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class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=zh.wikipedia.org&uselang=zh"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-歷史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>歷史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歷史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-應用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#應用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>應用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-應用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-電子型轉換器" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#電子型轉換器"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>電子型轉換器</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-電子型轉換器-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关電子型轉換器子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-電子型轉換器-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-磁場儲能" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#磁場儲能"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>磁場儲能</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-磁場儲能-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-電容儲能" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#電容儲能"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>電容儲能</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-電容儲能-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-機電型轉換器" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#機電型轉換器"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>機電型轉換器</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-機電型轉換器-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-電化學型轉換器" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#電化學型轉換器"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>電化學型轉換器</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-電化學型轉換器-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考資料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考資料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>參考資料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考資料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相關條目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相關條目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>相關條目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相關條目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>外部連接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="目录" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">直流-直流轉換器</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。22种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-22" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">22种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%84_%D8%AC%D9%87%D8%AF_%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%B1" title="مبدل جهد مستمر – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مبدل جهد مستمر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC-DC_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="DC-DC преобразувател – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="DC-DC преобразувател" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convertidor_DC-DC" title="Convertidor DC-DC – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Convertidor DC-DC" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC-DC_m%C4%9Bni%C4%8D" title="DC-DC měnič – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="DC-DC měnič" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC-til-DC-konverter" title="DC-til-DC-konverter – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="DC-til-DC-konverter" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleichspannungswandler" title="Gleichspannungswandler – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gleichspannungswandler" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC-to-DC_converter" title="DC-to-DC converter – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="DC-to-DC converter" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convertidor_DC_a_DC" title="Convertidor DC a DC – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Convertidor DC a DC" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alalispingemuundur" title="Alalispingemuundur – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Alalispingemuundur" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC-DC_konbertsore" title="DC-DC konbertsore – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="DC-DC konbertsore" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%84_%D8%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D9%87_%D8%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="مبدل دی‌سی به دی‌سی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مبدل دی‌سی به دی‌سی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convertisseur_DC-DC" title="Convertisseur DC-DC – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Convertisseur DC-DC" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%9D_%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%AA%D7%92%D7%99%D7%9D" title="ממירי זרם ישר ממותגים – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ממירי זרם ישר ממותגים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%95" title="डीसी से डीसी परिवर्तक – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="डीसी से डीसी परिवर्तक" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konverter_DC_ke_DC" title="Konverter DC ke DC – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Konverter DC ke DC" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convertitore_DC-DC" title="Convertitore DC-DC – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Convertitore DC-DC" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%94%94%EC%8B%9C%EB%94%94%EC%8B%9C%EC%BB%A8%EB%B2%84%ED%84%B0" title="디시디시컨버터 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="디시디시컨버터" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversor_CC/CC" title="Conversor CC/CC – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Conversor CC/CC" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F_-_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF" title="நேரோட்ட - நேரோட்ட மாற்றி – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நேரோட்ட - நேரோட்ட மாற்றி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81_%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="డిసి టు డిసి కన్వర్టర్ – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="డిసి టు డిసి కన్వర్టర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/DC-DC_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%87" title="DC-DC перетворювач – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="DC-DC перетворювач" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="直流-直流轉換器 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="直流-直流轉換器" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1635352#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project:上传" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&oldid=85968941" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&id=85968941&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%259B%25B4%25E6%25B5%2581-%25E7%259B%25B4%25E6%25B5%2581%25E8%25BD%2589%25E6%258F%259B%25E5%2599%25A8"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E7%259B%25B4%25E6%25B5%2581-%25E7%259B%25B4%25E6%25B5%2581%25E8%25BD%2589%25E6%258F%259B%25E5%2599%25A8"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:DC-to-DC_converter_integrated_circuits" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1635352" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">（重定向自<a href="/w/index.php?title=DC-DC%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="DC-DC轉換器">DC-DC轉換器</a>）</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>「<b>直流变压器</b>」重定向至此。關於由<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%82%E9%9B%BB" title="市電">市電</a>轉換為<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB" title="直流電">直流電</a>的電氣設備，請見「<b><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E9%80%82%E9%85%8D%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="交流适配器">交流適配器</a></b>」。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output 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0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-subgroup,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-subgroup,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks vcard hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background-color: yellow">系列之一</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color: yellow"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%B8" title="電力工程學">電力工程學</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: wheat"> 電力轉換</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電壓轉換器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Voltage converter"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E5%A3%93%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電壓轉換器（页面不存在）">電壓轉換器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_converter" class="extiw" title="en:Voltage converter"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Voltage converter</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%98%E6%B5%81%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="变流技术">電力轉換</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="高壓直流換流站" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="HVDC converter station"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%AB%98%E5%A3%93%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E6%8F%9B%E6%B5%81%E7%AB%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="高壓直流換流站（页面不存在）">高壓直流換流站</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HVDC_converter_station" class="extiw" title="en:HVDC converter station"><span lang="en" dir="auto">HVDC converter station</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81/%E4%BA%A4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="交流/交流轉換器">交流/交流轉換器</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">直流-直流轉換器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B4%E6%B5%81%E5%99%A8" title="整流器">整流器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%86%E8%AE%8A%E5%99%A8" title="逆變器">功率逆變器</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: wheat"> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E5%9F%BA%E7%A4%8E%E8%A8%AD%E6%96%BD" title="Category:電力基礎設施">電力基礎設施</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="電力系統">電力系統</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E5%BB%A0" title="發電廠">發電廠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%B8%E9%9B%BB%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" title="輸電網路">輸電網路</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="互聯電網" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Interconnector"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%92%E8%81%AF%E9%9B%BB%E7%B6%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="互聯電網（页面不存在）">互聯電網</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interconnector" class="extiw" title="en:Interconnector"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Interconnector</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%80%E9%87%8F%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89" title="需量反應">需量反應</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background-color: