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id="toc-Organisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jurisdiction" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jurisdiction"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Jurisdiction</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Jurisdiction-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Jurisdiction subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Jurisdiction-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Co-operation_with_Garda_Síochána" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Co-operation_with_Garda_Síochána"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Co-operation with Garda Síochána</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Co-operation_with_Garda_Síochána-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Accountability" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Accountability"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Accountability</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Accountability-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recruitment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recruitment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Recruitment</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recruitment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Policies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Policies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Policies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Policies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Structure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Structure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Structure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Structure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Specialist_units" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Specialist_units"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Specialist units</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Specialist_units-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Specialist units subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Specialist_units-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Armed_Response_Unit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Armed_Response_Unit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Armed Response Unit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Armed_Response_Unit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Headquarters_Mobile_Support_Unit" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Headquarters_Mobile_Support_Unit"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Headquarters Mobile Support Unit</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Headquarters_Mobile_Support_Unit-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tactical_Support_Group" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tactical_Support_Group"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>Tactical Support Group</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tactical_Support_Group-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uniform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uniform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Uniform</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Uniform-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Uniform subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Uniform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Badge_and_flag" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Badge_and_flag"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Badge and flag</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Badge_and_flag-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Equipment" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Equipment"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Equipment</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Equipment subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Equipment-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Body_armour" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Body_armour"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Body armour</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Body_armour-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Firearms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Firearms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Firearms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Firearms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vehicles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vehicles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Vehicles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vehicles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Air_support" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Air_support"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4</span> <span>Air support</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Air_support-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Helicopters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Helicopters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4.1</span> <span>Helicopters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Helicopters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fixed_wing_aircraft" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fixed_wing_aircraft"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4.2</span> <span>Fixed wing aircraft</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fixed_wing_aircraft-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_items" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_items"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.5</span> <span>Other items</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_items-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Headquarters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Headquarters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Headquarters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Headquarters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2023_data_breach_and_ICO_fine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2023_data_breach_and_ICO_fine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>2023 data breach and ICO fine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2023_data_breach_and_ICO_fine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chief_constables" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chief_constables"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Chief constables</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chief_constables-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ranks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ranks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Ranks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ranks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Controversy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Controversy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Controversy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Officer_misconduct" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Officer_misconduct"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.1</span> <span>Officer misconduct</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Officer_misconduct-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2023_data_breaches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2023_data_breaches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15.2</span> <span>2023 data breaches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2023_data_breaches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Police_Fund" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Police_Fund"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Police Fund</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Police_Fund-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">20</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Police Service of Northern Ireland</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 20 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-20" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">20 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Police Service of Northern Ireland – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Police Service of Northern Ireland" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwasanaeth_Heddlu_Gogledd_Iwerddon" title="Gwasanaeth Heddlu Gogledd Iwerddon – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwasanaeth Heddlu Gogledd Iwerddon" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Police Service of Northern Ireland – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Police Service of Northern Ireland" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%B5hja-Iirimaa_politseiteenistus" title="Põhja-Iirimaa politseiteenistus – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Põhja-Iirimaa politseiteenistus" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CF%83%CF%84%CF%85%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%A5%CF%80%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%92%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%99%CF%81%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Αστυνομική Υπηρεσία της Βορείου Ιρλανδίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αστυνομική Υπηρεσία της Βορείου Ιρλανδίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servicio_de_Polic%C3%ADa_de_Irlanda_del_Norte" title="Servicio de Policía de Irlanda del Norte – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Servicio de Policía de Irlanda del Norte" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ipar_Irlandako_Polizia_Zerbitzua" title="Ipar Irlandako Polizia Zerbitzua – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ipar Irlandako Polizia Zerbitzua" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%BE%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%84%D9%86%D8%AF_%D8%B4%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C" title="خدمات پلیس ایرلند شمالی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خدمات پلیس ایرلند شمالی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_de_police_d%27Irlande_du_Nord" title="Service de police d'Irlande du Nord – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Service de police d'Irlande du Nord" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seirbh%C3%ADs_P%C3%B3il%C3%ADneachta_Thuaisceart_%C3%89ireann" title="Seirbhís Póilíneachta Thuaisceart Éireann – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Seirbhís Póilíneachta Thuaisceart Éireann" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Layanan_Polisi_Irlandia_Utara" title="Layanan Polisi Irlandia Utara – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Layanan Polisi Irlandia Utara" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Police Service of Northern Ireland – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Police Service of Northern Ireland" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Police Service of Northern Ireland – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Police Service of Northern Ireland" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Servi%C3%A7o_Policial_da_Irlanda_do_Norte" title="Serviço Policial da Irlanda do Norte – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Serviço Policial da Irlanda do Norte" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%98%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Полиция Северной Ирландии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Полиция Северной Ирландии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/PSNI" title="PSNI – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="PSNI" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Police Service of Northern Ireland – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Police Service of Northern Ireland" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Police Service of Northern Ireland – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Police Service of Northern Ireland" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuzey_%C4%B0rlanda_Polis_Te%C5%9Fkilat%C4%B1" title="Kuzey İrlanda Polis Teşkilatı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kuzey İrlanda Polis Teşkilatı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E7%88%B1%E5%B0%94%E5%85%B0%E8%AD%A6%E5%AF%9F%E5%B1%80" title="北爱尔兰警察局 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="北爱尔兰警察局" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1482170#sitelinks-wikipedia" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"PSNI" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/PSNI_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="PSNI (disambiguation)">PSNI (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Law enforcement agency</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Police Service of Northern Ireland</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_badge.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="The Service Emblem" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_badge.svg/140px-Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_badge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_badge.svg/210px-Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_badge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_badge.svg/280px-Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_badge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="252" data-file-height="252" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The Service Emblem</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Abbreviation</th><td class="infobox-data">PSNI</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data">Keeping People Safe</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">4 November 2001<span class="noprint">; 23 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2001-11-04</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceding agency</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Ulster_Constabulary" title="Royal Ulster Constabulary">Royal Ulster Constabulary</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual budget</th><td class="infobox-data">£836.7M (FY 2014/15)<sup id="cite_ref-PSNI_Budget_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSNI_Budget-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Legal personality</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Police_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Police service">Police service</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Jurisdictional structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_agency#natlea" title="Law enforcement agency">National agency</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Operations jurisdiction</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PSNI_Map_Northern_Ireland.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/PSNI_Map_Northern_Ireland.