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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Balash</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 37 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-37" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">37 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%AF%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="بلاش بن يزدجرد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بلاش بن يزدجرد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4_(%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C)" title="بلاش (شاهنشاه ساسانی) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بلاش (شاهنشاه ساسانی)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balash" title="Balash – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Balash" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88_(%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96)" title="Балаш (цар персідскі) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Балаш (цар персідскі)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Балаш – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Балаш" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balash" title="Balash – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Balash" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valga%C5%A1" title="Valgaš – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Valgaš" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balasch" title="Balasch – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Balasch" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%82_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Βάλας της Περσίας – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βάλας της Περσίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balash" title="Balash – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Balash" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4_(%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C)" title="بلاش (شاهنشاه ساسانی) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بلاش (شاهنشاه ساسانی)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valash" title="Valash – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Valash" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B0%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%8B%9C_(%EC%82%AC%EC%82%B0_%EC%83%A4%ED%95%9C%EC%83%A4)" title="발라시 (사산 샤한샤) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="발라시 (사산 샤한샤)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bala%C5%A1" title="Balaš – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Balaš" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balash" title="Balash – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Balash" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balash" title="Balash – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Balash" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98" title="ბალაში – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბალაში" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bal%C3%A1s_sz%C3%A1sz%C3%A1nida_kir%C3%A1ly" title="Balás szászánida király – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Balás szászánida király" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D9%8A%D8%B2%D8%AF%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="بلاش بن يزدجرد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بلاش بن يزدجرد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4_(%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C)" title="ولاش (ساسانی) – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="ولاش (ساسانی)" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valash" title="Valash – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Valash" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%90%E3%83%A9%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A5" title="バラーシュ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="バラーシュ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balash_av_Persia" title="Balash av Persia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Balash av Persia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4" title="بلاش – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بلاش" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balasz" title="Balasz – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Balasz" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balas" title="Balas – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Balas" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88_(%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%85)" title="Балаш (шахиншах) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Балаш (шахиншах)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valga%C5%A1" title="Valgaš – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Valgaš" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bala%C5%A1" title="Balaš – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Balaš" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bala%C5%A1" title="Balaš – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Balaš" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balash" title="Balash – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Balash" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88_(%D1%88%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%88%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D0%A1%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BD%D3%A3)" title="Балош (шоҳаншоҳи Сосонӣ) – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Балош (шоҳаншоҳи Сосонӣ)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bel%C3%A2%C5%9F" title="Belâş – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Belâş" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88" title="Балаш – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Балаш" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B4_%D8%A8%D9%86_%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%AF%DA%AF%D8%B1%D8%AF" title="بلاش بن یزدگرد – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بلاش بن یزدگرد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bala%C5%9F" title="Balaş – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Balaş" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%89%E4%BB%80" title="巴拉什 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="巴拉什" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q313612#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav 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color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Balash<br /><span title="Middle Persian-language text"><span lang="pal" dir="rtl">𐭥𐭥𐭣𐭠𐭧𐭱𐭩</span></span></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><i><a href="/wiki/King_of_Kings_of_Iran_and_non-Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Kings of Iran and non-Iran">King of Kings of Iran and non-Iran</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Coin_of_the_Sasanian_king_Balash_from_Susa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Coin_of_the_Sasanian_king_Balash_from_Susa.jpg/220px-Coin_of_the_Sasanian_king_Balash_from_Susa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Coin_of_the_Sasanian_king_Balash_from_Susa.jpg/330px-Coin_of_the_Sasanian_king_Balash_from_Susa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Coin_of_the_Sasanian_king_Balash_from_Susa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="393" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_drachma" title="Ancient drachma">Drachma</a> of Balash, minted in <a href="/wiki/Susa" title="Susa">Susa</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_shahanshahs_of_the_Sasanian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="List of shahanshahs of the Sasanian Empire">Shahanshah</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Sasanian Empire</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">484–488</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Peroz_I" title="Peroz I">Peroz I</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kavad_I" title="Kavad I">Kavad I</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">Unknown</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Sasan" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Sasan">House of Sasan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yazdegerd_II" title="Yazdegerd II">Yazdegerd II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Balash</b> (<a href="/wiki/Middle_Persian" title="Middle Persian">Middle Persian</a>: 𐭥𐭥𐭣𐭠𐭧𐭱𐭩, <span title="Middle Persian-language romanization"><i lang="pal-Latn">Wardākhsh/Walākhsh</i></span>) was the <a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Sasanian</a> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Kings" title="King of Kings">King of Kings</a> of <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a> from 484 to 488. He was the brother and successor of <a href="/wiki/Peroz_I" title="Peroz I">Peroz I</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 459–484</span>), who had been <a href="/wiki/Hephthalite%E2%80%93Sasanian_War_of_484" title="Hephthalite–Sasanian War of 484">defeated and killed</a> by a <a href="/wiki/Hephthalite" class="mw-redirect" title="Hephthalite">Hephthalite</a> army. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Balash&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Balāsh</i> (<span title="Persian-language text"><span lang="fa" dir="rtl">بلاش</span></span>) is the <a href="/wiki/New_Persian" title="New Persian">New Persian</a> form of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Persian" title="Middle Persian">Middle Persian</a> <i>Wardākhsh/Walākhsh</i> (<a href="/wiki/Inscriptional_Pahlavi" title="Inscriptional Pahlavi">Inscriptional Pahlavi</a>: <span title="Middle Persian-language text"><span lang="pal" dir="rtl">𐭥‎𐭥‎𐭣𐭠‎𐭧𐭱𐭩</span></span> wrdʾḥšy; late <a href="/wiki/Book_Pahlavi" class="mw-redirect" title="Book Pahlavi">Book Pahlavi</a> forms gwlḥš- <i>Gulakhsh-</i> and <i>Gulāsh-</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The etymology of the name is unclear, although <a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Justi" title="Ferdinand Justi">Ferdinand Justi</a> proposes that <i>Walagaš</i>, the first form of the name, is a compound of words "strength" (<i>varəda</i>), and "handsome" (<i>gaš</i> or <i>geš</i> in Modern Persian).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChaumontSchippmann1988574–580_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChaumontSchippmann1988574–580-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Greek forms of his name are <i>Blases</i> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Βλάσης</span></span>) and <i>Balas</i> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">Βάλας</span></span>).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reign">Reign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Balash&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Reign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 484, <a href="/wiki/Peroz_I" title="Peroz I">Peroz I</a> (<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 459–484</span>) was <a href="/wiki/Hephthalite%E2%80%93Sasanian_War_of_484" title="Hephthalite–Sasanian War of 484">defeated and killed</a> by a <a href="/wiki/Hephthalite" class="mw-redirect" title="Hephthalite">Hephthalite</a><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> army near <a href="/wiki/Balkh" title="Balkh">Balkh</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonough2011305_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcDonough2011305-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchindel2013136–141_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchindel2013136–141-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His army was completely destroyed, and his body was never found.