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href="#Modern_taxicabs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Modern taxicabs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_taxicabs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-As_military_and_emergency_transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_military_and_emergency_transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>As military and emergency transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_military_and_emergency_transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vehicles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vehicles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vehicles</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Vehicles-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Vehicles subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Vehicles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Wheelchair-accessible_taxicabs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wheelchair-accessible_taxicabs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Wheelchair-accessible taxicabs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wheelchair-accessible_taxicabs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Other</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Livery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Livery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Livery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Livery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hiring" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hiring"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Hiring</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Hiring-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Hiring subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Hiring-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dispatching" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dispatching"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Dispatching</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dispatching-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Drivers_and_companies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Drivers_and_companies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Drivers and companies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Drivers_and_companies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regulatory_compliance_and_training" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regulatory_compliance_and_training"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Regulatory compliance and training</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Regulatory_compliance_and_training-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Regulatory compliance and training subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Regulatory_compliance_and_training-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Australia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Australia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-New_Zealand" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#New_Zealand"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>New Zealand</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-New_Zealand-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Navigation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Navigation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Navigation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Navigation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_concerns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_concerns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Environmental concerns</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Environmental_concerns-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Environmental concerns subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Environmental_concerns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Alternative_energy_and_propulsion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_energy_and_propulsion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Alternative energy and propulsion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_energy_and_propulsion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_trade_association" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_trade_association"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>International trade association</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_trade_association-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Occupational_hazards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Occupational_hazards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Occupational hazards</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Occupational_hazards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regulation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regulation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Regulation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Regulation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Regulation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Regulation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Support_of_deregulation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Support_of_deregulation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Support of deregulation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Support_of_deregulation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Airport_taxis_as_a_special_case" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airport_taxis_as_a_special_case"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1.1</span> <span>Airport taxis as a special case</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airport_taxis_as_a_special_case-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Partial_deregulation_as_a_failure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Partial_deregulation_as_a_failure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1.2</span> <span>Partial deregulation as a failure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Partial_deregulation_as_a_failure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opposition_to_deregulation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opposition_to_deregulation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Opposition to deregulation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opposition_to_deregulation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Results_of_deregulation_in_specific_localities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Results_of_deregulation_in_specific_localities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>Results of deregulation in specific localities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Results_of_deregulation_in_specific_localities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Taxi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 97 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-97" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">97 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A3%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="سيارة أجرة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيارة أجرة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksi" title="Taksi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Taksi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF" title="ট্যাক্সি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ট্যাক্সি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tha-kh%C3%BA-sih" title="Tha-khú-sih – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tha-khú-sih" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96" title="Таксі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Таксі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96" title="Таксі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Таксі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Такси – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Такси" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacsi" title="Tacsi – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tacsi" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takso" title="Takso – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Takso" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B1%CE%BE%CE%AF" title="Ταξί – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ταξί" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksio" title="Taksio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Taksio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="تاکسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تاکسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksy" title="Taksy – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Taksy" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tacsa%C3%AD" title="Tacsaí – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tacsaí" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9A%84%E5%A3%AB" title="的士 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="的士" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kie-chh%C3%A0ng-chh%C3%A2" title="Kie-chhàng-chhâ – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Kie-chhàng-chhâ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%9D%EC%8B%9C" title="택시 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="택시" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80" title="टैक्सी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="टैक्सी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksi" title="Taksi – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Taksi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxio" title="Taxio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Taxio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksi" title="Taksi – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Taksi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leigub%C3%ADll" title="Leigubíll – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Leigubíll" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מונית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מונית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksi" title="Taksi – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Taksi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="ტაქსი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტაქსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="ٹیکسی – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ٹیکسی" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Такси – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Такси" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teksi" title="Teksi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Teksi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksi" title="Taksi – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Taksi" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taks%C3%AE" title="Taksî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Taksî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B5" title="ຕັກຊີ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຕັກຊີ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxiraeda" title="Taxiraeda – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Taxiraeda" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksometrs" title="Taksometrs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Taksometrs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksi" title="Taksi – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Taksi" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taks%C3%AD" title="Taksí – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Taksí" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tas%C3%AC" title="Tasì – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Tasì" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Такси – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Такси" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiarakaretsaka" title="Fiarakaretsaka – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fiarakaretsaka" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="تاکسی – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="تاکسی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teksi" title="Teksi – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Teksi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gi%C3%A9-ti%C3%A0ng-chi%C4%83" title="Gié-tiàng-chiă – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Gié-tiàng-chiă" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%80%E1%80%B9%E1%80%80%E1%80%85%E1%80%AE" title="တက္ကစီ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တက္ကစီ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi_(vervoer)" title="Taxi (vervoer) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Taxi (vervoer)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80" title="ट्याक्सी – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ट्याक्सी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B7%E3%83%BC" title="タクシー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="タクシー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drosje" title="Drosje – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Drosje" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drosje" title="Drosje – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Drosje" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksi" title="Taksi – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Taksi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="ٹیکسی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ٹیکسی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taks%C3%B3wka" title="Taksówka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Taksówka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1xi" title="Táxi – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Táxi" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksi" title="Taksi – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Taksi" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taximetru" title="Taximetru – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Taximetru" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Такси – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Такси" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Такси – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Такси" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksia" title="Taksia – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Taksia" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxislu%C5%BEba" title="Taxislužba – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Taxislužba" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksi" title="Taksi – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Taksi" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="تەکسی – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تەکسی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Такси – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Такси" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksi" title="Taksi – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Taksi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksi" title="Taksi – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Taksi" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksi" title="Taksi – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Taksi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="வாடகையுந்து – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வாடகையுந்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Такси – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Такси" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%88" title="แท็กซี่ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แท็กซี่" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D3%A3" title="Таксӣ – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Таксӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%B4%E1%8F%AB_%E1%8E%A4%E1%8E%BE%E1%8F%A6%E1%8F%99%E1%8F%97" title="ᏴᏫ ᎤᎾᏦᏙᏗ – Cherokee" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏴᏫ ᎤᎾᏦᏙᏗ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="Cherokee" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taksi" title="Taksi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Taksi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Takzi" title="Takzi – Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Takzi" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%96" title="Таксі – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Таксі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="ٹیکسی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ٹیکسی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxi" title="Taxi – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Taxi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%AE%E5%A4%B4" title="差头 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="差头" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%A7%D7%A1%D7%99" title="טעקסי – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="טעקסי" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%9A%84%E5%A3%AB" title="的士 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="的士" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Type of vehicle for hire with a driver</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Taxi_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Taxi (disambiguation)">Taxi (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Cab driver" and "Taxi driver" redirect here. For The Mills Brothers song, see <a href="/wiki/Cab_Driver" title="Cab Driver">Cab Driver</a>. For the Martin Scorsese film, see <i><a href="/wiki/Taxi_Driver" title="Taxi Driver">Taxi Driver</a></i>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Taxi_Driver_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Taxi Driver (disambiguation)">Taxi Driver (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cabs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Cabs.jpg/220px-Cabs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Cabs.jpg/330px-Cabs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Cabs.jpg/440px-Cabs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="745" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yellow_cab" title="Yellow cab">Yellow cabs</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TAXI.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/TAXI.jpg/220px-TAXI.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/TAXI.jpg/330px-TAXI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/TAXI.jpg/440px-TAXI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3935" data-file-height="2918" /></a><figcaption>A luminous taxi top sign</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>taxi</b>, also known as a <b>taxicab</b> or simply a <b>cab</b>, is a type of <a href="/wiki/Vehicle_for_hire" title="Vehicle for hire">vehicle for hire</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Driving" title="Driving">driver</a>, used by a single <a href="/wiki/Passenger" title="Passenger">passenger</a> or small group of passengers, often for a non-shared ride. A taxicab conveys passengers between locations of their choice. This differs from <a href="/wiki/Public_transport" title="Public transport">public transport</a> where the pick-up and drop-off locations are decided by the service provider, not by the customers, although <a href="/wiki/Demand_responsive_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Demand responsive transport">demand responsive transport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Share_taxi" title="Share taxi">share taxis</a> provide a hybrid bus/taxi mode. </p><p>There are four distinct forms of taxicab, which can be identified by slightly differing terms in different countries: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hackney_carriage" title="Hackney carriage">Hackney carriages</a>, also known as <a href="/wiki/Public_hire" class="mw-redirect" title="Public hire">public hire</a>, hailed or street taxis, licensed for hailing throughout communities</li> <li>Private hire vehicles, also known as minicabs or private hire taxis, licensed for pre-booking only</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxibus" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxibus">Taxibuses</a>, also come in many variations throughout the <a href="/wiki/Developing_country" title="Developing country">developing countries</a> as <a href="/wiki/Share_taxi#United_States" title="Share taxi">jitneys</a> or <a href="/wiki/Jeepney" title="Jeepney">jeepney</a>, operating on pre-set routes typified by multiple stops and multiple independent passengers</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limousine" title="Limousine">Limousines</a>, specialized vehicle licensed for operation by pre-booking</li></ul> <p>Although types of vehicles and methods of regulation, hiring, dispatching, and negotiating payment differ significantly from country to country, many common characteristics exist. Disputes over whether <a href="/wiki/Ridesharing_companies" class="mw-redirect" title="Ridesharing companies">ridesharing companies</a> should be regulated as taxicabs resulted in some jurisdictions creating new regulations for these services. