CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"dc6482b3-3eda-46c8-9b7e-2cd5921a3c36","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Le_Déjeuner_sur_l'herbe","wgTitle":"Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe","wgCurRevisionId":1255777211,"wgRevisionId":1255777211,"wgArticleId":982228,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","Use dmy dates from April 2022","Articles containing French-language text","Pages with French IPA","All articles with unsourced statements","Articles with unsourced statements from October 2023","All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases","Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from June 2022","Commons category link from Wikidata", "Articles containing German-language text","Articles containing Dutch-language text","1863 paintings","Paintings in the Courtauld Gallery","Paintings in the Musée d'Orsay","Nude art","Paintings by Édouard Manet","Obscenity controversies in painting","Food and drink paintings","Bathing in art","Prostitution in paintings","Works about picnics"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Le_Déjeuner_sur_l'herbe","wgRelevantArticleId":982228,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true, "tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q152509","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready", "skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession", "wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Edouard_Manet_-_Luncheon_on_the_Grass_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/1200px-Edouard_Manet_-_Luncheon_on_the_Grass_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="932"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Edouard_Manet_-_Luncheon_on_the_Grass_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/800px-Edouard_Manet_-_Luncheon_on_the_Grass_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="622"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Edouard_Manet_-_Luncheon_on_the_Grass_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/640px-Edouard_Manet_-_Luncheon_on_the_Grass_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="497"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Le_Déjeuner_sur_l_herbe rootpage-Le_Déjeuner_sur_l_herbe skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Main menu </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z">Main page</a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia">Contents</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events">Current events</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x">Random article</a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works">About Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia">Contact us</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia">Help</a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia">Learn to edit</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors">Community portal</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r">Recent changes</a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia">Upload file</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Search </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Appearance </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class="">Donate</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Le+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class="">Create account</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Le+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Log in</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Personal tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en">Donate</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Le+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"> Create account</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Le+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"> Log in</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing">learn more</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y">Contributions</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Description_and_context" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Description_and_context"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Description and context </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Description_and_context-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Figures_in_the_painting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Figures_in_the_painting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Figures in the painting </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Figures_in_the_painting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interactions_of_the_figures" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interactions_of_the_figures"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Interactions of the figures </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Interactions_of_the_figures-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inspirations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inspirations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Inspirations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inspirations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Criticism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Criticism </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Criticism subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Criticism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Criticism_of_the_subject_matter" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Criticism_of_the_subject_matter"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Criticism of the subject matter </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Criticism_of_the_subject_matter-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commentary_of_Émile_Zola" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commentary_of_Émile_Zola"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Commentary of Émile Zola </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commentary_of_Émile_Zola-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Inspired_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inspired_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Inspired works </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inspired_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 41 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-41" aria-hidden="true" > 41 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%84_(%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AD%D8%A9)" title="طعام الغداء في الحقل (لوحة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="طعام الغداء في الحقل (لوحة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87%C9%99m%C9%99nlikd%C9%99_s%C9%99h%C9%99r_yem%C9%99yi" title="Çəmənlikdə səhər yeməyi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Çəmənlikdə səhər yeməyi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_dinar_campestre" title="El dinar campestre – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="El dinar campestre" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sn%C3%ADdan%C4%9B_v_tr%C3%A1v%C4%9B" title="Snídaně v trávě – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Snídaně v trávě" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frokost_i_det_gr%C3%B8nne" title="Frokost i det grønne – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Frokost i det grønne" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Das_Fr%C3%BChst%C3%BCck_im_Gr%C3%BCnen_(Manet)" title="Das Frühstück im Grünen (Manet) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Das Frühstück im Grünen (Manet)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eine_murul" title="Eine murul – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Eine murul" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_almuerzo_sobre_la_hierba_(Manet)" title="El almuerzo sobre la hierba (Manet) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="El almuerzo sobre la hierba (Manet)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_tagman%C4%9Do_sur_la_herbo" title="La tagmanĝo sur la herbo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="La tagmanĝo sur la herbo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bazkaria_belar_gainean" title="Bazkaria belar gainean – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Bazkaria belar gainean" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AF%D8%B1_%DA%86%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="ناهار در چمنزار – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ناهار در چمنزار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe" title="Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/O_almorzo_sobre_a_herba" title="O almorzo sobre a herba – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="O almorzo sobre a herba" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%92%80%EB%B0%AD_%EC%9C%84%EC%9D%98_%EC%A0%90%EC%8B%AC_%EC%8B%9D%EC%82%AC" title="풀밭 위의 점심 식사 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="풀밭 위의 점심 식사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%B3%D5%A1%D5%B7_%D5%AD%D5%B8%D5%BF%D5%AB_%D5%BE%D6%80%D5%A1_(%D5%B6%D5%AF%D5%A1%D6%80,_%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5)" title="Նախաճաշ խոտի վրա (նկար, Մանե) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նախաճաշ խոտի վրա (նկար, Մանե)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doru%C4%8Dak_na_travi" title="Doručak na travi – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Doručak na travi" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe" title="Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colazione_sull%27erba_(Manet)" title="Colazione sull'erba (Manet) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Colazione sull'erba (Manet)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%97%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%A8_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%93%D7%A9%D7%90" title="ארוחת בוקר על הדשא – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ארוחת בוקר על הדשא" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prandium_in_herba_(Manet)" title="Prandium in herba (Manet) – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Prandium in herba (Manet)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_d%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe" title="Le déjeuner sur l'herbe – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Le déjeuner sur l'herbe" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pusry%C4%8Diai_ant_%C5%BEol%C4%97s" title="Pusryčiai ant žolės – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pusryčiai ant žolės" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reggeli_a_szabadban" title="Reggeli a szabadban – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Reggeli a szabadban" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5)" title="Појадок на трева (Мане) – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Појадок на трева (Мане)" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D9%81%D9%89_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%82%D9%84" title="طعام الغداء فى الحقل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="طعام الغداء فى الحقل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_d%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe" title="Le déjeuner sur l'herbe – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Le déjeuner sur l'herbe" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8D%89%E4%B8%8A%E3%81%AE%E6%98%BC%E9%A3%9F" title="草上の昼食 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="草上の昼食" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Aniadanie_na_trawie" title="Śniadanie na trawie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Śniadanie na trawie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe" title="Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vr%C3%B6st%C3%B6ck_em_Jr%C3%B6ne" title="Vröstöck em Jröne – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Vröstöck em Jröne" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ripoarisch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A2nzul_la_iarb%C4%83_verde_(pictur%C4%83_de_Manet)" title="Prânzul la iarbă verde (pictură de Manet) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Prânzul la iarbă verde (pictură de Manet)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5_(%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5)" title="Завтрак на траве (картина Мане) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Завтрак на траве (картина Мане)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_culazzioni_supra_all%27erba" title="La culazzioni supra all'erba – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="La culazzioni supra all'erba" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zajtrk_na_travi_(Manet)" title="Zajtrk na travi (Manet) – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Zajtrk na travi (Manet)" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%83%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B8" title="Доручак на трави – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Доручак на трави" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doru%C4%8Dak_na_travi" title="Doručak na travi – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Doručak na travi" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aamiainen_ruohikolla" title="Aamiainen ruohikolla – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aamiainen ruohikolla" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frukost_i_det_gr%C3%B6na" title="Frukost i det gröna – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Frukost i det gröna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C4%B1rda_%C3%96%C4%9Fle_Yeme%C4%9Fi" title="Kırda Öğle Yemeği – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kırda Öğle Yemeği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96_(%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5)" title="Сніданок на траві (Мане) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сніданок на траві (Мане)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8D%89%E5%9C%B0%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E5%8D%88%E9%A4%90" title="草地上的午餐 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="草地上的午餐" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q152509#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c">Article</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t">Talk</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >English </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe">Read</a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" >Tools </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe">Read</a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e">Edit</a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=history">View history</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j">What links here</a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k">Related changes</a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u">Upload file</a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q">Special pages</a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&oldid=1255777211" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page">Permanent link</a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=info" title="More information about this page">Page information</a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&id=1255777211&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page">Cite this page</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLe_D%25C3%25A9jeuner_sur_l%2527herbe">Get shortened URL</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FLe_D%25C3%25A9jeuner_sur_l%2527herbe">Download QR code</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file">Download as PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p">Printable version</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe_by_Manet" hreflang="en">Wikimedia Commons</a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q152509" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g">Wikidata item</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Painting by Édouard Manet</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (disambiguation)">Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent" style="width: 22em; line-height: 1.4em; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above summary" style="font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic">Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">English: The Luncheon on the Grass</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Edouard_Manet_-_Luncheon_on_the_Grass_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Edouard_Manet_-_Luncheon_on_the_Grass_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/400px-Edouard_Manet_-_Luncheon_on_the_Grass_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="311" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Edouard_Manet_-_Luncheon_on_the_Grass_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/600px-Edouard_Manet_-_Luncheon_on_the_Grass_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Edouard_Manet_-_Luncheon_on_the_Grass_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/800px-Edouard_Manet_-_Luncheon_on_the_Grass_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5649" data-file-height="4389" /></a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Artist</th><td class="infobox-data attendee"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manet" title="Édouard Manet">Édouard Manet</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Year</th><td class="infobox-data">1863</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Medium</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Oil_painting" title="Oil painting">Oil on canvas</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Dimensions</th><td class="infobox-data">208 cm × 264.5 cm (81.9 in × 104.1 in)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">Musée d'Orsay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style>French: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[lə deʒœne syʁ lɛʁb, -ʒøn-]</a>; The Luncheon on the Grass) – originally titled Le Bain (The Bath) – is a large <a href="/wiki/Oil_on_canvas" class="mw-redirect" title="Oil on canvas">oil on canvas</a> painting by <a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manet" title="Édouard Manet">Édouard Manet</a> created in 1862 and 1863. It depicts a female <a href="/wiki/Nude" class="mw-redirect" title="Nude">nude</a> and a scantily dressed female bather on a picnic with two fully dressed men in a rural setting. Rejected by the <a href="/wiki/Salon_(Paris)" title="Salon (Paris)">Salon</a> jury of 1863, Manet seized the opportunity to exhibit this and two other paintings in the 1863 <a href="/wiki/Salon_des_Refus%C3%A9s" title="Salon des Refusés">Salon des Refusés</a>,<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> where the painting sparked public notoriety and controversy.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> The work increased Manet's fame; in spite of this it nonetheless failed to sell at its debut.