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</div> </header> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <div class="banner-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="pre-content heading-holder"> <div class="page-heading"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Saw</span></h1> <div class="tagline"></div> </div> <ul id="p-associated-pages" class="minerva__tab-container"> <li class="minerva__tab selected"> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Saw" rel="" data-event-name="tabs.subject">Article</a> </li> <li class="minerva__tab "> <a class="minerva__tab-text" href="/wiki/Talk:Saw" rel="discussion" data-event-name="tabs.talk">Talk</a> </li> </ul> <nav class="page-actions-menu"> <ul id="p-views" class="page-actions-menu__list"> <li id="language-selector" class="page-actions-menu__list-item"> <a role="button" href="#p-lang" data-mw="interface" data-event-name="menu.languages" title="Language" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button 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menu__item--page-actions-edit"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>Edit</span> </a> </li> </ul> </nav>  <div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the cutting tool. For the 2004 horror movie, see <a href="/wiki/Saw_(film)" title="Saw (film)">Saw (film)</a>. For the subsequent movie franchise, see <a href="/wiki/Saw_(franchise)" title="Saw (franchise)">Saw (franchise)</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Saw_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Saw (disambiguation)">Saw (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Sawblade" redirects here. For the EPs, see <a href="/wiki/Sawblade_(Isis_EP)" title="Sawblade (Isis EP)">Sawblade (Isis EP)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sawblade_(Gangrene_EP)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sawblade (Gangrene EP)">Sawblade (Gangrene EP)</a>. For the plant, see <a href="/wiki/Dyckia_brevifolia" title="Dyckia brevifolia">Dyckia brevifolia</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Lead_too_short plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-lead_too_short" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Length" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">lead section</a> <b>may be too short to adequately <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Summary_style" title="Wikipedia:Summary style">summarize</a> the key points</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please consider expanding the lead to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Lead_section#Provide_an_accessible_overview" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Lead section">provide an accessible overview</a> of all important aspects of the article.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">December 2020</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><p>A <b>saw</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Tool" title="Tool">tool</a> consisting of a tough <a href="/wiki/Blade" title="Blade">blade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wire_saw" title="Wire saw">wire</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Chainsaw" title="Chainsaw">chain</a> with a hard toothed edge used to cut through <a href="/wiki/Material" title="Material">material</a>. Various terms are used to describe toothed and <a href="/wiki/Abrasive_saw" title="Abrasive saw">abrasive saws</a>. </p><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title">Saw</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;padding-top:0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crosscut_saw.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Crosscut_saw.JPG/250px-Crosscut_saw.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="52" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Crosscut_saw.JPG/375px-Crosscut_saw.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Crosscut_saw.JPG/500px-Crosscut_saw.JPG 2x" data-file-width="502" data-file-height="105"></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding:0.35em 0.35em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em;">A crosscut hand saw about 620 mm (24 inches) long</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Classification</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Cutting" title="Cutting">Cutting</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Types</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Hand_saw" title="Hand saw">Hand saw</a><br><a href="/wiki/Back_saw" class="mw-redirect" title="Back saw">Back saw</a><br><a href="/wiki/Bow_saw" title="Bow saw">Bow saw</a><br><a href="/wiki/Chainsaw" title="Chainsaw">Chainsaw</a><br><a href="/wiki/Circular_saw" title="Circular saw">Circular saw</a><br><a href="/wiki/Reciprocating_saw" title="Reciprocating saw">Reciprocating saw</a><br><a href="/wiki/Bandsaw" title="Bandsaw">Bandsaw</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space:nowrap;padding-right:0.65em;">Related</th><td class="infobox-data" style="line-height:1.3em;"><a href="/wiki/Milling_cutter" title="Milling cutter">Milling cutter</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Saws began as serrated materials, and when mankind learned how to use iron, it became the preferred material for saw blades of all kind. There are numerous types of hands saws and mechanical saws, and different types of blades and cuts. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Description"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Description</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Terminology"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Terminology</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-3"><a href="#Kerf"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Kerf</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Toothed_saws"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Toothed saws</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="#Frequency_of_teeth"><span class="tocnumber">2.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Frequency of teeth</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-6"><a href="#Set"><span class="tocnumber">2.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Set</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="#Other_toothed_saw_terms"><span class="tocnumber">2.2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Other toothed saw terms</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Abrasive_saws"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Abrasive saws</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Manufacture_of_saws_by_hand"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Manufacture of saws by hand</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Pit_saws"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Pit saws</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#Types_of_saws"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Types of saws</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Hand_saws"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Hand saws</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-14"><a href="#Back_saws"><span class="tocnumber">4.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Back saws</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-15"><a href="#Frame_saws"><span class="tocnumber">4.1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Frame saws</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-16"><a href="#Mechanically_powered_saws"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Mechanically powered saws</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-17"><a href="#Circular-blade_saws"><span class="tocnumber">4.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Circular-blade saws</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-18"><a href="#Reciprocating_blade_saws"><span class="tocnumber">4.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Reciprocating blade saws</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-19"><a href="#Continuous_band"><span class="tocnumber">4.2.3</span> <span class="toctext">Continuous band</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-20"><a href="#Chainsaws"><span class="tocnumber">4.2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Chainsaws</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-21"><a href="#Types_of_blades_and_blade_cuts"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Types of blades and blade cuts</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-22"><a href="#Materials_used_for_saws"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Materials used for saws</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-23"><a href="#Uses"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Uses</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-24"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-25"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-26"><a href="#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-27"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>A saw is a <a href="/wiki/Tool" title="Tool">tool</a> consisting of a tough <a href="/wiki/Blade" title="Blade">blade</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wire_saw" title="Wire saw">wire</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Chain_saw" class="mw-redirect" title="Chain saw">chain</a> with a hard toothed edge. It is used to cut through <a href="/wiki/Material" title="Material">material</a>, very often <a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">wood</a>, though sometimes metal or stone. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Terminology">Terminology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Terminology" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <p>A number of terms are used to describe saws. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kerf">Kerf</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Kerf" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Kerf" redirects here. For other meanings, see <a href="/wiki/Kerf_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Kerf (disambiguation)">Kerf (disambiguation)</a>.</div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saw_blade.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Saw_blade.svg/150px-Saw_blade.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="294" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="130" data-file-height="255"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 150px;height: 294px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Saw_blade.svg/150px-Saw_blade.svg.png" data-width="150" data-height="294" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Saw_blade.svg/225px-Saw_blade.