CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head><meta charSet="utf-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width"/><meta name="next-head-count" content="2"/><link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="32x32" href="/favicon-32x32.png"/><link rel="icon" type="image/png" sizes="16x16" href="/favicon-16x16.png"/><link rel="manifest" href="/site.webmanifest"/><link rel="mask-icon" href="/safari-pinned-tab.svg" color="#5bbad5"/><meta name="msapplication-TileColor" content="#da532c"/><meta name="theme-color" content="#ffffff"/><meta name="referrer" content="no-referrer-when-downgrade"/><link href="/fonts/Inter-Regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link href="/fonts/Poppins-Regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link href="/fonts/Inter-SemiBold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link href="/fonts/Poppins-SemiBold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"/><link rel="preconnect" href="https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com"/><script id="vwoCode" data-nscript="beforeInteractive">window._vwo_code || (function() { var account_id=887500, version=2.1, settings_tolerance=2000, hide_element='body', hide_element_style = 'opacity:0 !important;filter:alpha(opacity=0) !important;background:none !important;transition:none !important;', /* DO NOT EDIT BELOW THIS LINE */ f=false,w=window,d=document,v=d.querySelector('#vwoCode'),cK='_vwo_'+account_id+'_settings',cc={};try{var c=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem('_vwo_'+account_id+'_config'));cc=c&&typeof c==='object'?c:{}}catch(e){}var stT=cc.stT==='session'?w.sessionStorage:w.localStorage;code={nonce:v&&v.nonce,use_existing_jquery:function(){return typeof use_existing_jquery!=='undefined'?use_existing_jquery:undefined},library_tolerance:function(){return typeof library_tolerance!=='undefined'?library_tolerance:undefined},settings_tolerance:function(){return cc.sT||settings_tolerance},hide_element_style:function(){return'{'+(cc.hES||hide_element_style)+'}'},hide_element:function(){if(performance.getEntriesByName('first-contentful-paint')[0]){return''}return typeof cc.hE==='string'?cc.hE:hide_element},getVersion:function(){return version},finish:function(e){if(!f){f=true;var t=d.getElementById('_vis_opt_path_hides');if(t)t.parentNode.removeChild(t);if(e)(new Image).src='https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com/ee.gif?a='+account_id+e}},finished:function(){return f},addScript:function(e){var t=d.createElement('script');t.type='text/javascript';if(e.src){t.src=e.src}else{t.text=e.text}v&&t.setAttribute('nonce',v.nonce);d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(t)},load:function(e,t){var n=this.getSettings(),i=d.createElement('script'),r=this;t=t||{};if(n){i.textContent=n;d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(i);if(!w.VWO||VWO.caE){stT.removeItem(cK);r.load(e)}}else{var o=new XMLHttpRequest;o.open('GET',e,true);o.withCredentials=!t.dSC;o.responseType=t.responseType||'text';o.onload=function(){if(t.onloadCb){return t.onloadCb(o,e)}if(o.status===200||o.status===304){_vwo_code.addScript({text:o.responseText})}else{_vwo_code.finish('&e=loading_failure:'+e)}};o.onerror=function(){if(t.onerrorCb){return t.onerrorCb(e)}_vwo_code.finish('&e=loading_failure:'+e)};o.send()}},getSettings:function(){try{var e=stT.getItem(cK);if(!e){return}e=JSON.parse(e);if(Date.now()>e.e){stT.removeItem(cK);return}return e.s}catch(e){return}},init:function(){if(d.URL.indexOf('__vwo_disable__')>-1)return;var e=this.settings_tolerance();w._vwo_settings_timer=setTimeout(function(){_vwo_code.finish();stT.removeItem(cK)},e);var t;if(this.hide_element()!=='body'){t=d.createElement('style');var n=this.hide_element(),i=n?n+this.hide_element_style():'',r=d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];t.setAttribute('id','_vis_opt_path_hides');v&&t.setAttribute('nonce',v.nonce);t.setAttribute('type','text/css');if(t.styleSheet)t.styleSheet.cssText=i;else t.appendChild(d.createTextNode(i));r.appendChild(t)}else{t=d.