<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing2006-3">[3]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C3%89douard_Manet_-_Study_for_Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/%C3%89douard_Manet_-_Study_for_Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe.jpg/250px-%C3%89douard_Manet_-_Study_for_Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="190" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/%C3%89douard_Manet_-_Study_for_Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe.jpg/375px-%C3%89douard_Manet_-_Study_for_Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/%C3%89douard_Manet_-_Study_for_Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe.jpg/500px-%C3%89douard_Manet_-_Study_for_Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6871" data-file-height="5210" /></a><figcaption>Édouard Manet – Déjeuner sur l'herbe (earlier version at the Courtauld)</figcaption></figure> The work is now in the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">Musée d'Orsay</a> in Paris.<a href="#cite_note-Orsay-4">[4]</a> A smaller, earlier version can be seen at the <a href="/wiki/Courtauld_Gallery" title="Courtauld Gallery">Courtauld Gallery</a>, London.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description_and_context">Description and context</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description and context">edit</a>]</div> The painting features a nude woman casually lunching with two fully dressed men. Her body is starkly lit and she stares directly at the viewer. The two men, dressed as young <a href="/wiki/Dandy" title="Dandy">dandies</a>, sit with her. In front of them, the woman's clothes, a basket of fruit, and a round loaf of bread are displayed, as in a <a href="/wiki/Still_life" title="Still life">still life</a>. In the background, yet too large in comparison with the figures in the foreground, a lightly clad woman bathes in a stream. The man on the right wears a flat hat with a tassel, a kind normally worn indoors. Despite the mundane subject, Manet deliberately chose a large canvas size, measuring 81.9 × 104.1 in (208 by 264.5 cm), normally reserved for historical, religious and mythological subjects.<a href="#cite_note-Hayes-6">[6]</a> The style of the painting breaks with the academic traditions of the time. He did not try to hide the brush strokes; the painting even looks unfinished in some parts of the scene. The nude is also starkly different from the smooth, flawless figures of <a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Cabanel" title="Alexandre Cabanel">Cabanel</a> or <a href="/wiki/Jean_Auguste_Dominique_Ingres" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Auguste Dominique Ingres">Ingres</a>. A nude woman casually lunching with fully dressed men was an affront to audiences' sense of propriety, though <a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Zola" title="Émile Zola">Émile Zola</a>, a contemporary of Manet's, argued that this was not uncommon in paintings found in the <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre</a>. Zola also felt that such a reaction came from viewing art differently from the perspective of "analytic" painters like Manet, who use a painting's subject as a pretext to paint.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] There is much not known about the painting, such as when Manet actually began painting it, how he got the idea and how and what sort of preparatory works he did.<a href="#cite_note-Hayes-6">[6]</a> Though Manet had claimed this piece was once valued at 25,000 Francs in 1871, it remained in his possession until 1878 when <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Faure" title="Jean-Baptiste Faure">Jean-Baptiste Faure</a>, opera-singer and collector, bought it for just 2,600 Francs.<a href="#cite_note-Hayes-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Figures_in_the_painting">Figures in the painting</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Figures in the painting">edit</a>]</div> The figures of this painting are a testament to how deeply connected Manet was to Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe. Some[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">who?</a>] assume that the landscape of the painting is meant to be <a href="/wiki/L%27%C3%8Ele-Saint-Denis" title="L'Île-Saint-Denis">l'Île Saint-Ouen</a>, which was just up the <a href="/wiki/Seine" title="Seine">Seine</a> from his family property in <a href="/wiki/Gennevilliers" title="Gennevilliers">Gennevilliers</a>. Manet often used real models and people he knew as reference during his creation process.<a href="#cite_note-Armstrong-7">[7]</a> The female nude is thought to be <a href="/wiki/Victorine_Meurent" title="Victorine Meurent">Victorine Meurent</a>, the woman who became his favorite and frequently portrayed model, who later was the subject of <a href="/wiki/Olympia_(Manet)" title="Olympia (Manet)">Olympia</a>. The male figure on the right was based on a combination of his two brothers, Eugène and Gustave Manet. The other man is based on his brother-in-law, Dutch sculptor <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Leenhoff" title="Ferdinand Leenhoff">Ferdinand Leenhoff</a>. Nancy Locke referred to this scene as Manet's family portrait.<a href="#cite_note-Hayes-6">[6]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interactions_of_the_figures">Interactions of the figures</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Interactions of the figures">edit</a>]</div> What many critics find shocking about this painting is the interaction, or lack thereof, between the three main subjects in the foreground and the woman bathing in the background. There are many contrasting qualities to the painting that juxtapose and distance the female nude from the other two male subjects. For example, the feminine versus the masculine, the naked versus the clothed, and the white color palette versus the dark color palette creates a clear <a href="/wiki/Social_distance" title="Social distance">social difference</a> between the men and the woman.<a href="#cite_note-Armstrong-7">[7]</a> Additionally, some viewers are intrigued by the questions raised by the gaze of the nude woman. It is indeterminable whether she is challenging or accepting the viewer, looking past the viewer, engaging the viewer, or even looking at the viewer at all. This encounter identifies the gaze as a figure of the painting itself, as well as the figure object of the woman's gaze.<a href="#cite_note-Armstrong-7">[7]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Inspirations">Inspirations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Inspirations">edit</a>]</div> As with the later <a href="/wiki/Olympia_(Manet)" title="Olympia (Manet)">Olympia</a> (1863) and other works, Manet's composition reveals his study of the old masters, as the disposition of the main figures is derived from <a href="/wiki/Marcantonio_Raimondi" title="Marcantonio Raimondi">Marcantonio Raimondi</a>'s engraving The Judgment of Paris (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1515) after a drawing by <a href="/wiki/Raphael" title="Raphael">Raphael</a>.<a href="#cite_note-King-8">[8]</a> Raphael was an artist revered by the conservative members of the <a href="/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_des_Beaux-Arts" title="Académie des Beaux-Arts">Académie des Beaux-Arts</a> and his paintings were part of the teaching programme at the <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_des_Beaux-Arts" title="École des Beaux-Arts">École des Beaux-Arts</a>, where copies of fifty-two images from his most celebrated frescoes were permanently on display. Le Bain (an early title for Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe) was therefore, in many ways, a defiant painting. Manet was cheekily reworking Raphael, turning a mythological scene from one of the most celebrated engravings of the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> into a tableau of somewhat vulgar Parisian holidaymakers.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="max-width: 892px;"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Urteil_des_Paris.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Judgement of Paris Engraving (c. 1515) by Marcantonio Raimondi to a design by Raphael"><img alt="Judgement of Paris Engraving (c. 1515) by Marcantonio Raimondi to a design by Raphael" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Urteil_des_Paris.jpg/180px-Urteil_des_Paris.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Urteil_des_Paris.jpg/270px-Urteil_des_Paris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Urteil_des_Paris.jpg/360px-Urteil_des_Paris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1790" data-file-height="1200" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext">Judgement of Paris <a href="/wiki/Engraving" title="Engraving">Engraving</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1515) by <a href="/wiki/Marcantonio_Raimondi" title="Marcantonio Raimondi">Marcantonio Raimondi</a> to a design by <a href="/wiki/Raphael" title="Raphael">Raphael</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiesta_campestre.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Pastoral Concert (c. 1510) by Giorgione or Titian, Louvre, Paris, cited as an inspiration for Manet's painting"><img alt="The Pastoral Concert (c. 1510) by Giorgione or Titian, Louvre, Paris, cited as an inspiration for Manet's painting" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Fiesta_campestre.jpg/180px-Fiesta_campestre.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Fiesta_campestre.jpg/270px-Fiesta_campestre.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Fiesta_campestre.jpg/360px-Fiesta_campestre.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2814" data-file-height="2266" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/The_Pastoral_Concert" class="mw-redirect" title="The Pastoral Concert">The Pastoral Concert</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1510) by <a href="/wiki/Giorgione" title="Giorgione">Giorgione</a> or <a href="/wiki/Titian" title="Titian">Titian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre</a>, Paris, cited as an inspiration for Manet's painting</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Giorgione,_The_tempest.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Giorgione, The Tempest (c. 1508), Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice, Italy"><img alt="Giorgione, The Tempest (c. 1508), Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice, Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Giorgione%2C_The_tempest.jpg/158px-Giorgione%2C_The_tempest.jpg" decoding="async" width="158" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Giorgione%2C_The_tempest.jpg/237px-Giorgione%2C_The_tempest.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Giorgione%2C_The_tempest.jpg/315px-Giorgione%2C_The_tempest.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="913" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Giorgione" title="Giorgione">Giorgione</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(painting)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Tempest (painting)">The Tempest</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1508), Gallerie dell'Accademia, Venice, Italy</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><a href="/wiki/File:Antoine_Watteau_-_La_Partie_carr%C3%A9e.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Antoine Watteau, La Partie Carrée, (c. 1713)"><img alt="Antoine Watteau, La Partie Carrée, (c. 1713)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Antoine_Watteau_-_La_Partie_carr%C3%A9e.jpg/180px-Antoine_Watteau_-_La_Partie_carr%C3%A9e.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Antoine_Watteau_-_La_Partie_carr%C3%A9e.jpg/270px-Antoine_Watteau_-_La_Partie_carr%C3%A9e.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Antoine_Watteau_-_La_Partie_carr%C3%A9e.jpg/360px-Antoine_Watteau_-_La_Partie_carr%C3%A9e.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4671" data-file-height="3536" /></a></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Watteau" title="Antoine Watteau">Antoine Watteau</a>, La Partie Carrée, (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1713)</div> </li> </ul> Scholars also cite two works as important precedents for Manet's painting Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe: The Pastoral Concert by <a href="/wiki/Giorgione" title="Giorgione">Giorgione</a> or possibly <a href="/wiki/Titian" title="Titian">Titian</a> (in the <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre</a>) and Giorgione's <a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(painting)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Tempest (painting)">The Tempest</a>, both of which are famous <a href="/wiki/Renaissance" title="Renaissance">Renaissance</a> paintings.<a href="#cite_note-Hayes-6">[6]</a> The Tempest, which also features a fully dressed man and a nude woman in a rural setting, offers an important precedent for Manet's painting Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe.<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Pastoral Concert even more closely resembles Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe, as it features two dressed men seated in a rural setting, with two undressed women. Pastoral Concert is in the collection of the <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre</a> in <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> and is likely, therefore, to have been studied by Manet. According to <a href="/wiki/Antonin_Proust" title="Antonin Proust">Antonin Proust</a>, he and Manet had been lounging by the Seine as they spotted a woman bathing in the river. This prompted Manet to say, "I copied Giorgione's women, the women with musicians. It's black that painting. The ground has come through. I want to redo it and do it with a transparent atmosphere with people like those we see over there."<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a> There may be a connection between Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe and the work of <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Watteau" title="Antoine Watteau">Antoine Watteau</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Fried-12">[12]</a> Manet's original title, Le Bain, initially drew the main attention to the woman near the water. This bathing figure alone is quite similar to the figure in Watteau's La Villageoise, as both women crouch or lean over near water, simultaneously holding up their skirts. It is possible that Manet adapted this pose, which is more clearly seen in a sketch of his, years before his creation of Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe.<a href="#cite_note-Fried-12">[12]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Criticism">Criticism</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Criticism">edit</a>]</div> There were many mixed reviews and responses to Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe when it was first displayed<a href="#cite_note-13">[13]</a> and it continues to yield a variety of responses. The initial response was characterized by its blunt rejection from the Paris Salon and subsequent display in the <a href="/wiki/Salon_des_Refus%C3%A9s" title="Salon des Refusés">Salon des Refusés</a>. Though many critiques were rooted in confusion about the piece, they were not always completely negative.<a href="#cite_note-McCauley-14">[14]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odilon_Redon" title="Odilon Redon">Odilon Redon</a>, for example, did not like it. There is a discussion of it, from this point of view, in <a href="/wiki/Proust" class="mw-redirect" title="Proust">Proust</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Remembrance_of_Things_Past" class="mw-redirect" title="Remembrance of Things Past">Remembrance of Things Past</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Capitaine_Pompilius" class="mw-redirect" title="Le Capitaine Pompilius">Le Capitaine Pompilius</a>, a contributor for <a href="/wiki/Le_Petit_Journal_(newspaper)" title="Le Petit Journal (newspaper)">Le Petit Journal</a>, thought the characteristically "male" colors of the piece brought the countryside into the salon, but thought the painting was underdeveloped.<a href="#cite_note-McCauley-14">[14]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules-Antoine_Castagnary" title="Jules-Antoine Castagnary">Castagnary</a>, appreciator of realist works, identified it as a nice sketch but said it lacked sincerity and lost the definition of the anatomy of the subjects. He also described Manet's painting technique as "flabby".<a href="#cite_note-McCauley-14">[14]</a></li> <li>Arthur Stevens, contributor for <a href="/wiki/Le_Figaro" title="Le Figaro">Le Figaro</a>, praised Manet as a talented colorist but felt that he neglected form and modeling in this piece.<a href="#cite_note-McCauley-14">[14]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9ophile_Thor%C3%A9-B%C3%BCrger" title="Théophile Thoré-Bürger">Thoré</a>, Paul, and Louvet loved the energy of the colors but found the brush strokes to be uneven.<a href="#cite_note-McCauley-14">[14]</a></li></ul> One interpretation of the work is that it depicts the rampant <a href="/wiki/Prostitution_in_France" title="Prostitution in France">prostitution</a> present at that time in the <a href="/wiki/Bois_de_Boulogne" title="Bois de Boulogne">Bois de Boulogne</a>, a large park on the western outskirts of Paris. This prostitution was common knowledge in Paris, but was considered a taboo subject unsuitable for a painting.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Criticism_of_the_subject_matter">Criticism of the subject matter</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Criticism of the subject matter">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Louis Étienne characterized the painting as a puzzle, while describing the nude female as "a Bréda of some sort, as nude as possible, lolling boldly between two swells dressed to the teeth. These two persons look like high school students on holiday, committing a great sin to prove their manhood."<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-McCauley-14">[14]</a></li> <li>Arthur Stevens could not understand what the painting was saying.<a href="#cite_note-McCauley-14">[14]</a></li> <li>Didier de Montchaux found the subject to be "fairly scabrous".<a href="#cite_note-McCauley-14">[14]</a></li> <li>Thoré described the nude as an ugly and risqué subject matter, while describing the male on the right as one "who doesn't even think of taking off his horrible padded hat outdoors ... It's the contrast between such an antipathetic animal to the character of a pastoral scene, and this undraped bather, that is shocking."<a href="#cite_note-McCauley-14">[14]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Gilbert_Hamerton" title="Philip Gilbert Hamerton">Philip Hamerton</a>, an English painter and contributor at the Fine Arts Quarterly, had an affinity for the characteristic photographic detail of the <a href="/wiki/Pre-Raphaelite" class="mw-redirect" title="Pre-Raphaelite">Pre-Raphaelite</a> paintings. Though he did recognize the inspiration from Giorgione, he found Manet's modern realism to be offensive in this situation. His disapproval of Manet and similar artists was related to the idea of indecency behind "vulgar men" painting nude women.<a href="#cite_note-McCauley-14">[14]</a></li></ul> Though the peculiarity of the combination of one female nude with three clothed figures sparked mixed responses, the lack of interaction of the figures in addition to the lack of engagement by the nude woman provoked laughter instead of offense. Anne McCauley claimed that laughter as a response represses the sexual tension and makes the scene rather unthreatening to the viewer in the end.