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Saw_blade.svg/300px-Saw_blade.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Diagram showing the teeth of a saw blade when looking front-on. The teeth protrude to the left and right, so that the saw cut (kerf) is wider than the blade width. (The term <i>set</i> describes how much the teeth protrude. The kerf may sometimes be wider than the set, depending on wobble and other factors.</figcaption></figure><p> The narrow channel left behind by the saw and (relatedly) the measure of its width is known as the <b>kerf</b>. As such, it also refers to the wasted material that is turned into sawdust, and becomes a factor in measurements when making cuts. For example, cutting an 8 foot (2.4 meter) piece of wood into 1 foot (30 cm) sections, with 1/8 inch (3 mm) kerf will produce only seven sections, plus one that is 7/8 inch (21 mm) too short when factoring in the kerf from all the cuts. The kerf depends on several factors: the width of the saw blade; the set of the blade's teeth; the amount of wobble created during cutting; and the amount of material pulled out of the sides of the cut. Although the term "kerf" is often used informally, to refer simply to the thickness of the saw blade, or to the width of the set, this can be misleading, because blades with the same thickness and set may create different kerfs. For example, a too-thin blade can cause excessive wobble, creating a wider-than-expected kerf. The kerf created by a given blade can be changed by adjusting the set of its teeth with a tool called a <a href="/wiki/Saw_tooth_setter" class="mw-redirect" title="Saw tooth setter">saw tooth setter</a>. The kerf left behind by a laser beam can be changed based on the laser's power and type of material being cut. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Toothed_saws">Toothed saws</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Toothed saws" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>A <b>toothed saw</b> or <b>tooth saw</b> has a hard toothed edge. The cut is made by placing the toothed edge against the material and moving it back and forth, or continuously forward. This force may be applied by <a href="/wiki/Hand_tool" title="Hand tool">hand</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Power_tool" title="Power tool">powered</a> by <a href="/wiki/Steam" title="Steam">steam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Water" title="Water">water</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electricity" title="Electricity">electricity</a> or other <a href="/wiki/Power_(physics)" title="Power (physics)">power</a> source. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Frequency_of_teeth">Frequency of teeth</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Frequency of teeth" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The most common measurement of the frequency of teeth on a saw blade is <i>point per inch</i> (25 <a href="/wiki/Millimetre" title="Millimetre">mm</a>). It is taken by setting the tip (or <b>point</b>) of one tooth at the zero point on a ruler, and then counting the number of points between the zero mark and the one-inch mark, inclusive (that is, including both the point at the zero mark and any point that lines up precisely with the one-inch mark). There is always one more point per inch than there are teeth per inch (e.g., a saw with 14 points per inch will have 13 teeth per inch, and a saw with 10 points per inch will have 9 teeth per inch). Some saws do not have the same number of teeth per inch throughout their entire length, but the vast majority do. Those with more teeth per inch at the toe are described as having incremental teeth, in order to make starting the saw cut easier.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An alternative measurement of the frequency of teeth on a saw blade is <i>teeth per inch</i>. Usually abbreviated TPI, as in, "a blade consisting of 18TPI." (cf. points per inch.) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Set">Set</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Set" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p><i>Set</i> is the degree to which the teeth are bent out sideways away from the blade, usually in both directions. In most modern serrated saws, the teeth are set, so that the kerf (the width of the cut) will be wider than the blade itself. This allows the blade to move through the cut easily without <i>binding</i> (getting stuck). The set may be different depending on the kind of cut the saw is intended to make. For example, a <a href="/wiki/Ripsaw" title="Ripsaw">ripsaw</a> has a tooth set that is similar to the angle used on a <a href="/wiki/Chisel" title="Chisel">chisel</a>, so that it rips or tears the material apart. A "flush-cutting saw" has no set on one side, so that the saw can be laid flat on a surface and cut along that surface without scratching it. The set of the blade's teeth can be adjusted with a tool called a <a href="/wiki/Saw_set" title="Saw set">saw set</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_toothed_saw_terms">Other toothed saw terms</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Other toothed saw terms" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul><li>Back: The edge opposite the toothed edge.</li> <li>Fleam: The angle of the faces of the teeth relative to a line perpendicular to the face of the saw.</li> <li>Gullet: The valley between the points of the teeth.</li> <li>Heel: The end closest to the handle.</li> <li>Rake: The <a href="/wiki/Rake_angle" title="Rake angle">angle</a> of the front face of the tooth relative to a line perpendicular to the length of the saw. Teeth designed to cut with the grain (<i>ripping</i>) are generally steeper than teeth designed to cut across the grain (<i>crosscutting</i>)</li> <li>Teeth: Sharp protrusions along the cutting side of the saw.</li> <li>Toe: The end farthest from the handle.</li> <li>Toothed edge: the edge with the teeth (on some saws both edges are toothed).</li> <li>Web: a narrow saw blade held in a frame, worked either by hand or in a machine, sometimes with teeth on both edges</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abrasive_saws">Abrasive saws</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Abrasive saws" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Abrasive_saw" title="Abrasive saw">Abrasive saw</a></div> <p>An <a href="/wiki/Abrasive_saw" title="Abrasive saw">abrasive saw</a> has a powered circular blade designed to cut through metal or ceramic. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roman_Sawblades.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Roman_Sawblades.jpg/220px-Roman_Sawblades.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1692" data-file-height="958"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 125px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Roman_Sawblades.jpg/220px-Roman_Sawblades.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="125" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Roman_Sawblades.jpg/330px-Roman_Sawblades.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Roman_Sawblades.jpg/440px-Roman_Sawblades.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Roman sawblades from <a href="/wiki/Vindonissa" title="Vindonissa">Vindonissa</a> approx. 3rd to 5th century AD</figcaption></figure> <p>Saws were at first serrated materials such as flint, obsidian, sea shells and shark teeth.<sup id="cite_ref-Saw_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saw-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Serrated tools with indications that they were used to cut wood were found at <a href="/wiki/Pech-de-l%27Az%C3%A9_cave" title="Pech-de-l'Azé cave">Pech-de-l'Azé cave</a>IV in France. These tools date to 90,000-30,000 years BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p> In ancient Egypt, open (unframed) <a href="/wiki/Japanese_saw" title="Japanese saw">pull saws</a> made of <a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">copper</a> are documented as early as the <a href="/wiki/Early_Dynastic_Period_of_Egypt" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Dynastic Period of Egypt">Early Dynastic Period</a>, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 3,100</span>–2,686 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many copper saws were found in tomb No. 3471 dating to the reign of <a href="/wiki/Djer" title="Djer">Djer</a> in the 31st century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Saws were used for cutting a variety of materials, including humans (<a href="/wiki/Death_by_sawing" title="Death by sawing">death by sawing</a>), and models of saws were used in many contexts throughout Egyptian history. Particularly useful are tomb wall illustrations of carpenters at work that show the sizes and use of different types of saws. Egyptian saws were at first serrated, hardened copper which may have cut on both pull and push strokes. As the saw developed, teeth were raked to cut only on the pull stroke and <a href="/wiki/Saw_set" title="Saw set">set</a> with the teeth projecting only on one side, rather than in the modern fashion with an alternating set. Saws were also made of bronze and later iron. In the <a href="/wiki/Iron_Age" title="Iron Age">Iron Age</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frame_saw" title="Frame saw">frame saws</a> were developed holding the thin blades in tension.<sup id="cite_ref-Saw_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saw-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The earliest known sawmill is the Roman <a href="/wiki/Hierapolis_sawmill" title="Hierapolis sawmill">Hierapolis sawmill</a> from the third century AD and was for sawing stone.</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cycladic_bronze_saw.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cycladic_bronze_saw.JPG/220px-Cycladic_bronze_saw.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cycladic_bronze_saw.JPG/220px-Cycladic_bronze_saw.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cycladic_bronze_saw.JPG/330px-Cycladic_bronze_saw.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Cycladic_bronze_saw.JPG/440px-Cycladic_bronze_saw.