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<span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Another indicator of Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Another_indicator_of_Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Another indicator of Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Another_indicator_of_Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Debate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Debate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Debate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Debate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-As_a_Javanese_dialect" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_a_Javanese_dialect"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1.1</span> <span>As a Javanese dialect</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_a_Javanese_dialect-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-As_an_independent_language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_an_independent_language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1.2</span> <span>As an independent language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_an_independent_language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vocabulary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vocabulary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2</span> <span>Vocabulary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vocabulary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Vernacular_Cirebonese" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vernacular_Cirebonese"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.2.1</span> <span>Vernacular Cirebonese</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vernacular_Cirebonese-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cirebonese_dialects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cirebonese_dialects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Cirebonese dialects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cirebonese_dialects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Jawareh_dialect" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jawareh_dialect"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>Jawareh dialect</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jawareh_dialect-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dermayon_dialect" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dermayon_dialect"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.2</span> <span>Dermayon dialect</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dermayon_dialect-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Plered_dialect" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plered_dialect"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.3</span> <span>Plered dialect</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plered_dialect-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gegesik_dialect" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gegesik_dialect"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.4</span> <span>Gegesik dialect</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gegesik_dialect-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Comparison_of_dialects" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Comparison_of_dialects"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.5</span> <span>Comparison of dialects</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Comparison_of_dialects-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Family_system" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Family_system"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Family system</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Family_system-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Customs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Customs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Customs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Customs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Royal_Wedding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Royal_Wedding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1</span> <span>Royal Wedding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Royal_Wedding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Marriage_proposal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Marriage_proposal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.1</span> <span>Marriage proposal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Marriage_proposal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Dowry" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dowry"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.2</span> <span>Dowry</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dowry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Washing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Washing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.3</span> <span>Washing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Washing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Titivate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Titivate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.4</span> <span>Titivate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Titivate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Visiting_graves" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Visiting_graves"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.5</span> <span>Visiting graves</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Visiting_graves-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fetching_the_bride" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fetching_the_bride"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.6</span> <span>Fetching the bride</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fetching_the_bride-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Meeting_the_bride" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Meeting_the_bride"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.7</span> <span>Meeting the bride</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Meeting_the_bride-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spreading_of_money" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spreading_of_money"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.8</span> <span>Spreading of money</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spreading_of_money-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sprinkling_of_Pugpugan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sprinkling_of_Pugpugan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.9</span> <span>Sprinkling of Pugpugan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sprinkling_of_Pugpugan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Partaking_of_yellow_sticky_rice" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Partaking_of_yellow_sticky_rice"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.10</span> <span>Partaking of yellow sticky rice</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Partaking_of_yellow_sticky_rice-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parental_blessings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parental_blessings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.11</span> <span>Parental blessings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parental_blessings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Closing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-4"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Closing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4.1.12</span> <span>Closing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Closing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Art" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Art</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relation_to_Javanese_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relation_to_Javanese_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Relation to Javanese culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relation_to_Javanese_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Relation_to_Sundanese_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Relation_to_Sundanese_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Relation to Sundanese culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Relation_to_Sundanese_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cirebonese people</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblo_cirebon%C3%A9s" title="Pueblo cirebonés – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pueblo cirebonés" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku_Cirebon" title="Suku Cirebon – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Suku Cirebon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiyang_Cirebon" title="Tiyang Cirebon – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tiyang Cirebon" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%86" title="شيريبونيون – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شيريبونيون" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Cirebon" title="Orang Cirebon – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Orang Cirebon" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urang_Cirebon" title="Urang Cirebon – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Urang Cirebon" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A7%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96" title="Чиребонці – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Чиребонці" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2608045#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_language&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Cirebonese language">Cirebonese language</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group in Indonesia</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Cirebonese</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above nickname" style="font-size:115%; font-weight:normal;"><div><span style="font-size:85%;"><span title="Javanese-language text"><span lang="jv">꧋ꦮꦺꦴꦁꦕꦶꦫꦺꦧꦺꦴꦤ꧀</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a>)</span><br /><span title="Sundanese-language text"><span lang="su">ᮅᮛᮀ ᮎᮤᮛᮨᮘᮧᮔ᮪</span></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a>)</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Penari_Wayang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Penari_Wayang.jpg/300px-Penari_Wayang.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Penari_Wayang.jpg/450px-Penari_Wayang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Penari_Wayang.jpg/600px-Penari_Wayang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">A <a href="/wiki/Cirebonese_mask_dance" title="Cirebonese mask dance">Cirebonese mask dancer</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><b>1,877,514</b> (2010 census)<sup id="cite_ref-BPS_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BPS-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> (<a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><b>Native</b>:</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Cirebonese_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Cirebonese language">Cirebonese languages</a></b></li> <li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Standard Cirebon</li><li>Jawareh Cirebon</li><li>Gegesik Cirebon</li><li>Dermayon Cirebon</li><li>Plered Cirebon</li><li>Bagongan Cirebon</li></ul></div></li> <li><b>Also</b>:</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a></li></ul></div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni Islam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Related ethnic groups</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bantenese_people" title="Bantenese people">Bantenese</a></li></ul></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Cirebon</b> or <b>Cirebonese</b> (<i>Wong Cirebon</i>; <i>Urang Cirebon</i>) are an indigenous <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic group">ethnic group</a> native to <a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cirebon</a> in the northeastern region of <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a> Province of <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a>. With a population of approximately 2 million, the Cirebonese population are mainly adherents of <a href="/wiki/Sunni" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunni">Sunni</a> Islam. Their native language is <a href="#Language">Cirebonese</a>, which combines elements of both <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a>, but with a heavier influence from Javanese.