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<span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Upper_Lusatia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Upper_Lusatia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Upper Lusatia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Upper_Lusatia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lower_Lusatia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lower_Lusatia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Lower Lusatia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lower_Lusatia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lusatian_capitals" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lusatian_capitals"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Lusatian capitals</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lusatian_capitals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lusatian_Lake_District" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lusatian_Lake_District"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Lusatian Lake District</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lusatian_Lake_District-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muskau_Morainic_Arch" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muskau_Morainic_Arch"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Muskau Morainic Arch</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muskau_Morainic_Arch-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Upper_Lusatian_Heath_and_Pond_Landscape" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Upper_Lusatian_Heath_and_Pond_Landscape"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Upper_Lusatian_Heath_and_Pond_Landscape-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bohemian_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bohemian_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Bohemian rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bohemian_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Saxon_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Saxon_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Saxon rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Saxon_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prussian_rule" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prussian_rule"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Prussian rule</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prussian_rule-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Since_1945" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Since_1945"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Since 1945</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Since_1945-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sorbs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sorbs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Sorbs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sorbs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics_in_1900" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics_in_1900"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Demographics in 1900</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics_in_1900-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Largest_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Largest_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Largest cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Largest_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Sights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Sights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-UNESCO_world_heritage_sites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#UNESCO_world_heritage_sites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1.1</span> <span>UNESCO world heritage sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-UNESCO_world_heritage_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Lusatia</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 57 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-57" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">57 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lausitz" title="Lausitz – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Lausitz" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="لوساتيا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="لوساتيا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Лужыца – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Лужыца" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B6%D1%8B%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Лужыца – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Лужыца" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Лужица – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Лужица" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C5%BEica" title="Lužica – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Lužica" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lus%C3%A0cia" title="Lusàcia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lusàcia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C5%BEice" title="Lužice – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lužice" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lausitz" title="Lausitz – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lausitz" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lausitz" title="Lausitz – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lausitz" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81u%C5%BEyca" title="Łužyca – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Łužyca" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lausitz" title="Lausitz – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lausitz" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Λουσατία – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λουσατία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusacia" title="Lusacia – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lusacia" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luzacio" title="Luzacio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Luzacio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusazia" title="Lusazia – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lusazia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%88%DA%98%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B3%D8%A7" title="ووژیتسا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ووژیتسا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusace" title="Lusace – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Lusace" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lausitz" title="Lausitz – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Lausitz" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusacia" title="Lusacia – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lusacia" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A3%A8%EC%82%AC%ED%8B%B0%EC%95%84" title="루사티아 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="루사티아" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81u%C5%BEica" title="Łužica – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Łužica" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C5%BEica" title="Lužica – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Lužica" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusatia" title="Lusatia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Lusatia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%86%C3%A6" title="Лужицæ – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Лужицæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lausitz" title="Lausitz – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lausitz" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusazia" title="Lusazia – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Lusazia" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9F%E1%83%98%E1%83%AA%E1%83%90" title="ლუჟიცა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლუჟიცა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusatia" title="Lusatia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Lusatia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lauzica" title="Lauzica – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Lauzica" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C5%BEica" title="Lužica – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Lužica" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lusazia" title="Lusazia – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Lusazia" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Лужица – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Лужица" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lausitz" title="Lausitz – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lausitz" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B8%E3%83%83%E3%83%84" title="ラウジッツ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ラウジッツ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lausitz" title="Lausitz – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lausitz" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lausitz" title="Lausitz – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Lausitz" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lus%C3%A0cia" title="Lusàcia – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lusàcia" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81u%C5%BCyce" title="Łużyce – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Łużyce" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lus%C3%A1cia" title="Lusácia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lusácia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luzacia" title="Luzacia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Luzacia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Лужица – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Лужица" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lausitz" title="Lausitz – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Lausitz" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C5%BEica" title="Lužica – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Lužica" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C5%BEica" title="Lužica – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Lužica" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cu mw-list-item"><a href="https://cu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Лоужица – Church Slavic" lang="cu" hreflang="cu" data-title="Лоужица" data-language-autonym="Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ" data-language-local-name="Church Slavic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Словѣньскъ / ⰔⰎⰑⰂⰡⰐⰠⰔⰍⰟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%81u%C5%BCyca" title="Łużyca – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Łużyca" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0" title="Лужица – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лужица" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C5%BEica" title="Lužica – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Lužica" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lausitz" title="Lausitz – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lausitz" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lausitz" title="Lausitz – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Lausitz" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lausitz" title="Lausitz – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Lausitz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B6%D0%B8%D1%86%D1%8F" title="Лужиця – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Лужиця" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Lusatia&params=51_32_42.2351_N_14_43_34.1040_E_type:city_region:PL"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°32′42.2351″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°43′34.1040″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.545065306°N 14.726140000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.545065306; 14.726140000</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Łużyce" redirects here. For the part of the Polish village of Dziecinów, Otwock County, see <a href="/wiki/%C5%81u%C5%BCyce,_Otwock_County" title="Łużyce, Otwock County">Łużyce, Otwock County</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Sorbia" redirects here. Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>. For the genus, see <a href="/wiki/Sorbia_(beetle)" title="Sorbia (beetle)">Sorbia (beetle)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Historical region</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Lusatia</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><span title="Upper Sorbian-language text"><i lang="hsb">Łužica</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Upper_Sorbian_language" title="Upper Sorbian language">Upper Sorbian</a>)</span><br /><span title="Lower Sorbian-language text"><i lang="dsb">Łužyca</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Lower_Sorbian_language" title="Lower Sorbian language">Lower Sorbian</a>)</span><br /><span title="German-language text"><i lang="de">Lausitz</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>)</span><br /><span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Łużyce</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>)</span><br /><span title="Czech-language text"><i lang="cs">Lužice</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>)</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Historical_region" title="Historical region">Historical region</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lusatia_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Lusatia"><img alt="Coat of arms of Lusatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Lusatia_COA.svg/100px-Lusatia_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="57" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Lusatia_COA.svg/150px-Lusatia_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Lusatia_COA.svg/200px-Lusatia_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="480" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_LUS2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Lusatia"><img alt="Location of Lusatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Location_LUS2.svg/330px-Location_LUS2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="270" height="239" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Location_LUS2.svg/500px-Location_LUS2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Location_LUS2.svg/540px-Location_LUS2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="529" data-file-height="469" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Lusatia&params=51_32_42.2351_N_14_43_34.1040_E_type:city_region:PL"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">51°32′42.2351″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°43′34.1040″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">51.545065306°N 14.726140000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">51.545065306; 14.726140000</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Countries</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a><br /><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Largest towns</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cottbus" title="Cottbus">Cottbus-Chóśebuz</a><br /><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6rlitz" title="Görlitz">Görlitz</a>/<a href="/wiki/Zgorzelec" title="Zgorzelec">Zgorzelec</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Bautzen" title="Bautzen">Bautzen-Budyšin</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBary" title="Żary">Żary</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B1" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+1">UTC+1</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B2" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+2">UTC+2</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highways</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/A4_autostrada_(Poland)" title="A4 autostrada (Poland)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/A4-PL.svg/40px-A4-PL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/A4-PL.svg/60px-A4-PL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/A4-PL.svg/120px-A4-PL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="478" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/A18_autostrada_(Poland)" title="A18 autostrada (Poland)"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/A18-PL.svg/40px-A18-PL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/A18-PL.svg/60px-A18-PL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/A18-PL.svg/120px-A18-PL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1183" data-file-height="478" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_4" title="Bundesautobahn 4"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bundesautobahn_4_number.svg/32px-Bundesautobahn_4_number.