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Bronze-age saw blade from <a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_(prehistoric_city)" title="Akrotiri (prehistoric city)">Akrotiri</a>, late Cycladic period c. 17th century BC</figcaption></figure> <p>According to Chinese legend, the saw was invented by <a href="/wiki/Lu_Ban" title="Lu Ban">Lu Ban</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/Greek_mythology" title="Greek mythology">Greek mythology</a>, as recounted by <a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Talos_(inventor)" title="Talos (inventor)">Talos</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Daedalus#Daedalus_and_his_nephew" title="Daedalus">nephew of Daedalus</a>, invented the saw. In archeological reality, saws date back to prehistory and most probably evolved from <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> <a href="/wiki/Stone_tools" class="mw-redirect" title="Stone tools">stone</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bone_tools" class="mw-redirect" title="Bone tools">bone tools</a>. "[T]he identities of the <a href="/wiki/Axe" title="Axe">axe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Adze" title="Adze">adz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chisel" title="Chisel">chisel</a>, and saw were clearly established more than 4,000 years ago."<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Manufacture_of_saws_by_hand">Manufacture of saws by hand</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Manufacture of saws by hand" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>Once mankind had learned how to use iron, it became the preferred material for saw blades of all kinds; some cultures learned how to harden the surface ("case hardening" or "steeling"), prolonging the blade's life and sharpness. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">Steel</a>, made of iron with moderate carbon content and hardened by quenching hot steel in water, was used as early as 1200 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the end of the 17th century European manufacture centred on Germany, (the Bergisches Land) in London, and the Midlands of England. Most blades were made of steel (iron carbonised and re-forged by different methods).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the mid 18th century a superior form of completely melted steel ("crucible cast") began to be made in Sheffield, England, and this rapidly became the preferred material, due to its hardness, ductility, springiness and ability to take a fine polish.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A small saw industry survived in London and Birmingham, but by the 1820s the industry was growing rapidly and increasingly concentrated in Sheffield, which remained the largest centre of production, with over 50% of the nation's saw makers.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The US industry began to overtake it in the last decades of the century, due to superior mechanisation, better marketing, a large domestic market, and the imposition of high tariffs on imports.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Highly productive industries continued in Germany and France. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saw_grinding_in_Sheffield;_interior_view._Wood_engraving._Wellcome_V0023646.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Saw_grinding_in_Sheffield%3B_interior_view._Wood_engraving._Wellcome_V0023646.jpg/220px-Saw_grinding_in_Sheffield%3B_interior_view._Wood_engraving._Wellcome_V0023646.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3150" data-file-height="2216"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 155px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Saw_grinding_in_Sheffield%3B_interior_view._Wood_engraving._Wellcome_V0023646.jpg/220px-Saw_grinding_in_Sheffield%3B_interior_view._Wood_engraving._Wellcome_V0023646.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="155" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Saw_grinding_in_Sheffield%3B_interior_view._Wood_engraving._Wellcome_V0023646.jpg/330px-Saw_grinding_in_Sheffield%3B_interior_view._Wood_engraving._Wellcome_V0023646.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Saw_grinding_in_Sheffield%3B_interior_view._Wood_engraving._Wellcome_V0023646.jpg/440px-Saw_grinding_in_Sheffield%3B_interior_view._Wood_engraving._Wellcome_V0023646.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Saw grinding in Sheffield, 1860</figcaption></figure> <p>Early European saws were made from a heated sheet of iron or steel, produced by flattening by several men simultaneously hammering on an anvil.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After cooling, the teeth were punched out one at a time with a die, the size varying with the size of the saw. The teeth were sharpened with a triangular file of appropriate size, and set with a hammer or a wrest.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the mid 18th century rolling the metal was usual, the power for the rolls being supplied first by water, and increasingly by the early 19th century by steam engines. The industry gradually mechanized all the processes, including the important grinding the saw plate "thin to the back" by a fraction of an inch, which helped the saw to pass through the kerf without binding.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The use of steel added the need to harden and temper the saw plate, to grind it flat, to smith it by hand hammering and ensure the springiness and resistance to bending deformity, and finally to polish it.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most hand saws are today entirely made without human intervention, with the steel plate supplied ready rolled to thickness and tensioned before being cut to shape by laser. The teeth are shaped and sharpened by grinding and are flame hardened to obviate (and actually prevent) sharpening once they have become blunt. A large measure of hand finishing remains to this day for quality saws by the very few specialist makers reproducing the 19th century designs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pit_saws">Pit saws</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Pit saws" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Whipsaw" title="Whipsaw">Whipsaw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saw_pit" title="Saw pit">Saw pit</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Two-man_saw" title="Two-man saw">Two-man saw</a></div> <p>A <a href="/wiki/Pit_saw" class="mw-redirect" title="Pit saw">pit saw</a> was a two-man <a href="/wiki/Ripsaw" title="Ripsaw">ripsaw</a>. In parts of early colonial North America, it was one of the principal tools used in shipyards and other industries where water-powered <a href="/wiki/Sawmill" title="Sawmill">sawmills</a> were not available. It was so-named because it was typically operated over a <a href="/wiki/Saw_pit" title="Saw pit">saw pit</a>, either at ground level or on trestles across which logs that were to be cut into boards. The pit saw was "a strong steel cutting-plate, of great breadth, with large teeth, highly polished and thoroughly wrought, some eight or ten feet in length"<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with either a handle on each end or a <a href="/wiki/Frame_saw" title="Frame saw">frame saw</a>. A pit-saw was also sometimes known as a <a href="/wiki/Whipsaw" title="Whipsaw">whipsaw</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It took 2-4 people to operate. A "pit-man" stood in the pit, a "top-man" stood outside the pit, and they worked together to make cuts, guide the saw, and raise it.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pit-saw workers were among the most highly paid laborers in early colonial North America. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Types_of_saws">Types of saws</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Types of saws" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hand_saws">Hand saws</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Hand saws" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hand_saw" title="Hand saw">Hand saw</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mendel_I_039_r.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Mendel_I_039_r.jpg/160px-Mendel_I_039_r.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="218" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="705" data-file-height="961"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 160px;height: 218px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Mendel_I_039_r.jpg/160px-Mendel_I_039_r.jpg" data-width="160" data-height="218" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Mendel_I_039_r.jpg/240px-Mendel_I_039_r.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Mendel_I_039_r.jpg/320px-Mendel_I_039_r.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Rip sawing <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1425</span> with a frame or sash saw on trestles rather than over a <a href="/wiki/Saw_pit" title="Saw pit">saw pit</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Hand saws typically have a relatively thick blade to make them stiff enough to cut through material. (The pull stroke also reduces the amount of stiffness required.) Thin-bladed handsaws are made stiff enough either by holding them in tension in a frame, or by backing them with a folded strip of steel (formerly iron) or brass (on account of which the latter are called "back saws.") Some examples of hand saws are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Artillery_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Artillery saw (page does not exist)">Artillery saw</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chain_saw" class="mw-redirect" title="Chain saw">Chain saw</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Portable_link_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Portable link saw (page does not exist)">Portable link saw</a>: a flexible chain saw up to 122 cm (four feet) long, supplied to the military for clearing tree branches for gun sighting;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Butcher%27s_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Butcher's saw (page does not exist)">Butcher's saw</a>: for cutting bone; many different designs were common, including a large one for two men, known in the USA as a beef-splitter; most were frame saws, some backsaws;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crosscut_saw" title="Crosscut saw">Crosscut saw</a>: for cutting wood perpendicular to the grain;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Docking_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Docking saw (page does not exist)">Docking saw</a>: a large, heavy saw with an unbreakable metal handle of unique pattern, used for rough work</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Farmer%27s/Miner%27s_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Farmer's/Miner's saw (page does not exist)">Farmer's/Miner's saw</a>: a strong saw with coarse teeth;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Felloe_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Felloe saw (page does not exist)">Felloe saw</a>;: the narrowest-bladed variety of pit saw, up to 213 cm (7 feet) long and able to work