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="250" data-file-height="250" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Police Service of Northern Ireland area</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">14,130 km<sup>2</sup> (5,460 sq mi)<sup id="cite_ref-ONS_Countries_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ONS_Countries-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">1,903,175 <sup id="cite_ref-NI_Population_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NI_Population-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Governing body</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Executive" title="Northern Ireland Executive">Northern Ireland Executive</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Constituting instrument</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Police_(Northern_Ireland)_Act_2000" title="Police (Northern Ireland) Act 2000">Police (Northern Ireland) Act 2000</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">General nature</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_agency#civpol" title="Law enforcement agency">Civilian police</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Operational structure</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Overseen by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Policing_Board" title="Northern Ireland Policing Board">Northern Ireland Policing Board</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a><sup id="cite_ref-PSNI_Contact_Details_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSNI_Contact_Details-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Police officers</th><td class="infobox-data">6422</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Police civilians</th><td class="infobox-data">2,297</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Jon_Boutcher" title="Jon Boutcher">Jon Boutcher</a>, Chief Constable</li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/wiki/Bobby_Singleton_(police_officer)" title="Bobby Singleton (police officer)">Bobby Singleton</a>, Deputy Chief Constable</li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Pamela McCreedy, Chief Operating Officer</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Departments</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>12</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Crime Operations Department </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Criminal Justice Department </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Human Resources Department </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Department of Media and Public Relations </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Professional Standards Department </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Search and Rescue Team </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Crime Support Department </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Finance and Support Services </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Legal Services Department </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Operational Support Department </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Rural Region </li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"> Urban Region </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Regions</th><td class="infobox-data">8 (11 District)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Facilities</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stations</th><td class="infobox-data">32<sup id="cite_ref-PSNI_Stations_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PSNI_Stations-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Watercrafts</th><td class="infobox-data">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Aircraft</th><td class="infobox-data">3 helicopters<br />1 fixed-wing</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dogs</th><td class="infobox-data">28<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #EFEFEF;">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psni.police.uk/">www<wbr />.psni<wbr />.police<wbr />.uk</a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" 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.sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile hlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Law enforcement in the United Kingdom">Law enforcement<br /> in the United Kingdom</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above" style="background:#ddddff;border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Law of the United Kingdom">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Courts of the United Kingdom">Courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_prisons_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of prisons in the United Kingdom">Prisons</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"> Topics</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Agencies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_police_forces_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of police forces of the United Kingdom">police forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_defunct_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of defunct law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom">defunct</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_use_of_firearms_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Police use of firearms in the United Kingdom">Firearms use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_law_enforcement_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="History of law enforcement in the United Kingdom">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_ranks_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Police ranks of the United Kingdom">Ranks</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"> Equipment</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Police_aviation_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Police aviation in the United Kingdom">Aviation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_police_firearms_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of police firearms in the United Kingdom">Firearms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_uniforms_and_equipment_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Police uniforms and equipment in the United Kingdom">Uniform and equipment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_vehicles_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Police vehicles in the United Kingdom">Vehicles</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"> Types of agency</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_police_force#United_Kingdom" title="Territorial police force">Territorial police forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_police_force#United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Special police force">Special police forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories#Ports_police" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Port police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories#Parks_police" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Park police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories#Service_police" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Service police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories#Bodies_with_limited_executive_powers" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Non-police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_the_United_Kingdom,_Crown_Dependencies_and_British_Overseas_Territories#Other" title="List of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom, Crown Dependencies and British Overseas Territories">Other</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid;"> Types of agent</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Community_safety_accreditation_scheme" title="Community safety accreditation scheme">Accredited person</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bailiff#United_Kingdom" title="Bailiff">Bailiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certified_enforcement_agent" class="mw-redirect" title="Certified enforcement agent">Certified enforcement agent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civil_enforcement_officer" title="Civil enforcement officer">Civil enforcement officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civilian_enforcement_officer" title="Civilian enforcement officer">Civilian enforcement officer</a> (<a href="/wiki/Magistrates%27_bailiff" class="mw-redirect" title="Magistrates' bailiff">magistrates' bailiffs</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Security_Guard_Service#Civilian_security_officer" title="Northern Ireland Security Guard Service">Civilian security officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Constabulary" title="Special Constabulary">Special Constabulary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constable#United_Kingdom_and_the_Commonwealth" title="Constable">Constable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_constable" title="Chief constable">Chief constable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Court_security_officer_(England_and_Wales)" title="Court security officer (England and Wales)">Court security officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/County_court_bailiff" class="mw-redirect" title="County court bailiff">County court bailiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Custody_officer" title="Custody officer">Custody officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Customs_officer#United_Kingdom" title="Customs officer">Customs officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Court_enforcement_officer" title="High Court enforcement officer">High Court enforcement officer</a> (High Court sheriff)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_police" title="Traffic police">Traffic officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_officer#United_Kingdom" title="Immigration officer">Immigration officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Crime_Agency" title="National Crime Agency">National Crime Agency (officer)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highways_traffic_officer" title="National Highways traffic officer">National Highways traffic officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_community_support_officer" title="Police community support officer">Police community support officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_custody_and_security_officer" title="Police custody and security officer">Police custody and security officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prison_officer" title="Prison officer">Prison officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tipstaff#United_Kingdom" title="Tipstaff">Tipstaff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traffic_warden" class="mw-redirect" title="Traffic warden">Traffic warden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_bailiff" title="Water bailiff">Water bailiff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_inspector#United_Kingdom" title="Wildlife inspector">Wildlife inspector</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Concepts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chief_police_officer" title="Chief police officer">Chief police officer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_and_crime_commissioner" title="Police and crime commissioner">Police and crime commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emergency_control_centre" title="Emergency control centre">Emergency control centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Home_Office" title="Home Office">Home Office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighbourhood_policing_team" title="Neighbourhood policing team">Neighbourhood policing teams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_area" title="Police area">Police area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_authority" title="Police authority">Police authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Initial_Police_Learning_and_Development_Programme" title="Initial Police Learning and Development Programme">Initial Police Learning and Development Programme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_cadets_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Police cadets in the United Kingdom">Police cadets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Federation_of_England_and_Wales" title="Police Federation of England and Wales">Police Federation of England and Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Federation_for_Northern_Ireland" title="Police Federation for Northern Ireland">Police Federation for Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scottish_Police_Federation" title="Scottish Police Federation">Scottish Police Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Information_Point" class="mw-redirect" title="Police Information Point">Police Information Point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Oath" class="mw-redirect" title="Police Oath">Police Oath</a></li> <li>Police powers in: <a href="/wiki/Powers_of_the_police_in_England_and_Wales" title="Powers of the police in England and Wales">England and Wales</a> - <a href="/wiki/Powers_of_the_police_in_Scotland" title="Powers of the police in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Support_Volunteer" class="mw-redirect" title="Police Support Volunteer">Police Support Volunteer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scotland_Yard" title="Scotland Yard">Scotland Yard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_101" title="Police 101">Police 101 number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Policing_by_consent" class="mw-redirect" title="Policing by consent">Policing by consent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrant_card" title="Warrant card">Warrant card</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Acts</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Highway_Act_1835" title="Highway Act 1835">Highway Act 1835</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Act_1964" title="Police Act 1964">Police Act 1964</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_(Scotland)_Act_1967" title="Police (Scotland) Act 1967">Police (Scotland) Act 1967</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=The_Functions_of_Traffic_Wardens_Order_1970&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="The Functions of Traffic Wardens Order 1970 (page does not exist)">The Functions of Traffic Wardens Order 1970</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration_Act_1971" title="Immigration Act 1971">Immigration Act 1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misuse_of_Drugs_Act_1971" title="Misuse of Drugs Act 1971">Misuse of Drugs Act 1971</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salmon_and_Freshwater_Fisheries_Act_1975" title="Salmon and Freshwater Fisheries Act 1975">Salmon & Freshwater Fisheries Act 1975</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_and_Criminal_Evidence_Act_1984" title="Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984">Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_Traffic_Regulation_Act_1984" title="Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984">Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Removal_and_Disposal_of_Vehicles_Regulations_1986&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Removal and Disposal of Vehicles Regulations 1986 (page does not exist)">Removal and Disposal of Vehicles Regulations 1986</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Road_Traffic_Act_1988" title="Road Traffic Act 1988">Road Traffic Act 1988</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Road_Traffic_Offenders_Act_1988&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Road Traffic Offenders Act 1988 (page does not exist)">Road Traffic Offenders Act 1988</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Protection_of_Children_Act_1989&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Protection of Children Act 1989 (page does not exist)">Protection of Children Act 1989</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_Protection_Act_1990" title="Environmental Protection Act 1990">Environmental Protection Act 1990</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_Justice_and_Public_Order_Act_1994" title="Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994">Criminal Justice and Public Order Act 1994</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Act_1996" title="Police Act 1996">Police Act 1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confiscation_of_Alcohol_(Young_Persons)_Act_1997" title="Confiscation of Alcohol (Young Persons) Act 1997">Confiscation of Alcohol (Young Persons) Act 1997</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_Act_2000" title="Terrorism Act 2000">Terrorism Act 