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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Minority concentrated district in West Bengal, India</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/North_24_Parganas" class="mw-redirect" title="North 24 Parganas">North 24 Parganas</a>.</div> <p><b>North 24 Parganas district</b> with 24.22% Muslims (in 2001) has been identified as a <b>minority concentrated district</b> by the Ministry of Minority Affairs, Government of India. 11 districts in West Bengal has been identified as minority concentrated districts, all in Muslim minority category: <a href="/wiki/Murshidabad_district" title="Murshidabad district">Murshidabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malda_district" title="Malda district">Malda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Dinajpur_district" title="Uttar Dinajpur district">Uttar Dinajpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dakshin_Dinajpur_district" title="Dakshin Dinajpur district">Dakshin Dinajpur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Birbhum_district" title="Birbhum district">Birbhum</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nadia_district" title="Nadia district">Nadia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bardhaman_district" title="Bardhaman district">Bardhaman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Howrah_district" title="Howrah district">Howrah</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_24_Parganas_district" title="North 24 Parganas district">North 24 Parganas</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_24_Parganas_district" class="mw-redirect" title="South 24 Parganas district">South 24 Parganas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cooch_Behar_district" title="Cooch Behar district">Cooch Behar</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mcd_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After these districts were identified Bardhaman district has been bifurcated into Purba Bardhaman district and Paschim Bardhaman district. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religion_in_North_24_Parganas">Religion in North 24 Parganas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_24_Parganas:_minority_concentrated_district&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Religion in North 24 Parganas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Given below is an overview of the religion-wise break-up of the population across the subdivisions of North 24 Parganas district, as per <a href="/wiki/2011_Census_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Census of India">2011 census</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-religion2011_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-religion2011-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Subdivision</th> <th>Population<br />(2011)</th> <th>Hindu %</th> <th>Muslim %</th> <th>Christian %</th> <th>Others % </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bangaon_subdivision" title="Bangaon subdivision">Bangaon</a></td> <td>1,063,028</td> <td>85.63</td> <td>13.73</td> <td>0.26</td> <td>0.38 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Barasat_Sadar_subdivision" title="Barasat Sadar subdivision">Barasat Sadar</a></td> <td>2,789,611</td> <td>65.18</td> <td>34.26</td> <td>0.16</td> <td>0.40 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Barrackpore_subdivision" title="Barrackpore subdivision">Barrackpore</a></td> <td>3,668,653</td> <td>88.61</td> <td>10.32</td> <td>0.35</td> <td>0.71 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bidhannagar_subdivision" title="Bidhannagar subdivision">Bidhannagar</a></td> <td>216,609</td> <td>95.26</td> <td>2.56</td> <td>0.45</td> <td>1.73 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Basirhat_subdivision" title="Basirhat subdivision">Basirhat</a></td> <td>2,271,880</td> <td>51.37</td> <td>48.37</td> <td>0.14</td> <td>0.13 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/North_24_Parganas_district" title="North 24 Parganas district">North 24 Parganas district</a></td> <td>10,009,781</td> <td>73.45</td> <td>25.82</td> <td>0.24</td> <td>0.48 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Survey">Survey</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_24_Parganas:_minority_concentrated_district&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Survey"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A baseline survey on religious minority population has been carried out under the aegis of Indian Council of Social Science Research and funded by the Ministry of Minority Affairs. The survey has covered 90 districts in the country. It was carried out on the basis of religion specific socio-economic indicators and basic amenities indicators respectively. The four religion specific socio-economic indicators were: literacy rate, female literacy rate, work participation rate and female work participation rate. The four basic amenities were: percentage of households with <a href="/wiki/Pucca_housing" title="Pucca housing">pucca</a> walls, percentage of households with safe drinking water, percentage of households with electricity and percentage of households with <a href="/wiki/Water_closet" class="mw-redirect" title="Water closet">W/C</a> latrines. 53 districts having both sets of indicators below national average were placed in group ‘A’. The remaining 37 districts with either of the indicator values below national average were placed in group ‘B’. Group B was further divided into two sub-groups – B1 for which religion specific socio-economic indicators were below national average and B2 for which basic amenities indicators were below national average. North 24 Parganas was placed in group B (sub-category B1). The district averages for North 24 Parganas performed poorly for female work participation followed by electrified houses, houses with pucca walls and work participation. In all other parameters the district averages were higher than the corresponding national averages.