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bundesautobahn_4_number.svg/48px-Bundesautobahn_4_number.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Bundesautobahn_4_number.svg/64px-Bundesautobahn_4_number.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="240" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_13" title="Bundesautobahn 13"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Bundesautobahn_13_number.svg/32px-Bundesautobahn_13_number.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Bundesautobahn_13_number.svg/48px-Bundesautobahn_13_number.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Bundesautobahn_13_number.svg/64px-Bundesautobahn_13_number.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="240" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_15" title="Bundesautobahn 15"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Bundesautobahn_15_number.svg/32px-Bundesautobahn_15_number.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Bundesautobahn_15_number.svg/48px-Bundesautobahn_15_number.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Bundesautobahn_15_number.svg/64px-Bundesautobahn_15_number.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="240" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Park_-_panoramio_(96).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Park_-_panoramio_%2896%29.jpg/315px-Park_-_panoramio_%2896%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="315" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Park_-_panoramio_%2896%29.jpg/473px-Park_-_panoramio_%2896%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Park_-_panoramio_%2896%29.jpg/630px-Park_-_panoramio_%2896%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rakotzbr%C3%BCcke" class="mw-redirect" title="Rakotzbrücke">Rakotz Bridge</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Lusatia</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/eɪ/: 'a' in 'face'">eɪ</span><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span>-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ʃ/: 'sh' in 'shy'">ʃ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span>; <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Lausitz</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈlaʊzɪts]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/0\/05\/De-Lausitz.ogg\/De-Lausitz.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-Lausitz.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/05/De-Lausitz.ogg/De-Lausitz.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:De-Lausitz.ogg" title="File:De-Lausitz.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>: <i lang="pl">Łużyce</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="pl-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Polish" title="Help:IPA/Polish">[wuˈʐɨt͡sɛ]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/3\/3a\/Pl-%C5%81u%C5%BCyce.ogg\/Pl-%C5%81u%C5%BCyce.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Pl-\u0141u\u017cyce.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/3a/Pl-%C5%81u%C5%BCyce.ogg/Pl-%C5%81u%C5%BCyce.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Pl-%C5%81u%C5%BCyce.ogg" title="File:Pl-Łużyce.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; <a href="/wiki/Upper_Sorbian_language" title="Upper Sorbian language">Upper Sorbian</a>: <i lang="hsb">Łužica</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="hsb-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Sorbian" title="Help:IPA/Sorbian">[ˈwuʒitsa]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Lower_Sorbian_language" title="Lower Sorbian language">Lower Sorbian</a>: <i lang="dsb">Łužyca</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="dsb-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Sorbian" title="Help:IPA/Sorbian">[ˈwuʒɨtsa]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>: <i lang="cs">Lužice</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="cs-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Czech" title="Help:IPA/Czech">[ˈluʒɪt͡sɛ]</a></span>) is a historical region in <a href="/wiki/Central_Europe" title="Central Europe">Central Europe</a>, territorially split between <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> and modern-day <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>. Lusatia stretches from the <a href="/wiki/B%C3%B3br" title="Bóbr">Bóbr</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kwisa" title="Kwisa">Kwisa</a> rivers in the east to the <a href="/wiki/Pulsnitz_(river)" title="Pulsnitz (river)">Pulsnitz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Black_Elster" title="Black Elster">Black Elster</a> rivers in the west, and is located within the German states of <a href="/wiki/Saxony" title="Saxony">Saxony</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a> as well as in the Polish <a href="/wiki/Voivodeship" title="Voivodeship">voivodeships</a> of <a href="/wiki/Lower_Silesian_Voivodeship" title="Lower Silesian Voivodeship">Lower Silesia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lubusz_Voivodeship" title="Lubusz Voivodeship">Lubusz</a>. Major rivers of Lusatia are the <a href="/wiki/Spree_(river)" title="Spree (river)">Spree</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Lusatian_Neisse" title="Lusatian Neisse">Lusatian Neisse</a>, which defines the border between Germany and Poland. The <a href="/wiki/Lusatian_Mountains" title="Lusatian Mountains">Lusatian Mountains</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Sudetes" title="Sudetes">Western Sudetes</a> separate Lusatia from <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a>) in the south. Lusatia is traditionally divided into <a href="/wiki/Upper_Lusatia" title="Upper Lusatia">Upper Lusatia</a>, the hilly southern part, and <a href="/wiki/Lower_Lusatia" title="Lower Lusatia">Lower Lusatia</a>, the flat northern part. </p><p>The areas east and west along the Spree in the German part of Lusatia are home to the <a href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavic</a> <a href="/wiki/Sorbs" title="Sorbs">Sorbs</a>, one of <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Germany" title="Demographics of Germany">Germany’s four officially recognized indigenous ethnic minorities</a>. The Upper Sorbs inhabit Saxon Upper Lusatia, and the Lower Sorbs Brandenburgian Lower Lusatia. <a href="/wiki/Upper_Sorbian" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper Sorbian">Upper</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lower_Sorbian" class="mw-redirect" title="Lower Sorbian">Lower Sorbian</a> are spoken in the German parts of Upper and Lower Lusatia respectively, and the signage there is mostly bilingual. Throughout history, the region has been ruled variously by <a href="/wiki/History_of_Poland" title="History of Poland">Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/History_of_Germany" title="History of Germany">Germany</a> and <a href="/wiki/History_of_Hungary" title="History of Hungary">Hungary</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Lusatian_Lake_District" title="Lusatian Lake District">Lusatian Lake District</a> is Europe's largest artificial lake district. The village of <a href="/wiki/Herrnhut" title="Herrnhut">Herrnhut</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Ochranow</i></span>) is the seat of the <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian Church</a>. <a href="/wiki/Muskau_Park" title="Muskau Park">Muskau Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bad_Muskau" title="Bad Muskau">Bad Muskau</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Mužakow</i></span>) and <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C4%99knica" title="Łęknica">Łęknica</a> is a <a href="/wiki/UNESCO_World_Heritage_Site" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO World Heritage Site">UNESCO World Heritage Site</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Tropical_Islands_Resort" title="Tropical Islands Resort">Tropical Islands Resort</a>, a large water park housed in a former airship hangar that is the biggest free-standing hall in the world, is located in the north of Lusatia. The closest international airport to Lusatia is <a href="/wiki/Dresden_Airport" title="Dresden Airport">Dresden Airport</a> in <a href="/wiki/Klotzsche" title="Klotzsche">Klotzsche</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Kłóčow</i></span>). </p><p>The largest Lusatian city is <a href="/wiki/Cottbus" title="Cottbus">Cottbus</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Chóśebuz</i></span>), with nearly 100,000 inhabitants. Other notable towns are the former members of the <a href="/wiki/Lusatian_League" title="Lusatian League">Lusatian League</a>: the German/Polish twin towns of <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6rlitz" title="Görlitz">Görlitz</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zhorjelc</i></span>) and <a href="/wiki/Zgorzelec" title="Zgorzelec">Zgorzelec</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bautzen" title="Bautzen">Bautzen</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Budyšin</i></span>), <a href="/wiki/Zittau" title="Zittau">Zittau</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Žitawa</i></span>), <a href="/wiki/Luba%C5%84" title="Lubań">Lubań</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamenz" title="Kamenz">Kamenz</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Kamjenc</i></span>), and <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B6bau" title="Löbau">Löbau</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Lubij</i></span>)), as well as <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBary" title="Żary">Żary</a>, the German/Polish twin towns of <a href="/wiki/Guben" title="Guben">Guben</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Gubin</i></span>) and <a href="/wiki/Gubin,_Poland" title="Gubin, Poland">Gubin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hoyerswerda" title="Hoyerswerda">Hoyerswerda</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Wojerecy</i></span>), <a href="/wiki/Senftenberg" title="Senftenberg">Senftenberg</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Zły Komorow</i></span>), <a href="/wiki/Eisenh%C3%BCttenstadt" title="Eisenhüttenstadt">Eisenhüttenstadt</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Pśibrjog</i></span>), and <a href="/wiki/Spremberg" title="Spremberg">Spremberg</a> (<span title="Polish-language text"><i lang="pl">Grodk</i></span>). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name derives from the <a href="/wiki/Sorbian_languages" title="Sorbian languages">Sorbian</a> word <i>łužicy</i> meaning "swamps" or "water-hole", Germanized as <i>Lausitz</i>. <i>Lusatia</i> is the <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latinized</a> form which spread in the <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> and <a href="/wiki/Romance_languages" title="Romance languages">Romance languages</a> area. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panorama_Ringenhain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Panorama_Ringenhain.jpg/960px-Panorama_Ringenhain.jpg" decoding="async" width="660" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Panorama_Ringenhain.jpg/990px-Panorama_Ringenhain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Panorama_Ringenhain.jpg/1320px-Panorama_Ringenhain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4704" data-file-height="1012" /></a><figcaption><div class="center">A view of the <a href="/wiki/Lusatian_Highlands" title="Lusatian Highlands">Lusatian Highlands</a></div></figcaption></figure> <p>Lusatia comprises two both scenically and historically different parts: a hilly southern "upper" section and a "lower" region, which belongs to the <a href="/wiki/North_European_Plain" title="North European Plain">North European Plain</a>. The border between Upper and Lower Lusatia is roughly marked by the course of the Black Elster river at <a href="/wiki/Senftenberg" title="Senftenberg">Senftenberg</a> and its eastern continuation toward the <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesian</a> town of <a href="/wiki/Przew%C3%B3z,_%C5%BBary_County" title="Przewóz, Żary County">Przewóz</a> on the Lusatian Neisse. Neighbouring regions were Silesia in the east, <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemia</a> in the south, the <a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Meissen" class="mw-redirect" title="Margraviate of Meissen">Margraviate of Meissen</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Saxe-Wittenberg" class="mw-redirect" title="Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg">Duchy of Saxe-Wittenberg</a> in the west as well as the <a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Brandenburg" title="Margraviate of Brandenburg">Margraviate of Brandenburg</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mittelmark" title="Mittelmark">Mittelmark</a>) in the north. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Upper_Lusatia">Upper Lusatia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Upper Lusatia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Upper_Lusatia" title="Upper Lusatia">Upper Lusatia</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MapaSemik2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/MapaSemik2.jpg/180px-MapaSemik2.