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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perpustakaan_saat_ini" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perpustakaan_saat_ini"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Perpustakaan saat ini</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perpustakaan_saat_ini-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Referensi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Bibliografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Pranala luar</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Biblioteca Nacional de España</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 59 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-59" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">59 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasionale_Biblioteek_van_Spanje" title="Nasionale Biblioteek van Spanje – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Nasionale Biblioteek van Spanje" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="المكتبة الوطنية الإسبانية – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المكتبة الوطنية الإسبانية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%87" title="مكتبة اسبانيا الوطنيه – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مكتبة اسبانيا الوطنيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_d%27Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional d'España – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional d'España" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0spaniya_Milli_Kitabxanas%C4%B1" title="İspaniya Milli Kitabxanası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İspaniya Milli Kitabxanası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96" title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Іспаніі – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Іспаніі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%93%D1%96%D1%88%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%96" title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Гішпаніі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нацыянальная бібліятэка Гішпаніі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Национална библиотека на Испания – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Национална библиотека на Испания" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B2_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="बिब्लियोतिका नेशनल दे एस्पाना – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="बिब्लियोतिका नेशनल दे एस्पाना" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacionalna_biblioteka_%C5%A0panije" title="Nacionalna biblioteka Španije – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nacionalna biblioteka Španije" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_d%27Espanya" title="Biblioteca Nacional d'Espanya – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional d'Espanya" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%DB%8E%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%95%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%95%D8%AA%DB%95%D9%88%DB%95%DB%8C%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کتێبخانەی نەتەوەییی ئیسپانیا – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کتێبخانەی نەتەوەییی ئیسپانیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%A1rodn%C3%AD_knihovna_%C5%A0pan%C4%9Blska" title="Národní knihovna Španělska – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Národní knihovna Španělska" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional de España" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaniens_nationalbibliotek" title="Spaniens nationalbibliotek – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Spaniens nationalbibliotek" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanische_Nationalbibliothek" title="Spanische Nationalbibliothek – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Spanische Nationalbibliothek" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%B8%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BA%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%99%CF%83%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Εθνική Βιβλιοθήκη της Ισπανίας – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εθνική Βιβλιοθήκη της Ισπανίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional de España" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nacia_Biblioteko_de_Hispanio" title="Nacia Biblioteko de Hispanio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nacia Biblioteko de Hispanio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional de España" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espainiako_Liburutegi_Nazionala" title="Espainiako Liburutegi Nazionala – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Espainiako Liburutegi Nazionala" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="کتابخانه ملی اسپانیا – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کتابخانه ملی اسپانیا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espanjan_kansalliskirjasto" title="Espanjan kansalliskirjasto – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Espanjan kansalliskirjasto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioth%C3%A8que_nationale_d%27Espagne" title="Bibliothèque nationale d'Espagne – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bibliothèque nationale d'Espagne" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional de España" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional de España" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional de España" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%93" title="הספרייה הלאומית של ספרד – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הספרייה הלאומית של ספרד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanyol_Nemzeti_K%C3%B6nyvt%C3%A1r" title="Spanyol Nemzeti Könyvtár – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Spanyol Nemzeti Könyvtár" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BD%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB_%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Իսպանիայի ազգային գրադարան – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իսպանիայի ազգային գրադարան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nailian_a_Biblioteka_ti_Espania" title="Nailian a Biblioteka ti Espania – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Nailian a Biblioteka ti Espania" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_nazionale_di_Spagna" title="Biblioteca nazionale di Spagna – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Biblioteca nazionale di Spagna" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9A%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E5%9B%BD%E7%AB%8B%E5%9B%B3%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" title="スペイン国立図書館 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="スペイン国立図書館" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8A%A4%ED%8E%98%EC%9D%B8_%EA%B5%AD%EB%A6%BD%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C%EA%B4%80" title="스페인 국립도서관 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="스페인 국립도서관" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliotheca_Nationalis_Hispaniae" title="Bibliotheca Nationalis Hispaniae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Bibliotheca Nationalis Hispaniae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nasional_de_Espania" title="Biblioteca Nasional de Espania – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Biblioteca Nasional de Espania" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliot%C3%AAca_Na%C3%A7ion%C3%A2le_de_Sp%C3%A0gna" title="Bibliotêca Naçionâle de Spàgna – Liguria" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Bibliotêca Naçionâle de