<a href="#cite_note-McCauley-14">[14]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Commentary_of_Émile_Zola">Commentary of Émile Zola</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Commentary of Émile Zola">edit</a>]</div> <blockquote>The Luncheon on the Grass is the greatest work of Édouard Manet, one in which he realizes the dream of all painters: to place figures of natural grandeur in a landscape. We know the power with which he vanquished this difficulty. There are some leaves, some tree trunks, and, in the background, a river in which a chemise-wearing woman bathes; in the foreground, two young men are seated across from a second woman who has just exited the water and who dries her naked skin in the open air. This nude woman has scandalized the public, who see only her in the canvas. My God! What indecency: a woman without the slightest covering between two clothed men! That has never been seen. And this belief is a gross error, for in the <a href="/wiki/Louvre" title="Louvre">Louvre</a> there are more than fifty paintings in which are found mixes of persons clothed and nude. But no one goes to the Louvre to be scandalized. The crowd has kept itself moreover from judging The Luncheon on the Grass like a veritable work of art should be judged; they see in it only some people who are having a picnic, finishing bathing, and they believed that the artist had placed an obscene intent in the disposition of the subject, while the artist had simply sought to obtain vibrant oppositions and a straightforward audience. Painters, especially Édouard Manet, who is an analytic painter, do not have this preoccupation with the subject which torments the crowd above all; the subject, for them, is merely a pretext to paint, while for the crowd, the subject alone exists. Thus, assuredly, the nude woman of The Luncheon on the Grass is only there to furnish the artist the occasion to paint a bit of flesh. That which must be seen in the painting is not a luncheon on the grass; it is the entire landscape, with its vigors and its finesses, with its foregrounds so large, so solid, and its backgrounds of a light delicateness; it is this firm modeled flesh under great spots of light, these tissues supple and strong, and particularly this delicious silhouette of a woman wearing a chemise who makes, in the background, an adorable dapple of white in the milieu of green leaves. It is, in short, this vast ensemble, full of atmosphere, this corner of nature rendered with a simplicity so just, all of this admirable page in which an artist has placed all the particular and rare elements which are in him.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a></blockquote> Zola presents a fictionalised version of the painting and the controversy surrounding it in his 1886 novel <a href="/wiki/L%27%C5%92uvre" title="L'Œuvre">L'Œuvre</a> (The Masterpiece).<a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrombert1996130–131-19">[19]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Inspired_works">Inspired works</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Inspired works">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Tissot_-_La_Partie_carr%C3%A9e.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/James_Tissot_-_La_Partie_carr%C3%A9e.jpg/220px-James_Tissot_-_La_Partie_carr%C3%A9e.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/James_Tissot_-_La_Partie_carr%C3%A9e.jpg/330px-James_Tissot_-_La_Partie_carr%C3%A9e.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/James_Tissot_-_La_Partie_carr%C3%A9e.jpg/440px-James_Tissot_-_La_Partie_carr%C3%A9e.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1253" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/James_Tissot" title="James Tissot">James Tissot</a>, La Partie Carrée, 1870</figcaption></figure> <ul><li>In <a href="/wiki/L%27%C5%92uvre" title="L'Œuvre">L'Oeuvre</a>, Émile Zola's 1886 novel about a painter, a work by his main character, Claude Lantier, exhibited in a fictional salon des refusés, resembles Manet's painting.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monet_dejeunersurlherbe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Monet_dejeunersurlherbe.jpg/170px-Monet_dejeunersurlherbe.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Monet_dejeunersurlherbe.jpg/255px-Monet_dejeunersurlherbe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Monet_dejeunersurlherbe.jpg/340px-Monet_dejeunersurlherbe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="894" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Claude_Monet" title="Claude Monet">Claude Monet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe_(Monet,_Paris)" title="Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (Monet, Paris)">Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe</a>, 1865–1866, <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">Musée d'Orsay</a>, Paris</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Monet" title="Claude Monet">Claude Monet</a>'s own version of <a href="/wiki/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe_(Monet,_Paris)" title="Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (Monet, Paris)">Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe</a> from 1865–1866, was inspired by Manet's painting.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> After Monet finished his painting, Manet was conscious of that artwork and renamed his own artwork "Le Bain" to "Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe" in 1867.</li> <li>French painter <a href="/wiki/James_Tissot" title="James Tissot">James Tissot</a>, painted La Partie Carrée, in 1870; arguably a tamer version without the nudity of Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe.</li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_C%C3%A9zanne_-_Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe_(Orangerie).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Paul_C%C3%A9zanne_-_Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe_%28Orangerie%29.jpg/220px-Paul_C%C3%A9zanne_-_Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe_%28Orangerie%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Paul_C%C3%A9zanne_-_Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe_%28Orangerie%29.jpg/330px-Paul_C%C3%A9zanne_-_Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe_%28Orangerie%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Paul_C%C3%A9zanne_-_Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe_%28Orangerie%29.jpg/440px-Paul_C%C3%A9zanne_-_Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe_%28Orangerie%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1572" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Paul_C%C3%A9zanne" title="Paul Cézanne">Paul Cézanne</a>, Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe, 1876–1877, <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Orangerie" title="Musée de l'Orangerie">Musée de l'Orangerie</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_C%C3%A9zanne" title="Paul Cézanne">Paul Cézanne</a> painted the same theme in his Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (1876–1877), <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27Orangerie" title="Musée de l'Orangerie">Musée de l'Orangerie</a>, Paris. It is not certain, however, that Cézanne was responsible for the title of the work, but it does incorporate many of the same elements of subject in the piece. For example, Cézanne's clothed female subject poses similarly to the model of Manet in which her chin rests in her hand. The male figure, meant to resemble the painter himself, mimics the hand gesture of the man furthest right in Manet's piece.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> The composition of Cézanne's painting also bears resemblance to <a href="/wiki/File:Nicolas_Poussin_-_Bacchanal_-_the_Andrians_-_WGA18269.jpg" title="File:Nicolas Poussin - Bacchanal - the Andrians - WGA18269.jpg">Bacchanal</a> (between 1627 and 1628), by <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Poussin" title="Nicolas Poussin">Nicolas Poussin</a>, whose works in the Louvre were periodically copied by Cézanne. It is possible that Cézanne's Déjeuner represents nothing more than the joyful memories of outings in the countryside around Aix-en-Provence, known especially from the testimony of a childhood friend of the painter, Émile Zola.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a></li></ul> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg/220px-Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg/330px-Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg/440px-Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="4661" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Pablo Picasso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon" title="Les Demoiselles d'Avignon">Les Demoiselles d'Avignon</a>, 1907, <a href="/wiki/MoMA" class="mw-redirect" title="MoMA">MoMA</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li>Manet's painting inspired <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Picasso</a> as he completed the largest concentration of art prompted by a single work during the 20th century, consisting of 27 paintings, 140 drawings, 3 linogravures and cardboard marquettes for sculpture carried out between 1949 and 1962.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a> In addition, "Picasso exploited the foreground nude again for the masked female on the right in his groundbreaking <a href="/wiki/Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon" title="Les Demoiselles d'Avignon">Les Demoiselles d'Avignon</a> of 1907".<a href="#cite_note-Hayes-6">[6]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gauguin" title="Paul Gauguin">Paul Gauguin</a> 1897 painting <a href="/wiki/Where_Do_We_Come_From%3F_What_Are_We%3F_Where_Are_We_Going%3F" title="Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?">Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?</a> "includes various references to Manet's picture, the most apparent being the Tahitian girl seated on the right who is based on the Déjeuner's foreground nude".<a href="#cite_note-Hayes-6">[6]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Ernst" title="Max Ernst">Max Ernst</a> painted a parody version of this piece named Le Déjeuner sur l'Herbre in 1944. He inverts the painting, replaces the nude woman with a fish, and adds an 'r' to the title for comedic effect.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a></li> <li>The painting inspired the 1959 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0052765/">film</a> of the same name by <a href="/wiki/Jean_Renoir" title="Jean Renoir">Jean Renoir</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Jacquet" title="Alain Jacquet">Alain Jacquet</a> copied in 1964 the composition of Manet in his Déjeuner sur l'herbe<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://collection.centrepompidou.fr/#/artworks?layout=mosaic&page=0&filters=authors:JACQUET+Alain%E2%86%B9JACQUET+Alain">:</a>, a serie of 95 serigraphies portraying the art critic <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Restany" title="Pierre Restany">Pierre Restany</a> and the painter <a href="/wiki/Mario_Schifano" title="Mario Schifano">Mario Schifano</a>, one of which was left in the lobby of the <a href="/wiki/Hotel_Chelsea" title="Hotel Chelsea">hotel Chelsea</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> for payment of his room.</li> <li>Peruvian painter <a href="/wiki/Herman_Braun-Vega" title="Herman Braun-Vega">Herman Braun-Vega</a> produced many works inspired by this painting. One of the first, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://braunvega.com/picture?/374/category/6-1970_serie_picasso">Les invités sur l'herbe</a>, 1970, <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Art_Moderne_de_Paris" title="Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris">Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris</a>,<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a> is a mix between <a href="/wiki/Las_Meninas" title="Las Meninas">Las Meninas</a> by <a href="/wiki/Diego_Vel%C3%A1zquez" title="Diego Velázquez">Velazquez</a> and Le déjeuner sur l'herbe by Manet, which features <a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Picasso</a> and Velasquez as naked guests. It is a tribute to Picasso who produced both a series of paintings inspired by Le déjeuner sur l'herbe and an other series inspired by Las Meninas. It also is part of a series called <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://braunvega.com/index?/category/6-1970_serie_picasso">Picasso dans un déjeuner sur l'herbe</a> described as "seriously hilarious" by art critic <a href="/wiki/John_Canaday" title="John Canaday">John Canaday</a>.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a> Later Braun-Vega produced other inspired works like <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://braunvega.com/picture?/242">Encore un déjeuner sur le sable</a>,1984, where he pictures himself in place of one of the characters. This work as the following ones is typical of the syncretism that characterizes the work of Braun-Vega from the 80s. He mixes contemporary characters (mainly south american ones) with Manet's characters as he does in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://braunvega.com/picture?/658">Cita en el campo</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://braunvega.com/picture?/255">Cita en la Playa</a> in 1985; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://braunvega.com/picture?/299">Fin d'un déjeuner sur l'herbe</a> in 1987 and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://braunvega.com/picture?/231">Picnic en el Patio</a> in 1988, showing critical irony about his time as in <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://braunvega.com/picture?/1420">I love the neutron bomb</a>, lithography,1986. He also moves the scene to <a href="/wiki/Central_Park" title="Central Park">Central Park</a> for his 1999 <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New-York</a> exhibition<a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a> with, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://braunvega.com/picture?/165">Le déjeuner in Central Park</a> (Château Malescasse collection<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a>).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Jazz_Orchestra" title="New Jazz Orchestra">New Jazz Orchestra</a> released the album titled Le Déjeuner sur l'Herbe in 1968 and its cover shows a photograph resembling Manet's painting.<a href="#cite_note-29">[29]</a> Dave Gelly's liner notes for the 2014 CD reissue assert that the cover photograph "was inspired by a Picasso lithograph of the famous Monet painting"; it is not clear if this attribution comes from Gelly himself or one of his sources.</li> <li>It was copied in the cover photo of the <a href="/wiki/Bow_Wow_Wow" title="Bow Wow Wow">Bow Wow Wow</a> <a href="/wiki/LP_record" title="LP record">LP</a> <a href="/wiki/See_Jungle!_See_Jungle!_Go_Join_Your_Gang_Yeah,_City_All_Over!_Go_Ape_Crazy!" title="See Jungle! See Jungle! Go Join Your Gang Yeah, City All Over! Go Ape Crazy!">See Jungle! See Jungle! Go Join Your Gang Yeah, City All Over! Go Ape Crazy!</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Extended_play" title="Extended play">EP</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Last_of_the_Mohicans_(Bow_Wow_Wow_EP)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Last of the Mohicans (Bow Wow Wow EP)">The Last of the Mohicans</a>. Controversy arose because the naked girl (lead singer <a href="/wiki/Annabella_Lwin" title="Annabella Lwin">Annabella Lwin</a>) was only 14 at the time.</li> <li>It was also parodied by <a href="/wiki/Neon_Park" title="Neon Park">Neon Park</a> in the cover of <a href="/wiki/Lowell_George" title="Lowell George">Lowell George</a>'s only solo album, "<a href="/wiki/Thanks,_I%27ll_Eat_It_Here" title="Thanks, I'll Eat It Here">Thanks I'll Eat It Here</a>" with <a href="/wiki/Marlene_Dietrich" title="Marlene Dietrich">Marlene Dietrich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fidel_Castro" title="Fidel Castro">Fidel Castro</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a> as the diners.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priit_P%C3%A4rn" title="Priit Pärn">Priit Pärn</a> used the painting as the basis of the 1987 short film Eine murul (Breakfast on the Grass), depicting the day that led to the four subjects of the original painting meeting for their luncheon.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mickalene_Thomas" title="Mickalene Thomas">Mickalene Thomas</a> has produced <a href="/wiki/Le_d%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe:_les_trois_femmes_noires" title="Le déjeuner sur l'herbe: les trois femmes noires">Le déjeuner sur l'herbe: les trois femmes noires</a> (2010). The painting is both a critique of and reference to Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe. Thomas' piece portrays three bold, black women adorned with rich colors, patterned clothing, and radiant Afro-styled hair; the women's positioning and posing is reminiscent of the subjects of Manet's piece, but the gazes of all three women are fixed on the viewer. Thomas created the painting, her largest piece at the time, in 2010 after being commissioned by the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Modern_Art" title="Museum of Modern Art">Museum of Modern Art</a> (MoMA) in New York City.<a href="#cite_note-30">[30]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Shelton" title="Gilbert Shelton">Gilbert Shelton</a> parodied it for the cover of <a href="/wiki/The_Fabulous_Furry_Freak_Brothers" title="The Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers">The Fabulous Furry Freak Brothers</a> comic #3.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k114147v">Catalogue des ouvrages de peinture, sculpture, gravure, lithographie et architecture : refusés par le Jury de 1863 et exposés, par décision de S.M. l'Empereur au salon annexe, palais des Champs-Elysées, le 15 mai 1863, Édouard Manet, Le Bain, no. 363</a>, Bibliothèque nationale de France </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBoime2007" class="citation book cs1">Boime, Albert (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/artinageofcivils0000boim/page/676">Art in an Age of Civil Struggle</a>. Los Angeles: The University of Chicago Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/artinageofcivils0000boim/page/676">676</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-06328-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-06328-7"><bdi>978-0-226-06328-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Art+in+an+Age+of+Civil+Struggle&rft.place=Los+Angeles&rft.pages=676&rft.pub=The+University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-226-06328-7&rft.aulast=Boime&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fartinageofcivils0000boim%2Fpage%2F676&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKing2006-3"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKing2006_3-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFKing2006">King 2006</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-Orsay-4"><a href="#cite_ref-Orsay_4-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170424083013/http://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/collections/works-in-focus/search/commentaire_id/le-dejeuner-sur-lherbe-7123.html?no_cache=1&cHash=48427e6bdb">"Musée d'Orsay, Luncheon on the Grass"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/collections/works-in-focus/search/commentaire_id/le-dejeuner-sur-lherbe-7123.html?no_cache=1&cHash=48427e6bdb">the original</a> on 24 April 2017. Retrieved 6 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mus%C3%A9e+d%27Orsay%2C+Luncheon+on+the+Grass&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musee-orsay.fr%2Fen%2Fcollections%2Fworks-in-focus%2Fsearch%2Fcommentaire_id%2Fle-dejeuner-sur-lherbe-7123.html%3Fno_cache%3D1%26cHash%3D48427e6bdb&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gallerycollections.courtauld.ac.uk/object-p-1932-sc-232">"Study for Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe"</a>. The Courtauld Gallery Collection Online.