka. They follow Pharmaceutical Procurement Guideline of 2006 as the procurement principle. The main objective of this project is to identify the importance of State Pharmaceutical Corporation supplier selection criteria and critical analysis of pharmaceutical procurement procedure. State Pharmaceutical Corporations applied net price, product quality, past performance, and delivery of suppliers’ as main criteria for the selection suppliers. Data collection for this study was taken place through a questionnaire, given to fifty doctors within the Colombo district attached to five main state hospitals. Data analysis is carried out with mean and standard deviation functions. The ultimate outcomes indicated product quality, net price, and delivery of suppliers’ are the most important criteria behind the selection of suppliers. Critical analysis proved State Pharmaceutical Corporation should focus on net price reduction, improving laboratory testing facilities and effective communication between up and down stream of supply chain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=government%20procurement%20procedure" title="government procurement procedure">government procurement procedure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20procurement%20supplier%20selection%20criteria" title=" pharmaceutical procurement supplier selection criteria"> pharmaceutical procurement supplier selection criteria</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=importance%20of%20SPC%20supplier%20selection%20criteria" title=" importance of SPC supplier selection criteria "> importance of SPC supplier selection criteria </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23053/an-analysis-of-present-supplier-selection-criteria-of-state-pharmaceutical-corporation-spc-sri-lanka-a-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23053.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2335</span> Pharmaceutical Science and Development in Drug Research</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adegoke%20Yinka%20Adebayo">Adegoke Yinka Adebayo </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An understanding of the critical product attributes that impact on in vivo performance is key to the production of safe and effective medicines. Thus, a key driver for our research is the development of new basic science and technology underpinning the development of new pharmaceutical products. Research includes the structure and properties of drugs and excipients, biopharmaceutical characterisation, pharmaceutical processing and technology and formulation and analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20discovery" title="drug discovery">drug discovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20development" title=" drug development"> drug development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20delivery" title=" drug delivery "> drug delivery </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19017/pharmaceutical-science-and-development-in-drug-research" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19017.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">494</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2334</span> Intellectual Capital Reporting: Case Study of Indonesian Corporations</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Surya%20Mulyadi">Martin Surya Mulyadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rosinta%20Ria%20Panggabean"> Rosinta Ria Panggabean</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The terms of intellectual capital emerge as the economic activity shift from the agricultural economy to knowledge economy and it will allow corporations to earn competitive advantage to its competitors. Considering its importance, many researches have a focus on how corporations disclose its intellectual capital. This intellectual capital research mainly focuses on developed country with only several researchers conducted this research in developing the country. While there are several intellectual capital researches in developing country, to authors’ best knowledge, there is no intellectual capital reporting research in Indonesia published internationally. This research will focus on two industries that acknowledge having a high reliance on intellectual capital: finance industry and the pharmaceutical industry. Our research found that Indonesian corporations in these industries are aware of the importance of intellectual capital, and variations of this disclosure exist within the industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Developed%20country" title="Developed country">Developed country</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesia" title=" Indonesia"> Indonesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Intellectual%20Capital" title=" Intellectual Capital"> Intellectual Capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Intellectual%20Capital%20Reporting" title=" Intellectual Capital Reporting"> Intellectual Capital Reporting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33254/intellectual-capital-reporting-case-study-of-indonesian-corporations" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/33254.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">303</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2333</span> Detection of Pharmaceutical Personal Protective Equipment in Video Stream</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michael%20Leontiev">Michael Leontiev</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danil%20Zhilikov"> Danil Zhilikov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dmitry%20Lobanov"> Dmitry Lobanov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lenar%20Klimov"> Lenar Klimov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vyacheslav%20Chertan"> Vyacheslav Chertan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Bobrov"> Daniel Bobrov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladislav%20Maslov"> Vladislav Maslov</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vasilii%20Vologdin"> Vasilii Vologdin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ksenia%20Balabaeva"> Ksenia Balabaeva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pharmaceutical manufacturing is a complex process, where each stage requires a high level of safety and sterility. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is used for this purpose. Despite all the measures of control, the human factor (improper PPE wearing) causes numerous losses to human health and material property. This research proposes a solid computer vision system for ensuring safety in pharmaceutical laboratories. For this, we have tested a wide range of state-of-the-art object detection methods. Composing previously obtained results in this sphere with our own approach to this problem, we have reached a high accuracy (<a href="/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection" class="__cf_email__" data-cfemail="375a766777071902">[email protected]</a>) ranging from 0.77 up to 0.98 in detecting all the elements of a common set of PPE used in pharmaceutical laboratories. Our system is a step towards safe medicine production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sterility%20and%20safety%20in%20pharmaceutical%20development" title="sterility and safety in pharmaceutical development">sterility and safety in pharmaceutical development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20protective%20equipment" title=" personal protective equipment"> personal protective equipment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20vision" title=" computer vision"> computer vision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=object%20detection" title=" object detection"> object detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring%20in%20pharmaceutical%20development" title=" monitoring in pharmaceutical development"> monitoring in pharmaceutical development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PPE" title=" PPE"> PPE</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176685/detection-of-pharmaceutical-personal-protective-equipment-in-video-stream" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176685.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2332</span> Analyzing the Efficiency of Several Gum Extraction Tapping Systems for Wood Apple Trees</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20M.%20K.%20D%20Weerasekara">K. M. K. D Weerasekara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20M.%20K.%20M%20Rathnayake"> R. M. K. M Rathnayake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20U.%20Halwatura"> R. U. Halwatura</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Y.%20Jayasinghe"> G. Y. Jayasinghe</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wood apple (Limonia acidissima L.) trees are native to Sri Lanka and India. Wood apple gum is widely used in the food, coating, and pharmaceutical industries. Wood apple gum was a major component in ancient Sri Lankan coating technology as well. It is also used as a suspending agent in liquid syrups and food ingredients such as sauces, emulsifiers, and stabilizers. Industrial applications include adhesives for labeling and packaging, as well as paint binder. It is also used in the production of paper and cosmetics. Extraction of wood apple gum is an important step in ensuring maximum benefits for various uses. It is apparent that an abundance of untapped potential lies in wood apple gum if people are able to mass produce them. Hence, the current study uses a two-factor factorial design with two major variables and four replications to investigate the best gum-extracting tapping system for Wood apple gum. This study's findings will be useful to Wood apple cultivators, researchers, and gum-based industries alike. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wood%20apple%20gum" title="wood apple gum">wood apple gum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limonia%20acidissima%20l." title=" limonia acidissima l."> limonia acidissima l.</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tapping" title=" tapping"> tapping</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tapping%20cuts" title=" tapping cuts"> tapping cuts</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174725/analyzing-the-efficiency-of-several-gum-extraction-tapping-systems-for-wood-apple-trees" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174725.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2331</span> An Evaluation of Barriers to Implement Reverse Logistics: A Case Study of Indian Fastener Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Garg">D. Garg</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Luthra"> S. Luthra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Haleem"> A. Haleem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reverse logistics (RL) is supposed to be a systematic procedure that helps in improving the environmental hazards and maintain business sustainability for industries. Industries in Indian are now opting for adoption of RL techniques in business. But, RL practices are not popular in Indian industries because of many barriers for its successful implementation. Therefore, need arises to identify and evaluate the barriers to implement RL practices by taking an Indian industries perspective. Literature review approach and case study approach have been adapted to identify relevant barriers to implement RL practices. Further, Fuzzy Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory methodology has been brought into use for evaluating causal relationships among the barriers to implement RL practices. Seven barriers out of ten barriers have been categorized into the cause group and remaining into effect group. This research will help Indian industries to manage these barriers towards effective implementing RL practices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barriers" title="barriers">barriers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision%20making%20trial%20and%20evaluation%20laboratory%20%28DEMATEL%29" title=" decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL)"> decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20set%20theory" title=" fuzzy set theory"> fuzzy set theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indian%20industries" title=" Indian industries"> Indian industries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reverse%20logistics%20%28RL%29" title=" reverse logistics (RL)"> reverse logistics (RL)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52832/an-evaluation-of-barriers-to-implement-reverse-logistics-a-case-study-of-indian-fastener-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52832.