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPayne2015287_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPayne2015287-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Four of his sons and brothers had also died.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPotts2018295_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPotts2018295-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The main Sasanian cities of the eastern region of <a href="/wiki/Greater_Khorasan" title="Greater Khorasan">Khorasan</a>−<a href="/wiki/Nishapur" title="Nishapur">Nishapur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herat" title="Herat">Herat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Merv" title="Merv">Marw</a> were now under Hephthalite rule.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchindel2013136–141_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchindel2013136–141-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sukhra" title="Sukhra">Sukhra</a>, a member of the Parthian <a href="/wiki/House_of_Karen" title="House of Karen">House of Karen</a>, one of the <a href="/wiki/Seven_Great_Houses_of_Iran" title="Seven Great Houses of Iran">Seven Great Houses of Iran</a>, quickly raised a new force and stopped the Hephthalites from achieving further success.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPayne2015288_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPayne2015288-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Peroz' brother, Balash, was elected as shah by the Iranian magnates, most notably Sukhra and the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Mihran" title="House of Mihran">Mihranid</a> general <a href="/wiki/Shapur_Mihran" title="Shapur Mihran">Shapur Mihran</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShahbazi2005_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEShahbazi2005-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Immediately after ascending the throne, Balash sought peace with the Hephthalites, which cost the Sasanians a heavy tribute. Little is known about Balash, but he is perceived by eastern sources as a mild and tolerant ruler. He was very tolerant of <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a>, which earned him a reputation among Christian authors, who described him as a mild and generous monarch. Nevertheless, it would seem that Balash was only a nominee of the powerful nobleman and <i><a href="/wiki/De_facto" title="De facto">de facto</a></i> ruler Sukhra.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchindel2013136–141_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESchindel2013136–141-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the announcement of the death of Peroz, the Iranian nobles of <a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Armenia" title="Sasanian Armenia">Sasanian Armenia</a>, including the prominent nobleman Shapur Mihran, had become eager to go to the Sasanian capital of <a href="/wiki/Ctesiphon" title="Ctesiphon">Ctesiphon</a> to elect a new sovereign. This had allowed the <a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenians</a> under <a href="/wiki/Vahan_Mamikonian" class="mw-redirect" title="Vahan Mamikonian">Vahan Mamikonian</a> to proclaim independence from the Sasanians. Given the situation of the weakness in Iran, Balash did not send an army to fight the rebels, which forced him to <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Nvarsak" title="Treaty of Nvarsak">conclude peace</a> with the Armenians. The conditions of the peace were: all existing fire-altars in Armenia should be destroyed and no new ones should be constructed;<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye1983149_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye1983149-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Armenia" class="mw-redirect" title="Christianity in Armenia">Christians</a> in Armenia should have freedom of worship and conversions to <a href="/wiki/Zoroastrianism" title="Zoroastrianism">Zoroastrianism</a> should be stopped:<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye1983149_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye1983149-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> land should not be allotted to people who convert to Zoroastrianism; the Iranian shah should, in person, administer Armenia and through the aid of governors or deputies.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye1983149_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye1983149-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 485, Balash appointed Vahan Mamikonian as the <i><a href="/wiki/Marzban" title="Marzban">marzban</a></i> of Armenia. A few months later, a son of Peroz named <a href="/wiki/Zarer" title="Zarer">Zarer</a> rose in rebellion. Balash, with the aid of the Armenians, put down the rebellion, captured and killed him.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye1983149_14-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye1983149-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 488, Balash, who was an unpopular figure among the nobility and clergy, was deposed after a reign of just four years.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChaumontSchippmann1988574–580_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChaumontSchippmann1988574–580-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sukhra played a main role in Balash's deposition,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChaumontSchippmann1988574–580_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEChaumontSchippmann1988574–580-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and appointed Peroz's son Kavad as the new shah of Iran.