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kienzle_Taxameter_mit_Drucker.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Kienzle_Taxameter_mit_Drucker.jpg/220px-Kienzle_Taxameter_mit_Drucker.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6e/Kienzle_Taxameter_mit_Drucker.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="283" data-file-height="189" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Taximeter" title="Taximeter">Taximeter</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The word <i>taxicab</i> is a compound word formed as a contraction of <i><a href="/wiki/Taximeter" title="Taximeter">taximeter</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Cabriolet_(carriage)" title="Cabriolet (carriage)"><i>cabriolet</i></a>. <i>Taximeter</i> is an adaptation of the German word <i>Taxameter</i>, which is itself a variant of the earlier German word <i>Taxanom</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Taxe</i> /ˈtaksə/ is a German word meaning "tax", "charge", or "scale of charges".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Medieval_Latin" title="Medieval Latin">Medieval Latin</a> word <i>taxa</i> also means <i>tax</i> or <i>charge</i>. <i>Taxi</i> may ultimately be attributed to <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> <i>τάξις</i> from <i>τάσσω</i><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> meaning "to place in a certain order," as in commanding an orderly battle line,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or in ordaining the payment of taxes,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to the extent that <i><span title="Greek-language text"><span lang="el">ταξίδι</span></span></i> (<i>taxidi</i>), meaning "journey" in <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Modern Greek</a>, initially denoted an orderly military march or campaign. <i>Meter</i> is from the Greek <i><span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">μέτρον</span></span></i> (<i>metron</i>) meaning "measure."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A cabriolet is a type of horse-drawn carriage; the word comes from <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> <i>cabrioler</i> ("to leap, caper"), from Italian <i>capriolare</i> ("to somersault"), from Latin <i>capreolus</i> ("roebuck", "wild goat"). In most European languages that word has taken on the meaning of a <a href="/wiki/Convertible_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Convertible car">convertible car</a>. </p><p>The taxicabs of Paris were equipped with the first meters beginning on 9 March 1898. They were originally called <i>taxamètres</i>, then renamed <i>taximètres</i> on 17 October 1904.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFierro19961166_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFierro19961166-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Harry Nathaniel Allen of The New York Taxicab Company, who imported the first 600 gas-powered <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> taxicabs from France in 1907, borrowed the word "taxicab" from London, where the word was in use by early 1907.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A popular but erroneous account holds that the vehicles were named after Franz von Taxis from the house of <a href="/wiki/Thurn_and_Taxis" class="mw-redirect" title="Thurn and Taxis">Thurn and Taxis</a>, a 16th-century postmaster for <a href="/wiki/Philip_I_of_Castile" class="mw-redirect" title="Philip I of Castile">Philip of Burgundy</a>, and his nephew Johann Baptiste von Taxis, General Postmaster for the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>. Both instituted fast and reliable postal services (conveying letters, with some post routes transporting people) across Europe. Their surname derives from their 13th-century ancestor <a href="/wiki/Omodeo_Tasso" title="Omodeo Tasso">Omodeo Tasso</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hackney_carriages">Hackney carriages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Hackney carriages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Temple_Underground_station_1899.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Temple_Underground_station_1899.jpg/220px-Temple_Underground_station_1899.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="186" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Temple_Underground_station_1899.jpg/330px-Temple_Underground_station_1899.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Temple_Underground_station_1899.jpg/440px-Temple_Underground_station_1899.jpg 2x" data-file-width="966" data-file-height="816" /></a><figcaption>Line of cabbies for hire, 1899</figcaption></figure> <p>Horse-drawn for-hire <a href="/wiki/Hackney_carriage" title="Hackney carriage">hackney carriage</a> services began operating in both <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> and <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> in the early 17th century. The first documented public hackney coach service for hire was in London in 1605.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1625 carriages were made available for hire from <a href="/wiki/Inn" title="Inn">innkeepers</a> in London and the first <a href="/wiki/Taxi_rank" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxi rank">taxi rank</a> appeared on <a href="/wiki/Strand,_London" title="Strand, London">the Strand</a> outside the Maypole Inn in 1636.<sup id="cite_ref-London_taxi_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-London_taxi-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1635 the Hackney Carriage Act was passed by <a href="/wiki/Parliament" title="Parliament">Parliament</a> to legalise horse-drawn carriages for hire. Coaches were hired out by innkeepers to merchants and visitors. A further "Ordinance for the Regulation of Hackney-Coachmen in London and the places adjacent" was approved by Parliament in 1654<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the first hackney-carriage licences were issued in 1662. </p><p>A similar service was started by Nicolas Sauvage in Paris in 1637.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His vehicles were known as <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/fiacre" class="extiw" title="wikt:fiacre">fiacres</a>, as the main vehicle depot apparently was opposite a shrine to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Fiacre" title="Saint Fiacre">Saint Fiacre</a>. (The term <i>fiacre</i> is still used in French to describe a horse-drawn vehicle for hire, while the German term <i>Fiaker</i> is used, especially in Austria, to refer to the same thing.) </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Hansoms">Hansoms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Hansoms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HansomCab.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/HansomCab.gif/220px-HansomCab.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/HansomCab.gif 1.5x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="195" /></a><figcaption>Drawing of a <a href="/wiki/Hansom_cab" title="Hansom cab">hansom cab</a> </figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Hansom_cab" title="Hansom cab">hansom cab</a> was designed and patented in 1834 by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Hansom" title="Joseph Hansom">Joseph Hansom</a>, an <a href="/wiki/Architect" title="Architect">architect</a> from <a href="/wiki/York" title="York">York</a> as a substantial improvement on the old hackney carriages. These two-wheel vehicles were fast, light enough to be pulled by a single horse (making the journey cheaper than travelling in a larger four-wheel coach) were agile enough to steer around <a href="/wiki/Horse-drawn_vehicle" title="Horse-drawn vehicle">horse-drawn vehicles</a> in the notorious traffic jams of nineteenth-century London and had a low centre of gravity for safe cornering. Hansom's original design was modified by <a href="/wiki/John_Chapman_(engineer)" title="John Chapman (engineer)">John Chapman</a> and several others to improve its practicability, but retained Hansom's name.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These soon replaced the <a href="/wiki/Hackney_carriage" title="Hackney carriage">hackney carriage</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Vehicle_for_hire" title="Vehicle for hire">vehicle for hire</a>. They quickly spread to other cities in the United Kingdom, as well as continental European cities, particularly <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, and <a href="/wiki/St_Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="St Petersburg">St Petersburg</a>. The cab was introduced to other British Empire cities and to the United States during the late 19th century, being most commonly used in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>. </p><p>The first cab service in <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, "The City", was established in 1837 by <a href="/wiki/Thornton_Blackburn" title="Thornton Blackburn">Thornton Blackburn</a>, an ex-slave whose escape when captured in Detroit was the impetus for the <a href="/wiki/Blackburn_Riots" title="Blackburn Riots">Blackburn Riots</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-frost_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-frost-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_taxicabs">Modern taxicabs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Modern taxicabs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Daimler_Victoria.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Daimler_Victoria.jpg/220px-Daimler_Victoria.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1f/Daimler_Victoria.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="269" data-file-height="187" /></a><figcaption>The 1897 <a href="/wiki/Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft">Daimler</a> Victoria was the first motorized-powered taxicab</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1898-1899_Columbia_Electric.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/1898-1899_Columbia_Electric.gif/220px-1898-1899_Columbia_Electric.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/1898-1899_Columbia_Electric.gif/330px-1898-1899_Columbia_Electric.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/06/1898-1899_Columbia_Electric.gif 2x" data-file-width="348" data-file-height="267" /></a><figcaption>Electric Hansom, 1898-1899</figcaption></figure> <p>The modern <a href="/wiki/Taximeter" title="Taximeter">taximeter</a> was invented and perfected by a trio of German inventors; Wilhelm Friedrich Nedler, Ferdinand Dencker and <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Wilhelm_Gustav_Bruhn" title="Friedrich Wilhelm Gustav Bruhn">Friedrich Wilhelm Gustav Bruhn</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft">Daimler</a> Victoria—the world's first motorized-powered taximeter-cab—was built by <a href="/wiki/Gottlieb_Daimler" title="Gottlieb Daimler">Gottlieb Daimler</a> in 1897 and began operating in <a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a> in June 1897.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gasoline-powered taxicabs began operating in Paris in 1899, in London in 1903, and in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York</a> in 1907. The New York taxicabs were initially imported from France by Harry N. Allen, owner of the Allen-Kingston Motor Car Company.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Their manufacturing took place at Bristol Engineering in Bristol, Connecticut where the first domestically produced Taxicabs were built in 1908, designed by Fred E. Moskovics who had worked at Daimler in the late 1890s. Albert F. Rockwell was the owner of Bristol and his wife suggested he paint his taxicabs yellow to maximise his vehicles' visibility.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moskovics was one of the organizers of the first Yellow Taxicab Company in New York.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Electricity" title="Electricity">Electric</a> battery-powered taxis became available at the end of the 19th century. In London, <a href="/wiki/Walter_Bersey" title="Walter Bersey">Walter Bersey</a> designed a fleet of such cabs and <a href="/wiki/Bersey_electric_cab" class="mw-redirect" title="Bersey electric cab">introduced them to the streets of London</a> on 19 August 1897.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They were soon nicknamed 'Hummingbirds' due to the idiosyncratic humming noise they made.<sup id="cite_ref-London_taxi_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-London_taxi-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the same year in New York City, the Samuel's Electric Carriage and Wagon Company began running 12 <a href="/wiki/Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">electric</a> <a href="/wiki/Hansom_cab" title="Hansom cab">hansom cabs</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-npr.org_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-npr.org-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company ran until 1898 with up to 62 cabs operating until it was reformed by its financiers to form the <a href="/wiki/Electric_Vehicle_Company" title="Electric Vehicle Company">Electric Vehicle Company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taxicabs proliferated around the world in the early 20th century. The first major innovation after the invention of the <a href="/wiki/Taximeter" title="Taximeter">taximeter</a> occurred in the late 1940s, when <a href="/wiki/Radiotelephone" title="Radiotelephone">two-way radios</a> first appeared in taxicabs. <a href="/wiki/Radio" title="Radio">Radios</a> enabled taxicabs and <a href="/wiki/Dispatch_(logistics)" title="Dispatch (logistics)">dispatch</a> offices to communicate and serve customers more efficiently than previous methods, such as using <a href="/wiki/Callbox" class="mw-redirect" title="Callbox">callboxes</a>. The next major innovation occurred in the 1980s when <a href="/wiki/Computer_assisted_dispatch" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer assisted dispatch">computer assisted dispatching</a> was first introduced.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_military_and_emergency_transport">As military and emergency transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: As military and emergency transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taxi_de_la_Marne_Renault_Type_AG_1913.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Taxi_de_la_Marne_Renault_Type_AG_1913.JPG/220px-Taxi_de_la_Marne_Renault_Type_AG_1913.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Taxi_de_la_Marne_Renault_Type_AG_1913.JPG/330px-Taxi_de_la_Marne_Renault_Type_AG_1913.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Taxi_de_la_Marne_Renault_Type_AG_1913.JPG/440px-Taxi_de_la_Marne_Renault_Type_AG_1913.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a><figcaption>Paris taxis carried 6000 soldiers to the front during the <a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_the_Marne" title="First Battle of the Marne">First Battle of the Marne</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Paris taxis played a memorable part in the French victory at <a href="/wiki/First_Battle_of_the_Marne" title="First Battle of the Marne">First Battle of the Marne</a> in the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>. On 7 September 1914, the Military Governor of Paris, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Gallieni" title="Joseph Gallieni">Joseph Gallieni</a>, gathered about six hundred taxicabs at <a href="/wiki/Les_Invalides" title="Les Invalides">Les Invalides</a> in central Paris to carry soldiers to the front at Nanteuil-le Haudouin, fifty kilometers away. Within twenty-four hours about six thousand soldiers and officers were moved to the front. Each taxi carried five soldiers, four in the back and one next to the driver. Only the back lights of the taxis were lit; the drivers were instructed to follow the lights of the taxi ahead. The Germans were surprised and were pushed back by the French and British armies. Most of the taxis were demobilized on 8 September but some remained longer to carry the wounded and refugees. The taxis, following city regulations, dutifully ran their meters. The French treasury reimbursed the total fare of 70,012 francs. The military impact of the soldiers moved by taxi was small in the huge scale of the Battle of the Marne, but the effect on French morale was enormous; it became the symbol of the solidarity between the French army and citizens. It was also the first recorded large-scale use of motorized infantry in battle.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFierro19961166_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFierro19961166-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_pub_bombings" title="Birmingham pub bombings">Birmingham pub bombings</a> on 21 November 1974, which killed 21 people and injured 182, presented emergency services with unprecedented peacetime demands. According to eyewitness accounts, the fire officer in charge, knowing the 40 ambulances he requested were unlikely to be available, requested the Taxi Owners Association to transport the injured to the nearby <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_Accident_Hospital" title="Birmingham Accident Hospital">Birmingham Accident Hospital</a> and <a href="/wiki/Birmingham_General_Hospital" title="Birmingham General Hospital">Birmingham General Hospital</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vehicles">Vehicles</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Vehicles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2005_LTI_TXII_Silver_Automatic_2.4_Front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/2005_LTI_TXII_Silver_Automatic_2.4_Front.jpg/220px-2005_LTI_TXII_Silver_Automatic_2.4_Front.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/2005_LTI_TXII_Silver_Automatic_2.4_Front.jpg/330px-2005_LTI_TXII_Silver_Automatic_2.4_Front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/2005_LTI_TXII_Silver_Automatic_2.4_Front.jpg/440px-2005_LTI_TXII_Silver_Automatic_2.4_Front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4444" data-file-height="2308" /></a><figcaption>LTI <a href="/wiki/TXII" title="TXII">TX2</a> cab</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JU2802(Hong_Kong_Lantau_Taxi)_22-06-2020.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/JU2802%28Hong_Kong_Lantau_Taxi%29_22-06-2020.jpg/220px-JU2802%28Hong_Kong_Lantau_Taxi%29_22-06-2020.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/JU2802%28Hong_Kong_Lantau_Taxi%29_22-06-2020.jpg/330px-JU2802%28Hong_Kong_Lantau_Taxi%29_22-06-2020.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/JU2802%28Hong_Kong_Lantau_Taxi%29_22-06-2020.jpg/440px-JU2802%28Hong_Kong_Lantau_Taxi%29_22-06-2020.