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Courtauld+Gallery+Collection+Online&rft.atitle=Study+for+Le+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgallerycollections.courtauld.ac.uk%2Fobject-p-1932-sc-232&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hayes-6">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_6-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_6-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_6-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_6-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_6-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_6-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Hayes_6-6">g</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTucker1998" class="citation book cs1">Tucker, Paul Hayes, ed. (1998). Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 5–14.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manet%27s+Le+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=5-14&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Armstrong-7">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Armstrong_7-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Armstrong_7-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Armstrong_7-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArmstrong1998" class="citation book cs1">Armstrong, Carol (1998). "To Paint, To Point, To Pose" Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. pp. 93–111.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%22To+Paint%2C+To+Point%2C+To+Pose%22+Manet%27s+Le+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=93-111&rft.pub=Cambridge+UP&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Armstrong&rft.aufirst=Carol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-King-8"><a href="#cite_ref-King_8-0">^</a> Ross King. The Judgment of Paris: The Revolutionary Decade that Gave the World Impressionism. New York: Waller & Company, 2006 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8027-1466-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8027-1466-8">0-8027-1466-8</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> Ross King, p. 41. </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <a href="/wiki/John_Rewald" title="John Rewald">John Rewald</a>,The History of Impressionism, <a href="/wiki/The_Museum_of_Modern_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="The Museum of Modern Art">The Museum of Modern Art</a>, 4th revised edition 1973, (1st 1946, 2nd 1955, 3rd 1961), p. 85. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87070-369-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-87070-369-2">0-87070-369-2</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaessøe2005" class="citation journal cs1">Laessøe, Rolf (2005). "Édouard Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe as a Veiled Allegory of Painting". Artibus et Historiae. 26 (51): 197. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F1483783">10.2307/1483783</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/1483783">1483783</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Artibus+et+Historiae&rft.atitle=%C3%89douard+Manet%27s+Le+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe+as+a+Veiled+Allegory+of+Painting&rft.volume=26&rft.issue=51&rft.pages=197&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F1483783&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F1483783%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Laess%C3%B8e&rft.aufirst=Rolf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fried-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fried_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fried_12-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFried1996" class="citation book cs1">Fried, Michael (1996). Manet's Modernism or, The Face of Painting in the 1860s. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. pp. 56–57.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Manet%27s+Modernism+or%2C+The+Face+of+Painting+in+the+1860s&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=56-57&rft.pub=The+University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Fried&rft.aufirst=Michael&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k108159t">Fernand Desnoyers, La peinture en 1863 : Salon des refusés, A. Dutil (Paris) 1863</a>, Bibliothèque nationale de France (in French) </li> <li id="cite_note-McCauley-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McCauley_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCauley_14-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCauley_14-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCauley_14-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCauley_14-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCauley_14-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCauley_14-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCauley_14-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCauley_14-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCauley_14-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-McCauley_14-10">k</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCauley1998" class="citation book cs1">McCauley, Anne (1998). "Sex and the Salon" Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 41–44.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%22Sex+and+the+Salon%22+Manet%27s+Le+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=41-44&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=McCauley&rft.aufirst=Anne&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> Peter J. Gartner, Art and Architecture: Musée d'Orsay, 2001, p. 180. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7607-2889-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-7607-2889-5">0-7607-2889-5</a>. </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://gallica.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/bpt6k1141487">Louis Étienne, Le jury et les exposants: salon des refusés, Paris, 1863, p. 30.</a>, Bibliothèque nationale de France </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> Émile Zola, Édouard Manet, 1867, et lps 91 </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://translate.google.com/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=http://www.cahiers-naturalistes.com/Salons/01-01-67.html&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dzola%2Bon%2Bmanet%26start%3D10%26client%3Dfirefox-a%26hs%3Dpu9%26sa%3DN%26rls%3Dorg.mozilla:en-US:official%26channel%3Dsb%26biw%3D1799%26bih%3D840">"Émile Zola, Édouard Manet, 1867, link to English translation"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C3%89mile+Zola%2C+%C3%89douard+Manet%2C+1867%2C+link+to+English+translation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftranslate.google.com%2Ftranslate%3Fhl%3Den%26sl%3Dfr%26u%3Dhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.cahiers-naturalistes.com%2FSalons%2F01-01-67.html%26prev%3D%2Fsearch%253Fq%253Dzola%252Bon%252Bmanet%2526start%253D10%2526client%253Dfirefox-a%2526hs%253Dpu9%2526sa%253DN%2526rls%253Dorg.mozilla%3Aen-US%3Aofficial%2526channel%253Dsb%2526biw%253D1799%2526bih%253D840&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBrombert1996130–131-19"><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBrombert1996130–131_19-0">^</a> <a href="#CITEREFBrombert1996">Brombert 1996</a>, pp. 130–131. </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a> Isaacson, Joel (1972). Monet: Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe. New York: Viking Press. </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLocke1998" class="citation book cs1">Locke, Nancy (1998). "Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe as a Family Romance" Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 121.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%22Le+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe+as+a+Family+Romance%22+Manet%27s+Le+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pages=121&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.aulast=Locke&rft.aufirst=Nancy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141029032121/http://www.musee-orangerie.fr/pages/page_id19113_u1l2.htm">"Paul Cézanne, Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (1876–1877), Musée de l'Orangerie, Paris"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musee-orangerie.fr/pages/page_id19113_u1l2.htm">the original</a> on 29 October 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Paul+C%C3%A9zanne%2C+Le+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe+%281876%E2%80%931877%29%2C+Mus%C3%A9e+de+l%27Orangerie%2C+Paris&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.musee-orangerie.fr%2Fpages%2Fpage_id19113_u1l2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a> Picasso: Challenging the past <a href="/wiki/National_Gallery_(London)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Gallery (London)">National Gallery</a> exhibition book, p. 116. </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clevelandart.org/art/2002.55?collection_search_query=fish&op=search&form_build_id=form-LSCVdx4K6pNGdu3UeD8aED5T32uXqJtj4kV67Am_FPk&form_id=clevelandart_collection_search_form&f%5B0%5D=object_on_view:1&c=1">"Le Déjeuner sur l'herbre"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Cleveland_Museum_of_Art" title="Cleveland Museum of Art">Cleveland Museum of Art</a>. Retrieved 13 January 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Le+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbre&rft.pub=Cleveland+Museum+of+Art&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clevelandart.org%2Fart%2F2002.55%3Fcollection_search_query%3Dfish%26op%3Dsearch%26form_build_id%3Dform-LSCVdx4K6pNGdu3UeD8aED5T32uXqJtj4kV67Am_FPk%26form_id%3Dclevelandart_collection_search_form%26f%255B0%255D%3Dobject_on_view%3A1%26c%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mam.paris.fr/fr/collections-en-ligne#/artwork/180000000000422?layout=grid&page=1&filters=authors:BRAUN-VEGA%20Herman%20(BRAUN-VEGA%20German,%20dit)%E2%86%B9BRAUN-VEGA%20Herman%20(BRAUN-VEGA%20German,%20dit)">"Les invités sur l'herbe | Braun-Vega | Online Collections | Musée d'Art Moderne de Paris"</a>. www.mam.paris.fr. Retrieved 13 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.mam.paris.fr&rft.atitle=Les+invit%C3%A9s+sur+l%27herbe+%7C+Braun-Vega+%7C+Online+Collections+%7C+Mus%C3%A9e+d%27Art+Moderne+de+Paris&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mam.paris.fr%2Ffr%2Fcollections-en-ligne%23%2Fartwork%2F180000000000422%3Flayout%3Dgrid%26page%3D1%26filters%3Dauthors%3ABRAUN-VEGA%2520Herman%2520%28BRAUN-VEGA%2520German%2C%2520dit%29%25E2%2586%25B9BRAUN-VEGA%2520Herman%2520%28BRAUN-VEGA%2520German%2C%2520dit%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCANADAY1971" class="citation news cs1">CANADAY, John (17 April 1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://braunvega.com/picture?/471/category/press">"Herman BRAUN"</a>. The New York Times.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Herman+BRAUN&rft.date=1971-04-17&rft.aulast=CANADAY&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbraunvega.com%2Fpicture%3F%2F471%2Fcategory%2Fpress&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://braunvega.com/index?/category/297-1999_new_york">"1999 New-York exhibition at Nohra Haime Gallery"</a>. braunvega.com. Retrieved 13 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=braunvega.com&rft.atitle=1999+New-York+exhibition+at+Nohra+Haime+Gallery&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbraunvega.com%2Findex%3F%2Fcategory%2F297-1999_new_york&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210713173815/https://open.tube/videos/watch/1dd76ba6-dd88-48b3-866e-ee7b1ce10718">"Braun-Vega's work in Château Malescasse"</a>. open.tube. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://open.tube/videos/watch/1dd76ba6-dd88-48b3-866e-ee7b1ce10718">the original</a> on 13 July 2021. Retrieved 13 July 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=open.tube&rft.atitle=Braun-Vega%27s+work+in+Ch%C3%A2teau+Malescasse&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fopen.tube%2Fvideos%2Fwatch%2F1dd76ba6-dd88-48b3-866e-ee7b1ce10718&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://shop.decca.com/British-Jazz-Explosion/*/Le-D-jeuner-Sur-L-Herbe/704O000026G">"Decca Records"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Decca+Records&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fshop.decca.com%2FBritish-Jazz-Explosion%2F%2A%2FLe-D-jeuner-Sur-L-Herbe%2F704O000026G&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ago.ca/agoinsider/mickalene-thomass-masterpiece">"Mickalene Thomas's masterpiece"</a>. Art Gallery of Ontario. Retrieved 17 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Art+Gallery+of+Ontario&rft.atitle=Mickalene+Thomas%27s+masterpiece&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fago.ca%2Fagoinsider%2Fmickalene-thomass-masterpiece&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrombert1996" class="citation book cs1">Brombert, Beth Archer (1996). Édouard Manet: Rebel in a Frock Coat. Little, Brown. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0316109479" title="Special:BookSources/0316109479"><bdi>0316109479</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%C3%89douard+Manet%3A+Rebel+in+a+Frock+Coat&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=0316109479&rft.aulast=Brombert&rft.aufirst=Beth+Archer&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKing2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ross_King_(author)" title="Ross King (author)">King, Ross</a> (2006). The Judgment of Paris: The Revolutionary Decade that Gave the World Impressionism. New York: Waller & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0802714668" title="Special:BookSources/0802714668"><bdi>0802714668</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Judgment+of+Paris%3A+The+Revolutionary+Decade+that+Gave+the+World+Impressionism&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Waller+%26+Company&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0802714668&rft.aulast=King&rft.aufirst=Ross&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALe+D%C3%A9jeuner+sur+l%27herbe" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><table class="infobox" style="width: 210px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://smarthistory.khanacademy.org/edouard-manet-le-dejeuner-sur-lherbe.html">Manet's Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe</a> at <a href="/wiki/Smarthistory" title="Smarthistory">Smarthistory</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe_by_Manet" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe by Manet">Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe by Manet</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.musee-orsay.fr/en/collections/index-of-works/notice.html?no_cache=1&nnumid=904">Le déjeuner sur l'herbe (Luncheon on the Grass), Musée d'Orsay, Full entry</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://libmma.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/p15324coll10/id/78705/rec/222">Impressionism: A Centenary Exhibition</a>, an exhibition catalog from The Metropolitan Museum of Art (fully available online as PDF), which contains material on this painting (pp. 131–134)</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Édouard_Manet" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%C3%89douard_Manet" title="Template:Édouard Manet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%C3%89douard_Manet" title="Template talk:Édouard Manet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:%C3%89douard_Manet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Édouard Manet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Édouard_Manet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manet" title="Édouard Manet">Édouard Manet</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Paintings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_paintings_by_%C3%89douard_Manet" title="List of paintings by Édouard Manet">List of paintings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Barque_of_Dante_(Manet)" title="The Barque of Dante (Manet)">The Barque of Dante</a> (1854–1858)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christ_the_Gardener" title="Christ the Gardener">Christ the Gardener</a> (1856–1859)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Absinthe_Drinker_(Manet)" title="The Absinthe Drinker (Manet)">The Absinthe Drinker</a> (1859)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Cavaliers" title="Spanish Cavaliers">Spanish Cavaliers</a> (1859)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Madame_Brunet" title="Portrait of Madame Brunet">Portrait of Madame Brunet</a> (1860)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Monsieur_and_Madame_Manet" title="Portrait of Monsieur and Madame Manet">Portrait of Monsieur and Madame Manet</a> (1860)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Spanish_Singer" title="The Spanish Singer">The Spanish Singer</a> (1860)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boy_Carrying_a_Sword" title="Boy Carrying a Sword">Boy Carrying a Sword</a> (1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Nymphe_surprise" title="La Nymphe surprise">La Nymphe surprise</a> (1861)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Street_Singer_(Manet)" title="The Street Singer (Manet)">The Street Singer</a> (1862)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_in_the_Tuileries" title="Music in the Tuileries">Music in the Tuileries</a> (1862)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Old_Musician" title="The Old Musician">The Old Musician</a> (1862)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Victorine_Meurent" title="Portrait of Victorine Meurent">Portrait of Victorine Meurent</a> (1862)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mademoiselle_V._in_the_Costume_of_an_Espada" title="Mademoiselle V. in the Costume of an Espada">Mademoiselle V. in the Costume of an Espada</a> (1862)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Lange" title="Little Lange">Little Lange</a> (1862)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">The Luncheon on the Grass</a> (1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_N%C3%A9gresse_(Manet)" title="La Négresse (Manet)">La Négresse</a> (1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olympia_(Manet)" title="Olympia (Manet)">Olympia</a> (1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Man_Dressed_as_a_Majo" title="Young Man Dressed as a Majo">Young Man Dressed as a Majo</a> (1863)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dead_Man_(Manet)" title="The Dead Man (Manet)">The Dead Man</a> (1864))</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bullfight" title="The Bullfight">The Bullfight</a> (1864–65)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Dead_Christ_with_Angels" title="The Dead Christ with Angels">The Dead Christ with Angels</a> (1864)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Kearsarge_at_Boulogne" title="The Kearsarge at Boulogne">The Kearsarge at Boulogne</a> (1864)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Battle_of_the_Kearsarge_and_the_Alabama" title="The Battle of the Kearsarge and the Alabama">The Battle of the