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="A_recognized_ethnic_group">A recognized ethnic group</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: A recognized ethnic group"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Javaanse_dans_op_een_erf_te_Cheribon_TMnr_10004631.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Javaanse_dans_op_een_erf_te_Cheribon_TMnr_10004631.jpg/220px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Javaanse_dans_op_een_erf_te_Cheribon_TMnr_10004631.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Javaanse_dans_op_een_erf_te_Cheribon_TMnr_10004631.jpg/330px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Javaanse_dans_op_een_erf_te_Cheribon_TMnr_10004631.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Javaanse_dans_op_een_erf_te_Cheribon_TMnr_10004631.jpg/440px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Javaanse_dans_op_een_erf_te_Cheribon_TMnr_10004631.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="676" /></a><figcaption>Javanese dance in a backyard in <a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cirebon</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Initially, Cirebonese ethnicity was closely associated with that of the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese people</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese</a>. However, its presence later led to the formation of its own culture, ranging from a variety of coastal <a href="/wiki/Batik" title="Batik">batik</a> that does not follow the standards of the Javanese palace style commonly known as interior <a href="/wiki/Batik" title="Batik">batik</a>, until the emergence of traditional Islamic patterns that came about following the construction of the Cirebon palace in the 15th century, which was fully based on Islam. The existence of the Cirebonese ethnic group that does not consider themselves as <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese people</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese</a> was finally answered in the 2010 population census whereby a column that specifically mentions Cirebonese was made available. This meant that the existence of the Cirebonese ethnic group has been recognized nationally as a separate tribe, according to Erna Tresna Prihatin:- </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The indicators (Cirebonese tribe) seen from the local language used by the Cirebonese is not the same as with the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese people</a>. The Cirebonese community also has a distinct identity that makes them feel as they are their own ethnicity. Other indicators that characterizes a person as a Cirebonese is the name, which is unlike of those <a href="/wiki/Javanese_name" title="Javanese name">Javanese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese people</a>. However, there have been no further research that could explain the characteristics identity of the Cirebonese. In order to search for a person's ethnicity, it can be done through the biological patrilineal lineage. In addition, if a person identifies him or herself with the area (<a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cirebon</a>) in soul and in spirit, then he or she is entitled to feel as part of the tribe in question.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Another_indicator_of_Culture">Another indicator of Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Another indicator of Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wayang_Cepak_Maker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Wayang_Cepak_Maker.jpg/220px-Wayang_Cepak_Maker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Wayang_Cepak_Maker.jpg/330px-Wayang_Cepak_Maker.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Wayang_Cepak_Maker.jpg/440px-Wayang_Cepak_Maker.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wayang" title="Wayang">Wayang</a> cepak, a traditional Cirebonese puppet made from wood</figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Burok.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Burok.jpg/170px-Burok.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Burok.jpg/255px-Burok.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Burok.jpg/340px-Burok.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><i>Burokan</i>, a traditional performing arts in <a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cirebon</a></figcaption></figure><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Batik_Trusmi_Cirebon_(20).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Batik_Trusmi_Cirebon_%2820%29.jpg/170px-Batik_Trusmi_Cirebon_%2820%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Batik_Trusmi_Cirebon_%2820%29.jpg/255px-Batik_Trusmi_Cirebon_%2820%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Batik_Trusmi_Cirebon_%2820%29.jpg/340px-Batik_Trusmi_Cirebon_%2820%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="5472" /></a><figcaption>A Cirebonese <a href="/wiki/Batik" title="Batik">batik</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language">Language</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%22%2Barya%2B%22_musola_al_barokah_klangenan_cirebon_2021.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/%22%2Barya%2B%22_musola_al_barokah_klangenan_cirebon_2021.jpg/220px-%22%2Barya%2B%22_musola_al_barokah_klangenan_cirebon_2021.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/%22%2Barya%2B%22_musola_al_barokah_klangenan_cirebon_2021.jpg/330px-%22%2Barya%2B%22_musola_al_barokah_klangenan_cirebon_2021.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/%22%2Barya%2B%22_musola_al_barokah_klangenan_cirebon_2021.jpg/440px-%22%2Barya%2B%22_musola_al_barokah_klangenan_cirebon_2021.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="1836" /></a><figcaption>Cirebon script in a mosque</figcaption></figure> <p>In the past, Cirebonese was used in coastal trade in <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a> from <a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cirebon</a> which was one of the major ports, particularly in the 15th century until the 17th century. The language is influenced by <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Sundanese culture">Sundanese culture</a> since the Cirebonese are located adjacent to the Sundanese cultural region; especially <a href="/wiki/Kuningan" title="Kuningan">Kuningan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Majalengka" title="Majalengka">Majalengka</a>, and also influenced by <a href="/wiki/Chinese_culture" title="Chinese culture">Chinese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arab_culture" title="Arab culture">Arab</a> and <a href="/wiki/European_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="European culture">European culture</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is evident in words such as "<i>Taocang</i>" (pigtail) which is a loanword from <a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese language</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hokkien_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Hokkien language">Hokkien language</a>), the word "<i>Bakda</i>" (after) which is from <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic language</a>, and then the word "<i>Sonder</i>" (without) which is the absorption of European languages (<a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch language</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-KBC_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KBC-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Cirebonese language also maintains ancient forms of the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a> such as phrases and pronunciation, for example, "<i>Ingsun</i>" (I) and "<i>Sira</i>" (you) are words that are no longer used by the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Baku Javanese language</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Debate">Debate</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Debate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The question about Cirebonese as an independent language from the <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a> has been a fairly long debate, and has involved political government, cultural and linguistic factors. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="As_a_Javanese_dialect">As a Javanese dialect</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: As a Javanese dialect"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Studies made by using questionnaires as a benchmark to indicate vocabulary and basic culture (eating, drinking, and so on) based on Guiter's method showed differences in Cirebonese vocabulary with <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a> in <a href="/wiki/Central_Java" title="Central Java">Central Java</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> was up to 75 percent, while differences with the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a> dialect in <a href="/wiki/East_Java" title="East Java">East Java</a> was up to 76 percent.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although linguistic research to date suggests that Cirebonese is "only" a dialect (for according to Guiter's observation, it is said that to be a separate language it must have as much as 80% differences from its closest language), to date the 5th Regional Regulation of <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a> Provincial, 2003 still recognizes Cirebonese as a language of its own and not as a dialect. According to the Head of Language Bandung, Muh. Abdul Khak, it is legitimate because the regulation is based on political assessment. In the world of language according to him, a language can be recognized based on three things. First, based on the recognition by its speakers, second based on the political, and the third based on linguistics. Language is based on politics, other examples can be seen in the history of <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">the Indonesian language</a>. <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian language</a> which stems from the <a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay language</a>, should be named the Indonesian dialect of the <a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay language</a>. However, based on political interests, eventually, the development of the <a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay language</a> in the country of <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a> by the Indonesian government was claimed and named as <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian language</a>. In addition to political reasons, the recognition of Cirebonese as a language can also be viewed from within its geographical borders. Abdul Khak mentioned that Cirebonese is regarded as a dialect if viewed nationally with the involvement of <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">the Javanese language</a>. This means, that when regulations were first made only within the area of <a href="/wiki/West_Java" title="West Java">West Java</a>, Cirebonese was not regarded as significant in comparison to the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a>. What's more if compared with <a href="/wiki/Betawi_Malay" class="mw-redirect" title="Betawi Malay">Betawi Malay</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a>, Cirebonese is indeed different.<sup id="cite_ref-APS_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-APS-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="As_an_independent_language">As an independent language</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: As an independent language"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the revised legislation it has allowed various linguistic arguments. However, a greater interest of which is considered from the political standpoint are the Cirebonese speakers, who do not want to be regarded as <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> or <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese people</a>. Chairman of the Institute of Cirebonese Language and Literature, Nurdin M. Noer said that Cirebonese is a mixture of <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a>. Although in conversations, Cirebonese people can still understand some of the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a>, he said Cirebonese vocabulary continues to develop and does not only "depend" on the vocabulary of the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a> nor the <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese language</a>. He mentioned: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In addition, there are many dialects of the Cirebonese language. For instance the Plered, Jaware, and Dermayon dialect.