the sharp curves of cart wheel felloes; a slightly wider blade, equally long, was called a stave saw, for cutting the staves for wooden casks;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Floorboard/flooring_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Floorboard/flooring saw (page does not exist)">Floorboard/flooring saw</a>: a small saw, rarely with a back, and usually with the teeth continued onto the back at the toe for a short distance; used by house carpenters for cutting across a floor board without damaging its neighbour;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grafting/grafter/table_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grafting/grafter/table saw (page does not exist)">Grafting/grafter/table saw</a>; a hand saw with a tapering narrow blade from 15 to 76 cm (6 to 30 inches) long; the origins of the terms are obscure<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ice_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ice saw (page does not exist)">Ice saw</a>: either of pit saw design without a bottom tiller, or a large handsaw, always with very coarse teeth, for harvesting ice to be used away from source, or stored for use in warmer weather;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_saw" title="Japanese saw">Japanese saw</a> or pull saw: a thin-bladed saw that cuts on the pull stroke, and with teeth of different design to European or American traditional forms;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keyhole_saw" title="Keyhole saw">Keyhole saw</a> or compass saw: a narrow-bladed saw, sharply tapered thin to the back to cut round curves, with one end fixed in a handle;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_saw" title="Musical saw">Musical saw</a>, a hand saw, possibly with the teeth filed off, used as a musical instrument.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nest_of_saws&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nest of saws (page does not exist)">Nest of saws</a>: three or four interchangeable blades fitted to a handle with screws or quick-release nuts;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=One-man_cross_cut_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="One-man cross cut saw (page does not exist)">One-man cross cut saw</a>: a coarse-toothed saw of 76 to 152 cm (30-60 inches) length for rough or green timber; a second, turned, handle could be added at the heel or the toe for a second operator;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pad_saw" class="mw-redirect" title="Pad saw">Pad saw</a>: a short narrow blade held in a wooden or metal handle (the pad);</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_saw" title="Panel saw">Panel saw</a>: a lighter variety of handsaw, usually less than 61 cm (24 inches) long and having finer teeth;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plywood_saw" title="Plywood saw">Plywood saw</a>: a fine-toothed saw (to reduce tearing), for cutting plywood</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polesaw" title="Polesaw">Polesaw</a>: a saw blade attached to a long handle</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pruning_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pruning saw (page does not exist)">Pruning saw</a>: the commonest variety has a 30-71 cm (12-28 inch) blade, toothed on both edges, one tooth pattern being considerably coarser than the other;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripsaw" title="Ripsaw">Ripsaw</a>: for cutting wood along the grain;</li> <li>Rule saw or combination saw: a handsaw with a measuring scale along the back and a handle making a 90° <a href="/wiki/Square_(tool)" title="Square (tool)">square</a> with the scaled edge;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Salt_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salt saw (page does not exist)">Salt saw</a>: a short hand saw with a non-corroding zinc or copper blade, used for cutting a block of salt at a time when it was supplied to large kitchens in that form;</li> <li>Turkish saw or monkey saw: a small saw with a parallel-sided blade, designed to cut on the pull stroke;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-man_saw" title="Two-man saw">Two-man saw</a>: a general term for a large <a href="/wiki/Crosscut_saw" title="Crosscut saw">crosscut saw</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ripsaw" title="Ripsaw">ripsaw</a> for cutting large logs or trees;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneer_saw" title="Veneer saw">Veneer saw</a>: a two-edged saw with fine teeth for cutting veneer;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wire_saw" title="Wire saw">Wire saw</a>: a toothed or coarse cable or wire wrapped around the material and pulled back and forth.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Back_saws">Back saws</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Back saws" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Backsaw" title="Backsaw">Backsaw</a> and <a href="/wiki/Japanese_saw" title="Japanese saw">Japanese saw</a></div> <p>"Back saws" which have a thin blade backed with steel or <a href="/wiki/Brass" title="Brass">brass</a> to maintain rigidity, are a subset of hand saws. Back saws have different names depending on the length of the blade; "tenon saw" (from use in making <a href="/wiki/Mortise_and_tenon" title="Mortise and tenon">mortise and tenon</a> joints) is often used as a generic name for all the sizes of woodworking backsaw. Some examples are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bead_saw/gent%27s_saw/jeweller%27s_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bead saw/gent's saw/jeweller's saw (page does not exist)">Bead saw/gent's saw/jeweller's saw</a>: a small backsaw with a turned wooden handle;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blitz_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blitz saw (page does not exist)">Blitz saw</a>: a small backsaw, for cutting wood or metal, with a hook at the toe for the thumb of the non-dominant hand;</li> <li>Carcase saw: a term used until the 20th century for backsaws with 10–14 in (25–36 cm) long blades;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dovetail_saw" class="mw-redirect" title="Dovetail saw">Dovetail saw</a>: a backsaw with a blade of 6–10 in (15–25 cm) length, for cutting intricate joints in cabinet making work;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Electrician%27s_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Electrician's saw (page does not exist)">Electrician's saw</a>: a very small backsaw used in the early 20th century on the wooden capping and casing in which electric wiring was run;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flush-cutting_saw/offset_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flush-cutting saw/offset saw (page does not exist)">Flush-cutting saw/offset saw</a>: a backsaw with a flat side and a handle offset toward the opposite side, usually reversible, for cutting flush to a surface such as a floor;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mitre-box_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mitre-box saw (page does not exist)">Mitre-box saw</a>: a saw with a blade 18–34 in (46–86 cm) long, held in an adjustable frame (the <a href="/wiki/Mitre_box" title="Mitre box">mitre box</a>) for making accurate crosscuts and <a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">mitres</a> in a workplace;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sash_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sash saw (page does not exist)">Sash saw</a>: a backsaw of blade length 14–16 in (36–41 cm).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Frame_saws">Frame saws</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Frame saws" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>A class of saws for cutting all types of material; they may be small or large and the frame may be wood or metal. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bow_saw" title="Bow saw">Bow saw</a>, turning saw, or <a href="/wiki/Buck_saw" class="mw-redirect" title="Buck saw">buck saw</a>: a saw with a narrow blade held in tension in a frame; the blade can usually be rotated and may be toothed on both edges; it may be a rip or a crosscut, and was the preferred form of hand saw for continental European woodworkers until superseded by machines;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coping_saw" title="Coping saw">Coping saw</a>: a saw with a very narrow blade held in a metal frame in which it can usually be rotated, for cutting wood patterns;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Felloe_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Felloe saw (page does not exist)">Felloe saw</a>; a pit saw with a narrow tapering blade for sawing out the felloes of wooden cart wheels</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fretsaw" title="Fretsaw">Fretsaw</a>: a saw with a very narrow blade which can be rotated, held in a deep metal frame, for cutting intricate wood patterns such as <a href="/wiki/Jigsaw_puzzles" class="mw-redirect" title="Jigsaw puzzles">jigsaw puzzles</a>;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Girder_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Girder saw (page does not exist)">Girder saw</a>: a large hack saw with a deep frame;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hacksaw" title="Hacksaw">Hacksaw</a>/bow saw for iron: a fine-toothed blade held in a frame, for cutting metal and other hard materials;</li> <li>Pit saw/sash saw/<a href="/w/index.php?title=Whip_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Whip saw (page does not exist)">whip saw</a>: large wooden-framed saws for converting timber to lumber, with blades of various widths and lengths up to 305 cm (10 feet); the timber is supported over a pit or raised on trestles; other designs are open-bladed;</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stave_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stave saw (page does not exist)">Stave saw</a>: a narrow tapering-bladed pit saw for sawing out staves for wooden casks;</li> <li>Surgeon's/surgical saw/<a href="/wiki/Bone_cutter" title="Bone cutter">Bone cutter</a>: for cutting bone during surgical procedures; some designs are framed, others have an open blade with a characteristic shape of the toe.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mechanically_powered_saws">Mechanically powered saws</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Mechanically powered saws" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Circular-blade_saws">Circular-blade saws</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Circular-blade saws" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wood-cutting_saw_at_Maine_State_Museum_in_Augusta_IMG_1985.