Kearsarge and the Alabama</a> (1864)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Races_at_Longchamp" title="The Races at Longchamp">The Races at Longchamp</a> (1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_Insulted_by_the_Soldiers" title="Jesus Insulted by the Soldiers">Jesus Insulted by the Soldiers</a> (1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullfight_(Manet)" title="Bullfight (Manet)">Bullfight</a> (1865–66)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullfight_%E2%80%93_Death_of_the_Bull" title="Bullfight – Death of the Bull">Bullfight – Death of the Bull</a> (1865)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Matador_Saluting" title="The Matador Saluting">The Matador Saluting</a> (1866)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Fifer" title="The Fifer">The Fifer</a> (1866)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Young_Lady_in_1866" title="A Young Lady in 1866">A Young Lady in 1866</a> (1866)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Execution_of_Emperor_Maximilian" title="The Execution of Emperor Maximilian">The Execution of Emperor Maximilian</a> (1867)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Emile_Zola" title="Portrait of Emile Zola">Portrait of Emile Zola</a> (1868)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boy_Blowing_Bubbles" title="Boy Blowing Bubbles">Boy Blowing Bubbles</a> (1868)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_Manet_at_the_Piano" title="Madame Manet at the Piano">Madame Manet at the Piano</a> (1867–68)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Balcony_(Manet)" title="The Balcony (Manet)">The Balcony</a> (1868)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luncheon_in_the_Studio" title="Luncheon in the Studio">Luncheon in the Studio</a> (1868)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Reading_(Manet)" title="The Reading (Manet)">The Reading</a> (1868)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Port_of_Boulogne_by_Moonlight" title="The Port of Boulogne by Moonlight">The Port of Boulogne by Moonlight</a> (1868)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Departure_of_the_Folkestone_Steamer" title="Departure of the Folkestone Steamer">Departure of the Folkestone Steamer</a> (1869)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Brioche" title="The Brioche">The Brioche</a> (1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repose_(painting)" title="Repose (painting)">Repose</a> (1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Funeral_(painting)" title="The Funeral (painting)">The Funeral</a> (1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effect_of_Snow_on_Petit-Montrouge" title="Effect of Snow on Petit-Montrouge">Effect of Snow on Petit-Montrouge</a> (1870)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berthe_Morisot_with_a_Bouquet_of_Violets" title="Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets">Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets</a> (1872)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarring_a_Boat" title="Tarring a Boat">Tarring a Boat</a> (1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Railway" title="The Railway">The Railway</a> (1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Croquet_Game" title="The Croquet Game">The Croquet Game</a> (1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masked_Ball_at_the_Opera_House" title="Masked Ball at the Opera House">Masked Ball at the Opera House</a> (1873)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argenteuil_(Manet)" title="Argenteuil (Manet)">Argenteuil</a> (1874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berthe_Morisot_with_a_Fan" title="Berthe Morisot with a Fan">Berthe Morisot with a Fan</a> (1874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Monet_Painting_in_his_Studio" title="Claude Monet Painting in his Studio">Claude Monet Painting in his Studio</a> (1874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boating_(Manet)" title="Boating (Manet)">Boating</a> (1874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Marguerite_de_Conflans" title="Portrait of Marguerite de Conflans">Portrait of Marguerite de Conflans</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1876)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_St%C3%A9phane_Mallarm%C3%A9" title="Portrait of Stéphane Mallarmé">Portrait of Stéphane Mallarmé</a> (1876)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Suicid%C3%A9" title="Le Suicidé">Le Suicidé</a> (1877–1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nana_(Manet)" title="Nana (Manet)">Nana</a> (1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plum_Brandy" title="Plum Brandy">Plum Brandy</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1877)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rue_Mosnier_Dressed_with_Flags" title="The Rue Mosnier Dressed with Flags">The Rue Mosnier Dressed with Flags</a> (1878)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blonde_Woman_with_Bare_Breasts" title="Blonde Woman with Bare Breasts">Blonde Woman with Bare Breasts</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1878)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chez_Tortoni" title="Chez Tortoni">Chez Tortoni</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1878–1880)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Clemenceau_(Manet,_Fort_Worth)" title="Portrait of Clemenceau (Manet, Fort Worth)">Georges Clemenceau (Fort Worth)</a> (1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Clemenceau_(Manet,_Paris)" title="Portrait of Clemenceau (Manet, Paris)">Georges Clemenceau (Paris)</a> (1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chez_le_P%C3%A8re_Lathuille" title="Chez le Père Lathuille">Chez le Père Lathuille</a> (1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Marguerite_Gauthier-Lathuille" title="Portrait of Marguerite Gauthier-Lathuille">Portrait of Marguerite Gauthier-Lathuille</a> (1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_the_Conservatory" title="In the Conservatory">In the Conservatory</a> (1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madame_Manet_in_the_Conservatory" title="Madame Manet in the Conservatory">Madame Manet in the Conservatory</a> (1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Waitress_(Manet)" title="The Waitress (Manet)">The Waitress</a> (1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corner_of_a_Caf%C3%A9-Concert" title="Corner of a Café-Concert">Corner of a Café-Concert</a> (1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Caf%C3%A9-Concert" title="The Café-Concert">The Café-Concert</a> (1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_with_Palette_(Manet)" title="Self-Portrait with Palette (Manet)">Self-Portrait with Palette</a> (1879)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Bundle_of_Asparagus" title="A Bundle of Asparagus">A Bundle of Asparagus</a> (1880)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Sprig_of_Asparagus" title="A Sprig of Asparagus">A Sprig of Asparagus</a> (1880)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Countess_Albazzi" title="Portrait of Countess Albazzi">Portrait of Countess Albazzi</a> (1880)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Monsieur_Pertuiset_the_Lion-Hunter" title="Portrait of Monsieur Pertuiset the Lion-Hunter">Portrait of Monsieur Pertuiset the Lion-Hunter</a> (1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead_Eagle_Owl" title="Dead Eagle Owl">Dead Eagle Owl</a> (1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rabbit_(Manet_1881)" title="The Rabbit (Manet 1881)">The Rabbit</a> (1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rochefort%27s_Escape" title="Rochefort's Escape">Rochefort's Escape</a> (1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_(Manet)" title="Spring (Manet)">Spring</a> (1881)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autumn_(Manet)" title="Autumn (Manet)">Autumn</a> (1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Bar_at_the_Folies-Berg%C3%A8re" title="A Bar at the Folies-Bergère">A Bar at the Folies-Bergère</a> (1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_House_at_Rueil" title="The House at Rueil">The House at Rueil</a> (1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flowers_in_a_Crystal_Vase" title="Flowers in a Crystal Vase">Flowers in a Crystal Vase</a> (1882)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Lilacs_in_a_Glass_Vase" title="White Lilacs in a Glass Vase">White Lilacs in a Glass Vase</a> (1882)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9ry_Laurent" title="Méry Laurent">Méry Laurent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victorine_Meurent" title="Victorine Meurent">Victorine Meurent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laure_(art_model)" title="Laure (art model)">Laure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Manet" title="Suzanne Manet">Suzanne Manet (wife)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berthe_Morisot" title="Berthe Morisot">Berthe Morisot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Portrayals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Studio_at_Les_Batignolles" title="A Studio at Les Batignolles">A Studio at Les Batignolles</a> (1870 painting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bazille%27s_Studio" title="Bazille's Studio">Bazille's Studio</a> (1870 painting)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Impressionists_(TV_series)" title="The Impressionists (TV series)">The Impressionists</a> (2006 series)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="text-align: center;;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Manet" title="Eugène Manet">Eugène Manet (brother)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Musée_d&#039;Orsay" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Template:Musée d'Orsay"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Template talk:Musée d'Orsay"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Musée d'Orsay"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Musée_d&#039;Orsay" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Musée d'Orsay">Musée d'Orsay</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Building" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Building</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gare_d%27Orsay" title="Gare d'Orsay">Gare d'Orsay</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Paintings" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Paintings</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">French</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Baader: <a href="/wiki/Remorse_(Baader_painting)" class="mw-redirect" title="Remorse (Baader painting)">Remorse</a></li> <li>Bartholomé: <a href="/wiki/In_the_Conservatory_(Bartholom%C3%A9)" title="In the Conservatory (Bartholomé)">In the Conservatory</a></li> <li>Bastien-Lepage: <a href="/wiki/Haymaking_(Bastien-Lepage)" title="Haymaking (Bastien-Lepage)">Haymaking</a></li> <li>Bazille: <a href="/wiki/The_Family_Reunion_(painting)" title="The Family Reunion (painting)">The Family Reunion</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Improvised_Field_Hospital" title="The Improvised Field Hospital">The Improvised Field Hospital</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Pink_Dress" title="The Pink Dress">The Pink Dress</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bazille%27s_Studio" title="Bazille's Studio">Bazille's Studio</a></li> <li>Belly: <a href="/wiki/Pilgrims_going_to_Mecca" title="Pilgrims going to Mecca">Pilgrims going to Mecca</a></li> <li>Bonnard: <a href="/wiki/Woman_with_a_Cat_(Bonnard)" title="Woman with a Cat (Bonnard)">Woman with a Cat</a></li> <li>Bonheur: <a href="/wiki/Ploughing_in_the_Nivernais" title="Ploughing in the Nivernais">Ploughing in the Nivernais</a></li> <li>Bouguereau: <a href="/wiki/The_Birth_of_Venus_(Bouguereau)" title="The Birth of Venus (Bouguereau)">The Birth of Venus</a> – <a href="/wiki/La_Danse_(Bouguereau)" title="La Danse (Bouguereau)">La Danse</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dante_and_Virgil" title="Dante and Virgil">Dante and Virgil</a> – <a href="/wiki/Equality_Before_Death" title="Equality Before Death">Equality Before Death</a> – <a href="/wiki/Les_Or%C3%A9ades" title="Les Oréades">Les Oréades</a></li> <li>Boulanger: <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9p%C3%A9tition_du_%22Joueur_de_fl%C3%BBte%22_et_de_%22La_femme_de_Diom%C3%A8de%22_chez_le_prince_Napol%C3%A9on" title="Répétition du "Joueur de flûte" et de "La femme de Diomède" chez le prince Napoléon">Répétition du "Joueur de flûte" et de "La femme de Diomède" chez le prince Napoléon</a></li> <li>Bracquemond: <a href="/wiki/The_Lady_in_White_(Bracquemond)" title="The Lady in White (Bracquemond)">The Lady in White</a> – <a href="/wiki/Three_Women_with_Parasols" title="Three Women with Parasols">Three Women with Parasols</a></li> <li>Cabanel: <a href="/wiki/The_Birth_of_Venus_(Cabanel)" title="The Birth of Venus (Cabanel)">The Birth of Venus</a></li> <li>Caillebotte: <a href="/wiki/Les_raboteurs_de_parquet" title="Les raboteurs de parquet">Les raboteurs de parquet</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vue_de_toits_(Effet_de_neige)" title="Vue de toits (Effet de neige)">Vue de toits (Effet de neige)</a></li> <li>Cézanne: <a href="/wiki/The_Hanged_Man%27s_House" title="The Hanged Man's House">The Hanged Man's House</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Card_Players" title="The Card Players">The Card Players</a> – <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Gustave_Geffroy" title="Portrait of Gustave Geffroy">Portrait of Gustave Geffroy</a></li> <li>Chassériau: <a href="/wiki/Arab_Chiefs_Challenging_each_other_to_Single_Combat_under_the_Ramparts_of_a_City" title="Arab Chiefs Challenging each other to Single Combat under the Ramparts of a City">Arab Chiefs Challenging each other to Single Combat under the Ramparts of a City</a></li> <li>de Chavannes: <a href="/wiki/The_Poor_Fisherman" title="The Poor Fisherman">The Poor Fisherman</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Turtle_Seller" title="The Turtle Seller">The Turtle Seller</a></li> <li>Courbet: <a href="/wiki/A_Burial_at_Ornans" title="A Burial at Ornans">A Burial at Ornans</a> – <a href="/wiki/L%27Origine_du_monde" title="L'Origine du monde">L'Origine du monde</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Painter%27s_Studio" title="The Painter's Studio">The Painter's Studio</a> – <a href="/wiki/Le_ruisseau_noir" title="Le ruisseau noir">Le ruisseau noir</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Wounded_Man_(painting)" title="The Wounded Man (painting)">The Wounded Man</a></li> <li>Couture: <a href="/wiki/The_Romans_in_their_Decadence" title="The Romans in their Decadence">The Romans in their Decadence</a></li> <li>Daubigny: <a href="/wiki/The_Harvest_(Daubigny)" title="The Harvest (Daubigny)">The Harvest</a></li> <li>Daumier: <a href="/wiki/The_Laundress_(Daumier)" title="The Laundress (Daumier)">The Laundress</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Republic_(Daumier)" title="The Republic (Daumier)">The Republic</a></li> <li>Degas: <a href="/wiki/L%27Absinthe" title="L'Absinthe">L'Absinthe</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Bellelli_Family" title="The Bellelli Family">The Bellelli Family</a> – <a href="/wiki/Caf%C3%A9-Concert_at_Les_Ambassadeurs" title="Café-Concert at Les Ambassadeurs">Café-Concert at Les Ambassadeurs</a> (1885) – <a href="/wiki/Les_Choristes" title="Les Choristes">Les Choristes</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Orchestra_at_the_Opera" title="The Orchestra at the Opera">The Orchestra at the Opera</a> – <a href="/wiki/Portraits_at_the_Stock_Exchange" title="Portraits at the Stock Exchange">Portraits at the Stock Exchange</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Tub" title="The Tub">The Tub</a></li> <li>Dehodencq: <a href="/wiki/Boabdil%27s_Farewell_to_Granada" title="Boabdil's Farewell to Granada">Boabdil's Farewell to Granada</a></li> <li>Delacroix: <a href="/wiki/Arab_Horses_Fighting_in_a_Stable" title="Arab Horses Fighting in a Stable">Arab Horses Fighting in a Stable</a></li> <li>Denis: <a href="/wiki/Homage_to_C%C3%A9zanne" title="Homage to Cézanne">Homage to Cézanne</a></li> <li>Detaille: <a href="/wiki/The_Dream_(Detaille)" title="The Dream (Detaille)">The Dream</a></li> <li>Doré: <a href="/wiki/The_Enigma_(Dor%C3%A9)" title="The Enigma (Doré)">The Enigma</a></li> <li>Fantin-Latour: <a href="/wiki/Around_the_Piano" title="Around the Piano">Around the Piano</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Corner_of_the_Table" title="The Corner of the Table">The Corner of the Table</a> – <a href="/wiki/Homage_to_Delacroix" title="Homage to Delacroix">Homage to Delacroix</a> – <a href="/wiki/A_Studio_at_Les_Batignolles" title="A Studio at Les Batignolles">A Studio at Les Batignolles</a></li> <li>Gauguin: <a href="/wiki/Arearea" title="Arearea">Arearea</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Beautiful_Angel" title="The Beautiful Angel">The Beautiful Angel</a> – <a href="/wiki/Breton_Peasant_Women" title="Breton Peasant Women">Breton Peasant Women</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Schuffenecker_Family" title="The Schuffenecker Family">The Schuffenecker Family</a> – <a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_in_a_Hat" title="Self-Portrait in a Hat">Self-Portrait in a Hat</a> – <a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_with_the_Yellow_Christ" title="Self-Portrait with the Yellow Christ">Self-Portrait with the Yellow Christ</a> – <a href="/wiki/Tahitian_Women_on_the_Beach" title="Tahitian Women on the Beach">Tahitian Women on the Beach</a> – <a href="/wiki/Vairumati" title="Vairumati">Vairumati</a></li> <li>Gérôme: <a href="/wiki/The_Cock_Fight" title="The Cock Fight">The Cock Fight</a> – <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_(painting)" title="Jerusalem (painting)">Jerusalem</a> – <a href="/wiki/Reception_of_the_Grand_Cond%C3%A9_at_Versailles" title="Reception of the Grand Condé at Versailles">Reception of the Grand Condé at Versailles</a></li> <li>Gervex: <a href="/wiki/A_Session_of_the_Painting_Jury" title="A Session of the Painting Jury">A Session of the Painting Jury</a></li> <li>Glaize: <a href="/wiki/The_Gallic_Women:_Episode_from_the_Roman_Invasion" title="The Gallic Women: Episode from the Roman Invasion">The Gallic Women: Episode from the Roman Invasion</a></li> <li>Ingres: <a href="/wiki/The_Source_(Ingres)" title="The Source (Ingres)">The Source</a></li> <li>Laurens: <a href="/wiki/The_Excommunication_of_Robert_the_Pious" title="The Excommunication of Robert the Pious">The Excommunication of Robert the Pious</a></li> <li>Lefebvre: <a href="/wiki/The_Truth_(Lefebvre)" title="The Truth (Lefebvre)">The Truth</a></li> <li>Luce: <a href="/wiki/The_Quai_Saint-Michel_and_Notre-Dame" title="The Quai Saint-Michel and Notre-Dame">The Quai Saint-Michel and Notre-Dame</a></li> <li>Manet: <a href="/wiki/The_Balcony_(Manet)" title="The Balcony (Manet)">The Balcony</a> – <a href="/wiki/Berthe_Morisot_with_a_Bouquet_of_Violets" title="Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets">Berthe Morisot with a Bouquet of Violets</a> – <a href="/wiki/Blonde_Woman_with_Bare_Breasts" title="Blonde Woman with Bare Breasts">Blonde Woman with Bare Breasts</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bullfight_(Manet)" title="Bullfight (Manet)">Bullfight</a> – <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe</a> – <a href="/wiki/Flowers_in_a_Crystal_Vase" title="Flowers in a Crystal Vase">Flowers in a Crystal