Spàgna" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Liguria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Национална библиотека на Шпанија – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Национална библиотека на Шпанија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpustakaan_Negara_Sepanyol" title="Perpustakaan Negara Sepanyol – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perpustakaan Negara Sepanyol" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional de España" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliot%C3%A8ca_Nacionala_d%27Espanha" title="Bibliotèca Nacionala d'Espanha – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bibliotèca Nacionala d'Espanha" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiszpa%C5%84ska_Biblioteka_Narodowa" title="Hiszpańska Biblioteka Narodowa – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Hiszpańska Biblioteka Narodowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86%D9%84_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B3%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%86" title="نیشنل لائبریری سپین – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نیشنل لائبریری سپین" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Espanha" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Espanha – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional da Espanha" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Na%C8%9Bional%C4%83_a_Spaniei" title="Biblioteca Națională a Spaniei – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Biblioteca Națională a Spaniei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Национальная библиотека Испании – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Национальная библиотека Испании" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A4%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A4_%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%94%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%BA" title="ස්පාඤ්ඤ ජාතික පුස්තකාලය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ස්පාඤ්ඤ ජාතික පුස්තකාලය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Library_of_Spain" title="National Library of Spain – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="National Library of Spain" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narodna_knji%C5%BEnica_%C5%A0panije" title="Narodna knjižnica Španije – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Narodna knjižnica Španije" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional de España" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%A8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Национална библиотека Шпаније – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Национална библиотека Шпаније" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spaniens_nationalbibliotek" title="Spaniens nationalbibliotek – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Spaniens nationalbibliotek" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8E%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="எசுப்பானிய தேசிய நூலகம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="எசுப்பானிய தேசிய நூலகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0spanya_Mill%C3%AE_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi" title="İspanya Millî Kütüphanesi – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İspanya Millî Kütüphanesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%97" title="Національна бібліотека Іспанії – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Національна бібліотека Іспанії" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España – Venesia" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Biblioteca Nacional de España" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C6%B0_vi%E1%BB%87n_Qu%E1%BB%91c_gia_T%C3%A2y_Ban_Nha" title="Thư viện Quốc gia Tây Ban Nha – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thư viện Quốc gia Tây Ban Nha" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasodnon_nga_Sulod-Barasahan_han_Espanya" title="Nasodnon nga Sulod-Barasahan han Espanya – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Nasodnon nga Sulod-Barasahan han Espanya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="西班牙国家图书馆 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="西班牙国家图书馆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q750403#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a" 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ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ededed;">Biblioteca Nacional de España</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:BNELogotipo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/72/BNELogotipo.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="125" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="100" data-file-height="125" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a_(Madrid)_09.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_09.jpg/250px-Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_09.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_09.jpg/375px-Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_09.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_09.jpg/500px-Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a_%28Madrid%29_09.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1736" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-overlays="["_68bc888e1cdce6f6ae46d6fd201b40bd177ef46f"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200.png?lang=id&domain=id.wikipedia.org&title=Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a&revid=25323654&groups=_68bc888e1cdce6f6ae46d6fd201b40bd177ef46f" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=id&domain=id.wikipedia.org&title=Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a&revid=25323654&groups=_68bc888e1cdce6f6ae46d6fd201b40bd177ef46f 2x" alt="Peta" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lokasi</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanyol" title="Spanyol">Spanyol</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Didirikan</th><td class="infobox-data">1712<span class="noprint">; 311 tahun lalu</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1712</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Landasan hukum</th><td class="infobox-data">Surat Keputusan 1581/1991pada tanggal 31 Oktober.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Koleksi</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Barang yang dikoleksi</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Buku" title="Buku">Buku</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jurnal_akademik" title="Jurnal akademik">jurnal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surat_kabar" class="mw-redirect" title="Surat kabar">surat kabar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Majalah" title="Majalah">majalah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rekaman_suara" class="mw-redirect" title="Rekaman suara">rekaman suara dan musik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paten" title="Paten">paten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Basis_data" class="mw-redirect" title="Basis data">basis data</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peta" title="Peta">peta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prangko" title="Prangko">prangko</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seni_grafis" title="Seni grafis">grafis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gambar" class="mw-redirect" title="Gambar">gambar</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Naskah" title="Naskah">naskah</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ukuran</th><td class="infobox-data">26,000,000 item, termasuk 15,000,000 buku dan bahan cetak lainnya, 30,000 manuskrip, 143,000 surat kabar dan serial, 4,500,000 bahan grafis, 510,000 skor musik, dll</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Perpustakaan_deposit" title="Perpustakaan deposit">Perpustakaan deposit</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Ya, berdasarkan Keputusan pada 23 Desember 1957</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Aksesi penggunaan</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Persyaratan akses</th><td class="infobox-data">Akses terhadap buku cetak setelah 1931 terbuka untuk siapa saja dengan kartu perpustakaan Biblioteca Nacional. Akses terhadap materi terbatas hanya diperbolehkan dengan kartu peneliti.