2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criminal_Justice_and_Police_Act_2001" title="Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001">Criminal Justice and Police Act 2001</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Reform_Act_2002" title="Police Reform Act 2002">Police Reform Act 2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-social_Behaviour_Act_2003" title="Anti-social Behaviour Act 2003">Anti-social Behaviour Act 2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_and_Courts_Act_2013" title="Crime and Courts Act 2013">Crime and Courts Act 2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Licensing_Act_2003" title="Licensing Act 2003">Licensing Act 2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railways_and_Transport_Safety_Act_2003" title="Railways and Transport Safety Act 2003">Railways and Transport Safety Act 2003</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clean_Neighbourhoods_and_Environment_Act_2005" title="Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act 2005">Clean Neighbourhoods and Environment Act 2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serious_Organised_Crime_and_Police_Act_2005" title="Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005">Serious Organised Crime and Police Act 2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_Reform_and_Social_Responsibility_Act_2011" title="Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011">Police Reform and Social Responsibility Act 2011</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Social_Behaviour,_Crime_and_Policing_Act_2014" title="Anti-Social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Act 2014">Anti-Social Behaviour, Crime and Policing Act 2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Policing_and_Crime_Act_2017" title="Policing and Crime Act 2017">Policing and Crime Act 2017</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="border-top:#aaa 1px solid;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Statutory instruments</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Police_and_Criminal_Evidence_(Northern_Ireland)_Order_1989" title="Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989">Police and Criminal Evidence (Northern Ireland) Order 1989</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#ddddff;border-top:#aaa 1px solid; border-bottom: #aaa 1px solid;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Crime in the United Kingdom">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrorism_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Terrorism in the United Kingdom">Terrorism</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Law_enforcement_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template:Law enforcement in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Law_enforcement_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Template talk:Law enforcement in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Law_enforcement_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Law enforcement in the United Kingdom"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Police Service of Northern Ireland</b> (<b>PSNI</b>; <a href="/wiki/Irish_language" title="Irish language">Irish</a>: <i lang="ga">Seirbhís Póilíneachta Thuaisceart Éireann</i>;<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Scots_dialects" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulster Scots dialects">Ulster-Scots</a>: <i><span title="Scots-language text"><i lang="sco">Polis Service o Norlin Airlan</i></span></i>), is the <a href="/wiki/Territorial_police_force#United_Kingdom" title="Territorial police force">police service</a> responsible for law enforcement and the prevention of crime within <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a>. </p><p>It is the successor to the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Ulster_Constabulary" title="Royal Ulster Constabulary">Royal Ulster Constabulary</a> (RUC) after it was reformed and renamed in 2001 on the recommendation of the <a href="/wiki/Patten_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="Patten Report">Patten Report</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The PSNI is the third largest police service in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> in terms of officer numbers (after the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Metropolitan Police Service">Metropolitan Police</a> and <a href="/wiki/Police_Scotland" title="Police Scotland">Police Scotland</a>) and the second largest in terms of geographic area of responsibility, after Police Scotland. The PSNI is approximately half the size of <a href="/wiki/Garda_S%C3%ADoch%C3%A1na" title="Garda Síochána">Garda Síochána</a> in terms of officer numbers. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As part of the <a href="/wiki/Good_Friday_Agreement" title="Good Friday Agreement">Good Friday Agreement</a>, there was an agreement to introduce a new police service initially based on the body of constables of the RUC.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of the reform, an <a href="/wiki/Independent_Commission_on_Policing_for_Northern_Ireland" title="Independent Commission on Policing for Northern Ireland">Independent Commission on Policing for Northern Ireland</a> (the Patten Commission) was set up, and the RUC was replaced by the PSNI on 4 November 2001.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Police_(Northern_Ireland)_Act_2000" title="Police (Northern Ireland) Act 2000">Police (Northern Ireland) Act 2000</a> named the new police service as the <b>Police Service of Northern Ireland (incorporating the Royal Ulster Constabulary)</b>; shortened to <b>Police Service of Northern Ireland</b> for operational purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the majority of PSNI officers are <a href="/wiki/Ulster_Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Ulster Protestant">Ulster Protestants</a>, this dominance is not as pronounced as it was in the RUC because of <a href="/wiki/Affirmative_action" title="Affirmative action">positive action</a> policies. The RUC was a militarised police force<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and played a key role in policing the violent conflict known as <a href="/wiki/The_Troubles" title="The Troubles">the Troubles</a>. </p><p>Initially, <a href="/wiki/Sinn_F%C3%A9in" title="Sinn Féin">Sinn Féin</a>, which represented about a quarter of Northern Ireland voters at the time, refused to endorse the PSNI until the Patten Commission's recommendations were implemented in full. However, as part of the <a href="/wiki/St_Andrews_Agreement" title="St Andrews Agreement">St Andrews Agreement</a>, Sinn Féin announced its full acceptance of the PSNI in January 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All major political parties in Northern Ireland now support the PSNI. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisation">Organisation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Organisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The senior officer in charge of the PSNI is its <a href="/wiki/Chief_constable" title="Chief constable">chief constable</a>. The chief constable is appointed by the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Policing_Board" title="Northern Ireland Policing Board">Northern Ireland Policing Board</a>, subject to the approval of the <a href="/wiki/Department_of_Justice_(Northern_Ireland)" title="Department of Justice (Northern Ireland)">Minister of Justice for Northern Ireland</a>. The Chief Constable of Northern Ireland is the third-highest paid police officer in the UK (after the Commissioner and Deputy Commissioner of the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police" title="Metropolitan Police">Metropolitan Police</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current <a href="/wiki/Chief_constable" title="Chief constable">chief constable</a> is <a href="/wiki/Jon_Boutcher" title="Jon Boutcher">Jon Boutcher</a>, who was appointed on an interim basis after the resignation of <a href="/wiki/Simon_Byrne_(police_officer)" title="Simon Byrne (police officer)">Simon Bryne</a> in September 2023 and successful in being officially confirmed as chief constable on 7 November 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Police_area" title="Police area">police area</a> is divided into eight districts, each headed by a chief superintendent. Districts are divided into areas, commanded by a chief inspector; these in turn are divided into sectors, commanded by inspectors. In recent years, under new structural reforms, some chief inspectors command more than one area as the PSNI strives to make savings. </p><p>In 2001 the old police divisions and sub-divisions were replaced with 29 district command units (DCUs), broadly coterminous with local council areas. In 2007 the DCUs were replaced by eight districts ('A' to 'H') in anticipation of local government restructuring under the Review of Public Administration. Responsibility for policing and justice was devolved to the Northern Ireland Assembly on 9 March 2010, although direction and control of the PSNI remains under the chief constable. </p><p>In addition to the PSNI, there are other agencies which have responsibility for specific parts of Northern Ireland's transport infrastructure: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belfast_Harbour_Police" title="Belfast Harbour Police">Belfast Harbour Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belfast_International_Airport_Constabulary" title="Belfast International Airport Constabulary">Belfast International Airport Constabulary</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jurisdiction">Jurisdiction</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Jurisdiction"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>PSNI officers have full powers of a constable throughout <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> and the adjacent United Kingdom waters. Other than in mutual aid circumstances they have more limited powers of a constable in the other two legal jurisdictions of the United Kingdom—<a href="/wiki/England_and_Wales" title="England and Wales">England and Wales</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Scotland" title="Scotland">Scotland</a>. Police staff, although non-warranted members of the service, contribute to both back-office, operational support and front-line services, sometimes operating alongside warranted colleagues. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Co-operation_with_Garda_Síochána"><span id="Co-operation_with_Garda_S.C3.ADoch.C3.A1na"></span>Co-operation with Garda Síochána</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Co-operation with Garda Síochána"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Patten_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="Patten Report">Patten Report</a> recommended that a programme of long-term personnel exchanges should be established between the PSNI and the <a href="/wiki/Garda_S%C3%ADoch%C3%A1na" title="Garda Síochána">Garda Síochána</a>, the national police force of <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a>. This recommendation was enacted in 2002 by an Inter-Governmental Agreement on Policing Cooperation, which set the basis for the exchange of officers between the two services.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are three levels of exchanges: </p> <ul><li>Personnel exchanges, for all ranks, without policing powers and for a term up to one year</li> <li>Secondments: for ranks from sergeant to chief superintendent, with policing powers, for up to three years</li> <li>Lateral entry by the permanent transfer of officers for ranks above inspector and under assistant commissioner</li></ul> <p>The protocols for these movements of personnel were signed by both the Chief Constable of the PSNI and the <a href="/wiki/Garda_Commissioner" title="Garda Commissioner">Garda Commissioner</a> on 21 February 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Accountability">Accountability</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Accountability"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The PSNI is supervised by the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Policing_Board" title="Northern Ireland Policing Board">Northern Ireland Policing Board</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Police_Ombudsman_for_Northern_Ireland" title="Police Ombudsman for Northern Ireland">Police Ombudsman for Northern Ireland</a> deals with any complaints regarding the PSNI, and investigates any allegations of misconduct by police officers. Police staff do not fall under the ombudsman's jurisdiction. The current Police Ombudsman is Marie Anderson, who took over from <a href="/wiki/Michael_Maguire_(ombudsman)" title="Michael Maguire (ombudsman)">Michael Maguire</a> in July 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The PSNI is also internally regulated by its Professional Standards Department, who can direct local "professional standards champions" (superintendents at district level) to investigate relatively minor matters, while a "misconduct panel" will consider more serious misconduct issues. Outcomes from misconduct hearings include dismissal, a requirement to resign, reduction in rank, monetary fines and cautions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recruitment">Recruitment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Recruitment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PSNI_Saintfield.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/PSNI_Saintfield.jpg/220px-PSNI_Saintfield.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/PSNI_Saintfield.jpg/330px-PSNI_Saintfield.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/PSNI_Saintfield.jpg/440px-PSNI_Saintfield.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2982" data-file-height="1847" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Saintfield" title="Saintfield">Saintfield</a> police station</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moira_Police_Station_-_geograph.org.uk_-_521663.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Moira_Police_Station_-_geograph.org.uk_-_521663.jpg/220px-Moira_Police_Station_-_geograph.org.uk_-_521663.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Moira_Police_Station_-_geograph.org.uk_-_521663.jpg/330px-Moira_Police_Station_-_geograph.org.uk_-_521663.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Moira_Police_Station_-_geograph.org.uk_-_521663.jpg/440px-Moira_Police_Station_-_geograph.org.uk_-_521663.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Moira police station</figcaption></figure> <p>The PSNI was initially legally obliged to operate an <a href="/wiki/Affirmative_action" title="Affirmative action">affirmative action</a> policy of recruiting 50% of its trainee officers from a <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> background and 50% from a non-Catholic background, as recommended by the <a href="/wiki/Patten_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="Patten Report">Patten Report</a>, in order to address the under-representation of Catholics that had existed for many decades in policing; in 2001 the RUC was almost 92% Protestant. Many unionist politicians said the "50:50" policy was unfair, and when the Bill to set up the PSNI was going through Parliament, Minister of State <a href="/wiki/Adam_Ingram_(Labour_politician)" title="Adam Ingram (Labour politician)">Adam Ingram</a> stated: "<a href="/wiki/Dominic_Grieve" title="Dominic Grieve">Dominic Grieve</a> referred to positive discrimination and we hold our hands up. Clause 43 refers to discrimination and appointments and there is no point in saying that that is anything other than positive discrimination."<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Human_Rights_Commission" title="Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission">Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission</a> cited international human rights law to show that special measures to secure minority participation were in accordance with human rights standards and did not in law constitute 'discrimination'.