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Toyota JPN Taxis in use in Hong Kong</figcaption></figure> <p>Taxi services are typically provided by <a href="/wiki/Automobile" class="mw-redirect" title="Automobile">automobiles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Taxicabs_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicabs by country">but in some countries</a> various <a href="/wiki/Human-powered_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Human-powered vehicle">human-powered vehicles</a>, (such as the <a href="/wiki/Cycle_rickshaw" title="Cycle rickshaw">rickshaw or pedicab</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Animal-powered_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal-powered transport">animal-powered vehicles</a> (such as the <a href="/wiki/Hansom_cab" title="Hansom cab">Hansom cab</a>) or even boats (such as <a href="/wiki/Water_taxi" title="Water taxi">water taxies</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gondola" title="Gondola">gondolas</a>) are also used or have been used historically. In Western Europe, <a href="/wiki/Bissau" title="Bissau">Bissau</a>, and to an extent, Australia, it is not uncommon for expensive cars such as <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a> to be the taxicab of choice. Often this decision is based upon the perceived reliability of, and warranty offered with these vehicles. These taxi-service vehicles are almost always equipped with four-cylinder <a href="/wiki/Turbodiesel" class="mw-redirect" title="Turbodiesel">turbodiesel</a> engines and relatively low levels of equipment, and are not considered luxury cars. This has changed though in countries such as Denmark, where tax regulation makes it profitable to sell the vehicles after a few years of service, which requires the cars to be well equipped and kept in good condition. <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2011)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Cities like <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a> have implemented specific regulations like London's <a href="/wiki/Conditions_of_Fitness" title="Conditions of Fitness">Conditions of Fitness</a> that dictate size, fuel efficiency, emissions, and <a href="/wiki/Accessibility" title="Accessibility">accessibility</a> standards far stricter than that for private vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-TfL_Vehicle_Policy_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TfL_Vehicle_Policy-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-JapanTimes-2018-05-23_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JapanTimes-2018-05-23-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Much like the NY <a href="/wiki/Checker_Taxi" title="Checker Taxi">Checker cabs</a> of the 60s–80s, the unique attributes of the city often make the vehicles built to fit those requirements ubiquitous to its livery fleets, and often becomes an iconic image of the city itself.<sup id="cite_ref-ICTA_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICTA-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although <a href="/wiki/Taxis_of_New_York_City#Taxi_of_Tomorrow" title="Taxis of New York City">New York City</a>'s efforts to implement new regulations has stumbled in its efforts to mandate both a hybrid and wheelchair-accessible vehicle,<sup id="cite_ref-NV200_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NV200-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>'s efforts have yielded unique vehicles such the <a href="/wiki/LEVC_TX" title="LEVC TX">LEVC TX</a> and <a href="/wiki/Toyota_JPN_Taxi" title="Toyota JPN Taxi">Toyota JPN Taxi</a> that meet and exceed modern emissions and accessibility requirements for the future, and will hopefully soon extend to other cities as older models get rotated out of the bigger cities and into smaller markets.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-TTA_ADA_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TTA_ADA-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Modifications of existing minivans such as the <a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Vito#Environmental_impact" title="Mercedes-Benz Vito">Mercedes Vito London Taxi</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Nissan_NV200" title="Nissan NV200">Nissan NV200</a> have been introduced as a stopgap measures to fill the need for alternative products, however their acceptance by drivers is yet to be seen.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT_Taxi_of_Tomorrow_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT_Taxi_of_Tomorrow-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Wheelchair-accessible_taxicabs">Wheelchair-accessible taxicabs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Wheelchair-accessible taxicabs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2016_Toyota_HiAce_(KDH223R)_Commuter_Super_LWB_van,_Black_%26_White_13_MAXI_(2018-11-22)_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/2016_Toyota_HiAce_%28KDH223R%29_Commuter_Super_LWB_van%2C_Black_%26_White_13_MAXI_%282018-11-22%29_02.jpg/220px-2016_Toyota_HiAce_%28KDH223R%29_Commuter_Super_LWB_van%2C_Black_%26_White_13_MAXI_%282018-11-22%29_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/2016_Toyota_HiAce_%28KDH223R%29_Commuter_Super_LWB_van%2C_Black_%26_White_13_MAXI_%282018-11-22%29_02.jpg/330px-2016_Toyota_HiAce_%28KDH223R%29_Commuter_Super_LWB_van%2C_Black_%26_White_13_MAXI_%282018-11-22%29_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/2016_Toyota_HiAce_%28KDH223R%29_Commuter_Super_LWB_van%2C_Black_%26_White_13_MAXI_%282018-11-22%29_02.jpg/440px-2016_Toyota_HiAce_%28KDH223R%29_Commuter_Super_LWB_van%2C_Black_%26_White_13_MAXI_%282018-11-22%29_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4151" data-file-height="2345" /></a><figcaption>Wheelchair accessible maxicab, unloading a wheelchair-using passenger in Australia</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Taxi" title="Special:EditPage/Taxi">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2011</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:London_taxi_with_deployed_wheelchair_ramp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/London_taxi_with_deployed_wheelchair_ramp.jpg/220px-London_taxi_with_deployed_wheelchair_ramp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/London_taxi_with_deployed_wheelchair_ramp.jpg/330px-London_taxi_with_deployed_wheelchair_ramp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/London_taxi_with_deployed_wheelchair_ramp.jpg/440px-London_taxi_with_deployed_wheelchair_ramp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6240" data-file-height="4160" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/LEVC_TX" title="LEVC TX">LEVC TX</a> with wheelchair ramp in London</figcaption></figure> <p>In recent years, some companies have been adding specially modified vehicles capable of transporting <a href="/wiki/Wheelchair" title="Wheelchair">wheelchair</a>-using passengers to their fleets.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such taxicabs are variously called accessible taxis, wheelchair- or wheelchair-accessible taxicabs, modified taxicabs, or "maxicabs". </p><p>Wheelchair taxicabs are most often specially modified <a href="/wiki/Van" title="Van">vans</a> or <a href="/wiki/Minivan" title="Minivan">minivans</a>. Wheelchair-using passengers are loaded, with the help of the driver, via a lift or, more commonly, a ramp, at the rear of the vehicle. This feature is however a subject for concern amongst Licensing Authorities who feel that the wheelchair passenger could not easily exit the vehicle in the event of accident damage to the rear door. The latest generation of accessible taxis features side loading with emergency egress possible from either of the 2 side doors as well as the rear. The wheelchair is secured using various systems, commonly including some type of belt and clip combination, or wheel locks. Some wheelchair taxicabs are capable of transporting only one wheelchair-using passenger at a time, and can usually accommodate 4 to 6 additional non-disabled passengers. </p><p>Wheelchair taxicabs are part of the regular fleet in most cases, and so are not reserved exclusively for the use of wheelchair users. They are often used by non-disabled people who need to transport luggage, small items of furniture, animals, and other items. Because of this, and since only a small percentage of the average fleet is modified, wheelchair users must often wait for significantly longer periods when calling for a cab, and flagging a modified taxicab on the street is much more difficult. <a href="/wiki/London_taxi" class="mw-redirect" title="London taxi">London's taxis</a> have been fully accessible since January 2000, with all taxis fitted with a pull-out or portable ramp.<sup id="cite_ref-:32_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:32-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Other"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Coco_taxis.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Coco_taxis.JPG/220px-Coco_taxis.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Coco_taxis.JPG/330px-Coco_taxis.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Coco_taxis.JPG/440px-Coco_taxis.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Three-wheeled <a href="/wiki/Cocotaxi" title="Cocotaxi">Coco taxis</a> in <a href="/wiki/Havana" title="Havana">Havana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BicitaxiCdNeza.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/BicitaxiCdNeza.JPG/170px-BicitaxiCdNeza.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/BicitaxiCdNeza.JPG/255px-BicitaxiCdNeza.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/BicitaxiCdNeza.JPG/340px-BicitaxiCdNeza.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>A "bicitaxi" (identified by its license plate) in <a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Nezahualcoyotl" class="mw-redirect" title="Ciudad Nezahualcoyotl">Ciudad Nezahualcoyotl</a>, Mexico</figcaption></figure> <p>Taxicabs in less developed places can be a completely different experience, such as the antique French cars typically found in <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, starting in March 2006, newer modern taxicabs entered the service operated by various private companies. Taxicabs differ in other ways as well: London's black cabs have a large compartment beside the driver for storing bags, while many fleets of regular taxis also include wheelchair accessible taxicabs among their numbers (see above). Although taxicabs have traditionally been <a href="/wiki/Sedan_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sedan (car)">sedans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minivan" title="Minivan">minivans</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hatchback" title="Hatchback">hatchbacks</a> and even <a href="/wiki/Sport_utility_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Sport utility vehicle">SUV</a> taxicabs are becoming increasingly common. In many cities, <a href="/wiki/Limousine" title="Limousine">limousines</a> operate as well, usually in competition with taxicabs and at higher fares. </p><p>Recently, with growing concern for the environment, there have been solar powered taxicabs. On 20 April 2008, a "solar taxi tour" was launched that aimed to tour 15 countries in 18 months in a solar taxi that can reach speeds of 90 km/h with zero emission. The aim of the tour was to spread knowledge about environmental protection.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Livery">Livery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Livery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Taxicab_livery" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicab livery">Taxicab livery</a></div> <p>Most taxi companies have some sort of livery on the vehicle, depending on the type of taxi (taxi, cab, private hire, chauffeur), country, region and operator. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hiring">Hiring</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Hiring"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Taxicab_stand" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicab stand">Taxicab stand</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kowloon_Waterfront,_Hong_Kong,_2013-08-09,_DD_05.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Kowloon_Waterfront%2C_Hong_Kong%2C_2013-08-09%2C_DD_05.jpg/220px-Kowloon_Waterfront%2C_Hong_Kong%2C_2013-08-09%2C_DD_05.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Kowloon_Waterfront%2C_Hong_Kong%2C_2013-08-09%2C_DD_05.jpg/330px-Kowloon_Waterfront%2C_Hong_Kong%2C_2013-08-09%2C_DD_05.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Kowloon_Waterfront%2C_Hong_Kong%2C_2013-08-09%2C_DD_05.jpg/440px-Kowloon_Waterfront%2C_Hong_Kong%2C_2013-08-09%2C_DD_05.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5261" data-file-height="3446" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Toyota_Comfort" title="Toyota Comfort">Toyota Crown Comfort</a> taxicabs lined up in front of Kowloon Waterfront in <a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong" title="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Most places allow a taxi to be "hailed" or "flagged" on the side of the street as it is approaching. Another option is a taxi stand (sometimes also called a "cab stand," "hack stand," "taxi rank," or "cab rank"). Taxi stands are usually located at airports, railway stations, major retail areas (malls), hotels and other places where a large number of passengers are likely to be found. In some places—Japan, for example—taxi stands are arranged according to the size of the taxis, so that large- and small-capacity cabs line up separately. The taxi at the front of the line is due (barring unusual circumstances) for the next fare. </p><p>Passengers also commonly call a central dispatch office for taxis. In some jurisdictions, private hire vehicles can only be hired from the dispatch office, and must be assigned each fare by the office by radio or phone. Picking up passengers off the street in these areas can lead to suspension or revocation of the driver's taxi license, or even prosecution. </p><p>Other areas may have a mix of the two systems, where drivers may respond to radio calls and also pick up street fares. </p><p>Passengers may also hire taxicabs via <a href="/wiki/Mobile_app" title="Mobile app">mobile apps</a>. While not directly involving the call center, the taxis are still monitored by the dispatcher through GPS tracking. Many taxicab companies, including <a href="/wiki/Gett" title="Gett">Gett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Easy_Taxi" title="Easy Taxi">Easy Taxi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/GrabTaxi" class="mw-redirect" title="GrabTaxi">GrabTaxi</a> provide <a href="/wiki/Mobile_app" title="Mobile app">mobile apps</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dispatching">Dispatching</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Dispatching"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Its_a_Mad,_Mad,_Mad,_Mad_World_Trailer21.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Its_a_Mad%2C_Mad%2C_Mad%2C_Mad_World_Trailer21.jpg/220px-Its_a_Mad%2C_Mad%2C_Mad%2C_Mad_World_Trailer21.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="103" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Its_a_Mad%2C_Mad%2C_Mad%2C_Mad_World_Trailer21.jpg/330px-Its_a_Mad%2C_Mad%2C_Mad%2C_Mad_World_Trailer21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Its_a_Mad%2C_Mad%2C_Mad%2C_Mad_World_Trailer21.jpg/440px-Its_a_Mad%2C_Mad%2C_Mad%2C_Mad_World_Trailer21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="338" /></a><figcaption>In this scene from <i><a href="/wiki/It%27s_a_Mad,_Mad,_Mad,_Mad_World" title="It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World">It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World</a></i>, a <a href="/wiki/Yellow_cab" title="Yellow cab">yellow cab</a> driver, played by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Falk" title="Peter Falk">Peter Falk</a>, contacts his dispatch through a <a href="/wiki/Callbox" class="mw-redirect" title="Callbox">callbox</a> on the street. Two-way radio communication had not become a standard by the time the film was made in the early 1960s.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Traffic_jam_in_Istanbul%27s_road.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Traffic_jam_in_Istanbul%27s_road.JPG/220px-Traffic_jam_in_Istanbul%27s_road.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Traffic_jam_in_Istanbul%27s_road.JPG/330px-Traffic_jam_in_Istanbul%27s_road.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Traffic_jam_in_Istanbul%27s_road.JPG/440px-Traffic_jam_in_Istanbul%27s_road.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Taxis during a traffic jam in <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul, Turkey</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cologne_Germany_Taxi-waiting-at-Central_Station-01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Cologne_Germany_Taxi-waiting-at-Central_Station-01.jpg/220px-Cologne_Germany_Taxi-waiting-at-Central_Station-01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Cologne_Germany_Taxi-waiting-at-Central_Station-01.jpg/330px-Cologne_Germany_Taxi-waiting-at-Central_Station-01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Cologne_Germany_Taxi-waiting-at-Central_Station-01.jpg/440px-Cologne_Germany_Taxi-waiting-at-Central_Station-01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3393" data-file-height="5090" /></a><figcaption>Taxis waiting for customers in <a href="/wiki/Cologne,_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Cologne, Germany">Cologne, Germany</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Boat_taxi.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Boat_taxi.JPG/220px-Boat_taxi.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Boat_taxi.JPG/330px-Boat_taxi.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Boat_taxi.JPG/440px-Boat_taxi.JPG 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>A taxi in <a href="/wiki/Venice" title="Venice">Venice</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The activity of taxi fleets is usually monitored and controlled by a central office, which provides <a href="/wiki/Dispatch_(logistics)" title="Dispatch (logistics)">dispatching</a>, accounting, and human resources services to one or more taxi companies. Taxi owners and drivers usually communicate with the dispatch office through either a 2-way <a href="/wiki/Radiotelephone" title="Radiotelephone">radio</a> or a <a href="/wiki/Computer_assisted_dispatch" class="mw-redirect" title="Computer assisted dispatch">computer terminal</a> (called a <a href="/wiki/Mobile_data_terminal" title="Mobile data terminal">mobile data terminal</a>). Before the innovation of radio dispatch in the 1950s, taxi drivers would use a <a href="/wiki/Callbox" class="mw-redirect" title="Callbox">callbox</a>—a special telephone at a taxi stand—to contact the dispatch office.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2017_Toyota_Avanza_Transmover_-_Bluebird_Taxi_(front_right),_Kelapa_Gading,_North_Jakarta_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/2017_Toyota_Avanza_Transmover_-_Bluebird_Taxi_%28front_right%29%2C_Kelapa_Gading%2C_North_Jakarta_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-2017_Toyota_Avanza_Transmover_-_Bluebird_Taxi_%28front_right%29%2C_Kelapa_Gading%2C_North_Jakarta_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/2017_Toyota_Avanza_Transmover_-_Bluebird_Taxi_%28front_right%29%2C_Kelapa_Gading%2C_North_Jakarta_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-2017_Toyota_Avanza_Transmover_-_Bluebird_Taxi_%28front_right%29%2C_Kelapa_Gading%2C_North_Jakarta_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/2017_Toyota_Avanza_Transmover_-_Bluebird_Taxi_%28front_right%29%2C_Kelapa_Gading%2C_North_Jakarta_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-2017_Toyota_Avanza_Transmover_-_Bluebird_Taxi_%28front_right%29%2C_Kelapa_Gading%2C_North_Jakarta_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2920" data-file-height="2290" /></a><figcaption>A Bluebird Taxi in <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, Indonesia</figcaption></figure> <p>When a customer calls for a taxi, a trip is dispatched by either radio or computer, via an in-vehicle <a href="/wiki/Mobile_data_terminal" title="Mobile data terminal">mobile data terminal</a>, to the most suitable cab. The most suitable cab may either be the one closest to the pick-up address (often determined by <a href="/wiki/GPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS">GPS</a> coordinates nowadays) or the one that was the first to book into the "zone" surrounding the pickup address. Cabs are sometimes dispatched from their taxi stands; a call to "Top of the 2" means that the first cab in line at stand #2 is supposed to pick someone up. </p><p>In offices using radio dispatch, taxi locations are often tracked using magnetic pegs on a "board"—a metal sheet with an engraved map of taxi zones. In computerized dispatch, the status of taxis is tracked by the computer system. </p><p>Taxi frequencies are generally licensed in duplex pairs. One frequency is used for the dispatcher to talk to the cabs, and a second frequency is used to the cabs to talk back. This means that the drivers generally cannot talk to each other. Some cabs have a <a href="/wiki/CB_radio" class="mw-redirect" title="CB radio">CB radio</a> in addition to the company radio so they can speak to each other. </p><p>In the United States, there is a Taxicab Radio Service with pairs assigned for this purpose. A taxi company can also be licensed in the Business Radio Service. Business frequencies in the UHF range are also licensed in pairs to allow for repeaters, though taxi companies usually use the pair for <a href="/wiki/Duplex_(telecommunications)" title="Duplex (telecommunications)">duplex</a> communications. </p><p>Taxi dispatch is evolving in connection to the telecom sector with the advent of smart-phones. In some countries such as Australia, Canada, Germany, the UK and USA, smartphone applications are emerging that connect taxi drivers directly with passengers for the purpose of dispatching taxi jobs, launching new battles for the marketing of such apps over the potential mass of Taxi users. </p><p>Taxi fares are set by the state and city where they are permitted to operate. The fare includes the 'drop', a set amount that is tallied for getting into the taxi plus the 'per kilometer' rate as has been set by the city. The taxi meters track time as well as distance in an average taxi fare. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Drivers_and_companies">Drivers and companies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Drivers and companies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the United States, a <b>nut</b> is industry slang for the amount of money a driver has to pay upfront to <a href="/wiki/Lease" title="Lease">lease</a> a taxi for a specific period of time. Once that amount is collected in fare, the driver then begins to make a profit. A driver "on the nut" is trying to earn back the initial cost. This varies from city to city though, in <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas,_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Vegas, Nevada">Las Vegas, Nevada</a>, all taxicabs are owned and operated by the companies and all drivers are <a href="/wiki/Employee" class="mw-redirect" title="Employee">employees</a> (hence no initial cost and earn a percentage of each fare). So "on the nut" simply means to be next in a taxi stand to receive a passenger. Additionally, some cab companies are owned cooperatively, with profits shared through democratic governance.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regulatory_compliance_and_training">Regulatory compliance and training</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Regulatory compliance and training"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australia">Australia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Australia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Different states have different regulations for taxi driver registration and compliance: </p> <ul><li>New South Wales: There is an annual taxi licence determination which sets the maximum number of taxis allowed in specified areas. To be eligible you must have a taxi licence which is available from ABLIS.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The industry body is the NSW Taxi Council<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and it provides a pathway to becoming a taxi driver.</li> <li>Northern Territory: Apply for a Commercial Passenger Vehicle licence (H endorsement) and ID card.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Queensland: Apply for a driver authorisation.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>South Australia: Apply for South Australian driver accreditation with the SA government<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> then complete training with a registered training provider.</li> <li>Tasmania</li> <li>Victoria: Drivers apply to the Taxi Services Commission to get a driver accreditation<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Western Australia</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="New_Zealand">New Zealand</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: New Zealand"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>New Zealand taxi drivers fall under the definition of a Small Passenger Service Vehicle driver. They must have a P (passenger) endorsement on their <a href="/wiki/Driving_licence_in_New_Zealand" class="mw-redirect" title="Driving licence in New Zealand">driver licence</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Until 1 October 2017, all drivers wanting to obtain a P endorsement had to complete a P endorsement course,<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but that requirement was removed as a result of lobbying by <a href="/wiki/Uber" title="Uber">Uber</a> who had been flouting the law.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Drivers must comply with <a href="/wiki/Work-time" title="Work-time">work-time</a> rules and maintain a logbook, with the onus on training falling on companies and drivers since the P endorsement course was abandoned. </p><p>The New Zealand Taxi Federation<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the national advocacy group for taxi companies within New Zealand. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Navigation">Navigation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Navigation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KyotoTaxiRide.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/KyotoTaxiRide.jpg/220px-KyotoTaxiRide.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/KyotoTaxiRide.jpg/330px-KyotoTaxiRide.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/KyotoTaxiRide.jpg/440px-KyotoTaxiRide.jpg 2x" data-file-width="770" data-file-height="514" /></a><figcaption>The inside of a Japanese taxicab in <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a> with <a href="/wiki/GPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS">GPS</a> <a href="/wiki/Satellite_navigation_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Satellite navigation system">navigation</a> on board.</figcaption></figure> <p>Most experienced taxi drivers who have been working in the same city or region for a while would be expected to know the most important streets and places where their customers request to go. However, to aid the process of manual <a href="/wiki/Navigation" title="Navigation">navigation</a> and the taxi driver's <a href="/wiki/Memory" title="Memory">memory</a> (and the customer's as well at times) a cab driver is usually equipped with a detailed <a href="/wiki/Map" title="Map">roadmap</a> of the area in which they work. There is also an increasing use of <a href="/wiki/GPS" class="mw-redirect" title="GPS">GPS</a> driven navigational systems in wealthier countries. </p><p>In London, despite the complex and haphazard road layout, such aids have only recently been employed by a small number of 'black cab' taxi (as opposed to minicab) drivers. Instead, they are required to undergo a demanding process of learning and testing called <a href="/wiki/Taxis_of_the_United_Kingdom#The_Knowledge" title="Taxis of the United Kingdom">The Knowledge</a>. This typically takes around three years and equips them with a detailed command of 25,000 streets within central London, major routes outside this area, and all buildings and other destinations to which passengers may ask to be taken.<sup id="cite_ref-boys_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boys-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_concerns">Environmental concerns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Environmental concerns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brazilian_Fiat_Siena_TetraFuel_four_views.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Brazilian_Fiat_Siena_TetraFuel_four_views.jpg/220px-Brazilian_Fiat_Siena_TetraFuel_four_views.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Brazilian_Fiat_Siena_TetraFuel_four_views.jpg/330px-Brazilian_Fiat_Siena_TetraFuel_four_views.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Brazilian_Fiat_Siena_TetraFuel_four_views.jpg/440px-Brazilian_Fiat_Siena_TetraFuel_four_views.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1877" data-file-height="1291" /></a><figcaption>A Brazilian <a href="/wiki/Fiat_Siena" title="Fiat Siena">Fiat Siena Tetrafuel</a> taxi in <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo" title="São Paulo">São Paulo</a> runs as a <a href="/wiki/Flexible-fuel_vehicle" title="Flexible-fuel vehicle">flexible-fuel</a> or as a <a href="/wiki/Bi-fuel_vehicle" title="Bi-fuel vehicle">bi-fuel</a> with <a href="/wiki/Compressed_natural_gas" title="Compressed natural gas">CNG</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Taxicabs have been both criticized for creating pollution and also praised as an environmentally responsible alternative to private car use.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>One study, published in the journal Atmospheric Environment in January 2006, showed that the level of pollution that Londoners are exposed to differs according to the mode of transport that they use. When in the back seat of a taxicab people were exposed the most, while walking exposing people to the lowest amount of pollution.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternative_energy_and_propulsion">Alternative energy and propulsion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Alternative energy and propulsion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_taxi" title="Hybrid taxi">Hybrid taxi</a> and <a href="/wiki/All-electric_taxi" class="mw-redirect" title="All-electric taxi">All-electric taxi</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2016_Toyota_Prius_(ZVW50R)_Hybrid_liftback,_SMRT_taxis_(2017-11-29).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/2016_Toyota_Prius_%28ZVW50R%29_Hybrid_liftback%2C_SMRT_taxis_%282017-11-29%29.jpg/220px-2016_Toyota_Prius_%28ZVW50R%29_Hybrid_liftback%2C_SMRT_taxis_%282017-11-29%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="92" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/2016_Toyota_Prius_%28ZVW50R%29_Hybrid_liftback%2C_SMRT_taxis_%282017-11-29%29.jpg/330px-2016_Toyota_Prius_%28ZVW50R%29_Hybrid_liftback%2C_SMRT_taxis_%282017-11-29%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/2016_Toyota_Prius_%28ZVW50R%29_Hybrid_liftback%2C_SMRT_taxis_%282017-11-29%29.jpg/440px-2016_Toyota_Prius_%28ZVW50R%29_Hybrid_liftback%2C_SMRT_taxis_%282017-11-29%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3316" data-file-height="1394" /></a><figcaption>Singapore Toyota Prius <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_electric_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Hybrid electric car">hybrid taxicab</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NISSAN_LEAF_SUIZENJI_TAXI_FRONT.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/NISSAN_LEAF_SUIZENJI_TAXI_FRONT.JPG/220px-NISSAN_LEAF_SUIZENJI_TAXI_FRONT.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/NISSAN_LEAF_SUIZENJI_TAXI_FRONT.JPG/330px-NISSAN_LEAF_SUIZENJI_TAXI_FRONT.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/NISSAN_LEAF_SUIZENJI_TAXI_FRONT.JPG/440px-NISSAN_LEAF_SUIZENJI_TAXI_FRONT.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kumamoto_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Kumamoto City">Kumamoto City</a> incorporated the <a href="/wiki/Nissan_Leaf" title="Nissan Leaf">Nissan Leaf</a> <a href="/wiki/Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">electric taxi</a> to its taxi fleet in February 2011</figcaption></figure> <p>In Australia, nearly all taxis run on <a href="/wiki/Liquefied_petroleum_gas" title="Liquefied petroleum gas">LPG</a>, as well as the growing fleet of <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_electric_car" class="mw-redirect" title="Hybrid electric car">hybrids</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentina</a> and the main cities of Brazil have large fleets of taxis running on <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas_vehicle" title="Natural gas vehicle">natural gas</a>. Many Brazilian taxis are <a href="/wiki/Flexible-fuel" class="mw-redirect" title="Flexible-fuel">flexible-fuel</a> vehicles running on <a href="/wiki/Ethanol_fuel_in_Brazil" title="Ethanol fuel in Brazil">sugarcane ethanol</a>, and some are equipped to run on either natural gas or as a flex-fuel. At least two Brazilian car makers sell these type of <a href="/wiki/Bi-fuel_vehicle" title="Bi-fuel vehicle">bi-fuel vehicles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-TreeH_55-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TreeH-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GNVNews_57-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GNVNews-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> have many of their taxicabs running on compressed natural gas (CNG). </p><p>San Francisco became one of the first cities to introduce hybrids for taxi service in 2005, with a fleet of 15 <a href="/wiki/Ford_Escape_Hybrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Ford Escape Hybrid">Ford Escape Hybrids</a>, and by 2009 the original Escape Hybrids were retired after 480,000 km (300,000 mi) per vehicle.<sup id="cite_ref-GreenCG1_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GreenCG1-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2007 the city approved the Clean Air Taxi Grant Program in order to encourage cab companies to purchase <a href="/wiki/Alternative_fuel_vehicle" title="Alternative fuel vehicle">alternative fuel vehicles</a>, by providing incentives of US$2,000 per new alternative fuel vehicle on a first-come, first-served basis.<sup id="cite_ref-HybC2010_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HybC2010-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SFMayor_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFMayor-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Out of a total of 1,378 eligible vehicles (wheelchair-accessible taxi-vans are excluded) 788 are alternative fuel vehicles, representing 57% of the San Francisco's taxicab fleet by March 2010. Gasoline-electric hybrids accounted for 657 green taxis and <a href="/wiki/Compressed_natural_gas" title="Compressed natural gas">compressed natural gas vehicles</a> for 131.<sup id="cite_ref-HybC2010_59-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HybC2010-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-SFMayor_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SFMayor-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of mid-2009 New York City had 2,019 <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle" title="Hybrid electric vehicle">hybrid</a> taxis and 12 <a href="/wiki/Clean_diesel" class="mw-redirect" title="Clean diesel">clean diesel</a> vehicles,<sup id="cite_ref-NYT032009_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT032009-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> representing 15% of New York's 13,237 taxis in service, the most in any city in North America. At this time owners began retiring its original hybrid fleet after 480,000 and 560,000 km (300,000 and 350,000 mi) per vehicle.<sup id="cite_ref-GreenCG1_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GreenCG1-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two attempts by the <a href="/wiki/Michael_R._Bloomberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael R. Bloomberg">Bloomberg Administration</a> to implement policies to force the replacement of all New York's 13,000 taxis for hybrids by 2012 have been blocked by court rulings.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT102008_64-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT102008-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-NYT092009_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT092009-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a> is following New York City's lead by proposing a mandate for Chicago's entire fleet of 6,700 taxicabs to become hybrid by 1 January 2014. As of 2008 Chicago's fleet had only 50 hybrid taxicabs.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008 <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a> mandated that its entire taxi fleet must be converted to hybrids by 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Virginia" class="mw-redirect" title="Arlington, Virginia">Arlington, Virginia</a> also has a small fleet of 85 environmentally friendly hybrid cabs introduced in early 2008. The <a href="/wiki/Green_transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Green transport">green</a> taxi expansion is part of a county campaign known as Fresh AIRE, or Arlington Initiative to Reduce Emissions, and included a new all-hybrid taxi company called <a href="/wiki/EnviroCAB" title="EnviroCAB">EnviroCAB</a>, which became the first all-hybrid taxicab fleet in the United States, and the first carbon-negative taxicab company in the world<sup id="cite_ref-First_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-First-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CleanAirCab_70-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CleanAirCab-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A similar all-hybrid taxicab company, <a href="/wiki/Clean_Air_Cab" title="Clean Air Cab">Clean Air Cab</a>, was launched in <a href="/wiki/Phoenix,_Arizona" title="Phoenix, Arizona">Phoenix, Arizona</a> in October 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-CleanAirCab_70-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CleanAirCab-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Japan, electric taxicabs are becoming increasingly popular. In 2009, battery-swap company <a href="/wiki/Better_Place_(company)" title="Better Place (company)">Better Place</a> teamed with the Japanese government to trial a fleet of electric taxis with the <a href="/wiki/Better_Place_(company)" title="Better Place (company)">Better Place</a> battery-swap system in <a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, the taxi company Hinomaru Linousine Company launched two <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_i_MiEV" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitsubishi i MiEV">Mitsubishi i MiEV</a> electric taxicabs in Tokyo. Both taxicabs had female drivers and were branded under <i>ZeRO TAXI</i> livery.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hybrid taxis are becoming more and more common in Canada, with all new taxis in <a href="/wiki/British_Columbia" title="British Columbia">British Columbia</a> being hybrids, or other fuel efficient vehicles, such as the <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Prius" title="Toyota Prius">Toyota Prius</a> or <a href="/wiki/Toyota_Corolla" title="Toyota Corolla">Toyota Corolla</a>. Hybrids such as the Ford Escape Hybrid are slowly being added to the taxicab fleet in Mexico City.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Other cities where taxi service is available with hybrid vehicles include Tokyo, London, Sydney, Rome and Singapore.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a> introduced the first <a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Elantra_LPI_Hybrid" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyundai Elantra LPI Hybrid">LPI hybrid</a> taxi in December 2009. The <a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">internal combustion engine</a> runs on <a href="/wiki/Liquefied_petroleum_gas" title="Liquefied petroleum gas">liquefied petroleum gas</a> (LPG) as a fuel.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010 <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, China introduced electric taxis. A trial run began in March 2010 with taxis being cheaper than their regular gasoline counterparts.