wheat"> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9B%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%BB%84%E4%BB%B6" title="Category:电力系统组件">電力系統組件</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content hlist"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="環網開關櫃" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ring main unit"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%92%B0%E7%B6%B2%E9%96%8B%E9%97%9C%E6%AB%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="環網開關櫃（页面不存在）">環網開關櫃</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ring_main_unit" class="extiw" title="en:Ring main unit"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ring main unit</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B6%E7%BD%91%E9%80%86%E5%8F%98%E5%99%A8" title="并网逆变器">併網逆變器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%82%A8%E8%83%BD%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="储能技术">儲能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%8D%E7%BA%BF_(%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9B)" title="母线 (电力)">匯流排 (電力)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%8D%E7%BA%BF%E6%A7%BD" title="母线槽">母線槽</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自動重合閘" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Recloser"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E5%8B%95%E9%87%8D%E5%90%88%E9%96%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自動重合閘（页面不存在）">自動重合閘</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recloser" class="extiw" title="en:Recloser"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Recloser</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E7%BB%A7%E7%94%B5%E5%99%A8" title="保护继电器">保護電驛</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%81%B4%E9%82%8A%E6%AC%84" title="Template:電力工程側邊欄"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%81%B4%E9%82%8A%E6%AC%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:電力工程側邊欄（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%9B%BB%E5%8A%9B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%81%B4%E9%82%8A%E6%AC%84" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:電力工程側邊欄"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>直流-直流轉換器</b>（DC-to-DC converter）又稱<b>DC-DC轉換器</b>、<b>直流變壓器</b>、<b>直流變換器</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%98%E6%B5%81%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="变流技术">電能轉換</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="電路">電路</a>或是機電設備，可以將<a href="/wiki/%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81" class="mw-redirect" title="直流">直流</a>（DC）電源轉換為不同<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%A3%93" title="電壓">電壓</a>的直流（或近似直流）電源。其功率範圍可以從很小（小的電池）到非常大（高壓電源轉換）。有些直流-直流轉換器的輸出電壓和輸入電壓有相同的參考點，而有些直流-直流轉換器的輸出電壓是和輸入電壓<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%B0%A3%E9%9A%94%E9%9B%A2" title="電氣隔離">隔離</a>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2"></span>歷史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：歷史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="功率半導體元件" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Power semiconductor device"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%9F%E7%8E%87%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94%E5%85%83%E4%BB%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="功率半導體元件（页面不存在）">功率半導體元件</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_semiconductor_device" class="extiw" title="en:Power semiconductor device"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Power semiconductor device</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%9B%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90" class="mw-redirect" title="电力电子">電力電子</a>等相關技術產生之前，若要將小功率的直流電轉換成較高電壓的直流電，可以先用<span class="ilh-all ilh-blue" data-orig-title="振盪電路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="vibrator (electronic)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AF%E8%8D%A1%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="振荡电路">振盪電路</a></span></span>先轉換為交流，再用升壓<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%8A%E5%A3%93%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="變壓器">變壓器</a>升壓，最後再用<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B4%E6%B5%81%E5%99%A8" title="整流器">整流器</a>轉換為直流<sup id="cite_ref-vib_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vib-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Brorein2012_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Brorein2012-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。若是較大功率的直流電壓轉換，會用<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="電動機">電動機</a>驅動<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="發電機">發電機</a>（有時會整合成<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F" title="電動發電機">電動發電機</a>單元，在一個單元中同時有馬達和發電機，一個繞組驅動電動機，另一個繞組產生輸出電壓）。這些是比較沒有效率的做法，其費用也較貴，但當時并未有其他更好的做法，像是驅動早期的汽車音響（其中使用的熱電子管或是真空管工作電壓遠高於汽車中6V或12V的電壓）<sup id="cite_ref-vib_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vib-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。