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];var i=d.createElement('div');i.style.cssText='z-index: 2147483647 !important;position: fixed !important;left: 0 !important;top: 0 !important;width: 100% !important;height: 100% !important;background: white !important;';i.setAttribute('id','_vis_opt_path_hides');i.classList.add('_vis_hide_layer');t.parentNode.insertBefore(i,t.nextSibling)}var o=window._vis_opt_url||d.URL,s='https://dev.visualwebsiteoptimizer.com/j.php?a='+account_id+'&u='+encodeURIComponent(o)+'&vn='+version;if(w.location.search.indexOf('_vwo_xhr')!==-1){this.addScript({src:s})}else{this.load(s+'&x=true')}}};w._vwo_code=code;code.init();})();</script><link rel="preload" href="/_next/static/css/7bccf017ba964f54.css" as="style" crossorigin=""/><link rel="stylesheet" href="/_next/static/css/7bccf017ba964f54.css" crossorigin="" data-n-g=""/><noscript data-n-css=""></noscript><script defer="" crossorigin="" nomodule="" src="/_next/static/chunks/polyfills-c67a75d1b6f99dc8.js"></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/webpack-0d318da30ff189bf.js" defer="" crossorigin=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/framework-936a09d2f96fb911.js" defer="" crossorigin=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/main-af05f3da854d2de7.js" defer="" crossorigin=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/_app-bd83c96fab07f079.js" defer="" crossorigin=""></script><script src="/_next/static/chunks/pages/404-3c909e6430254189.js" defer="" crossorigin=""></script><script src="/_next/static/ZdiLi8RCMzJQpKykY-emn/_buildManifest.js" defer="" crossorigin=""></script><script src="/_next/static/ZdiLi8RCMzJQpKykY-emn/_ssgManifest.js" defer="" crossorigin=""></script></head><body><div id="__next"><div data-testid="loader" class="-mt-20 flex h-screen items-center justify-center"><iconify-icon icon="eos-icons:bubble-loading" className="text-7xl text-blue-100" class="text-7xl text-blue-100"></iconify-icon></div></div><script id="__NEXT_DATA__" type="application/json" crossorigin="">{"props":{"pageProps":{"__lang":"en","__namespaces":{"common":{"altText":"User Avatar","label":{"visible":"Toggle visibility"},"confirmationCode":"Confirmation code","submit":"Confirm account","resendConfirmation":"Resend confirmation code","form":{"placeholder":{"email":"Email","password":"Password"},"submitButton":{"text":"Sign in"}},"loading":"Please wait ...","accountExists":"This email already exist or is linked to an account. Please use a different email address or choose another sign-in option.","accountExistsLink":"Account exists for that email with different provider, please use different email.","invalidCredentials":"The email or password you entered is incorrect.","resetPasswordFailed":"Failed to submit new password, please refresh the page and try again.","resetInitPasswordFailed":"Failed to initiate password recovery, please refresh the page and try again.","loginSuccess":"Access granted, enjoy and happy learning!","emailInvalid":"Email address invalid","emailMismatch":"Email address mismatch","resultFromGoogleProvider":"Something went wrong while getting result from Google","resultFromFacebookProvider":"Something went wrong while getting result from Facebook","passwordInvalid":"The password you provided is incorrect. Please try again.","fieldRequired":"Required field","linkAccountFailure":"There seems to be some problem connecting to the server at the moment. Please try again later.","linkAccount":"You have successfully linked your account! Proceeding to login next...","minLength":"Min. required length: {{length}}","formInvalid":"Form has validation issues or missing properties","unhandled":"Unhandled error. Please try again or contact support.","accountNotConfirmed":"Your account seems to be not confirmed yet. Redirecting...","accountCredentialsInvalid":"Oops! Password or username are wrong. Please try again!","resetPasswordCodeExpired":"Code expired! Please initiate the process once again. Redirecting...","resetPasswordCodeMismatch":"Provided code is invalid","resetPasswordPasswordTooWeak":"Password is too weak. It should be at least 8 characters long, include a special character (like !.?), a number, and at least one uppercase and lowercase letter","resetPasswordLimitExceeded":"Too many retries, please come