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Kabihasnang Etrusko - Wikipedia, ang malayang ensiklopedya
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id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Pangunahing pagpipilian</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">itago</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Maglibot </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Unang_Pahina" title="Puntahan ang unang pahina [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Unang pahina</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tingnan_ang_buod" title="Mga gabay sa pagbabasa ng laktaw-laktaw sa Wikipedia"><span>Mga nilalaman</span></a></li><li id="n-Napiling-nilalaman" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Mga_napiling_artikulo"><span>Napiling nilalaman</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Alin_man" title="Magpalabas ng kahit-anong artikulo [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Alinmang artikulo</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Patungkol"><span>Patungkol sa Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kasalukuyang_pangyayari" title="Hanapin ang mga impormasyon tungkol sa mga kamakailang kaganapan"><span>Mga kaganapan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> 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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Mga huling binago</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Makipag-ugnayan_sa_amin" title="Paano makokontak ang Wikipedia"><span>Makipag-ugnayan</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tulong" title="Ang lugar para maghanap ng tulong sa Wikipedia."><span>Tulong</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Unang_Pahina" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ang Malayang Ensiklopedya" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-tl.svg" width="119" height="13" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> 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type="search" name="search" placeholder="Maghanap sa Wikipedia" aria-label="Maghanap sa Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Maghanap sa Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Natatangi:Maghanap"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Hanapin</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Mga pansariling kagamitan"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Itsura"> <div 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_tl.wikipedia.org&uselang=tl" class=""><span>Donasyon</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Likhain_ang_kuwenta&returnto=Kabihasnang+Etrusko" title="Mas maganda kung gagawa ka ng account at magla-login; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito" class=""><span>Gumawa ng account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Natatangi:Paglagda_ng_tagagamit&returnto=Kabihasnang+Etrusko" title="Mas maganda kung magla-login ka; gayunpaman, hindi ka pinipilit gawin ito [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Mag-login</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Marami pang pagpipilian" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mga pansariling kagamitan" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon 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class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Usapan_ko" title="Usapang tungkol sa mga pagbabagong ginawa sa ip address na ito [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Usapan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sayt"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Mga nilalaman" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Mga nilalaman</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ilipat sa gilid</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">itago</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Simula</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Mga_pangalan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mga_pangalan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Mga pangalan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mga_pangalan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pinagmulan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pinagmulan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Pinagmulan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pinagmulan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lupaing_sakop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lupaing_sakop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Lupaing sakop</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lupaing_sakop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Wika" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Wika"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Wika</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Wika-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tingnan_din" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tingnan_din"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Tingnan din</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tingnan_din-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mga_sanggunian" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mga_sanggunian"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Mga sanggunian</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mga_sanggunian-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Mga nilalaman" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Itago/Ipakita ang talaan ng mga nilalaman" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Itago/Ipakita ang talaan ng mga nilalaman</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Kabihasnang Etrusko</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pumunta sa isang artikulo na nakasulat sa ibang wika. Mayroon ito sa 91 (na) wika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-91" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">91 wika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="mga napiling artikulo"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruskers" title="Etruskers – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Etruskers" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrusker" title="Etrusker – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Etrusker" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الحضارة الإترورية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الحضارة الإترورية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86" title="إتروسكيين – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="إتروسكيين" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscos" title="Etruscos – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Etruscos" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrusklar" title="Etrusklar – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Etrusklar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="اتروسکلار – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اتروسکلار" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Этрускі – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Этрускі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%96" title="Этрускі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Этрускі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Етруски – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Етруски" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="इत्रिस्की सभ्यता – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इत्रिस्की सभ्यता" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%8F%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE" title="এট্রুস্কান সভ্যতা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="এট্রুস্কান সভ্যতা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrusked" title="Etrusked – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Etrusked" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscs" title="Etruscs – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Etruscs" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruschi" title="Etruschi – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Etruschi" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruskov%C3%A9" title="Etruskové – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Etruskové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Этрусксем – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Этрусксем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrwsciaid" title="Etrwsciaid – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Etrwsciaid" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruskere" title="Etruskere – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Etruskere" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrusker" title="Etrusker – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Etrusker" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8D%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%B9" title="Ετρούσκοι – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ετρούσκοι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eml mw-list-item"><a href="https://eml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrosch" title="Etrosch – Emiliano-Romagnolo" lang="egl" hreflang="egl" data-title="Etrosch" data-language-autonym="Emiliàn e rumagnòl" data-language-local-name="Emiliano-Romagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Emiliàn e rumagnòl</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Etruscan civilization" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruskoj" title="Etruskoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Etruskoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscos" title="Etruscos – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Etruscos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruskid" title="Etruskid – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Etruskid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruriar" title="Etruriar – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Etruriar" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscus" title="Etruscus – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Etruscus" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9" title="تمدن اتروسک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تمدن اتروسک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruskit" title="Etruskit – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Etruskit" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="mga napiling artikulo"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89trusques" title="Étrusques – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Étrusques" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrusken" title="Etrusken – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Etrusken" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscos" title="Etruscos – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Etruscos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%98%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%9D" title="אטרוסקים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אטרוסקים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="इत्रस्की सभ्यता – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इत्रस्की सभ्यता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etru%C5%A1%C4%8Dani" title="Etruščani – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Etruščani" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruszkok" title="Etruszkok – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Etruszkok" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%BF%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%BD%D5%AF%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Էտրուսկներ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էտրուսկներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscos" title="Etruscos – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Etruscos" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peradaban_Etruria" title="Peradaban Etruria – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Peradaban Etruria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruriani" title="Etruriani – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Etruriani" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruschi" title="Etruschi – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Etruschi" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E4%BA%BA" title="エトルリア人 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エトルリア人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%98" title="ეტრუსკები – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ეტრუსკები" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%ED%8A%B8%EB%A3%A8%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%84%EC%9D%B8" title="에트루리아인 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에트루리아인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etr%C3%BBsk" title="Etrûsk – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Etrûsk" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrusci" title="Etrusci – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Etrusci" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrusker" title="Etrusker – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Etrusker" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrusca_(sivilia)" title="Etrusca (sivilia) – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Etrusca (sivilia)" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Popolo_etrusco" title="Popolo etrusco – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Popolo etrusco" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrusch" title="Etrusch – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Etrusch" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruskai" title="Etruskai – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Etruskai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruski" title="Etruski – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Etruski" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etroska_(vahoaka)" title="Etroska (vahoaka) – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Etroska (vahoaka)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Етрурци – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Етрурци" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamadun_Etruria" title="Tamadun Etruria – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Tamadun Etruria" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrusche" title="Etrusche – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Etrusche" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="mga napiling artikulo"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrusken" title="Etrusken – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Etrusken" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruskarar" title="Etruskarar – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Etruskarar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruskere" title="Etruskere – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Etruskere" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tr%C3%BBques" title="Étrûques – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Étrûques" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscs" title="Etruscs – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Etruscs" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruskowie" title="Etruskowie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Etruskowie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%86" title="ایتروسکان تمدن – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="ایتروسکان تمدن" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscos" title="Etruscos – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Etruscos" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civiliza%C8%9Bia_etrusc%C4%83" title="Civilizația etruscă – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Civilizația etruscă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Этруски – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Этруски" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscos" title="Etruscos – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Etruscos" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruschi" title="Etruschi – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Etruschi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_ceevilisation" title="Etruscan ceevilisation – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Etruscan ceevilisation" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrurci" title="Etrurci – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Etrurci" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_civilization" title="Etruscan civilization – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Etruscan civilization" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruskovia" title="Etruskovia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Etruskovia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9_%D8%B3%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86" title="اتروسک سویلائزیشن – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="اتروسک سویلائزیشن" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etru%C5%A1%C4%8Dani" title="Etruščani – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Etruščani" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrusk%C3%ABt" title="Etruskët – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Etruskët" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%80%D1%86%D0%B8" title="Етрурци – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Етрурци" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrusker" title="Etrusker – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Etrusker" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waetruski" title="Waetruski – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Waetruski" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="อารยธรรมอิทรัสคัน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อารยธรรมอิทรัสคัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etr%C3%BCskler" title="Etrüskler – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Etrüskler" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Етруски – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Етруски" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%DA%A9_%D8%AA%DB%81%D8%B0%DB%8C%D8%A8" title="اتروسک تہذیب – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اتروسک تہذیب" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etrusklar" title="Etrusklar – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Etrusklar" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruschi" title="Etruschi – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Etruschi" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%83n_minh_Etrusca" title="Văn minh Etrusca – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Văn minh Etrusca" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sibilisasyon_Etrusko" title="Sibilisasyon Etrusko – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sibilisasyon Etrusko" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E7%89%B9%E9%B2%81%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E" title="伊特鲁里亚文明 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊特鲁里亚文明" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%99%E1%83%94%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="ეტრუსკეფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ეტრუსკეფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%8E%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E" title="伊特拉斯坎文明 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伊特拉斯坎文明" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%A5%9A%E6%96%AF%E8%82%AF%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E" title="伊楚斯肯文明 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊楚斯肯文明" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q17161#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Baguhin ang link sa ibang wika" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Idinirekta mula sa <a href="/w/index.php?title=Etruscans&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Etruscans">Etruscans</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="tl" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Museo_archeologico_di_Firenze,_statuia_funeraria_da_Chianciano,_V_sec._a.c._2.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Museo_archeologico_di_Firenze%2C_statuia_funeraria_da_Chianciano%2C_V_sec._a.c._2.JPG/220px-Museo_archeologico_di_Firenze%2C_statuia_funeraria_da_Chianciano%2C_V_sec._a.c._2.