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">328</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2330</span> Counterfeit Drugs Prevention in Pharmaceutical Industry with RFID: A Framework Based On Literature Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeeshan%20Hamid">Zeeshan Hamid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asher%20Ramish"> Asher Ramish</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to focus on security and safety issues facing by pharmaceutical industry globally when counterfeit drugs are in question. Hence, there is an intense need to secure and authenticate pharmaceutical products in the emerging counterfeit product market. This paper will elaborate the application of radio frequency identification (RFID) in pharmaceutical industry and to identify its key benefits for patient’s care. The benefits are: help to co-ordinate the stream of supplies, accuracy in chains of supplies, maintaining trustworthy information, to manage the operations in appropriate and timely manners and finally deliver the genuine drug to patient. It is discussed that how RFID supported supply chain information sharing (SCIS) helps to combat against counterfeit drugs. And a solution how to tag pharmaceutical products; since, some products prevent RFID implementation in this industry. In this paper, a proposed model for pharma industry distribution suggested to combat against the counterfeit drugs when they are in supply chain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain" title="supply chain">supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RFID" title=" RFID"> RFID</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20industry" title=" pharmaceutical industry"> pharmaceutical industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=counterfeit%20drugs" title=" counterfeit drugs"> counterfeit drugs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patients%20care" title=" patients care"> patients care</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5370/counterfeit-drugs-prevention-in-pharmaceutical-industry-with-rfid-a-framework-based-on-literature-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5370.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">313</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2329</span> Analysis of the Social Impact of Agro-Allied Industries on the Rural Dwellers in Benue State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Ocholi">Ali Ocholi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study was conducted to analyze the impact of agro-allied industries on rural dwellers in Benue state, Nigeria. Stratified random sampling technique was used to select the respondents for the study. Primary data were collected through the use of structured questionnaires administered on 366 respondents from the selected communities; the data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistics. The result of Mann-Whitney (U) statistics showed that water availability (14350) and good road network (15082.00) were the only social impact derived from the industries by the rural dwellers. The study recommended that right and proper policies and programmes should be put in place by the government to mandate all private and public agro-allied industries to embark on projects that would be in favour of the rural dwellers where the agro-allied industries are situated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture" title="agriculture">agriculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agro-allied%20industry" title=" agro-allied industry"> agro-allied industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rural%20dwellers" title=" rural dwellers"> rural dwellers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benue%20state" title=" Benue state"> Benue state</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43492/analysis-of-the-social-impact-of-agro-allied-industries-on-the-rural-dwellers-in-benue-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43492.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2328</span> A Literature Review on the Role of Local Potential for Creative Industries </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maya%20Irjayanti">Maya Irjayanti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Local creativity utilization has been a strategic investment to be expanded as a creative industry due to its significant contribution to the national gross domestic product. Many developed and developing countries look toward creative industries as an agenda for the economic growth. This study aims to identify the role of local potential for creative industries from various empirical studies. The method performed in this study will involve a peer-reviewed journal articles and conference papers review addressing local potential and creative industries. The literature review analysis will include several steps: material collection, descriptive analysis, category selection, and material evaluation. Finally, the outcome expected provides a creative industries clustering based on the local potential of various nations. In addition, the finding of this study will be used as future research reference to explore a particular area with well-known aspects of local potential for creative industry products. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business" title="business">business</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creativity" title=" creativity"> creativity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20potential" title=" local potential"> local potential</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20wisdom" title=" local wisdom"> local wisdom</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77650/a-literature-review-on-the-role-of-local-potential-for-creative-industries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77650.