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Jumlah keanggotaan</th><td class="infobox-data">115,707 pembaca pada tahun 2007. Para pengguna web pada tahun yang sama sebesar 1,800,935.</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Informasi lain</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Anggaran</th><td class="infobox-data">€47,380,860<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Direktur</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ana_Santos_Aramburo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ana Santos Aramburo (halaman belum tersedia)">Ana Santos Aramburo</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Karyawan</th><td class="infobox-data">1025 (termasuk karyawan eksternal)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Situs web</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.bne.es/">http://www.bne.es/</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:250px"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="font-size:120%; text-align:center">Perpustakaan Nasional Spanyol</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><i>Nama asli</i><br /> <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Spanyol" title="Bahasa Spanyol">bahasa Spanyol</a>: <span lang="es"><i>Biblioteca Nacional de España</i></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_(Madrid)_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_%28Madrid%29_02.jpg/250px-Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_%28Madrid%29_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_%28Madrid%29_02.jpg/375px-Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_%28Madrid%29_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_%28Madrid%29_02.jpg/500px-Plaza_de_Col%C3%B3n_%28Madrid%29_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2949" data-file-height="1301" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:bold">Letak</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanyol" title="Spanyol">Spanyol</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><div align="center" style="width:98%; border:4px solid #AA151B;"> <b><a href="/wiki/Bien_de_Inter%C3%A9s_Cultural" title="Bien de Interés Cultural">Spanish Property of Cultural Interest</a></b></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><i>Nama resmi: Biblioteca Nacional de España</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Jenis</th><td class="infobox-data">Tidak bergerak</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Kriteria</th><td class="infobox-data">Monumen</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Ditetapkan</th><td class="infobox-data">1983<sup id="cite_ref-bic_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bic-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">RI-51-0004908</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18624177">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:235px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:235px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:235px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Spain_location_map_with_provinces.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Biblioteca Nacional de España di Spanyol"><img alt="Biblioteca Nacional de España di Spanyol" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Spain_location_map_with_provinces.svg/235px-Spain_location_map_with_provinces.svg.png" decoding="async" width="235" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Spain_location_map_with_provinces.svg/353px-Spain_location_map_with_provinces.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Spain_location_map_with_provinces.svg/470px-Spain_location_map_with_provinces.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1579" data-file-height="1355" /></a></span><div class="od" style="top:40.992%;left:42.243%"><div class="id" style="left:-4px;top:-4px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Biblioteca Nacional de España"><img alt="Biblioteca Nacional de España" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/7px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/11px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/14px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Lokasi Perpustakaan Nasional Spanyol di Spanyol</div></div></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Biblioteca Nacional de España</b> (<i>Perpustakaan Nasional Spanyol</i>) adalah sebuah <a href="/wiki/Perpustakaan" title="Perpustakaan">perpustakaan</a> umum utama dan yang terbesar di Spanyol serta satu dari <a href="/wiki/Perpustakaan" title="Perpustakaan">perpustakaan</a> terbesar di dunia. Perpustakaan ini berlokasi di <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, tepatnya di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paseo_de_Recoletos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paseo de Recoletos (halaman belum tersedia)">Paseo de Recoletos</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Madrid_-_Biblioteca_Nacional_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Madrid_-_Biblioteca_Nacional_02.jpg/220px-Madrid_-_Biblioteca_Nacional_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="138" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Madrid_-_Biblioteca_Nacional_02.jpg/330px-Madrid_-_Biblioteca_Nacional_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Madrid_-_Biblioteca_Nacional_02.jpg/440px-Madrid_-_Biblioteca_Nacional_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2501" /></a><figcaption>Tangga dan pintu masuk utama dengan monumen menuju San Isidoro, Alonso Berruguete, Alfonso X el Sabio oleh José Alcoverro</figcaption></figure> <p>Perpustakaan ini didirikan oleh Raja <a href="/wiki/Philip_V_dari_Spanyol" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip V dari Spanyol">Philip V</a> pada tahun 1712 sebagai Perpustakaan Umum istana (Biblioteca Pública de Palacio). Surat Paten Kerajaan bahwa ia diberikan, pendahulu dari persyaratan deposit hukum saat ini, mewajibkan printer untuk mengirimkan salinan dari setiap buku yang dicetak di Spanyol ke perpustakaan. Pada 1836, status perpustakaan sebagai properti Mahkota dicabut dan kepemilikan dipindahkan ke Departemen Pemerintahan (Ministerio de la Gobernación). Pada waktu yang bersamaan, perpustakaan berganti nama menjadi Biblioteca Nacional. </p><p>Selama abad ke-19, penyitaan, pembelian dan sumbangan memungkinkan Biblioteca Nacional untuk memperoleh mayoritas buku antik dan berharga yang saat ini dipegang. Pada tanggal 16 Maret 1896, Biblioteca Nacional dibuka untuk umum di gedung yang sama di mana ia saat ini ditempatkan dan termasuk didalamnya Ruang Baca yang luas di lantai utama yang dirancang untuk menahan 320 pembaca. Pada tahun 1931 Ruang Baca direorganisasi, menyediakannya dengan koleksi utama dari karya referensi, dan Ruang Baca Umum diciptakan untuk dipenuhi mahasiswa, pekerja dan pembaca umum. </p><p>Selama <a href="/wiki/Perang_Saudara_Spanyol" title="Perang Saudara Spanyol">Perang Saudara Spanyol</a> sekitar 500.000 volume dikumpulkan oleh Komite Perampasan (Junta de Incautación) dan disimpan di Biblioteca Nacional untuk menjaga karya seni dan buku yang dipercaya saat itu dari