<sup id="cite_ref-mcd_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The survey report, unfortunately, is not dated, but from the data it uses, it can be identified to have been carried out after 2004 and before 2011. Some highlights from the survey follow. </p><p>83.55% Muslim households on an average had in-house toilet facilities compared to 87.43% for non-Muslim households. However, there was a wide variation across villages. 49.74% Muslim households were electrified compared to 57.82 non-Muslim households. 76.80% Muslim household used wood as primary fuel compared to 69.69% non-Muslim households. Most Muslim or non-Muslim households had access to private/ public hand pumps or tube wells. Usage of tap water was slightly higher for non-Muslims (9.63%) than Muslims (6.72%). In general, the district was well placed in respect of safe drinking water. The average distance traversed for procurement of water was not much and in fact well within half a kilometer for both Muslims and non-Muslims.<sup id="cite_ref-mcd_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Majority of the villages had kutcha houses and 98.7% of Muslim and 96.2% of non-Muslim households owned their houses. Housing condition appeared by and large similar for the Muslim households as compared to non-Muslims, as on average 45.26% of Muslim compared to 44.05% of non-Muslim houses lived in kutcha houses, 37.37% of Muslims and 28.18% of non-Muslims lived in kutcha-pucca houses. Across villages in North 24 Parganas, 16.58% Muslims owned puuca houses, as against 25.89% non-Muslims owning pucca houses.<sup id="cite_ref-mcd_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Of the many glaring facts, one should begin with the level of illiteracy among Muslim households that stood at 23.1% for the male and 24.86% for the female. Of the rest of the Muslims who were deemed literate, the percentage of below primary educated male was 25.66 and female was 24.29. The percentage steadily dwindled as one went higher up beyond primary level till the secondary level (Male 4.13% and Female 4.88%). The situation was not appreciably better for non-Muslim households, where literacy level was definitely higher, but secondary school going percentage for male was 8.96 and female was 6.48. Among the Muslims 1.82% males and 0.68% females were graduates, compared to 4.90% for males and 2.28% for females among non-Muslims. Despite the fact that distance wise, most Muslim (65.91%) and non-Muslims (59%) households found the school almost in the neighbourhood within a distance of 1 km, continuation of education at school level became infeasible at a very early stage owing to the high <a href="/wiki/Opportunity_cost" title="Opportunity cost">opportunity cost</a> of being in school. The next best alternative to attending school was to go out for work and earn for the family. The survey opined that <a href="/wiki/Midday_meal_scheme" class="mw-redirect" title="Midday meal scheme">mid-day meal</a> alone could not address the problem of high rate of school drop-out.<sup id="cite_ref-mcd_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The survey found that people were more dependent on government <a href="/wiki/Primary_Health_Centre_(India)" title="Primary Health Centre (India)">health centres</a> or hospitals for availing health facilities. However, both the communities also went to the quacks. It was often the case that sub-PHCs were not available within respective panchayats. The consequence of this inaccessibility was strongly reflected in the high average incidence of childbirth at home (61.78% of Muslim households and 29.73% of non-Muslim households) with the help of sometimes trained but largely untrained midwives. The vaccination programmes had run rather successfully and over 80 percent of families, over the religious divide, were covered. In fact, the Muslim community projected no less participation compared to other communities. Regarding vaccination of children under the age of five, over 80 per cent of all communities had been covered, while those who did not participate in the programme, were mainly owing to lack of awareness.<sup id="cite_ref-mcd_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It may be mentioned that the success of government sponsored development schemes strongly depend on the level of awareness and hence the participation in using such facilities. The popularity of the <a href="/wiki/National_Rural_Employment_Generation_Scheme" class="mw-redirect" title="National Rural Employment Generation Scheme">NREGS</a> with ready source of income and cash flow seemed to receive the highest attention despite longer-term benefits associated with many other schemes already in operation. Even in the case of NREGS, across communities over 80% were aware about the NREGS but a moderate section of that (around 30%) had benefited. Around 53.8% of the villages had commercial banks and 63.16% had agricultural credit societies within 5 km while percentage of co-operative banks within 5 km was 21.43%. The level of indebtedness was high among both communities, exceeding 35% of the households surveyed. There was clear indication that the source was still the traditional moneylenders charging high rates of interest and more than one-third of respondents in either community had used this source at some point. Of the families surveyed around a third of both the Muslims and non-Muslims had <a href="/wiki/Below_Poverty_Line_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Below Poverty Line (India)">BPL</a> ration cards. More than 65% of the Muslims and over 60% of the non-Muslims reported the <a href="/wiki/Public_distribution_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Public distribution system">public distribution system</a> to be inefficient, either in terms of inadequacy, inferior quality, less in amount, irregularity and so on.