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">385</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2327</span> Technological Innovations as a Potential Vehicle for Supply Chain Integration on Basic Metal Industries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alie%20Wube%20Dametew">Alie Wube Dametew</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Frank%20Ebinger"> Frank Ebinger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigated the roles of technological innovation on basic metal industries and then developed technological innovation framework for enhancing sustainable competitive advantage in the basic metal industries. The previous research work indicates that technological innovation has critical impact in promoting local industries to improve their performance and achieve sustainable competitive environments. The filed observation, questioner and expert interview result from basic metal industries indicate that the technological capability of local industries to invention, adoption, modification, improving and use a given innovative technology is very poor. As the result, this poor technological innovation was occurred due to improper innovation and technology transfer framework, non-collaborative operating environment between foreign and local industries, very weak national technology policies, problems research and innovation centers, the common miss points on basic metal industry innovation systems were investigated in this study. One of the conclusions of the article is that, through using the developed technological innovation framework in this study, basic metal industries improve innovation process and support an innovative culture for sector capabilities and achieve sustainable competitive advantage. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technological%20innovation" title="technological innovation">technological innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competitive%20advantage" title=" competitive advantage"> competitive advantage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable" title=" sustainable"> sustainable</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basic%20metal%20industry" title=" basic metal industry"> basic metal industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conceptual%20model" title=" conceptual model"> conceptual model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20integration" title=" supply chain integration"> supply chain integration</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74537/technological-innovations-as-a-potential-vehicle-for-supply-chain-integration-on-basic-metal-industries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74537.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2326</span> Pharmaceutical Innovation in Jordan: KAP Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdel%20Qader%20Al%20Bawab">Abdel Qader Al Bawab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohannad%20Odeh"> Mohannad Odeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rami%20Amer"> Rami Amer</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, there has been an increasing interest in innovative business development. Nevertheless, in the pharmacy practice field, there seems to be a gap in perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge about innovation between practicing pharmacists and academia. This study explores this gap and aspects of pharmaceutical innovation in Jordan, comparing pharmacists and last-year pharmacy students. A validated (r2 = 0.74) and reliable (Pearson’s r = 0.88) online questionnaire was designed to assess and compare knowledge, attitude, and perceptions about pharmaceutical innovation. A total of 397 participants (215 pharmacy students and 182 pharmaceutical professionals) responded. Compared with 50% of the pharmacists, only 32.1% of the students claimed that they knew the differences between pharmaceutical innovation, discovery, invention, and entrepreneurship [x2 (2) = 14.238, p = 0.001; Cramer’s V = 0.189]. Pharmacists demonstrated a higher level of trust in the innovative website design for their institution compared with students (25.3% vs. 16.3%, p < 0.001, Cramer’s V = 0.327). However, 60% of the students did not know the innovative design standards for websites, while the corresponding percentage was 37% for the pharmacists (p < 0.001; Cramer’s V = 0.327). The majority of the students were interested in pharmaceutical innovation (81.9%). Unfortunately, 76.3% never studied innovation in their pharmacy curricula. Similarly, most pharmacists (76.4%) considered adopting innovation, but only 30% had a concrete plan. For the field where pharmacists aim to innovate in the next 5 years, new pharmaceutical services were the dominant field (34.6%). Despite a positive attitude and perception, pharmacists and pharmacy students expressed poor knowledge about innovation. Policies to enhance awareness about innovation and professional educational tools should be implemented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmacy" title="pharmacy">pharmacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title=" knowledge"> knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitude" title=" attitude"> attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practice" title=" practice"> practice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158983/pharmaceutical-innovation-in-jordan-kap-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2325</span> The Potential Impact of Big Data Analytics on Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Ziaee">Maryam Ziaee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Himanshu%20Shee"> Himanshu Shee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amrik%20Sohal"> Amrik Sohal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Big Data Analytics (BDA) in supply chain management has recently drawn the attention of academics and practitioners. Big data refers to a massive amount of data from different sources, in different formats, generated at high speed through transactions in business environments and supply chain networks. Traditional statistical tools and techniques find it difficult to analyse this massive data. BDA can assist organisations to capture, store, and analyse data specifically in the field of supply chain. Currently, there is a paucity of research on BDA in the pharmaceutical supply chain context. In this research, the Australian pharmaceutical supply chain was selected as the case study. This industry is highly significant since the right medicine must reach the right patients, at the right time, in right quantity, in good condition, and at