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href="login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Hovedminne rootpage-Hovedminne skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Hopp til innhold</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Nettsted"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Hovedmeny" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Hovedmeny</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Hovedmeny</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasjon </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Forside" title="Gå til hovedsiden [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Forside</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Tilfeldig" title="Vis en tilfeldig side [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Tilfeldig side</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hjelp:Portal" title="Stedet for å få hjelp"><span>Hjelp</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesial:Siste_endringer" title="Liste over siste endringer på wikien. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Siste endringer</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-prosjekt" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-prosjekt" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Prosjekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Prosjektportal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Portal"><span>Prosjektportal</span></a></li><li id="n-bidra" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bidra_til_Wikipedia"><span>Hvordan bidra?</span></a></li><li id="n-tinget" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Tinget"><span>Tinget</span></a></li><li id="n-torget" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Torget"><span>Torget</span></a></li><li id="n-konkurranser" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Konkurranser"><span>Konkurranser</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-kontakt" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt"><span>Kontakt Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-wmno" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikimedia.no" rel="nofollow" title="Medlemsorganisasjon for wikipedianere"><span>Wikimedia Norge</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Forside" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-no.svg" width="121" height="14" style="width: 7.5625em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Spesial:S%C3%B8k" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Søk i Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Søk</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Søk i Wikipedia" aria-label="Søk i Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Søk i Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Spesial:Søk"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Søk</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personlig"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Endre skriftstørrelse, bredde og farge på siden." > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Utseende" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Utseende</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=no.wikipedia.org&uselang=nb" class=""><span>Doner</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Hovedminne" title="Du oppfordres til å opprette en konto og logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk" class=""><span>Opprett konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Hovedminne" title="Du oppfordres til å logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logg inn</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out user-links-collapsible-item" title="Flere alternativer" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personlig" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personlig</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Brukermeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=no.wikipedia.org&uselang=nb"><span>Doner</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Opprett_konto&returnto=Hovedminne" title="Du oppfordres til å opprette en konto og logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Opprett konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesial:Logg_inn&returnto=Hovedminne" title="Du oppfordres til å logge inn, men det er ikke obligatorisk [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logg inn</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Nettsted"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innhold" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innhold</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytt til sidefeltet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">skjul</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Til toppen)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Hovedminnets_oppgaver" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hovedminnets_oppgaver"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Hovedminnets oppgaver</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hovedminnets_oppgaver-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Adressering_av_minnet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Adressering_av_minnet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Adressering av minnet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Adressering_av_minnet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-En_oversikt_over_minneområdet_til_en_prosess" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#En_oversikt_over_minneområdet_til_en_prosess"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>En oversikt over minneområdet til en prosess</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-En_oversikt_over_minneområdet_til_en_prosess-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen En oversikt over minneområdet til en prosess</span> </button> <ul id="toc-En_oversikt_over_minneområdet_til_en_prosess-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Systemdatasegmentet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Systemdatasegmentet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Systemdatasegmentet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Systemdatasegmentet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kodesegmentet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kodesegmentet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Kodesegmentet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kodesegmentet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Datasegmentet" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Datasegmentet"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Datasegmentet</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Datasegmentet-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Stakken" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Stakken"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Stakken</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Stakken-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oppsett_av_minne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oppsett_av_minne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Oppsett av minne</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Oppsett_av_minne-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Vis/skjul underseksjonen Oppsett av