<sup id="cite_ref-mcd_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mcd-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_24_Parganas:_minority_concentrated_district&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mcd-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mcd_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mcd_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mcd_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mcd_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mcd_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mcd_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mcd_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160327223622/http://www.icssr.org/north_24_pgs_mcd_report_final.pdf">"Minority Concentration District Project: North 24 Parganas, West Bengal"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Centre for Studies in Social Sciences, Calcutta. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.icssr.org/North_24_Pgs_MCD_Report_Final.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Minority+Concentration+District+Project%3A+North+24+Parganas%2C+West+Bengal&rft.pub=Centre+for+Studies+in+Social+Sciences%2C+Calcutta&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.icssr.org%2FNorth_24_Pgs_MCD_Report_Final.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorth+24+Parganas%3A+minority+concentrated+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-religion2011-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-religion2011_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/c-01.html">"Population by Religious Community"</a>. <i>West Bengal - North 24 Parganas</i>. Registrar General and Census Commissioner, Government of India<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=West+Bengal+-+North+24+Parganas&rft.atitle=Population+by+Religious+Community&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.censusindia.gov.in%2F2011census%2Fc-01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANorth+24+Parganas%3A+minority+concentrated+district" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:North_24_Parganas_topics" title="Template:North 24 Parganas topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:North_24_Parganas_topics" title="Template talk:North 24 Parganas topics"><abbr title="Discuss this 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href="/wiki/Air_Force_Station_Kanchrapara" title="Air Force Station Kanchrapara">Air Force Station Kanchrapara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marichjhanpi" title="Marichjhanpi">Marichjhanpi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundarbans_Reserve_Forest" class="mw-redirect" title="Sundarbans Reserve Forest">Sundarbans Reserve Forest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundarbans_National_Park" title="Sundarbans National Park">Sundarban National Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kripamayee_Kali_Temple" title="Kripamayee Kali Temple">Kripamayee Kali Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baranagar_Math" title="Baranagar Math">Baranagar Math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alambazar_Math" title="Alambazar Math">Alambazar Math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baranagore_Ramakrishna_Mission_Ashrama_High_School" title="Baranagore Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama High School">Baranagore Ramakrishna Mission Ashrama High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandraketugarh" title="Chandraketugarh">Chandraketugarh</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">North 24 Parganas: minority concentrated district</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subdivisions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangaon_subdivision" title="Bangaon subdivision">Bangaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrackpore_subdivision" title="Barrackpore subdivision">Barrackpore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barasat_Sadar_subdivision" title="Barasat Sadar subdivision">Barasat Sadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basirhat_subdivision" title="Basirhat subdivision">Basirhat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidhannagar_subdivision" title="Bidhannagar subdivision">Bidhannagar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Municipalities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashoknagar_Kalyangarh" title="Ashoknagar Kalyangarh">Ashoknagar Kalyangarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baduria" title="Baduria">Baduria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baranagar" title="Baranagar">Baranagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barasat" title="Barasat">Barasat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrackpore" title="Barrackpore">Barrackpore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basirhat" title="Basirhat">Basirhat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhatpara" title="Bhatpara">Bhatpara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidhannagar" title="Bidhannagar">Bidhannagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garulia" title="Garulia">Garulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gobardanga" title="Gobardanga">Gobardanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habra" title="Habra">Habra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halisahar" title="Halisahar">Halisahar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamarhati" title="Kamarhati">Kamarhati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanchrapara" title="Kanchrapara">Kanchrapara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khardaha" title="Khardaha">Khardaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhyamgram" title="Madhyamgram">Madhyamgram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naihati" title="Naihati">Naihati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Barrackpur" title="North