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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p>In <a href="/wiki/Pharmacology" title="Pharmacology">pharmacology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutics" title="Pharmaceutics">pharmaceutics</a>, a <b>prototype drug</b> is an individual <a href="/wiki/Drug" title="Drug">drug</a> that represents a <a href="/wiki/Drug_class" title="Drug class">drug class</a> – group of medications having similar <a href="/wiki/Chemical_structure" title="Chemical structure">chemical structures</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mechanism_of_action" title="Mechanism of action">mechanism of action</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mode_of_action" title="Mode of action">mode of action</a>. Prototypes are the most important, and typically the first developed drugs within the class, and are used as a reference to which all other drugs are compared.<sup id="cite_ref-Brophy_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brophy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bryant_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bryant-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples">Examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prototype_drug&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morphine" title="Morphine">Morphine</a> is the prototype of <a href="/wiki/Opioid_analgesic" class="mw-redirect" title="Opioid analgesic">opioid analgesics</a><sup id="cite_ref-Brophy_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brophy-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DB00295_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DB00295-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Propranolol" title="Propranolol">Propranolol</a> is the prototype of the <a href="/wiki/Beta_blocker" title="Beta blocker">beta blockers</a><sup id="cite_ref-vcu_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vcu-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DB00571_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DB00571-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chlorpromazine" title="Chlorpromazine">Chlorpromazine</a> is the prototypical <a href="/wiki/Phenothiazine" title="Phenothiazine">phenothiazine</a> <a href="/wiki/Antipsychotic" title="Antipsychotic">antipsychotic</a><sup id="cite_ref-WatanabeWada1991p272_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WatanabeWada1991p272-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-M68002746_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M68002746-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imipramine" title="Imipramine">Imipramine</a> is the prototypical <a href="/wiki/Tricyclic_antidepressant" title="Tricyclic antidepressant">tricyclic antidepressant</a>, and itself a derivative of chlorpromazine<sup id="cite_ref-WatanabeWada1991p272_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WatanabeWada1991p272-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-M68007099_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M68007099-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diazepam" title="Diazepam">Diazepam</a> is the prototype of the <a href="/wiki/Benzodiazepine" title="Benzodiazepine">benzodiazepine</a><sup id="cite_ref-Bryant_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bryant-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tallarida329_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tallarida329-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diphenhydramine" title="Diphenhydramine">Diphenhydramine</a> (Benadryl) is the prototype ethanolamine antihistamine<sup id="cite_ref-Foye799_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Foye799-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nifedipine" title="Nifedipine">Nifedipine</a> is the prototype dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker<sup id="cite_ref-DB01115_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DB01115-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chloroquine" title="Chloroquine">Chloroquine</a> is the prototypical antimalarial agent<sup id="cite_ref-M68002738_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M68002738-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acyclovir" class="mw-redirect" title="Acyclovir">Acyclovir</a> is the prototype antiviral agent that is activated by viral thymidine kinase<sup id="cite_ref-DB00787_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DB00787-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspirin" title="Aspirin">Aspirin</a> is the prototype <a href="/wiki/NSAID" class="mw-redirect" title="NSAID">NSAID</a><sup id="cite_ref-M68001241_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M68001241-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Prototype_drug&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Brophy-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Brophy_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brophy_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBrophyScarlett-FergusonWebber2010" class="citation book cs1">Brophy, Kathleen Marion; Scarlett-Ferguson, Heather; Webber, Karen S. (1 February 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xi8c-EBVkV8C&pg=PA3"><i>Clinical Drug Therapy for Canadian Practice</i></a>. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 3. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-60547-517-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-60547-517-2"><bdi>978-1-60547-517-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Clinical+Drug+Therapy+for+Canadian+Practice&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=Lippincott+Williams+%26+Wilkins&rft.date=2010-02-01&rft.isbn=978-1-60547-517-2&rft.aulast=Brophy&rft.aufirst=Kathleen+Marion&rft.au=Scarlett-Ferguson%2C+Heather&rft.au=Webber%2C+Karen+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dxi8c-EBVkV8C%26pg%3DPA3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APrototype+drug" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bryant-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bryant_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bryant_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBronwen_Jean_BryantKathleen_Mary_Knights2011" class="citation book cs1">Bronwen Jean Bryant; Kathleen Mary Knights (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TQV6sLzYsOYC&pg=PA16"><i>Pharmacology for Health Professionals</i></a>. 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