back again later","signUpConfirm":"Confirming account failed, please refresh the page and try again","signUpConfirmResend":"Resending confirmation code failed, please contact support","signUpFailed":"Failed to create account, please refresh the page and try again.","signInFailed":"Something is wrong, we couldn't retrieve any details about your account. Please try again or contact support.","resetPasswordEmailMissing":"Your email address is missing. Redirecting...","missingCredentials":"In order to access your account please provide your email and password.","passwordResetRequired":"Our support flagged your account as requiring password reset. Please follow the instructions.","changePasswordSuccess":"Your password has been successfully updated. Please log in using your new password.","loadingSignIn":"Please wait a moment to access the platform...","creatingAccount":"Please wait a moment as we create your user account...","updatingEmail":"Please wait a moment while we update your email address...","updatingEmailSuccess":"Your new email address has been successfully updated!","signupSuccess":"Your account has been created successfully! Proceeding to next step.","courseCardReviews":"reviews","courseTutor":"Tutor","courseTutors":"Tutors","courseCardSkills":"Skills you鈥檒l learn","courseCardLabelCompleted":"Redo Course","courseCardLabelInProgress":"Continue","courseCardLabelNotStarted":"View Course","courseCardLogoAlt":"Thumbnail","footerAddress":"Zaurac Technologies Pte Ltd 14 Robinson Road #08-01A Singapore 048545","footerAbout":"About","footerAboutUs":"About Us","footerOurValues":"Our Values","footerContactUs":"Contact Us","footerCareers":"Careers","footerHelp":"Help","footerTutorials":"Tutorials","footerFeedback":"Give us feedback","footerSupport":"Support","footerCourseRequest":"Request a Course","footerAccount":"Your account","footerSignIn":"Sign In","footerRegister":"Register","footerLearningPath":"Learning Path","footerSocialMedia":"Social media","footerFacebook":"Facebook","footerTwitter":"Twitter","footerYoutube":"Youtube","footerInstagram":"Instagram","footerLinkedin":"Linkedin","footerYear":"@2023","footerKodekloud":"kodekloud.com","footerTerms":"Terms of Service","footerPolicy":"Privacy Policy","queryParamNotificationAutoSignOut":"Your session expired. Please sign in again.","queryParamNotificationForcedSignOut":"Your session was cancelled. Please sign in again or contact support.","queryParamNotificationAccountConfirmed":"Your account is already confirmed. Please sign in.","queryParamNotificationAutoLoginFailed":"We couldn't sign you in automatically. Please sign in manually.","userProfileAltText":"User profile","resendConfirmationSuccess":"Code is on it's way!","slideoverClosePanel":"Close panel","filtersTitle":"Filters","filtersSubmit":"Show Filtered Results","filtersToggle":"Filters","filtersClear":"Clear Selected Filters","filtersSearch":"Search","security":{"title":"Unauthorized","text":"You are not authorized to access this site","button":{"text":"Try again"}},"unauthorizedViewAs":"Unauthorized. Please log in with your admin account to LMS to use this feature.","dashboardRedirect":"Redirecting to dashboard...","accountAlreadyExists":"It looks like you already have an account","linkWith":"link it with your","account":"account","loginWithPrevious":"Log in with previous provider","linkWithGoogle":"Link with Google","linkWithFacebook":"Link with Facebook","LinkWithEmail":"Link with Email and Password","accountGoogleAssociate":"If the email you provided is associated with your google account.","accountGoogleAssociateExperience":"To enhance your sign-in experience and add an extra layer of security, we recommend linking your Google account with our app.","or":"or","continue":"Continue","errorNewPasswordSubmit":"Unable to confirm new password. Please retry.","errorMissingCredentials":"Missing credentials while trying to authorize","errorInvalidUser":"Invalid User or token","errorSignInEmailLinkExpired":"The link has expired. It can be used only once.","emailConfirmLabel":"Confirm Email","emailLabel":"Email","emailConfirmationTitle":"It seems that you are attempting to confirm your email.","emailConfirmationSubtitle":"Please