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By February 2011, 29.7% of the 7,200 officers were from a Catholic background, but among the 2,500 police staff (non-warranted members), where the 50:50 rule operated only for larger recruitment drives, the proportion of Catholics was just 18%.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The British Government nevertheless proposed to end the 50:50 measure, and provisions for 'lateral entry' of Catholic officers from other police forces, with effect from the end of March 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following a public consultation the special measures were ended in respect of police officers and police staff in April 2011. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Deloitte" title="Deloitte">Deloitte</a> conducted recruitment exercises on behalf of the PSNI, and was the dominant firm in the <a href="/wiki/Consensia_partnership" title="Consensia partnership">Consensia Partnership</a> which existed from 2001 to 2009. </p><p>As of 2017, the PSNI have announced that it will be introducing new schemes to increase the number of Catholics in the force. The PSNI is focusing on tackling the fear factor of joining the service as violent dissident Republicans are discouraging Catholics from joining and continue to attack Catholic officers.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Policies">Policies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Policies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In September 2006 it was confirmed that Assistant Chief Constable Judith Gillespie approved the PSNI policy of using children as informants including in exceptional circumstances to inform on their own family but not their parents. The document added safeguards including having a parent or "appropriate adult" present at meetings between juveniles and their handler. It also stressed a child's welfare should be paramount when considering the controversial tactics and required that any risk had been properly explained to them and a risk assessment completed.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of April 2023, the PSNI is structured with the following departments: </p> <dl><dt>Crime Department<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt> <dd> <ul><li>Organised Crime Branch</li> <li>Serious Crime Branch</li> <li>Intelligence Branch</li> <li>Specialist Operations Branch</li> <li>Crime Support Branch</li> <li>Public Protection Branch</li></ul></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Justice Department<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt> <dd> <ul><li>Legacy and Disclosure Branch</li> <li>Criminal Justice Branch</li> <li>Contact Management</li> <li>Custody</li></ul></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Local Policing<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt> <dt>Operational Support<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt> <dd> <ul><li>Armed Response Unit</li> <li>Close Protection Unit</li> <li>Dog Section</li> <li>Emergency Planning Unit</li> <li>Firearms and Explosives Branch</li> <li>Information Security Unit</li> <li>Operational Planning Hub</li> <li>Operational Policy Unit</li> <li>Police Search Advisor</li> <li>Operational and Tactical Development Unit</li> <li>Tactical Support Group</li> <li>Road Policing Unit</li> <li>Scientific Support</li></ul></dd></dl> <dl><dt>People and Organisational Development<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt> <dt>Strategic Planning and Transformation<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt> <dt>Professional Standards Department<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt> <dd> <ul><li>Discipline Branch</li> <li>Anti-Corruption Unit</li> <li>Service Vetting Unit</li></ul></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Corporate Services<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Specialist_units">Specialist units</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Specialist units"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Armed_Response_Unit">Armed Response Unit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Armed Response Unit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Specially-trained Armed Response Unit (ARU) officers support other parts of PSNI when faced with people who are carrying weapons such as knives and firearms. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Headquarters_Mobile_Support_Unit">Headquarters Mobile Support Unit</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Headquarters Mobile Support Unit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Headquarters_Mobile_Support_Unit" title="Headquarters Mobile Support Unit">Headquarters Mobile Support Unit</a> (HMSU) is the tactical unit of the PSNI. HMSU officers are trained to Specialist Firearms Officer (SFO) and <a href="/wiki/Counter_Terrorist_Specialist_Firearms_Officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Counter Terrorist Specialist Firearms Officer">Counter Terrorist Specialist Firearms Officer</a> (CTSFO) standards. They undergo a 26-week training program including firearms, unarmed combat, roping, driving and photography. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tactical_Support_Group">Tactical Support Group</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Tactical Support Group"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tactical Support Group (TSG) officers provide a range of core and specialist services to district policing teams.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Core TSG functions include public order, counter terrorism and crime reduction, community safety, crime scene response, and surveillance capability. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uniform">Uniform</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Uniform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hello_big_buoy_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1279202.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Hello_big_buoy_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1279202.jpg/220px-Hello_big_buoy_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1279202.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Hello_big_buoy_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1279202.jpg/330px-Hello_big_buoy_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1279202.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Hello_big_buoy_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1279202.jpg/440px-Hello_big_buoy_-_geograph.org.uk_-_1279202.jpg 2x" data-file-width="631" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Male and female PSNI officers on a pier in <a href="/wiki/Bangor,_County_Down" title="Bangor, County Down">Bangor, County Down</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Police_uniforms_and_equipment_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Police uniforms and equipment in the United Kingdom">Police uniforms and equipment in the United Kingdom</a></div> <p>The colour of the <a href="/wiki/Police_uniforms_and_equipment_in_the_United_Kingdom#Northern_Ireland" title="Police uniforms and equipment in the United Kingdom">PSNI uniform</a> is <a href="/wiki/Bottle_green" class="mw-redirect" title="Bottle green">bottle green</a>. Pre-1970s RUC uniforms retained a dark green called <a href="/wiki/Rifle_green" class="mw-redirect" title="Rifle green">rifle green</a>, which was often mistaken as black. A lighter shade of green was introduced following the <a href="/wiki/Hunt_Report" title="Hunt Report">Hunt Report</a> in the early 1970s, although Hunt recommended that British blue should be introduced. The Patten report, however, recommended the retention of the green uniform (Recommendation No. 154).<sup id="cite_ref-patten_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-patten-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The RUC officially described this as 'rifle green'. When the six new versions of the PSNI uniform were introduced, in March 2002, the term 'bottle green' was used for basically the same colour to convey a less militaristic theme. In 2018 a formal review was launched about the current uniform after officers gave feedback on it. </p><p>On 31 January 2022, a new uniform was introduced for frontline officers.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This change replaced the white shirt and tie that was worn since 2001 with a green wicking material t-shirt. This new style shirt is embroidered with the PSNI crest on the left breast and the word Police on the left collar and both sleeves. The new shirt also facilitates the wearing of epaulettes to display rank and numerals. This modern workwear is similar to that of <a href="/wiki/Police_Scotland" title="Police Scotland">Police Scotland</a> aside from colour and to uniforms of some police services in England and Wales. Officer headwear has remained the same and traditionally consists of <a href="/wiki/Peaked_cap#Police" title="Peaked cap">peaked caps</a> for males and <a href="/wiki/Kepi#Northern_Ireland" title="Kepi">kepi</a> style hats for females. <a href="/wiki/Baseball_cap#United_Kingdom" title="Baseball cap">Baseball style caps</a> are worn by tactical units. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Badge_and_flag">Badge and flag</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Badge and flag"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td rowspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_badge.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_badge.svg/175px-Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_badge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="175" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_badge.svg/263px-Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_badge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_badge.svg/350px-Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_badge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="252" data-file-height="252" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td><i>"The design of the emblem for the police is the design illustrated in Schedule 1 to these Regulations."</i> <hr />—Police Emblems and Flags Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2002, Section 3<sup id="cite_ref-:1_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><blockquote><p>The PSNI badge features the <a href="/wiki/Saint_Patrick%27s_saltire" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Patrick's saltire">St. Patrick's saltire</a>, and six symbols representing different and shared traditions: </p><ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Lady_Justice" title="Lady Justice">Scales of Justice</a> (representing equality and justice)</li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Crown_(headgear)" class="mw-redirect" title="Crown (headgear)">crown</a> (a traditional symbol of royalty but <i>not</i> the <a href="/wiki/St_Edward%27s_Crown" title="St Edward's Crown">St Edward's Crown</a> worn by or representing the <a href="/wiki/Monarchy_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Monarchy of the United Kingdom">British Sovereign</a>)</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Harp" title="Harp">harp</a> (a traditional Irish symbol but <i>not</i> the <a href="/wiki/Brian_Boru_harp" class="mw-redirect" title="Brian Boru harp">Brian Boru harp</a> used as an official emblem in the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic</a>)</li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Torch" title="Torch">torch</a> (representing enlightenment and a new beginning)</li> <li>An <a href="/wiki/Olive_branch" title="Olive branch">olive branch</a> (a peace symbol from <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a>)</li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Shamrock" title="Shamrock">shamrock</a> (a traditional Irish symbol, used by <a href="/wiki/St_Patrick" class="mw-redirect" title="St Patrick">St Patrick</a>, <a href="/wiki/Patron_saint" title="Patron saint">patron saint</a> of all Ireland, to explain the <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> <a href="/wiki/Trinity" title="Trinity">Trinity</a>)</li></ul></blockquote> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_flag.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/59/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_flag.png/220px-Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_flag.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/59/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_flag.png/330px-Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_flag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/5/59/Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_flag.png/440px-Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_flag.png 2x" data-file-width="447" data-file-height="223" /></a></span> </td> <td><i>"The design of the flag for the police is the design illustrated in Schedule 1 to these Regulations on a dark green background."</i> <hr />—Police Emblems and Flags Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2002, Section 8<sup id="cite_ref-:1_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The precise brand colours of the Service Flag and Service Emblem are as follows.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Scheme </th> <th><span style="color:black;background:yellow">Dark green</span> </th> <th>White </th> <th>Black </th> <th>Red </th></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/Hex_triplet" class="mw-redirect" title="Hex triplet">Hex triplet</a></b> </td> <td>#00342C </td> <td>#D5D9DC </td> <td>#000020 </td> <td>#E12B0F </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/RGB_color_model" title="RGB color model">RGB</a></b> </td> <td>0-52-44 </td> <td>213–217–220 </td> <td>0-0-32 </td> <td>225-43-15 </td></tr> <tr> <td><b><a href="/wiki/CMYK_color_model" title="CMYK color model">CMYK</a></b> </td> <td>100-0-15-80 </td> <td>3-1-0-14 </td> <td>90–40–0–100 </td> <td>0-90-100-0 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Under the <i>Police Emblems and Flags Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2002</i> no other flag can be used by the PSNI and it is the only one permitted to be flown on any PSNI building, vehicle, aircraft or vessel.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:50%; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p>"The emblem explores the notion of inclusiveness and parity through the simple stylistic representation of a variety of symbols that reflect diversity, hope and the desire to mutually respect and protect difference through policing. </p><p>“The sunburst surrounding the roundel represents a new beginning or a new dawn for the new Police Service. The shape is echoed in the central star that provides six areas between its rays for a series of symbols - all of equal prominence. </p><p>“[The] symbols include scales of justice, a harp, a torch, an olive branch. a shamrock and a crown. The centre piece houses the Cross of St. Patrick which places all six symbols in the context of Northern Ireland. </p><p>“The simple rendering of these symbols in a neutral format of things that both unite and divide reflects upon an inclusive society where all our values, common interests and differences are recognised, celebrated and protected.” </p> </blockquote> <div style="padding-bottom: 0; padding-top: 0.5em"><cite class="left-aligned" style="">Pauline McCabe, (quoted by Brendan McDaid in the Derry Journal, Friday 14 December 2001)</cite></div> </div> <p>In November 2001, the British government published proposals for the emblem of the nascent PSNI - some featured the flax flower or St. Patrick's Saltire, while others lacked any discernible symbols at all.