</p></blockquote> <p>If revisions were to be made to the regulations mentioned, there would most likely be a protest from the speakers of the Cirebonese community. Linguistic expert, Chaedar Al Wasilah assessed that with the native speakers being more vocal, changes to the recognition should not be done. Therefore, what is needed is to protect the Cirebonese language from extinction.<sup id="cite_ref-APS_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-APS-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Vocabulary">Vocabulary</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Vocabulary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most of the original vocabularies of this language have nothing in common with the standard <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a> (<a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Surakarta</a>-<a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> region) neither morphology nor phonetics. Indeed, the Cirebonese language used in <a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cirebon</a> and with those in <a href="/wiki/Indramayu" title="Indramayu">Indramayu</a>, although are part of the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a>; have huge differences with the "standard <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a>", which is the language taught in schools that held to the <a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Solo</a> <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a>. Thus, before the 1970s, textbooks from <a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Solo</a> could no longer be used because it was too difficult for students (and perhaps also, the teacher). Therefore, in the 1970s, textbooks were replaced with <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese</a> textbooks. However, it turns out that the idea was a misconception (of the Cirebonese language) until movement emerged to replace the textbook in the language used in the region, namely the Cirebonese dialect of the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, publishers that supported regional language to be taught in schools did not include the word "<a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a> of the Cirebonese dialect" again in the following year, but instead used the term "Cirebonese language". It has also been done on published books by supporters of Cirebonese as a teaching subject in 2001 and 2002. "Cirebonese Language Dictionary" written by Sudjana did not put the words "<a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a> of Cirebonese dialect" but only "Cirebonese Language Dictionary". So it was with the publishing of "Wyakarana - Cirebonese Grammar" in 2002 that no longer shows the existence of Cirebonese as part of the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a>, but instead as an independent language itself. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Vernacular_Cirebonese">Vernacular Cirebonese</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Vernacular Cirebonese"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Following is a comparison between Cirebonese with other languages that are considered cognate, such as <a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a> <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bantenese_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Bantenese language">Bantenese</a>), <a href="/wiki/Tegal_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tegal (city)">Tegal</a> and Pemalangan dialects of the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Standard Javanese</a> (<a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Surakarta</a>-<a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> dialect) of the Bagongan (<a href="/wiki/Vernacular" title="Vernacular">vernacular</a>) style. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Cirebonese & Dermayon<sup id="cite_ref-TBC_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TBC-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>North <a href="/wiki/Banten" title="Banten">Banten</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Banyumasan_dialect" title="Banyumasan dialect">Banyumasan</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Tegal_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tegal (city)">Tegal</a>-<a href="/wiki/Brebes,_Brebes" title="Brebes, Brebes">Brebes</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Pemalang_Regency" title="Pemalang Regency">Pemalang</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Surakarta</a>-<a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Surabaya" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a>-<a href="/wiki/Malang" title="Malang">Malang</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a> </th> <th>English </th></tr> <tr> <td>kita / reang / isun </td> <td>kyta </td> <td>inyong / nyong </td> <td>inyong / nyong </td> <td>nyong </td> <td>aku </td> <td>aku </td> <td>aku / saya </td> <td>I </td></tr> <tr> <td>ira </td> <td>sire </td> <td>ryka </td> <td>koen </td> <td>koe </td> <td>kowe </td> <td>koen / kon / awakmu </td> <td>kamu / anda </td> <td>you </td></tr> <tr> <td>pysan </td> <td>pisan </td> <td>banget </td> <td>nemen / temen </td> <td>nemen / temen / teo </td> <td>tenan </td> <td>men </td> <td>sangat </td> <td>very / truly </td></tr> <tr> <td>kepryben / keprywe </td> <td>keprimen </td> <td>keprywe </td> <td>kepriben / priben / pribe </td> <td>keprimen / kepriben / primen / prime / priben / pribe </td> <td>piye / kepriye </td> <td>yaopo </td> <td>bagaimana </td> <td>how </td></tr> <tr> <td>ora / beli </td> <td>ore </td> <td>ora </td> <td>ora / belih </td> <td>ora </td> <td>ora </td> <td>gak </td> <td>tidak </td> <td>no </td></tr> <tr> <td>rabi </td> <td>rabi </td> <td>kawyn </td> <td>kawin </td> <td>kawin </td> <td>kawin </td> <td>kawin </td> <td>kawin / nikah </td> <td>married </td></tr> <tr> <td>manjyng </td> <td>manjing </td> <td>mlebu </td> <td>manjing / mlebu </td> <td>manjing / mlebu </td> <td>mlebu </td> <td>mlebu </td> <td>masuk </td> <td>enter </td></tr> <tr> <td>arep / pan </td> <td>arep </td> <td>arep </td> <td>pan </td> <td>pan / pen / ape / pak </td> <td>arep </td> <td>katene </td> <td>akan </td> <td>will </td></tr> <tr> <td>syng </td> <td>sake </td> <td>sekang </td> <td>sing </td> <td>kadi / kading </td> <td>seko </td> <td>teko </td> <td>dari </td> <td>from </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cirebonese_dialects">Cirebonese dialects</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Cirebonese dialects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Mr. Nurdin M. Noer, chairman of the Institute of Cirebonese Language and Literature, there are at least a few Cirebonese dialects, some of which are Cirebonese Dermayon dialect or also known as Indramayuan dialect, Cirebonese Jawareh dialect (Sawareh Javanese) or Javanese Separuh dialect, Cirebonese Plered dialect and Gegesik dialect (northern region of West Cirebon; today it is divided into Kedawung and Tengah Tani districts). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Jawareh_dialect">Jawareh dialect</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Jawareh dialect"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Jawareh dialect also referred to as Sawareh (meaning "partial", or literally "half") Javanese is a dialect of the Cirebonese language that is used around the borders of <a href="/wiki/Cirebon_Regency" title="Cirebon Regency">Cirebon Regency</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brebes_Regency" title="Brebes Regency">Brebes Regency</a>, or the borders of <a href="/wiki/Majalengka_Regency" title="Majalengka Regency">Majalengka Regency</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kuningan_Regency" title="Kuningan Regency">Kuningan Regency</a>. The Jawareh dialect is a combination of part <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a> and part <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese language</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-JJKC_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JJKC-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Dermayon_dialect">Dermayon dialect</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Dermayon dialect"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cirebonese Dermayon dialect is widely used in the area of <a href="/wiki/Indramayu_Regency" title="Indramayu Regency">Indramayu Regency</a>, according to the Guiter's method, the Dermayon dialect have about 30% differences with the Cirebonese language itself. The main characteristic of Dermayon dialect speakers is to use the word "<i>Reang</i>" as a term for the word "I" instead of using the word "<i>Isun</i>" as those used by Cirebonese language speakers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Plered_dialect">Plered dialect</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Plered dialect"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Cirebonese Plered dialect that is used in the west side of <a href="/wiki/Cirebon_Regency" title="Cirebon Regency">Cirebon Regency</a>, is known its strong use of "O" characteristic. For example, in standard Cirebonese language the word "<i>Sira</i>" in western <a href="/wiki/Cirebon_Regency" title="Cirebon Regency">Cirebon Regency</a> dialect is translated as "<i>Siro</i>", which means "You". The word "<i>Apa</i>" in Cirebonese language becomes "<i>Apo</i>" (means, "What") in western Cirebonese dialect, likewise the word "<i>Jendela</i>" becomes "<i>Jendelo</i>" (means, "Window"). For instance, "<i>anak saya masuk teka</i>" will be translated as "<i>anak kita manjing ning teko</i>". Besides that Cirebonese Plered dialect has its own unique accent such as the usage of additional words like "<i>jeh</i>" or "<i>tah</i>" in any conversation. Dialect speakers who occupies the western region of <a href="/wiki/Cirebon_Regency" title="Cirebon Regency">Cirebon Regency</a> tend to express themselves with the title "<i>Wong Cirebon</i>", which is very much different from the standard Cirebonese language (Sira) used by the residents of <a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cirebon</a> city to refer to themselves as "<i>Tiyang Grage</i>"; although both "<i>Wong Cirebon</i>" and "<i>Tiyang Grage</i>" have the same meaning that is "Cirebonese".<sup id="cite_ref-JJKC_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JJKC-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Gegesik_dialect">Gegesik dialect</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Gegesik dialect"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gegesik is a dialect that is spoken in the northern region of West Cirebon and around Gegesik district, the Cirebonese Gegesik dialect is often used as the intermediary language in <a href="/wiki/Wayang" title="Wayang">Pewayangan</a> from <a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cirebon</a> by the Dalang (puppet master) himself and there is a possibility that this is a finer dialect compared to the dialect of the "<i>Wong Cirebon</i>" itself.