功率半導體及積體電路的出現，使用一些新式電路的成本開始下降，是一般應用可以負荷的價格。比較便宜。這些新式電路包括將直流電轉換為高頻的交流電，配合一個較小、較低也較便宜的變壓器來轉換交流電壓，再用整流器再轉換成直流<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1976年時汽車收音機開始使用電晶體，不需要高電壓。而使用電晶體的電源供應器也已可以取得，不過仍有些<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9A%E4%BD%99%E6%97%A0%E7%BA%BF%E7%94%B5" title="业余无线电">业余无线电</a>使用者使用震盪電路及<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F" title="電動發電機">電動發電機</a>的電源作為需要高電壓的無線電發射台電源。<sup id="cite_ref-arrl1976_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arrl1976-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>利用線性電路是可以從較高直流電壓中產生較低的電壓，甚至使用電阻分壓也有類似效果。但這些方式會將多餘的能量以發熱的方式消耗，效率不佳。一直到後來固態切換電路出現後，才有效率較高的直流-直流轉換器。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="應用"><span id=".E6.87.89.E7.94.A8"></span>應用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：應用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>直流-直流轉換器常用在像<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%B5%E8%AF%9D" title="移动电话">移动电话</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%86%E8%A8%98%E5%9E%8B%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6" title="筆記型電腦">筆記型電腦</a>等，主要由<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%B1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="電池">電池</a>供電的行動設備裡。這類的電子設備中常有許多的子<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="電路">電路</a>，需要的電源電壓也和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%B1%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="電池">電池</a>或是外部電源提供的電源不同。而且當電池的電量減少時，其電壓也會下降。開關式的直流-直流轉換器可以配合一個電壓已下降的電池使用，讓提供電路的電壓維持在一定範圍內，因此不需要用多個電池來達到此一目的。 </p><p>大部份的直流-直流轉換器也會將輸出的電壓進行穩壓，不過也有些例外，像是高效率的<a href="/wiki/LED%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="LED驱动电路">LED驱动电路</a>是調節給LED電流的直流-直流轉換器，還有簡單的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%8D%B7%E6%B3%B5" title="電荷泵">電荷泵</a>，是將輸出電壓加大為原來的二倍或三倍。 </p><p>直流-直流轉換器也可以配合<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E4%BC%8F%E9%99%A3%E5%88%97" title="光伏陣列">光伏陣列</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%A8%E5%8A%9B%E7%99%BC%E5%8B%95%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="風力發動機">風力發動機</a>使用，目的是要讓收集到最多的能量，這類設備稱為<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="電源優化器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="power optimizer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%BB%E6%BA%90%E5%84%AA%E5%8C%96%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="電源優化器（页面不存在）">電源優化器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/power_optimizer" class="extiw" title="en:power optimizer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">power optimizer</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>。 </p><p>一般用在市電電源50–60 Hz的變壓器，若功率要超過幾瓦，其體積就會很大，而且很笨重，而且繞組銅損及鐵心的渦電流都會造成能量損失。直流-直流轉換器會設計電路，讓變壓器或是電感可以在較高的頻率工作，因此元件較小、較輕、價值也較價宜。甚至這類元件會用在一些原來用傳統市電頻率變壓器的場合。例如，家用電氣設備常會將市電電源先整流成直流電，用開關電源供應器的技術轉換為所需電壓的高頻交流電，最後再整流到對應電壓的直流電。整個電路比傳統配合變壓器及整流器的系統要複雜，但價格便宜，效率也會比較好。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="電子型轉換器"><span id=".E9.9B.BB.E5.AD.90.E5.9E.8B.E8.BD.89.E6.8F.9B.E5.99.A8"></span>電子型轉換器</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：電子型轉換器"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>實際應用的電子式直流轉換器會使用開關切換的技術。直流-直流的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%85%B3%E7%94%B5%E6%BA%90" class="mw-redirect" title="开关电源">开关电源</a>可以將能量暫時儲存，再透過輸出電壓釋放，可以將直流電壓轉換為較高或是較低電壓的直流電。能量的儲存可以儲存在電場（<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AE%B9%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="電容器">電容器</a>）或是磁場（<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%84%9F%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="電感器">電感器</a>或是<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%8A%E5%A3%93%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="變壓器">變壓器</a>）。這種轉換方式可以昇壓也可以降壓，切換式的轉換效率可以到75%~98%，比<a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%9A%E6%80%A7%E9%9B%BB%E5%A3%93%E8%AA%BF%E7%AF%80%E5%99%A8" title="線性電壓調節器">線性電壓調節器</a>（會將不需要的能量以熱的方式消耗）的效率要好。為了效率考量，其中的半導體元件開啟或關閉的速度要相當快，不過因為有快速的暫態，加上電路佈局上會有的雜散元件，讓電路的設計更有挑戰性<sup id="cite_ref-Howard2015_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howard2015-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。开关电源的高效率減少了散熱片的大小或體積，也提昇了可攜式設備用電池供電時，可以運作的時間。在1980年代後期，因為功率級<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%BA%E6%95%88%E5%BA%94%E7%AE%A1" title="场效应管">场效应管</a>的出現，可以在較高頻率下有比功率級<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8C%E6%9E%81%E6%80%A7%E6%99%B6%E4%BD%93%E7%AE%A1" title="双极性晶体管">双极性晶体管</a>更低的切換損失，因此效率也可以進一步的提昇，而且场效应管的驅動電路也比較簡單。另一個开关电源的重要突破是用功率級场效应管的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%8B%95%E6%95%B4%E6%B5%81" title="主動整流">主動整流</a>技術代替<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9B%E8%BC%AA%E4%BA%8C%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="飛輪二極體">飛輪二極體</a><sup id="cite_ref-Sangwine2007_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sangwine2007-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，其導通電壓較低，也可以降低切換損失。在功率半導體廣為應用之前，低功率的直流-直流同步整流器中包括一個機電式的震盪器，震盪後的電透過降壓變壓器，輸出給真空管、半導體整流器、或是和震盪器連接的同步整流器。 </p><p>大部份直流-直流轉換器是設計單向轉換，功率只能從輸入側流到輸出側。不過所有開關電壓轉換器的拓撲都可改為雙向轉換，可以讓功率從輸出側流回輸入側，方式是將所有的二極體都改為獨立控制的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E5%8B%95%E6%95%B4%E6%B5%81" title="主動整流">主動整流</a>。雙向轉換器可以用在像車輛之類，需要<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E5%88%B6%E5%8B%95" title="再生制動">再生制動</a>的應用，在車輛運行時，是由轉換器供電給車輪，但在煞車時，會反過來由車輪供電給轉換器。 </p><p>切換型的轉換器以電子學的角度來看，其實比較複雜，不過因為許多電路都封裝在積體電路中，需要的零件較少。在電路設計時，為了讓切換雜訊（<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E5%B9%B2%E6%93%BE" title="電磁干擾">EMI / RFI</a>）降到可容許範圍，而且要讓高頻電路可以穩定運作，需要小心的設計電路以及實際電路及元件的佈局<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。若是在降壓的應用中，切換型轉換器成本比線性轉換器要高，不過隨著晶片設計的進步，切換型轉換器的成本也在漸漸下降。 </p><p>直流-直流轉換器可以用<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%8D%E9%AB%94%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="積體電路">積體電路</a>（IC）再加上幾個零件的方式組成，也有轉換器本身就是完整的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="併合積體電路" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="hybrid circuit"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BD%B5%E5%90%88%E7%A9%8D%E9%AB%94%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="併合積體電路（页面不存在）">併合積體電路</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/hybrid_circuit" class="extiw" title="en:hybrid circuit"><span lang="en" dir="auto">hybrid circuit</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>模組，只需要組裝在電路板上即可使用。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%9A%E6%80%A7%E9%9B%BB%E5%A3%93%E8%AA%BF%E7%AF%80%E5%99%A8" title="線性電壓調節器">線性電壓調節器</a>可以從電壓較高但可能不穩定的直流電壓源中轉換出穩定的直流電壓，輸入輸出電壓差對應的功率則依<a href="/wiki/%E7%84%A6%E8%80%B3%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="焦耳定律">焦耳定律</a>轉換為熱能耗散出去，以定義上來看，可以算是直流-直流轉換器，但實務上很少這麼稱呼線性電壓調節器。電阻分壓電路也可以產生和輸入電壓不同的輸出電壓，可能會加上<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%B3%E5%8E%8B%E5%99%A8" title="稳压器">稳压器</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E9%BD%8A%E7%B4%8D%E4%BA%8C%E6%A5%B5%E9%AB%94" title="齊納二極體">齊納二極體</a>調節輸出電壓，不過也很少被稱為直流-直流轉換器。 </p><p>也有一些電容型的<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%8D%E5%A3%93%E5%99%A8" title="倍壓器">倍壓器</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E5%80%8D%E5%8E%8B%E5%99%A8" title="多倍压器">多倍压器</a>，可以將直流電壓放大兩倍、三倍或是其他整數倍，多半會用在輸出小電流的應用上。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="磁場儲能"><span id=".E7.A3.81.E5.A0.B4.E5.84.B2.E8.83.BD"></span>磁場儲能</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：磁場儲能"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>這類的直流-直流轉換器會周期性將能量儲存在<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%84%9F%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="電感器">電感器</a>或是<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%8A%E5%A3%93%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="變壓器">變壓器</a>產生的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E5%A0%B4" title="磁場">磁場</a>中，再周期性的釋放其儲能，周期約在300 kHz至10 MHz的範圍。轉換器的控制是透過調整<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A0%E7%A9%BA%E6%AF%94" title="占空比">占空比</a>（周期中導通時間所佔的比例），控制的目的是為了調整輸入電流、輸出電壓或是維持固定的功率輸出。若是有變壓器的直流-直流轉換器，可以提供和輸入電壓<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E6%B0%A3%E9%9A%94%E9%9B%A2" title="電氣隔離">隔離</a>的輸出電壓。一般所指的「直流-直流轉換器」其實是指這種磁場儲能的轉換器，這類電路也是<a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%80%E5%85%B3%E7%94%B5%E6%BA%90" class="mw-redirect" title="开关电源">開關電源</a>的核心元件。有許多不同的組態。以下列出一些常見的組態。 </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="10%"> </th> <th width="45%">順向式（能量直接透過磁場傳遞） </th> <th width="45%">返馳式（能量會儲存在磁場中） </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3">無變壓器（非隔離） </th> <td><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%8D%E5%8E%8B%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2%E5%99%A8" title="降压变换器">降压型</a>（buck）：輸出電壓比輸入電壓小，極性相同</li></ul></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>非反相型：輸出電壓極性和輸出電壓相同<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520" /><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left:1.6em;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%87%E5%A3%93%E8%AE%8A%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="升壓變換器">升壓型</a>（boost）：輸出電壓比輸入電壓大</li><li><a href="/wiki/SEPIC%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="SEPIC变换器">SEPIC</a>：輸出電壓可以比輸入電壓大，也可以比輸入電壓小</li></ul></div></li><li>反相型：輸出電壓極性和輸出電壓相反<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520" /><div class="plainlist" style="margin-left:1.6em;"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%8D%E5%A3%93-%E5%8D%87%E5%A3%93%E8%AE%8A%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="降壓-升壓變換器">反相型</a>（buck-boost）</li><li><a href="/wiki/%C4%86uk%E5%8F%98%E6%8D%A2%E5%99%A8" title="Ćuk变换器">Ćuk</a>：輸出電流連續</li></ul></div></li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%8D%E5%A3%93-%E5%8D%87%E5%A3%93%E8%AE%8A%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="降壓-升壓變換器">非反相型</a>（buck-boost）：輸出電壓可以比輸入電壓大，也可以比輸入電壓小，極性和輸入電壓相同</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" align="center"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Split-pi%E8%AE%8A%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="Split-pi變換器">Split-pi</a>（boost-buck）：允許雙向的電壓轉換，輸出電壓可以比輸入電壓大，也可以比輸入電壓小，極性和輸入電壓相同</li></ul></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th>有變壓器（隔離） </th> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%86%E5%90%91%E5%BC%8F%E8%AE%8A%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="順向式變換器">順向式變換器</a>：一個或是二個功率晶體</li><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%A8%E6%8C%BD%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="推挽轉換器">推挽式</a>（半橋）：二個功率晶體</li><li><a href="/wiki/H%E6%A1%A5" title="H桥">全橋</a>：四個功率晶體</li></ul></div> </td> <td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%94%E9%A6%B3%E5%BC%8F%E8%AE%8A%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="返馳式變換器">返馳式變換器</a> ：一個功率晶體</li></ul></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>以外，上述組態也可以有以下的差異： </p> <dl><dt>硬切換</dt> <dd>較簡單的方式，功率晶體快速的在大電壓或是大電流的情形下打開或是關閉。