re-enter your email address so we can verify it.","accountEmailNotVerified":"You have not verified your account yet. Please verify before logging in.","errorGoogleAuthorization":"Authorization with Google failed.","errorFacebookAuthorization":"Authorization with Facebook failed.","errorTooManyRequests":"Unable to send verification email. Try again later.","errorConnectingToServer":"There seems to be some problem connecting to the server at the moment. Please try again later.","errorSessionFetch":"An error occurred during session retrieval.","errorModuleWithIdNotFound":"Module with id {moduleId} not found","errorLessonWithIdNotFound":"Lesson with id {lessonId} not found","failedToFetch":"Failed to fetch from","accountSettings":"Account Settings","navigation":{"Dashboard":"Dashboard","Pricing":"Pricing","Playgrounds":"Playgrounds","LearningPaths":"Learning Paths","Tutorials":"Tutorials","AboutUs":"About Us","ContactUs":"Contact Us","Courses":"Courses","KodeKloudBusiness":"For Teams","ExitViewAs":"\u003c Exit User \u003e"},"navigationButtons":{"signUp":"Join now","signIn":"Login"},"userProfile":{"navbar":{"Home":"My Account","SubscriptionPlans":"Subscription Plans","PaymentMethods":"Payment Methods","PrivacyAndSecurity":"Privacy and Security","Certificates":"Course Certificates"},"logOut":"Log out","deleteAccount":"Delete Account","plan":"Plan","changePlan":"Change Plan","paymentMethod":"Payment Method","changePaymentMethod":"Change Payment Method","updatePassword":"Change Password","changeEmail":"Change Email","viewAll":"View All","transactionStatus":{"paid":"Paid","pending":"Pending","refunded":"Refunded"},"altText":"user avatar","privacyAndSecurity":"Privacy and Security","email":"Email","password":"Password","update":"Update","upgradeTitle":"Upgrade to PRO","upgradeSubtitle":"Save 21% on yearly plans now"},"completeOnboarding":"Complete Onboarding","redoOnboarding":"Redo Onboarding","divider":{"text":"or"},"social":{"google":{"signIn":"Sign in with Google","signUp":"Sign up with Google"},"facebook":{"signIn":"Sign in with Facebook","signUp":"Sign up with Facebook"},"twitter":{"signIn":"Sign in with Twitter","signUp":"Sign up with Twitter"}},"benefits":["Gain access to our free labs","Gain access to our free courses","Try sample lessons of all courses","Join our community of instructors and students","No credit card required"],"carousel":{"avatarAlt":"User avatar","reviews":[{"fileName":"peter.png","title":"Mr. Manager","subTitle":"Things manager","rating":5,"text":"I'm not a security specialist, but I have realized that the course explains very well every topic an"},{"fileName":"sandy.jpeg","title":"Mr. Manager","subTitle":"Things manager","rating":4.2,"text":"I'm not a security specialist, but I have realized that the course explains very well every topic and you can use the labs in every lesson to practice. It's a hard certification but using this course I could learn every element step by step and test myself if I was ready using the exam simulators, and I was great because the simulators are very close to a real exam! using this course I got the certification in my first attempt!"},{"fileName":"monic.jpeg","title":"Monica Vienna","subTitle":"Things manager","rating":2.5,"text":"I'm not a security specialist, but I have realized that the course explains very well every topic and you can use the labs in every lesson to practice."},{"fileName":"robert.jpeg","title":"Robert Bright","subTitle":"Things manager","rating":3.5,"text":"I'm not a security specialist, but I have realized that the course explains very well every topic and you can use the labs in every lesson to practice. It's a hard certification but using this course I could learn every element step by step and test myself if I was ready using the exam simulators, and I was great because the simulators are very close to a real exam! using this course I got the certification in my first attempt!"}]},"layout":{"and":"and","link":{"serviceTerms":"Terms of Service","privacyPolicy":"Privacy Policy"}},"toast":{"success":"Your account has been created successfully! Proceeding to next step."