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Comparison_of_dialects">Comparison of dialects</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Comparison of dialects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Standard Cirebonese </th> <th>Indramayu dialect </th> <th>Plered dialect </th> <th>Ciwaringin dialect </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a> </th> <th>English </th></tr> <tr> <td>Ana (<i>vernacular</i>) </td> <td>Ana </td> <td>Ano </td> <td>Ana </td> <td>Ada </td> <td>There is </td></tr> <tr> <td>Apa (<i>vernacular</i>) </td> <td>Apa </td> <td>Apo </td> <td>Apa </td> <td>Apa </td> <td>What </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bapak (<i>vernacular</i>) </td> <td>Bapak </td> <td>Mama' / Bapa </td> <td>Bapa / Mama </td> <td>Bapak </td> <td>Father </td></tr> <tr> <td>Beli (<i>vernacular</i>) </td> <td>Ora </td> <td>Beli </td> <td>Beli / Ora </td> <td>Tidak </td> <td>No </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dulung (<i>vernacular</i>) </td> <td>Dulang </td> <td>Dulang </td> <td>Muluk </td> <td>Suap (Makan) </td> <td>Feed (To eat) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Elok (<i>vernacular</i>) </td> <td>Sokat </td> <td>Lok </td> <td>Sok </td> <td>Pernah </td> <td>Ever / Did before </td></tr> <tr> <td>Isun (<i>vernacular</i>) </td> <td>Reang </td> <td>Isun </td> <td>Isun / Kita </td> <td>Saya </td> <td>I </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kula (<i>loosed</i>) </td> <td>Kula </td> <td>Kulo </td> <td>Kula </td> <td>Saya </td> <td>I </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lagi apa? (<i>vernacular</i>) </td> <td>Lagi apa? </td> <td>Lagi apo? </td> <td>Lagi apa? </td> <td>Sedang apa? </td> <td>What's up? / What are you up to? </td></tr> <tr> <td>Laka (<i>vernacular</i>) </td> <td>Laka </td> <td>Lako / Langko </td> <td>Laka </td> <td>Tidak ada </td> <td>Don't have </td></tr> <tr> <td>Paman (<i>vernacular</i>) </td> <td>Paman </td> <td>Paman </td> <td>Mang </td> <td>Paman </td> <td>Uncle </td></tr> <tr> <td>Salah (<i>vernacular</i>) </td> <td>Salah </td> <td>Salo </td> <td>Salah </td> <td>Salah </td> <td>Wrong </td></tr> <tr> <td>Sewang (<i>vernacular</i>) </td> <td>Sewong </td> <td>Sawong </td> <td>- </td> <td>Seorang (Masing-masing) </td> <td>Alone (Each one) </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Family_system">Family system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Family system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Below are the terms used by Cirebonese people to address family members: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Cibrebonese dialects </th> <th>Father </th> <th>Mother </th> <th>Son </th> <th>Elder brother </th> <th>Younger brother </th> <th>Daughter </th> <th>Elder sister </th> <th>Younger sister </th> <th>Grandfather </th> <th>Grandmother </th> <th>Uncle / aunty </th> <th>Greatgrand parents </th></tr> <tr> <td>Lor sub-dialect of Plered dialect </td> <td>Mama / Mamo </td> <td>Mimi </td> <td>Lanang </td> <td>Aang / Kakang lanang </td> <td>Kacung / Adi lanang </td> <td>Wadon </td> <td>Yayu / Kakang wadon </td> <td>Nok / Adi wadon </td> <td>Mama tuwa / Bapa tuwa / Bapo tuwo </td> <td>Mimi tuwa / Mbok tuwa / Mbok tuwo </td> <td>Uwa </td> <td>Buyut </td></tr> <tr> <td>Kidul sub-dialect of Pleret dialect (Plumbon district) </td> <td>Mama / Mamo </td> <td>Mimi </td> <td>Lanang </td> <td>Aang / Kakang lanang </td> <td>Kacung / Adi lanang </td> <td>Wadon </td> <td>Yayu / Kakang wadon </td> <td>Nok / Ado wadon </td> <td>Mama gede / Mamo gede / Made </td> <td>Mimi gede / Mide </td> <td>Uwo / Uwa </td> <td>Buyut </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dermayu dialect </td> <td>Bapa </td> <td>Mak </td> <td>Senang / Enang </td> <td>Akang </td> <td>Adi </td> <td>Nok </td> <td>Yayu </td> <td>Nok </td> <td>Bapa tuwa </td> <td>Mak tuwa </td> <td>Wa / Uwa </td> <td>Yut / Uyut </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cirebonese (loosed) </td> <td>Rama </td> <td>Mimi </td> <td>Kacung </td> <td>Kakang / Raka ("Raka" is adopted from <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a>) </td> <td>Rayi </td> <td>Nok </td> <td>Yayu </td> <td>Yayi </td> <td>Ki </td> <td>Nini </td> <td>Wa / Uwa </td> <td>Yut / Uyut </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bagongan Cirebonese (<a href="/wiki/Vernacular" title="Vernacular">Vernacular</a>) </td> <td>Mama </td> <td>Mimi </td> <td>Kacung </td> <td>Aang </td> <td>Ari </td> <td>Nok </td> <td>Yayu </td> <td>Nok </td> <td>Aki </td> <td>Nini </td> <td>Wa / Uwa </td> <td>Yut / Uyut </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Customs">Customs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Customs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Royal_Wedding">Royal Wedding</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Royal Wedding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Royal Wedding custom of the Cirebonese community is called <i>Pelakrama Ageng</i> in Cirebonese language. The customs of marriage attempts to elevate local traditions with the emphasis on Islam as the center of the ceremony. The customs of Cirebonese wedding has its own local moral values in the context of the simplicity in the Cirebonese community way of carrying out large celebrations. Such example is in the Cirebonese dowry customs which only requires tubers, vegetables and valuables (as in the form of jewelry or cash according to the groom's means), where in carrying out those requirements Cirebonese community will prioritize Islamic elements more than others; and among them is to avoid <i>ria</i> (the attitude of wanting to be praised). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Marriage_proposal">Marriage proposal</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Marriage proposal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A marriage proposal or in Cirebonese language <i>tetali</i> or <i>njegog</i> is the early stage of the Cirebonese Royal Wedding procession whereby the messenger of the man visits the parents of the woman's house and expressed his intention to marry their daughter.<sup id="cite_ref-PAIDADTPKK_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PAIDADTPKK-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then the woman's mother would ask her for her approval. The woman will then give her answer in the presence of the messenger as a witness. After receiving the answer, the messenger and the woman's parents will have a discussion to determine the wedding date. Once there is agreement, the messenger excuse himself to convey the message to the man's parents. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Dowry">Dowry</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Dowry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On the day of delivering the dowries, the woman's parents accompanied her immediate family members will receive the man's messenger as he arrives together with his envoy accompanied a group men carrying the dowry; among them are:-<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Fruit bearers</li> <li>Tubers bearers</li> <li>Vegetables bearers</li> <li><i>Mas picis</i> bearers, which are dowries in a form of jewelries and cash that are to be handed over to the woman's parents.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Washing">Washing</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Washing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to Sultan Sepuh XIV Pangeran Raja Adipati Arief Natadiningrat, <i>Siraman</i> (meaning, "splashing of water" or "washing" and sometimes also referred to as <i>Siram Tawandari</i>) symbolizes purity. The <i>Siraman</i> procession is a tradition of bathing the bride with a certain traditional procedure takes place before proceeding with the solemnization ceremony. It aims to cleanse the body and soul of the bride before conducting the ceremony, which is the door to starting a new life with her partner. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>As according to the teachings of Islam, that good deeds must be preceded by cleansing themselves of impurity, be it both small or great.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In Islam, all of us who wants to worship must certainly begins with self-cleaning. <i>Siraman</i> is also a way of self-cleaning, and getting married is part of worship. So, before getting married a need for <i>Siraman</i> is done first so that both body and soul will be cleanse.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Both the bride and groom will be brought to the place for <i>Siraman</i>, called <i>cungkup</i> by the makeup person, accompanied by their parents and elders. As they walk towards the place for <i>Siraman</i> accompanied with traditional musical instruments; the <i>nablong</i>, the bride will wear a <a href="/wiki/Batik" title="Batik">batik</a> <a href="/wiki/Sarong" title="Sarong">sarong</a> of Cirebonese style, namely the <i>Wadasan</i> cloth. Usually the color of the <a href="/wiki/Sarong" title="Sarong">sarong</a> is green which symbolizes fertility. Before <i>Siraman</i>, the chest and back of the bride will be given scrubs and after which the makeup person will then invite the parents and elders to wash the bride alternately. Once completed, the water that is used to wash the bride will be given to young girls and boys who were present as a symbolic meaning that they should follow the examples of the bride and groom. This ceremony is called <i>Bendrong Sirat</i> where the water used for the <i>Siraman</i> are sprinkled to the young girls and boys who attended the event. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Titivate">Titivate</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Titivate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>To ornate or in Cirebonese language called <i>Parasan</i> is done by the prospective bride after the <i>Siraman</i> ceremony. One of the <i>Parasan</i> process called <i>ngerik</i> where the removal of fine hair done by the makeup person as the parents and relatives watch.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This event accompanied by <i>moblong</i>, a <i>karawitan</i> music which means the fountain of water is like a full moon. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Visiting_graves">Visiting graves</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Visiting graves"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Visiting of tomb (<i>ziarah</i>) is normally done to offer prayers for ancestors who have already gone. Usually if the bride is a descendant of the Cirebonese Sultanate, the bride will make a visit to the tomb of Sunan Gunung Jati tomb and the ancestral tomb of the Cirebonese sultans at the Astana Gunung Jati Tomb of the Cirebonese Kings Complex in Astana village, Gunung Jati district, <a href="/wiki/Cirebon_Regency" title="Cirebon Regency">Cirebon Regency</a> to receive blessings before proceeding with the marriage ceremony. </p><p>Visitation of the Astana Gunung Jati Tomb of the Cirebonese Kings Complex begins by praying in front of the <i>pasujudan</i> gate. The door is the third of the nine doors leading to the tomb of Sunan Gunung Jati that seats at the top of the hill. Apart from praying in front of the <i>pasujudan</i> door, usually Sultan Sepuh of the Kasepuhan palace and the bride will also spread flower petals and offer prayer in the tombs of the elders of Kasepuhan palace; and among them are Sultan Sepuh Raja Sulaiman and Sultan Sepuh PRA Maulana Pakuningrat. The visitation ends at the time for <a href="/wiki/Salat" class="mw-redirect" title="Salat">Salat</a> <a href="/wiki/Zuhr_prayer" title="Zuhr prayer">Zuhr prayer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Fetching_the_bride">Fetching the bride</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Fetching the bride"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>When the wedding day arrives as agreed, representatives of the bride will send emissaries to fetch the groom. Once arrive at the home of the groom's family and the messenger delivers his message with the intention to bring the prospective groom to the bride's home for a wedding ceremony. Parents of the groom are not allowed participate in the marriage ceremony as it is forbidden for them to witness. </p><p>Once the consent has been granted by the parents of the bride (<i>Ijab Kabul</i>), the groom will be covered with a cloth belonging to the bride's mother. This signifies that the groom has become a son-in-law. After it has been done, the cloth will be taken back to indicate that the bride is no longer in the protection of her parents and now has to carry her own responsibility. <i>Ijab Kabul</i> in Royal Wedding or <i>Pelakrama Ageng</i> of the Cirebonese palace is usually conveyed in loosed Cirebonese language.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Meeting_the_bride">Meeting the bride</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Meeting the bride"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Once the solemnization ceremony is completed, they will proceed with the meeting of the bride and the bridegroom ceremony which is referred to as <i>Temon</i> or <i>Salam Temon</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-TSDKS_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TSDKS-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both the bride and the bridegroom will be brought to the front porch or doorway of the house for a stepping on eggs event. The egg made up of shell, <a href="/wiki/Egg_white" title="Egg white">egg white</a> and <a href="/wiki/Egg_yolk" class="mw-redirect" title="Egg yolk">egg yolk</a> bears its own symbolic meaning:-<sup id="cite_ref-TSDKS_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TSDKS-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Egg shell as a vessel or place, egg white as purity and devotion of the wife, and egg yolk as a symbol of grandeur. With so all the purity and majesty of his wife from that moment on wards belonged to her husband. Among the tools that are used are the <i>pipisan</i> (a type of <a href="/wiki/Millstone" title="Millstone">millstone</a>) or a rectangular stone that is wrapped in white cloth. The bridegroom will step on the eggs symbolize the change status of a young man to a husband and wants to start a home and have children of his own.