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The proposals were roundly rejected by unionists, with the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Unionist_Party" title="Democratic Unionist Party">DUP's</a> <a href="/wiki/Ian_Paisley_Jr" title="Ian Paisley Jr">Ian Paisley Jr</a> branding them "meaningless". UUP policing board member <a href="/wiki/John_Taylor,_Baron_Kilclooney" title="John Taylor, Baron Kilclooney">Lord Kilclooney</a> criticised the government for "pre-empting" the decision of the board - he doubted agreement on a symbol could be reached. </p><p>An ad hoc committee of the Policing Board was established to carry out further research into a potential design,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> comprising six Policing Board members, including three of the Board's 'political members' (i.e. holders of elected political office at that time) and three of its 'independent members'. The committee comprised Pauline McCabe as Chair (McCabe was a business consultant who would later become Prisoner Ombudsman),<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the DUP's <a href="/wiki/Sammy_Wilson_(politician)" title="Sammy Wilson (politician)">Sammy Wilson</a>, the UUP's <a href="/wiki/Fred_Cobain" title="Fred Cobain">Fred Cobain</a>, the SDLP's <a href="/wiki/Eddie_McGrady" title="Eddie McGrady">Eddie McGrady</a>, former SDLP communications director <a href="/wiki/Tom_Kelly_(SDLP_politician)" title="Tom Kelly (SDLP politician)">Tom Kelly</a>, and crossbench hereditary peer <a href="/wiki/Alan_Brooke,_3rd_Viscount_Brookeborough" title="Alan Brooke, 3rd Viscount Brookeborough">Viscount Brookeborough</a>. </p><p>This committee reached agreement on the PSNI emblem the following month, which has been used ever since. Notably, the emblem contradicted the Patten recommendations, which called for neutral symbols to be used - instead, a crown, harp and shamrock were all incorporated, thus including symbols to satisfy each side of the community.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Northern_Ireland" title="Secretary of State for Northern Ireland">Secretary of State</a> accordingly used the powers granted to them the previous year by <a href="/wiki/Police_(Northern_Ireland)_Act_2000" title="Police (Northern Ireland) Act 2000">new legislation</a>, to adopt the new symbol. </p><p>The UUP, SDLP and DUP all commended the design they had agreed to - these parties had previously won two-thirds of all seats in the Assembly elections in 1998, and together made up 83% of unionists and 57% of nationalists.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, reception was tepid among some unionist politicians. While DUP Foyle MLA and Policing Board member <a href="/wiki/Willie_Hay,_Baron_Hay_of_Ballyore" title="Willie Hay, Baron Hay of Ballyore">William Hay</a> was enthusiastic about the badge, calling it "genuinely representative of both communities", then-councillor for the DUP, <a href="/wiki/Gregory_Campbell_(politician)" title="Gregory Campbell (politician)">Gregory Campbell</a>, said he was disappointed at the symbol but remakred that 'it could have been a lot worse'.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the UUP, future MLA <a href="/wiki/Norah_Beare" title="Norah Beare">Norah Beare</a> condemned the badge as "an insult to the memory of the Royal Ulster Constabulary", while UUP councillor Ian Burns suggested there was "little on the new badge to symbolise the United Kingdom or Northern Ireland".<sup id="cite_ref-:3_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As Sinn Féin did not participate in the Policing Board, they had no input into this process of designing or selecting a logo. The unionist <a href="/wiki/News_Letter" title="News Letter">News Letter</a> commented that "the absence of Sinn Fein undoubtedly made the task of reaching a consensus a lot easier for all concerned".<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also not participating were smaller parties - namely, <a href="/wiki/Alliance_Party_of_Northern_Ireland" title="Alliance Party of Northern Ireland">Alliance</a> (6 MLAs), the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Women%27s_Coalition" title="Northern Ireland Women's Coalition">Northern Ireland Women's Coalition</a> (2 MLAs), the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Unionist_Party" title="Progressive Unionist Party">Progressive Unionist Party</a> (2 MLAs), as well as 3 <a href="/wiki/Independent_Unionist" title="Independent Unionist">independent unionist</a> MLAs and <a href="/wiki/Robert_McCartney_(Northern_Irish_politician)" title="Robert McCartney (Northern Irish politician)">Robert McCartney</a>, the lone <a href="/wiki/UK_Unionist_Party" title="UK Unionist Party">UK Unionist Party</a> MLA (after the other 4 MLAs for the party broke off and became the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Unionist_Party" title="Northern Ireland Unionist Party">Northern Ireland Unionist Party</a> in 1999). Together, they represented 18 of the Assembly's 108 MLAs - one-sixth. But individually, none of them had enough Assembly seats to be eligible to sit on the Policing Board (the 10 'political' seats are filled based on each party's strength in the Assembly, via the <a href="/wiki/D%27Hondt_method" title="D'Hondt method">d'Hondt method</a><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>). </p><p>As well as refusing to support the PSNI for several years, Sinn Féin specifically criticised the symbol itself. Derry Sinn Féin councillor Paul Fleming called for the PSNI "to adopt a new badge and symbol which were entirely free from any association with either the British or Irish states". Fleming further described the inclusion of the crown and harp (both of which had been present previously in the RUC's badge) as "at odds with Patten", and criticised the SDLP for 'capitulating' in the face of "unionist pressure".<sup id="cite_ref-:2_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, the SDLP's West Belfast MLA Alex Attwood hit back at the Sinn Féin criticisms, saying "There is no British crown. There is a crown, a common and shared symbol throughout these islands."<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/2003_Northern_Ireland_Assembly_election" title="2003 Northern Ireland Assembly election">2003 Assembly election</a>, Sinn Féin displaced the SDLP as the majority party of nationalism. While Sinn Féin had no formal input into the design of the emblem, in 2007 their ard fheis voted to support the PSNI,<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Sinn Féin has not proposed any change to the emblem - either at that time or since. </p><p>Alliance had called for an emblem in line with Patten recommendations, which did not contain specifically British or Irish symbols, but rather neutral symbols, and symbols specific to Northern Ireland, stating:<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>"Alliance has tried to focus the debate on [the substance] rather than [symbols] of policing... With respect to the emblem, Alliance would prefer something that reflects the community as a whole in Northern Ireland. We would caution against something that seeks to place British and Irish symbols side-by-side. Our preference reflects our vision of a united community rather than one in which Unionism and Nationalism remain separate communities."</p></blockquote> <p>On the emblem's adoption, one Alliance councillor, Frank McQuaid, expressed his like for the symbol, but that he desired "to get on with the job of policing the people" and that 'far too much time had been wasted' regarding the symbols.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_52-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Equipment">Equipment</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Equipment"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Body_armour">Body armour</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Body armour"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Patricks_Day,_Downpatrick,_March_2011_(040).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/St_Patricks_Day%2C_Downpatrick%2C_March_2011_%28040%29.JPG/220px-St_Patricks_Day%2C_Downpatrick%2C_March_2011_%28040%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/St_Patricks_Day%2C_Downpatrick%2C_March_2011_%28040%29.JPG/330px-St_Patricks_Day%2C_Downpatrick%2C_March_2011_%28040%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/St_Patricks_Day%2C_Downpatrick%2C_March_2011_%28040%29.JPG/440px-St_Patricks_Day%2C_Downpatrick%2C_March_2011_%28040%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>St. Patricks Day, <a href="/wiki/Downpatrick" title="Downpatrick">Downpatrick</a>, 2011. The constable on the left is wearing a bulletproof vest while the sergeant on the right is wearing a stab vest</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Police_officers_at_the_2011_Belfast_riots.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Police_officers_at_the_2011_Belfast_riots.jpg/220px-Police_officers_at_the_2011_Belfast_riots.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Police_officers_at_the_2011_Belfast_riots.jpg/330px-Police_officers_at_the_2011_Belfast_riots.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Police_officers_at_the_2011_Belfast_riots.jpg/440px-Police_officers_at_the_2011_Belfast_riots.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1545" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>PSNI officers in riot gear armed with a Heckler & Koch <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_HK69A1" title="Heckler & Koch HK69A1">grenade launcher</a> for <a href="/wiki/Plastic_bullet" title="Plastic bullet">baton rounds</a> during a riot in Belfast, 2011</figcaption></figure> <p>PSNI officers wear overt <a href="/wiki/Bulletproof_vest#Soft_and_hard_armor" title="Bulletproof vest">body armour</a> vests featuring <a href="/wiki/List_of_body_armor_performance_standards#HOSDB_armor_standard_(United_Kingdom)" title="List of body armor performance standards">RF1 standard</a> <a href="/wiki/Ballistic_plate" title="Ballistic plate">ballistic plates</a>, designed to stop high-velocity rifle rounds. </p><p>Beginning in December 2007 body armour was required for PSNI officers operating in the <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Greater Belfast</a> and <a href="/wiki/Derry" title="Derry">Greater Derry City</a> areas owing to the threat from <a href="/wiki/Dissident_republican" title="Dissident republican">dissident republicans</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of 2020, all officers are issued with ballistic body armour, however in some lower-risk areas officers are permitted, on an optional basis, to wear <a href="/wiki/Stab_vest" title="Stab vest">stab vests</a>, such as those worn by most <a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Law enforcement in the United Kingdom">UK police</a> officers and the <a href="/wiki/Garda_S%C3%ADoch%C3%A1na" title="Garda Síochána">Gardaí</a>. </p><p>In 2019 the PSNI introduced a new integrated body armour system similar to the <a href="/wiki/Osprey_body_armour" title="Osprey body armour">Osprey body armour</a> used by the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British Army</a>, intended to be lighter and more comfortable to wear.<sup id="cite_ref-New_PSNI_Body_Armour_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_PSNI_Body_Armour-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Firearms">Firearms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Firearms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to the elevated threat posed by armed paramilitary groups, and in contrast to the majority of police services in the United Kingdom and the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Ireland" title="Republic of Ireland">Republic of Ireland</a>, all PSNI officers are routinely armed while on duty, with officers also permitted to carry firearms while off-duty.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Historically, RUC officers were issued with the <a href="/wiki/Ruger_Speed-Six" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruger Speed-Six">Ruger Speed-Six</a> revolver and had access to the <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_MP5" title="Heckler & Koch MP5">Heckler & Koch MP5</a> submachine gun and the <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_G3" title="Heckler & Koch G3">Heckler & Koch G3</a> and <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_HK33" title="Heckler & Koch HK33">Heckler & Koch HK33</a><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> rifles (which replaced the earlier <a href="/wiki/Sterling_submachine_gun" title="Sterling submachine gun">Sterling submachine guns</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ruger_Mini-14" title="Ruger Mini-14">Ruger AC-556</a> select-fire rifles between 1992 and 1995), with the PSNI inheriting these weapons upon formation. </p><p>The PSNI's standard issue firearm is the <a href="/wiki/Glock" title="Glock">Glock 17</a> pistol, which is carried by every operational officer on the ground. The Glock 17 began superseding the Ruger Speed-Six revolvers from 2002 onwards, with only fifteen revolvers remaining in service by 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The primary long-arm used in the service is the <a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_G36" title="Heckler & Koch G36">Heckler & Koch G36K</a> carbine, which was procured to supplement and eventually replace the MP5, G3, and HK33.<sup id="cite_ref-Janes2007_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Janes2007-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Heckler_%26_Koch_HK69A1#Variants" title="Heckler & Koch HK69A1">L104 riot guns</a> are available for crowd control purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Long arms are still routinely carried in areas of higher threat such as <a href="/wiki/Derry" title="Derry">Derry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a> (particularly north and west), and various border areas. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Vehicles">Vehicles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Vehicles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PSNI_Skoda_Octavia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/PSNI_Skoda_Octavia.jpg/220px-PSNI_Skoda_Octavia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/PSNI_Skoda_Octavia.jpg/330px-PSNI_Skoda_Octavia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/PSNI_Skoda_Octavia.jpg/440px-PSNI_Skoda_Octavia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2099" data-file-height="1580" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda_Octavia#Third_generation_(Typ_5E;_2012)" title="Škoda Octavia">Mk3.5 Škoda Octavia Estate</a> constitutes a sizeable percentage of the service's liveried fleet. It is currently being replaced by newer models.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PSNI_Land_Rovers,_Belfast_(geograph_7467837)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/PSNI_Land_Rovers%2C_Belfast_%28geograph_7467837%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-PSNI_Land_Rovers%2C_Belfast_%28geograph_7467837%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/PSNI_Land_Rovers%2C_Belfast_%28geograph_7467837%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-PSNI_Land_Rovers%2C_Belfast_%28geograph_7467837%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/PSNI_Land_Rovers%2C_Belfast_%28geograph_7467837%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-PSNI_Land_Rovers%2C_Belfast_%28geograph_7467837%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="704" data-file-height="462" /></a><figcaption>A PANGOLIN armoured Land Rover in Belfast.</figcaption></figure> <p>The best known PSNI vehicle is the <a href="/wiki/Land_Rover_Tangi" title="Land Rover Tangi">Land Rover Tangi</a> <a href="/wiki/Armoured_car_(military)" class="mw-redirect" title="Armoured car (military)">armoured vehicle</a>, used extensively during the volatile period of the Troubles. In 2011, however, it was announced that some of the aging Tangi fleet were to be replaced in response to officer safety concerns following the <a href="/wiki/2010_Northern_Ireland_riots" title="2010 Northern Ireland riots">2010 Northern Ireland riots</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and as of 2021, only four remained in frontline service. Replacements sourced by the PSNI from 2012 onwards included 176 <a href="/wiki/OVIK" title="OVIK">OVIK</a> PANGOLIN Armoured Public Order Vehicles and 124 Penman Public Order vehicles, both of which are based on the <a href="/wiki/Land_Rover_Defender" title="Land Rover Defender">Land Rover Defender</a> chassis.