},"noAccountBtn":"Continue without account","validPassword":"Password must be at least {{length}} characters long","validEmail":"Please enter a valid email","certificateIn":"Certificate in","certificateDownload":"Download","certificateAddToProfile":"Add to profile","certificateSocialsMessage":"I just completed the {{courseTitle}} on KodeKloud!","certificateImgAlt":"course certificate banner","sessionHttpError":"There was HTTP error fetching the session, status: {{status}}","sessionError":"There was error fetching the session, status: {{message}}","errorRequiresRecentLogin":"Please log in again to proceed. For security reasons, you need to perform a recent login before changing your password.","errorSameEmailAddressUsed":"Unable to update to the same email address. Please try again with a different email address.","errorDuplicateEmailFound":"An account with this email address already exists. Please try using a different email address","dueDate":"Due date:","cancellationDate":"Your plan will be cancelled on:","errorInvalidResultFromGoogle":"Something went wrong while getting result from Google. Please Try again.","sendingEmail":"Sending...","emailSent":"If your account is found in our database, you will receive an email containing a link.","creditCard":"Credit Card","notSpecified":"Not Specified","errorInternetConnection":"'Offline, issues with internet connection! Please check your network settings.","courseAccessBanned":"Your access to this course has expired. Please upgrade your plan to continue.","errorBadRequest":"A bad request was made by the client, such as missing or invalid parameters.","errorUnauthorized":"Authentication failed, possibly due to an expired or invalid JWT token, or lack of access rights.","errorInsufficientAccess":"The user lacks the appropriate access tags to view the content or perform the requested action.","errorNotEnrolled":"Enrollment is required to perform the requested action.","errorNotFound":"The requested resource was not found in the database.","errorMethodNotAllowed":"The HTTP method or route does not exist.","errorConflict":"A conflict occurred with the resource. This typically happens when two requests targeting the same resource are made simultaneously. Only one will succeed.","errorUnprocessableEntity":"A general error occurred due to the provision of invalid arguments.","errorInternalServerError":"A server-side error occurred.","errorUnknown":"An unexpected HTTP error has occurred.","manageMySubscriptions":"Manage Subscriptions","errorDeleteAccount":"There was an issue during the account deletion process. Please try again later.","userNameMinLengthMessage":"Name cannot have less than {{minLength}} character(s)","userNameMaxLengthMessage":"Name cannot have more than {{maxLength}} character(s)","changeNameSuccess":"Your new username has been successfully updated","changingName":"Please wait a moment while we update your username...","changeNameFailure":"Sorry! Something went wrong while changing your name! Please try again or choose a different username.","deletingAccount":"Please wait a moment while we process your request...","certificateNotFound":"The course certificate you are looking for does not exist.","viewCertificate":"View Certificate","configurationCleared":"Configuration has been cleared successfully!","cacheCleared":"Cache has been cleared successfully!","cacheClearing":"Clearing cache...","cacheClearError":"Unable to clear cache. Please check console errors for more info.","remoteConfigActivationError":"Error activating remote configuration","community":"KodeKloud Community","engineer":"KodeKloud Engineer","errorCurrentEmail":"Unable to update to the same email address. Please try again with a different email address.","course":"course"},"dashboard":{"welcomeUser":"Welcome, {{firstName}}","memberDashboard":"to your Member Dashboard","profileCompletion":"Profile completion","editProfile":"Edit Your Profile","activeLearningPath":"Active Learning Path","generalInformation":"General Information","profilePhoto":"Profile Photo","startedCourse":"Started Course","completedFiveLessons":"Completed Five Lessons","lessons":"Lessons","learningPath":"Learning Path","stepText":"Step","learningPathAltText":"learning path logo","seeMoreLabel":"See