</p></blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>The bride will then wash the feet of her husband, to symbolize loyalty and wants to build a happy home together. Before washing the feet of her husband, the bride will ask for blessings from her husband. When the bride is from a well-off families usually during the <i>Salam Temon</i> ceremony, the <i>gelondongan pangareng</i> will be carried out as well which is the complete delivering of tribute of goods (valuables).</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Spreading_of_money">Spreading of money</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Spreading of money"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>This event is held as a form of parents expressing their happiness for the marriage of their children. Coins that are mixed with yellow rice and turmeric are spread, or in Cirebonese language it is called <i>Sawer</i>, as a sign so that the bride and groom are given an abundance of fortune, attain mutual respect, live in harmony and are well-suited for each other. Normally when coins are sprinkled or spread, noises of excitement are heard of those that were rushing for the money, yellow rice and turmeric.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those noise of excitement is what is referred to as <i>Surak</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Sprinkling_of_Pugpugan">Sprinkling of Pugpugan</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Sprinkling of Pugpugan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In a <a href="/wiki/Squatting_position" title="Squatting position">squatting position</a>, the head of the bride and bridegroom are sprinkled with <i>pugpugan</i> by the makeup person. The <i>pugpugan</i> is made of <i>welit</i>; which is either <a href="/wiki/Imperata_cylindrica" title="Imperata cylindrica">ilalang</a> or fermented coconut leaves. The purpose of this ceremony is done for a long lasting marriage just as the <i>welit</i> are tied tightly until it is fermented, and for both of the bride and bridegroom to be able to make a full use of the sustenance that they are blessed with. Once the ceremony is completed by the makeup person, the bride and bridegroom are bought into the aisle. Parents of the bridegroom are then invited by relatives of the bride to accompany the bride and bridegroom in the aisle. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Partaking_of_yellow_sticky_rice">Partaking of yellow sticky rice</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Partaking of yellow sticky rice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Partaking of the <i>nasi ketan kuning</i> (yellow sticky rice) by the bride and bridegroom ceremony is led by the makeup person. The <i>nasi ketan kuning</i> is arranged in a circle of 13 grains of rice.<sup id="cite_ref-TPACP_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TPACP-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> First, the parents of the bride feeds the bride and bridegroom with a total of 4 grains. Then, another 4 grains are fed to the bride and bridegroom by the parents of the bridegroom. Followed by the bride and bridegroom feeding each other with total of 2 grains. The remaining 1 grain of rice is to be contested and it symbolizes whoever manages to get the last grain of rice will be blessed abundantly.<sup id="cite_ref-TPACP_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TPACP-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, the last grain of rice is not to be consumed but to be given to his or her spouse. During the event, both of the bride and bridegroom are seated in front as a symbol of a united husband and wife in building a happy family. Apart from that, this event; which is also called <i>adep-adep sekul</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-PAIDADTPKK_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PAIDADTPKK-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> bears the meaning of harmony in the family among the couple, parents and parents-in-law.<sup id="cite_ref-TPACP_21-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TPACP-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Parental_blessings">Parental blessings</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Parental blessings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both of the bride and bridegroom pays homage to their parents by kneeling as a reflection of their respect and gratitude to their parents for all the love and guidance that has been devoted to them. The bride and groom also ask for blessings to build their own household with their spouse. After this ceremony, a love song with advice in a form of <i><a href="/wiki/Javanese_poetry" title="Javanese poetry">macapat</a></i> is played with the hope the bride and bridegroom are able to manage their household in agreement, in life and in death with one another. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading5"><h5 id="Closing">Closing</h5><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Closing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After receiving the blessings of their parents, the bride and bridegroom are then congratulated by relatives that are present. Usually, entertainment such as dancing are held. For example, <a href="/wiki/Cirebon_mask_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Cirebon mask dance">Cirebon mask dance</a>, Cirebonese cultural dance and Tayub dance. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art">Art</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Art"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tari_Topeng_di_Gua_Sunyaragi_Cirebon_Ganjar_Mustika.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Tari_Topeng_di_Gua_Sunyaragi_Cirebon_Ganjar_Mustika.jpg/220px-Tari_Topeng_di_Gua_Sunyaragi_Cirebon_Ganjar_Mustika.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Tari_Topeng_di_Gua_Sunyaragi_Cirebon_Ganjar_Mustika.jpg/330px-Tari_Topeng_di_Gua_Sunyaragi_Cirebon_Ganjar_Mustika.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Tari_Topeng_di_Gua_Sunyaragi_Cirebon_Ganjar_Mustika.jpg/440px-Tari_Topeng_di_Gua_Sunyaragi_Cirebon_Ganjar_Mustika.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2636" data-file-height="1757" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cirebonese_mask_dance" title="Cirebonese mask dance">Cirebonese mask dance</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cirebon_mask_dance" class="mw-redirect" title="Cirebon mask dance">Cirebon mask dance</a><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan_Sekaten" title="Gamelan Sekaten">Gamelan Sekaten</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemanak" title="Kemanak">Kemanak</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sega_Jamblang.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Sega_Jamblang.jpg/220px-Sega_Jamblang.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Sega_Jamblang.jpg/330px-Sega_Jamblang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Sega_Jamblang.jpg/440px-Sega_Jamblang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2848" data-file-height="2136" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Nasi_jamblang" title="Nasi jamblang">Nasi jamblang</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Docang" title="Docang">Docang</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empal_gentong" title="Empal gentong">Empal gentong</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mie_koclok" title="Mie koclok">Mie koclok</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sega_Jamblang" class="mw-redirect" title="Sega Jamblang">Sega Jamblang</a><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahu_gejrot" title="Tahu gejrot">Tahu gejrot</a><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relation_to_Javanese_culture">Relation to Javanese culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Relation to Javanese culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In relation to Javanese culture, the existence of Cirebonese language has always been associated with the <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a> due to the Cirebonese grammar that is similar to the Javanese grammar, as well as the existence of several words in the Cirebonese language also shares the same meaning in <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a>. </p><p>For example "<i>Isun arep lunga sing umah</i>" in Cirebonese language means "I want to leave from home" where if translated in <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a> it is "<i>I arep lungo sing umah</i>". Words obtained in both translations are almost similar but the variety of sentences in Cirebonese language is not limited to only from the absorption of <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a>. An example of a variant dialect in Cirebonese language, "<i>ari khaul mulae bakda magrib mah punten, isun beli bisa teka, ana janji sih karo adhine</i>". The word "<i>ari</i>" that is found in the sentence is an uptake of the <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese language</a> and the word "<i>bakda</i>" is an absorption of the <a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic language</a>. Where if translated into standard <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_language" title="Sundanese language">Sundanese language</a> or standard <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese language</a>, a different variety of vocabulary will be found from the Cirebonese sentences.<sup id="cite_ref-KBC_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KBC-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TBC_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TBC-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Relation_to_Sundanese_culture">Relation to Sundanese culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Relation to Sundanese culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In relations with <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese people</a> or culture, the existence of the Cirebonese people is marked in a form of the existence of the Cirebon palace; where the founders of the Cirebon palace namely Raden Walangsungsang, Nyai Rara Santang and Prince Surya are the <i>Kuwu</i> (Cirebonese term of head of settlement) in Kaliwedi district are the descendants of the Pajajaran kingdom of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Sunda" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Sunda">Kingdom of Sunda</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in the subsequent development of the Cirebon palace; which is the symbol of existence of Cirebonese people, chose its own path which is mostly patterned after <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/48px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/64px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Indonesia" title="Portal:Indonesia">Indonesia portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sultanate_of_Cirebon" title="Sultanate of Cirebon">Sultanate of Cirebon</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirebonese_people&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNa'imSyaputra2010" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Na'im, Akhsan; Syaputra, Hendry 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Suku+Bangsa+Ini+Bernama+Cirebon&rft.pub=Kompass&rft.date=2010&rft.au=Harthana%2C+Timbuktu+%26+Ignatius+Sawabi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fregional.kompas.com%2Fread%2F2010%2F08%2F03%2F12344274%2FSuku.Bangsa.Ini.Bernama.Cirebon-8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaufik_Uieks2015" class="citation web cs1">Taufik Uieks (10 March 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kompasiana.com/taufikuieks/552a6cd9f17e619d0bd623a6/makam-laksamana-cheng-ho-ada-di-cirebon">"Makam Laksamana Cheng Ho Ada di Cirebon?"</a>. 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Humaniora Utama Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-9231-38-8" title="Special:BookSources/979-9231-38-8"><bdi>979-9231-38-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kamus+Bahasa+Cirebon&rft.pub=Humaniora+Utama+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=979-9231-38-8&rft.au=T.+D.+Sudjana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120117003114/http://newspaper.pikiran-rakyat.com/prprint.php?mib=beritadetail&id=132798%20">"Menimbang-nimbang Bahasa Cirebon"</a>. Pikiran Rakyat. 