</dd> <dt>諧振</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%A7%E6%8C%AF%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="諧振轉換器">諧振轉換器</a>是配合<a href="/wiki/LC%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF" title="LC电路">LC電路</a>調整通過晶體的電壓及電流，讓切換時晶體的電壓或是電流恰好為零。</dd></dl> <p>磁場儲能的直流-直流轉換器也可以依實際應用時，主磁性元件（變壓器或是電感器）的電流分為以下二種運作模式： </p> <dl><dt>連續模式</dt> <dd>主磁性元件上的電流會變化，但不會降到零</dd> <dt>不連續模式</dt> <dd>主磁性元件上的電流會變化，在每個週期結束時（或是結束前）會降到零</dd></dl> <p>若確認轉換器輸出的電流，可以將轉換器設計在連續模式或是不連續模式，也可以設計轉換器，在輕載（輸出電流較小）時運作在不連續模式，重載（輸出電流較大）時運作在連續模式。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/H%E6%A1%A5" title="H桥">半橋</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%94%E9%A6%B3%E5%BC%8F%E8%AE%8A%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8" title="返馳式變換器">返馳式</a>的架構類似，需定期將儲存在磁性材料中的能量耗散掉，以免鐵芯磁飽和。返馳式變換器可以傳輸的功率會受到鐵芯中可以儲存的能量所限制。而順向式變換器可以傳輸的功率則受到功率晶體的I/V特性所限制。 </p><p>MOSFET開關可以容許同時有滿載的電壓及電流（不過熱應力以及<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E8%BF%81%E7%A7%BB" title="电迁移">电迁移</a>會降低<a href="/wiki/MTBF" class="mw-redirect" title="MTBF">MTBF</a>），雙載子的功率晶體一般不允許這類的應用，因此需要一個或二個<a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%A9%E8%A1%9D%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF" title="緩衝電路">緩衝電路</a>作為保護。 </p><p>大電流的系統多半會用多相的轉換器，也稱為交錯轉換器（interleaved converters）<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 。多相轉換器是由多個轉換器並聯，輸出的時間錯開，因此由幾個轉換器輪流提供功率給輸出端，其漣波較小，反應也比單相的轉換器要快<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>許多<a href="/wiki/%E7%AD%86%E8%A8%98%E5%9E%8B%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6" title="筆記型電腦">筆記型電腦</a>或是<a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%8C%E4%B8%8A%E5%9E%8B%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6" title="桌上型電腦">桌上型電腦</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%A9%9F%E6%9D%BF" class="mw-redirect" title="主機板">主機板</a>都會有交錯轉換器來供電，有時則是用<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%A3%93%E8%AA%BF%E7%AF%80%E6%A8%A1%E7%B5%84" title="電壓調節模組">電壓調節模組</a><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="電容儲能"><span id=".E9.9B.BB.E5.AE.B9.E5.84.B2.E8.83.BD"></span>電容儲能</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：電容儲能"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%8D%B7%E6%B3%B5" title="電荷泵">電荷泵</a></div> <p>切換式的電容轉換器動作原理是靠電容器和開關，在不同組態下將電容器以不同的方式連結到輸入側及輸出側。例如一個降壓電容轉換器會讓輸入電源為二個串聯的電容器充電，再將電容器切換為並聯後再連到輸出側。在假設效率100%的情形下，輸出功率和輸出功率相同，輸出電壓為輸入的一半，電流則是兩倍。因為其運作原理和電荷有關，因此有時也會稱為<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%8D%B7%E6%B3%B5" title="電荷泵">電荷泵</a>。這類的轉換器一般會用在小電流的應用中，因為若電流較大時，配合變壓器或電感器的開關電源效率較高，體積也較小，會是比較好的選擇<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。電荷泵也用在超高電壓的應用下，因為高壓可能會破壞磁性元件。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="機電型轉換器"><span id=".E6.A9.9F.E9.9B.BB.E5.9E.8B.E8.BD.89.E6.8F.9B.E5.99.A8"></span>機電型轉換器</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：機電型轉換器"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rotierender_Umformer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Rotierender_Umformer.jpg/220px-Rotierender_Umformer.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Rotierender_Umformer.jpg/330px-Rotierender_Umformer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Rotierender_Umformer.jpg/440px-Rotierender_Umformer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2342" data-file-height="1136" /></a><figcaption>馬達和發電機分開的馬達-發電機組</figcaption></figure> <p><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="馬達-發電機組" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="motor-generator"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%94-%E7%99%BC%E9%9B%BB%E6%A9%9F%E7%B5%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬達-發電機組（页面不存在）">馬達-發電機組</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment"><span class="ilh-paren">（</span><span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/motor-generator" class="extiw" title="en:motor-generator"><span lang="en" dir="auto">motor-generator</span></a></span><span class="ilh-paren">）</span></span></span>是以前常用的系統，是由一組耦合的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%8B%95%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%94" class="mw-redirect" title="電動馬達">電動馬達</a>及發電機組成。 </p><p>Dynamotor更進一步，是將馬達和發電機放在同一個單元內，其中的馬達及發電機轉子繞線會繞在同一個轉子，而馬達及發電機的線圈共用一様的外圈場繞線或是磁鐵<sup id="cite_ref-arrl1976_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-arrl1976-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。一般而言馬達線圈會經由馬達軸一側的<a href="/wiki/%E6%8F%9B%E5%90%91%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="換向器">換向器</a>驅動，而發電機線圈會經由軸另一側的換向器輸出。Dynamotor的尺寸會比一組的馬達和發電機要小，而且不會有外露的旋轉軸。 </p><p>機電的轉換器可以將電壓在任意電壓/頻率的交流電或是任意電壓的直流電之間轉換，也可以進行交流-交流轉換或是直流-直流轉換。大型的馬達-發電機組會用來轉換工業等級的電力，小型的馬達-發電機組可將電池的電源（直流6V、12V或24V）轉換為較高的直流電壓，可以驅動<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%A9%BA%E7%AE%A1" title="真空管">真空管</a>設備。 </p><p>若是一些低功率的車用應用，但需要的電壓又比車用電池可產生的電壓要高，就會使用有機械振動器的電源。機械振動器上面有接點，會以一秒幾次的速度來交換電池連接到電源的極性，等效來說是將直流轉換為<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%A2" title="方波">方波</a>的交流電，之後可以送到變壓器產生需要的電壓<sup id="cite_ref-vib_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vib-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，不過會有機械振動器產生的噪音。