minne</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Oppsett_av_minne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Partisjonering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Partisjonering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Partisjonering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Partisjonering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Segmentering" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Segmentering"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Segmentering</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Segmentering-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Paging" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Paging"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Paging</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Paging-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Virtuelt_minne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Virtuelt_minne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Virtuelt minne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Virtuelt_minne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Typer_RAM" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Typer_RAM"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Typer RAM</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Typer_RAM-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Se_også" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Se_også"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Se også</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Se_også-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innhold" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Vis/skjul innholdsfortegnelsen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Hovedminne</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå til en artikkel på et annet språk. Tilgjengelig på 104 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-104" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">104 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_Access_Memory" title="Random Access Memory – norsk nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Random Access Memory" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norsk nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-access_memory" title="Random-access memory – svensk" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Random-access memory" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – islandsk" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewetoeganklike_geheue" title="Ewetoeganklike geheue – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Ewetoeganklike geheue" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-Access_Memory" title="Random-Access Memory – sveitsertysk" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Random-Access Memory" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="sveitsertysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B0%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B4%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A" title="ذاكرة الوصول العشوائي – arabisk" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ذاكرة الوصول العشوائي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – aragonsk" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoria_d%27accesu_aleatoriu" title="Memoria d'accesu aleatoriu – asturisk" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Memoria d'accesu aleatoriu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%AE" title="रैम – avadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="रैम" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="avadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operativ_yadda%C5%9F_qur%C4%9Fusu" title="Operativ yaddaş qurğusu – aserbajdsjansk" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Operativ yaddaş qurğusu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="aserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%85_(%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DA%AF%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1)" title="رم (بیلگی‌سایار) – søraserbajdsjansk" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="رم (بیلگی‌سایار)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="søraserbajdsjansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E2%80%8D%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B8_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF" title="র‍্যান্ডম অ্যাক্সেস মেমোরি – bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="র‍্যান্ডম অ্যাক্সেস মেমোরি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%86%D1%8C_%D0%B7_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Памяць з адвольным доступам – belarusisk" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Памяць з адвольным доступам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%86%D1%8C_%D0%B7_%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Памяць з адвольным доступам – belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Памяць з адвольным доступам" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="belarusisk (klassisk ortografi)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%82_%D1%81_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8A%D0%BF" title="Памет с произволен достъп – bulgarsk" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Памет с произволен достъп" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – bosnisk" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memor_bev" title="Memor bev – bretonsk" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Memor bev" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mem%C3%B2ria_d%27acc%C3%A9s_aleatori" title="Memòria d'accés aleatori – katalansk" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Memòria d'accés aleatori" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – tsjekkisk" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tsjekkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-Access_Memory" title="Random-Access Memory – tysk" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Random-Access Memory" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tysk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muutm%C3%A4lu" title="Muutmälu – estisk" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Muutmälu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%BD%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B7_%CF%84%CF%85%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_%CF%80%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%83%CF%80%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Μνήμη τυχαίας προσπέλασης – gresk" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μνήμη τυχαίας προσπέλασης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="gresk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-access_memory" title="Random-access memory – engelsk" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Random-access memory" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoria_de_acceso_aleatorio" title="Memoria de acceso aleatorio – spansk" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Memoria de acceso aleatorio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%88efmemoro" title="Ĉefmemoro – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ĉefmemoro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – ekstremaduransk" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="ekstremaduransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_Access_Memory" title="Random