Vase</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Fifer" title="The Fifer">The Fifer</a> – <a href="/wiki/Madame_Manet_at_the_Piano" title="Madame Manet at the Piano">Madame Manet at the Piano</a> – <a href="/wiki/Olympia_(Manet)" title="Olympia (Manet)">Olympia</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Port_of_Boulogne_by_Moonlight" title="The Port of Boulogne by Moonlight">The Port of Boulogne by Moonlight</a> – <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Clemenceau_(Manet,_Paris)" title="Portrait of Clemenceau (Manet, Paris)">Portrait of Clemenceau</a> – <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Emile_Zola" title="Portrait of Emile Zola">Portrait of Emile Zola</a> – <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Marguerite_de_Conflans" title="Portrait of Marguerite de Conflans">Portrait of Marguerite de Conflans</a> [1] – <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Monsieur_and_Madame_Manet" title="Portrait of Monsieur and Madame Manet">Portrait of Monsieur and Madame Manet</a> – <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_St%C3%A9phane_Mallarm%C3%A9" title="Portrait of Stéphane Mallarmé">Portrait of Stéphane Mallarmé</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Reading_(Manet)" title="The Reading (Manet)">The Reading</a> – <a href="/wiki/A_Sprig_of_Asparagus" title="A Sprig of Asparagus">A Sprig of Asparagus</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Waitress_(Manet)" title="The Waitress (Manet)">The Waitress</a></li> <li>Matisse: <a href="/wiki/Luxe,_Calme_et_Volupt%C3%A9" title="Luxe, Calme et Volupté">Luxe, Calme et Volupté</a></li> <li>Meissonier: <a href="/wiki/French_Campaign,_1814_(Meissonier)" title="French Campaign, 1814 (Meissonier)">French Campaign, 1814</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Siege_of_Paris_(Meissonier)" title="The Siege of Paris (Meissonier)">The Siege of Paris</a></li> <li>Millet: <a href="/wiki/The_Angelus_(painting)" title="The Angelus (painting)">The Angelus</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Gleaners" title="The Gleaners">The Gleaners</a> – <a href="/wiki/Shepherdess_with_her_Flock" title="Shepherdess with her Flock">Shepherdess with her Flock</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Winnower_(Millet)" title="The Winnower (Millet)">The Winnower</a></li> <li>Monet: <a href="/wiki/The_Artist%27s_Garden_at_Giverny" title="The Artist's Garden at Giverny">The Artist's Garden at Giverny</a> – <a href="/wiki/A_Cart_on_the_Snowy_Road_at_Honfleur" title="A Cart on the Snowy Road at Honfleur">A Cart on the Snowy Road at Honfleur</a> – <a href="/wiki/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe_(Monet,_Paris)" title="Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (Monet, Paris)">Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Magpie_(Monet)" title="The Magpie (Monet)">The Magpie</a> – <a href="/wiki/Regatta_at_Argenteuil" title="Regatta at Argenteuil">Regatta at Argenteuil</a> – <a href="/wiki/Resting_Under_a_Lilac_Bush" title="Resting Under a Lilac Bush">Resting Under a Lilac Bush</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Road_in_Front_of_Saint-Simeon_Farm_in_Winter" title="The Road in Front of Saint-Simeon Farm in Winter">The Road in Front of Saint-Simeon Farm in Winter</a> – <a href="/wiki/Women_in_the_Garden" title="Women in the Garden">Women in the Garden</a></li> <li>Moreau: <a href="/wiki/The_Apparition_(Moreau,_Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay)" title="The Apparition (Moreau, Musée d'Orsay)">The Apparition</a></li> <li>Morisot: <a href="/wiki/The_Cradle_(Morisot)" title="The Cradle (Morisot)">The Cradle</a></li> <li>Motte: <a href="/wiki/The_Fianc%C3%A9e_of_Belus" title="The Fiancée of Belus">The Fiancée of Belus</a></li> <li>Ottmann: <a href="/wiki/The_Luxembourg_Station_in_Brussels" title="The Luxembourg Station in Brussels">The Luxembourg Station in Brussels</a></li> <li>Regnault: <a href="/wiki/Summary_Execution_under_the_Moorish_Kings_of_Granada" title="Summary Execution under the Moorish Kings of Granada">Summary Execution under the Moorish Kings of Granada</a></li> <li>Renoir: <a href="/wiki/Bal_du_moulin_de_la_Galette" title="Bal du moulin de la Galette">Bal du moulin de la Galette</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Bathers_(Renoir)" title="The Bathers (Renoir)">The Bathers</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dance_in_the_City" title="Dance in the City">Dance in the City</a> – <a href="/wiki/Dance_in_the_Country" title="Dance in the Country">Dance in the Country</a> – <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Bazille_at_his_Easel" title="Frédéric Bazille at his Easel">Frédéric Bazille at his Easel</a> – <a href="/wiki/Girls_at_the_Piano" title="Girls at the Piano">Girls at the Piano</a> – <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_the_Painter_Claude_Monet" title="Portrait of the Painter Claude Monet">Portrait of the Painter Claude Monet</a> – <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_William_Sisley" title="Portrait of William Sisley">Portrait of William Sisley</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Swing_(Renoir)" title="The Swing (Renoir)">The Swing</a></li> <li>Rousseau: <a href="/wiki/The_Snake_Charmer_(Rousseau)" title="The Snake Charmer (Rousseau)">The Snake Charmer</a></li> <li>Sérusier: <a href="/wiki/The_Talisman_(painting)" title="The Talisman (painting)">The Talisman</a></li> <li>Seurat: <a href="/wiki/The_Circus_(Seurat)" title="The Circus (Seurat)">The Circus</a></li> <li>Sisley: <a href="/wiki/Avenue_of_Poplars_near_Moret-sur-Loing" title="Avenue of Poplars near Moret-sur-Loing">Avenue of Poplars near Moret-sur-Loing</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Canal_du_Loing_(painting)" title="The Canal du Loing (painting)">The Canal du Loing</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Canal_Saint-Martin_(painting)" title="The Canal Saint-Martin (painting)">The Canal Saint-Martin</a> – <a href="/wiki/Chemin_de_la_Machine,_Louveciennes" title="Chemin de la Machine, Louveciennes">Chemin de la Machine, Louveciennes</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Forge_at_Marly-le-Roi" title="The Forge at Marly-le-Roi">The Forge at Marly-le-Roi</a> – <a href="/wiki/Regatta_at_Molesey_near_Hampton_Court" title="Regatta at Molesey near Hampton Court">Regatta at Molesey near Hampton Court</a> – <a href="/wiki/Resting_by_a_Stream_at_the_Edge_of_the_Wood" title="Resting by a Stream at the Edge of the Wood">Resting by a Stream at the Edge of the Wood</a> – <a href="/wiki/Rue_de_la_Chauss%C3%A9e_in_Argenteuil" title="Rue de la Chaussée in Argenteuil">Rue de la Chaussée in Argenteuil</a> – <a href="/wiki/View_of_the_Canal_Saint-Martin" title="View of the Canal Saint-Martin">View of the Canal Saint-Martin</a> – <a href="/wiki/The_Village_of_Voisins" title="The Village of Voisins">The Village of Voisins</a></li> <li>Toulouse-Lautrec: <a href="/wiki/Le_Lit_(Toulouse-Lautrec)" title="Le Lit (Toulouse-Lautrec)">Le Lit</a> – <a href="/wiki/La_Toilette_(Toulouse-Lautrec)" title="La Toilette (Toulouse-Lautrec)">La Toilette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">American</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Harrison: <a href="/wiki/Solitude_(Harrison)" title="Solitude (Harrison)">Solitude</a></li> <li>Tanner: <a href="/wiki/The_Resurrection_of_Lazarus" title="The Resurrection of Lazarus">The Resurrection of Lazarus</a></li> <li>Whistler: <a href="/wiki/Whistler%27s_Mother" title="Whistler's Mother">Whistler's Mother</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Belgian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>van Rysselberghe: <a href="/wiki/Sailboats_and_Estuary" title="Sailboats and Estuary">Sailboats and Estuary</a></li> <li>Stevens: <a href="/wiki/The_Bath_(Stevens)" title="The Bath (Stevens)">The Bath</a> – <a href="/wiki/What_is_Called_Vagrancy" title="What is Called Vagrancy">What is Called Vagrancy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">British</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Burne-Jones: <a href="/wiki/The_Wheel_of_Fortune_(Burne-Jones)" title="The Wheel of Fortune (Burne-Jones)">The Wheel of Fortune</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Dutch</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Van Gogh: <a href="/wiki/L%27Arl%C3%A9sienne_(painting)" title="L'Arlésienne (painting)">L'Arlésienne</a> – <a href="/wiki/Bedroom_in_Arles" title="Bedroom in Arles">Bedroom in Arles</a> (3rd version) – <a href="/wiki/The_Church_at_Auvers" title="The Church at Auvers">The Church at Auvers</a> – <a href="/wiki/Starry_Night_Over_the_Rh%C3%B4ne" title="Starry Night Over the Rhône">Starry Night Over the Rhône</a> – <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Dr._Gachet" title="Portrait of Dr. Gachet">Portrait of Dr. Gachet</a> (2nd version) – <a href="/wiki/Doctor_Gachet%27s_Garden_in_Auvers" title="Doctor Gachet's Garden in Auvers">Doctor Gachet's Garden in Auvers</a> – <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Fritillaries_in_a_Copper_Vase" title="Imperial Fritillaries in a Copper Vase">Imperial Fritillaries in a Copper Vase</a> – <a href="/wiki/Van_Gogh_self-portrait_(1889)" title="Van Gogh self-portrait (1889)">Self-portrait</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Finnish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Edelfelt: <a href="/wiki/Pasteur%27s_portrait_by_Edelfelt" title="Pasteur's portrait by Edelfelt">Pasteur's portrait by Edelfelt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Italian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Boldini: <a href="/wiki/Madame_Charles_Max" title="Madame Charles Max">Madame Charles Max</a> – <a href="/wiki/Portrait_of_Robert_de_Montesquiou" title="Portrait of Robert de Montesquiou">Portrait of Robert de Montesquiou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">Spanish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Sorolla: <a href="/wiki/The_Return_from_Fishing:_Hauling_the_Boat" title="The Return from Fishing: Hauling the Boat">The Return from Fishing: Hauling the Boat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible uncollapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><div id="Sculptures" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Sculptures</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="French" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;background-color: #eee;">French</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Barrias: <a href="/wiki/Nature_Unveiling_Herself_Before_Science" title="Nature Unveiling Herself Before Science">Nature Unveiling Herself Before Science</a></li> <li>Clésinger: <a href="/wiki/Woman_Bitten_by_a_Serpent" title="Woman Bitten by a Serpent">Woman Bitten by a Serpent</a></li> <li>Claudel: <a href="/wiki/The_Mature_Age" title="The Mature Age">The Mature Age</a></li> <li>Delaplanche: <a href="/wiki/Virgin_with_a_Lily" title="Virgin with a Lily">Virgin with a Lily</a></li> <li>Jacquemart: <a href="/wiki/Rhinoc%C3%A9ros_(Jacquemart)" title="Rhinocéros (Jacquemart)">Rhinocéros</a></li> <li>Gauguin: <a href="/wiki/Objet_d%C3%A9coratif_carr%C3%A9_avec_dieux_tahitiens" title="Objet décoratif carré avec dieux tahitiens">Objet décoratif carré avec dieux tahitiens</a> – <a href="/wiki/Oviri" title="Oviri">Oviri</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>[1] On display at the <a href="/wiki/Mus%C3%A9e_des_Augustins" title="Musée des Augustins">Musée des Augustins</a> in <a href="/wiki/Toulouse" title="Toulouse">Toulouse</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Modernism" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Modernism" title="Template:Modernism"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Modernism" title="Template talk:Modernism"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Modernism" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Modernism"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Modernism" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Modernism" title="Modernism">Modernism</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acmeist_poetry" title="Acmeist poetry">Acmeism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">Art Deco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Art Nouveau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashcan_School" title="Ashcan School">Ashcan School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constructivism_(art)" title="Constructivism (art)">Constructivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubism" title="Cubism">Cubism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dada" title="Dada">Dada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expressionism" title="Expressionism">Expressionism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Der_Blaue_Reiter" title="Der Blaue Reiter">Der Blaue Reiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Die_Br%C3%BCcke" title="Die Brücke">Die Brücke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expressionist_music" title="Expressionist music">Music</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauvism" title="Fauvism">Fauvism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Functionalism_(architecture)" title="Functionalism (architecture)">Functionalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bauhaus" title="Bauhaus">Bauhaus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futurism" title="Futurism">Futurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagism" title="Imagism">Imagism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lettrism" title="Lettrism">Lettrism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoplasticism" title="Neoplasticism">Neoplasticism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/De_Stijl" title="De Stijl">De Stijl</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orphism_(art)" title="Orphism (art)">Orphism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surrealism" title="Surrealism">Surrealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbolism_(arts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbolism (arts)">Symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchromism" title="Synchromism">Synchromism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonalism" title="Tonalism">Tonalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_arts#Literary_arts" title="The arts">Literary arts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Literary_modernism" title="Literary modernism">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Apollinaire" title="Guillaume Apollinaire">Apollinaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Djuna_Barnes" title="Djuna Barnes">Barnes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Beckett" title="Samuel Beckett">Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Bely" title="Andrei Bely">Bely</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Breton" title="André Breton">Breton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Broch" title="Hermann Broch">Broch</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Bulgakov" title="Mikhail Bulgakov">Bulgakov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Chekhov" title="Anton Chekhov">Chekhov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Conrad" title="Joseph Conrad">Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_D%C3%B6blin" title="Alfred Döblin">Döblin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._M._Forster" title="E. M. Forster">Forster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Faulkner" title="William Faulkner">Faulkner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustave_Flaubert" title="Gustave Flaubert">Flaubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Madox_Ford" title="Ford Madox Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Gide" title="André Gide">Gide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knut_Hamsun" title="Knut Hamsun">Hamsun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaroslav_Ha%C5%A1ek" title="Jaroslav Hašek">Hašek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Hemingway" title="Ernest Hemingway">Hemingway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Hesse" title="Hermann Hesse">Hesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Joyce" title="James Joyce">Joyce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Kafka" title="Franz Kafka">Kafka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Koestler" title="Arthur Koestler">Koestler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._H._Lawrence" title="D. H. Lawrence">Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Mann" title="Thomas Mann">Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Mansfield" title="Katherine Mansfield">Mansfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filippo_Tommaso_Marinetti" title="Filippo Tommaso Marinetti">Marinetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Musil" title="Robert Musil">Musil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Dos_Passos" title="John Dos Passos">Dos Passos</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Platonov" title="Andrei Platonov">Platonov</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Anne_Porter" title="Katherine Anne Porter">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Proust" title="Marcel Proust">Proust</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gertrude_Stein" title="Gertrude Stein">Stein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italo_Svevo" title="Italo Svevo">Svevo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miguel_de_Unamuno" title="Miguel de Unamuno">Unamuno</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Woolf" title="Virginia Woolf">Woolf</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modernist_poetry" title="Modernist poetry">Poetry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Akhmatova" title="Anna Akhmatova">Akhmatova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Aldington" title="Richard Aldington">Aldington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._H._Auden" title="W. H. Auden">Auden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_P._Cavafy" title="Constantine P. Cavafy">Cavafy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blaise_Cendrars" title="Blaise Cendrars">Cendrars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hart_Crane" title="Hart Crane">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.D." title="H.D.">H.D.