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://newspaper.pikiran-rakyat.com/prprint.php?mib=beritadetail&id=132798%20">the original</a> on 17 January 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Menimbang-nimbang+Bahasa+Cirebon&rft.pub=Pikiran+Rakyat&rft.date=2009&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnewspaper.pikiran-rakyat.com%2Fprprint.php%3Fmib%3Dberitadetail%26id%3D132798%2520&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-APS-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-APS_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-APS_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmaliya2010" class="citation web cs1">Amaliya (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kasepuhan.com/bahasa-cirebon/alasan-politiklah-sebabnya/">"Alasan Politiklah Sebabnya"</a>. Pikiran Rakyat<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alasan+Politiklah+Sebabnya&rft.pub=Pikiran+Rakyat&rft.date=2010&rft.au=Amaliya&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkasepuhan.com%2Fbahasa-cirebon%2Falasan-politiklah-sebabnya%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAjip_Rosidi2010" class="citation web cs1">Ajip Rosidi (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rubrikbahasa.wordpress.com/2010/10/23/bahasa-cirebon-dan-bahasa-indramayu/">"Bahasa Cirebon And Bahasa Indramayu"</a>. Pikiran Rakyat<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bahasa+Cirebon+And+Bahasa+Indramayu&rft.pub=Pikiran+Rakyat&rft.date=2010&rft.au=Ajip+Rosidi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frubrikbahasa.wordpress.com%2F2010%2F10%2F23%2Fbahasa-cirebon-dan-bahasa-indramayu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TBC-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TBC_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TBC_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSalana2002" class="citation book cs1">Salana (2002). <i>Wyakarana: Tata Bahasa Cirebon</i>. Humaniora Utama Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/979-9231-57-4" title="Special:BookSources/979-9231-57-4"><bdi>979-9231-57-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wyakarana%3A+Tata+Bahasa+Cirebon&rft.pub=Humaniora+Utama+Press&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=979-9231-57-4&rft.au=Salana&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JJKC-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-JJKC_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-JJKC_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNieza2009" class="citation book cs1">Nieza (2009). <i>Jalan-Jalan Ke Cirebon Sega Jamblang Sampai Batik Trusmian</i>. PT Gramedia Pustaka Utama. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-979-22-4996-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-979-22-4996-5"><bdi>978-979-22-4996-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Jalan-Jalan+Ke+Cirebon+Sega+Jamblang+Sampai+Batik+Trusmian&rft.pub=PT+Gramedia+Pustaka+Utama&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-979-22-4996-5&rft.au=Nieza&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNurdin_M._Noer" class="citation web cs1">Nurdin M. Noer. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ja-jp.facebook.com/notes/wayang-nusantara-indonesian-shadow-puppets/wayang-kulit-di-mata-matthew-isaac-cohen/231262356109?comment_id=8374015">"Wayang Kulit Di Mata Matthew Isaac Cohen"</a>. Pikiran Rakyat.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wayang+Kulit+Di+Mata+Matthew+Isaac+Cohen&rft.pub=Pikiran+Rakyat&rft.au=Nurdin+M.+Noer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fja-jp.facebook.com%2Fnotes%2Fwayang-nusantara-indonesian-shadow-puppets%2Fwayang-kulit-di-mata-matthew-isaac-cohen%2F231262356109%3Fcomment_id%3D8374015&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PAIDADTPKK-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PAIDADTPKK_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PAIDADTPKK_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeru_Fachrurizal2015" class="citation web cs1">Heru Fachrurizal (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/15899/1/BAB%20I%2C%20V%2C%20DAFTAR%20PUSTAKA.pdf">"Perpaduan Ajaran Islam Dan Adat Dalam Tradisi Pernikahan Keraton Kecirebonan"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Perpaduan+Ajaran+Islam+Dan+Adat+Dalam+Tradisi+Pernikahan+Keraton+Kecirebonan&rft.pub=Universitas+Islam+Negeri+Sunan+Kalijaga&rft.date=2015&rft.au=Heru+Fachrurizal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdigilib.uin-suka.ac.id%2F15899%2F1%2FBAB%2520I%252C%2520V%252C%2520DAFTAR%2520PUSTAKA.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSulaeman2008" class="citation web cs1">Sulaeman (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etheses.uin-malang.ac.id/4318/1/04210007.pdf">"Tradisi Perkawinan Keraton Kacirebonan Di Kota Cirebon, Jawa Barat"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Universitas Islam Negeri<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tradisi+Perkawinan+Keraton+Kacirebonan+Di+Kota+Cirebon%2C+Jawa+Barat&rft.pub=Universitas+Islam+Negeri&rft.date=2008&rft.au=Sulaeman&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fetheses.uin-malang.ac.id%2F4318%2F1%2F04210007.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLilis_Sri_Handayani2013" class="citation web cs1">Lilis Sri Handayani (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/jawa-barat-nasional/13/11/10/mw0rng-pagi-ini-putra-mahkota-keraton-kasepuhan-jalani-siraman">"Pagi Ini, Putra Mahkota Keraton Kasepuhan Jalani Siraman"</a>. Republika Online<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pagi+Ini%2C+Putra+Mahkota+Keraton+Kasepuhan+Jalani+Siraman&rft.pub=Republika+Online&rft.date=2013&rft.au=Lilis+Sri+Handayani&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.republika.co.id%2Fberita%2Fnasional%2Fjawa-barat-nasional%2F13%2F11%2F10%2Fmw0rng-pagi-ini-putra-mahkota-keraton-kasepuhan-jalani-siraman&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoh2014" class="citation web cs1">Roh (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jabar.tribunnews.com/2014/03/12/seusai-siraman-putri-sultan-ziarah-ke-astana-gunung-jati">"Seusai Siraman Putri Sultan Ziarah ke Astana Gunung Jati"</a>. Tribun Jabar<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Seusai+Siraman+Putri+Sultan+Ziarah+ke+Astana+Gunung+Jati&rft.pub=Tribun+Jabar&rft.date=2014&rft.au=Roh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjabar.tribunnews.com%2F2014%2F03%2F12%2Fseusai-siraman-putri-sultan-ziarah-ke-astana-gunung-jati&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWahyu_WibisanaRuswandi_ZarkasihTatang_SumarsonoSiti_Dloyana_Kusumah1986" class="citation book cs1">Wahyu Wibisana; Ruswandi Zarkasih; Tatang Sumarsono; Siti Dloyana Kusumah; Ahmad Yunus (1986). <i>Arti perlambang dan fungsi tata rias pengantin dalam menanamkan nilai-nilai budaya daerah Jawa Barat</i>. Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, Proyek Inventarisasi dan Dokumentasi Kebudayaan Daerah. p. 114. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/23145268">23145268</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Arti+perlambang+dan+fungsi+tata+rias+pengantin+dalam+menanamkan+nilai-nilai+budaya+daerah+Jawa+Barat&rft.pages=114&rft.pub=Departemen+Pendidikan+dan+Kebudayaan%2C+Proyek+Inventarisasi+dan+Dokumentasi+Kebudayaan+Daerah&rft.date=1986&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F23145268&rft.au=Wahyu+Wibisana&rft.au=Ruswandi+Zarkasih&rft.au=Tatang+Sumarsono&rft.au=Siti+Dloyana+Kusumah&rft.au=Ahmad+Yunus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoh2013" class="citation web cs1">Roh (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jabar.tribunnews.com/2013/11/10/usai-siraman-sultan-sepuh-dan-putra-mahkota-berziarah-ke-gunung-jati">"Usai Siraman, Sultan Sepuh dan Putra Mahkota Berziarah ke Gunung Jati"</a>. Tribun Jabar<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Usai+Siraman%2C+Sultan+Sepuh+dan+Putra+Mahkota+Berziarah+ke+Gunung+Jati&rft.pub=Tribun+Jabar&rft.date=2013&rft.au=Roh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjabar.tribunnews.com%2F2013%2F11%2F10%2Fusai-siraman-sultan-sepuh-dan-putra-mahkota-berziarah-ke-gunung-jati&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMik2014" class="citation web cs1">Mik (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141021204951/http://www.jpnn.com/read/2014/03/14/221885/Putri-Sultan-Cirebon-Nikahi-Pemuda-Biasa-">"Putri Sultan Cirebon Nikahi Pemuda Biasa"</a>. JPPN. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jpnn.com/read/2014/03/14/221885/Putri-Sultan-Cirebon-Nikahi-Pemuda-Biasa-">the original</a> on 21 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Putri+Sultan+Cirebon+Nikahi+Pemuda+Biasa&rft.pub=JPPN&rft.date=2014&rft.au=Mik&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpnn.com%2Fread%2F2014%2F03%2F14%2F221885%2FPutri-Sultan-Cirebon-Nikahi-Pemuda-Biasa-&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-TSDKS-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-TSDKS_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-TSDKS_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFProf._Dr._H._Khaerul_Wahidin2018" class="citation web cs1">Prof. Dr. H. Khaerul Wahidin (October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.umc.ac.id/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/Jurnal-Hadariyah-edit.pdf">"Tarekat Seni Dan Keadilan Sosial"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Jurnal Hadhariyah, Vol. 4, No. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tarekat+Seni+Dan+Keadilan+Sosial&rft.pub=Jurnal+Hadhariyah%2C+Vol.+4%2C+No.+1&rft.date=2018-10&rft.au=Prof.+Dr.+H.+Khaerul+Wahidin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.umc.ac.id%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F11%2FJurnal-Hadariyah-edit.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Cirebon yang kukenal</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tradisi+Pernikahan+Adat+Cirebonan-Pantura&rft.pub=Netral+News&rft.date=2017-07-22&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.netralnews.com%2Fnews%2Frsn%2Fread%2F89719%2Ftradisi-pernikahan-adat-cirebonan-pantura&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thejakartapost.com/life/2017/12/30/five-cirebon-mask-dances-on-the-brink-of-extinction.html">"Five Cirebon mask dances on the brink of extinction"</a>. The Jakarta Post. 30 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Five+Cirebon+mask+dances+on+the+brink+of+extinction&rft.pub=The+Jakarta+Post&rft.date=2017-12-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thejakartapost.com%2Flife%2F2017%2F12%2F30%2Ffive-cirebon-mask-dances-on-the-brink-of-extinction.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPanji_Prayitno2016" class="citation web cs1">Panji Prayitno (11 July 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.liputan6.com/ramadan/read/2549598/gamelan-sekaten-tradisi-unik-cirebon-merayakan-lebaran">"Gamelan Sekaten, Tradisi Unik Cirebon Merayakan Lebaran"</a>. Liputan6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gamelan+Sekaten%2C+Tradisi+Unik+Cirebon+Merayakan+Lebaran&rft.pub=Liputan6&rft.date=2016-07-11&rft.au=Panji+Prayitno&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.liputan6.com%2Framadan%2Fread%2F2549598%2Fgamelan-sekaten-tradisi-unik-cirebon-merayakan-lebaran&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTugiyono_K_S2004" class="citation book cs1">Tugiyono K S (2004). <i>Sejarah</i>. 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Dedy Herdiana (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jabar.tribunnews.com/2018/11/05/mengenal-docang-makanan-khas-cirebon-di-mata-ahli-sejarah-ada-sejak-zaman-sunan-gunung-djati">"Mengenal Docang, Makanan Khas Cirebon di Mata Ahli Sejarah, Ada Sejak Zaman Sunan Gunung Djati"</a>. Tribun Jabar<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Sindo News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Empal+Gentong+Khas+Cirebon%2C+Ini+Resep+dan+Cara+Mengolahnya&rft.pub=Sindo+News&rft.date=2018-01-05&rft.au=Diana+Rafikasari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjatim.sindonews.com%2Fread%2F5098%2F3%2Fempal-gentong-khas-cirebon-ini-resep-dan-cara-mengolahnya-1546650069&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPanji_Prayitno2017" class="citation web cs1">Panji Prayitno (21 May 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.liputan6.com/regional/read/2958604/rahasia-di-balik-kelezatan-kuah-kental-mi-koclok-cirebon">"Rahasia di Balik Kelezatan Kuah Kental Mi Koclok Cirebon"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Rahasia+di+Balik+Kelezatan+Kuah+Kental+Mi+Koclok+Cirebon&rft.pub=Liputan6&rft.date=2017-05-21&rft.au=Panji+Prayitno&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.liputan6.com%2Fregional%2Fread%2F2958604%2Frahasia-di-balik-kelezatan-kuah-kental-mi-koclok-cirebon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTaryani_&_Tri2018" class="citation web cs1">Taryani & Tri (21 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://poskotanews.com/2018/04/21/marak-restoran-cepat-saji-nasi-jamblang-tetap-diminati-masyarakat-cirebon/">"Marak Restoran Cepat Saji, Nasi Jamblang Tetap Diminati Masyarakat Cirebon"</a>. Pos Kota News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Marak+Restoran+Cepat+Saji%2C+Nasi+Jamblang+Tetap+Diminati+Masyarakat+Cirebon&rft.pub=Pos+Kota+News&rft.date=2018-04-21&rft.au=Taryani+%26+Tri&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fposkotanews.com%2F2018%2F04%2F21%2Fmarak-restoran-cepat-saji-nasi-jamblang-tetap-diminati-masyarakat-cirebon%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.koran-jakarta.com/kelezatan-makanan-dan-camilan-dari-tahu/">"Kelezatan Makanan dan Camilan dari Tahu"</a>. Koran Jakarta. 