Access Memory – baskisk" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Random Access Memory" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%B8%D9%87_%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%81%DB%8C" title="حافظه دسترسی تصادفی – persisk" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="حافظه دسترسی تصادفی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9moire_vive" title="Mémoire vive – fransk" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mémoire vive" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="fransk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wurk%C3%BBnth%C3%A2ld" title="Wurkûnthâld – vestfrisisk" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wurkûnthâld" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="vestfrisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – friuliansk" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="friuliansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuimhne_randamrochtana" title="Cuimhne randamrochtana – irsk" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Cuimhne randamrochtana" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoria_de_acceso_aleatorio" title="Memoria de acceso aleatorio – galisisk" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Memoria de acceso aleatorio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%9E%9C%EB%8D%A4_%EC%95%A1%EC%84%B8%EC%8A%A4_%EB%A9%94%EB%AA%A8%EB%A6%AC" title="랜덤 액세스 메모리 – koreansk" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="랜덤 액세스 메모리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%95%D5%BA%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%BE_%D5%B0%D5%AB%D5%B7%D5%B8%D5%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Օպերատիվ հիշողություն – armensk" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Օպերատիվ հիշողություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="रैंडम एक्सैस मैमोरी – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रैंडम एक्सैस मैमोरी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – kroatisk" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memori_akses_acak" title="Memori akses acak – indonesisk" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Memori akses acak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – italiensk" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F_%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%99%D7%AA" title="זיכרון גישה אקראית – hebraisk" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זיכרון גישה אקראית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – javanesisk" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%AE%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ოპერატიული მეხსიერება – georgisk" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ოპერატიული მეხსიერება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%83_%D2%9B%D2%B1%D1%80%D1%8B%D0%BB%D2%93%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Жедел жадтау құрылғысы – kasakhisk" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Жедел жадтау құрылғысы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kasakhisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/KUFINA" title="KUFINA – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="KUFINA" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – kurdisk" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%B8" title="Тушкелди жетки эси – kirgisisk" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Тушкелди жетки эси" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirgisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memoria_volatilis" title="Memoria volatilis – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Memoria volatilis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Br%C4%ABvpiek%C4%BCuves_atmi%C5%86a" title="Brīvpiekļuves atmiņa – latvisk" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Brīvpiekļuves atmiņa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laisvosios_prieigos_atmintis" title="Laisvosios prieigos atmintis – litauisk" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Laisvosios prieigos atmintis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – lombardisk" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – ungarsk" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungarsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM_%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="RAM меморија – makedonsk" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="RAM меморија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF" title="റാൻഡം ആക്സസ് മെമ്മറി – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="റാൻഡം ആക്സസ് മെമ്മറി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%85%E0%A4%AE" title="रॅम – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रॅम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A8%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ოპერატიული შვენა – mingrelsk" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ოპერატიული შვენა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="mingrelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%85" title="رام – egyptisk arabisk" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="رام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="egyptisk arabisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingatan_capaian_rawak" title="Ingatan capaian rawak – malayisk" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ingatan capaian rawak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%83%D1%83%D1%80%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%BE%D0%B9" title="Шуурхай санах ой – mongolsk" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шуурхай санах ой" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-access_memory" title="Random-access memory – nederlandsk" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Random-access memory" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlandsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E2%80%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="र्‍यान्डम एक्सेस मेमोरी – nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="र्‍यान्डम एक्सेस मेमोरी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D_(%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D_%E0%A5%A8%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%A6%E0%A5%AB%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE)" title="राम् (सन् २००५या संकिपा) – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="राम् (सन् २००५या संकिपा)" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_Access_Memory" title="Random Access Memory – japansk" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Random Access Memory" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mem%C3%B2ria_d%27acc%C3%A8s_aleat%C3%B2ri" title="Memòria d'accès aleatòri – oksitansk" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Memòria d'accès aleatòri" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="oksitansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%9E%D0%A8" title="КОШ – østmarisk" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="КОШ" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="østmarisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tezkor_xotira" title="Tezkor xotira – usbekisk" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tezkor