<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_trade_association">International trade association</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: International trade association"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Taxicab,_Limousine_%26_Paratransit_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicab, Limousine & Paratransit Association">Taxicab, Limousine & Paratransit Association</a> (TLPA) was established in 1917 in the United States, and is a non-profit trade association of and for the private passenger transportation industry. Today its membership spans the globe and includes 1,100 taxicab companies, executive sedan and <a href="/wiki/Limousine" title="Limousine">limousine</a> services, <a href="/wiki/Airport_shuttle" class="mw-redirect" title="Airport shuttle">airport shuttle</a> fleets, non-emergency medical transportation companies, and <a href="/wiki/Paratransit" title="Paratransit">paratransit</a> services. </p><p>In April 2011, TLPA announced a nationwide "Transportation on Patrol" initiative. The TOP program gives local police departments the materials they need to train volunteer taxi drivers to be good witnesses and watch out for criminal behavior.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Occupational_hazards">Occupational hazards</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Occupational hazards"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Taxicab drivers are at risk for <a href="/wiki/Homicide" title="Homicide">homicide</a> at a far higher rate than the general working population in the United States (7.4 per 100,000 and 0.37 per 100,000, respectively). In efforts to reduce homicides, bulletproof partitions were introduced in many taxicabs in the 1990s, and in the 21st century, security cameras were added to many taxicabs. Security cameras have been shown to be more effective when implemented by cities and not taxicab companies.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Cab drivers also work together to protect one another both from physical threats and passengers who refuse to pay.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Also, in some countries, it is reported that taxi drivers involve in more unsafe driving behaviors. Taxi drivers' feelings about their occupation, including traffic chaos, social prestige, economic pressure, and job satisfaction, may impact on the subsequent driving behaviors.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Regulation">Regulation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Regulation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Confusing plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-confusing" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>may be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vagueness" title="Wikipedia:Vagueness">confusing or unclear</a> to readers</b>. In particular, it doesn't include or links to existing taxicab regulations, and the reasons behind them, so deregulation can be explained in context..<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">clarify the section</a>. There might be a discussion about this on <a href="/wiki/Talk:Taxi" title="Talk:Taxi">the talk page</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">April 2018</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taxis_in_Sydney_-_13_Cabs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Taxis_in_Sydney_-_13_Cabs.jpg/220px-Taxis_in_Sydney_-_13_Cabs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Taxis_in_Sydney_-_13_Cabs.jpg/330px-Taxis_in_Sydney_-_13_Cabs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Taxis_in_Sydney_-_13_Cabs.jpg/440px-Taxis_in_Sydney_-_13_Cabs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3534" data-file-height="1988" /></a><figcaption>A queue of <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_vehicle" title="Hybrid vehicle">hybrid</a> taxis in <a href="/wiki/Sydney" title="Sydney">Sydney</a>, Australia</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Support_of_deregulation">Support of deregulation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Support of deregulation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Supporters of taxicab deregulation may argue that deregulation causes the following benefits:<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>lower prices, because more taxis are competing on the market;</li> <li>lower operating costs, incentivized by the competition;</li> <li>the competition adds quality and the pressure to enhance one's reputation;</li> <li>new innovations such as shared-ride markets and special services for disabled people, new market niches;</li> <li>the demand for taxi services increases, as the prices fall and the quality improves.</li></ul> <p>However, there appears to be a consensus that taxi deregulation has been less impressive than advocates had hoped.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Possible reasons include overestimation of what deregulation could deliver and insufficiently thorough deregulation<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some also emphasize that the strong cab-driver subculture, itself, ("The Last American Cowboys"), provides its own form of informal regulation.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Deregulation advocates may claim that the taxi service level increases most in the poorest sections of the city. The effect is highest in peak hours and bad weather, when the demand is highest.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Deregulation advocates also may claim that, in a deregulated environment:<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mitsubishi_Taxi_Ghana.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Mitsubishi_Taxi_Ghana.JPG/220px-Mitsubishi_Taxi_Ghana.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Mitsubishi_Taxi_Ghana.JPG/330px-Mitsubishi_Taxi_Ghana.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Mitsubishi_Taxi_Ghana.JPG/440px-Mitsubishi_Taxi_Ghana.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Mitsubishi Taxi in <a href="/wiki/Central_Region_(Ghana)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Region (Ghana)">Ghana's Central Region</a></figcaption></figure><p>black market taxis become legal, possibly eliminating their problems, </p><ul><li>cities save money, as they do not have to plan and enforce regulation.</li></ul> <p>In nearly all deregulating cities the number of taxis increased, more people were employed as drivers, and deregulation advocates claim needs were better satisfied.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Existing taxi companies may try to limit competition by potential new entrants. For example, in New York City the monopoly advantage for taxi license holders was $590 million in the early 1980s. The city has 1,400 fewer licenses than in 1937. Proponents of deregulation argue that the main losers are the car-less poor and disabled people.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taxi owners form a strong lobby network that marginalizes drivers and taxi users. It also pays local government officials to uphold taxi regulation.<sup id="cite_ref-wp_82-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wp-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The regulators usually do not wish to rise against the taxi-owner lobby.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The politicians do not want taxi drivers to have a negative opinion of them.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taxi deregulation proponents claims that immigrants and other poor minorities suffer most from taxi regulation, because the work requires relatively little education. Regulation makes entrance to the taxi business particularly difficult for them.<sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> People who are elderly, disabled, housewives and poor use taxis more often than others.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to Moore and Rose, it is better to address potential problems of deregulation directly instead of regulating the number of taxi licences. For example, if the regulators want to increase safety, they should make safety statutes or publish a public list of safe taxi operators.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Proponents of deregulation also claim that if officials want to regulate prices they should standardize the measures rather than <a href="/wiki/Price_regulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Price regulation">command prices</a>. For example, they may require that any distance tariffs are set for the first 1/5 miles and then for every subsequent 1/3 miles, to make it easier to compare the prices of different taxis. They should not prohibit other pricing than distance pricing.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deregulation advocates claim that regulators only have a very limited information on the market.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Black market taxis often have problems with safety, poor customer service, and fares. This situation is made worse because customer who patronize such taxis cannot complain to the police or media. However, proponent of taxi deregulation argue that when these illegal taxis become legalized, their behavior will improve and complaints to officials about these formerly illegal taxis would be allowed.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taxi companies claim that deregulation may lead to an unstable taxi market. However, one pro-deregulation study by Kitch, Isaacson and Kasper claims that the previous argument is a myth because it ignores the U.S. free taxi competition up to 1929.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Airport_taxis_as_a_special_case">Airport taxis as a special case</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Airport taxis as a special case"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some deregulation proponents are less opposed to airport taxi regulation than to regulation of other taxi services. They argue that if an airport regulates prices for taxis in its taxi queues, such regulation has fewer disadvantages than citywide regulation. An airport may determine prices or organize different queues for taxi services of different qualities and prices. It can be argued whether rules set by the owner of an airport are regulation or just a business model.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Partial_deregulation_as_a_failure">Partial deregulation as a failure</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Partial deregulation as a failure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Proponents of deregulation argue that partial deregulation is the cause of many cases of deregulation failing to achieve desirable results in United States cities. Many U.S. cities retained regulations on prices and services while allowing for free entrance to taxi business. Deregulation advocates argue that this prevented market mechanisms from solving information problems because new entrants have found it difficult to win new customers using new services or cheap prices. Also, ride-sharing has often been prohibited.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Often officials have also prohibited pricing that would have made short rides in sparsely populated areas profitable. Thus drivers have refused to take such customers. Therefore, partial deregulation is not always enough to enhance the situation.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One study claims that deregulation was applied to a too small area.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the taxi regulation report by U.S. FTC it was concluded that there are not grounds for limiting the number of taxi companies and cars. These limitations cause a disproportionate burden on low income people. It is better to increase the pay for unprofitable areas than to force the taxis to serve these areas.<sup id="cite_ref-ftc_86-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ftc-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the report, the experience on free entry and price competition are mainly positive: prices have fallen, waiting times were shortened, the market shares of the biggest companies have fallen, and city councils have saved time from licensing and fare setting. However, the airports should either set their own <a href="/wiki/Price_ceiling" title="Price ceiling">price ceilings</a> or allow for price competition by altering the queue system.<sup id="cite_ref-ftc_86-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ftc-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposition_to_deregulation">Opposition to deregulation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Opposition to deregulation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Opponents of taxi deregulation argue that deregulation will result in high taxi driver turnover rates which may cause the number of less-qualified taxi drivers to increase, dishonest business practices such as <a href="/wiki/Price_gouging" title="Price gouging">price gouging</a> (especially on airport routes) and circuitous routing, and poor customer service.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Connecticut_General_Assembly" title="Connecticut General Assembly">Connecticut General Assembly</a> report argues that deregulation fails to cause price decreases because taxi passengers typically do not price comparison shop when searching for taxicabs, and that fares usually increased with deregulation because the higher supply of taxis caused drivers' earning potential to decrease.<sup id="cite_ref-dereg_88-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dereg-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This report claims that deregulation resulted in dramatically increased taxi supply, especially at already overserved airport locations, fare increases in every city, and an increase in short-trip refusals by taxicab drivers.<sup id="cite_ref-dereg_88-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dereg-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This report argues that deregulation has led to undesirable results in several American cities. Seattle deregulated taxis in 1980, resulting in a high supply of taxicabs, variable rates, price gouging, short-haul refusals, poor treatment of passengers.<sup id="cite_ref-dereg_88-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dereg-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, Seattle re-regulated in 1984, reinstating a restriction on taxicab licenses and fare controls.<sup id="cite_ref-dereg_88-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dereg-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In St. Louis, deregulation produced a 35% rise in taxi fares, and taxicab drivers complained of waiting hours at airports for customers at taxicab stands.<sup id="cite_ref-dereg_88-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dereg-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Taxicab companies claimed they increased fares in order to make up for lost competition resulting from the increased supply of taxis. As a result, the St. Louis City Council froze new taxicab licenses in 2002.<sup id="cite_ref-dereg_88-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dereg-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A study of the deregulation of taxis in Sweden in 1991 showed that the taxicab supply increased, but average fares also increased in almost all cases.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1995_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1995-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Specifically, average fares per hour increased for all trips. Average fares also increased for fares calculated by distance (per kilometer) in almost every category studied – for all customer-paid trips in municipalities of all 3 sizes (small, medium, and large) and increased for municipality-paid trips in small and large municipalities; fares only decreased for municipality-paid trips in medium-sized municipalities that were calculated per kilometer.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1995_89-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1995-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deregulation also resulted in decreased taxicab productivity and decreased taxi-company revenues.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1995_89-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1995-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This study concluded that deregulation resulted in increased fares especially in rural areas and the authors argued that the increased fares were due to low taxi company revenues after deregulation.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1995_89-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1995-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Taxi companies claim that deregulation would cause problems, raise prices and lower service level on certain hours or in certain places. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Taxi_medallion" title="Taxi medallion">medallion system</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="The preceding text may be too imprecise or indirect for Wikipedia's standards. (May 2017)">when defined as?</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-HO121015_90-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HO121015-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> has been defended by some experts. They argue that the medallion system is similar to a brand-name capital asset and enforces quality of service because quality service results in higher ridership, thus increasing the value of owning the medallion.<sup id="cite_ref-Gallick-Sisk_91-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gallick-Sisk-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They argue that issuing new medallions would decrease the medallion value and thus the incentive for the medallion owner to provide quality service or comply with city regulations.<sup id="cite_ref-Gallick-Sisk_91-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gallick-Sisk-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They also argue that the medallion may be preferable to alternate systems of regulation (such as fines, required bonds with seizures of interest payments on those bonds for violations, or licensing of all would-be taxis with revocation of that license for violations) because fines are difficult to collect, license revocation may not be a sufficient deterrent for profitable violations such as price cheating, and because using penalties on bond interest payments give regulators an incentive to impose penalties to collect revenue (rather than for legitimate violations).<sup id="cite_ref-Gallick-Sisk_91-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gallick-Sisk-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Medallions do not earn interest and thus inappropriate seizures of interest by regulators is not possible.<sup id="cite_ref-Gallick-Sisk_91-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gallick-Sisk-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Results_of_deregulation_in_specific_localities">Results of deregulation in specific localities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Results of deregulation in specific localities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The results of taxi deregulation in specific cities has varied widely. </p><p>A study of taxi deregulation in nine United States cities found that the number of taxi firms increased, but large incumbent firms continued to dominate all but one of the nine cities.<sup id="cite_ref-Teal-Berglund_92-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teal-Berglund-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The taxi prices did not fall in real terms, but increased in every city studied.<sup id="cite_ref-Teal-Berglund_92-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teal-Berglund-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Turnover was concentrated among small operators (usually one-cab operators); little turnover occurred among medium and large new firms and no exit by a large incumbent firm occurred since deregulation.<sup id="cite_ref-Teal-Berglund_92-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teal-Berglund-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Productivity decreased by at least one-third in all four cities for which sufficient data was obtainable; the authors argued that decreases of this magnitude in productivity have serious economic consequences for taxi drivers, by shifting the industry from employee drivers to lease drivers and causing the average taxi driver to earn a lower income.