24 December 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 January</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kelezatan+Makanan+dan+Camilan+dari+Tahu&rft.pub=Koran+Jakarta&rft.date=2018-12-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.koran-jakarta.com%2Fkelezatan-makanan-dan-camilan-dari-tahu%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRokhmin_Dahuri,_Bambang_Irianto_(R.)_&_Eva_Nur_Arovah2004" class="citation book cs1">Rokhmin Dahuri, Bambang Irianto (R.) & Eva Nur Arovah (2004). <i>Budaya bahari: sebuah apresiasi di Cirebon</i>. Perum Percetakan Negara RI. p. 57. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/97-937-4706-4" title="Special:BookSources/97-937-4706-4"><bdi>97-937-4706-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Budaya+bahari%3A+sebuah+apresiasi+di+Cirebon&rft.pages=57&rft.pub=Perum+Percetakan+Negara+RI&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=97-937-4706-4&rft.au=Rokhmin+Dahuri%2C+Bambang+Irianto+%28R.%29+%26+Eva+Nur+Arovah&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACirebonese+people" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 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href="/wiki/Batin_people" title="Batin people">Batin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bonai_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bonai people (page does not exist)">Bonai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubu_people" title="Lubu people">Lubu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mante_people" title="Mante people">Mante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Kuala" title="Orang Kuala">Orang Kuala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Rimba_people" title="Orang Rimba people">Orang Rimba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakai_people_(Indonesia)" title="Sakai people (Indonesia)">Sakai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petalangan_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Petalangan people (page does not exist)">Petalangan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Talang_Mamak_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Talang Mamak people (page does not exist)">Talang Mamak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acehnese_people" title="Acehnese people">Acehnese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alas_people" title="Alas people">Alas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batak" title="Batak">Batak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angkola_people" title="Angkola people">Angkola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karo_people_(Indonesia)" title="Karo people (Indonesia)">Karo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandailing_people" title="Mandailing people">Mandailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakpak_people" title="Pakpak people">Pakpak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simalungun_people" title="Simalungun people">Simalungun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toba_Batak_people" title="Toba Batak people">Toba Batak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enggano_people" title="Enggano people">Enggano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gayo_people" title="Gayo people">Gayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kluet_people" title="Kluet people">Kluet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komering_people" title="Komering people">Komering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampung_people" title="Lampung people">Lampung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Laut" title="Orang Laut">Laut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_Indonesians" title="Malay Indonesians">Malay</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asahan_Malay_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asahan Malay people (page does not exist)">Asahan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Basemah_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Basemah people (page does not exist)">Basemah</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Belida_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belida people (page does not exist)">Belida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugis-Malay" title="Bugis-Malay">Bugis-Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deli_Malay_people" title="Deli Malay people">Deli</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Enim_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enim people (page does not exist)">Enim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kikim_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kikim people (page does not exist)">Kikim</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kisam_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kisam people (page does not exist)">Kisam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lahat_Malay_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lahat Malay people (page does not exist)">Lahat</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Langkat_Malay_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Langkat Malay people (page does not exist)">Langkat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lembak_people" title="Lembak people">Lembak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lintang_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lintang people (page does not exist)">Lintang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Musi_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Musi people (page does not exist)">Musi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palembang_people" title="Palembang people">Palembang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pegagan_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pegagan people (page does not exist)">Pegagan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Penesak_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Penesak people (page does not exist)">Penesak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rambang_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rambang people (page does not exist)">Rambang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riau_Malays" title="Riau Malays">Riau</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semendo_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Semendo people (page does not exist)">Semendo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serdang_Malay_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serdang Malay people (page does not exist)">Serdang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentawai_people" title="Mentawai people">Mentawai</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sakuddei" title="Sakuddei">Sakuddei</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_people" title="Minangkabau people">Minangkabau</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aneuk_Jamee_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Aneuk Jamee people">Aneuk Jamee</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nias_people" title="Nias people">Nias</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haloban_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haloban people (page does not exist)">Haloban</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ogan_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ogan people (page does not exist)">Ogan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rejang_people" title="Rejang people">Rejang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simeulue_people" title="Simeulue people">Simeulue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singkil_people" title="Singkil people">Singkil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betawi_people" title="Betawi people">Betawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cirebonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banyumasan_people" title="Banyumasan people">Banyumasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osing_people" title="Osing people">Osing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenggerese_people" title="Tenggerese people">Tenggerese</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangeanese_people" title="Kangeanese people">Kangeanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madurese_people" title="Madurese people">Madurese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bawean_people" title="Bawean people">Bawean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_Indonesians" title="Malay Indonesians">Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baduy_people" title="Baduy people">Baduy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bantenese_people" title="Bantenese people">Bantenese</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Kalimantan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banjar_people" title="Banjar people">Banjar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dayak_people" title="Dayak people">Dayak</a> <ul><li>Apo Duat <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kelabit_people" title="Kelabit people">Kelabit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lun_Bawang" title="Lun Bawang">Lun Bawang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sa%27ban_people" title="Sa'ban people">Sa'ban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apo_Kayan_people" title="Apo Kayan people">Apo Kayan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahau_people" title="Bahau people">Bahau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayan_people_(Borneo)" title="Kayan people (Borneo)">Kayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyah_people" title="Kenyah people">Kenyah</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebbo%27_people" title="Lebbo' people">Lebbo'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uma_Baka%27_people" title="Uma Baka' people">Uma Baka'</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidayuh" title="Bidayuh">Bidayuh</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kendayan_people" title="Kendayan people">Kendayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selako_people" title="Selako people">Selako</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iban_people" title="Iban people">Iban</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dayak_Mualang" title="Dayak Mualang">Mualang</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murut_people" title="Murut people">Murut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tidung_people" title="Tidung people">Tidung</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ot_Danum_people" title="Ot Danum people">Ot Danum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lawangan_people" title="Lawangan people">Lawangan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27anyan_people" title="Ma'anyan people">Ma'anyan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ngaju_people" title="Ngaju people">Ngaju</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bakumpai_people" title="Bakumpai people">Bakumpai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meratus_Dayak" title="Meratus Dayak">Meratus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punan_Bah" title="Punan Bah">Punan Bah</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bukitan_people" title="Bukitan people">Bukitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krio_Dayak_people" title="Krio Dayak people">Krio</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_Indonesians" title="Malay