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="294" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/MapaSemik2.jpg/270px-MapaSemik2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/MapaSemik2.jpg/360px-MapaSemik2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="4900" /></a><figcaption>20th century map of the Lusatias with <a href="/wiki/Sorbian_languages" title="Sorbian languages">Sorbian</a> and German names</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Upper Lusatia</b> (<i>Oberlausitz</i>, <i>Łużyce Górne</i> or <i>Hornja Łužica</i>) is today part of the German state of Saxony, except for a small part east of the <a href="/wiki/Neisse_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Neisse River">Neisse River</a> around <a href="/wiki/Luba%C5%84" title="Lubań">Lubań</a>, which now belongs to the Polish Lower Silesian voivodeship. It consists of hilly countryside rising in the South to the <a href="/wiki/Lusatian_Highlands" title="Lusatian Highlands">Lusatian Highlands</a> near the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech</a> border, and then even higher to form the <a href="/wiki/Zittau_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Zittau Hills">Zittau Hills</a>, the small northern part of the <a href="/wiki/Lusatian_Mountains" title="Lusatian Mountains">Lusatian Mountains</a> (<i>Lužické hory</i>/<i>Lausitzer Gebirge</i>) in the Czech Republic. </p><p>Upper Lusatia is characterized by fertile soil and undulating hills as well as by historic towns and cities such as <a href="/wiki/Bautzen" title="Bautzen">Bautzen</a>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6rlitz" title="Görlitz">Görlitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zittau" title="Zittau">Zittau</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B6bau_(Saxony)" class="mw-redirect" title="Löbau (Saxony)">Löbau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamenz" title="Kamenz">Kamenz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luba%C5%84" title="Lubań">Lubań</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bischofswerda" title="Bischofswerda">Bischofswerda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herrnhut" title="Herrnhut">Herrnhut</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hoyerswerda" title="Hoyerswerda">Hoyerswerda</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Bad_Muskau" title="Bad Muskau">Bad Muskau</a>. Many villages in the very south of Upper Lusatia contain a typical attraction of the region, the so-called <i>Umgebindehäuser</i>, half-timbered-houses representing a combination of Franconian and Slavic style. Among those villages are <a href="/wiki/Niedercunnersdorf" title="Niedercunnersdorf">Niedercunnersdorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Obercunnersdorf" title="Obercunnersdorf">Obercunnersdorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wehrsdorf" title="Wehrsdorf">Wehrsdorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jonsdorf" title="Jonsdorf">Jonsdorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sohland_an_der_Spree" title="Sohland an der Spree">Sohland an der Spree</a> with Taubenheim, <a href="/wiki/Oppach" title="Oppach">Oppach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Varnsdorf" title="Varnsdorf">Varnsdorf</a> or <a href="/wiki/Ebersbach,_G%C3%B6rlitz" title="Ebersbach, Görlitz">Ebersbach</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lower_Lusatia">Lower Lusatia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Lower Lusatia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lower_Lusatia" title="Lower Lusatia">Lower Lusatia</a></div> <p>Most of the area belonging to the German state of Brandenburg today is called <b>Lower Lusatia</b> (<i>Niederlausitz, Łużyce Dolne</i> or <i>Dolna Łužyca</i>) and is characterized by forests and meadows. In the course of much of the 19th and the entire 20th century, it was shaped by the lignite industry and extensive open-pit mining. Important towns include <a href="/wiki/Cottbus" title="Cottbus">Cottbus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eisenh%C3%BCttenstadt" title="Eisenhüttenstadt">Eisenhüttenstadt</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbben" class="mw-redirect" title="Lübben">Lübben</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbbenau" title="Lübbenau">Lübbenau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spremberg" title="Spremberg">Spremberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finsterwalde" title="Finsterwalde">Finsterwalde</a>, <a href="/wiki/Senftenberg" title="Senftenberg">Senftenberg</a> (Zły Komorow), and <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBary" title="Żary">Żary</a>, which is now considered the capital of Polish Lusatia.<sup id="cite_ref-zary_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zary-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between Upper and Lower Lusatia is a region called the <a href="/wiki/Lusatian_Border_Ridge" title="Lusatian Border Ridge"><i>Grenzwall</i></a>, literally meaning "border dyke", although it is in fact a <a href="/wiki/Morainic" class="mw-redirect" title="Morainic">morainic</a> ridge. In the Middle Ages this area had dense forests, so it represented a major obstacle to civilian and military traffic. Some of the region's villages were damaged or destroyed by the open-pit lignite mining industry during the DDR era. Some, now exhausted, former open-pit mines are now being converted into artificial lakes, with the hope of attracting holiday-makers, and the area is now being referred to as the <a href="/wiki/Lusatian_Lake_District" title="Lusatian Lake District">Lusatian Lake District</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lusatian_capitals">Lusatian capitals</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Lusatian capitals"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As Lusatia is not, and never has been, a single administrative unit, Upper and Lower Lusatia have different, but in some respects similar, histories. The city of <a href="/wiki/Cottbus" title="Cottbus">Cottbus</a> is the largest in the region, and though it is recognized as the cultural capital of Lower Lusatia, it was a <a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Brandenburg" title="Margraviate of Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a> exclave since 1445. Historically, the administrative centres of Lower Lusatia were at <a href="/wiki/Luckau" title="Luckau">Luckau</a> and <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbben_(Spreewald)" title="Lübben (Spreewald)">Lübben</a>, while the historical capital of Upper Lusatia is <a href="/wiki/Bautzen" title="Bautzen">Bautzen</a>. Since 1945, when a small part of Lusatia east of the <a href="/wiki/Oder%E2%80%93Neisse_line" title="Oder–Neisse line">Oder–Neisse line</a> was incorporated into <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBary" title="Żary">Żary</a> has been touted as the capital of Polish Lusatia.<sup id="cite_ref-zary_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zary-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 211.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 209.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bautzen_Altstadt_57.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bautzen (Budyšin), capital of Upper Lusatia"><img alt="Bautzen (Budyšin), capital of Upper Lusatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Bautzen_Altstadt_57.jpg/330px-Bautzen_Altstadt_57.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Bautzen_Altstadt_57.jpg/500px-Bautzen_Altstadt_57.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Bautzen_Altstadt_57.jpg/960px-Bautzen_Altstadt_57.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5427" data-file-height="3110" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Bautzen" title="Bautzen">Bautzen</a> (Budyšin), capital of Upper Lusatia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cottbus_07-2017_img23_Altmarkt.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cottbus (Chóśebuz), capital of Lower Lusatia"><img alt="Cottbus (Chóśebuz), capital of Lower Lusatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Cottbus_07-2017_img23_Altmarkt.jpg/330px-Cottbus_07-2017_img23_Altmarkt.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Cottbus_07-2017_img23_Altmarkt.jpg/500px-Cottbus_07-2017_img23_Altmarkt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Cottbus_07-2017_img23_Altmarkt.jpg/960px-Cottbus_07-2017_img23_Altmarkt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4880" data-file-height="2745" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Cottbus" title="Cottbus">Cottbus</a> (Chóśebuz), capital of Lower Lusatia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:L%C3%BCbben_(Spreewald)_-_Paul-Gerhardt-Kirche.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Lübben (Spreewald) (Lubin (Błota)), former capital of Lower Lusatia"><img alt="Lübben (Spreewald) (Lubin (Błota)), former capital of Lower Lusatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/L%C3%BCbben_%28Spreewald%29_-_Paul-Gerhardt-Kirche.JPG/250px-L%C3%BCbben_%28Spreewald%29_-_Paul-Gerhardt-Kirche.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/L%C3%BCbben_%28Spreewald%29_-_Paul-Gerhardt-Kirche.JPG/500px-L%C3%BCbben_%28Spreewald%29_-_Paul-Gerhardt-Kirche.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="3044" data-file-height="2284" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbben_(Spreewald)" title="Lübben (Spreewald)">Lübben (Spreewald)</a> (Lubin (Błota)), former capital of Lower Lusatia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 181.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 179.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nicolaikirche_in_Luckau.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Luckau (Łuków), former capital of Lower Lusatia"><img alt="Luckau (Łuków), former capital of Lower Lusatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Nicolaikirche_in_Luckau.jpg/330px-Nicolaikirche_in_Luckau.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Nicolaikirche_in_Luckau.jpg/500px-Nicolaikirche_in_Luckau.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Nicolaikirche_in_Luckau.jpg/960px-Nicolaikirche_in_Luckau.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Luckau" title="Luckau">Luckau</a> (Łuków), former capital of Lower Lusatia</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 144px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 142px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Town_hall_in_Zary_(5).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Żary, capital of Polish Lusatia"><img alt="Żary, capital of Polish Lusatia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Town_hall_in_Zary_%285%29.jpg/250px-Town_hall_in_Zary_%285%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Town_hall_in_Zary_%285%29.jpg/330px-Town_hall_in_Zary_%285%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Town_hall_in_Zary_%285%29.jpg/500px-Town_hall_in_Zary_%285%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4613" data-file-height="3909" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBary" title="Żary">Żary</a>, capital of Polish Lusatia</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lusatian_Lake_District">Lusatian Lake District</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Lusatian Lake District"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Lusatian_Lake_District" title="Lusatian Lake District">Lusatian Lake District</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Karte_vom_Lausitzer_Seenland.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Karte_vom_Lausitzer_Seenland.png/500px-Karte_vom_Lausitzer_Seenland.png" decoding="async" width="500" height="439" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Karte_vom_Lausitzer_Seenland.png/960px-Karte_vom_Lausitzer_Seenland.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Karte_vom_Lausitzer_Seenland.png/1000px-Karte_vom_Lausitzer_Seenland.png 2x" data-file-width="1968" data-file-height="1726" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>The Lusatian Lake District (German: <b>Lausitzer Seenland</b>, Lower Sorbian: <b>Łužyska jazorina</b>, Upper Sorbian: <b>Łužiska jězorina</b>) is an artificially created lake area. By the end of the 2020s, Europe's largest artificial water landscape and Germany's fourth-largest lake area are to be created by flooding disused brown coal mines in the Lusatian brown coal mining area. Some of the largest lakes are connected to each other as a chain of lakes by navigable canals. </p><p>The new lakeland is largely created from remaining holes from former brown coal opencast mines. These are flooded and converted into lakes. Some of the resulting lakes have already reached their final water level, others will not be completely flooded for a few years. </p><p>Other lakes are artificially dammed lakes. While the <a href="/wiki/Quitzdorf_Dam" title="Quitzdorf Dam">Quitzdorf Dam</a> was created to provide enough process water for the <a href="/wiki/Boxberg_Power_Station" title="Boxberg Power Station">Boxberg Power Station</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Spremberg_Dam" title="Spremberg Dam">Spremberg Dam</a> was primarily planned for flood protection in the lake district, but was also used for process water for power plants. The <a href="/wiki/Bautzen_Reservoir" title="Bautzen Reservoir">Bautzen Reservoir</a> was also artificially created in order to be able to continuously supply the Boxberg Power Station with water. </p><p>The ponds of the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Lusatian_Heath_and_Pond_Landscape" title="Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape">Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape</a> Biosphere Reserve, which are also located in the Lake District area, were partly created in the Middle Ages, but also during the GDR period for agricultural reasons, as the moor-rich land was restructured and made usable. These very shallow waters are mostly used for fish farming. </p><p>The ponds of the Muskau Arch are also located between the large opencast mining holes. They arose from faults in the terminal moraine of glaciers from the Ice Age, and partly through the mining of soil raw materials such as sand, clay and coal even before industrialization. In general, these ponds are not created intentionally by humans, but are filled with water due to a lack of drainage. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 429.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 427.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elsterheide_Geierswalde_Aerial_Pan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Geierswalder See (Lejnjanski jězor)"><img alt="Geierswalder See (Lejnjanski jězor)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Elsterheide_Geierswalde_Aerial_Pan.jpg/960px-Elsterheide_Geierswalde_Aerial_Pan.jpg" decoding="async" width="428" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Elsterheide_Geierswalde_Aerial_Pan.jpg/962px-Elsterheide_Geierswalde_Aerial_Pan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Elsterheide_Geierswalde_Aerial_Pan.jpg/1282px-Elsterheide_Geierswalde_Aerial_Pan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="10621" data-file-height="2983" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Geierswalder See (Lejnjanski jězor)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gro%C3%9F_D%C3%BCben_Halbendorfer_See_Aerial.