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPourshariati200878_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPourshariati200878-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Balash&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Also spelled "King of Kings of Iranians and non-Iranians".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Hephthalites were a tribal group that was most prominent of the "<a href="/wiki/Iranian_Huns" title="Iranian Huns">Iranian Huns</a>".<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERezakhani2017145_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERezakhani2017145-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the second half of the 5th-century, they controlled <a href="/wiki/Tukharistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tukharistan">Tukharistan</a> and also seemingly chunks of southern <a href="/wiki/Transoxiana" title="Transoxiana">Transoxiana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaryaeeRezakhani2017163_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaryaeeRezakhani2017163-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Balash&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFPetersAl-Zwaini1972" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Peters, Rudolph; Al-Zwaini, Laila (1972). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PBIVAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA71"><i>Handbuch Der Orientalistik</i></a> (in German). Brill Archive. p. 71.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbuch+Der+Orientalistik&rft.pages=71&rft.pub=Brill+Archive&rft.date=1972&rft.aulast=Peters&rft.aufirst=Rudolph&rft.au=Al-Zwaini%2C+Laila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPBIVAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA71&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABalash" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEChaumontSchippmann1988574–580-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChaumontSchippmann1988574–580_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChaumontSchippmann1988574–580_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEChaumontSchippmann1988574–580_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFChaumontSchippmann1988">Chaumont & Schippmann 1988</a>, pp. 574–580.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYarshater1983" class="citation book cs1">Yarshater, Ehsan (1983). <i>The Cambridge History of Iran</i>. Cambridge University Press. p. 178. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521200929" title="Special:BookSources/9780521200929"><bdi>9780521200929</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Iran&rft.pages=178&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=9780521200929&rft.aulast=Yarshater&rft.aufirst=Ehsan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABalash" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERezakhani2017145-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERezakhani2017145_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRezakhani2017">Rezakhani 2017</a>, p. 145.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDaryaeeRezakhani2017163-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDaryaeeRezakhani2017163_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDaryaeeRezakhani2017">Daryaee & Rezakhani 2017</a>, p. 163.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcDonough2011305-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcDonough2011305_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcDonough2011">McDonough 2011</a>, p. 305.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESchindel2013136–141-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchindel2013136–141_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchindel2013136–141_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESchindel2013136–141_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSchindel2013">Schindel 2013</a>, pp. 136–141.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPayne2015287-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPayne2015287_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPayne2015">Payne 2015</a>, p. 287.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPotts2018295-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPotts2018295_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPotts2018">Potts 2018</a>, p. 295.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPayne2015288-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPayne2015288_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPayne2015">Payne 2015</a>, p. 288.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEShahbazi2005-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEShahbazi2005_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFShahbazi2005">Shahbazi 2005</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFrye1983149-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye1983149_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye1983149_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye1983149_14-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFrye1983149_14-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFrye1983">Frye 1983</a>, p. 149.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPourshariati200878-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPourshariati200878_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPourshariati2008">Pourshariati 2008</a>, p. 78.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Balash&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPayne2015" class="citation book cs1">Payne, Richard (2015). "The Reinvention of Iran: The Sasanian Empire and the Huns". In Maas, Michael (ed.). <i>The Cambridge Companion to the Age of Attila</i>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 282–299. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-107-63388-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-107-63388-9"><bdi>978-1-107-63388-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Reinvention+of+Iran%3A+The+Sasanian+Empire+and+the+Huns&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+Companion+to+the+Age+of+Attila&rft.pages=282-299&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-1-107-63388-9&rft.aulast=Payne&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABalash" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPotts2018" class="citation book cs1">Potts, Daniel T. (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/empires-and-exchanges-in-eurasian-late-antiquity/4E63CF99C760BDCF906093F021984D34">"Sasanian Iran and its northeastern frontier"</a>. In Mass, Michael; Di Cosmo, Nicola (eds.). <i>Empires and Exchanges in Eurasian Late Antiquity</i>. Cambridge University Press. pp. 1–538. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781316146040" title="Special:BookSources/9781316146040"><bdi>9781316146040</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sasanian+Iran+and+its+northeastern+frontier&rft.btitle=Empires+and+Exchanges+in+Eurasian+Late+Antiquity&rft.pages=1-538&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9781316146040&rft.aulast=Potts&rft.aufirst=Daniel+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fbooks%2Fempires-and-exchanges-in-eurasian-late-antiquity%2F4E63CF99C760BDCF906093F021984D34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABalash" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPourshariati2008" class="citation book cs1">Pourshariati, Parvaneh (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=I-xtAAAAMAAJ"><i>Decline and Fall of the Sasanian Empire: The Sasanian-Parthian Confederacy and the Arab Conquest of Iran</i></a>. London and New York: I.B. Tauris. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-645-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84511-645-3"><bdi>978-1-84511-645-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Decline+and+Fall+of+the+Sasanian+Empire%3A+The+Sasanian-Parthian+Confederacy+and+the+Arab+Conquest+of+Iran&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.pub=I.B.+Tauris&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-1-84511-645-3&rft.aulast=Pourshariati&rft.aufirst=Parvaneh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DI-xtAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABalash" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchindel2013" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Schindel, Nikolaus (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/kawad-i-reign">"Kawād I i. Reign"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Ehsan_Yarshater" title="Ehsan Yarshater">Yarshater, Ehsan</a> (ed.). <i>Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume XVI/2: Kassites–Kégl, Sándor</i>. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 136–141. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-934283-39-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-934283-39-4"><bdi>978-1-934283-39-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Kaw%C4%81d+I+i.+Reign&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica%2C+Volume+XVI%2F2%3A+Kassites%E2%80%93K%C3%A9gl%2C+S%C3%A1ndor&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.pages=136-141&rft.pub=Routledge+%26+Kegan+Paul&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-1-934283-39-4&rft.aulast=Schindel&rft.aufirst=Nikolaus&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fkawad-i-reign&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABalash" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShahbazi2005" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Shahbazi, A. Shapur (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/sasanian-dynasty">"Sasanian dynasty"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Ehsan_Yarshater" title="Ehsan Yarshater">Yarshater, Ehsan</a> (ed.). <i>Encyclopædia Iranica, Online Edition</i>. Encyclopædia Iranica Foundation.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Sasanian+dynasty&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica%2C+Online+Edition&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica+Foundation&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Shahbazi&rft.aufirst=A.+Shapur&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fsasanian-dynasty&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABalash" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrye1983" class="citation book cs1">Frye, R. N. (1983). "The political history of Iran under the Sasanians". In <a href="/wiki/Ehsan_Yarshater" title="Ehsan Yarshater">Yarshater, Ehsan</a> (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ko_RafMSGLkC"><i>The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 3(1): The Seleucid, Parthian and Sasanian Periods</i></a>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_University_Press" title="Cambridge University Press">Cambridge University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-20092-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-20092-X"><bdi>0-521-20092-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+political+history+of+Iran+under+the+Sasanians&rft.btitle=The+Cambridge+History+of+Iran%2C+Volume+3%281%29%3A+The+Seleucid%2C+Parthian+and+Sasanian+Periods&rft.place=Cambridge&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=0-521-20092-X&rft.aulast=Frye&rft.aufirst=R.