Supremacy Clause | Wex | US Law | LII / Legal Information Institute

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class="container-fluid"> <div class="row"> <div title="Definitions Frame"></div> <div id="extracted-content"> <div id="main-content"> <h1 class="title" id="page-title">Supremacy Clause</h1>  <h2 class="element-invisible">Primary tabs</h2> <div id="content1"> <article about="/wex/supremacy_clause" class="node-8594 node node-wex-cck en view-mode-full clearfix" typeof="sioc:Item foaf:Document"> <header> <span class="rdf-meta element-hidden" content="Supremacy Clause" property="dc:title"></span> </header> <div class="field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden"> <div class="field-items"> <div class="field-item even" property="content:encoded"><p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-1f14c085-7fff-7c8d-26b7-8879f1790d16">The Supremacy Clause refers to the foundational principle that, in general, federal law takes precedence over any conflicting state law. Established under </span><a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/constitution.articlevi.html">Article VI</a>, Paragraph 2 of the <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/">U.S. Constitution</a>, the Supremacy Clause enables the federal government to enforce treaties, create a central bank, and enact legislation without interference from the states. It does not, however, allow the federal government to review or veto state laws before they take effect.</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-1f14c085-7fff-7c8d-26b7-8879f1790d16a56d90c6-9082-11ef-b8c7-e9213680cfdc">The Supremacy Clause underpins the broader </span><a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/doctrine">doctrine</a> of <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/preemption">preemption</a>, where if laws are in conflict, the law of a higher authority can preempt the law of a lower authority if the superiority of the former is stated <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/express">expressly</a> or <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/implied">implied</a>. Traditionally, when it is not indicated, federal law does not preempt state law in areas traditionally regulated by states, unless Congress鈥檚 intent to preempt is clear. In areas where the federal government has historically significant regulatory involvement, preemption is less likely to apply. Today, disputes usually involve <a href="/wex/statutory_interpretation">statutory interpretation</a> rather than its scope of application.聽</p> <p dir="ltr"><span id="docs-internal-guid-1f14c085-7fff-7c8d-26b7-8879f1790d16a56d90c7-9082-11ef-b8c7-e9213680cfdc">See also: </span><a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/constitutional_clauses">Constitutional Clauses</a></p> <p><span id="docs-internal-guid-1f14c085-7fff-7c8d-26b7-8879f1790d16a56d90c8-9082-11ef-b8c7-e9213680cfdc">[Last updated in June of 2024 by the</span><a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/lii/about/lii_staff/wdt"> Wex Definitions Team</a>]</p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="field field-name-taxonomy-vocabulary-7 field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above"> <ul> <li class="field-label">wex <ul class="field-items"> <li class="field-item even"><a aria-label="category: wex: CIVICS" datatype="" href="/wex/category/civics" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" typeof="skos:Concept">CIVICS</a></li> <li class="field-item odd"><a aria-label="category: wex: the Constitution" datatype="" href="/wex/category/the_constitution" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" typeof="skos:Concept">the Constitution</a></li> <li class="field-item even"><a aria-label="category: wex: government" datatype="" href="/wex/category/government" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" typeof="skos:Concept">government</a></li> <li class="field-item odd"><a aria-label="category: wex: THE LEGAL PROCESS" datatype="" href="/wex/category/the_legal_process" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" typeof="skos:Concept">THE LEGAL PROCESS</a></li> <li class="field-item even"><a aria-label="category: wex: statutory interpretation" datatype="" href="/wex/category/statutory_interpretation" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" typeof="skos:Concept">statutory interpretation</a></li> <li class="field-item odd"><a aria-label="category: wex: constitutional law" datatype="" href="/wex/category/constitutional_law" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" typeof="skos:Concept">constitutional law</a></li> <li class="field-item even"><a aria-label="category: wex: wex definitions" datatype="" href="/wex/category/wex_definitions" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" typeof="skos:Concept">wex definitions</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="field field-name-taxonomy-vocabulary-4 field-type-taxonomy-term-reference field-label-above"> <ul> <li class="field-label">Keywords <ul class="field-items"> <li class="field-item even"><a aria-label="category: Keywords: U.S. CONSTITUTION" datatype="" href="/category/keywords/us_constitution" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" typeof="skos:Concept">U.S. CONSTITUTION</a></li> <li class="field-item odd"><a aria-label="category: Keywords: Supremacy Clause" datatype="" href="/category/keywords/supremacy_clause" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" typeof="skos:Concept">Supremacy Clause</a></li> <li class="field-item even"><a aria-label="category: Keywords: federal preemption" datatype="" href="/category/keywords/federal_preemption" property="rdfs:label skos:prefLabel" typeof="skos:Concept">federal preemption</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="page-bottom" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="region region-bottom"> <div id="block-liidfp-2" class="block block-liidfp first last odd"> <div class="gfs"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-bottom" data-google-query-id="CNH77Z7C7d8CFURLAQodp9oMpg"> <script type="text/javascript"> googletag.cmd.push(function () { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-bottom'); 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