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Wood-cutting_saw_at_Maine_State_Museum_in_Augusta_IMG_1985.JPG/200px-Wood-cutting_saw_at_Maine_State_Museum_in_Augusta_IMG_1985.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 133px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Wood-cutting_saw_at_Maine_State_Museum_in_Augusta_IMG_1985.JPG/200px-Wood-cutting_saw_at_Maine_State_Museum_in_Augusta_IMG_1985.JPG" data-width="200" data-height="133" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Wood-cutting_saw_at_Maine_State_Museum_in_Augusta_IMG_1985.JPG/300px-Wood-cutting_saw_at_Maine_State_Museum_in_Augusta_IMG_1985.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Wood-cutting_saw_at_Maine_State_Museum_in_Augusta_IMG_1985.JPG/400px-Wood-cutting_saw_at_Maine_State_Museum_in_Augusta_IMG_1985.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Circular wood-cutting saw at <a href="/wiki/Maine_State_Museum" title="Maine State Museum">Maine State Museum</a> in the capital city of <a href="/wiki/Augusta,_Maine" title="Augusta, Maine">Augusta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maine" title="Maine">Maine</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kitchen-wood_saw,_Bangor,_ME_IMG_2582.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Kitchen-wood_saw%2C_Bangor%2C_ME_IMG_2582.JPG/200px-Kitchen-wood_saw%2C_Bangor%2C_ME_IMG_2582.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 200px;height: 133px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Kitchen-wood_saw%2C_Bangor%2C_ME_IMG_2582.JPG/200px-Kitchen-wood_saw%2C_Bangor%2C_ME_IMG_2582.JPG" data-width="200" data-height="133" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Kitchen-wood_saw%2C_Bangor%2C_ME_IMG_2582.JPG/300px-Kitchen-wood_saw%2C_Bangor%2C_ME_IMG_2582.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Kitchen-wood_saw%2C_Bangor%2C_ME_IMG_2582.JPG/400px-Kitchen-wood_saw%2C_Bangor%2C_ME_IMG_2582.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>This particular circular saw, which cut wood into segments to fit a wood-burning kitchen stove, is displayed at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cole_Land_Transportation_Museum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cole Land Transportation Museum (page does not exist)">Cole Land Transportation Museum</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Bangor,_Maine" title="Bangor, Maine">Bangor</a>, Maine.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sega_idraulica_Leonardo_-_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Sega_idraulica_Leonardo_-_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg/220px-Sega_idraulica_Leonardo_-_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1980" data-file-height="1318"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 146px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Sega_idraulica_Leonardo_-_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg/220px-Sega_idraulica_Leonardo_-_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="146" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Sega_idraulica_Leonardo_-_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg/330px-Sega_idraulica_Leonardo_-_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Sega_idraulica_Leonardo_-_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg/440px-Sega_idraulica_Leonardo_-_Museo_scienza_e_tecnologia_Milano.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Reconstruction of the hydraulic saw by <a href="/wiki/Leonardo_da_Vinci" title="Leonardo da Vinci">Leonardo da Vinci</a> (<i>Codice Atlantico foglio 1078</i>) exposed at the <a href="/wiki/Museo_Nazionale_della_Scienza_e_della_Tecnologia_%22Leonardo_da_Vinci%22" class="mw-redirect" title='Museo Nazionale della Scienza e della Tecnologia "Leonardo da Vinci"'>Museo nazionale della scienza e della tecnologia Leonardo da Vinci</a>, Milan.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circular_saw" title="Circular saw">Circular saw</a>: a saw with a circular blade which spins. Circular saws can be large for use in a mill or hand held up to 24" blades and different designs cut almost any kind of material including wood, stone, brick, plastic, etc.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_saw" title="Table saw">Table saw</a>: a saw with a circular blade rising through a slot in a table. If it has a direct-drive blade small enough to set on a workbench, it is called a "workbench" or "jobsite" saw. If set on steel legs, it is called a "contractor's saw." A heavier, more precise and powerful version, driven by several belts, with an enclosed base stand, is called a "cabinet saw." A newer version, combining the lighter-weight mechanism of a contractor's saw with the enclosed base stand of a cabinet saw, is called a "hybrid saw."</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radial_arm_saw" title="Radial arm saw">Radial arm saw</a>: a versatile machine, mainly for cross-cutting. The blade is pulled on a guide arm through a piece of wood that is held stationary on the saw's table.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotary_saw" title="Rotary saw">Rotary saw</a> or "spiral-cut saw" or "RotoZip": for making accurate cuts, without using a pilot hole, in wallboard, plywood, and other thin materials.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miter_saw#Power_miter_saw" title="Miter saw">Electric miter saw</a> or "chop saw," or "cut-off saw" or "power miter box": for making accurate cross cuts and miter cuts. The basic version has a circular blade fixed at a 90° angle to the vertical. A "compound miter saw" has a blade that can be adjusted to other angles. A "sliding compound miter saw" has a blade that can be pulled through the work, in an action similar to that of a radial-arm saw, which provides more capacity for cutting wider workpieces.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concrete_saw" title="Concrete saw">Concrete saw</a>: (usually powered by an internal combustion engine and fitted with a Diamond Blade) for cutting concrete or asphalt pavement.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pendulum_saw" title="Pendulum saw">Pendulum saw</a> or "<a href="/wiki/Swing_saw" class="mw-redirect" title="Swing saw">swing saw</a>": a saw hung on a swinging arm, for the rough <a href="/wiki/Crosscut_saw" title="Crosscut saw">cross cutting</a> of <a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">wood</a> in a <a href="/wiki/Sawmill" title="Sawmill">sawmill</a> and for cutting ice out of a <a href="/wiki/Freezing" title="Freezing">frozen</a> <a href="/wiki/River" title="River">river</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abrasive_saw" title="Abrasive saw">Abrasive saw</a>: a circular or reciprocating saw-like tool with an abrasive disc rather than a toothed blade, commonly used for cutting very hard materials. As it does not have regularly shaped edges the abrasive saw is not a saw in technical terms.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hole_saw" title="Hole saw">Hole saw</a>: ring-shaped saw to attach to a power drill, used for cutting a circular hole in material.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Reciprocating_blade_saws">Reciprocating blade saws</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Reciprocating blade saws" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dragsaw" title="Dragsaw">Dragsaw</a>: for <a href="/wiki/Log_bucking" title="Log bucking">bucking logs</a> (used before the invention of the chainsaw).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frame_saw" title="Frame saw">Frame saw</a> or sash saw: A thin bladed rip-saw held in tension by a frame used both manually and in sawmills. Some <a href="/wiki/Whipsaw" title="Whipsaw">whipsaws</a> are frame saws and some have a heavy blade which does not need a frame called a mulay or muley saw.</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ice_saw&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ice saw (page does not exist)">Ice saw</a>: for <a href="/wiki/Ice_cutting" title="Ice cutting">ice cutting</a>. Looks like a mulay saw but sharpened as a cross-cut saw.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jigsaw_(tool)" title="Jigsaw (tool)">Jigsaw</a> or "saber saw" (US): narrow-bladed saw, for cutting irregular shapes. (Also an old term for what is now more commonly called a "scroll saw.")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_hacksaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Power hacksaw">Power hacksaw</a> or <a href="/wiki/Electric_hacksaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric hacksaw">electric hacksaw</a>: a saw for cutting metal, with a frame like a normal hacksaw.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reciprocating_saw" title="Reciprocating saw">Reciprocating saw</a> or "<a href="/wiki/Sabre_saw" title="Sabre saw">sabre saw</a>" (UK and Australia): a saw with an "in-and-out" or "up-and-down" action similar to a jigsaw, but larger and more powerful, and using a longer stroke with the blade parallel to the barrel. Hand-held versions, sometimes powered by compressed air, are for demolition work or for cutting pipe.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scroll_saw" title="Scroll saw">Scroll saw</a>: for making intricate curved cuts ("scrolls").</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sternal_saw" title="Sternal saw">Sternal saw</a>: for cutting through a patient's sternum during surgery.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Continuous_band">Continuous band</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Continuous band" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Band_saw" class="mw-redirect" title="Band saw">Band saw</a>: a ripsaw on a <a href="/wiki/Engine" title="Engine">motor</a>-driven continuous band. <a href="/wiki/Portable_sawmill" title="Portable sawmill">Portable sawmills</a> are typically band saw mills.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Chainsaws">Chainsaws</h4><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Chainsaws" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chainsaw" title="Chainsaw">Chainsaw</a>: an <a href="/wiki/Engine" title="Engine">engine</a>-driven saw with teeth on a chain normally used as a cross-cut saw.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chainsaw_mill" title="Chainsaw mill">Chainsaw mill</a>: a chainsaw with a special <a href="/wiki/Saw_chain" title="Saw chain">saw chain</a> and guide system for use as a rip-saw.