<sup id="cite_ref-Teal-Berglund_92-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teal-Berglund-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Innovation in service did <i>not</i> occur in the deregulated cities because such innovations (especially shared-ride service) were doubted by taxi operators to be justified by demand and because the operators viewed that they would cause a net decrease in revenue.<sup id="cite_ref-Teal-Berglund_92-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teal-Berglund-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Discounts were offered in certain deregulated cities; however, these discounts were small (10% typically) and were also offered in some regulated cities.<sup id="cite_ref-Teal-Berglund_92-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teal-Berglund-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The study found a lack of service innovation and little change in level of service despite the increased number of taxicabs.<sup id="cite_ref-Teal-Berglund_92-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Teal-Berglund-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>, taxi deregulation resulted in modest decreases in taxi fares (primarily among long-distance trips); however, Japanese taxi fares are still very high (still the highest in the world).<sup id="cite_ref-usatoday2005_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usatoday2005-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also, taxi driver incomes decreased, and the earnings of taxi companies also decreased substantially.<sup id="cite_ref-usatoday2005_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usatoday2005-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Deregulation failed to increase taxicab ridership enough to compensate taxi companies for those losses.<sup id="cite_ref-usatoday2005_93-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usatoday2005-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The burden of deregulation fell disproportionately on taxi drivers because taxi companies increased the number of taxis rented to drivers (to make more money from rental fees), which resulted in stiff competition among drivers, decreasing their earnings.<sup id="cite_ref-usatoday2005_93-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usatoday2005-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Transportation professor Seiji Abe of <a href="/wiki/Kansai_University" title="Kansai University">Kansai University</a> considered deregulation to be a failure in the Japanese taxi industry (despite what he considers success in other Japanese industries).<sup id="cite_ref-usatoday2005_93-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-usatoday2005-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a>, taxi deregulation in 2000 failed to reach policy objectives of strengthening the role of the taxi in the overall Dutch transport system.<sup id="cite_ref-etcproceedings1_94-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-etcproceedings1-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Instead, the deregulation resulted in unanticipated fare increases (not decreases) in large cities, and bad driver behavior became a serious problem.<sup id="cite_ref-etcproceedings1_94-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-etcproceedings1-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Local authorities had lost their say in the market due to the deregulation, and thus were unable to correct these problems.<sup id="cite_ref-etcproceedings1_94-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-etcproceedings1-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Taxi_wars_in_South_Africa" title="Taxi wars in South Africa">South Africa</a>, taxi deregulation has resulted in the emergence of taxi cartels which carry out acts of gun violence against rival cartels in attempts to monopolize desirable routes.<sup id="cite_ref-south_95-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-south-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a>, taxis were deregulated in 1987, resulting in fierce competition among new drivers, who then organized into rival cartels in the absence of government regulation, and which used violence and gangland tactics to protect and expand their territories.<sup id="cite_ref-south_95-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-south-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These "taxi wars" have resulted in between 120 and 330 deaths annually since deregulation.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These taxi cartels have engaged in anticompetitive <a href="/wiki/Price-fixing" class="mw-redirect" title="Price-fixing">price-fixing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> taxi deregulation increased the supply of taxi services and initially decreased the prices remarkably in big cities, whereas the effects in smaller cities were small.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Ireland</a>, taxi deregulation decreased waiting times so much that the liberalization became very popular among the public.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (June 2012)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Taxi#Dubious" title="Talk:Taxi">discuss</a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_98-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The number of companies was increased and the quality of cars and drives did not fall.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Accuracy_dispute#Disputed_statement" title="Wikipedia:Accuracy dispute"><span title="The material near this tag is possibly inaccurate or nonfactual. (June 2012)">dubious</span></a> – <a href="/wiki/Talk:Taxi#Dubious" title="Talk:Taxi">discuss</a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_98-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some have argued that the regulation should be completely abolished, not just cut down.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore-Balaker_80-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-Balaker-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Minister Alan Kelly held a review of Ireland's taxi industry after Ireland's national broadcaster RTÉ broadcast an investigation into the taxi industry 10 years after de-regulation.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> taxi fares rose 13% after 2018 deregulation.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Air_taxi" title="Air taxi">Air taxi</a>: aircraft</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carry_On_Cabby" title="Carry On Cabby">Carry On Cabby</a></i> film</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_taxicab_operation" class="mw-redirect" title="Illegal taxicab operation">Illegal taxicab operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pet_taxi" title="Pet taxi">Pet taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rickshaw" title="Rickshaw">Rickshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxicab_number" title="Taxicab number">Taxicab number</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_network_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation network company">Transportation network company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_for_hire" title="Vehicle for hire">Vehicle for hire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%A9midjan" title="Zémidjan">Zémidjan</a>, a type of taxi found in <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFierro1996" class="citation book cs1">Fierro, Alfred (1996). <i>Histoire et dictionnaire de Paris</i>. Robert Laffont. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-221-07862-4" title="Special:BookSources/2-221-07862-4"><bdi>2-221-07862-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+et+dictionnaire+de+Paris&rft.pub=Robert+Laffont&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=2-221-07862-4&rft.aulast=Fierro&rft.aufirst=Alfred&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaxi" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Dictionnaire historique de Paris</i>. La Pochothèque. 2013. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-2-253-13140-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-2-253-13140-3"><bdi>978-2-253-13140-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dictionnaire+historique+de+Paris&rft.pub=La+Pochoth%C3%A8que&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-2-253-13140-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaxi" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrown2016" class="citation web cs1">Brown, Peter Jensen (15 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://esnpc.blogspot.com/2016/05/taximeter-taximeter-uber-alles-history.html">"A History of the Taxicab"</a>. <i>Early Sports 'n' Pop-Culture History Blog</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Early+Sports+%27n%27+Pop-Culture+History+Blog&rft.atitle=A+History+of+the+Taxicab&rft.date=2016-05-15&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Peter+Jensen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fesnpc.blogspot.com%2F2016%2F05%2Ftaximeter-taximeter-uber-alles-history.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reverso.net/german-english/Taxe">"Taxe translation English – German dictionary – Reverso"</a>. <i>dictionary.reverso.net</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dictionary.reverso.net&rft.atitle=Taxe+translation+English+%E2%80%93+German+dictionary+%E2%80%93+Reverso&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.reverso.net%2Fgerman-english%2FTaxe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/morph?l=ta%2Fssw&la=greek&can=ta%2Fssw0&prior=to/&d=Perseus:text:1999.04.0057:alphabetic%20letter=*t:entry%20group=1:entry=ta/gma&i=1#lexicon">"Henry George Liddell. Robert Scott. A Greek-English Lexicon. revised and augmented throughout by. Sir Henry Stuart Jones. with the assistance of. Roderick McKenzie. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1940"</a>. <i>Perseus Digital Library</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Perseus+Digital+Library&rft.atitle=Henry+George+Liddell.+Robert+Scott.+A+Greek-English+Lexicon.+revised+and+augmented+throughout+by.+Sir+Henry+Stuart+Jones.+with+the+assistance+of.+Roderick+McKenzie.+Oxford.+Clarendon+Press.+1940&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Fmorph%3Fl%3Dta%252Fssw%26la%3Dgreek%26can%3Dta%252Fssw0%26prior%3Dto%2F%26d%3DPerseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aalphabetic%2520letter%3D%2At%3Aentry%2520group%3D1%3Aentry%3Dta%2Fgma%26i%3D1%23lexicon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thucydides. Historiae in two volumes. book 5. chapter 6. section 5. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1942.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herodotus, <i>The Histories</i> with an English translation by A. D. Godley.book 3.chapter 89. Cambridge. Harvard University Press. 1920.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010712230952/http://www.bartleby.com/61/45/T0064500.html">"taximeter"</a> (Fourth ed.). The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (Bartleby). 2000. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bartleby.com/61/45/T0064500.html">the original</a> on 12 July 2001<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=taximeter&rft.edition=Fourth&rft.pub=The+American+Heritage+Dictionary+of+the+English+Language+%28Bartleby%29&rft.date=2000&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bartleby.com%2F61%2F45%2FT0064500.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFierro19961166-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFierro19961166_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFierro19961166_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFierro1996">Fierro 1996</a>, p. 1166.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn82016187/1907-05-23/ed-1/seq-2/#date1=1836&sort=date&date2=1909&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&index=12&words=cabs+taxi&proxdistance=5&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=taxi+cab&phrasetext=&andtext=&dateFilterType=">"The National tribune (Page 2, Image 2)"</a>. <i>The National Tribune</i>. 23 May 1907<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+National+Tribune&rft.atitle=The+National+tribune+%28Page+2%2C+Image+2%29&rft.date=1907-05-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn82016187%2F1907-05-23%2Fed-1%2Fseq-2%2F%23date1%3D1836%26sort%3Ddate%26date2%3D1909%26searchType%3Dadvanced%26language%3D%26sequence%3D0%26index%3D12%26words%3Dcabs%2Btaxi%26proxdistance%3D5%26rows%3D20%26ortext%3D%26proxtext%3Dtaxi%2Bcab%26phrasetext%3D%26andtext%3D%26dateFilterType%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreengrass2015" class="citation book cs1">Greengrass, Mark (2015). <i>Christendom destroyed: Europe 1517–1648</i>. 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London: Vinton. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/earlycarriagesa00gilbgoog/page/n43">29</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Early+Carriages+and+Roads&rft.place=London&rft.pages=29&rft.pub=Vinton&rft.date=1903&rft.aulast=Gilbey&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fearlycarriagesa00gilbgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-London_taxi-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-London_taxi_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-London_taxi_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150429042550/http://www.london-taxi-cabs.com/information/history-of-the-licensed-london-taxi">"History of the Licensed London Taxi"</a>. london-taxi-cabs.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.london-taxi-cabs.com/information/history-of-the-licensed-london-taxi">the original</a> on 29 April 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Licensed+London+Taxi&rft.pub=london-taxi-cabs.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.london-taxi-cabs.com%2Finformation%2Fhistory-of-the-licensed-london-taxi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFirthRait1911" class="citation cs2">Firth, C.H.; Rait, R.S., eds. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+South+African+Taxi+Industry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.compcom.co.za%2Fresources%2FCompComIssue11%2Fpages%2F04_taxi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-98"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_98-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_98-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSandholm2019" class="citation web cs1">Sandholm, Piia (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theseus.fi/handle/10024/266806">"Consequences of the deregulation of the taxi services : Insights from consumers in the Oulu region"</a>. <i>www.theseus.fi</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.theseus.fi&rft.atitle=Consequences+of+the+deregulation+of+the+taxi+services+%3A+Insights+from+consumers+in+the+Oulu+region.&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Sandholm&rft.aufirst=Piia&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theseus.fi%2Fhandle%2F10024%2F266806&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120425222250/http://www.nationaltransport.ie/news/government-report-on-taxi-regulation-review/">"Government Report on Taxi Regulation Review – National Transport Authority"</a>. 31 January 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationaltransport.ie/news/government-report-on-taxi-regulation-review/">the original</a> on 25 April 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Government+Report+on+Taxi+Regulation+Review+%E2%80%93+National+Transport+Authority&rft.date=2012-01-31&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationaltransport.ie%2Fnews%2Fgovernment-report-on-taxi-regulation-review%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yle.fi/uutiset/osasto/news/taxi_fares_in_finland_rose_13_after_2018_deregulation/11167282">"Taxi fares in Finland rose 13% after 2018 deregulation"</a>. <i>News</i>. 20 January 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=News&rft.atitle=Taxi+fares+in+Finland+rose+13%25+after+2018+deregulation&rft.date=2020-01-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyle.fi%2Fuutiset%2Fosasto%2Fnews%2Ftaxi_fares_in_finland_rose_13_after_2018_deregulation%2F11167282&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATaxi" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Taxi&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxis" title="Template:Taxis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Taxis" title="Template talk:Taxis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Taxis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Taxis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Taxis251" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Taxis</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#History">History of taxis</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auto_rickshaw" title="Auto rickshaw">Auto rickshaw taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_taxi" title="Air taxi">Air taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_rickshaw" title="Cycle rickshaw">Cycle rickshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hackney_carriage" title="Hackney carriage">Hackney carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_taxi" title="Hybrid taxi">Hybrid taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limousine" title="Limousine">Limousine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_taxi" title="Motorcycle taxi">Motorcycle taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pet_taxi" title="Pet taxi">Pet taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_Rapid_Transit" class="mw-redirect" title="Personal Rapid Transit">Personal rapid transit / railed taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Share_taxi" title="Share taxi">Share taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_taxi" title="Water taxi">Water taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_cab" title="Yellow cab">Yellow cab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_taxi" title="Mercedes-Benz taxi">Mercedes-Benz taxi</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Checker_Taxi_Madison_Sq_jeh.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Checker_Taxi_Madison_Sq_jeh.jpg/70px-Checker_Taxi_Madison_Sq_jeh.