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The PSNI today uses mostly conventional vehicles as part of its fleet of up to 2,690 vehicles for regular patrols across Northern Ireland, most of which consist of marked and unmarked <a href="/wiki/Estate_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Estate car">estate cars</a> and <a href="/wiki/SUV" title="SUV">SUVs</a>. These can be categorised as either armoured or "soft skin" unarmoured vehicles, with the former receiving armoured panels and bulletproof windows.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In November 2020, 50 <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda_Kodiaq" title="Škoda Kodiaq">Škoda Kodiaqs</a> and five <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda_Superb" title="Škoda Superb">Škoda Superbs</a> were supplied to the PSNI as part of a programme to modernise the force's fleet;<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> vehicles either currently or previously operated by the PSNI include <a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda_Octavia" title="Škoda Octavia">Škoda Octavias</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Vauxhall_Vectra" class="mw-redirect" title="Vauxhall Vectra">Vauxhall Vectras</a>, <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Passat" title="Volkswagen Passat">Volkswagen Passats</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ford_Mondeo" title="Ford Mondeo">Ford Mondeos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Audi_A6" title="Audi A6">Audi A6</a> and <a href="/wiki/Audi_A4" title="Audi A4">A4s</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as <a href="/wiki/BMW_R1200RT" title="BMW R1200RT">BMW R1200RT</a> motorcycles.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to using cars, vans and motorcycles, the PSNI also have a fleet of 242 bicycles which are used for city centres and walkway patrols.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Air_support">Air support</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Air support"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2014 the Air Support Unit responded to over 4,000 callouts, 12 were <a href="/wiki/Casualty_evacuation" title="Casualty evacuation">Casualty evacuations</a> and participated in over 250 missing people searches.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All aircraft are used for investigations, anti-crime operations, traffic management, search and rescue, public order situations, crime reduction initiatives and tackling terrorism. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Helicopters">Helicopters</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Helicopters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:G-PSNO_Eurocopter_EC145_Helicopter_Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_(26270548040).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/G-PSNO_Eurocopter_EC145_Helicopter_Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_%2826270548040%29.jpg/220px-G-PSNO_Eurocopter_EC145_Helicopter_Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_%2826270548040%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/G-PSNO_Eurocopter_EC145_Helicopter_Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_%2826270548040%29.jpg/330px-G-PSNO_Eurocopter_EC145_Helicopter_Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_%2826270548040%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/G-PSNO_Eurocopter_EC145_Helicopter_Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_%2826270548040%29.jpg/440px-G-PSNO_Eurocopter_EC145_Helicopter_Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland_%2826270548040%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="3216" /></a><figcaption>G-PSNO, one of the two <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_EC_145" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurocopter EC 145">Eurocopter EC 145</a> helicopters operated by the PSNI</figcaption></figure> <p>In May 2005, the PSNI took delivery of its first helicopter, a <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_EC_135" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurocopter EC 135">Eurocopter EC 135</a>, registration G-PSNI and callsign Police 44. In 2010, the PSNI took delivery of its second aircraft, a <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_EC_145" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurocopter EC 145">Eurocopter EC 145</a> registration G-PSNO and callsign Police 45 at a cost of £7<span class="nowrap"> </span>million. In July 2013, a third helicopter entered service, <a href="/wiki/Eurocopter_EC_145" class="mw-redirect" title="Eurocopter EC 145">Eurocopter EC 145</a>, registration G-PSNR and callsign Police 46.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Fixed_wing_aircraft">Fixed wing aircraft</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Fixed wing aircraft"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The PSNI operates two fixed wing aircraft for aerial surveillance.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 1992, a <a href="/wiki/Britten-Norman_BN-2_Islander" title="Britten-Norman BN-2 Islander">Britten-Norman BN-2T Islander</a> entered service with registration G-BSWR and callsign Scout 1.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2011, the aircraft sustained damage during a crash-landing at <a href="/wiki/Belfast_International_Airport" title="Belfast International Airport">Aldergrove</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2013, prior to the <a href="/wiki/39th_G8_summit" title="39th G8 summit">G8 summit</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Britten-Norman_Defender" title="Britten-Norman Defender">Britten-Norman Defender 4000</a> entered service with registration G-CGTC and callsign Scout 2.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Until 2019 when <a href="/wiki/National_Police_Air_Service" title="National Police Air Service">NPAS</a> purchased four planes, the PSNI was for many years the only UK police service operating fixed-wing aircraft. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_items">Other items</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Other items"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Other items of equipment include: </p> <ul><li>Folding <a href="/wiki/Hiatt_Speedcuffs" class="mw-redirect" title="Hiatt Speedcuffs">Hiatt Speedcuffs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monadnock_Lifetime_Products" title="Monadnock Lifetime Products">Monadnock</a> 26" friction-lock baton with Hindi cap</li> <li>First Aid pouch</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terrestrial_Trunked_Radio" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrestrial Trunked Radio">TETRA radio</a> (<a href="/wiki/Motorola_Solutions" title="Motorola Solutions">Motorola</a> MTP3550)</li> <li>Torch with traffic wand</li> <li>Limb-restraints, also known as fast-straps</li></ul> <p>The PSNI previously issued <a href="/wiki/BlackBerry" title="BlackBerry">BlackBerry</a> devices to officers,<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which have now been replaced by various models of Android smartphones. </p><p>As of 2019 the service began replacing the previously issued CS spray with <a href="/wiki/PAVA_spray" title="PAVA spray">PAVA spray</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Headquarters">Headquarters</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Headquarters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The service's headquarters are located in <a href="/wiki/Knock,_Belfast" class="mw-redirect" title="Knock, Belfast">Knock</a>, an area in east <a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a>, and since the 1980s has included the Service's Museum.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="2023_data_breach_and_ICO_fine">2023 data breach and ICO fine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: 2023 data breach and ICO fine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 8 August 2023, the PSNI suffered a major data breach when personal information of approximately 9,500 police officers and staff was accidentally published online in response to a freedom of information request. The disclosed data included surnames, initials, ranks, work locations and departments for all PSNI employees.<sup id="cite_ref-ICOPenalty_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICOPenalty-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 26 September 2024, the UK Information Commissioner's Office (ICO) issued a monetary penalty notice fining the PSNI £750,000 for infringements of data protection law related to the breach.<sup id="cite_ref-ICOPenalty_88-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICOPenalty-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ICO found that the PSNI had failed to implement appropriate technical and organisational measures to protect personal data from 25 May 2018 to 14 June 2024, in violation of the UK General Data Protection Regulation.<sup id="cite_ref-ICOPenalty_88-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICOPenalty-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The ICO noted the sensitive nature of the data given the security situation in Northern Ireland, stating the breach "could lead to the most severe consequences imaginable for officers, staff and their families."<sup id="cite_ref-ICOPenalty_88-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICOPenalty-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While the ICO initially calculated a £5.6 million fine based on the seriousness of the infringements, this was reduced to £750,000 in line with the ICO's revised approach to public sector enforcement.<sup id="cite_ref-ICOPenalty_88-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICOPenalty-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chief_constables">Chief constables</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Chief constables"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:left"> <tbody><tr> <th>No.</th> <th>Name </th> <th>From</th> <th>To </th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>1 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ronnie_Flanagan" title="Ronnie Flanagan">Sir Ronnie Flanagan</a> </td> <td>November 2001 </td> <td>March 2002 </td> <td>Incumbent Chief constable (since 1996) of the service during its change from the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Ulster_Constabulary" title="Royal Ulster Constabulary">Royal Ulster Constabulary</a> to the PSNI in November 2001. </td></tr> <tr> <td>– </td> <td>Colin Cramphorn </td> <td>March 2002 </td> <td>September 2002 </td> <td>Acting Chief constable </td></tr> <tr> <td>2 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Orde" title="Hugh Orde">Sir Hugh Orde</a> </td> <td>September 2002 </td> <td>August 2009 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>– </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Judith_Gillespie" title="Judith Gillespie">Judith Gillespie</a> </td> <td>August 2009 </td> <td>August 2009 </td> <td>Acting Chief constable </td></tr> <tr> <td>3 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Matthew_D._Baggott" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthew D. Baggott">Sir Matt Baggott</a> </td> <td>August 2009 </td> <td>June 2014 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>4 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/George_Hamilton_(Northern_Ireland_police_officer)" title="George Hamilton (Northern Ireland police officer)">Sir George Hamilton</a> </td> <td>June 2014 </td> <td>June 2019 </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>5 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Simon_Byrne_(police_officer)" title="Simon Byrne (police officer)">Simon Byrne</a> </td> <td>June 2019 </td> <td>September 2023 </td> <td>Resigned following a number of controversies. </td></tr> <tr> <td>– </td> <td>Mark Hamilton </td> <td>September 2023 </td> <td>October 2023 </td> <td>Acting Chief constable </td></tr> <tr> <td>– </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jon_Boutcher" title="Jon Boutcher">Jon Boutcher</a> </td> <td>October 2023 </td> <td>November 2023 </td> <td>Interim Chief constable </td></tr> <tr> <td>6 </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jon_Boutcher" title="Jon Boutcher">Jon Boutcher</a> </td> <td>November 2023 </td> <td>Incumbent </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ranks">Ranks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Ranks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Police_ranks_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Police ranks of the United Kingdom">Police ranks of the United Kingdom</a></div> <div style="overflow:auto"> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" width="auto"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="10"><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#Ranks">Police Service of Northern Ireland ranks</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th width="5%">Rank </th> <td width="12%"><a href="/wiki/Chief_constable" title="Chief constable">Chief constable</a> </td> <td width="12%"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_chief_constable" title="Deputy chief constable">Deputy chief constable</a> </td> <td width="12%"><a href="/wiki/Assistant_chief_constable" title="Assistant chief constable">Assistant chief constable</a> </td> <td width="12%"><a href="/wiki/Chief_superintendent#United_Kingdom" title="Chief superintendent">Chief superintendent</a> </td> <td width="10%"><a href="/wiki/Superintendent_(police)#United_Kingdom" title="Superintendent (police)">Superintendent</a> </td> <td width="10%"><a href="/wiki/Chief_inspector#United_Kingdom" title="Chief inspector">Chief inspector</a> </td> <td width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Inspector#United_Kingdom" title="Inspector">Inspector</a> </td> <td width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Sergeant#United_Kingdom" title="Sergeant">Sergeant</a> </td> <td width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Constable#United_Kingdom" title="Constable">Constable</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Epaulette insignia </th> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PSNICCEpaulette.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/PSNICCEpaulette.svg/50px-PSNICCEpaulette.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/PSNICCEpaulette.svg/75px-PSNICCEpaulette.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/PSNICCEpaulette.svg/100px-PSNICCEpaulette.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="1053" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PSNIDCCEpaulette.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/PSNIDCCEpaulette.svg/50px-PSNIDCCEpaulette.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/PSNIDCCEpaulette.svg/75px-PSNIDCCEpaulette.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/PSNIDCCEpaulette.svg/100px-PSNIDCCEpaulette.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="1053" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PSNIACCEpaulette.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/PSNIACCEpaulette.svg/50px-PSNIACCEpaulette.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/PSNIACCEpaulette.svg/75px-PSNIACCEpaulette.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/PSNIACCEpaulette.svg/100px-PSNIACCEpaulette.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="1053" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PSNICSuptEpaulette.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/PSNICSuptEpaulette.svg/50px-PSNICSuptEpaulette.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/PSNICSuptEpaulette.svg/75px-PSNICSuptEpaulette.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/PSNICSuptEpaulette.svg/100px-PSNICSuptEpaulette.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="1053" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PSNISuptEpaulette.