Barrackpur">North Barrackpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Dum_Dum" title="North Dum Dum">North Dum Dum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panihati" title="Panihati">Panihati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajarhat" title="Rajarhat">Rajarhat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Dum_Dum" title="South Dum Dum">South Dum Dum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taki_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Taki (India)">Taki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titagarh" title="Titagarh">Titagarh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Community_development_blocks_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Community development blocks in India">Community development blocks</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Barasat_Sadar_subdivision" title="Barasat Sadar subdivision">Barasat Sadar subdivision</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amdanga" title="Amdanga">Amdanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deganga" title="Deganga">Deganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barasat_I" title="Barasat I">Barasat I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barasat_II" title="Barasat II">Barasat II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habra_I" title="Habra I">Habra I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habra_II" title="Habra II">Habra II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajarhat_(community_development_block)" title="Rajarhat (community development block)">Rajarhat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Basirhat_subdivision" title="Basirhat subdivision">Basirhat subdivision</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baduria_(community_development_block)" title="Baduria (community development block)">Baduria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basirhat_I" title="Basirhat I">Basirhat I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basirhat_II" title="Basirhat II">Basirhat II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haroa_(community_development_block)" title="Haroa (community development block)">Haroa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasnabad_(community_development_block)" title="Hasnabad (community development block)">Hasnabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hingalganj" title="Hingalganj">Hingalganj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minakhan" title="Minakhan">Minakhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandeshkhali_I" title="Sandeshkhali I">Sandeshkhali I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandeshkhali_II" title="Sandeshkhali II">Sandeshkhali II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarupnagar" title="Swarupnagar">Swarupnagar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bangaon_subdivision" title="Bangaon subdivision">Bangaon subdivision</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagdah_(community_development_block)" title="Bagdah (community development block)">Bagdah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangaon_(community_development_block)" title="Bangaon (community development block)">Bangaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaighata" title="Gaighata">Gaighata</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Barrackpore_subdivision" title="Barrackpore subdivision">Barrackpore subdivision</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barrackpore_I" title="Barrackpore I">Barrackpore I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrackpore_II" title="Barrackpore II">Barrackpore II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bidyadhari_River" title="Bidyadhari River">Bidyadhari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hariabhanga_River" title="Hariabhanga River">Hariabhanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooghly_River" title="Hooghly River">Hooghly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichamati_River" title="Ichamati River">Ichhamati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalindi_River" title="Kalindi River">Kalindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raimangal_River" title="Raimangal River">Raimangal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamuna_River_(West_Bengal)" title="Jamuna River (West Bengal)">Jamuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_12_(India)" title="National Highway 12 (India)">NH 12</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Highway_112_(India)" title="National Highway 112 (India)">NH 112</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belghoria_Expressway" title="Belghoria Expressway">Belghoria Expressway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalyani_Expressway" title="Kalyani Expressway">Kalyani Expressway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrackpore_Trunk_Road" title="Barrackpore Trunk Road">Barrackpore Trunk Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jubilee_Bridge_(India)" title="Jubilee Bridge (India)">Jubilee Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivekananda_Setu" title="Vivekananda Setu">Vivekananda Setu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nivedita_Setu" title="Nivedita Setu">Nivedita Setu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netaji_Subhas_Chandra_Bose_International_Airport" title="Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport">Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barasat%E2%80%93Basirhat_light_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Barasat–Basirhat light railway">Barasat–Basirhat light railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Railway_zone" title="Eastern Railway zone">Eastern Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolkata_Suburban_Railway" title="Kolkata Suburban Railway">Kolkata Suburban Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sealdah%E2%80%93Ranaghat_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Sealdah–Ranaghat line">Sealdah–Ranaghat line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sealdah%E2%80%93Hasnabad%E2%80%93Bangaon%E2%80%93Ranaghat_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Sealdah–Hasnabad–Bangaon–Ranaghat line">Sealdah–Hasnabad–Bangaon–Ranaghat line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalgola_and_Gede_branch_lines" class="mw-redirect" title="Lalgola and Gede branch lines">Lalgola and Gede branch lines</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Railway stations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Baranagar_Road_railway_station" title="Baranagar Road railway station"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Baranagar_Road_railway_station.jpg/50px-Baranagar_Road_railway_station.