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Desnos" title="Robert Desnos">Desnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">Eliot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_%C3%89luard" title="Paul Éluard">Éluard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odysseas_Elytis" title="Odysseas Elytis">Elytis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefan_George" title="Stefan George">George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Jacob" title="Max Jacob">Jacob</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Garc%C3%ADa_Lorca" title="Federico García Lorca">Lorca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amy_Lowell" title="Amy Lowell">Lowell (Amy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lowell" title="Robert Lowell">Lowell (Robert)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Mallarm%C3%A9" title="Stéphane Mallarmé">Mallarmé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marianne_Moore" title="Marianne Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilfred_Owen" title="Wilfred Owen">Owen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernando_Pessoa" title="Fernando Pessoa">Pessoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezra_Pound" title="Ezra Pound">Pound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Maria_Rilke" title="Rainer Maria Rilke">Rilke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgos_Seferis" title="Giorgos Seferis">Seferis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wallace_Stevens" title="Wallace Stevens">Stevens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dylan_Thomas" title="Dylan Thomas">Thomas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristan_Tzara" title="Tristan Tzara">Tzara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Val%C3%A9ry" title="Paul Valéry">Valéry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Carlos_Williams" title="William Carlos Williams">Williams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._B._Yeats" title="W. B. Yeats">Yeats</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/In_Search_of_Lost_Time" title="In Search of Lost Time">In Search of Lost Time</a> (1913–1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Metamorphosis" title="The Metamorphosis">The Metamorphosis</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_(novel)" title="Ulysses (novel)">Ulysses</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Waste_Land" title="The Waste Land">The Waste Land</a> (1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Mountain" title="The Magic Mountain">The Magic Mountain</a> (1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs_Dalloway" title="Mrs Dalloway">Mrs Dalloway</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sun_Also_Rises" title="The Sun Also Rises">The Sun Also Rises</a> (1926)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Master_and_Margarita" title="The Master and Margarita">The Master and Margarita</a> (1928–1940)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sound_and_the_Fury" title="The Sound and the Fury">The Sound and the Fury</a> (1929)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Visual_arts" title="Visual arts">Visual arts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modern_art" title="Modern art">Painting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Josef_Albers" title="Josef Albers">Albers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Arp" title="Jean Arp">Arp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balthus" title="Balthus">Balthus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bellows" title="George Bellows">Bellows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umberto_Boccioni" title="Umberto Boccioni">Boccioni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Bonnard" title="Pierre Bonnard">Bonnard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantin_Br%C3%A2ncu%C8%99i" title="Constantin Brâncuși">Brâncuși</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Braque" title="Georges Braque">Braque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Calder" title="Alexander Calder">Calder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Cassatt" title="Mary Cassatt">Cassatt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_C%C3%A9zanne" title="Paul Cézanne">Cézanne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Chagall" title="Marc Chagall">Chagall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giorgio_de_Chirico" title="Giorgio de Chirico">Chirico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Claudel" title="Camille Claudel">Claudel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvador_Dal%C3%AD" title="Salvador Dalí">Dalí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Degas" title="Edgar Degas">Degas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_de_Kooning" title="Willem de Kooning">Kooning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Delaunay" title="Robert Delaunay">Delaunay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonia_Delaunay" title="Sonia Delaunay">Delaunay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Demuth" title="Charles Demuth">Demuth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Dix" title="Otto Dix">Dix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theo_van_Doesburg" title="Theo van Doesburg">Doesburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Duchamp" title="Marcel Duchamp">Duchamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raoul_Dufy" title="Raoul Dufy">Dufy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Ensor" title="James Ensor">Ensor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Ernst" title="Max Ernst">Ernst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gauguin" title="Paul Gauguin">Gauguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Giacometti" title="Alberto Giacometti">Giacometti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natalia_Goncharova" title="Natalia Goncharova">Goncharova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Gris" title="Juan Gris">Gris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Grosz" title="George Grosz">Grosz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_H%C3%B6ch" title="Hannah Höch">Höch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Hopper" title="Edward Hopper">Hopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frida_Kahlo" title="Frida Kahlo">Kahlo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wassily_Kandinsky" title="Wassily Kandinsky">Kandinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Ludwig_Kirchner" title="Ernst Ludwig Kirchner">Kirchner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Klee" title="Paul Klee">Klee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oskar_Kokoschka" title="Oskar Kokoschka">Kokoschka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fernand_L%C3%A9ger" title="Fernand Léger">Léger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Magritte" title="René Magritte">Magritte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazimir_Malevich" title="Kazimir Malevich">Malevich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manet" title="Édouard Manet">Manet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Marc" title="Franz Marc">Marc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Matisse" title="Henri Matisse">Matisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Metzinger" title="Jean Metzinger">Metzinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joan_Mir%C3%B3" title="Joan Miró">Miró</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amedeo_Modigliani" title="Amedeo Modigliani">Modigliani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piet_Mondrian" title="Piet Mondrian">Mondrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Monet" title="Claude Monet">Monet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Moore" title="Henry Moore">Moore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edvard_Munch" title="Edvard Munch">Munch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Nolde" title="Emil Nolde">Nolde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia_O%27Keeffe" title="Georgia O'Keeffe">O'Keeffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Picabia" title="Francis Picabia">Picabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Picasso" title="Pablo Picasso">Picasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Pissarro" title="Camille Pissarro">Pissarro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man_Ray" title="Man Ray">Ray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odilon_Redon" title="Odilon Redon">Redon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Auguste_Renoir" title="Pierre-Auguste Renoir">Renoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auguste_Rodin" title="Auguste Rodin">Rodin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Rousseau" title="Henri Rousseau">Rousseau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egon_Schiele" title="Egon Schiele">Schiele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Seurat" title="Georges Seurat">Seurat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Signac" title="Paul Signac">Signac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Sisley" title="Alfred Sisley">Sisley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Soutine" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaim Soutine">Soutine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Steichen" title="Edward Steichen">Steichen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Stieglitz" title="Alfred Stieglitz">Stieglitz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_Toulouse-Lautrec" title="Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec">Toulouse-Lautrec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincent_van_Gogh" title="Vincent van Gogh">Van Gogh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Vuillard" title="Édouard Vuillard">Vuillard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Wood" title="Grant Wood">Wood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modernist_film" title="Modernist film">Film</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chantal_Akerman" title="Chantal Akerman">Akerman</a> </li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Aldrich" title="Robert Aldrich">Aldrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Antonioni" title="Michelangelo Antonioni">Antonioni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tex_Avery" title="Tex Avery">Avery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingmar_Bergman" title="Ingmar Bergman">Bergman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Bresson" title="Robert Bresson">Bresson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Bu%C3%B1uel" title="Luis Buñuel">Buñuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Carn%C3%A9" title="Marcel Carné">Carné</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cassavetes" title="John Cassavetes">Cassavetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Chaplin" title="Charlie Chaplin">Chaplin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Clair" title="René Clair">Clair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Cocteau" title="Jean Cocteau">Cocteau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Dassin" title="Jules Dassin">Dassin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Deren" title="Maya Deren">Deren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Dovzhenko" title="Alexander Dovzhenko">Dovzhenko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Theodor_Dreyer" title="Carl Theodor Dreyer">Dreyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blake_Edwards" title="Blake Edwards">Edwards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Eisenstein" title="Sergei Eisenstein">Eisenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Epstein" title="Jean Epstein">Epstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainer_Werner_Fassbinder" title="Rainer Werner Fassbinder">Fassbinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federico_Fellini" title="Federico Fellini">Fellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_J._Flaherty" title="Robert J. Flaherty">Flaherty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Ford" title="John Ford">Ford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Fuller" title="Samuel Fuller">Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abel_Gance" title="Abel Gance">Gance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Godard" title="Jean-Luc Godard">Godard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hitchcock" title="Alfred Hitchcock">Hitchcock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hubley" title="John Hubley">Hubley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuck_Jones" title="Chuck Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buster_Keaton" title="Buster Keaton">Keaton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Kubrick" title="Stanley Kubrick">Kubrick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lev_Kuleshov" title="Lev Kuleshov">Kuleshov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akira_Kurosawa" title="Akira Kurosawa">Kurosawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Lang" title="Fritz Lang">Lang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Losey" title="Joseph Losey">Losey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ida_Lupino" title="Ida Lupino">Lupino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chris_Marker" title="Chris Marker">Marker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincente_Minnelli" title="Vincente Minnelli">Minnelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F._W._Murnau" title="F. W. Murnau">Murnau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasujir%C5%8D_Ozu" title="Yasujirō Ozu">Ozu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._W._Pabst" title="G. W. Pabst">Pabst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vsevolod_Pudovkin" title="Vsevolod Pudovkin">Pudovkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Ray" title="Nicholas Ray">Ray (Nicholas)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Ray (Satyajit)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Resnais" title="Alain Resnais">Resnais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Renoir" title="Jean Renoir">Renoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Richardson" title="Tony Richardson">Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roberto_Rossellini" title="Roberto Rossellini">Rossellini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_Sirk" title="Douglas Sirk">Sirk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Sj%C3%B6str%C3%B6m" title="Victor Sjöström">Sjöström</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Josef_von_Sternberg" title="Josef von Sternberg">Sternberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrei_Tarkovsky" title="Andrei Tarkovsky">Tarkovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Tati" title="Jacques Tati">Tati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji%C5%99%C3%AD_Trnka" title="Jiří Trnka">Trnka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Truffaut" title="François Truffaut">Truffaut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agn%C3%A8s_Varda" title="Agnès Varda">Varda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dziga_Vertov" title="Dziga Vertov">Vertov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Vigo" title="Jean Vigo">Vigo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orson_Welles" title="Orson Welles">Welles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Wiene" title="Robert Wiene">Wiene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Wood" title="Ed Wood">Wood</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modern_architecture" title="Modern architecture">Architecture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marcel_Breuer" title="Marcel Breuer">Breuer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Bunshaft" title="Gordon Bunshaft">Bunshaft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoni_Gaud%C3%AD" title="Antoni Gaudí">Gaudí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Gropius" title="Walter Gropius">Gropius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector_Guimard" title="Hector Guimard">Guimard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victor_Horta" title="Victor Horta">Horta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedensreich_Hundertwasser" title="Friedensreich Hundertwasser">Hundertwasser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Johnson" title="Philip Johnson">Johnson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Kahn" title="Louis Kahn">Kahn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Le_Corbusier" title="Le Corbusier">Le Corbusier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolf_Loos" title="Adolf Loos">Loos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantin_Melnikov" title="Konstantin Melnikov">Melnikov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erich_Mendelsohn" title="Erich Mendelsohn">Mendelsohn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pier_Luigi_Nervi" title="Pier Luigi Nervi">Nervi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Neutra" title="Richard Neutra">Neutra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Niemeyer" title="Oscar Niemeyer">Niemeyer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerrit_Rietveld" title="Gerrit Rietveld">Rietveld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eero_Saarinen" title="Eero Saarinen">Saarinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Steiner" title="Rudolf Steiner">Steiner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Sullivan" title="Louis Sullivan">Sullivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Tatlin" title="Vladimir Tatlin">Tatlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Mies_van_der_Rohe" title="Ludwig Mies van der Rohe">Mies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Lloyd_Wright" title="Frank Lloyd Wright">Wright</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Sunday_Afternoon_on_the_Island_of_La_Grande_Jatte" title="A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte">A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte</a> (1886)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mont_Sainte-Victoire_(C%C3%A9zanne)" title="Mont Sainte-Victoire (Cézanne)">Mont Sainte-Victoir</a> (1887)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Starry_Night" title="The Starry Night">The Starry Night</a> (1889)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Demoiselles_d%27Avignon" title="Les Demoiselles d'Avignon">Les Demoiselles d'Avignon</a> (1907)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_(Matisse)" title="Dance (Matisse)">The Dance</a> (1909–1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nude_Descending_a_Staircase,_No._2" title="Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2">Nude Descending a Staircase, No. 2</a> (1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Square" title="Black Square">Black Square</a> (1915)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Cabinet_of_Dr._Caligari" title="The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari">The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari</a> (1920)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballet_M%C3%A9canique" title="Ballet Mécanique">Ballet Mécanique</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battleship_Potemkin" title="Battleship Potemkin">Battleship Potemkin</a> (1925)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolis_(1927_film)" title="Metropolis (1927 film)">Metropolis</a> (1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Un_Chien_Andalou" title="Un Chien Andalou">Un Chien Andalou</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villa_Savoye" title="Villa Savoye">Villa Savoye</a> (1931)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fallingwater" title="Fallingwater">Fallingwater</a> (1936)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizen_Kane" title="Citizen Kane">Citizen Kane</a> (1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshes_of_the_Afternoon" title="Meshes of the Afternoon">Meshes of the Afternoon</a> (1943)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Performing_arts" title="Performing arts">Performing arts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modernism_(music)" title="Modernism (music)">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Antheil" title="George Antheil">Antheil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Bart%C3%B3k" title="Béla Bartók">Bartók</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alban_Berg" title="Alban Berg">Berg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luciano_Berio" title="Luciano Berio">Berio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nadia_Boulanger" title="Nadia