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Museo_archeologico_di_Firenze%2C_statuia_funeraria_da_Chianciano%2C_V_sec._a.c._2.JPG/330px-Museo_archeologico_di_Firenze%2C_statuia_funeraria_da_Chianciano%2C_V_sec._a.c._2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Museo_archeologico_di_Firenze%2C_statuia_funeraria_da_Chianciano%2C_V_sec._a.c._2.JPG/440px-Museo_archeologico_di_Firenze%2C_statuia_funeraria_da_Chianciano%2C_V_sec._a.c._2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>Mga istatuwa ng magkatabing babae at lalaking Etrusko. Isa itong <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sarkopago&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sarkopago (hindi pa naisusulat)">sarkopago</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Ang mga <b>Etrusko</b> (Ingles: <i>Etruscans</i>) ay ang pinakamahalagang mga tao sa sinaunang Italya noong bago dumating ang sinaunang mga Romano. Namuhay sila sa <a href="/wiki/Etruria" title="Etruria">Etruria</a>, na kilala sa kasalukuyan bilang <a href="/wiki/Tuskanya" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuskanya">Tuskanya</a>. Nagtatag sila ng isang makapangyarihang imperyo sa hilagang-kanluran ng Italya. Sila ang unang mga naghari sa <a href="/wiki/Roma" title="Roma">Roma</a>. Nasa kaganapan ang kanilang imperyo noong mga 500 BK. Pagsapit ng mga 300 BK, nasanib ang <b>Imperyong Etrusko</b> sa kabihasnan ng <a href="/wiki/Sinaunang_Roma" title="Sinaunang Roma">sinaunang Roma</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WWT_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WWT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mga_pangalan">Mga pangalan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabihasnang_Etrusko&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Mga pangalan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabihasnang_Etrusko&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Mga pangalan"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Tinawag ng sinaunang mga Romano ang mga Etrusko bilang mga taong <i>Tusci</i>, ang pinag-ugatan ng pangalan para sa pangkasalukuyang Tuskanya. Tinawag naman sila ng sinaunang mga Griyego bilang mga Tireneano o mga <i>Tyrrenian</i>, ang pinagmulan ng pangalan ng isang dagat na nasa may Tuskanya.<sup id="cite_ref-Gardner_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gardner-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pinagmulan">Pinagmulan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabihasnang_Etrusko&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Pinagmulan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabihasnang_Etrusko&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Pinagmulan"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Walang sinuman ang nakatitiyak sa pinagmulan ng mga Etrusko, subalit nakapag-iwan sila ng maraming bilang ng mga panitik o inskipsiyong hindi pa ganap na nauunawaan ng mga dalubhasa.<sup id="cite_ref-WWT_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WWT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gardner_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gardner-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Ayon sa sinaunang mga may-akda, nagmula ang mga Etrusko sa silangan. Batay sa Griyegong manunulat ng kasaysayang si <a href="/wiki/Herodotus" class="mw-redirect" title="Herodotus">Herodotus</a>, nagmula ang mga ito sa <a href="/wiki/Lydia" title="Lydia">Lydia</a> ng <a href="/wiki/Asya_Menor" title="Asya Menor">Asya Menor</a>. Idinagdag pa ni Herodotus na pinamunuan ni Haring <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tyrsenos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tyrsenos (hindi pa naisusulat)">Tyrsenos</a> ang mga Etrusko sa kanilang paglalakbay na ito. Isinulat naman ni <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_ng_Halicarnassus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dionysius ng Halicarnassus (hindi pa naisusulat)">Dionysius ng Halicarnassus</a> na katutubong mga Italyano ang mga ito. May mga makabagong mananaliksik na nagpapanukalang nagmula sila sa hilagang papuntang Italya.<sup id="cite_ref-Gardner_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gardner-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dahil sa mga nabanggit sa itaas, mas malamang na kinalabasan o resulta ng pinagsama-samang mga katutubo at mga imigranteng populasyon ang mga Etrusko, isang pagsasanib at paghahaluhalong na naganap noong <a href="/w/index.php?title=Panahong_Villanovano&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Panahong Villanovano (hindi pa naisusulat)">panahong Villanovano</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gardner_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gardner-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sa kalaunan, lumitaw ang mga Etrusko bilang mga taong may kalinangang may kaugnayan ngunit may kaibang katangian din mula sa iba pang mga <a href="/wiki/Italiko" class="mw-redirect" title="Italiko">Italiko</a> o Italyanong mga tao. Nagkaroon din sila ng kaugnayan at pagkakaiba mula sa mga kabihasnan ng Silangan at ng mga Sinaunang Griyego.<sup id="cite_ref-Gardner_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gardner-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nagbuhat ang karamihan sa mga nalalaman ng mga pangkasalukuyang dalubhasa ukol sa mga ito mula sa naiwang mga gawang-sining ng mga Etrusko. Lumilok silang gumagamit ng mga <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terakota&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terakota (hindi pa naisusulat)">terakota</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tansong-pula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tansong-pula (hindi pa naisusulat)">tansong-pula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bakal" title="Bakal">bakal</a>. Nakapag-iwan din sila ng mga alahas. Pinalamutian nila ng mga dibuho ang kanilang mga libingan para sa mga yumao.<sup id="cite_ref-WWT_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WWT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lupaing_sakop">Lupaing sakop</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabihasnang_Etrusko&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Lupaing sakop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabihasnang_Etrusko&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Lupaing sakop"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Naging pinapuso o lundayan ng mga Etrusko ang teritoryong nasa pagitan ng mga Ilog ng <a href="/wiki/Arno" title="Arno">Arno</a> at ng <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tiber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tiber (hindi pa naisusulat)">Tiber</a>, nasa gitnang Italya.<sup id="cite_ref-Gardner_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gardner-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nakipagkalakalan sila sa iba't ibang mga lugar na nakapaligid sa Mediteraneo sa pamamagitan ng paglalayag sa karagatan.