instansi agama, istana dan rumah-rumah pribadi. Selama abad ke-20 banyak modifikasi yang dilakukan pada bangunan untuk mengadaptasi kamar dan repositori koleksi yang terus berkembang, dengan volume materi yang terus bertambah yang diterima setelah modifikasi persyaratan penyimpanan legal pada tahun 1958, dan karena berbagai karya yang dibeli oleh perpustakaan. Di antara pekerjaan bangunan ini, beberapa perubahan yang paling penting yang terbesar yakni perubahan yang dibuat pada tahun 1955 sebesar tiga kali lipat kapasitas repositori perpustakaan, yang dimulai pada tahun 1986 dan selesai pada tahun 2000, yang menyebabkan pembuatan gedung baru di <a href="/wiki/Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares" title="Alcalá de Henares">Alcalá de Henares</a> dan renovasi lengkap bangunan di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paseo_de_Recoletos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paseo de Recoletos (halaman belum tersedia)">Paseo de Recoletos</a>, Madrid. </p><p>Pada tahun 1986, ketika lembaga-lembaga bibliografi utama Spanyol - Perpustakaan surat kabar Nasional (Hemeroteca Nacional), Institut Bibliografi Spanyol (Instituto Bibliográfico Hispánico) dan Pusat Dokumentasi dan Penyimpanan Bibliografi (Centro del Tesoro Documental y Bibliográfico) - digabung ke dalam Biblioteca Nacional, perpustakaan ini didirikan sebagai Pusat Repositori Negara terhadap Memori Budaya Spanyol (Centro Estatal Depositario de la Memoria Cultural Española), membuat semua keluaran bibliografi Spanyol pada media apapun tersedia untuk Sistem Perpustakaan Spanyol dan peneliti nasional dan internasional serta lembaga-lembaga budaya dan pendidikan. Pada tahun 1990 Perpustakaan ini membuat Badan Otonom yang melekat pada Kementerian Kebudayaan Spanyol (Ministerio de Cultura). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perpustakaan_saat_ini">Perpustakaan saat ini</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Perpustakaan saat ini" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Perpustakaan saat ini"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Biblioteca Nacional adalah lembaga perpustakaan tertinggi Spanyol dan pimpinan Sistem Perpustakaan Spanyol. </p><p>Sebagai perpustakaan nasional di negara tersebut, ia bertanggung jawab untuk mengidentifikasi, melestarikan, melestarikan dan menyebarkan informasi tentang warisan dokumenter Spanyol dan bercita-cita untuk menjadi titik acuan untuk penelitian dalam budaya Spanyol. Sesuai dengan Anggaran Dasar, disahkan oleh Surat Keputusan Kerajaan 1581/1991 (R.D. 1581/1991) 31 Oktober, 1991, fungsi utamanya adalah untuk: </p> <blockquote> <p>• Mengkompilasi, mengkatalog dan melestarikan arsip bibliografi yang diproduksi dalam bahasa apapun dari negara Spanyol, atau bahasa lainnya, untuk tujuan penelitian, budaya dan informasi. </p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>• Mempromosikan penelitian melalui studi, pinjaman dan reproduksi arsip bibliografi nya. </p> </blockquote> <blockquote> <p>• Menyebarluaskan informasi pada hasil bibliografi Spanyol berdasarkan entri yang diterima melalui persyaratan deposit hukum </p> </blockquote> <p>Koleksi perpustakaan terdiri dari lebih dari 26,000,000 item, termasuk 15,000,000 buku dan bahan cetak lainnya, 30,000 manuskrip, 143,000 surat kabar dan serial, 4,500,000 bahan grafis, 510,000 skor musik, 500.000 peta, 600,000 rekaman suara, 90,000 audiovisual, 90,000 dokumen elektronik, lebih dari 500,000 microforms, dan lain sebagainya. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a_en_Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares_(RPS_10-03-2012).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a_en_Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares_%28RPS_10-03-2012%29.png/220px-Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a_en_Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares_%28RPS_10-03-2012%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a_en_Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares_%28RPS_10-03-2012%29.png/330px-Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a_en_Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares_%28RPS_10-03-2012%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a_en_Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares_%28RPS_10-03-2012%29.png/440px-Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a_en_Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares_%28RPS_10-03-2012%29.png 2x" data-file-width="3008" data-file-height="1373" /></a><figcaption>Gedung Perpustakaan Nasional Spanyol di <a href="/wiki/Alcal%C3%A1_de_Henares" title="Alcalá de Henares">Alcalá de Henares</a>.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">España (13 September 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boe.es/boe/dias/2011/09/13/pdfs/BOE-A-2011-14656.pdf">"Memoria: Organismo Autónomo Biblioteca Nacional de España Ejercicio 2010"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pdf)</span>. hlm. 97196<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">21 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Memoria%3A+Organismo+Aut%C3%B3nomo+Biblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a+Ejercicio+2010&rft.pages=97196&rft.date=2011-09-13&rft.au=Espa%C3%B1a&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boe.es%2Fboe%2Fdias%2F2011%2F09%2F13%2Fpdfs%2FBOE-A-2011-14656.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cultura.elpais.com/cultura/2013/02/18/actualidad/1361192058_186498.html">«Cultura releva a la directora de la Biblioteca Nacional»</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=El_Pa%C3%ADs&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="El País (halaman belum tersedia)">El País</a></i>. Diakses pada 26 Februari 2013.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bic-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bic_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mcu.es/patrimonio/CE/BienesCulturales.html">Database bangunan yang dilindungi</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mcu.es/bienes/cargarFiltroBienesMuebles.do?layout=bienesMuebles&cache=init&language=en">bergerak</a> dan <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mcu.es/bienes/cargarFiltroBienesInmuebles.do?layout=bienesInmuebles&cache=init&language=en">tidak bergerak</a>) pada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kementerian_Kebudayaan_(Spanyol)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kementerian Kebudayaan (Spanyol) (halaman belum tersedia)">Kementerian Kebudayaan Spanyol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Spanyol" title="Bahasa Spanyol">Bahasa Spanyol</a>).</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografi">Bibliografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Bibliografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Espa%C3%B1a&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bibliografi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite class="citation book">Carrion Gútiez, Manuel (1996). <i>The National Library</i>. Madrid: National Library. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/8481811491" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/8481811491">8481811491</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+National+Library&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pub=National+Library&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=8481811491&rft.aulast=Carrion+G%C3%BAtiez&rft.aufirst=Manuel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> membutuhkan <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#accessdate_missing_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation web">Dexeus, Mercedes (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mcu.es/principal/docs/novedades/2008/150Aniversario_MercedesDexeus.pdf">"The Optional Body at the beginning of the application of computer technology to libraries"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. <i>l Faculty Archivists, Librarians and Archaeologists. Past, present and future</i>. Madrid<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">May 10,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=l+Faculty+Archivists%2C+Librarians+and+Archaeologists.