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Checker_Taxi_Madison_Sq_jeh.jpg/105px-Checker_Taxi_Madison_Sq_jeh.jpg 1.5x, 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drivers">Fictional taxi drivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_taxis" title="Category:Films about taxis">Films about taxis</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">see also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_for_hire" title="Vehicle for hire">Vehicles for hire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="font-weight:bold;"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Automobile_configuration" title="Template:Automobile configuration"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Automobile_configuration" title="Template talk:Automobile configuration"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Automobile_configuration" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Automobile configuration"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Car_design561" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Car" title="Car">Car</a> design</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Car_classification" title="Car classification">Classification</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By size</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microcar" title="Microcar">Micro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kei_car" title="Kei car">Kei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcompact_car" title="Subcompact car">Subcompact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B-segment" title="B-segment">Supermini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Family_car" title="Family car">Family</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compact_car" title="Compact car">Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-size_car" title="Mid-size car">Mid-size</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Full-size_car" title="Full-size car">Full-size</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Custom_car" title="Custom car">Custom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hot_rod" title="Hot rod">Hot rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lead_sled" title="Lead sled">Lead sled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lowrider" title="Lowrider">Lowrider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_rod#1960s_rise_of_the_street_rod" title="Hot rod">Street rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-bucket" title="T-bucket">T-bucket</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Luxury_car" title="Luxury car">Luxury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compact_executive_car" title="Compact executive car">Compact executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_car" title="Executive car">Executive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_luxury_car" title="Personal luxury car">Personal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Minivan" title="Minivan">Minivan / MPV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compact_MPV" title="Compact MPV">Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leisure_activity_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Leisure activity vehicle">Leisure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini_MPV" title="Mini MPV">Mini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/SUV" title="SUV">SUV</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compact_sport_utility_vehicle" title="Compact sport utility vehicle">Compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_(automobile)" title="Crossover (automobile)">Crossover (CUV)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mini_SUV" class="mw-redirect" title="Mini SUV">Mini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe_SUV" title="Coupe SUV">Coupe SUV</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sports_car" title="Sports car">Sports</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_tourer" title="Grand tourer">Grand tourer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_hatch" title="Hot hatch">Hot hatch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muscle_car" title="Muscle car">Muscle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pony_car" title="Pony car">Pony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_compact" title="Sport compact">Sport compact</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_sedan" title="Sports sedan">Sports sedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supercar" title="Supercar">Super</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-kart" title="Go-kart">Go-kart</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antique_car" title="Antique car">Antique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classic_car" title="Classic car">Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_car" title="Economy car">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ute_(vehicle)" title="Ute (vehicle)">Ute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Van" title="Van">Van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vintage_car" title="Vintage car">Vintage car</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Euro_Car_Segment" title="Euro Car Segment">EU</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-segment" title="A-segment">A-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B-segment" title="B-segment">B-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-segment" title="C-segment">C-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D-segment" title="D-segment">D-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-segment" title="E-segment">E-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-segment" title="F-segment">F-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J-segment" class="mw-redirect" title="J-segment">J-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M-segment" class="mw-redirect" title="M-segment">M-segment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-segment" title="S-segment">S-segment</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Car_body_style" title="Car body style">Body styles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2%2B2_(car_body_style)" title="2+2 (car body style)">2+2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baquet_(car_body_style)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baquet (car body style)">Baquet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barchetta" title="Barchetta">Barchetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlinetta" title="Berlinetta">Berlinetta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brougham_(car_body)" title="Brougham (car body)">Brougham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabrio_coach" title="Cabrio coach">Cabrio coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cab_over" title="Cab over">Cab over</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convertible" title="Convertible">Cabriolet / Convertible / Drophead coupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe" title="Coupe">Coupe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe_de_Ville" class="mw-redirect" title="Coupe de Ville">Coupé de Ville / Sedanca de Ville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coup%C3%A9_utility" title="Coupé utility">Coupé utility</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fastback" title="Fastback">Fastback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardtop" title="Hardtop">Hardtop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatchback" title="Hatchback">Hatchback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kammback" title="Kammback">Kammback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Landaulet_(car)" title="Landaulet (car)">Landaulet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liftback" title="Liftback">Liftback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limousine" title="Limousine">Limousine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microvan" title="Microvan">Microvan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minibus" title="Minibus">Minibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-stop_truck" title="Multi-stop truck">Multi-stop truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notchback" title="Notchback">Notchback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_van" title="Panel van">Panel van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phaeton_body" title="Phaeton body">Phaeton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickup_truck" title="Pickup truck">Pickup truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quad_coup%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Quad coupé">Quad coupé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convertible" title="Convertible">Retractable hardtop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roadster_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Roadster (automobile)">Roadster / Spider / Spyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runabout_(car)" title="Runabout (car)">Runabout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedan_(automobile)" title="Sedan (automobile)">Saloon / Sedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panel_van" title="Panel van">Sedan delivery/Panel van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_brake" title="Shooting brake">Shooting brake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Station_wagon" title="Station wagon">Station wagon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Targa_top" title="Targa top">Targa top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torpedo_(car)" title="Torpedo (car)">Torpedo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Touring_car" title="Touring car">Touring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coupe_de_Ville" class="mw-redirect" title="Coupe de Ville">Town (Coupé de Ville)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T-top" title="T-top">T-top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vis-%C3%A0-vis_(carriage)" title="Vis-à-vis (carriage)">Vis-à-vis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialized <br />vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All-terrain_vehicle" title="All-terrain vehicle">All-terrain vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibious_vehicle" title="Amphibious vehicle">Amphibious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connected_car" title="Connected car">Connected</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-driving_car" title="Self-driving car">Driverless (autonomous)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Go-kart" title="Go-kart">Go-kart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyrocar" title="Gyrocar">Gyrocar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quadracycle" title="Quadracycle">Pedal car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit" title="Personal rapid transit">Personal rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_car" title="Police car">Police car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_car" title="Flying car">Flying car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxicab" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicab">Taxicab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tow_truck" title="Tow truck">Tow truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voiturette" title="Voiturette">Voiturette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ground_propulsion" title="Ground propulsion">Propulsion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_fuel_vehicle" title="Alternative fuel vehicle">Alternative fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autogas" title="Autogas">Autogas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biodiesel" title="Biodiesel">Biodiesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biofuel" title="Biofuel">Biofuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogasoline" title="Biogasoline">Biogasoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biogas" title="Biogas">Biogas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compressed_natural_gas" title="Compressed natural gas">Compressed natural gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electric_vehicle" title="Electric vehicle">Electric</a> (<a href="/wiki/Battery_electric_vehicle" title="Battery electric vehicle">battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighborhood_Electric_Vehicle" title="Neighborhood Electric Vehicle">NEV</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_ethanol_fuel_mixtures" title="Common ethanol fuel mixtures">Ethanol</a> (<a href="/wiki/E85" title="E85">E85</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fossil_fuel" title="Fossil fuel">Fossil fuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_cell" title="Fuel cell">Fuel cell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuel_gas" title="Fuel gas">Fuel gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">Natural gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrol_engine" title="Petrol engine">Gasoline / petrol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gasoline_direct_injection" title="Gasoline direct injection">direct injection</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homogeneous_charge_compression_ignition" title="Homogeneous charge compression ignition">Homogeneous charge compression ignition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hybrid_electric_vehicle" title="Hybrid electric vehicle">Hybrid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Plug-in_hybrid" title="Plug-in hybrid">plug-in</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrogen_vehicle" title="Hydrogen vehicle">Hydrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">Internal combustion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_nitrogen_engine" title="Liquid nitrogen engine">Liquid nitrogen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquified_petroleum_gas" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquified petroleum gas">Liquified petroleum gas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_car" title="Steam car">Steam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Drive_wheel" title="Drive wheel">Drive wheels</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-wheel_drive" title="Front-wheel drive">Front-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout#Rear_wheel_drive_layouts" title="Powertrain layout">Rear-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-wheel_drive" title="Two-wheel drive">Two-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-wheel_drive" title="Four-wheel drive">Four-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six-wheel_drive" title="Six-wheel drive">Six-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eight-wheel_drive" title="Eight-wheel drive">Eight-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ten-wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Ten-wheel drive">Ten-wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve-wheel_drive" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelve-wheel drive">Twelve-wheel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout" title="Powertrain layout">Engine position</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-engine_design" title="Front-engine design">Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mid-engine_design" title="Mid-engine design">Mid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rear-engine_design" title="Rear-engine design">Rear</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Powertrain_layout" title="Powertrain layout">Layout</a> <br /><span class="nobold">(engine / drive)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Front-front</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Front-mid-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-mid-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Front mid-front</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_front-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, front-wheel-drive layout">Rear-front</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">Front-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear_mid-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">Rear mid-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_rear-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout">Rear-rear</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Front-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Front-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Front-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Mid-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Mid-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Mid-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Rear-engine,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Rear-engine, four-wheel-drive layout">Rear-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Dual-motor,_four-wheel-drive_layout" title="Dual-motor, four-wheel-drive layout">Dual motor-four-wheel</a> </li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Individual_wheel_drive" title="Individual wheel drive">Individual wheel drive</a> </li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Engine_configuration" title="Engine configuration">Engine configuration</a><br /><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">internal combustion</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flat_engine" title="Flat engine">Boxer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_engine" title="Flat engine">Flat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Four-stroke_engine" title="Four-stroke engine">Four-stroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H_engine" title="H engine">H-block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reciprocating_engine" title="Reciprocating engine">Reciprocating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Single-cylinder_engine" title="Single-cylinder engine">Single-cylinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_engine" title="Straight engine">Straight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two-stroke_engine" title="Two-stroke engine">Two-stroke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V_engine" title="V engine">V (Vee)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W_engine" title="W engine">W engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wankel_engine" title="Wankel engine">Wankel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cars" title="Portal:Cars">Portal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cars" title="Category:Cars">Category</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:EC_car_classification" title="Template:EC car classification">Template:EC car classification</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Public_transport497" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Public_transport" title="Template:Public transport"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Public_transport" title="Template talk:Public transport"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Public_transport" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Public transport"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Public_transport497" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Public_transport" title="Public transport">Public transport</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_bus_service" title="Public transport bus service">Bus service</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bus" title="Bus">Bus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bus_driver" title="Bus driver">driver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_buses" title="List of buses">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit" title="Bus rapid transit">Bus rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Express_bus_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Express bus service">Express bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guided_bus" title="Guided bus">Guided bus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_Rail_Rapid_Transit" title="Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit">Trackless Tram</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercity_bus_service" title="Intercity bus service">Intercity bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_top_bus" title="Open top bus">Open top bus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charabanc" title="Charabanc">Charabanc</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_light_bus" title="Public light bus">Public light bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_replacement_bus_service" title="Rail replacement bus service">Rail replacement bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Share_taxi" title="Share taxi">Share taxi/Taxibus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marshrutka" title="Marshrutka">Marshrutka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesero" title="Pesero">Pesero</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuttle_bus_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Shuttle bus service">Shuttle bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_bus" title="Transit bus">Transit bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trolleybus" title="Trolleybus">Trolleybus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport" title="Rail transport">Rail</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_rail_terminology" title="Passenger rail terminology">Passenger rail terminology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_rail_transport_terms" title="Glossary of rail transport terms">glossary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airport_rail_link" title="Airport rail link">Airport rail link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">Commuter rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevated_railway" title="Elevated railway">Elevated railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funicular" title="Funicular">Funicular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_railway" title="Heritage railway">Heritage railway</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heritage_streetcar" title="Heritage streetcar">Heritage streetcar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-speed_rail" title="High-speed rail">High-speed rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher-speed_rail" title="Higher-speed