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Baranagar_Road_railway_station.jpg/75px-Baranagar_Road_railway_station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Baranagar_Road_railway_station.jpg/100px-Baranagar_Road_railway_station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangaon_Junction_railway_station" title="Bangaon Junction railway station">Bangaon Junction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barasat_Junction_railway_station" title="Barasat Junction railway station">Barasat Junction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrackpore_railway_station" title="Barrackpore railway station">Barrackpore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dum_Dum_Junction_railway_station" title="Dum Dum Junction railway station">Dum Dum Junction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasnabad_railway_station" title="Hasnabad railway station">Hasnabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kankinara_railway_station" title="Kankinara railway station">Kankinara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhyamgram_railway_station" title="Madhyamgram railway station">Madhyamgram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naihati_Junction_railway_station" title="Naihati Junction railway station">Naihati Junction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baranagar_Road_railway_station" title="Baranagar Road railway station">Baranagar Road</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutes of higher learning</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Narula_Institute_of_Technology" title="Narula Institute of Technology"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Narula_Institute_of_Technology_%28NiT%29.jpg/50px-Narula_Institute_of_Technology_%28NiT%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Narula_Institute_of_Technology_%28NiT%29.jpg/75px-Narula_Institute_of_Technology_%28NiT%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Narula_Institute_of_Technology_%28NiT%29.jpg/100px-Narula_Institute_of_Technology_%28NiT%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1079" data-file-height="614" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <li><a href="/wiki/Adamas_University" title="Adamas University">Adamas University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amity_University,_Kolkata" title="Amity University, Kolkata">Amity University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brainware_University" title="Brainware University">Brainware University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narula_Institute_of_Technology" title="Narula Institute of Technology">Narula Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camellia_Institute_of_Technology" title="Camellia Institute of Technology">Camellia Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Nanak_Institute_of_Technology" title="Guru Nanak Institute of Technology">Guru Nanak Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harichand_Guruchand_University" title="Harichand Guruchand University">Harichand Guruchand University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JIS_University" title="JIS University">JIS University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Statistical_Institute" title="Indian Statistical Institute">Indian Statistical Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maulana_Abul_Kalam_Azad_University_of_Technology" title="Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology">Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno_India_University" title="Techno India University">Techno India University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Engineering_%26_Management_(UEM),_Kolkata" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Engineering & Management (UEM), Kolkata">University of Engineering & Management (UEM), Kolkata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramakrishna_Mission_Vivekananda_Centenary_College" title="Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College">Vivekananda Centenary College</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rahara,_Kolkata" title="Rahara, Kolkata">Rahara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal_State_University" title="West Bengal State University">West Bengal State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal_University_of_Health_Sciences" title="West Bengal University of Health Sciences">West Bengal University of Health Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bengal_National_University_of_Juridical_Sciences" title="West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences">West Bengal National University of Juridical Sciences</a></li></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lok Sabha constituencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <li><a href="/wiki/Bongaon_Lok_Sabha_constituency" class="mw-redirect" title="Bongaon Lok Sabha constituency">Bangaon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrackpore_Lok_Sabha_constituency" title="Barrackpore Lok Sabha constituency">Barrackpore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barasat_Lok_Sabha_constituency" title="Barasat