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="電化學型轉換器"><span id=".E9.9B.BB.E5.8C.96.E5.AD.B8.E5.9E.8B.E8.BD.89.E6.8F.9B.E5.99.A8"></span>電化學型轉換器</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：電化學型轉換器"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>數千瓦到百萬瓦等級的直流-直流轉換可以用<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%B2%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB%E6%B1%A0" title="液流電池">液流電池</a>來進行，例如<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A8%E9%87%A9%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%82%84%E5%8E%9F%E6%B6%B2%E6%B5%81%E9%9B%BB%E6%B1%A0" title="全釩氧化還原液流電池">全釩氧化還原液流電池</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考資料"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E8.B3.87.E6.96.99"></span>參考資料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：參考資料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/3b217885385bec9dfd26acddbd959b20/?seq=22">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-08-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230821233028/https://terms.naer.edu.tw/detail/3b217885385bec9dfd26acddbd959b20/?seq=22">存档</a>于2023-08-21）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fterms.naer.edu.tw%2Fdetail%2F3b217885385bec9dfd26acddbd959b20%2F%3Fseq%3D22&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.termonline.cn/word/131578/1#s1">存档副本</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-08-21</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230821233030/https://www.termonline.cn/word/131578/1#s1">存档</a>于2023-08-21）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&rft.btitle=%E5%AD%98%E6%A1%A3%E5%89%AF%E6%9C%AC&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.termonline.cn%2Fword%2F131578%2F1%23s1&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vib-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vib_3-0"><sup><b>3.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vib_3-1"><sup><b>3.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-vib_3-2"><sup><b>3.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.radioremembered.org/vpwrsup.htm">Vibrator Power Supplies</a>. Radioremembered.org. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">18 January</span> 2016]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180928090918/http://www.radioremembered.org/vpwrsup.htm">存档</a>于2018-09-28）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&rft.atitle=Vibrator+Power+Supplies&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Radioremembered.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.radioremembered.org%2Fvpwrsup.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">参数<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|newspaper=</code>与模板<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">{{cite web}}</code>不匹配（建议改用<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">{{cite news}}</code>或<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|website=</code>） (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#periodical" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Brorein2012-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Brorein2012_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Ed Brorein. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://powersupply.blogs.keysight.com/2012/05/what-is-old-is-new-again-soft-switching.html">Watt's Up?: What Is Old is New Again: Soft-Switching and Synchronous Rectification in Vintage Automobile Radios</a>. Keysight Technologies: Watt's Up?. 2012-05-16 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-01-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170118050424/http://powersupply.blogs.keysight.com/2012/05/what-is-old-is-new-again-soft-switching.html">存档</a>于2017-01-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&rft.atitle=Watt%27s+Up%3F%3A+What+Is+Old+is+New+Again%3A+Soft-Switching+and+Synchronous+Rectification+in+Vintage+Automobile+Radios&rft.au=Ed+Brorein&rft.date=2012-05-16&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Keysight+Technologies%3A+Watt%27s+Up%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpowersupply.blogs.keysight.com%2F2012%2F05%2Fwhat-is-old-is-new-again-soft-switching.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">有一些這類的例子，一個非常大（機櫃約有三個冰箱的大小）系統，其切換控制是用在電晶體發明前使用的閘流晶體管，這是1958年IBM 704電腦的電源，功率90 kW<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/704/223-6818_704_CE_Manual/736_741_746_PwrSupply_CE_Oct58.pdf">[1]</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210414233728/http://www.mirrorservice.org/sites/www.bitsavers.org/pdf/ibm/704/223-6818_704_CE_Manual/736_741_746_PwrSupply_CE_Oct58.pdf">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-arrl1976-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-arrl1976_6-0"><sup><b>6.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-arrl1976_6-1"><sup><b>6.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/RadioAmateurHandbook1976">Radio Amateur's Handbook 1976, pub. ARRL, p331-332</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Howard2015-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Howard2015_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Andy Howard. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LwPJi3jyfw0">How to Design DC-to-DC Converters</a>. YouTube. 