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/PSNISuptEpaulette.svg/50px-PSNISuptEpaulette.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/PSNISuptEpaulette.svg/75px-PSNISuptEpaulette.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/PSNISuptEpaulette.svg/100px-PSNISuptEpaulette.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="1053" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PSNICInspEpaulette.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="PSNI chief inspector"><img alt="PSNI chief inspector" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/PSNICInspEpaulette.svg/50px-PSNICInspEpaulette.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/PSNICInspEpaulette.svg/75px-PSNICInspEpaulette.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/PSNICInspEpaulette.svg/100px-PSNICInspEpaulette.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="1053" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PSNIInspEpaulette.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/PSNIInspEpaulette.svg/50px-PSNIInspEpaulette.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/PSNIInspEpaulette.svg/75px-PSNIInspEpaulette.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/PSNIInspEpaulette.svg/100px-PSNIInspEpaulette.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="1053" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PSNISgtEpaulette.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/PSNISgtEpaulette.svg/50px-PSNISgtEpaulette.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/PSNISgtEpaulette.svg/75px-PSNISgtEpaulette.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/PSNISgtEpaulette.svg/100px-PSNISgtEpaulette.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="1053" /></a></span> </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PSNIPCEpaulette.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/PSNIPCEpaulette.svg/50px-PSNIPCEpaulette.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="79" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/PSNIPCEpaulette.svg/75px-PSNIPCEpaulette.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/PSNIPCEpaulette.svg/100px-PSNIPCEpaulette.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="667" data-file-height="1053" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p>In the PSNI there are also part-time Special constables known as a <a href="/wiki/Special_constable#Northern_Ireland" title="Special constable">Reserve Constable</a>. In contrast to most Special constables elsewhere in the UK, this is a paid position. </p><p>The ranks and their insignia correspond to those of other UK police services, with a few modifications: Sergeants' chevrons are worn point-up as is done in the United States, rather than point-down as is done in other police and military services of the United Kingdom. The six-pointed star & saltire device from the PSNI badge is used in place of the <a href="/wiki/St_Edward%27s_Crown" title="St Edward's Crown">Crown</a> in the insignia of superintendents, chief superintendents and the chief constable. </p><p>The rank insignia of the chief constable, unlike those in other parts of the UK, are similar to those of the Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis and the Commissioner of the City of London Police. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Controversy">Controversy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Controversy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Officer_misconduct">Officer misconduct</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Officer misconduct"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2021 the BBC reported on news of 39 internal investigations into sexual misconduct or domestic abuse by PSNI officers over the past five years.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2023 9 PSNI officers were fired in for sexual misconduct or domestic abuse.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2023 the Northern Ireland Public Prosecution Service (<a href="/wiki/Public_Prosecution_Service_for_Northern_Ireland" title="Public Prosecution Service for Northern Ireland">PPSNI</a>) charged two PSNI officers for taking pictures of dead bodies.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was first reported on in 2022 by the BBC news program Spotlight, after they spoke with family members of a man who committed suicide in 2017. The family of the man was concerned about the behaviour of officers on the scene.<sup id="cite_ref-Carroll_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carroll-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This 2023 disciplinary decision came about as a result of an internal investigation titled "Operation Warwick", by the <a href="/wiki/Police_Ombudsman_for_Northern_Ireland" title="Police Ombudsman for Northern Ireland">Police Ombudsman for Northern Ireland</a>. For these charges, one officer was dismissed, and one was suspended.<sup id="cite_ref-Carroll_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carroll-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2023_data_breaches">2023 data breaches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: 2023 data breaches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/PSNI_data_breaches" title="PSNI data breaches">PSNI data breaches</a></div> <p>The PSNI suffered two <a href="/wiki/PSNI_data_breaches" title="PSNI data breaches">data breaches</a> in 2023, in which personal details of thousands of PSNI officers and staff was inadvertedly published on a public website.<sup id="cite_ref-tj-psni-confirms-major-data-breach_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tj-psni-confirms-major-data-breach-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cnn-psni-data-breach_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn-psni-data-breach-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the 2023 data breaches, a LucidTalk opinion poll revealed that 38% of people in Northern Ireland had "no" or "mostly no" confidence in the PSNI. The poll also found that <a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Unionism in Northern Ireland">unionist</a> voters were more likely to have confidence in the police service than <a href="/wiki/Irish_nationalism" title="Irish nationalism">nationalists</a>, though support for the PSNI was highest amongst "other" voters.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Police_Fund">Police Fund</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Police Fund"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Fund was set up in 2002 to provide care and financial assistance to police officers and ex-officers who have been injured or disabled from being the direct target of a terrorist attack and to the widows, widowers and families of police officers killed or injured through terrorism.<sup id="cite_ref-police-fund-about-us_96-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-police-fund-about-us-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-police-fund-home_97-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-police-fund-home-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_enforcement_agencies_in_Northern_Ireland" title="List of law enforcement agencies in Northern Ireland">List of law enforcement agencies in Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Law enforcement in the United Kingdom">Law enforcement in the United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Government_departments_and_agencies_in_Northern_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Government departments and agencies in Northern Ireland">List of Government departments and agencies in Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Security_Guard_Service" title="Northern Ireland Security Guard Service">Northern Ireland Security Guard Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSNI_F.C." title="PSNI F.C.">PSNI F.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSNI_GAA" title="PSNI GAA">PSNI GAA</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Weitzer" title="Ronald Weitzer">Weitzer, Ronald</a>. 1995. <i>Policing Under Fire: Ethnic Conflict and Police-Community Relations in Northern Ireland</i> (Albany, New York: State University of New York Press).</li> <li>Weitzer, Ronald. 1996. "Police Reform in Northern Ireland", Police Studies, v.19, no.2. pages:27–43.</li> <li>Weitzer, Ronald. 1992. "Northern Ireland's Police Liaison Committees", Policing and Society, vol.2, no.3, pages 233–243.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-PSNI_Budget-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PSNI_Budget_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141019210315/http://www.nipolicingboard.org.uk/article/?id=15031">"Funding in focus as Board approves PSNI Budget"</a>. <i>NI Policing Board</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NI+Policing+Board&rft.atitle=Funding+in+focus+as+Board+approves+PSNI+Budget&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nipolicingboard.org.uk%2Farticle%2F%3Fid%3D15031&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ONS_Countries-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ONS_Countries_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="ONS_Countries" class="citation web cs1">ONS Geography (8 January 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/geography/beginner-s-guide/administrative/the-countries-of-the-uk/index.html">"The Countries of the UK"</a>. <i>Office for National Statistics</i>. 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Statutelaw.gov.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210923125008/https://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2000/32/section/1/2002-04-15?timeline=true">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Police+%28Northern+Ireland%29+Act+2000&rft.pub=Statutelaw.gov.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statutelaw.gov.uk%2Fcontent.aspx%3FActiveTextDocId%3D1754588&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McGoldrick, Stacey and McArdle, Andrea (2006). <i>Uniform Behavior: Police Localism and National Politics</i>. Palgrave Macmillan, p. 116. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1403983313" title="Special:BookSources/1403983313">1403983313</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Morrison, John F. (2013). <i>Origins and Rise of Dissident Irish Republicanism: The Role and Impact of Organizational Splits</i>. A&C Black, p. 189. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1623566770" title="Special:BookSources/1623566770">1623566770</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">s.1, Police (Northern Ireland) Act 2000</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcGoldrickMcArdle2006" class="citation book cs1">McGoldrick, S.; McArdle, A. (23 July 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_VnHAAAAQBAJ&q=%22a+military+force%22&pg=PA111"><i>Uniform Behavior: Police Localism and National Politics</i></a>. Springer. p. 111. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4039-8331-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4039-8331-2"><bdi>978-1-4039-8331-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210923124955/https://books.google.com/books?id=_VnHAAAAQBAJ&q=%22a+military+force%22&pg=PA111">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Uniform+Behavior%3A+Police+Localism+and+National+Politics&rft.pages=111&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2006-07-23&rft.isbn=978-1-4039-8331-2&rft.aulast=McGoldrick&rft.aufirst=S.&rft.au=McArdle%2C+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_VnHAAAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522a%2Bmilitary%2Bforce%2522%26pg%3DPA111&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDingley2008" class="citation book cs1">Dingley, James (13 October 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CVJ_AgAAQBAJ&q=%22militarized+security+force%22&pg=PA177"><i>Combating Terrorism in Northern Ireland</i></a>. Routledge. p. 177. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-21046-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-21046-6"><bdi>978-1-134-21046-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210923124935/https://books.google.com/books?id=CVJ_AgAAQBAJ&q=%22militarized+security+force%22&pg=PA177">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Combating+Terrorism+in+Northern+Ireland&rft.pages=177&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2008-10-13&rft.isbn=978-1-134-21046-6&rft.aulast=Dingley&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCVJ_AgAAQBAJ%26q%3D%2522militarized%2Bsecurity%2Bforce%2522%26pg%3DPA177&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMulcahy2013" class="citation book cs1">Mulcahy, Aogan (17 June 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2vacXj3rMxwC&q=%22heavily+militarized%22&pg=PA70"><i>Policing Northern Ireland</i></a>. Routledge. p. 111. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-134-01995-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-134-01995-3"><bdi>978-1-134-01995-3</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210923124935/https://books.google.com/books?id=2vacXj3rMxwC&q=%22heavily+militarized%22&pg=PA70">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Policing+Northern+Ireland&rft.pages=111&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2013-06-17&rft.isbn=978-1-134-01995-3&rft.aulast=Mulcahy&rft.aufirst=Aogan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2vacXj3rMxwC%26q%3D%2522heavily%2Bmilitarized%2522%26pg%3DPA70&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/news/2007/0128/northpolitics.html">"SF delegates vote to support policing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89_News" title="RTÉ News">RTÉ News</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89.ie" title="RTÉ.ie">RTÉ.ie</a>. 28 January 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070205044638/http://www.rte.ie/news/2007/0128/northpolitics.html">Archived</a> from the original on 5 February 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2007</span>. <q>The Sinn Féin decision in favour of supporting policing in Northern Ireland for the first time ever has been welcomed in Dublin, London and Belfast.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=RT%C3%89+News&rft.atitle=SF+delegates+vote+to+support+policing&rft.date=2007-01-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Fnews%2F2007%2F0128%2Fnorthpolitics.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.police-information.co.uk/policepay.htm">"Police Pay Review"</a>. Police-information.co.uk. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190514175023/https://www.police-information.co.uk/policepay.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 14 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Police+Pay+Review&rft.pub=Police-information.co.uk&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.police-information.co.uk%2Fpolicepay.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-67006063">"PSNI: Jon Boutcher picked as interim chief constable"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 4 October 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=PSNI%3A+Jon+Boutcher+picked+as+interim+chief+constable&rft.date=2023-10-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-northern-ireland-67006063&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131211135128/http://www.britishirish.org/assets/A-Report-on-Cross-Border-Cooperation-between-Police-Forces-July-2008.pdf">"Committee A (Sovereign Matters) on Cross Border Cooperation between Police Forces"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=House+of+Commons+Standing+Committee+B+%28pt+4%29&rft.pub=Publications.parliament.uk&rft.date=2000-06-27&rft.au=House+of+Commons+Department+of+the+Official+Report+%28Hansard%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpublications.parliament.uk%2Fpa%2Fcm199900%2Fcmstand%2Fb%2Fst000627%2Fpm%2Fpt2%2F00627s04.