</li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Types_of_blades_and_blade_cuts">Types of blades and blade cuts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Types of blades and blade cuts" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <p>Most blade teeth are made either of tool steel or carbide. Carbide is harder and holds a sharp edge much longer. </p> <dl><dt>Band saw blade</dt> <dd>A long band welded into a circle, with teeth on one side. Compared to a circular-saw blade, it produces less waste because it is thinner, dissipates heat better because it is longer (so there is more blade to do the cutting, and is usually run at a slower speed.</dd> <dt>Crosscut</dt> <dd>In <a href="/wiki/Woodworking" title="Woodworking">woodworking</a>, a cut made at (or close to) a right angle to the direction of the <a href="/wiki/Wood_grain" title="Wood grain">wood grain</a> of the workpiece. A <a href="/wiki/Crosscut_saw" title="Crosscut saw">crosscut saw</a> is used to make this type of cut.</dd> <dt>Rip cut</dt> <dd>In woodworking, a cut made parallel to the direction of the grain of the workpiece. A <a href="/wiki/Ripsaw" title="Ripsaw">ripsaw</a> is used to make this type of cut.</dd> <dt>Plytooth blade</dt> <dd>A circular saw blade with many small teeth, designed for cutting <a href="/wiki/Plywood" title="Plywood">plywood</a> with minimal splintering.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Dado_blade" class="mw-redirect" title="Dado blade">Dado blade</a></dt> <dd>A special type of circular saw blade used for making wide-grooved cuts in wood so that the edge of another piece of wood will fit into the groove to make a joint. Some dado blades can be adjusted to make different-width grooves. A "stacked" dado blade, consisting of chipper blades between two dado blades, can make different-width grooves by adding or removing chipper blades. An "adjustable" dado blade has a movable locking cam mechanism to adjust the degree to which the blade wobbles sideways, allowing continuously variable groove widths from the lower to upper design limits of the dado.</dd> <dt>Strobe saw blade</dt> <dd>A circular saw blade with special <a href="/wiki/Raker_(saw)" class="mw-redirect" title="Raker (saw)">rakers</a>/cutters to easily saw through green or uncured wood that tends to jam other kinds of saw blades.</dd></dl> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Materials_used_for_saws">Materials used for saws</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Materials used for saws" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <p>There are several materials used in saws, with each of its own specifications. </p> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Brass" title="Brass">Brass</a></dt> <dd>Used only for the reinforcing folded strip along the back of backsaws, and to make the screws that in earlier times held the blade to the handle.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">Iron</a></dt> <dd>Used for blades and for the reinforcing strip on cheaper backsaws until superseded by steel.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Zinc" title="Zinc">Zinc</a></dt> <dd>Used only for saws made to cut blocks of salt, as formerly used in kitchens</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Copper" title="Copper">Copper</a></dt> <dd>Used as an alternative to zinc for salt-cutting saws</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Steel" title="Steel">Steel</a></dt> <dd>Used in almost every existing kind of saw. Because steel is cheap, easy to shape, and very strong, it has the right properties for most kind of saws.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Diamond" title="Diamond">Diamond</a></dt> <dd>Fixed onto the saw blade's base to form <a href="/wiki/Diamond_blade" title="Diamond blade">diamond saw blades</a>. As diamond is a <a href="/wiki/Superhard_material" title="Superhard material">superhard material</a>, diamond saw blades can be used to cut hard brittle or abrasive materials, for example, stone, concrete, asphalt, bricks, ceramics, glass, semiconductor and gem stone. There are many methods used to fix the diamonds onto the blades' base and there are various kinds of diamond saw blades for different purposes.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/High-speed_steel" title="High-speed steel">High-speed steel</a> (HSS)</dt> <dd>The whole saw blade is made of High-Speed Steel (HSS). HSS saw blades are mainly used to cut steel, copper, aluminum and other metal materials. If high-strength steels (e.g., stainless steel) are to be cut, the blades made of cobalt HSS (e.g. M35, M42) should be used.</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Tungsten_carbide" title="Tungsten carbide">Tungsten carbide</a></dt> <dd>Normally, there are two ways to use tungsten carbide to make saw blades: <dl><dt>Carbide-tipped saw blades</dt> <dd>The saw blade's teeth are tipped (via welding) with small pieces of sharp tungsten carbide block. This type of blade is also called TCT (Tungsten Carbide-Tipped) saw blade. Carbide-tipped saw blades are widely used to cut wood, plywood, laminated board, plastic, glass, aluminum and some other metals.</dd> <dt>Solid-carbide saw blades</dt> <dd>The whole saw blade is made of tungsten carbide. Comparing with HSS saw blades, solid-carbide saw blades have higher hardness under high temperatures, and are more durable, but they also have a lower toughness.</dd></dl></dd></dl> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Uses" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_man_is_recording_sound_effects,_1930s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/A_man_is_recording_sound_effects%2C_1930s.jpg/220px-A_man_is_recording_sound_effects%2C_1930s.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="6928" data-file-height="4864"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 154px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/A_man_is_recording_sound_effects%2C_1930s.jpg/220px-A_man_is_recording_sound_effects%2C_1930s.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="154" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/A_man_is_recording_sound_effects%2C_1930s.jpg/330px-A_man_is_recording_sound_effects%2C_1930s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/A_man_is_recording_sound_effects%2C_1930s.jpg/440px-A_man_is_recording_sound_effects%2C_1930s.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>A man recording the sound of a saw for <a href="/wiki/Sound_effect" title="Sound effect">sound effect</a> purposes in the 1930s.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Saws are commonly used for cutting hard materials. They are used extensively in forestry, construction, demolition, medicine, and hunting.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_saw" title="Musical saw">Musical saws</a> are used as instruments to make music.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chainsaw_carving" title="Chainsaw carving">Chainsaw carving</a> is a flourishing modern art form. Special saws have been developed for the purpose.</li> <li>The production of <a href="/wiki/Lumber" title="Lumber">lumber</a>, lengths of squared wood for use in construction, begins with the felling of trees and the transportation of the logs to a <a href="/wiki/Sawmill" title="Sawmill">sawmill</a>. <ul><li>Plainsawing: <a href="/wiki/Lumber" title="Lumber">Lumber</a> that will be used in structures is typically plainsawn (also called flatsawn), a method of dividing the log that produces the maximum yield of useful pieces and therefore the greatest economy.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarter_sawing" title="Quarter sawing">Quarter sawing</a>: This sawing method produces edge-grain or vertical grain <a href="/wiki/Lumber" title="Lumber">lumber</a>, in which annual growth rings run more consistently perpendicular to the pieces' wider faces.</li></ul></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carbide_saw" title="Carbide saw">Carbide saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_tools" class="mw-redirect" title="Diamond tools">Diamond tools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire-saw" title="Fire-saw">Fire-saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_saw" title="Japanese saw">Japanese saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saw_chain" title="Saw chain">Saw chain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saw_pit" title="Saw pit">Saw pit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawmill" title="Sawmill">Sawmill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawgrass_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Sawgrass (disambiguation)">Sawgrass (disambiguation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharpening" title="Sharpening">Sharpening</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-man_saw" title="Two-man saw">Two-man saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watersaw" class="mw-redirect" title="Watersaw">Watersaw</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barley, Simon "British Saws and Saw Makers from c1660, 2014</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Saw-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Saw_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Saw_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130626031950/http://toolemera.com/bkpdf/Story%20of%20the%20Saw(2).pdf">"P. d'A. Jones and E. N. Simons, "Story of the Saw" Spear and Jackson Limited 1760-1960"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://toolemera.com/bkpdf/Story%20of%20the%20Saw(2).pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on June 26, 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=P.+d%27A.+Jones+and+E.+N.+Simons%2C+%22Story+of+the+Saw%22+Spear+and+Jackson+Limited+1760-1960&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftoolemera.com%2Fbkpdf%2FStory%2520of%2520the%2520Saw%282%29.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaw" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1007823303"><i>The middle paleolithic site of Pech de l'Azé IV</i></a>. Harold L. Dibble, Shannon J. P. McPherron, Paul Goldberg, Dennis M. Sandgathe. Cham, Switzerland. 2018. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-319-57524-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-319-57524-7"><bdi>978-3-319-57524-7</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/1007823303">1007823303</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+middle+paleolithic+site+of+Pech+de+l%27Az%C3%A9+IV&rft.place=Cham%2C+Switzerland&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F1007823303&rft.isbn=978-3-319-57524-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F1007823303&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaw" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>) CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarrisLucas.2012" class="citation book cs1">Harris, J.; Lucas., A. (2012). <i>Ancient Egyptian Materials and Industries</i>. Dover. p. 449. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780486144948" title="Special:BookSources/9780486144948"><bdi>9780486144948</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Egyptian+Materials+and+Industries&rft.pages=449&rft.pub=Dover&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=9780486144948&rft.aulast=Harris&rft.aufirst=J.&rft.au=Lucas.%2C+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaw" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/firstdynastysaqqara.htm">"The 1st Dynasty Tombs of Saqqara in Egypt"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160225093028/http://www.touregypt.net/featurestories/firstdynastysaqqara.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 2016-02-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2016-01-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+1st+Dynasty+Tombs+of+Saqqara+in+Egypt&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.touregypt.net%2Ffeaturestories%2Ffirstdynastysaqqara.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaw" class="Z3988"></span> The 1st Dynasty Tombs of Saqqara in Egypt by John Watson</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.cultural-china.com/en/38History6890.html">Lu Ban and The Invention of the Saw</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110204173736/http://history.cultural-china.com/en/38History6890.html">Archived</a> 2011-02-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> History Anecdote at Cultural China website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Ovid" title="Ovid">Ovid</a> <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/latin/ovid/trans/Metamorph8.htm">Metamorphoses Bk VIII:236-259: The death of Talos</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110217152723/http://etext.lib.virginia.edu/latin/ovid/trans/Metamorph8.htm">Archived</a> 2011-02-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></i> <a href="/w/index.php?title=A._S._Kline&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A. S. Kline (page does not exist)">A. S. Kline</a> translation, Electronic Text Center at University of Virginia Library</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Richard S. Hartenberg, Joseph A. McGeough <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/254115/hand-tool/39205/Neolithic-tools">Neolithic Hand Tools</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080906183055/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/254115/hand-tool/39205/Neolithic-tools">Archived</a> 2008-09-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at Encyclopædia Britannica Online</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jones & Simons, Story of the Saw, p15</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Moxon, J: Mechanick Exercises, p95-99</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barley, Simon, British Saws and Saw Makers from c1660, p7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barley, Simon, British Saws and Saw Makers from c1660, p42</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tweedale, G., Sheffield Steel and America, ch 11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barley, Simon, British Saws and Saw Makers from c1660, p 11.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Moxon, J: Mechanick Exercises, p 95.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barley, Simon, British Saws and Saw Makers from c1660, pp. 5-22.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Upham" title="Charles W. Upham">Charles W. Upham</a> <i>Salem Witchcraft with an account of Salem Village and a History of Opinions on Witchcraft and Kindred Subjects</i>. Frederick Unger, New York, 1978 (Reprint), 2 vols., vol. 1, p 191</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pilgrimhall.org/tools.htm">Glossary of Tools</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090926042320/http://www.pilgrimhall.org/tools.htm">Archived</a> 2009-09-26 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> at (American) Pilgrim Hall Museum website</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Massingham, H. J., and Thomas Hennell. Country relics; an account of some old tools and properties once belonging to English craftsmen and husbandmen saved from destruction and now described with their users and their stories. Cambridge, Eng.: University Press, 1939.reprint 2011 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781107600706" title="Special:BookSources/9781107600706">9781107600706</a> books.google.com/books?id=6_auYCccqoQC&pg</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Salaman, Dictionary, p420 and 433</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.colemuseum.org/">"Cole Land Transportation Museum - Cole Museum"</a>. <i>www.colemuseum.org</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.colemuseum.org&rft.atitle=Cole+Land+Transportation+Museum+-+Cole+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.colemuseum.org%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaw" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p>Salaman, R A, Dictionary of Woodworking Tools, revised edition 1989 </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <ul><li>Naylor, Andrew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ncsu.edu/bioresources/BioRes_08/BioRes_08_2_3122_Naylor_Hackney_Review_Wood_Machining_Focus_Sawing_3847.pdf"><i>A review of wood machining literature with a special focus on sawing</i></a>. BioRes, April 2013</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sawinhistoryaco00pagoog"><i>The Saw in History</i></a>. Philadelphia: Henry Disston & Sons. 1915<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 15,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Saw+in+History&rft.place=Philadelphia&rft.pub=Henry+Disston+%26+Sons&rft.date=1915&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsawinhistoryaco00pagoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ASaw" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(11)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-11 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-11"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 40px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="40" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Look up <i><b><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/saw" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Special:Search/saw">saw</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-left plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 30px;height: 40px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="30" data-height="40" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Saws" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Saws">Saws</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saw&oldid=1241362143">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saw&oldid=1241362143</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Saw&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="JohnFromPinckney" data-user-gender="unknown" data-timestamp="1724180375"> <span>Last edited on 20 August 2024, at 18:59</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saag" title="Saag – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Saag" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="منشار – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="منشار" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Racheta" title="Racheta – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Racheta" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-atj mw-list-item"><a href="https://atj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kickipotcikan" title="Kickipotcikan – Atikamekw" lang="atj" hreflang="atj" data-title="Kickipotcikan" data-language-autonym="Atikamekw" data-language-local-name="Atikamekw" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Atikamekw</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mi%C5%9Far" title="Mişar – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mişar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%BA%DA%86%D9%88" title="بوغچو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بوغچو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4" title="করাত – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="করাত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Піла – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Піла" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Піла – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Піла" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Трион – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Трион" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heskenn" title="Heskenn – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Heskenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serra_(eina)" title="Serra (eina) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Serra (eina)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pila" title="Pila – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pila" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sav" title="Sav – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sav" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A4ge" title="Säge – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Säge" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saag" title="Saag – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Saag" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9" title="Πριόνι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πριόνι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sierra_(herramienta)" title="Sierra (herramienta) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sierra (herramienta)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segilo" title="Segilo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Segilo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zerra" title="Zerra – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zerra" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="اره – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scie" title="Scie – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Scie" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toireasc" title="Toireasc – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Toireasc" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serra_(ferramenta)" title="Serra (ferramenta) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Serra (ferramenta)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%A9ng%27oo" title="Kĩng'oo – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Kĩng'oo" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="اره – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="اره" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%86%B1" title="톱 