2015-08-25 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-10-02</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200803021824/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LwPJi3jyfw0">存档</a>于2020-08-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&rft.atitle=How+to+Design+DC-to-DC+Converters&rft.au=Andy+Howard&rft.date=2015-08-25&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DLwPJi3jyfw0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sangwine2007-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Sangwine2007_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Stephen Sangwine. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vVHvBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA73">Electronic Components and Technology, Third Edition</a>. CRC Press. 2 March 2007: 73. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-4200-0768-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-4200-0768-8"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-1-4200-0768-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&rft.au=Stephen+Sangwine&rft.btitle=Electronic+Components+and+Technology%2C+Third+Edition&rft.date=2007-03-02&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-4200-0768-8&rft.pages=73&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvVHvBQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA73&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Jeff Barrow of Integrated Device Technology, Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1279232">Understand and reduce DC/DC switching-converter ground noise</a>. Eetimes.com. 2011-11-21 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2017-05-16</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170704025944/http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1279232">存档</a>于2017-07-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&rft.atitle=Understand+and+reduce+DC%2FDC+switching-converter+ground+noise&rft.au=Jeff+Barrow+of+Integrated+Device+Technology%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2011-11-21&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eetimes.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eetimes.com%2Fdocument.asp%3Fdoc_id%3D1279232&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">参数<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|newspaper=</code>与模板<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">{{cite web}}</code>不匹配（建议改用<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">{{cite news}}</code>或<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|website=</code>） (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#periodical" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Damian Giaouris et al. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cta.1906/abstract">"Foldings and grazings of tori in current controlled interleaved boost converters"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20150716082542/http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cta.1906/abstract">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2Fcta.1906"> 10.1002/cta.1906</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ron Crews and Kim Nielson. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://powerelectronics.com/power-management/interleaving-good-boost-converters-too">"Interleaving is Good for Boost Converters, Too"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210424042812/http://powerelectronics.com/power-management/interleaving-good-boost-converters-too">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. 2008.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Keith Billings. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://powerelectronics.com/content/advantages-interleaving-converters">"Advantages of Interleaving Converters"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210423192914/http://powerelectronics.com/content/advantages-interleaving-converters">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）. 2003.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">John Gallagher <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://powerelectronics.com/passive-components/coupled-inductors-improve-multiphase-buck-efficiency">"Coupled Inductors Improve Multiphase Buck Efficiency"</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210424031556/http://powerelectronics.com/passive-components/coupled-inductors-improve-multiphase-buck-efficiency">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a 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href="http://eprints.qut.edu.au/14216/">Control of Parallel Converters for Load Sharing with Seamless Transfer between Grid Connected and Islanded Modes</a>. eprints.qut.edu.au. 2008 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-01-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210423202533/https://eprints.qut.edu.au/14216/">存档</a>于2021-04-23）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81-%E7%9B%B4%E6%B5%81%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B%E5%99%A8&rft.atitle=Control+of+Parallel+Converters+for+Load+Sharing+with+Seamless+Transfer+between+Grid+Connected+and+Islanded+Modes&rft.au=Ghosh%2C+Arindam&rft.au=Ledwich%2C+Gerard+F.&rft.au=Zare%2C+Firuz&rft.aufirst=Ritwik&rft.aulast=Majumder&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=eprints.qut.edu.au&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Feprints.qut.edu.au%2F14216%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span 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