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Halbendorfer See (Brězowski jězor)"><img alt="Halbendorfer See (Brězowski jězor)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gro%C3%9F_D%C3%BCben_Halbendorfer_See_Aerial.jpg/330px-Gro%C3%9F_D%C3%BCben_Halbendorfer_See_Aerial.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gro%C3%9F_D%C3%BCben_Halbendorfer_See_Aerial.jpg/500px-Gro%C3%9F_D%C3%BCben_Halbendorfer_See_Aerial.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Gro%C3%9F_D%C3%BCben_Halbendorfer_See_Aerial.jpg/960px-Gro%C3%9F_D%C3%BCben_Halbendorfer_See_Aerial.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Halbendorfer_See" title="Halbendorfer See">Halbendorfer See</a> (Brězowski jězor)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sornoer_Kanal.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sornoer Kanal (Žarnowski kanal) linking Geierswalder See to Sedlitzer See (Sedlišćański jazor)"><img alt="Sornoer Kanal (Žarnowski kanal) linking Geierswalder See to Sedlitzer See (Sedlišćański jazor)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Sornoer_Kanal.jpg/240px-Sornoer_Kanal.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Sornoer_Kanal.jpg/360px-Sornoer_Kanal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Sornoer_Kanal.jpg/480px-Sornoer_Kanal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sornoer Kanal (Žarnowski kanal) linking Geierswalder See to Sedlitzer See (Sedlišćański jazor)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Muskau_Morainic_Arch">Muskau Morainic Arch</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Muskau Morainic Arch"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Muskau Morainic Arch is a <a href="/wiki/Terminal_moraine" title="Terminal moraine">terminal moraine</a> formed during the <a href="/wiki/Elster_glaciation" title="Elster glaciation">Elster glaciation</a>, which together with its immediate surroundings forms the "<a href="/wiki/UNESCO_Global_Geopark" class="mw-redirect" title="UNESCO Global Geopark">UNESCO Global Geopark</a> Muskau Morainic Arch" (German: <i>Muskauer Faltenbogen</i>, Sorbian: <i>Mužakowski Zahork</i>, Polish: <i>Łuk Mużakowa</i>). </p><p>A glacier on the inland ice that was up to 500 m thick compressed the sand and brown coal layers in front of and below it over a length of more than 40 km to form a small-scale fold arch with a compression terminal moraine up to 180 m high and 700 m wide. The structure is currently preserved as a flat, undulating hill range and is almost unique in the world. The meltwater lake that subsequently emerged within the horseshoe was filled with clays. Ice advances in the following cold periods eroded the higher parts of the terminal moraine. Due to oxidation and the associated loss of volume in the areas near the surface of the brown coal seams, furrows of 3 m to 5 m, a maximum of 20 m deep, 10 m to 30 m wide and up to several kilometers long were formed. Known as "Gieser" (from the Sorbian "jězor" for "lake"), they form long stretches of drainless ditches that are either filled with standing water or often peat-covered. </p><p>After already centuries of extraction of clay and sand, brown coal was mined in the area of the Muskau Arch in the 19th and 20th centuries, partly in pillar mining and partly in opencast mining. Due to the location of the mined seams, noticeably elongated lakes formed in the remaining holes north and east of <a href="/wiki/Wei%C3%9Fwasser" title="Weißwasser">Weißwasser</a> after the end of mining. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 364.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 362.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gablenz_Kromlau_Faltenbogen_Pan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gieser landscape between Weißwasser and Gablenz"><img alt="Gieser landscape between Weißwasser and Gablenz" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Gablenz_Kromlau_Faltenbogen_Pan.jpg/544px-Gablenz_Kromlau_Faltenbogen_Pan.jpg" decoding="async" width="363" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Gablenz_Kromlau_Faltenbogen_Pan.jpg/816px-Gablenz_Kromlau_Faltenbogen_Pan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Gablenz_Kromlau_Faltenbogen_Pan.jpg/1088px-Gablenz_Kromlau_Faltenbogen_Pan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7285" data-file-height="2411" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gieser landscape between <a href="/wiki/Wei%C3%9Fwasser" title="Weißwasser">Weißwasser</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gablenz,_Saxony" title="Gablenz, Saxony">Gablenz</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Upper_Lusatian_Heath_and_Pond_Landscape">Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_Biosph%C3%A4renreservat_Oberlausitzer_Heide-_und_Teichlandschaft.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Logo_Biosph%C3%A4renreservat_Oberlausitzer_Heide-_und_Teichlandschaft.svg/250px-Logo_Biosph%C3%A4renreservat_Oberlausitzer_Heide-_und_Teichlandschaft.svg.png" decoding="async" width="130" height="44" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Logo_Biosph%C3%A4renreservat_Oberlausitzer_Heide-_und_Teichlandschaft.svg/330px-Logo_Biosph%C3%A4renreservat_Oberlausitzer_Heide-_und_Teichlandschaft.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="585" data-file-height="198" /></a><figcaption>Logo of the Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape Biosphere Reserve</figcaption></figure> <p>The Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape (German: <i>Oberlausitzer Heide- und Teichlandschaft</i>, Upper Sorbian: <i>Hornjołužiska hola a hatowa krajina</i>) is the region richest in ponds in Germany, and together with the Lower Lusatian Pond Landscape forms the biggest pond landscape in Central Europe. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Early history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the earliest records, the area was settled by culturally <a href="/wiki/Celts" title="Celts">Celtic</a> tribes. Later, around 100 BC, the Germanic <a href="/wiki/Semnones" title="Semnones">Semnones</a> settled in that area. The name of the region may be derived from that of the <a href="/wiki/Lugii" title="Lugii">Ligians</a>. From around 600 onwards, <a href="/wiki/Polabian_Slavs" title="Polabian Slavs">West Slavic</a> tribes known as the <a href="/wiki/Milceni" title="Milceni">Milceni</a> and Lusici settled permanently in the region. </p><p>In the 10th century, the region came under the influence of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Kingdom of Germany</a>, starting with the 928 eastern campaigns of King <a href="/wiki/Henry_the_Fowler" title="Henry the Fowler">Henry the Fowler</a>. Until 963 the Lusatian tribes were subdued by the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Saxony" title="Duchy of Saxony">Saxon</a> margrave <a href="/wiki/Gero" title="Gero">Gero</a> and upon his death two years later, the <a href="/wiki/March_of_Lusatia" title="March of Lusatia">March of Lusatia</a> was established on the territory of today's Lower Lusatia and remained with the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>, while the adjacent <a href="/wiki/Northern_March" title="Northern March">Northern March</a> again got lost in the Slavic uprising of 983. The later Upper Lusatian region of the Milceni lands up to the <a href="/wiki/Silesia" title="Silesia">Silesian</a> border at the <a href="/wiki/Kwisa" title="Kwisa">Kwisa</a> river at first was part of the <a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Meissen" class="mw-redirect" title="Margraviate of Meissen">Margraviate of Meissen</a> under Margrave <a href="/wiki/Eckard_I,_Margrave_of_Meissen" title="Eckard I, Margrave of Meissen">Eckard I</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Polska_992_-_1025.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Polska_992_-_1025.png/220px-Polska_992_-_1025.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Polska_992_-_1025.png/330px-Polska_992_-_1025.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Polska_992_-_1025.png/440px-Polska_992_-_1025.png 2x" data-file-width="4215" data-file-height="3780" /></a><figcaption>Poland under <a href="/wiki/Boles%C5%82aw_I_the_Brave" title="Bolesław I the Brave">Bolesław I the Brave</a> with Lusatia and marked battles of the <a href="/wiki/German%E2%80%93Polish_War_(1003%E2%80%931018)" title="German–Polish War (1003–1018)">German–Polish War (1003–1018)</a></figcaption></figure> <p>At the same time the <a href="/wiki/Polans_(western)" title="Polans (western)">Polan</a> duke of the later <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Poland_(1025%E2%80%931385)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Poland (1025–1385)">Kingdom of Poland</a> raised claims to the Lusatian lands and upon the death of Emperor <a href="/wiki/Otto_III,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor">Otto III</a> in 1002, Margrave <a href="/wiki/Gero_II,_Margrave_of_the_Saxon_Ostmark" title="Gero II, Margrave of the Saxon Ostmark">Gero II</a> lost Lusatia to the Polish Duke <a href="/wiki/Boleslaus_I_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="Boleslaus I of Poland">Boleslaw I</a> the Brave, who took the region in his conquests, acknowledged by Henry II first in the same year in Merseburg and later in the 1018 <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Bautzen" title="Peace of Bautzen">Peace of Bautzen</a>, Lusatia became part of his territory; however, Germans and Poles continued to struggle over the administration of the region. It was regained in a 1031 campaign by Emperor <a href="/wiki/Conrad_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Conrad II, Holy Roman Emperor">Conrad II</a> in favour of the Saxon German rulers of the Meissen <a href="/wiki/House_of_Wettin" title="House of Wettin">House of Wettin</a> and the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Ascania" title="House of Ascania">Ascanian</a> margraves of <a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Brandenburg" title="Margraviate of Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a>, who purchased the March of (Lower) Lusatia in 1303. </p><p>In 1367 the Brandenburg elector <a href="/wiki/Otto_V,_Duke_of_Bavaria" title="Otto V, Duke of Bavaria">Otto V of Wittelsbach</a> finally sold Lower Lusatia to King <a href="/wiki/Charles_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Karel</a> of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Bohemia</a>, thereby becoming a <a href="/wiki/Lands_of_the_Bohemian_Crown" title="Lands of the Bohemian Crown">Bohemian crown land</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bohemian_rule">Bohemian rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Bohemian rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bautzen-nach1620-Merian.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Bautzen-nach1620-Merian.jpg/250px-Bautzen-nach1620-Merian.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Bautzen-nach1620-Merian.jpg/330px-Bautzen-nach1620-Merian.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Bautzen-nach1620-Merian.jpg/500px-Bautzen-nach1620-Merian.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1761" /></a><figcaption>The siege and capture of <a href="/wiki/Bautzen" title="Bautzen">Bautzen</a> by <a href="/wiki/John_George_I,_Elector_of_Saxony" title="John George I, Elector of Saxony">John George I, Elector of Saxony</a>, in September 1620</figcaption></figure> <p>As Margrave <a href="/wiki/Egbert_II,_Margrave_of_Meissen" title="Egbert II, Margrave of Meissen">Egbert II of Meissen</a> supported <a href="/wiki/Anti-king" title="Anti-king">anti-king</a> <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_of_Rheinfelden" title="Rudolf of Rheinfelden">Rudolf of Rheinfelden</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Investiture_Controversy" title="Investiture Controversy">Investiture Controversy</a>, King <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Henry IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Henry IV of Germany</a> in 1076 awarded the Milceni lands of Upper Lusatia as a fief to the <a href="/wiki/Bohemia" title="Bohemia">Bohemian</a> duke <a href="/wiki/Vladislaus_I,_Duke_of_Bohemia" title="Vladislaus I, Duke of Bohemia">Vratislav II</a>. After Emperor <a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick Barbarossa</a> had elevated Duke <a href="/wiki/Vladislaus_II,_Duke_of_Bohemia" class="mw-redirect" title="Vladislaus II, Duke of Bohemia">Vladislaus II</a> to the rank of a King of Bohemia in 1158, the Upper Lusatian lands around Bautzen evolved into a <a href="/wiki/Lands_of_the_Bohemian_Crown" title="Lands of the Bohemian Crown">Bohemian crown land</a>. Around 1200, large numbers of German settlers came to Lusatia in the course of the <i><a href="/wiki/Ostsiedlung" title="Ostsiedlung">Ostsiedlung</a></i>, settling in the forested areas yet not inhabited by the Slavs. For centuries, from as early as the Middle Ages, trade flourished, and several important trade routes ran through Lusatia, connecting German states in the west, Poland in the east and Bohemia in the south.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1319, the region was divided between the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Bohemia" title="Kingdom of Bohemia">Kingdom of Bohemia</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Jawor" title="Duchy of Jawor">Duchy of Jawor</a>, the southwesternmost duchy of fragmented <a href="/wiki/Piast_dynasty" title="Piast dynasty">Piast</a>-ruled Poland, while northernmost parts also passed to the <a href="/wiki/Margraviate_of_Brandenburg" title="Margraviate of Brandenburg">Margraviate of Brandenburg</a> in the following years.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1368, it was entirely part of the Bohemian Crown. </p><p>In 1346 six Upper Lusatian cities formed the <a href="/wiki/Lusatian_League" title="Lusatian League">Lusatian League</a> to resist the constant attacks conducted by <a href="/wiki/Robber_baron_(feudalism)" title="Robber baron (feudalism)">robber barons</a>. The association supported King <a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor">Sigismund</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Hussite_Wars" title="Hussite Wars">Hussite Wars</a> leading to armed attacks and devastation. The cities were represented in the (Upper) Lusatian <i><a href="/wiki/Landtag" title="Landtag">Landtag</a></i> assembly, where they met with the fierce opposition of the noble <a href="/wiki/State_country" title="State country">state countries</a>. In 1469 the region passed to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Hungary" title="Kingdom of Hungary">Hungary</a>, and in 1490 it returned to the Bohemian Crown, then under the rule of Polish Prince <a href="/wiki/Vladislaus_II_of_Hungary" title="Vladislaus II of Hungary">Vladislaus II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a> Reformation, the greater part of Lusatia became <a href="/wiki/Protestantism" title="Protestantism">Protestant</a> except for the area between Bautzen, Kamenz and Hoyerswerda. The Lusatias remained under Bohemian rule – from 1526 onwards under the rule of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Habsburg" title="House of Habsburg">House of Habsburg</a> – until the <a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Saxon_rule">Saxon rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Saxon rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lausitz_map_18thC.