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="톱" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%B2%D5%B8%D6%81" title="Սղոց – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սղոց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pila" title="Pila – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Pila" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segilo" title="Segilo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Segilo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gergaji" title="Gergaji – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gergaji" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isarha" title="Isarha – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="Isarha" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%B6g" title="Sög – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sög" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sega_(strumento)" title="Sega (strumento) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sega (strumento)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A8" title="מסור – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מסור" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%A6%92%EA%A6%BF%EA%A6%97%EA%A6%B6" title="ꦒꦿꦗꦶ – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="ꦒꦿꦗꦶ" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B8" title="ಗರಗಸ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗರಗಸ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagari" title="Lagari – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Lagari" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0_(%D2%9B%D2%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB)" title="Ара (құрал) – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ара (құрал)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Пила – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Пила" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goyin" title="Goyin – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Goyin" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D3%93%D0%B3%D3%93" title="Йӓгӓ – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Йӓгӓ" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serra_(instrumentum)" title="Serra (instrumentum) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Serra (instrumentum)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z%C4%81%C4%A3is" title="Zāģis – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Zāģis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/See" title="See – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="See" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pj%C5%ABklas" title="Pjūklas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pjūklas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garagazi" title="Garagazi – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Garagazi" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaeg" title="Zaeg – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Zaeg" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pila" title="Pila – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Pila" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resega" title="Resega – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Resega" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C5%B1r%C3%A9sz" title="Fűrész – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fűrész" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsofa" title="Tsofa – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tsofa" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4" title="करवत – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="करवत" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="منشار – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="منشار" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gergaji" title="Gergaji – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gergaji" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9%CC%A4%E1%B9%B3" title="Gé̤ṳ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gé̤ṳ" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%BD%E1%80%BE" title="လွှ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လွှ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaag" title="Zaag – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Zaag" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="करौंती – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="करौंती" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8B%B8" title="鋸 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="鋸" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%85" title="Херх – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Херх" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seeg" title="Seeg – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Seeg" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sag" title="Sag – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sag" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sag" title="Sag – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sag" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8ssa" title="Rèssa – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Rèssa" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arra" title="Arra – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Arra" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਆਰੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਆਰੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="آری – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="آری" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%BA%D9%88%DA%85%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%8D" title="غوڅندۍ – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="غوڅندۍ" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saag" title="Saag – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Saag" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi%C5%82a_(narz%C4%99dzie)" title="Piła (narzędzie) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Piła (narzędzie)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serra_(ferramenta)" title="Serra (ferramenta) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Serra (ferramenta)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fer%C4%83str%C4%83u" title="Ferăstrău – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ferăstrău" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khistuna" title="Khistuna – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Khistuna" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0" title="Пила – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пила" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soage_(Reewe)" title="Soage (Reewe) – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Soage (Reewe)" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sharra" title="Sharra – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sharra" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serra_(ut%C3%A8nzili)" title="Serra (utènzili) – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Serra (utènzili)" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saw" title="Saw – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Saw" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A" title="ڪارائي – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪارائي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%ADla_(n%C3%A1stroj)" title="Píla (nástroj) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Píla (nástroj)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDaga" title="Žaga – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Žaga" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abzedzzejga" title="Abzedzzejga – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Abzedzzejga" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Тестера – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тестера" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pila" title="Pila – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Pila" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saha" title="Saha – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Saha" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A5g" title="Såg – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Såg" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lagari" title="Lagari – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Lagari" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_(%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF)" title="வாள் (மரவேலைக் கருவி) – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வாள் (மரவேலைக் கருவி)" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amrez" title="Amrez – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Amrez" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B1%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%AA%E0%B0%82" title="ఱంపం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఱంపం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%80%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Арра – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Арра" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testere" title="Testere – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Testere" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Пилка – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пилка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%BE%DB%95%D8%B1%DB%95" title="ھەرە – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ھەرە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gawq" title="Gawq – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Gawq" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C6%B0a" title="Cưa – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cưa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surutsu" title="Surutsu – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Surutsu" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%94%AF%E5%AD%90" title="锯子 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="锯子" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%A2%D7%92" title="זעג – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="זעג" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8B%B8" title="鋸 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="鋸" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8B%B8" title="鋸 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="鋸" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Godot" title="Godot – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Godot" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 20 August 2024, at 18:59<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a 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