Boulanger">Boulanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Boulez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Copland" title="Aaron Copland">Copland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Debussy" title="Claude Debussy">Debussy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Dutilleux" title="Henri Dutilleux">Dutilleux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Falla" title="Manuel de Falla">Falla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morton_Feldman" title="Morton Feldman">Feldman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henryk_G%C3%B3recki" title="Henryk Górecki">Górecki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith">Hindemith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Honegger" title="Arthur Honegger">Honegger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Ives" title="Charles Ives">Ives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo%C5%A1_Jan%C3%A1%C4%8Dek" title="Leoš Janáček">Janáček</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti" title="György Ligeti">Ligeti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witold_Lutos%C5%82awski" title="Witold Lutosławski">Lutosławski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_Milhaud" title="Darius Milhaud">Milhaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Nono" title="Luigi Nono">Nono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Partch" title="Harry Partch">Partch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Russolo" title="Luigi Russolo">Russolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Satie" title="Erik Satie">Satie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Schaeffer" title="Pierre Schaeffer">Schaeffer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Schoenberg" title="Arnold Schoenberg">Schoenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Scriabin" title="Alexander Scriabin">Scriabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlheinz_Stockhausen" title="Karlheinz Stockhausen">Stockhausen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Stravinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karol_Szymanowski" title="Karol Szymanowski">Szymanowski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgard_Var%C3%A8se" title="Edgard Varèse">Varèse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heitor_Villa-Lobos" title="Heitor Villa-Lobos">Villa-Lobos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Webern" title="Anton Webern">Webern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Weill" title="Kurt Weill">Weill</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modernist_theatre" title="Modernist theatre">Theatre</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maxwell_Anderson" title="Maxwell Anderson">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Anouilh" title="Jean Anouilh">Anouilh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonin_Artaud" title="Antonin Artaud">Artaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Beckett" title="Samuel Beckett">Beckett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Brecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Chekhov" title="Anton Chekhov">Chekhov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Ibsen" title="Henrik Ibsen">Ibsen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Jarry" title="Alfred Jarry">Jarry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Kaiser" title="Georg Kaiser">Kaiser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Maeterlinck" title="Maurice Maeterlinck">Maeterlinck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Mayakovsky" title="Vladimir Mayakovsky">Mayakovsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Se%C3%A1n_O%27Casey" title="Seán O'Casey">O'Casey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_O%27Neill" title="Eugene O'Neill">O'Neill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Osborne" title="John Osborne">Osborne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Pirandello" title="Luigi Pirandello">Pirandello</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Piscator" title="Erwin Piscator">Piscator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Strindberg" title="August Strindberg">Strindberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Toller" title="Ernst Toller">Toller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Wedekind" title="Frank Wedekind">Wedekind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thornton_Wilder" title="Thornton Wilder">Wilder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanis%C5%82aw_Ignacy_Witkiewicz" title="Stanisław Ignacy Witkiewicz">Witkiewicz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Modern_dance" title="Modern dance">Dance</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Balanchine" title="George Balanchine">Balanchine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merce_Cunningham" title="Merce Cunningham">Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Diaghilev" title="Sergei Diaghilev">Diaghilev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isadora_Duncan" title="Isadora Duncan">Duncan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michel_Fokine" title="Michel Fokine">Fokine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loie_Fuller" title="Loie Fuller">Fuller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martha_Graham" title="Martha Graham">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanya_Holm" title="Hanya Holm">Holm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Laban" class="mw-redirect" title="Rudolf Laban">Laban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9onide_Massine" title="Léonide Massine">Massine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaslav_Nijinsky" title="Vaslav Nijinsky">Nijinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ted_Shawn" title="Ted Shawn">Shawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Sokolow" title="Anna Sokolow">Sokolow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_St._Denis" title="Ruth St. Denis">St. Denis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Tamiris" title="Helen Tamiris">Tamiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grete_Wiesenthal" title="Grete Wiesenthal">Wiesenthal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Wigman" title="Mary Wigman">Wigman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Don_Juan_(Strauss)" title="Don Juan (Strauss)">Don Juan</a> (1888)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubu_Roi" title="Ubu Roi">Ubu Roi</a> (1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verkl%C3%A4rte_Nacht" title="Verklärte Nacht">Verklärte Nacht</a> (1899)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pell%C3%A9as_et_M%C3%A9lisande_(opera)" title="Pelléas et Mélisande (opera)">Pelléas et Mélisande</a> (1902)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salome_(opera)" title="Salome (opera)">Salome</a> (1905)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Firebird" title="The Firebird">The Firebird</a> (1910)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afternoon_of_a_Faun_(Nijinsky)" title="Afternoon of a Faun (Nijinsky)">Afternoon of a Faun</a> (1912)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rite_of_Spring" title="The Rite of Spring">The Rite of Spring</a> (1913)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fountain_(Duchamp)" title="Fountain (Duchamp)">Fountain</a> (1917)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_Characters_in_Search_of_an_Author" title="Six Characters in Search of an Author">Six Characters in Search of an Author</a> (1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Threepenny_Opera" title="The Threepenny Opera">The Threepenny Opera</a> (1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waiting_for_Godot" title="Waiting for Godot">Waiting for Godot</a> (1953)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_modernism" title="American modernism">American modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armory_Show" title="Armory Show">Armory Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">Avant-garde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballets_Russes" title="Ballets Russes">Ballets Russes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomsbury_Group" title="Bloomsbury Group">Bloomsbury Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhist_modernism" title="Buddhist modernism">Buddhist modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_Hollywood_cinema" title="Classical Hollywood cinema">Classical Hollywood cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Degenerate_art" title="Degenerate art">Degenerate art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecomodernism" title="Ecomodernism">Ecomodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Experimental_film" title="Experimental film">Experimental film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Film_noir" title="Film noir">Film noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_dimension_in_art" title="Fourth dimension in art">Fourth dimension in art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_dimension_in_literature" title="Fourth dimension in literature">Fourth dimension in literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grosvenor_School_of_Modern_Art" title="Grosvenor School of Modern Art">Grosvenor School of Modern Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanshinkan_Modernism" title="Hanshinkan Modernism">Hanshinkan Modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_modernism" title="High modernism">High modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Counterculture_of_the_1960s" title="Counterculture of the 1960s">Hippie modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impressionism" title="Impressionism">Impressionism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Impressionism_in_music" title="Impressionism in music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impressionism_(literature)" title="Impressionism (literature)">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-Impressionism" title="Post-Impressionism">Post-</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incoherents" title="Incoherents">Incoherents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Style" title="International Style">International Style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late_modernism" title="Late modernism">Late modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Late_modernity" title="Late modernity">Late modernity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_art_movements" title="List of art movements">List of art movements</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_avant-garde_artists" title="List of avant-garde artists">List of avant-garde artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_modernist_poets" title="List of modernist poets">List of modernist poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximalism" title="Maximalism">Maximalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernity" title="Modernity">Modernity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-primitivism" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-primitivism">Neo-primitivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-romanticism" title="Neo-romanticism">Neo-romanticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Hollywood" title="New Hollywood">New Hollywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Objectivity" title="New Objectivity">New Objectivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetic_realism" title="Poetic realism">Poetic realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulp_noir" title="Pulp noir">Pulp noir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactionary_modernism" title="Reactionary modernism">Reactionary modernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metamodernism" title="Metamodernism">Metamodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remodernism" title="Remodernism">Remodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Viennese_School" title="Second Viennese School">Second Viennese School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_film" title="Structural film">Structural film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Underground_film" title="Underground film">Underground film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgar_auteurism" title="Vulgar auteurism">Vulgar modernism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div style="position:absolute;">← <a href="/wiki/Template:Romanticism" title="Template:Romanticism">Romanticism</a></div> <div style="position:absolute;right:0;"><a href="/wiki/Template:Postmodernism" title="Template:Postmodernism">Postmodernism</a> →</div> <img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /> <a href="/wiki/Category:Modernism" title="Category:Modernism">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152509#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152509#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152509#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/183595228">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4539087-3">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n98074874">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12503046b">France</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12503046b">BnF data</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pop.culture.gouv.fr/notice/joconde/000PE003916">Joconde</a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Le_Déjeuner_sur_l%27herbe&oldid=1255777211">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Le_Déjeuner_sur_l%27herbe&oldid=1255777211</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1863_paintings" title="Category:1863 paintings">1863 paintings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Paintings_in_the_Courtauld_Gallery" title="Category:Paintings in the Courtauld Gallery">Paintings in the Courtauld Gallery</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Paintings_in_the_Mus%C3%A9e_d%27Orsay" title="Category:Paintings in the Musée d'Orsay">Paintings in the Musée d'Orsay</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nude_art" title="Category:Nude art">Nude art</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Paintings_by_%C3%89douard_Manet" title="Category:Paintings by Édouard Manet">Paintings by Édouard Manet</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Obscenity_controversies_in_painting" title="Category:Obscenity controversies in painting">Obscenity controversies in painting</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Food_and_drink_paintings" title="Category:Food and drink paintings">Food and drink paintings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Bathing_in_art" title="Category:Bathing in art">Bathing in art</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Prostitution_in_paintings" title="Category:Prostitution in paintings">Prostitution in paintings</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Works_about_picnics" title="Category:Works about picnics">Works about picnics</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_April_2022" title="Category:Use dmy dates from April 2022">Use dmy dates from April 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_French-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing French-language text">Articles containing French-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_with_French_IPA" title="Category:Pages with French IPA">Pages with French IPA</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_October_2023" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2023">Articles with unsourced statements from October 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases" title="Category:All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases">All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_specifically_marked_weasel-worded_phrases_from_June_2022" title="Category:Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from June 2022">Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from June 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_German-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing German-language text">Articles containing German-language text</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Dutch-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Dutch-language text">Articles containing Dutch-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 6 November 2024, at 16:42 (UTC).</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-sqbd2","wgBackendResponseTime":160,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"1.186","walltime":"1.467","ppvisitednodes":{"value":7266,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":298943,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":13336,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":16,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":5,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":119971,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 1190.749 1 -total"," 25.34% 301.741 1 Template:Reflist"," 17.73% 211.140 2 Template:Infobox"," 17.65% 210.181 1 Template:Infobox_artwork"," 16.52% 196.679 7 Template:Navbox"," 14.16% 168.653 25 Template:Lang"," 13.86% 165.067 8 Template:Cite_book"," 9.25% 110.176 1 Template:Édouard_Manet"," 6.10% 72.626 1 Template:Short_description"," 5.68% 67.656 10 Template:Cite_web"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.673","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":17149387,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFArmstrong1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBoime2007\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFBrombert1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFCANADAY1971\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFFried1996\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFKing2006\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLaessøe2005\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFLocke1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFMcCauley1998\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFTucker1998\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"!\"] = 3,\n [\"Authority control (arts)\"] = 1,\n [\"Circa\"] = 5,\n [\"Citation needed\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite book\"] = 8,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite news\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite web\"] = 10,\n [\"Commons category-inline\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Dejeuner Sur L'Herbe, Le\"] = 1,\n [\"External media\"] = 1,\n [\"IPA\"] = 1,\n [\"ISBN\"] = 3,\n [\"Infobox artwork\"] = 1,\n [\"Lang\"] = 18,\n [\"Modernism\"] = 1,\n [\"Musée d'Orsay\"] = 1,\n [\"Other uses\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 2,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n [\"Use dmy dates\"] = 1,\n [\"Who\"] = 1,\n [\"Édouard Manet\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-vqclb","timestamp":"20241124162726","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Le D\u00e9jeuner sur l'herbe","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Le_D%C3%A9jeuner_sur_l%27herbe","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q152509","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q152509","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-09-13T14:49:57Z","dateModified":"2024-11-06T16:42:43Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/9\/90\/Edouard_Manet_-_Luncheon_on_the_Grass_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg","headline":"painting by \u00c9douard Manet"}</script> </body> </html>