+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DKo_RafMSGLkC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABalash" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaryaee2009" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Touraj_Daryaee" title="Touraj Daryaee">Daryaee, Touraj</a> (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LU0BAwAAQBAJ"><i>Sasanian Persia: The Rise and Fall of an Empire</i></a>. I.B.Tauris. pp. 1–240. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0857716668" title="Special:BookSources/978-0857716668"><bdi>978-0857716668</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sasanian+Persia%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+an+Empire&rft.pages=1-240&rft.pub=I.B.Tauris&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0857716668&rft.aulast=Daryaee&rft.aufirst=Touraj&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLU0BAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABalash" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChaumontSchippmann1988" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Chaumont, M. L.; Schippmann, K. (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/balas-proper-name#Sasanianking">"Balāš, Sasanian king of kings"</a>. In <a href="/wiki/Ehsan_Yarshater" title="Ehsan Yarshater">Yarshater, Ehsan</a> (ed.). <i>Encyclopædia Iranica, Volume III/6: Baḵtīārī tribe II–Banān</i>. London and New York: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 574–580. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-71009-118-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-71009-118-5"><bdi>978-0-71009-118-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Bal%C4%81%C5%A1%2C+Sasanian+king+of+kings&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Iranica%2C+Volume+III%2F6%3A+Ba%E1%B8%B5t%C4%AB%C4%81r%C4%AB+tribe+II%E2%80%93Ban%C4%81n&rft.place=London+and+New+York&rft.pages=574-580&rft.pub=Routledge+%26+Kegan+Paul&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=978-0-71009-118-5&rft.aulast=Chaumont&rft.aufirst=M.+L.&rft.au=Schippmann%2C+K.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iranicaonline.org%2Farticles%2Fbalas-proper-name%23Sasanianking&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABalash" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaryaeeRezakhani2017" class="citation book cs1">Daryaee, Touraj; Rezakhani, Khodadad (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=unTjswEACAAJ">"The Sasanian Empire"</a>. In Daryaee, Touraj (ed.). <i>King of the Seven Climes: A History of the Ancient Iranian World (3000 BCE - 651 CE)</i>. UCI Jordan Center for Persian Studies. pp. 1–236. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780692864401" title="Special:BookSources/9780692864401"><bdi>9780692864401</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Sasanian+Empire&rft.btitle=King+of+the+Seven+Climes%3A+A+History+of+the+Ancient+Iranian+World+%283000+BCE+-+651+CE%29&rft.pages=1-236&rft.pub=UCI+Jordan+Center+for+Persian+Studies&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9780692864401&rft.aulast=Daryaee&rft.aufirst=Touraj&rft.au=Rezakhani%2C+Khodadad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DunTjswEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABalash" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRezakhani2017" class="citation book cs1">Rezakhani, Khodadad (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bjRWDwAAQBAJ&q=false"><i>ReOrienting the Sasanians: East Iran in Late Antiquity</i></a>. Edinburgh University Press. pp. 1–256. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781474400305" title="Special:BookSources/9781474400305"><bdi>9781474400305</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=ReOrienting+the+Sasanians%3A+East+Iran+in+Late+Antiquity&rft.pages=1-256&rft.pub=Edinburgh+University+Press&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9781474400305&rft.aulast=Rezakhani&rft.aufirst=Khodadad&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbjRWDwAAQBAJ%26q%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABalash" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcDonough2011" class="citation book cs1">McDonough, Scott (2011). "The Legs of the Throne: Kings, Elites, and Subjects in Sasanian Iran". In Arnason, Johann P.; Raaflaub, Kurt A. (eds.). <i>The Roman Empire in Context: Historical and Comparative Perspectives</i>. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. pp. 290–321. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F9781444390186.ch13">10.1002/9781444390186.ch13</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781444390186" title="Special:BookSources/9781444390186"><bdi>9781444390186</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Legs+of+the+Throne%3A+Kings%2C+Elites%2C+and+Subjects+in+Sasanian+Iran&rft.btitle=The+Roman+Empire+in+Context%3A+Historical+and+Comparative+Perspectives&rft.pages=290-321&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons%2C+Ltd&rft.date=2011&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F9781444390186.ch13&rft.isbn=9781444390186&rft.aulast=McDonough&rft.aufirst=Scott&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABalash" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Balash </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Sasanian dynasty</a></b></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Peroz_I" title="Peroz I">Peroz I</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Kings_of_Iran_and_non-Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Kings of Iran and non-Iran">King of Kings of Iran and non-Iran</a> </b><br />484–488 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kavad_I" title="Kavad I">Kavad I</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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.navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rulers_of_the_Sasanian_Empire_(224–651)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sasanian_Rulers" title="Template:Sasanian Rulers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sasanian_Rulers" title="Template