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lausitz_map_18thC.jpg/170px-Lausitz_map_18thC.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lausitz_map_18thC.jpg/255px-Lausitz_map_18thC.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Lausitz_map_18thC.jpg/340px-Lausitz_map_18thC.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1624" data-file-height="1383" /></a><figcaption>Map of the Lusatias by <a href="/wiki/Johann_Homann" title="Johann Homann">J.B. Homann</a>, about 1715</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lusatia_-_Herman_Moll.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Lusatia_-_Herman_Moll.jpg/250px-Lusatia_-_Herman_Moll.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Lusatia_-_Herman_Moll.jpg/330px-Lusatia_-_Herman_Moll.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Lusatia_-_Herman_Moll.jpg/500px-Lusatia_-_Herman_Moll.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1074" data-file-height="952" /></a><figcaption>Lusatia as part of Saxony in 18th century by <a href="/wiki/Herman_Moll" title="Herman Moll">Herman Moll</a>. Included cities <a href="/wiki/Guben" title="Guben">Guben</a>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6rlitz" title="Görlitz">Görlitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bautzen" title="Bautzen">Baudissen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cottbus" title="Cottbus">Cottbus</a>, <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbben_(Spreewald)" title="Lübben (Spreewald)">Luben</a> and <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBary" title="Żary">Soraw</a> (Żary).</figcaption></figure> <p>According to the 1635 <a href="/wiki/Peace_of_Prague_(1635)" title="Peace of Prague (1635)">Peace of Prague</a>, most of Lusatia became a province of the <a href="/wiki/Electorate_of_Saxony" title="Electorate of Saxony">Electorate of Saxony</a>, except for the region around Cottbus possessed by Brandenburg. After the Saxon elector <a href="/wiki/Augustus_II_the_Strong" title="Augustus II the Strong">Augustus the Strong</a> was elected king of <a href="/wiki/Crown_of_the_Kingdom_of_Poland" title="Crown of the Kingdom of Poland">Poland</a> in 1697, Lusatia became strategically important as the elector-kings sought to create a land connection between their Saxon homelands and the Polish territories. Two main routes connecting <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a> ran through the region in the 18th century and Kings <a href="/wiki/Augustus_II_the_Strong" title="Augustus II the Strong">Augustus II the Strong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Augustus_III_of_Poland" title="Augustus III of Poland">Augustus III of Poland</a> often traveled the routes.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Numerous Polish dignitaries also traveled through Lusatia on several occasions, and some <a href="/wiki/Szlachta" title="Szlachta">Polish nobles</a> owned estates in Lusatia.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A distinct remnant of the region's ties to Poland are the 18th-century <a href="/wiki/Milepost" class="mw-redirect" title="Milepost">mileposts</a> decorated with the <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_the_Polish%E2%80%93Lithuanian_Commonwealth" title="Coat of arms of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth">coat of arms of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth</a> located in various towns in the region. Polish-Sorbian contacts increased in that period. With the <a href="/wiki/Age_of_Enlightenment" title="Age of Enlightenment">Age of Enlightenment</a>, the Sorbian national revival began and resistance to Germanization emerged.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:A_new_and_accurate_Map_of_Saxony,_part_of_Brandenburg,_Silesia,_Poland_and_Bohemia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/A_new_and_accurate_Map_of_Saxony%2C_part_of_Brandenburg%2C_Silesia%2C_Poland_and_Bohemia.jpg/220px-A_new_and_accurate_Map_of_Saxony%2C_part_of_Brandenburg%2C_Silesia%2C_Poland_and_Bohemia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/A_new_and_accurate_Map_of_Saxony%2C_part_of_Brandenburg%2C_Silesia%2C_Poland_and_Bohemia.jpg/330px-A_new_and_accurate_Map_of_Saxony%2C_part_of_Brandenburg%2C_Silesia%2C_Poland_and_Bohemia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/A_new_and_accurate_Map_of_Saxony%2C_part_of_Brandenburg%2C_Silesia%2C_Poland_and_Bohemia.jpg/440px-A_new_and_accurate_Map_of_Saxony%2C_part_of_Brandenburg%2C_Silesia%2C_Poland_and_Bohemia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9389" data-file-height="7681" /></a><figcaption>A map of Saxony consisting of Dutchy of Saxony, Marquisat of Lusatia and Marquisat of Misnia (by J. Hinton in 1756)</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Herrnhut" title="Herrnhut">Herrnhut</a>, between <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B6bau" title="Löbau">Löbau</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zittau" title="Zittau">Zittau</a>, founded in 1722 by religious refugees from <a href="/wiki/Moravia" title="Moravia">Moravia</a> on the estate of Count <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Zinzendorf" title="Nicolaus Zinzendorf">Nicolaus Zinzendorf</a> became the starting point of the organized <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> <a href="/wiki/Missionary" title="Missionary">missionary</a> movement in 1732 and missionaries went out from the <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian Church</a> in Herrnhut to all corners of the world to share the Gospel. </p><p>The newly established <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony" title="Kingdom of Saxony">Kingdom of Saxony</a>, however, sided with <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a>; therefore, at the 1815 <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Vienna" title="Congress of Vienna">Congress of Vienna</a>, Lusatia was divided, with Lower Lusatia and the northeastern part of Upper Lusatia around <a href="/wiki/Hoyerswerda" title="Hoyerswerda">Hoyerswerda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rothenburg,_Oberlausitz" title="Rothenburg, Oberlausitz">Rothenburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6rlitz" title="Görlitz">Görlitz</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Luba%C5%84" title="Lubań">Lauban</a> awarded to <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussia</a>. Only the southwestern part of Upper Lusatia, which included <a href="/wiki/L%C3%B6bau" title="Löbau">Löbau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kamenz" title="Kamenz">Kamenz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bautzen" title="Bautzen">Bautzen</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Zittau" title="Zittau">Zittau</a>, remained part of Saxony. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prussian_rule">Prussian rule</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Prussian rule"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Lusatians in Prussia demanded that their land become a distinct administrative unit, but Lower Lusatia was incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Brandenburg" title="Province of Brandenburg">Province of Brandenburg</a>, while the Upper Lusatian territories were attached to the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Silesia" title="Province of Silesia">Province of Silesia</a> instead. </p><p>One of the main escape routes for insurgents of the unsuccessful Polish <a href="/wiki/November_Uprising" title="November Uprising">November Uprising</a> from partitioned Poland to the <a href="/wiki/Great_Emigration" title="Great Emigration">Great Emigration</a> led through <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbben_(Spreewald)" title="Lübben (Spreewald)">Lübben</a> and <a href="/wiki/Luckau" title="Luckau">Luckau</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 19th and early 20th centuries witnessed an era of cultural revival for Sorbs. The modern languages of Upper and Lower Lusatian (or Sorbian) emerged, national literature flourished, and many national organizations such as <a href="/wiki/Ma%C4%87ica_Serbska" title="Maćica Serbska">Maćica Serbska</a> and <a href="/wiki/Domowina" title="Domowina">Domowina</a> were founded. There were also notable Polish communities in Lusatia, such as <a href="/wiki/Klettwitz" title="Klettwitz">Klettwitz</a> (Upper Sorbian: <i lang="hsb">Klěśišća</i>, Polish: <i lang="pl">Kletwice</i>), inhabited in the 1930s by some 550 Poles.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the interbellum, the German government carried out a massive campaign of changing of place names in Lusatia in order to erase traces of Slavic origin, and while most of the historic names were restored after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, some were retained. </p><p>This era came to an end during the <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazi</a> regime in Germany, when all Sorbian organizations were abolished and forbidden, newspapers and magazines closed, and any use of the Sorbian languages was prohibited. During World War II, some Sorbian activists were arrested, executed, exiled or sent as <a href="/wiki/Political_prisoner" title="Political prisoner">political prisoners</a> to <a href="/wiki/Concentration_camps" class="mw-redirect" title="Concentration camps">concentration camps</a>. From 1942 to 1944 the underground <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatian_National_Committee&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lusatian National Committee (page does not exist)">Lusatian National Committee</a> was formed and was active in <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Poland_(1939%E2%80%931945)" title="Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)">German-occupied</a> <a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a>. </p><p>During the war, the Germans established and operated several <a href="/wiki/German_prisoner-of-war_camps_in_World_War_II" title="German prisoner-of-war camps in World War II">prisoner-of-war camps</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Oflag_III-C" class="mw-redirect" title="Oflag III-C">Oflag III-C</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oflag_IV-D" title="Oflag IV-D">Oflag IV-D</a>, Oflag 8, Stalag III-B, <a href="/wiki/Stalag_IV-A" title="Stalag IV-A">Stalag IV-A</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stalag_VIII-A" title="Stalag VIII-A">Stalag VIII-A</a>, with multiple <a href="/wiki/Forced_labour_under_German_rule_during_World_War_II" title="Forced labour under German rule during World War II">forced labour</a> subcamps in the region. Prisoners included Polish POWs and civilians, and <a href="/wiki/French_prisoners_of_war_in_World_War_II" title="French prisoners of war in World War II">French</a>, Belgian, British, Australian, New Zealander, Canadian, South African, Dutch, Italian, Soviet, Serbian, Slovak and American POWs.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were also several Nazi prisons with multiple forced labour subcamps, including in <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6rlitz" title="Görlitz">Görlitz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luckau" title="Luckau">Luckau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zittau" title="Zittau">Zittau</a>, and a prison solely for women in <a href="/wiki/Cottbus" title="Cottbus">Cottbus</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and multiple <a href="/wiki/List_of_subcamps_of_Gross-Rosen" title="List of subcamps of Gross-Rosen">subcamps</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gross-Rosen_concentration_camp" title="Gross-Rosen concentration camp">Gross-Rosen concentration camp</a>, the prisoners of which were mostly Jews, Poles and Russians, but also Frenchmen, Italians, Yugoslavs, Czechs, Belgians, etc.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GedenksteinBautzen.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/GedenksteinBautzen.jpg/220px-GedenksteinBautzen.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/GedenksteinBautzen.jpg/330px-GedenksteinBautzen.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/GedenksteinBautzen.jpg/440px-GedenksteinBautzen.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2301" data-file-height="1539" /></a><figcaption>Memorial to Soviet and Polish troops fallen in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Bautzen_(1945)" title="Battle of Bautzen (1945)">Battle of Bautzen (1945)</a></figcaption></figure> <p>During the war, the Poles postulated that after the defeat of Germany, the Sorbs should be allowed free national development either within the borders of Poland or <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a>, or as an independent Sorbian state in alliance with Poland.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Front_(World_War_II)" title="Eastern Front (World War II)">Eastern Front</a> reached Lusatia in early 1945, with Soviet and Polish troops defeating the Germans and capturing the region. In <a href="/wiki/Horka,_Saxony" title="Horka, Saxony">Horka</a>, on April 26, 1945, the Germans carried out a <a href="/wiki/Niederkaina_massacre" title="Niederkaina massacre">massacre of a field hospital column of the 9th Polish Armored Division</a>, killing some 300 POWs, mostly wounded soldiers and medical personnel (see <i><a href="/wiki/German_atrocities_committed_against_Polish_prisoners_of_war" title="German atrocities committed against Polish prisoners of war">German atrocities committed against Polish prisoners of war</a></i>).<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Since_1945">Since 1945</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Since 1945"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Sorbs.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Sorbs.svg/180px-Flag_of_Sorbs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Sorbs.svg/270px-Flag_of_Sorbs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Sorbs.svg/360px-Flag_of_Sorbs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>The flag of the Lusatian National movement</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Krainy-historyczne-Polski.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Krainy-historyczne-Polski.png/330px-Krainy-historyczne-Polski.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Krainy-historyczne-Polski.png/500px-Krainy-historyczne-Polski.