xotira" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbekisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1%E0%A8%AE_%E0%A8%90%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਰੈਂਡਮ ਐਕਸੈਸ ਮੈਮਰੀ – panjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੈਂਡਮ ਐਕਸੈਸ ਮੈਮਰੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%85" title="ریم – vestpunjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ریم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="vestpunjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%85" title="رم – pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="رم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – polsk" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mem%C3%B3ria_de_acesso_aleat%C3%B3rio" title="Memória de acesso aleatório – portugisisk" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Memória de acesso aleatório" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memorie_cu_acces_aleator" title="Memorie cu acces aleator – rumensk" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Memorie cu acces aleator" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9E%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Операчна память – rusinsk" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Операчна память" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="rusinsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8E%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%B5_%D1%83%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D1%81_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Запоминающее устройство с произвольным доступом – russisk" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Запоминающее устройство с произвольным доступом" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mem%C3%B2ria_a_atzessu_casuale" title="Memòria a atzessu casuale – sardisk" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Memòria a atzessu casuale" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-access_memory" title="Random-access memory – skotsk" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Random-access memory" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kujtes%C3%AB_me_hyrje_t%C3%AB_rast%C3%ABsishme" title="Kujtesë me hyrje të rastësishme – albansk" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kujtesë me hyrje të rastësishme" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B7%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%93_%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%81_%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%AD%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA" title="සසම්භාවී ප්‍රවේශ මතකය – singalesisk" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සසම්භාවී ප්‍රවේශ මතකය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="singalesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random-access_memory" title="Random-access memory – enkel engelsk" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Random-access memory" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="enkel engelsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pam%C3%A4%C5%A5_s_priamym_pr%C3%ADstupom" title="Pamäť s priamym prístupom – slovakisk" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pamäť s priamym prístupom" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bralno-pisalni_pomnilnik" title="Bralno-pisalni pomnilnik – slovensk" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Bralno-pisalni pomnilnik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovensk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B1%DA%AF%DB%95%DB%8C_%D8%AF%DB%95%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%BE%DB%8E%DA%AF%DB%95%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%86-%D8%A8%DB%95%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%B5%DA%A9%DB%95%D9%88%D8%AA" title="بیرگەی دەستپێگەیشتن-بەھەڵکەوت – sentralkurdisk" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بیرگەی دەستپێگەیشتن-بەھەڵکەوت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sentralkurdisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – serbisk" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – serbokroatisk" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajasaantimuisti" title="Hajasaantimuisti – finsk" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hajasaantimuisti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_access_memory" title="Random access memory – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Random access memory" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நேரடி அணுகல் நினைவகம் – tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நேரடி அணுகல் நினைவகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%A1%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%8F%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%80" title="రాండమ్ ఏక్సెస్ మెమరీ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రాండమ్ ఏక్సెస్ మెమరీ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%96%E0%B8%B6%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B8%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A1" title="หน่วยความจำเข้าถึงโดยสุ่ม – thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หน่วยความจำเข้าถึงโดยสุ่ม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D2%B3%D1%91%D0%BD%D3%A3" title="Хотираи дастраси аҳёнӣ – tadsjikisk" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Хотираи дастраси аҳёнӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadsjikisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – tyrkisk" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="tyrkisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BC%27%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8C_%D0%B7_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BC_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Пам'ять з довільним доступом – ukrainsk" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пам'ять з довільним доступом" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%88%D9%85_%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%B3_%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="رینڈم ایکسس میموری – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="رینڈم ایکسس میموری" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – venetiansk" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="venetiansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – vietnamesisk" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – waray-waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray-waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E5%AD%98%E5%8F%96%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E5%99%A8" title="随机存取存储器 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="随机存取存储器" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM_%D7%96%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F" title="RAM זיכרון – jiddisk" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="RAM זיכרון" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jiddisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – kantonesisk" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/RAM" title="RAM – dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="RAM" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E5%99%A8" title="随机存储器 – kinesisk" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="随机存储器" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesisk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5295#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Rediger