+Past%2C+present+and+future&rft.atitle=The+Optional+Body+at+the+beginning+of+the+application+of+computer+technology+to+libraries.&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Dexeus&rft.aufirst=Mercedes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mcu.es%2Fprincipal%2Fdocs%2Fnovedades%2F2008%2F150Aniversario_MercedesDexeus.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Tanggal dan tahun (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Tanggal_dan_tahun" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Tanggal dan tahun">link</a>) </span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati"><span title=" pranala nonaktif sejak Februari 2021">pranala nonaktif permanen</span></a></i>]</span></sup></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><i>bibliographic catalog of the manuscript collection of the National Library of Spain, prepared by Julian Martin Abad</i>. Madrid: National Library. 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=bibliographic+catalog+of+the+manuscript+collection+of+the+National+Library+of+Spain%2C+prepared+by+Julian+Martin+Abad&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pub=National+Library&rft.date=2010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Fernando Javier de la Cruz Perez (2008). <i>Francisco Ibáñez comic books</i>. Cuenca: Editions of the University of Castilla- La Mancha. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-84-8427-600-5" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-84-8427-600-5">978-84-8427-600-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Francisco+Ib%C3%A1%C3%B1ez+comic+books&rft.pub=Cuenca%3A+Editions+of+the+University+of+Castilla-+La+Mancha&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-84-8427-600-5&rft.au=Fernando+Javier+de+la+Cruz+Perez&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Spain (18 November 1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://boe.es/boe/dias/1971/11/18/pdfs/A18572-18576.pdf"><i>Order of 30 October 1971 amending Regulation Bibliographical Institute Hispanico, Chapter II is approved regulates the Legal Deposit</i></a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(pDF)</span>. Official State Bulletin. hlm. 18572–18576<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">21 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Order+of+30+October+1971+amending+Regulation+Bibliographical+Institute+Hispanico%2C+Chapter+II+is+approved+regulates+the+Legal+Deposit&rft.pages=18572-18576&rft.pub=Official+State+Bulletin&rft.date=1971-11-18&rft.au=Spain&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fboe.es%2Fboe%2Fdias%2F1971%2F11%2F18%2Fpdfs%2FA18572-18576.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Spain (March 3, 1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://boe.es/boe/dias/1973/03/03/pdfs/A04252-">04253.pdf <i>Order of February 20, 1973 the Ministry of Education and Science amending certain articles of the Regulation of the Bibliographical Institute Hispanico modified official State</i></a><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"> Periksa nilai <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Bulletin. hlm. 4252–4253<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">21 November</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Order+of+February+20%2C+1973+the+Ministry+of+Education+and+Science+amending+certain+articles+of+the+Regulation+of+the+Bibliographical+Institute+Hispanico+modified+official+State&rft.pages=4252-4253&rft.pub=Bulletin&rft.date=1973-03-03&rft.au=Spain&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fboe.es%2Fboe%2Fdias%2F1973%2F03%2F03%2Fpdfs%2FA04252-+04253.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pranala_mati" title="Wikipedia:Pranala mati"><span title=" pranala nonaktif sejak Januari 2023">pranala nonaktif permanen</span></a></i>]</span></sup></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Garcia Ejarque, Luis (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo">code = 224197 <i>National Library of Spain</i></a><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"> Periksa nilai <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#bad_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span>. <b>42</b>. Anabad Bulletin. hlm. 203–257. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0210-4164">0210-4164</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=National+Library+of+Spain&rft.pages=203-257&rft.pub=Anabad+Bulletin&rft.date=1992&rft.issn=0210-4164&rft.aulast=Garcia+Ejarque&rft.aufirst=Luis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdialnet.unirioja.es%2Fservlet%2Farticulo+code+%3D+224197&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Garcia Ejarque, Luis (1993). <i>Buildings occupied by the National Library since its founding</i>. <b>2</b>. Overview of information and documentation. hlm. 173–186.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Buildings+occupied+by+the+National+Library+since+its+founding&rft.pages=173-186&rft.pub=Overview+of+information+and+documentation&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Garcia+Ejarque&rft.aufirst=Luis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Garcia Ejarque, Luis (1994). <i>the privilege of receiving printed works to legal deposit in Spain</i>. Bulletin of the Andalusian Association of Librarians. hlm. 9–10.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=the+privilege+of+receiving+printed+works+to+legal+deposit+in+Spain&rft.pages=9-10&rft.pub=Bulletin+of+the+Andalusian+Association+of+Librarians&rft.date=1994&rft.aulast=Garcia+Ejarque&rft.aufirst=Luis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|month=</code> yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#parameter_ignored" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>); </span><span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> membutuhkan <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#accessdate_missing_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">García Ejarque, Luis (1997). <i>The Royal Library of SM and its staff (1712-1836)</i>. Association Friends of the Bibliotheca Alexandrina. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/8479521872" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/8479521872">8479521872</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Royal+Library+of+SM+and+its+staff+%281712-1836%29&rft.pub=Association+Friends+of+the+Bibliotheca+Alexandrina&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=8479521872&rft.aulast=Garc%C3%ADa+Ejarque&rft.aufirst=Luis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> membutuhkan <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#accessdate_missing_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Guastavino Gallent, William (1962). <i>The legal deposit of printed works in Spain; its history, its reorganization and results, 1958-1961</i>. Madrid: Department of Archives and Libraries. <a href="/wiki/OCLC" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/6467776">6467776</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+legal+deposit+of+printed+works+in+Spain%3B+its+history%2C+its+reorganization+and+results%2C+1958-1961&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pub=Department+of+Archives+and+Libraries&rft.date=1962&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F6467776&rft.aulast=Guastavino+Gallent&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> membutuhkan <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#accessdate_missing_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111216014042/http://www.bne.es/opencms/es/LaBNE/Historia/docs/historia_BNE.pdf">"History of the National Library of Spain"</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. Madrid. 