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Krainy-historyczne-Polski.png/960px-Krainy-historyczne-Polski.png 2x" data-file-width="4961" data-file-height="4961" /></a><figcaption>Lusatia (Łużyce) and other historical lands of Poland against the background of modern administrative borders (names in Polish)</figcaption></figure> <p>After World War II according to the <a href="/wiki/Potsdam_Agreement" title="Potsdam Agreement">Potsdam Agreement</a>, Lusatia was divided between <a href="/wiki/Allied-occupied_Germany" title="Allied-occupied Germany">Allied-occupied Germany</a> (<a href="/wiki/Soviet_occupation_zone" class="mw-redirect" title="Soviet occupation zone">Soviet occupation zone</a>) and the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Poland" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of Poland">Republic of Poland</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Oder%E2%80%93Neisse_line" title="Oder–Neisse line">Oder–Neisse line</a>. Poland's communist government <a href="/wiki/Flight_and_expulsion_of_Germans_from_Poland_during_and_after_World_War_II" title="Flight and expulsion of Germans from Poland during and after World War II">expelled</a> all remaining Germans and Sorbs from the area east of the Neisse river in 1945 and 1946 in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement. The Lusatian National Committee in Prague claimed the right to self-government and separation from Germany and the creation of a Lusatian Free State or attachment to <a href="/wiki/Czechoslovakia" title="Czechoslovakia">Czechoslovakia</a>. The majority of the Sorbian intelligentsia was organized in the <a href="/wiki/Domowina" title="Domowina">Domowina</a>, though, and did not wish to split from Germany. Claims asserted by the Lusatian National movement were postulates of joining Lusatia to Poland or Czechoslovakia. Between 1945 and 1947 they produced about ten memorials<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to the United States, Soviet Union, Great Britain, France, Poland, and Czechoslovakia; however, this did not bring any results. On 30 April 1946, the Lusatian National Committee also submitted a petition to the Polish Government, signed by Paweł Cyż – the minister and an official Sorbian delegate in Poland. There was also a project to proclaim a Lusatian Free State, whose Prime Minister was intended to be the Polish archaeologist of Lusatian origin, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Wojciech_K%C3%B3%C4%8Dka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wojciech Kóčka (page does not exist)">Wojciech Kóčka</a>. </p><p>In 1945, the northeastern part of Upper Lusatia west of the Neisse rejoined <a href="/wiki/Saxony" title="Saxony">Saxony</a> and in 1952, when the state was divided into three administrative areas (<i>Bezirke</i>), the Upper Lusatian region became part of the <a href="/wiki/Dresden_(Bezirk)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dresden (Bezirk)">Dresden</a> administrative region. After the East German <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1989" title="Revolutions of 1989">Revolution of 1989</a>, the state of Saxony was reestablished in 1990. Lower Lusatia remained with <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a>, from 1952 until 1990 in the <i>Bezirk</i> of <a href="/wiki/Cottbus_(Bezirk)" class="mw-redirect" title="Cottbus (Bezirk)">Cottbus</a>. </p><p>In 1950, the Sorbs obtained language and <a href="/wiki/Cultural_autonomy" class="mw-redirect" title="Cultural autonomy">cultural autonomy</a> within the then–East German state of Saxony. Lusatian schools and magazines were launched and the Domowina association was revived, although under increasing political control of the ruling Communist <a href="/wiki/Socialist_Unity_Party_of_Germany" title="Socialist Unity Party of Germany">Socialist Unity Party of Germany</a> (SED). At the same time, the large German-speaking majority of the Upper Lusatian population kept up a considerable degree of local, 'Upper Lusatian' patriotism of its own. An attempt to establish a Lusatian <a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany"><i>Land</i></a> within the Federal Republic of Germany failed after <a href="/wiki/German_reunification" title="German reunification">German reunification</a> in 1990. The constitutions of <a href="/wiki/Saxony" title="Saxony">Saxony</a> and Brandenburg guarantee cultural rights, but not autonomy, to the Sorbs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sorbs">Sorbs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Sorbs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sorben.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Sorben.jpeg/250px-Sorben.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="265" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Sorben.jpeg/330px-Sorben.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Sorben.jpeg/500px-Sorben.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="3047" data-file-height="3664" /></a><figcaption>The bilingual part of Lusatia, where the Sorbs make more than 10% of the population</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stacja_barsc_luzyce.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Stacja_barsc_luzyce.JPG/220px-Stacja_barsc_luzyce.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Stacja_barsc_luzyce.JPG/330px-Stacja_barsc_luzyce.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Stacja_barsc_luzyce.JPG/440px-Stacja_barsc_luzyce.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Bilingual station of <a href="/wiki/Forst_(Lausitz)" title="Forst (Lausitz)">Forst (Lausitz)</a></figcaption></figure> <p>More than 80,000 of the <a href="/wiki/Sorbs" title="Sorbs">Sorbian</a> <a href="/wiki/Slavic_peoples" class="mw-redirect" title="Slavic peoples">Slavic</a> minority continue to live in the region. Historically, their ancestors are West-Slavic-speaking tribes such as the <a href="/wiki/Milceni" title="Milceni">Milceni</a>, who settled in the region between the <a href="/wiki/Elbe" title="Elbe">Elbe</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Saale" title="Saale">Saale</a>. Many still speak their language (though numbers are dwindling and especially <a href="/wiki/Lower_Sorbian_language" title="Lower Sorbian language">Lower Sorbian</a> is considered endangered), and road signs are usually <a href="/wiki/Bilingual" class="mw-redirect" title="Bilingual">bilingual</a>. However, the number of all the inhabitants of this part of eastern Saxony is declining rapidly – by 20% in the last 10 to 15 years.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (March 2018)">when?</span></a></i>]</sup> Sorbs make efforts to protect their traditional culture manifested in the traditional folk costumes and the style of village houses. The coal industry in the region (like the <a href="/wiki/Schwarze_Pumpe_power_station" title="Schwarze Pumpe power station">Schwarze Pumpe power station</a> needing vast areas of land) destroyed dozens of Lusatian villages in the past and threatens some of them even now. The Sorbian language is taught at many primary and some secondary schools and at two universities (Leipzig and Prague). Project "Witaj" ("welcome!") is a project of eight preschools where Sorbian is currently the main language for a few hundred Lusatian children. </p><p>There is a daily newspaper in the Sorbian language (<i>Serbske Nowiny</i>); a Sorbian radio station (Serbski Rozhłós) uses local frequencies of two otherwise German-speaking radio stations for several hours a day. There are very limited programmes on television (once a month) in Sorbian on two regional television stations (<a href="/wiki/Rundfunk_Berlin-Brandenburg" title="Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg">RBB</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mitteldeutscher_Rundfunk" title="Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk">MDR</a> TV). </p><p>In 2020, despite the loss of the Sorbian language in most of Lusatia, there are some Sorbian traditions and habits that still live on to this day. In February, many people (mostly people from villages, regardless of German or Sorbian ancestry) will still engage in the Sorbian tradition of <i><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zampern" class="extiw" title="de:Zampern">Zampern</a></i> (a festive procession)<i>.</i> Some Sorbian dishes like boiled potatoes with linseed oil and curd (German: <i>Quark mit Leineöl</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are still prevalent and, today, are eaten in other parts of Germany (like Berlin or western Saxony) too. <i>Spreewälder Gurken</i> (pickled cucumbers potted by using a special mixture of herbs and spices) are often associated with the Sorbs even though the cucumbers themselves were introduced by Dutch migrants, who started to pickle them for higher durability. Soon Sorbs adopted the pickling and might have changed the recipes slightly over time.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The traditional Sorbian costumes are still to be worn in the Spreewald region even though mainly in the tourism industry. Recently, some women started to revive traditional clothes by using them as wedding dresses, even though this practise differs from original traditions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Demographics_in_1900">Demographics in 1900</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Demographics in 1900"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Percentage of <a href="/wiki/Sorbs" title="Sorbs">Sorbs</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cottbus" title="Cottbus">Cottbus</a> (Chóśebuz) (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Brandenburg" title="Province of Brandenburg">Province of Brandenburg</a>) 55.8%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoyerswerda" title="Hoyerswerda">Hoyerswerda</a> (Wojerecy) (<a href="/wiki/Province_of_Silesia" title="Province of Silesia">Province of Silesia</a>) 37.8%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bautzen" title="Bautzen">Bautzen</a> (Budyšin) (<a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saxony" title="Kingdom of Saxony">Kingdom of Saxony</a>) 17.7%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rothenburg,_Oberlausitz" title="Rothenburg, Oberlausitz">Rothenburg, Oberlausitz</a> (Rózbork) (Province of Silesia) 17.2%</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamenz" title="Kamenz">Kamenz</a> (Kamjenc) (Kingdom of Saxony) 7.1%</li></ul> <p>Total number: 93,032<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The percentage of <a href="/wiki/Sorbs" title="Sorbs">Serbs (Sorbs)</a> in Lusatia has decreased since the 1900 census due to intermarriage, <a href="/wiki/Germanization" class="mw-redirect" title="Germanization">germanization</a>, cultural assimilation related to industrialization and urbanization, Nazi suppression and discrimination, <a href="/wiki/Ethnocide" title="Ethnocide">ethnocide</a> and the settlement of expelled Germans after World War II, mainly from Lower Silesia and northern Bohemia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Largest_cities">Largest cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Largest cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable"></th> <th>City (German or Polish)</th> <th>Sorbian</th> <th>Population (2023)</th> <th class="unsortable">Country</th> <th>Part of Lusatia </th></tr> <tr> <td align="right">1.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cottbus" title="Cottbus">Cottbus</a></td> <td>Chóśebuz</td> <td align="right">100.010</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">2.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6rlitz" title="Görlitz">Görlitz</a></td> <td><i>Zhorjelc</i></td> <td align="right">56.694</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">3.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bautzen" title="Bautzen">Bautzen</a></td> <td>Budyšin</td> <td align="right">38.039</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">4.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C5%BBary" title="Żary">Żary</a></td> <td>Žarow</td> <td align="right">35.198</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">5.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hoyerswerda" title="Hoyerswerda">Hoyerswerda</a></td> <td>Wojerecy</td> <td align="right">31.404</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">6.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zgorzelec" title="Zgorzelec">Zgorzelec</a></td> <td>Zhorjelc</td> <td align="right">29.313</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">7.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Zittau" title="Zittau">Zittau</a></td> <td><i>Žitawa</i></td> <td align="right">24.710</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">8.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eisenh%C3%BCttenstadt" title="Eisenhüttenstadt">Eisenhüttenstadt</a></td> <td><i>Pśibrjog</i></td> <td align="right">24.447</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">9.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Senftenberg" title="Senftenberg">Senftenberg</a></td> <td>Zły Komorow</td> <td align="right">23.282</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">10.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spremberg" title="Spremberg">Spremberg</a></td> <td>Grodk</td> <td align="right">21.497</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">11.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Luba%C5%84" title="Lubań">Lubań</a></td> <td>Lubań Šlešćina</td> <td align="right">19.756</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">12.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Forst_(Lausitz)" title="Forst (Lausitz)">Forst</a></td> <td>Baršć (Łužyca)</td> <td align="right">17.721</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">13.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kamenz" title="Kamenz">Kamenz</a></td> <td>Kamjenc</td> <td align="right">16.861</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">14.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bogatynia" title="Bogatynia">Bogatynia</a></td> <td>Bogatynja</td> <td align="right">16.245</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">15.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Guben" title="Guben">Guben</a></td> <td><i>Gubin</i></td> <td align="right">16.210</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">16.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gubin,_Poland" title="Gubin, Poland">Gubin</a></td> <td>Gubin</td> <td align="right">15.798</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">17.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Finsterwalde" title="Finsterwalde">Finsterwalde</a></td> <td><i>Grabin</i></td> <td align="right">15.864</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">18.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BCbbenau/Spreewald" class="mw-redirect" title="Lübbenau/Spreewald">Lübbenau/Spreewald</a></td> <td>Lubnjow/Błota</td> <td align="right">15.774</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">19.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Wei%C3%9Fwasser/O.L." class="mw-redirect" title="Weißwasser/O.L.">Weißwasser/O.L.</a></td> <td>Běła Woda</td> <td align="right">14.992</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Oberlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="right">20.</td> <td><a href="/wiki/L%C3%B6bau" title="Löbau">Löbau</a></td> <td><i>Lubij</i></td> <td align="right">14.389</td> <td align="right"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/40px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg/60px-Flagge_Niederlausitz.