Lok Sabha constituency">Barasat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basirhat_Lok_Sabha_constituency" title="Basirhat Lok Sabha constituency">Basirhat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dum_Dum_Lok_Sabha_constituency" title="Dum Dum Lok Sabha constituency">Dum Dum</a></li> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vidhan Sabha constituencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagdah_Assembly_constituency" title="Bagdah Assembly constituency">Bagdah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangaon_Uttar" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangaon Uttar">Bangaon Uttar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangaon_Dakshin" class="mw-redirect" title="Bangaon Dakshin">Bangaon Dakshin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaighata_Assembly_constituency" title="Gaighata Assembly constituency">Gaighata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarupnagar_Assembly_constituency" title="Swarupnagar Assembly constituency">Swarupnagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baduria_Assembly_constituency" title="Baduria Assembly constituency">Baduria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habra_Assembly_constituency" title="Habra Assembly constituency">Habra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashoknagar_Assembly_constituency" title="Ashoknagar Assembly constituency">Ashoknagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amdanga_Assembly_constituency" title="Amdanga Assembly constituency">Amdanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bijpur_Assembly_constituency" title="Bijpur Assembly constituency">Bijpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naihati_Assembly_constituency" title="Naihati Assembly constituency">Naihati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhatpara_Assembly_constituency" title="Bhatpara Assembly constituency">Bhatpara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagatdal_Assembly_constituency" title="Jagatdal Assembly constituency">Jagatdal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noapara_Assembly_constituency" title="Noapara Assembly constituency">Noapara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrackpur_Assembly_constituency" title="Barrackpur Assembly constituency">Barrackpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khardaha_Assembly_constituency" title="Khardaha Assembly constituency">Khardaha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dum_Dum_Uttar_Assembly_constituency" title="Dum Dum Uttar Assembly constituency">Dum Dum Uttar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panihati_Assembly_constituency" title="Panihati Assembly constituency">Panihati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamarhati_Assembly_constituency" title="Kamarhati Assembly constituency">Kamarhati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baranagar_Assembly_constituency" title="Baranagar Assembly constituency">Baranagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dum_Dum_Assembly_constituency" title="Dum Dum Assembly constituency">Dum Dum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajarhat_New_Town_Assembly_constituency" title="Rajarhat New Town Assembly constituency">Rajarhat New Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bidhannagar_Assembly_constituency" title="Bidhannagar Assembly constituency">Bidhannagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajarhat_Gopalpur_Assembly_constituency" title="Rajarhat Gopalpur Assembly constituency">Rajarhat Gopalpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madhyamgram_Assembly_constituency" title="Madhyamgram Assembly constituency">Madhyamgram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barasat_Assembly_constituency" title="Barasat Assembly constituency">Barasat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deganga_Assembly_constituency" title="Deganga Assembly constituency">Deganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haroa_Assembly_constituency" title="Haroa Assembly constituency">Haroa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minakhan_Assembly_constituency" title="Minakhan Assembly constituency">Minakhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandeshkhali_Assembly_constituency" title="Sandeshkhali Assembly constituency">Sandeshkhali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basirhat_Dakshin_Assembly_constituency" title="Basirhat Dakshin Assembly constituency">Basirhat Dakshin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basirhat_Uttar_Assembly_constituency" title="Basirhat Uttar Assembly constituency">Basirhat Uttar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hingalganj_Assembly_constituency" title="Hingalganj Assembly constituency">Hingalganj</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former Vidhan Sabha constituencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Titagarh_Assembly_constituency" title="Titagarh Assembly constituency">Titagarh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasnabad_Assembly_constituency" title="Hasnabad Assembly constituency">Hasnabad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:North_24_Parganas_District" title="Template:North 24 Parganas District">Cities, towns and locations in North 24 Parganas district</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_North_24_Parganas_district" title="Category:People from North 24 Parganas district">People from North 24 Parganas district</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North_24_Parganas:_minority_concentrated_district&oldid=1254193041">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=North_24_Parganas:_minority_concentrated_district&oldid=1254193041</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Minority_concentrated_districts_in_West_Bengal" title="Category:Minority 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