29 November 2015. Diarsipkan dari <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bne.es/opencms/es/LaBNE/Historia/docs/historia_BNE.pdf">versi asli</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span> tanggal 2011-12-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. Diakses tanggal <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+the+National+Library+of+Spain&rft.place=Madrid&rft.date=2015-11-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bne.es%2Fopencms%2Fes%2FLaBNE%2FHistoria%2Fdocs%2Fhistoria_BNE.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Lunn, Jean (1988). <i>Recommendations for legal deposit legislation</i> (dalam bahasa French). In Alicia Giron. Madrid: Ministry of culture, General Directorate of Books and libraries. hlm. 5. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/8474834570" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/8474834570">8474834570</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Recommendations+for+legal+deposit+legislation&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pages=5&rft.pub=Ministry+of+culture%2C+General+Directorate+of+Books+and+libraries&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=8474834570&rft.aulast=Lunn&rft.aufirst=Jean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> membutuhkan <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#accessdate_missing_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span><span class="citation-comment" style="display:none; color:#33aa33; margin-left:0.3em">Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui (<a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pemeliharaan_CS1:_Bahasa_yang_tidak_diketahui" title="Kategori:Pemeliharaan CS1: Bahasa yang tidak diketahui">link</a>) </span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Martin Abad, Julian (1992). <i>Growth of the manuscript collection of the National Library in the nineteenth century: brief notes for a necessary story</i>. <b>42</b>. Bulletin ANABAD. hlm. 97–117.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Growth+of+the+manuscript+collection+of+the+National+Library+in+the+nineteenth+century%3A+brief+notes+for+a+necessary+story&rft.pages=97-117&rft.pub=Bulletin+ANABAD&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Martin+Abad&rft.aufirst=Julian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Martin Abad, Julian (2002). <i>New income of old printed at the National Library: XVI-XIX</i>. Madrid: National Library.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=New+income+of+old+printed+at+the+National+Library%3A+XVI-XIX&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pub=National+Library&rft.date=2002&rft.aulast=Martin+Abad&rft.aufirst=Julian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Navarro Thomas, Thomas (2005). "Archives and Libraries of the Spanish Republic during the war". <i>Library at war</i>. Madrid: National Library of Spain. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/8488699832" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/8488699832">8488699832</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Archives+and+Libraries+of+the+Spanish+Republic+during+the+war&rft.btitle=Library+at+war&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pub=National+Library+of+Spain&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=8488699832&rft.aulast=Navarro+Thomas&rft.aufirst=Thomas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> membutuhkan <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#accessdate_missing_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Oliván Plazaola, Montserrat (2009). <i>Status of legal deposit in Spain</i>. <b>80</b>. Archives et Bibliothèques de Belgique, Archief-in Bibliotheekwezen in België. hlm. 146 –155.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Status+of+legal+deposit+in+Spain&rft.pages=146+-155&rft.pub=Archives+et+Biblioth%C3%A8ques+de+Belgique%2C+Archief-in+Bibliotheekwezen+in+Belgi%C3%AB&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Oliv%C3%A1n+Plazaola&rft.aufirst=Montserrat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="display:none;font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Parameter <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|access-date=</code> membutuhkan <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|url=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Galat_CS1#accessdate_missing_url" title="Bantuan:Galat CS1">bantuan</a>)</span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><i>The Real Public Library, 1711-1760: Felipe Fernando VI</i>. Madrid: National Library. 2004.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Real+Public+Library%2C+1711-1760%3A+Felipe+Fernando+VI&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pub=National+Library&rft.date=2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Sanchez Mariana, Manuel (1993). <i>Spanish Bibliophiles: from its origins to the dawn of the twentieth century</i>. Madrid: National Library.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spanish+Bibliophiles%3A+from+its+origins+to+the+dawn+of+the+twentieth+century&rft.place=Madrid&rft.pub=National+Library&rft.date=1993&rft.aulast=Sanchez+Mariana&rft.aufirst=Manuel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Sanchez Mariana, Manuel (1996). <i>The formation of the collection of the Royal Library Public</i>. On: The book Palace and other library / study the care of Maria Luisa Lopez-Vidriero and Pedro M. Chair. Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca. hlm. 265-277.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+formation+of+the+collection+of+the+Royal+Library+Public&rft.pages=265-277&rft.pub=Ediciones+Universidad+de+Salamanca&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Sanchez+Mariana&rft.aufirst=Manuel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book">Santiago Paez, Elena (1992). <i>Funds Service Prints Drawings and National Library</i>. <b>42</b>. Bulletin ANABAD. hlm. 117-150.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Funds+Service+Prints+Drawings+and+National+Library&rft.pages=117-150&rft.pub=Bulletin+ANABAD&rft.date=1992&rft.aulast=Santiago+Paez&rft.aufirst=Elena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3ABiblioteca+Nacional+de+Espa%C3%B1a" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bne.es/es/LaBNE/MemoriasBN/docs/memoria_2011.pdf">Biblioteca Nacional de España. 