<sup id="cite_ref-WWT_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WWT-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wika">Wika</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabihasnang_Etrusko&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Wika" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabihasnang_Etrusko&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Wika"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Talaksan:Etruscan.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Etruscan.png/300px-Etruscan.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Etruscan.png/450px-Etruscan.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3a/Etruscan.png 2x" data-file-width="458" data-file-height="125" /></a><figcaption>Ang panitik ng wikang Etrusko.</figcaption></figure><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Pangunahing artikulo: <a href="/wiki/Wikang_Etrusko" title="Wikang Etrusko">Wikang Etrusko</a></div><p>Hinango sa anyo ng panitik na Griyego ang nasusulat na wika ng mga Etrusko. Subalit hindi ito kamag-anakan ng pamilya ng mga wikang Indo-Europeo.<sup id="cite_ref-Gardner_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gardner-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tingnan_din">Tingnan din</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabihasnang_Etrusko&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Tingnan din" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabihasnang_Etrusko&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Tingnan din"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitolohiyang_Etrusko" title="Mitolohiyang Etrusko">Mitolohiyang Etrusko</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mga_sanggunian">Mga sanggunian</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabihasnang_Etrusko&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Baguhin seksiyon: Mga sanggunian" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>baguhin</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kabihasnang_Etrusko&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Mga sanggunian"><span>baguhin ang wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2121818">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-WWT-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WWT_1-0">1.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WWT_1-1">1.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WWT_1-2">1.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-WWT_1-3">1.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2132731">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#3a3;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFFirth,_Lesley_(Patnugot_Panlahat)_atbp.1985" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Firth, Lesley (Patnugot Panlahat) atbp. (1985). "<i>Who Were the Etruscans?</i>". <i>Who Were They? The Simon & Schuster Color Illustrated Question & Answer Book</i>. Little Simon Book, Simon & Schuster, Inc., Lungsod ng Bagong York, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Mga_pinagmulang_aklat/0671604767" title="Natatangi:Mga pinagmulang aklat/0671604767">0671604767</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Who+Were+the+Etruscans%3F&rft.btitle=Who+Were+They%3F+The+Simon+%26+Schuster+Color+Illustrated+Question+%26+Answer+Book&rft.pub=Little+Simon+Book%2C+Simon+%26+Schuster%2C+Inc.%2C+Lungsod+ng+Bagong+York%2C+ISBN+0671604767&rft.date=1985&rft.au=Firth%2C+Lesley+%28Patnugot+Panlahat%29+atbp.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKabihasnang+Etrusko" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Padron:Cite_ensiklopedya" class="mw-redirect" title="Padron:Cite ensiklopedya">cite ensiklopedya</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (<a href="/wiki/Kategorya:CS1_maint:_date_auto-translated" title="Kategorya:CS1 maint: date auto-translated">link</a>)</span>, pahina 17.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gardner-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gardner_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gardner_2-1">2.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gardner_2-2">2.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gardner_2-3">2.3</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gardner_2-4">2.4</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gardner_2-5">2.5</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Gardner_2-6">2.6</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2132731"><cite id="CITEREFKleiner,_Fred_S._at_Christin_J._Mamiya2005" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Kleiner, Fred S. at Christin J. Mamiya (2005). "<i>The Art of the Etruscans</i>, <i>Italy Before the Romans</i>". <i>Gardner's Art Through the Ages, ika-12 edisyon</i>. Wadsworth/Thomson Learning, Kaliporniya, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Natatangi:Mga_pinagmulang_aklat/0155050907" title="Natatangi:Mga pinagmulang aklat/0155050907">0155050907</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Art+of+the+Etruscans%2C+Italy+Before+the+Romans&rft.btitle=Gardner%27s+Art+Through+the+Ages%2C+ika-12+edisyon&rft.pub=Wadsworth%2FThomson+Learning%2C+Kaliporniya%2C+ISBN+0155050907&rft.date=2005&rft.au=Kleiner%2C+Fred+S.+at+Christin+J.+Mamiya&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftl.wikipedia.org%3AKabihasnang+Etrusko" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Padron:Cite_ensiklopedya" class="mw-redirect" title="Padron:Cite ensiklopedya">cite ensiklopedya</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (<a href="/wiki/Kategorya:CS1_maint:_date_auto-translated" title="Kategorya:CS1 maint: date auto-translated">link</a>)</span>, pahina 233.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li>Philipp Ammon: <i>Ruma Rasna – Die etruskischen Wurzeln Roms</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.academia.edu/28000848/Ruma_Rasna_Die_etruskischen_Wurzeln_Roms">http://www.academia.edu/28000848/Ruma_Rasna_Die_etruskischen_Wurzeln_Roms</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐6d94db5ff4‐kvch5 Cached time: 20241128204359 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.115 seconds Real time usage: 0.238 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 314/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 7918/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 297/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9257/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.053/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2719675/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 112.034 1 -total 76.41% 85.603 1 Padron:Reflist 57.89% 64.858 2 Padron:Cite_encyclopedia 56.75% 63.577 1 Padron:Cite-WWT 22.94% 25.697 1 Padron:Main 5.95% 6.662 1 Padron:Cite-Gardner 5.18% 5.799 2 Padron:ISBN 1.51% 1.689 3 Padron:Main_other --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key tlwiki:pcache:86603:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241128204359 and revision id 1807458. 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