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3350" data-file-height="2010" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sights">Sights</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Sights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The region is rich in architecture from various reigns, including Czech, Polish, German and Hungarian, whose styles range from <a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic</a> through <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baroque_architecture" title="Baroque architecture">Baroque</a> to modern architecture. </p><p>There are two major Sorbian museums in <a href="/wiki/Cottbus" title="Cottbus">Cottbus</a> (<i>Serbski muzej Chóśebuz</i>) and <a href="/wiki/Bautzen" title="Bautzen">Bautzen</a> (<i>Serbski muzej Budyšin</i>). </p><p>In Poland, notable museums include the <i>Muzeum Łużyckie</i> ("Lusatian Museum") in <a href="/wiki/Zgorzelec" title="Zgorzelec">Zgorzelec</a> and the <i>Muzeum Pogranicza Śląsko-Łużyckiego</i> ("Museum of Silesian-Lusatian Borderland") in <a href="/wiki/%C5%BBary" title="Żary">Żary</a>. </p><p>Zgorzelec is home to one of Poland's largest war cemeteries. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Brand-Briesen_Airfield" title="Brand-Briesen Airfield">CargoLifter airship hangar</a> that now houses the <a href="/wiki/Tropical_Islands_Resort" title="Tropical Islands Resort">Tropical Islands Resort</a> is the largest freebearing hall in the world. </p><p>The Saurierpark Kleinwelka is Germany's largest dinosaur park. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="UNESCO_world_heritage_sites">UNESCO world heritage sites</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: UNESCO world heritage sites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Muskau_Park" title="Muskau Park">Muskau Park</a> in <a href="/wiki/Bad_Muskau" title="Bad Muskau">Bad Muskau</a> (<i>Mužakow</i>) and <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C4%99knica" title="Łęknica">Łęknica</a> is a <a href="/wiki/World_Heritage_Site" title="World Heritage Site">World Heritage Site</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Historic_Monuments_(Poland)" title="List of Historic Monuments (Poland)">Historic Monument of Poland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Herrnhut" title="Herrnhut">Herrnhut</a> is also a UNESCO world heritage site since 2024. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Spree_Forest" title="Spree Forest">Spree Forest</a> as well as the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Lusatian_Heath_and_Pond_Landscape" title="Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape">Upper Lusatian Heath and Pond Landscape</a> are UNESCO <a href="/wiki/Biosphere_reserves" class="mw-redirect" title="Biosphere reserves">biosphere reserves</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Das_neue_Schloss_im_F%C3%BCrst-_P%C3%BCckler-Park.IMG_9438WI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Schloss Muskau"><img alt="Schloss Muskau" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Das_neue_Schloss_im_F%C3%BCrst-_P%C3%BCckler-Park.IMG_9438WI.jpg/271px-Das_neue_Schloss_im_F%C3%BCrst-_P%C3%BCckler-Park.IMG_9438WI.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Das_neue_Schloss_im_F%C3%BCrst-_P%C3%BCckler-Park.IMG_9438WI.jpg/407px-Das_neue_Schloss_im_F%C3%BCrst-_P%C3%BCckler-Park.IMG_9438WI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Das_neue_Schloss_im_F%C3%BCrst-_P%C3%BCckler-Park.IMG_9438WI.jpg/542px-Das_neue_Schloss_im_F%C3%BCrst-_P%C3%BCckler-Park.IMG_9438WI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4950" data-file-height="3288" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Schloss_Muskau" title="Schloss Muskau">Schloss Muskau</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rakotzbr%C3%BCcke_2021_06.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rakotz Bridge"><img alt="Rakotz Bridge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Rakotzbr%C3%BCcke_2021_06.jpg/250px-Rakotzbr%C3%BCcke_2021_06.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Rakotzbr%C3%BCcke_2021_06.jpg/500px-Rakotzbr%C3%BCcke_2021_06.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Rakotz_Bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Rakotz Bridge">Rakotz Bridge</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 181.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 179.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:2023-08_Muskauer_Park_(24).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Muskau Park"><img alt="Muskau Park" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/2023-08_Muskauer_Park_%2824%29.jpg/269px-2023-08_Muskauer_Park_%2824%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/2023-08_Muskauer_Park_%2824%29.jpg/404px-2023-08_Muskauer_Park_%2824%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/2023-08_Muskauer_Park_%2824%29.jpg/538px-2023-08_Muskauer_Park_%2824%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Muskau_Park" title="Muskau Park">Muskau Park</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:20-05-13-Tropical-Islands-0883_1-RalfR.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="CargoLifter airship hangar"><img alt="CargoLifter airship hangar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/20-05-13-Tropical-Islands-0883_1-RalfR.jpg/241px-20-05-13-Tropical-Islands-0883_1-RalfR.jpg" decoding="async" width="161" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/20-05-13-Tropical-Islands-0883_1-RalfR.jpg/361px-20-05-13-Tropical-Islands-0883_1-RalfR.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/20-05-13-Tropical-Islands-0883_1-RalfR.jpg/481px-20-05-13-Tropical-Islands-0883_1-RalfR.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3963" data-file-height="2968" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Brand-Briesen_Airfield" title="Brand-Briesen Airfield">CargoLifter airship hangar</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 192.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 190.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tropical_Islands_Draufsicht.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Tropical Islands Resort"><img alt="Tropical Islands Resort" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Tropical_Islands_Draufsicht.JPG/330px-Tropical_Islands_Draufsicht.JPG" decoding="async" width="191" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Tropical_Islands_Draufsicht.JPG/500px-Tropical_Islands_Draufsicht.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Tropical_Islands_Draufsicht.JPG/960px-Tropical_Islands_Draufsicht.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="1573" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Tropical_Islands_Resort" title="Tropical Islands Resort">Tropical Islands Resort</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 186.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 184.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Im_Spreewald_03.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Spree Forest"><img alt="Spree Forest" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Im_Spreewald_03.jpg/330px-Im_Spreewald_03.jpg" decoding="async" width="185" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Im_Spreewald_03.jpg/500px-Im_Spreewald_03.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Im_Spreewald_03.jpg/960px-Im_Spreewald_03.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4387" data-file-height="2851" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Spree_Forest" title="Spree Forest">Spree Forest</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:D-SN-Boxberg_-_Kraftwerk_Boxberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Findlingspark Nochten (Nochten Glacial Erratic Park)"><img alt="Findlingspark Nochten (Nochten Glacial Erratic Park)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/D-SN-Boxberg_-_Kraftwerk_Boxberg.jpg/250px-D-SN-Boxberg_-_Kraftwerk_Boxberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/D-SN-Boxberg_-_Kraftwerk_Boxberg.jpg/500px-D-SN-Boxberg_-_Kraftwerk_Boxberg.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Findlingspark Nochten (Nochten Glacial Erratic Park)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Slawenburg_Raddusch_(Radu%C5%A1)_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Raddusch Slavic Castle"><img alt="Raddusch Slavic Castle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Slawenburg_Raddusch_%28Radu%C5%A1%29_01.JPG/240px-Slawenburg_Raddusch_%28Radu%C5%A1%29_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Slawenburg_Raddusch_%28Radu%C5%A1%29_01.JPG/360px-Slawenburg_Raddusch_%28Radu%C5%A1%29_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Slawenburg_Raddusch_%28Radu%C5%A1%29_01.JPG/480px-Slawenburg_Raddusch_%28Radu%C5%A1%29_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Vetschau" title="Vetschau">Raddusch</a> Slavic Castle</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blick_vom_G%C3%B6tzen_Stein_im_Zittauer_Gebirge...2H1A9275WI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Olbersdorfer See"><img alt="Olbersdorfer See" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Blick_vom_G%C3%B6tzen_Stein_im_Zittauer_Gebirge...2H1A9275WI.jpg/330px-Blick_vom_G%C3%B6tzen_Stein_im_Zittauer_Gebirge...2H1A9275WI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Blick_vom_G%C3%B6tzen_Stein_im_Zittauer_Gebirge...2H1A9275WI.jpg/500px-Blick_vom_G%C3%B6tzen_Stein_im_Zittauer_Gebirge...2H1A9275WI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Blick_vom_G%C3%B6tzen_Stein_im_Zittauer_Gebirge...2H1A9275WI.jpg/960px-Blick_vom_G%C3%B6tzen_Stein_im_Zittauer_Gebirge...2H1A9275WI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Olbersdorf" title="Olbersdorf">Olbersdorfer</a> See</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 213.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zittauer_Schmalspurbahn_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Zittau–Oybin/Jonsdorf railway"><img alt="Zittau–Oybin/Jonsdorf railway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Zittauer_Schmalspurbahn_-_panoramio.jpg/330px-Zittauer_Schmalspurbahn_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="214" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Zittauer_Schmalspurbahn_-_panoramio.jpg/500px-Zittauer_Schmalspurbahn_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Zittauer_Schmalspurbahn_-_panoramio.jpg/960px-Zittauer_Schmalspurbahn_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2056" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Zittau%E2%80%93Oybin/Jonsdorf_railway" title="Zittau–Oybin/Jonsdorf railway">Zittau–Oybin/Jonsdorf railway</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kromlau_Asiatische-Br%C3%BCcke_Inselteich_20240520_123012.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kromlau Azalea and Rhododendron Park"><img alt="Kromlau Azalea and Rhododendron Park" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Kromlau_Asiatische-Br%C3%BCcke_Inselteich_20240520_123012.jpg/240px-Kromlau_Asiatische-Br%C3%BCcke_Inselteich_20240520_123012.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Kromlau_Asiatische-Br%C3%BCcke_Inselteich_20240520_123012.jpg/360px-Kromlau_Asiatische-Br%C3%BCcke_Inselteich_20240520_123012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Kromlau_Asiatische-Br%C3%BCcke_Inselteich_20240520_123012.jpg/480px-Kromlau_Asiatische-Br%C3%BCcke_Inselteich_20240520_123012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kromlau_Azalea_and_Rhododendron_Park" title="Kromlau Azalea and Rhododendron Park">Kromlau Azalea and Rhododendron Park</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 106.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 104.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Erlebnispark_%22Teichland%22_(Naturschutzgebiet_bei_Peitz).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Teichland tower"><img alt="Teichland tower" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Erlebnispark_%22Teichland%22_%28Naturschutzgebiet_bei_Peitz%29.jpg/250px-Erlebnispark_%22Teichland%22_%28Naturschutzgebiet_bei_Peitz%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="105" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Erlebnispark_%22Teichland%22_%28Naturschutzgebiet_bei_Peitz%29.jpg/330px-Erlebnispark_%22Teichland%22_%28Naturschutzgebiet_bei_Peitz%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="838" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Teichland" title="Teichland">Teichland</a> tower</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cottbus_07-2017_img03_Teichland.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Grove of Slavic Gods"><img alt="Grove of Slavic Gods" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cottbus_07-2017_img03_Teichland.jpg/330px-Cottbus_07-2017_img03_Teichland.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cottbus_07-2017_img03_Teichland.jpg/500px-Cottbus_07-2017_img03_Teichland.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Cottbus_07-2017_img03_Teichland.jpg/960px-Cottbus_07-2017_img03_Teichland.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5288" data-file-height="3525" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Cottbuser_Ostsee" title="Cottbuser Ostsee">Grove of Slavic Gods</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lausitzer_Seenland_2022.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Lusatian Lake District"><img alt="Lusatian Lake District" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Lausitzer_Seenland_2022.jpg/270px-Lausitzer_Seenland_2022.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Lausitzer_Seenland_2022.jpg/405px-Lausitzer_Seenland_2022.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Lausitzer_Seenland_2022.jpg/540px-Lausitzer_Seenland_2022.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1772" data-file-height="1181" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Lusatian_Lake_District" title="Lusatian Lake District">Lusatian Lake District</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kleiner_Schwielochsee_03.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Schwielochsee"><img alt="Schwielochsee" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Kleiner_Schwielochsee_03.JPG/330px-Kleiner_Schwielochsee_03.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Kleiner_Schwielochsee_03.JPG/500px-Kleiner_Schwielochsee_03.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Kleiner_Schwielochsee_03.JPG/960px-Kleiner_Schwielochsee_03.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5427" data-file-height="3618" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Schwielochsee_(lake)" title="Schwielochsee (lake)">Schwielochsee</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bautzen_Kleinwelka_-_Saurierpark_01_ies.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saurierpark Kleinwelka"><img alt="Saurierpark Kleinwelka" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Bautzen_Kleinwelka_-_Saurierpark_01_ies.jpg/270px-Bautzen_Kleinwelka_-_Saurierpark_01_ies.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Bautzen_Kleinwelka_-_Saurierpark_01_ies.jpg/405px-Bautzen_Kleinwelka_-_Saurierpark_01_ies.