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href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_berdaulat" title="Daftar negara berdaulat">Negara<br />berdaulat</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Albania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Albania (halaman belum tersedia)">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Andorra&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Andorra (halaman belum tersedia)">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Armenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Armenia (halaman belum tersedia)">Armenia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpustakaan_Nasional_Austria" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Austria">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpustakaan_Nasional_Azerbaijan" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpustakaan_Nasional_Belanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Belanda">Belanda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Belarus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Belarus (halaman belum tersedia)">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Belgia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Belgia (halaman belum tersedia)">Belgia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Bosnia_dan_Herzegovina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Bosnia dan Herzegovina (halaman belum tersedia)">Bosnia dan Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Britania_Raya&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Britania Raya (halaman belum tersedia)">Britania Raya</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Inggris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Inggris (halaman belum tersedia)">Inggris</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Irlandia_Utara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Irlandia Utara (halaman belum tersedia)">Irlandia Utara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Skotlandia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Skotlandia (halaman belum tersedia)">Skotlandia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Wales (halaman belum tersedia)">Wales</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Bulgaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Bulgaria (halaman belum tersedia)">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Ceko&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Ceko (halaman belum tersedia)">Ceko</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Denmark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Denmark (halaman belum tersedia)">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Estonia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Estonia (halaman belum tersedia)">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Finlandia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Finlandia (halaman belum tersedia)">Finlandia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Georgia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Georgia (halaman belum tersedia)">Georgia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Hungaria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Hungaria (halaman belum tersedia)">Hungaria</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Republik_Irlandia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Irlandia (halaman belum tersedia)">Republik Irlandia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Islandia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Islandia (halaman belum tersedia)">Islandia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Italia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Italia (halaman belum tersedia)">Italia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpustakaan_Nasional_Jerman" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Jerman">Jerman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpustakaan_Nasional_Kazakhstan" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Kroasia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Kroasia (halaman belum tersedia)">Kroasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpustakaan_Nasional_Latvia" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Latvia">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Liechtenstein&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Liechtenstein (halaman belum tersedia)">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Lituania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Lituania (halaman belum tersedia)">Lituania</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Luksemburg&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Luksemburg (halaman belum tersedia)">Luksemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Makedonia_Utara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Makedonia Utara (halaman belum tersedia)">Makedonia Utara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Malta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Malta (halaman belum tersedia)">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Moldova&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Moldova (halaman belum tersedia)">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Monako&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Monako (halaman belum tersedia)">Monako</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Montenegro&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Montenegro (halaman belum tersedia)">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Norwegia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Norwegia (halaman belum tersedia)">Norwegia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Polandia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Polandia (halaman belum tersedia)">Polandia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Portugal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Portugal (halaman belum tersedia)">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Prancis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Prancis (halaman belum tersedia)">Prancis</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Rumania&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Rumania (halaman belum tersedia)">Rumania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpustakaan_Nasional_Rusia" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Rusia">Rusia</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_San_Marino&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional San Marino (halaman belum tersedia)">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpustakaan_Nasional_Serbia" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Siprus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Siprus (halaman belum tersedia)">Siprus</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Slovenia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Slovenia (halaman belum tersedia)">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Slowakia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Slowakia (halaman belum tersedia)">Slowakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpustakaan_Nasional_Spanyol" class="mw-redirect" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Spanyol">Spanyol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Swedia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Swedia (halaman belum tersedia)">Swedia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Swiss&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Swiss (halaman belum tersedia)">Swiss</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Turki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Turki (halaman belum tersedia)">Turki</a><sup><small>2</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Ukraina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Ukraina (halaman belum tersedia)">Ukraina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Vatikan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Vatikan (halaman belum tersedia)">Vatikan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Yunani&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Yunani (halaman belum tersedia)">Yunani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Daftar_negara_dengan_pengakuan_terbatas" title="Daftar negara dengan pengakuan terbatas">Negara dengan<br />pengakuan terbatas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Abkhazia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Abkhazia (halaman belum tersedia)">Abkhazia</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perpustakaan_Nasional_Kosovo" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Republik_Artsakh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Artsakh (halaman belum tersedia)">Republik Artsakh</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Ossetia_Selatan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Ossetia