Indonesians">Malay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berau_Malays" title="Berau Malays">Berau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontianak_Malay" title="Pontianak Malay">Pontianak</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_people" title="Moro people">Moro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orang_Laut" title="Orang Laut">Orang Laut</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sama-Bajau" title="Sama-Bajau">Bajau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taus%C5%ABg_people" title="Tausūg people">Suluk</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buginese_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Buginese people">Buginese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bungku_people" title="Bungku people">Bungku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butonese_people" title="Butonese people">Butonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonerate_people" title="Bonerate people">Bonerate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorontaloan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Gorontaloan people">Gorontaloan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalumpang_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalumpang people (page does not exist)">Kalumpang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lindu_people" title="Lindu people">Lindu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makassar_people" title="Makassar people">Makassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_Indonesians" title="Malay Indonesians">Malay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandarese_people" title="Mandarese people">Mandarese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minahasan_people" title="Minahasan people">Minahasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mongondow_people" title="Mongondow people">Mongondow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muna_people" title="Muna people">Muna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamona_people" title="Pamona people">Pamona</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rampi_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rampi people (page does not exist)">Rampi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sangirese_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Sangirese people">Sangirese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Seko_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seko people (page does not exist)">Seko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tau_Taa_Wana" title="Tau Taa Wana">Tau Taa Wana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torajan_people" title="Torajan people">Torajan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mamasa_people" title="Mamasa people">Mamasa</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/New_Guinea" title="New Guinea">Papua</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abun_people" title="Abun people">Abun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amung_people" title="Amung people">Amungme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asmat_people" title="Asmat people">Asmat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauzi_people" title="Bauzi people">Bauzi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damal_people" title="Damal people">Damalme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dani_people" title="Dani people">Dani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekari_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Ekari people">Ekari (Mee)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fayu_people" title="Fayu people">Fayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanum_people" title="Kanum people">Kanum</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ketengban_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ketengban people (page does not exist)">Ketengban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kombai_people" title="Kombai people">Kombai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korowai_people" title="Korowai people">Korowai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lani_people" title="Lani people">Lani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marind_people" title="Marind people">Marind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mek_people" title="Mek people">Mek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moni_people" title="Moni people">Moni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nduga_people" title="Nduga people">Nduga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawi_people" title="Sawi people">Sawi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sentani_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sentani people (page does not exist)">Sentani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehit_people" title="Tehit people">Tehit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobati_people" title="Tobati people">Tobati</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wambon_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wambon people (page does not exist)">Wambon</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Waropen_people&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Waropen people (page does not exist)">Waropen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolani_people" title="Wolani people">Wolani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yali_people" title="Yali people">Yali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaur_people" title="Yaur people">Yaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yei_people_(Indonesia)" title="Yei people (Indonesia)">Yei</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Lesser_Sunda_Islands" title="Lesser Sunda Islands">Lesser <br />Sunda Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abui_people" title="Abui people">Abui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atoni" title="Atoni">Atoni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bali_Aga" title="Bali Aga">Bali Aga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balinese_people" title="Balinese people">Balinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bimanese_people" title="Bimanese people">Bimanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bunak_people" title="Bunak people">Bunak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helong_people" title="Helong people">Helong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemak_people" title="Kemak people">Kemak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamaholot_people" title="Lamaholot people">Lamaholot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malay_Indonesians" title="Malay Indonesians">Malay</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Loloan_Malays" title="Loloan Malays">Loloan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manggarai_people" title="Manggarai people">Manggarai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nage" class="mw-redirect" title="Nage">Nage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotenese_people" title="Rotenese people">Rotenese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sasak_people" title="Sasak people">Sasak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savu_people" title="Savu people">Savu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikka_people" title="Sikka people">Sikka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumba_people" title="Sumba people">Sumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumbawa_people" title="Sumbawa people">Sumbawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetum_people" title="Tetum people">Tetum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku Islands</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Moluccans" title="Moluccans">Moluccan</a> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfur_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Alfur people">Alfur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alune_people" title="Alune people">Alune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manusela_people" title="Manusela people">Manusela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuaulu_people" title="Nuaulu people">Nuaulu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambelau_people" title="Ambelau people">Ambelau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambonese" class="mw-redirect" title="Ambonese">Ambonese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buru_people" title="Buru people">Buru</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wai_Apu_people" title="Wai Apu people">Wai Apu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kayeli_people" title="Kayeli people">Kayeli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lisela_people" title="Lisela people">Lisela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanimbarese" title="Tanimbarese">Tanimbarese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tobelo_people" title="Tobelo people">Tobelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Togutil_people" title="Togutil people">Togutil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wemale_people" title="Wemale people">Wemale</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center">Non-indigenous</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Indonesians" title="African Indonesians">African</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belanda_Hitam" title="Belanda Hitam">Black Dutchmen</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Indonesians" title="Arab Indonesians">Arab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenians_in_Indonesia" title="Armenians in Indonesia">Armenian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chindians" title="Chindians">Chindian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesians" title="Chinese Indonesians">Chinese</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benteng_Chinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Benteng Chinese">Benteng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_in_the_Bangka_Belitung_Islands" title="Chinese in the Bangka Belitung Islands">Bangka Belitung Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Maluku" title="Chinese Maluku">Maluku Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Padang_Chinese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Padang Chinese (page does not exist)">Padang Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aceh_Chinese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aceh Chinese (page does not exist)">Aceh Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bali_Chinese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bali Chinese (page does not exist)">Bali Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Parit_Chinese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Parit Chinese (page does not exist)">Parit Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palembang_Chinese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palembang Chinese (page does not exist)">Palembang Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_Chinese&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan Chinese (page does not exist)">Medan Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peranakans" class="mw-redirect" title="Peranakans">Peranakan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipinos_in_Indonesia" title="Filipinos in Indonesia">Filipino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Indonesians" title="Indian Indonesians">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Klingalese" title="Klingalese">Klingalese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamil_Indonesians" title="Tamil Indonesians">Tamil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo_people" title="Indo people">Indo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_migration_to_Indonesia" title="Japanese migration to Indonesia">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish-Indonesian" class="mw-redirect" title="Jewish-Indonesian">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_Indonesia" title="Koreans in Indonesia">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardijker_people" title="Mardijker people">Mardijker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistanis_in_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistanis in Indonesia">Pakistani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Indonesians" title="Portuguese Indonesians">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totok" title="Totok">Totok</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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