more","completeAll":"Complete all courses","completeAny":"Complete any one course","seeDetailsLabel":"See details","notFoundText":"No learning paths found","forBusinessTitle":"Work in a Team?","forBusinessSubtitle":"KodeKloud-For-Business gives your team the highest-tier access to everything on KodeKloud - plus exclusive content and powerful team management features.","forBusinessLabel":"Find Out More","freeAccessTitle":"You currently have free, limited access to KodeKloud.","freeAccessSubtitle":"Click the button below to see our plans and get full access to our premium DevOps courses and hands-on labs.","freeAccessLabel":"See Our Plans","gettingStartedTitle":"Getting Started","gettingStartedSubtitle":"Try out the learning paths targeted towards your career.","myLearningJourney":"My Learning Journey","yourLearningPath_one":"Your Learning Path","yourLearningPath_other":"Your Learning Paths","learningPaths":{"courses":{"tag":{"completed":"Completed","inProgress":"Continue","notStarted":"View Course"},"img":{"altText":"course logo"},"level":"Beginner","skills":"That, this and that"},"img":{"altText":"course logo"},"domainBased":"Domain Based","roleBased":"Role Based","allCourses":"All Courses","allLearningPaths":"All Learning Paths","coursesCount":{"one":"{{count}} Course","other":"{{count}} Courses"},"skillTestTitle":"Not sure where to start?","skillTestSubTitle":"Take a hands-on Skills Test","devOpsTitle":"Here for DevOps?","devOpsSubTitle":"Start with the DevOps Learning Path","cloudLearningTitle":"Here for Cloud Learning?","cloudLearningSubTitle":"Start Cloud with KodeKloud","checkCoursesTitle":"Know what you want?","suggestedLearningPath":"Suggested Learning path","gettingStartedCardCta":"Begin This Learning Path","gettingStartedTileAltText":"Getting Started Tile Icon"},"popularCoursesTitle":"Popular Courses","popularCoursesViewAllLabel":"View All Courses","courseTutor":"Tutor","courseTutorPlaceholder":"Instructional Designer","courseSkills":"Skills you鈥檒l learn","courseLabel":"Enroll","courseReviews":"reviews","courseBeginner":"Beginner","courseSkillsYouLearn":"That, this and that","courseInProgress":"In progress","enrolledCourses":"My Courses","expand":"Expand All","collapse":"Collapse","courseProgress10Percent":"Course Progress 10%","businessDashboard":"Business Dashboard","redirecting":"Redirecting...","errorMissingEmail":"The email is missing!","redirectionComplete":"Redirection Completed Successfully!","lackOfPermission":"You are not authorized to visit EP Dashboard.","somethingWentWrong":"Oops, something didn't go as planned. Please try again later.","all":"All","inProgress":"In Progress","completed":"Completed","engineersDashboardTooltip":"Earn coins and rewards through Kodekloud Engineer"},"not-found":{"codeError":"404","title":"Page Not Found","button":{"title":{"Public":"Go back to courses","Logged":"Go back to dashboard"}}}}},"__N_SSG":true},"page":"/404","query":{},"buildId":"ZdiLi8RCMzJQpKykY-emn","isFallback":false,"gsp":true,"locale":"en","locales":["en"],"defaultLocale":"en","scriptLoader":[]}</script><script> window._AutofillCallbackHandler = window._AutofillCallbackHandler || function() {}; </script><script>(function(){function c(){var b=a.contentDocument||a.contentWindow.document;if(b){var d=b.createElement('script');d.innerHTML="window.__CF$cv$params={r:'8e9d0515dae891a7',t:'MTczMjgyNDgyMC4wMDAwMDA='};var a=document.createElement('script');a.nonce='';a.src='/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/scripts/jsd/main.js';document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(a);";b.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(d)}}if(document.body){var a=document.createElement('iframe');a.height=1;a.width=1;a.style.position='absolute';a.style.top=0;a.style.left=0;a.style.border='none';a.style.visibility='hidden';document.body.appendChild(a);if('loading'!==document.readyState)c();else if(window.addEventListener)document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded',c);else{var e=document.onreadystatechange||function(){};document.onreadystatechange=function(b){e(b);'loading'!==document.readyState&&(document.onreadystatechange=e,c())}}}})();</script></body></html>