talk:Sasanian Rulers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sasanian_Rulers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sasanian Rulers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rulers_of_the_Sasanian_Empire_(224–651)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_kings_of_the_Sasanian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="List of kings of the Sasanian Empire">Rulers</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Sasanian_Empire" title="Sasanian Empire">Sasanian Empire</a> <small>(224–651)</small></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ardashir_I" title="Ardashir I">Ardashir I</a> <small>(224–242)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shapur_I" title="Shapur I">Shapur I</a> <small>(240–270)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hormizd_I" title="Hormizd I">Hormizd I</a> <small>(270–271)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bahram_I" title="Bahram I">Bahram I</a> <small>(271–274)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bahram_II" title="Bahram II">Bahram II</a> <small>(274–293)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bahram_III" title="Bahram III">Bahram III</a> <small>(293)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Narseh" title="Narseh">Narseh</a> <small>(293–303)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hormizd_II" title="Hormizd II">Hormizd II</a> <small>(303–309)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adur_Narseh" title="Adur Narseh">Adur Narseh</a> <small>(309)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shapur_II" title="Shapur II">Shapur II</a> <small>(309–379)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ardashir_II" title="Ardashir II">Ardashir II</a> <small>(379–383)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shapur_III" title="Shapur III">Shapur III</a> <small>(383–388)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bahram_IV" title="Bahram IV">Bahram IV</a> <small>(388–399)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yazdegerd_I" title="Yazdegerd I">Yazdegerd I</a> <small>(399–420)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shapur_IV" title="Shapur IV">Shapur IV</a> <small>(420)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Khosrow_(son_of_Bahram_IV)" title="Khosrow (son of Bahram IV)">Khosrow</a> <small>(420)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bahram_V" title="Bahram V">Bahram V</a> <small>(420–438)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yazdegerd_II" title="Yazdegerd II">Yazdegerd II</a> <small>(438–457)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hormizd_III" title="Hormizd III">Hormizd III</a> <small>(457–459)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peroz_I" title="Peroz I">Peroz I</a> <small>(459–484)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Balash</a> <small>(484–488)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kavad_I" title="Kavad I">Kavad I</a> <small>(488–496)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jamasp" title="Jamasp">Jamasp</a> <small>(496–498/9)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kavad_I" title="Kavad I">Kavad I</a> <small>(498/9–531)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Khosrow_I" title="Khosrow I">Khosrow I</a> <small>(531–579)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hormizd_IV" title="Hormizd IV">Hormizd IV</a> <small>(579–590)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Khosrow_II" title="Khosrow II">Khosrow II</a> <small>(590)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bahram_Chobin" title="Bahram Chobin">Bahram VI Chobin</a><sup>§</sup> <small>(590–591)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Khosrow_II" title="Khosrow II">Khosrow II</a> <small>(591–628)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vistahm" title="Vistahm">Vistahm</a><sup>§</sup> <small>(591–596)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kavad_II" title="Kavad II">Kavad II</a> <small>(628)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ardashir_III" title="Ardashir III">Ardashir III</a> <small>(628–630)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shahrbaraz" title="Shahrbaraz">Shahrbaraz</a><sup>§</sup> <small>(630)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Khosrow_III" title="Khosrow III">Khosrow III</a><sup>§</sup> <small>(630)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Boran" title="Boran">Boran</a> <small>(630)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Shapur-i_Shahrvaraz" title="Shapur-i Shahrvaraz">Shapur-i Shahrvaraz</a> <small>(630)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Azarmidokht" title="Azarmidokht">Azarmidokht</a> <small>(630–631)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Farrukh_Hormizd" title="Farrukh Hormizd">Farrukh Hormizd</a><sup>§</sup> <small>(630–631)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hormizd_VI" title="Hormizd VI">Hormizd VI</a><sup>§</sup> <small>(630–632)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Khosrow_IV" title="Khosrow IV">Khosrow IV</a><sup>§</sup> <small>(630–636)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Boran" title="Boran">Boran</a> <small>(631–632)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yazdegerd_III" title="Yazdegerd III">Yazdegerd III</a> <small>(632–651)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Peroz_III" title="Peroz III">Peroz III</a> <small>(pretender)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bahram_VII" title="Bahram VII">Bahram VII</a> <small>(pretender)</small></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Narsieh" title="Narsieh">Narsieh</a> <small>(pretender)</small></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><sup>§</sup> usurpers or rival 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