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Bautzen_Kleinwelka_-_Saurierpark_01_ies.jpg/540px-Bautzen_Kleinwelka_-_Saurierpark_01_ies.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Saurierpark Kleinwelka</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Oybin_(21774610218).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Oybin mountain cemetery"><img alt="Oybin mountain cemetery" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Oybin_%2821774610218%29.jpg/270px-Oybin_%2821774610218%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Oybin_%2821774610218%29.jpg/405px-Oybin_%2821774610218%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Oybin_%2821774610218%29.jpg/540px-Oybin_%2821774610218%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Oybin_(hill)" title="Oybin (hill)">Oybin mountain cemetery</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blick_auf_den_Berg_Oybin_in_Zittauer_Gebirge..2H1A9122WI.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Oybin castle ruin"><img alt="Oybin castle ruin" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Blick_auf_den_Berg_Oybin_in_Zittauer_Gebirge..2H1A9122WI.jpg/270px-Blick_auf_den_Berg_Oybin_in_Zittauer_Gebirge..2H1A9122WI.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Blick_auf_den_Berg_Oybin_in_Zittauer_Gebirge..2H1A9122WI.jpg/405px-Blick_auf_den_Berg_Oybin_in_Zittauer_Gebirge..2H1A9122WI.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Blick_auf_den_Berg_Oybin_in_Zittauer_Gebirge..2H1A9122WI.jpg/540px-Blick_auf_den_Berg_Oybin_in_Zittauer_Gebirge..2H1A9122WI.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3648" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Oybin_(hill)" title="Oybin (hill)">Oybin castle ruin</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Herrnhut" title="Herrnhut">Herrnhut</a> <a href="/wiki/Moravian_Church" title="Moravian Church">Moravian Church</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nicolaus_Zinzendorf" title="Nicolaus Zinzendorf">Nicolaus Zinzendorf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lusatian_League" title="Lusatian League">Lusatian League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milceni" title="Milceni">Milceni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wends" title="Wends">Wends</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obotrites" title="Obotrites">Obotrites</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-zary-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-zary_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-zary_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210712093620/http://www.zary.pl/PL/87/Stolica_Polskich_Luzyc/">"STOLICA POLSKICH ŁUŻYC – Żary"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.zary.pl/PL/87/Stolica_Polskich_Luzyc/">the original</a> on 2021-07-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-09-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=STOLICA+POLSKICH+%C5%81U%C5%BBYC+%E2%80%93+%C5%BBary&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.zary.pl%2FPL%2F87%2FStolica_Polskich_Luzyc%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPieradzka1949" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pieradzka, Krystyna (1949). "Związki handlowe Łużyc ze Śląskiem w dawnych wiekach". <i>Sobótka</i> (in Polish). <b>IV</b> (4). Wrocław: <span class="nowrap">89–</span>91.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sob%C3%B3tka&rft.atitle=Zwi%C4%85zki+handlowe+%C5%81u%C5%BCyc+ze+%C5%9Al%C4%85skiem+w+dawnych+wiekach&rft.volume=IV&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E89-%3C%2Fspan%3E91&rft.date=1949&rft.aulast=Pieradzka&rft.aufirst=Krystyna&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBogusławski1861" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bogusławski, Wilhelm (1861). <i>Rys dziejów serbo-łużyckich</i> (in Polish). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bundesarchiv.de&rft.atitle=Gef%C3%A4ngnis+G%C3%B6rlitz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundesarchiv.de%2Fzwangsarbeit%2Fhaftstaetten%2Findex.php%3Faction%3D2.2%26tab%3D7%26id%3D1557&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bundesarchiv.de/zwangsarbeit/haftstaetten/index.php?action=2.2&tab=7&id=2576">"Zuchthaus Luckau"</a>. <i>Bundesarchiv.de</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Schnurps. Knack"</a>. <i>Faz.net</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Faz.net&rft.atitle=Spreewaldgurken%3A+Knack.+Schnurps.+Knack.&rft.aulast=Reimann&rft.aufirst=Marieke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.faz.net%2Faktuell%2Fgesellschaft%2Fdie-erstaunliche-karriere-der-spreewaldgurke-14121188.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">All figures from the 1900 census.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isap.sejm.gov.pl/isap.nsf/DocDetails.xsp?id=WDU20041021059">Rozporządzenie Prezydenta Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 14 kwietnia 2004 r. w sprawie uznania za pomnik historii</a>, Dz. U., 2004, vol. 102, No. 1059 </span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Micklitza, Kerstin and André: <i>Lausitz – Unterwegs zwischen Spreewald und Zittauer Gebirge</i>. 5. aktualisierte und erweiterte Aufl. Trescher Verlag, Berlin 2016. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-89794-330-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-89794-330-8">978-3-89794-330-8</a>.</li> <li>Brie, André: <i>Lausitz – Landschaft mit neuem Gesicht</i>. <a href="/wiki/Michael_Imhof_Verlag" title="Michael Imhof Verlag">Michael Imhof Verlag</a>, Petersberg 2011. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-865-68538-2" title="Special:BookSources/3-865-68538-2">3-865-68538-2</a>.</li> <li>Micklitza, Kerstin and André: <i>HB-Bildatlas Spreewald-Lausitz</i>. 4. aktualisierte Aufl. HB Verlag, Ostfildern 2008. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-616-06115-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-616-06115-3">978-3-616-06115-3</a>.</li> <li>Jacob, Ulf: <i>Zwischen Autobahn und Heide. Das Lausitzbild im Dritten Reich. Eine Studie zur Entstehung, Ideologie und Funktion symbolischer Sinnwelten</i>. Hrsg. von der Internationalen Bauausstellung Fürst-Pückler-Land, Großräschen (<i>Zeitmaschine Lausitz</i>), Verlag der Kunst, Dresden in der Verlagsgruppe Husum, Husum 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-86530-002-2" title="Special:BookSources/3-86530-002-2">3-86530-002-2</a>.</li> <li>Freiherr von Vietinghoff-Riesch, Arnold: <i>Der Oberlausitzer Wald – seine Geschichte und seine Struktur bis 1945</i> [reprint]. Oberlausitzer Verlag, Spitzkunnersdorf 2004. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-933827-46-9" title="Special:BookSources/3-933827-46-9">3-933827-46-9</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKoenitz2010" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Koenitz, Bernd (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=170766">"Unwürde, Lubij, Dažin, Stwěšin und andere Namen altsorbischer Herkunft. Miszellanea und manches Systemhafte"</a> [Unwürde, Lubij, Dažin, Stwěšin and Other Names of Old Sorbian Origin. Miscellanea and Some Arguments of a Systemic Nature (Part I)]. <i>Lětopis</i> (in German) (2): <span class="nowrap">95–</span>118.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=L%C4%9Btopis&rft.atitle=Unw%C3%BCrde%2C+Lubij%2C+Da%C5%BEin%2C+Stw%C4%9B%C5%A1in+und+andere+Namen+altsorbischer+Herkunft.+Miszellanea+und+manches+Systemhafte&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E95-%3C%2Fspan%3E118&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Koenitz&rft.aufirst=Bernd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Fsearch%2Farticle-detail%3Fid%3D170766&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKoenitz2011" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Koenitz, Bernd (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=6546">"Unwürde, Lubij, Dažin, Stwěšin und andere Namen altsorbischer Herkunft. Miszellanea und manches Systemhafte (Teil II)"</a> [Unwürde, Lubij, Dažin, Stwěšin and Other Names of Old Sorbian origin. Miscellanea and Some Arguments of a Systemic Nature (Part II)]. <i>Lětopis</i> (in German) (1): <span class="nowrap">91–</span>115.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=L%C4%9Btopis&rft.atitle=Unw%C3%BCrde%2C+Lubij%2C+Da%C5%BEin%2C+Stw%C4%9B%C5%A1in+und+andere+Namen+altsorbischer+Herkunft.+Miszellanea+und+manches+Systemhafte+%28Teil+II%29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E91-%3C%2Fspan%3E115&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Koenitz&rft.aufirst=Bernd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Fsearch%2Farticle-detail%3Fid%3D6546&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKoenitz2016" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Koenitz, Bernd (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=443037">"Unverstandene Lausitzer Ortsnamen"</a> [Misunderstood Lusatian Place Names]. <i>Lětopis</i> (in German) (2): <span class="nowrap">38–</span>62.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=L%C4%9Btopis&rft.atitle=Unverstandene+Lausitzer+Ortsnamen&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E38-%3C%2Fspan%3E62&rft.date=2016&rft.aulast=Koenitz&rft.aufirst=Bernd&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Fsearch%2Farticle-detail%3Fid%3D443037&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchuster-Šewc2008" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Schuster-%C5%A0ewc" title="Heinz Schuster-Šewc">Schuster-Šewc, Heinz</a> (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=142729">"Die Ortsnamen der Lausitz – Anmerkungen zum Stand ihrer Erforschung"</a> [The Place Names of Lusatia – Notes on the Present State of Research]. <i>Lětopis</i> (in German) (2): <span class="nowrap">94–</span>108.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=L%C4%9Btopis&rft.atitle=Die+Ortsnamen+der+Lausitz+%E2%80%93+Anmerkungen+zum+Stand+ihrer+Erforschung&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E94-%3C%2Fspan%3E108&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Schuster-%C5%A0ewc&rft.aufirst=Heinz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Fsearch%2Farticle-detail%3Fid%3D142729&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchuster-Šewc2009" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Schuster-%C5%A0ewc" title="Heinz Schuster-Šewc">Schuster-Šewc, Heinz</a> (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=120878">"Die Ortsnamen der Lausitz (Teil II)"</a> [The place names of Lusatia (Part II)]. <i>Lětopis</i> (in German) (2): <span class="nowrap">103–</span>123.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=L%C4%9Btopis&rft.atitle=Die+Ortsnamen+der+Lausitz+%28Teil+II%29&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E103-%3C%2Fspan%3E123&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Schuster-%C5%A0ewc&rft.aufirst=Heinz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Fsearch%2Farticle-detail%3Fid%3D120878&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSchuster-Šewc2009" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Schuster-%C5%A0ewc" title="Heinz Schuster-Šewc">Schuster-Šewc, Heinz</a> (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=6537">"Die Ortsnamen der Lausitz (Teil III)"</a> [The place names of Lusatia (Part III)]. <i>Lětopis</i> (in German) (1): <span class="nowrap">116–</span>130.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=L%C4%9Btopis&rft.atitle=Die+Ortsnamen+der+Lausitz+%28Teil+III%29&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E116-%3C%2Fspan%3E130&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Schuster-%C5%A0ewc&rft.aufirst=Heinz&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Fsearch%2Farticle-detail%3Fid%3D6537&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWenzel2008" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wenzel, Walter (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=20463">"Neue Deutungen Oberlausitzer Ortsnamen"</a> [New Interpretations of Upper Sorbian Place Names]. <i>Lětopis</i> (in German) (1): <span class="nowrap">76–</span>92.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=L%C4%9Btopis&rft.atitle=Neue+Deutungen+Oberlausitzer+Ortsnamen&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E76-%3C%2Fspan%3E92&rft.date=2008&rft.aulast=Wenzel&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Fsearch%2Farticle-detail%3Fid%3D20463&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWenzel2010" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wenzel, Walter (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=170756">"Problematische Deutungen Lausitzer Ortsnamen"</a> [Problematic Meanings of Lusatian Place Names]. <i>Lětopis</i> (in German) (2): <span class="nowrap">119–</span>130.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=L%C4%9Btopis&rft.atitle=Problematische+Deutungen+Lausitzer+Ortsnamen&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E119-%3C%2Fspan%3E130&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Wenzel&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Fsearch%2Farticle-detail%3Fid%3D170756&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWenzel2018" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wenzel, Walter (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=852511">"Die Klassifizierung altsorbischer Orts-, Personenund Stammesnamen"</a> [The Classification of Old Sorbian Place Names, Proper Names, and Tribal Names]. <i>Lětopis</i> (in German) (1): <span class="nowrap">101–</span>111.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=L%C4%9Btopis&rft.atitle=Die+Klassifizierung+altsorbischer+Orts-%2C+Personenund+Stammesnamen&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E101-%3C%2Fspan%3E111&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Wenzel&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Fsearch%2Farticle-detail%3Fid%3D852511&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWenzel2020" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wenzel, Walter (2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=920730">"Neue Deutungen altsorbischer Orts- und Stammesnamen"</a> [New Meanings of Old Sorbian Place and Tribe Names]. <i>Lětopis</i> (in German) (2): <span class="nowrap">77–</span>84.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=L%C4%9Btopis&rft.atitle=Neue+Deutungen+altsorbischer+Orts-+und+Stammesnamen&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E77-%3C%2Fspan%3E84&rft.date=2020&rft.aulast=Wenzel&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeol.com%2Fsearch%2Farticle-detail%3Fid%3D920730&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lusatia&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Lusatia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Lusatia">Lusatia</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Lusatia"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Lusatia">"Lusatia" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 17 (11th ed.). 1911.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Lusatia&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALusatia" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output 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