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100218113901/http://www.nihrc.org/dms/data/NIHRC/attachments/dd/files/114/Response_on_review_of_Police_%28NI%29_Act_temporary_provisions_2009_%28January_2010%29.pdf">"Response on the Police (Northern Ireland) Act 2000: Review of Temporary Recruitment Provisions"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Human_Rights_Commission" title="Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission">Northern Ireland Human Rights Commission</a></i>. 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Psni.police.uk. 1 October 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150824013707/http://www.psni.police.uk/index/updates/updates_statistics/updates_workforce_composition_figures.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 24 August 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 August</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Workforce+Composition+Figures+%26%23124%3B+Police+Service+of+Northern+Ireland&rft.pub=Psni.police.uk&rft.date=2008-10-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.psni.police.uk%2Findex%2Fupdates%2Fupdates_statistics%2Fupdates_workforce_composition_figures.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101214082755/http://www.nio.gov.uk/50_50_consultation_paper_october_2009.pdf">"Consultation Paper: Police (Northern Ireland) Act 2000 –review of temporary recruitment provisions"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland_Office" title="Northern Ireland Office">Northern Ireland Office</a></i>. 30 October 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nio.gov.uk/50_50_consultation_paper_october_2009.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 14 December 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Northern+Ireland+Office&rft.atitle=Consultation+Paper%3A+Police+%28Northern+Ireland%29+Act+2000+%E2%80%93review+of+temporary+recruitment+provisions&rft.date=2009-10-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nio.gov.uk%2F50_50_consultation_paper_october_2009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-10866072">"Timeline of Irish dissident activity"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a></i>. 20 April 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190428080347/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-northern-ireland-10866072">Archived</a> from the original on 28 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Timeline+of+Irish+dissident+activity&rft.date=2019-04-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fuk-northern-ireland-10866072&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070930155127/http://u.tv/newsroom/indepth.asp?pt=n&id=76432">"PSNI allowed to use child informers"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/UTV_News" class="mw-redirect" title="UTV News">UTV News</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/U.tv" title="U.tv">u.tv</a>. 1 September 2006. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://u.tv/newsroom/indepth.asp?pt=n&id=76432">the original</a> on 30 September 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2007</span>. <q>The Police Service of Northern Ireland policy, 'Children as Covert Human Intelligence Sources' was approved by Assistant Chief Constable Judith Gillespie in February 2005 as part of its child protection policy. In June 2009, Judith Gillespie was promoted to the rank of Deputy Chief Constable, the high rank obtained by a female.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=UTV+News&rft.atitle=PSNI+allowed+to+use+child+informers&rft.date=2006-09-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fu.tv%2Fnewsroom%2Findepth.asp%3Fpt%3Dn%26id%3D76432&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psni.police.uk/about-us/our-departments/crime">"Crime | PSNI"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Crime+%26%23124%3B+PSNI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psni.police.uk%2Fabout-us%2Four-departments%2Fcrime&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psni.police.uk/about-us/our-departments/justice">"Justice | PSNI"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Justice+%26%23124%3B+PSNI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psni.police.uk%2Fabout-us%2Four-departments%2Fjustice&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psni.police.uk/about-us/our-departments/local-policing">"Local Policing | PSNI"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Local+Policing+%26%23124%3B+PSNI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psni.police.uk%2Fabout-us%2Four-departments%2Flocal-policing&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psni.police.uk/about-us/our-departments/operational-support">"Operational Support | PSNI"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Operational+Support+%26%23124%3B+PSNI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psni.police.uk%2Fabout-us%2Four-departments%2Foperational-support&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psni.police.uk/about-us/our-departments/people-and-organisational-development">"People and Organisational Development | PSNI"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=People+and+Organisational+Development+%26%23124%3B+PSNI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psni.police.uk%2Fabout-us%2Four-departments%2Fpeople-and-organisational-development&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psni.police.uk/about-us/our-departments/strategic-planning-and-transformation">"Strategic Planning and Transformation | PSNI"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Strategic+Planning+and+Transformation+%26%23124%3B+PSNI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psni.police.uk%2Fabout-us%2Four-departments%2Fstrategic-planning-and-transformation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psni.police.uk/about-us/our-departments/professional-standards-department">"Professional Standards Department | PSNI"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Professional+Standards+Department+%26%23124%3B+PSNI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psni.police.uk%2Fabout-us%2Four-departments%2Fprofessional-standards-department&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psni.police.uk/about-us/our-departments/corporate-services">"Corporate Services | PSNI"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Corporate+Services+%26%23124%3B+PSNI&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psni.police.uk%2Fabout-us%2Four-departments%2Fcorporate-services&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psni.police.uk/inside-psni/our-departments/operational-support/tactical-support-group/">"Tactical Support Group"</a>. <i>www.psni.police.uk</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190801134017/https://www.psni.police.uk/inside-psni/our-departments/operational-support/tactical-support-group/">Archived</a> from the original on 1 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.psni.police.uk&rft.atitle=Tactical+Support+Group&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psni.police.uk%2Finside-psni%2Four-departments%2Foperational-support%2Ftactical-support-group%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-patten-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-patten_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080513195243/http://cain.ulst.ac.uk/issues/police/patten/recommend.htm">"CAIN: The Patten Report on Policing: Summary of Recommendations, 9 September 1999"</a>. Cain.ulst.ac.uk. 9 September 1999. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CAIN%3A+The+Patten+Report+on+Policing%3A+Summary+of+Recommendations%2C+9+September+1999&rft.pub=Cain.ulst.ac.uk&rft.date=1999-09-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcain.ulst.ac.uk%2Fissues%2Fpolice%2Fpatten%2Frecommend.htm%23prof&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell2022" class="citation news cs1">Campbell, Niamh (31 January 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.belfasttelegraph.co.uk/news/northern-ireland/psni-officers-wear-brand-new-uniform-for-first-time-in-20-years-41294921.html">"PSNI officers wear brand new uniform for first time in 20 years"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Belfast_Telegraph" title="Belfast Telegraph">Belfast Telegraph</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Belfast+Telegraph&rft.atitle=PSNI+officers+wear+brand+new+uniform+for+first+time+in+20+years&rft.date=2022-01-31&rft.aulast=Campbell&rft.aufirst=Niamh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.belfasttelegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fnorthern-ireland%2Fpsni-officers-wear-brand-new-uniform-for-first-time-in-20-years-41294921.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.archive.org/web/20220808225200/https://www.legislation.gov.uk/nisr/2002/23/made">"Police Emblems and Flags Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2002"</a>. <i>www.legislation.gov.uk</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.legislation.gov.uk&rft.atitle=Police+Emblems+and+Flags+Regulations+%28Northern+Ireland%29+2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.legislation.gov.uk%2Fnisr%2F2002%2F23%2Fmade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psni.police.uk/sites/default/files/2022-10/01086%20Rebranding%20Attachment.pdf">"PSNI brand guidelines 2022"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PSNI+brand+guidelines+2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.psni.police.uk%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F2022-10%2F01086%2520Rebranding%2520Attachment.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.opsi.gov.uk/Sr/sr2002/20020023.htm">"Police Emblems and Flags Regulations (Northern Ireland) 2002"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 June</span> 2007</span>. <q>Unlike police forces in the rest of the United Kingdom, the PSNI is an armed force.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Northern+Ireland&rft.btitle=Encarta&rft.pub=msn&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fencarta.msn.com%2Fencnet%2Frefpages%2FRefArticle.aspx%3Frefid%3D761571415%26pn%3D6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psni.police.uk/globalassets/advice--information/our-publications/disclosure-logs/2008/organisational-informationgovernance/firearms_held_by_psni.pdf">"Freedom Of Information Request: F-2008-05034. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=%27Monumental%27+data+breach+exposes+names+of+entire+Northern+Ireland+police+force&rft.date=2023-08-09&rft.aulast=Edwards&rft.aufirst=Christian&rft.au=Hauser%2C+Jennifer&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2023%2F08%2F09%2Fuk%2Fpsni-data-breach-gbr-intl%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://twitter.com/LucidTalk/status/1693604309462643040/photo/3">"Do you have confidence in (a) the PSNI?, and (b) the Chief Constable: Simon Byrne?"</a>. <i>Twitter</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Northern Ireland Police Fund<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=About+NIPF&rft.au=Northern+Ireland+Police+Fund&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nipolicefund.gov.uk%2Fabout-nipf%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-police-fund-home-97"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-police-fund-home_97-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNorthern_Ireland_Police_Fund" class="citation news cs1">Northern Ireland Police Fund. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nipolicefund.gov.uk/">"Northern Ireland Police Fund"</a>. Northern Ireland Police Fund<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Northern+Ireland+Police+Fund&rft.au=Northern+Ireland+Police+Fund&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nipolicefund.gov.uk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APolice+Service+of+Northern+Ireland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Police_Service_of_Northern_Ireland" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Police Service of Northern Ireland">Police Service of Northern Ireland</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.psni.police.uk/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1482170#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">England</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avon_and_Somerset_Police" title="Avon and Somerset Police">Avon and Somerset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedfordshire_Police" title="Bedfordshire Police">Bedfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cambridgeshire_Constabulary" title="Cambridgeshire Constabulary">Cambridgeshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheshire_Constabulary" title="Cheshire Constabulary">Cheshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_London_Police" title="City of London Police">City of London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Police" title="Cleveland Police">Cleveland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cumbria_Constabulary" title="Cumbria Constabulary">Cumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Derbyshire_Constabulary" title="Derbyshire Constabulary">Derbyshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devon_and_Cornwall_Police" title="Devon and Cornwall Police">Devon & Cornwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dorset_Police" title="Dorset Police">Dorset</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_Constabulary" title="Durham Constabulary">Durham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essex_Police" title="Essex Police">Essex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloucestershire_Constabulary" title="Gloucestershire Constabulary">Gloucestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_Manchester_Police" title="Greater Manchester Police">Greater Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hampshire_and_Isle_of_Wight_Constabulary" title="Hampshire and Isle of Wight Constabulary">Hampshire and Isle of Wight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hertfordshire_Constabulary" title="Hertfordshire Constabulary">Hertfordshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humberside_Police" title="Humberside Police">Humberside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_Police" title="Kent Police">Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lancashire_Constabulary" title="Lancashire Constabulary">Lancashire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leicestershire_Police" title="Leicestershire Police">Leicestershire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincolnshire_Police" title="Lincolnshire Police">Lincolnshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merseyside_Police" title="Merseyside Police">Merseyside</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Police" title="Metropolitan Police">Metropolitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norfolk_Constabulary" title="Norfolk Constabulary">Norfolk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Yorkshire_Police" title="North Yorkshire Police">North Yorkshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northamptonshire_Police" title="Northamptonshire Police">Northamptonshire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northumbria_Police" title="Northumbria Police">Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nottinghamshire_Police" title="Nottinghamshire Police">Nottinghamshire</a></li> <li><a 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class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wales</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dyfed-Powys_Police" title="Dyfed-Powys Police">Dyfed-Powys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwent_Police" title="Gwent Police">Gwent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Wales_Police" title="North Wales Police">North Wales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Wales_Police" title="South Wales Police">South Wales</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scotland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Police_Scotland" title="Police Scotland">Police Scotland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Northern Ireland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div 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