Selatan (halaman belum tersedia)">Ossetia Selatan</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Siprus_Utara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Siprus Utara (halaman belum tersedia)">Siprus Utara</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Transnistria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Transnistria (halaman belum tersedia)">Transnistria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Wilayah_dependensi" title="Wilayah dependensi">Dependensi</a> dan<br />wilayah lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_%C3%85land&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Åland (halaman belum tersedia)">Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Kepulauan_Faroe&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Kepulauan Faroe (halaman belum tersedia)">Kepulauan Faroe</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Gibraltar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Gibraltar (halaman belum tersedia)">Gibraltar</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Guernsey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Guernsey (halaman belum tersedia)">Guernsey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Jersey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Jersey (halaman belum tersedia)">Jersey</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Pulau_Man&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Pulau Man (halaman belum tersedia)">Pulau Man</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Perpustakaan_Nasional_Svalbard&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Perpustakaan Nasional Svalbard (halaman belum tersedia)">Svalbard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>1</sup></span> Terkadang dimasukkan ke <a href="/wiki/Asia" title="Asia">Asia</a>, tergantung definisi perbatasan. <span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>2</sup></span> <a href="/wiki/Negara_lintas_benua" title="Negara lintas benua">Negara lintas benua</a>.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r23782733"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r25847331"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750403#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Pengawasan_otoritas_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750403#identifiers&#124;Sunting_ini_di_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengawasan_otoritas" title="Bantuan:Pengawasan otoritas">Pengawasan otoritas</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750403#identifiers" title="Sunting ini di Wikidata"><img alt="Sunting ini di Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Umum</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1027025-5">Integrated Authority File (Jerman)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ISNI_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISNI (identifier)">ISNI</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000417659012">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIAF_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="VIAF (identifier)">VIAF</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/144917275">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/144917275">WorldCat (via VIAF)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpustakaan nasional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX4891886">Spanyol</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX138802">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11873556v">Prancis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11873556v">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cantic.bnc.cat/registres/CUCId/a10050395">Catalunya</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cantic.bnc.cat/registres/CUCId/a10968167">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n79007200">Amerika Serikat</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000200423&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20010709445&CON_LNG=ENG">Republik Ceko</a></span> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ko2009541427&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35391277">Australia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000020549&local_base=nlx10">Israel</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000075985&local_base=nsk10">Kroasia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/auth/336472">Swedia</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/494_70872">Vatikan</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lembaga penelitian seni</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500302319">Artist Names (Getty)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Basis data ilmiah</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA06211279?l=en">CiNii (Jepang)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/529514/">Faceted Application of Subject Terminology</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RISM_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="RISM (identifier)">RISM (Prancis)</a> <ul><li><span class="error">The RISM id institutions/74011 is not valid.</span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SUDOC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="SUDOC (identifier)">SUDOC (Prancis)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026498545">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trove_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Trove (identifier)">Trove (Australia)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/959980">1</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: 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identifiers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Perpustakaan_di_Spanyol" title="Kategori:Perpustakaan di Spanyol">Perpustakaan di Spanyol</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Bangunan_dan_struktur_di_Spanyol" title="Kategori:Bangunan dan struktur di Spanyol">Bangunan dan struktur di Spanyol</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Mapframe_Infobox_tanpa_hubungan_OSM_di_Wikidata" title="Kategori:Mapframe Infobox tanpa hubungan OSM di Wikidata">Mapframe Infobox tanpa hubungan OSM di Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_mengandung_aksara_Spanyol" title="Kategori:Artikel mengandung aksara Spanyol">Artikel mengandung aksara Spanyol</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Halaman_yang_menggunakan_rujukan_dengan_accessdate_dan_tanpa_URL" title="Kategori:Halaman yang menggunakan rujukan dengan accessdate dan tanpa URL">Halaman yang menggunakan rujukan dengan accessdate dan 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penanda NKC">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NKC</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_NLA" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NLA">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NLA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_NLI" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NLI">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NLI</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_NSK" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NSK">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda NSK</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_SELIBR" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda SELIBR">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda SELIBR</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_VcBA" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda VcBA">Artikel Wikipedia dengan penanda VcBA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Artikel_Wikipedia_dengan_penanda_ULAN" title="Kategori:Artikel Wikipedia 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