the right price to save lives. However, drug shortages remain a substantial problem for hospitals across Australia with implications on patient care, staff resourcing, and expenditure. Furthermore, a massive volume and variety of data is generated at fast speed from multiple sources in pharmaceutical supply chain, which needs to be captured and analysed to benefit operational decisions at every stage of supply chain processes. As the pharmaceutical industry lags behind other industries in using BDA, it raises the question of whether the use of BDA can improve transparency among pharmaceutical supply chain by enabling the partners to make informed-decisions across their operational activities. This presentation explores the impacts of BDA on supply chain management. An exploratory qualitative approach was adopted to analyse data collected through interviews. This study also explores the BDA potential in the whole pharmaceutical supply chain rather than focusing on a single entity. Twenty semi-structured interviews were undertaken with top managers in fifteen organisations (five pharmaceutical manufacturers, five wholesalers/distributors, and five public hospital pharmacies) to investigate their views on the use of BDA. The findings revealed that BDA can enable pharmaceutical entities to have improved visibility over the whole supply chain and also the market; it enables entities, especially manufacturers, to monitor consumption and the demand rate in real-time and make accurate demand forecasts which reduce drug shortages. Timely and precise decision-making can allow the entities to source and manage their stocks more effectively. This can likely address the drug demand at hospitals and respond to unanticipated issues such as drug shortages. Earlier studies explore BDA in the context of clinical healthcare; however, this presentation investigates the benefits of BDA in the Australian pharmaceutical supply chain. Furthermore, this research enhances managers’ insight into the potentials of BDA at every stage of supply chain processes and helps to improve decision-making in their supply chain operations. The findings will turn the rhetoric of data-driven decision into a reality where the managers may opt for analytics for improved decision-making in the supply chain processes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%20data%20analytics" title="big data analytics">big data analytics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data-driven%20decision" title=" data-driven decision"> data-driven decision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20industry" title=" pharmaceutical industry"> pharmaceutical industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supply%20chain%20management" title=" supply chain management"> supply chain management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128979/the-potential-impact-of-big-data-analytics-on-pharmaceutical-supply-chain-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128979.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2324</span> Innovation Policy and Development of Creative Industries: Case Study of Lithuanian Animation Industry</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomas%20Mitkus">Tomas Mitkus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vaida%20Nedzinskait%C4%97-Mitk%C4%97"> Vaida Nedzinskaitė-Mitkė </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to identify and explore how adequate is modern innovation support mechanism to developed creative industries. We argue that current development and support strategy for creative industries, although acknowledge high correlation between innovation and creativity, do not seek to improve conditions to promote systematic innovation development in the creative sector. Using the Lithuanian animation industry as a case study, this paper will examine innovation contribution to creativity and, for that matter, the competitiveness of animation enterprises. This paper proposes insights that contribute to theoretical and practical discussions on how creative profile companies build national and international competitiveness through innovations. The conclusions suggest that development of creative industries could greatly benefit if policymakers would implement tools that would encourage creative profile enterprises to invest in to development of innovation at a constant rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creative%20industries" title="creative industries">creative industries</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation%20policy" title=" innovation policy"> innovation policy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68904/innovation-policy-and-development-of-creative-industries-case-study-of-lithuanian-animation-industry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68904.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2323</span> Assessment of Implementation of the Health and Safety Contents of the Nigerian Factories Act by Small and Medium Scale Industries in Anambra State, Nigeria </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vivian%20Uchechi%20Okpala">Vivian Uchechi Okpala</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Millions of workers die every year as a result of occupational hazards, accidents and injuries, which are as a result of non- compliance to the laws or legislations guiding the health, safety and welfare of workers in the industries. This and many more lead to the assessment of implementation of the health and safety contents of the Nigerian Factories Act (NFA) by small and medium scale industries in Anambra State. Objectives: The study is aimed at achieving the following specific objectives; to assess the extent of implementation of Part-II Health and Part -III Safety (General Provisions), implementation of Part II Health and Part -III Safety (General Provisions Nigerian Factories Acts based on the age of the industries, locations of the industries and level of education of the workers of the small and medium scale industries Methods: the research design that was used for this study was descriptive survey research design, Area of this study was Anambra state, The population for this study comprised 180 chairmen/presidents of union workers of manufacturing industries in Anambra State, The instrument used for this