rail">Higher-speed rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inter-city_rail" title="Inter-city rail">Inter-city rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interurban" title="Interurban">Interurban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maglev" title="Maglev">Maglev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monorail" title="Monorail">Monorail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrow-gauge_railway" title="Narrow-gauge railway">Narrow-gauge railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People_mover" title="People mover">People mover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railbus" title="Railbus">Railbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">Metro/Rapid Transit</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medium-capacity_rail_system" title="Medium-capacity rail system">Medium-capacity rail system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubber-tyred_metro" title="Rubber-tyred metro">Rubber-tyred metro</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_rail" title="Regional rail">Regional rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_running_train" title="Street running train">Street running</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspension_railway" title="Suspension railway">Suspension railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">Tram</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cable_car_(railway)" title="Cable car (railway)">Cable car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horsecar" title="Horsecar">Horsecar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Light_rail" title="Light rail">Light rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tram-train" title="Tram-train">Tram-train</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_for_hire" title="Vehicle for hire">Vehicles<br /> for hire</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auto_rickshaw" title="Auto rickshaw">Auto rickshaw taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boda_boda" title="Boda boda">Boda boda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combination_bus" title="Combination bus">Combination bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cycle_rickshaw" title="Cycle rickshaw">Cycle rickshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demand-responsive_transport" title="Demand-responsive transport">Demand-responsive transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Microtransit" title="Microtransit">Microtransit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paratransit" title="Paratransit">Paratransit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dollar_van" class="mw-redirect" title="Dollar van">Dollar van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dolmu%C5%9F" title="Dolmuş">Dolmuş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hackney_carriage" title="Hackney carriage">Hackney carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jeepney" title="Jeepney">Jeepney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limousine" title="Limousine">Limousine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_taxi" title="Motorcycle taxi">Motorcycle taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshrutka" title="Marshrutka">Marshrutka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanny_van" title="Nanny van">Nanny van</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_rapid_transit" title="Personal rapid transit">Personal rapid transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pesero" title="Pesero">Pesero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_light_bus" title="Public light bus">Public light bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulled_rickshaw" title="Pulled rickshaw">Pulled rickshaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Share_taxi" title="Share taxi">Share taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Songthaew" title="Songthaew">Songthaew</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Taxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auto_rickshaw" title="Auto rickshaw">Tuk tuk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Carpool" title="Carpool">Carpooling</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Car_jockey" title="Car jockey">Car jockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexible_carpooling" class="mw-redirect" title="Flexible carpooling">Flexible carpooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ridesharing_company" title="Ridesharing company">Real-time ridesharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slugging" title="Slugging">Slugging</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanpool" title="Vanpool">Vanpool</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maritime_transport" title="Maritime transport">Ship</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cable_ferry" title="Cable ferry">Cable ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">Ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondola" title="Gondola">Gondola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hovercraft" title="Hovercraft">Hovercraft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydrofoil" title="Hydrofoil">Hydrofoil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocean_liner" title="Ocean liner">Ocean liner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaporetto" title="Vaporetto">Vaporetto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_taxi" title="Water taxi">Water taxi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cable_transport" title="Cable transport">Cable</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aerial_tramway" title="Aerial tramway">Aerial tramway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_ferry" title="Cable ferry">Cable ferry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cable_railway" title="Cable railway">Cable railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevator" title="Elevator">Elevator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funicular" title="Funicular">Funicular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gondola_lift" title="Gondola lift">Gondola lift</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicable_gondola_lift" class="mw-redirect" title="Bicable gondola lift">bicable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricable_gondola_lift" title="Tricable gondola lift">tricable</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inclined_elevator" title="Inclined elevator">Inclined elevator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other<br />transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airline" title="Airline">Airline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airliner" title="Airliner">Airliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carsharing" title="Carsharing">Carsharing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bicycle-sharing_system" title="Bicycle-sharing system">Bicycle-sharing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scooter-sharing_system" title="Scooter-sharing system">Scooter-sharing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elevator" title="Elevator">Elevator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Escalator" title="Escalator">Escalator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horse-drawn_vehicle" title="Horse-drawn vehicle">Horse-drawn vehicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperloop" title="Hyperloop">Hyperloop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inclined_elevator" title="Inclined elevator">Inclined elevator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moving_walkway" title="Moving walkway">Moving walkway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personal_transporter" title="Personal transporter">Personal transporter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robotaxi" title="Robotaxi">Robotaxi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shweeb" title="Shweeb">Shweeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slope_car" title="Slope car">Slope car</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trackless_train" title="Trackless train">Trackless train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vactrain" title="Vactrain">Vactrain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airport" title="Airport">Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_bulb" title="Bus bulb">Bus bulb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_garage" title="Bus garage">Bus garage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_lane" title="Bus lane">Bus lane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_stand" title="Bus stand">Bus stand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_station" title="Bus station">Bus station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_stop" title="Bus stop">Bus stop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_turnout" title="Bus turnout">Bus turnout (bus bay)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dry_dock" title="Dry dock">Dry dock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_terminal_(maritime)" class="mw-redirect" title="Passenger terminal (maritime)">Ferry terminal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangar" title="Hangar">Hangar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harbor" title="Harbor">Harbor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interchange_station" title="Interchange station">Interchange station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kassel_kerb" title="Kassel kerb">Kassel kerb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Layover" title="Layover">Layover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro_station" title="Metro station">Metro station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_and_ride" title="Park and ride">Park and ride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port" title="Port">Port</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queue_jump" title="Queue jump">Queue jump</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxi_stand" title="Taxi stand">Taxicab stand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Train_station" title="Train station">Train station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tram_stop" title="Tram stop">Tram stop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_mall" title="Transit mall">Transit mall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_hub" title="Transport hub">Transport hub</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ticket_(admission)" title="Ticket (admission)">Ticketing</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Fare" title="Fare">fares</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automated_fare_collection" title="Automated fare collection">Automated fare collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_advertising" title="Bus advertising">Bus advertising</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contract_of_carriage" title="Contract of carriage">Contract of carriage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead_mileage" title="Dead mileage">Dead mileage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exit_fare" title="Exit fare">Exit fare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fare_avoidance" title="Fare avoidance">Fare avoidance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fare_capping" title="Fare capping">Fare capping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fare_evasion" title="Fare evasion">Fare evasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_public_transport" title="Free public transport">Free public transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_travel_pass" title="Free travel pass">Free travel pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_ticketing" title="Integrated ticketing">Integrated ticketing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manual_fare_collection" title="Manual fare collection">Manual fare collection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Money_train" title="Money train">Money train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paid_area" title="Paid area">Paid area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penalty_fare" title="Penalty fare">Penalty fare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Proof-of-payment" title="Proof-of-payment">Proof-of-payment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reduced_fare_program" title="Reduced fare program">Reduced fare program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transfer_(public_transit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transfer (public transit)">Transfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_pass" title="Transit pass">Transit pass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Routing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circle_route" title="Circle route">Circle route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-city_route" title="Cross-city route">Cross-city route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Network_length_(transport)" title="Network length (transport)">Network length</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-revenue_track" title="Non-revenue track">Non-revenue track</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radial_route" title="Radial route">Radial route</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_network_analysis" title="Transport network analysis">Transport network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Checked_baggage" title="Checked baggage">Checked baggage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_class_commuter_transport_services" class="mw-redirect" title="List of first class commuter transport services">First class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sleeping_car" title="Sleeping car">Sleeper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_passenger" title="Standing passenger">Standing passenger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Travel_class" title="Travel class">Travel class</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Scheduling</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bus_bunching" title="Bus bunching">Bus bunching</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clock-face_scheduling" title="Clock-face scheduling">Clock-face scheduling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Headway" title="Headway">Headway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Night_service_(public_transport)" title="Night service (public transport)">Night (owl) service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On-time_performance" title="On-time performance">On-time performance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_timetable" title="Public transport timetable">Public transport timetable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_turn" title="Short turn">Short turn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Airport_security" title="Airport security">Airport security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complete_streets" title="Complete streets">Complete streets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_transport_hierarchy" title="Green transport hierarchy">Green transport hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farebox_recovery_ratio" title="Farebox recovery ratio">Farebox recovery ratio</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_subsidies" title="Rail subsidies">Rail subsidies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_security" title="Public transport security">Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Street_hierarchy" title="Street hierarchy">Street hierarchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_district" title="Transit district">Transit district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_police" title="Transit police">Transit police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_authority" title="Transportation authority">Transportation authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_demand_management" title="Transportation demand management">Transportation demand management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_planning" title="Transportation planning">Transportation planning</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Transit-oriented_development" title="Transit-oriented development">Transit-oriented development (TOD)</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology<br /> and signage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Destination_sign" title="Destination sign">Destination sign</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_information_system" title="Passenger information system">Passenger information system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platform_display" title="Platform display">Platform display</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platform_screen_doors" title="Platform screen doors">Platform screen doors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_transport_smart_cards" title="List of public transport smart cards">Smart cards</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CIPURSE" title="CIPURSE">CIPURSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calypso_(electronic_ticketing_system)" title="Calypso (electronic ticketing system)">Calypso</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ticket_machine" title="Ticket machine">Ticket machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_transport_timetable" title="Public transport timetable">Timetable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transit_map" title="Transit map">Transit map</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boarding_(transport)" title="Boarding (transport)">Boarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit_creep" title="Bus rapid transit creep">Bus rapid transit creep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crush_load" title="Crush load">Crush load</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwell_time_(transportation)" title="Dwell time (transportation)">Dwell time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hail_and_ride" title="Hail and ride">Hail and ride</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Land_transport" title="Land transport">Land transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_transport" title="Outline of transport">Outline of transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_load_factor" title="Passenger load factor">Passenger load factor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_good_(economics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public good (economics)">Public good</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Request_stop" title="Request stop">Request stop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Service_(economics)" title="Service (economics)">Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_transport" title="Sustainable transport">Sustainable transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timing_point" title="Timing point">Timing point</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_economics" title="Transport economics">Transport economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micromobility" title="Micromobility">Micromobility</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a 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id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82650#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1531" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82650#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1144037/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Taxi"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4059185-2">Germany</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="taxicabs"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85132886">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="taxis"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11976726c">France</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="taxis"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11976726c">BnF data</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00572628">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007563357905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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