study was structured questionnaire titled ‘assessment of implementation of NFA health and safety contents by small and medium scale industries, results: From the analysis, the following findings were made: Results: The medium scale industries implemented the Part-II Health and Part III Safety (General provisions) better than the small scale industries in Anambra state, the age of the industries, location of the industries and the level of education of the workers in the industries significantly influenced the implementation of the Part III Safety (General Provisions) of NFA, the location of the industries significantly influenced the implementation of the Part II-Health (General Provisions) of NFA. Conclusion: there was generally a certain level of implementation of the factories Act, there is need for more improvement, strict inspection by the regulatory agencies. Implications of the study were highlighted and several suggestions for further studies were made. Based on the findings, several recommendations were made including that the Ministry of Labour and Productivity and the Ministry of Health should strengthen planned information, strict policies to sanction the offenders. Keywords: Occupational Health and Safety, Nigerian Factories Act <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=occupational%20health%20and%20safety" title="occupational health and safety">occupational health and safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigerian%20factories%20act" title=" Nigerian factories act"> Nigerian factories act</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=workers" title=" workers"> workers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=welfare" title=" welfare "> welfare </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128417/assessment-of-implementation-of-the-health-and-safety-contents-of-the-nigerian-factories-act-by-small-and-medium-scale-industries-in-anambra-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128417.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2322</span> The Influence of Gender on Job-Competencies Requirements of Chemical-Based Industries and Undergraduate-Competencies Acquisition of Chemists in South West, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rachael%20Olatoun%20Okunuga">Rachael Olatoun Okunuga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Developing young people’s employability is a key policy issue for ensuring their successful transition to the labour market and their access to career oriented employment. The youths of today irrespective of their gender need to acquire the knowledge, skills and attitudes that will enable them to create or find jobs as well as cope with unpredictable labour market changes throughout their working lives. In a study carried out to determine the influence of gender on job-competencies requirements of chemical-based industries and undergraduate-competencies acquisition by chemists working in the industries, all chemistry graduates working in twenty (20) chemical-based industries that were randomly selected from six sectors of chemical-based industries in Lagos and Ogun States of Nigeria were administered with Job-competencies required and undergraduate-competencies acquired assessment questionnaire. The data were analysed using means and independent sample t-test. The findings revealed that the population of female chemists working in chemical-based industries is low compared with the number of male chemists; furthermore, job-competencies requirements are found not to be gender sensitive while there is no significant difference in undergraduate-competencies acquisition of male and female chemists. This suggests that females should be given the same opportunity of employment in chemical-based industries as their male counterparts. The study also revealed the level of acquisition of undergraduate competencies as related to the needs of chemical-based industries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title="knowledge">knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skill" title=" skill"> skill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitude" title=" attitude"> attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acquired" title=" acquired"> acquired</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=required" title=" required"> required</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employability" title=" employability"> employability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21145/the-influence-of-gender-on-job-competencies-requirements-of-chemical-based-industries-and-undergraduate-competencies-acquisition-of-chemists-in-south-west-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21145.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">379</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2321</span> Legal Regulation and Critical Analysis for an Effectively Treatment of Pharmaceutical Waste </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Merita%20Dauti">Merita Dauti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Edita%20Alili-Idrizi"> Edita Alili-Idrizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sihana%20Ahmeti%20%E2%80%93Lika"> Sihana Ahmeti –Lika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ledjan%20Malaj"> Ledjan Malaj </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The extermination and proper disposal of pharmaceutical wastes from expired and unused medications remains a disputable issue due to their specific nature and characteristics. Even though the hazards from these wastes are already well known in terms of environment and human health, people still treat them as usual wastes. At a national level, in many countries the management of pharmaceutical and medical wastes has been one of the main objectives in order to protect people’s health and the environment. Even though many legal regulations exist in this respect, there has not been a single law that would clearly explain the procedures of returning medicines, ways of selection, treatment and extermination of pharmaceutical wastes. This paper aims at analyzing the practices of pharmaceutical waste management and treatment in some European countries as well as a review of the legislation and official guidelines in managing these kinds of wastes and protecting the environment and human health. A suitable treatment and management of expired medications and other similar wastes would be in the interest of public health in the first place, as well as in the interest of healthcare institutions and other bodies engaged in environment protection. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20waste" title="pharmaceutical waste">pharmaceutical waste</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=legal%20regulation" title=" legal regulation"> legal regulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=proper%20disposal" title=" proper disposal"> proper disposal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment%20pollution" title=" environment pollution"> environment pollution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10453/legal-regulation-and-critical-analysis-for-an-effectively-treatment-of-pharmaceutical-waste" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/10453.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2320</span> Transformation Strategies of the Nigerian Textile and Clothing Industries: The Integration of China Clothing Sector Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adetoun%20Adedotun%20Amubode">Adetoun Adedotun Amubode</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nigeria's Textile Industry was the second largest in Africa after Egypt, with above 250 vibrant factories and over 50 percent capacity utilization contributing to foreign exchange earnings and employment generation. Currently, multifaceted challenges such as epileptic power supply, inconsistent government policies, growing digitalization, smuggling of foreign textiles, insecurity and the inability of the local industries to compete with foreign products, especially Chinese textile, has created a hostile environment for the sector. This led to the closure of most of the textile industries. China's textile industry has experienced institutional change and industrial restructuring, having 30% of the world's market share. This paper examined the strategies adopted by China in transforming her textile and clothing industries and designed a model for the integration of these strategies to improve the competitive strength and growth of the Nigerian textile and clothing industries in a dynamic and changing market. The paper concludes that institutional support, regional production, export-oriented policy, value-added and branding cultivation, technological upgrading and enterprise resource planning be integrated into the Nigerian clothing and textile industries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clothing" title="clothing">clothing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industry" title=" industry"> industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integration" title=" integration"> integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigerian" title=" Nigerian"> Nigerian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textile" title=" textile"> textile</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transformation." title=" transformation."> transformation.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165012/transformation-strategies-of-the-nigerian-textile-and-clothing-industries-the-integration-of-china-clothing-sector-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165012.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2319</span> Customers' Prescription of Foreign versus Local Brands in the Pharmaceutical Industry of Peshawar, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saira%20Tajdar">Saira Tajdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajad%20Ahmad"> Sajad Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The pharmaceutical market of Pakistan showed a mixed trend since 1947. In these six decades various local and foreign pharmaceutical companies entered the market with their highly researched based formulas and brands for various diseases. It also created a very competitive market between local and foreign companies and brands. But this intense competition does not clear the picture that whether the customers (Doctors) are preferring/prescribing foreign or local brands more frequently. Previous research has been done in various markets for different brands that whether the customers in that industry prefer foreign or local brands. However, the pharmaceutical industry in this regard has been ignored by the researchers. Generally people don't know that for prescription brands of medicines what the preferences of customers (Doctors) are. Therefore, this study is conducted in two departments of Pharmaceutical industry by selecting the top recommended formulas in those departments that for those formulas whether the customers (Doctors) are prescribing either foreign brands or local brands. Secondary data has been collected from previous studies on the country of origin (COO), ethnocentrism and factors influencing brands preferences from authentic sources. Primary data was also collected through 100 self administered questionnaires from top five hospitals of Peshawar. The results of the study were analyzed through SPSS which shows that in some categories of pharmaceutical products the COO is very important but not for all. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=customer%20prescription" title="customer prescription">customer prescription</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=country%20of%20origin" title=" country of origin"> country of origin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empirical%20study" title=" empirical study"> empirical study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=foreign%20versus%20local%20brands" title=" foreign versus local brands"> foreign versus local brands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20industry" title=" pharmaceutical industry"> pharmaceutical industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21995/customers-prescription-of-foreign-versus-local-brands-in-the-pharmaceutical-industry-of-peshawar-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21995.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20industries&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pharmaceutical%20industries&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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