lenker til artikkelen på andre språk" class="wbc-editpage">Rediger lenker</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Navnerom"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Hovedminne" title="Vis innholdssiden [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikkel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskusjon:Hovedminne" rel="discussion" title="Diskusjon om innholdssiden [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskusjon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" 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.mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}</style><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unsourced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><b>Kildeløs</b>: Denne artikkelen mangler <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bruk_av_kilder" title="Wikipedia:Bruk av kilder">kildehenvisninger</a>, og opplysningene i den kan dermed være vanskelige å <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiserbarhet" title="Wikipedia:Verifiserbarhet">verifisere</a>. 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Helt uten kilder. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">10. okt. 2015</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="hatnote dablink noexcerpt">«RAM» har <a href="/wiki/Ram" class="mw-disambig" title="Ram">flere betydninger</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:RAM_n.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/RAM_n.jpg/250px-RAM_n.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="392" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/RAM_n.jpg/375px-RAM_n.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d3/RAM_n.jpg 2x" data-file-width="455" data-file-height="713" /></a><figcaption>Forskjellige typer RAM</figcaption></figure> <p>I <a href="/wiki/Datamaskin" title="Datamaskin">datamaskiner</a> er <b>hovedminne</b>, også kalt <b>arbeidsminne</b> eller <b>primærminne</b>, den delen av minnet i en <a href="/wiki/Datamaskin" title="Datamaskin">datamaskin</a> hvor <a href="/wiki/Prosess_(informatikk)" title="Prosess (informatikk)">prosesser</a> ligger klare for kjøring av et program eller en prosess i maskinen. De lagrede dataene hentes fram i vilkårlig (<a href="/wiki/Engelsk_spr%C3%A5k" class="mw-redirect" title="Engelsk språk">engelsk</a>: <i>random</i>) rekkefølge, derav det engelske navnet <i>random-access memory</i> (<b>RAM</b>). Andre navn er <i>arbeidslager</i>, <i>arbeidshukommelse</i>, <i>hovedhukommelse</i>, <i>primærhukommelse</i>, <i>primærlager</i>, <i>internhukommelse</i> eller <i>internminne</i>. </p><p>Hovedminnet står i motsetning til <a href="/wiki/Sekund%C3%A6rminne" title="Sekundærminne">sekundærminne</a> som ofte lagres på andre lagringsmedier (slik som <a href="/wiki/Magnetb%C3%A5nd" title="Magnetbånd">magnetbånd</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harddisk" title="Harddisk">harddisk</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Halvlederminne" title="Halvlederminne">halvlederminne</a>), og hvor (i motsetning til RAM) data bare kan aksesseres i forhåndsbestemt rekkefølge. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hovedminnets_oppgaver">Hovedminnets oppgaver</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Rediger avsnitt: Hovedminnets oppgaver" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&action=edit&section=1" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Hovedminnets oppgaver"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Et <a href="/wiki/Program" class="mw-disambig" title="Program">program</a> må alltid legges i minnet før det kan kjøres. Alle data må legges i minnet før datamaskinen kan regne med dem eller manipulere dem, dessuten må alle inndata og utdata innom minnet. </p><p>Innholdet i RAM kan leses og skrives tilfeldig og uten noen bestemt rekkefølge, derav navnet, og går tapt når maskinen skrus av. </p><p>Datamaskiner har også en raskere type minne, kalt <a href="/wiki/Hurtigminne" title="Hurtigminne">hurtigminne</a> (cache). Under kjøring vil det hele tiden kopieres instruksjoner og data over fra hovedhukommelsen til hurtigminnet, da må ting innom der før de går videre til <a href="/wiki/CPU" title="CPU">prosessoren</a>. </p><p>Leser man minnet, henter man ut data uten å forandre dem. Ved skriving til minnet, vil data som ligger på de tilskrevne plassene i minnet gå tapt. Skriving til minnet kalles derfor en <i>destruktiv operasjon</i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adressering_av_minnet">Adressering av minnet</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Rediger avsnitt: Adressering av minnet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&action=edit&section=2" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Adressering av minnet"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Minnekapasitet måles typisk i <a href="/wiki/Megabyte" title="Megabyte">megabyte</a> eller <a href="/wiki/Gigabyte" title="Gigabyte">gigabyte</a>. Hver <a href="/wiki/Byte" title="Byte">byte</a> (enhet) i minnet får tildelt sin egen unike adresse, som regel sekvensielt, begynnende fra 0. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Maskinvare" title="Maskinvare">Maskinvare</a> bruker ofte <i>absolutt adressering</i> av minnet. Da leser enheten en bestemt byte fra minnet, for eksempel byte 23 425. Dette er den raskeste måten å lese av minnet på. </p><p>Når en ny prosess legges inn i minnet, legges den inn på et ledig sted som ikke kan forutsees av programutvikleren. En prosess vil ofte legges forskjellig sted hver gang den kjøres. Det blir derfor svært upraktisk å bruke absolutt adressering i slike tilfeller. Løsningen blir da å bruke <i>relativ adressering</i>. Med relativ adressering angis en minneplass som relativ i forhold til en basisadresse i minnet, og i løpet av kjøretiden kan da den absolutte minneadressen regnes ut på grunnlag av summen av basisadressen og den relative adressen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="En_oversikt_over_minneområdet_til_en_prosess"><span id="En_oversikt_over_minneomr.C3.A5det_til_en_prosess"></span>En oversikt over minneområdet til en prosess</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Rediger avsnitt: En oversikt over minneområdet til en prosess" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&action=edit&section=3" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen En oversikt over minneområdet til en prosess"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fil:Hovedminne_prosess.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Hovedminne_prosess.png/250px-Hovedminne_prosess.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="500" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Hovedminne_prosess.png/375px-Hovedminne_prosess.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/Hovedminne_prosess.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="1000" /></a><figcaption>En grafisk fremstilling av minneområdet til en prosess.</figcaption></figure> <p>En prosess får ved oppstart tildelt sitt eget minneområde. Dette området kan i hovedsak bare brukes av den enkelte prosessen, operativsystemet har sperrer mellom minneområdene som forhindrer at en prosess får lov til å skrive til andres minneområder. </p><p>En prosess sitt minneområde deles inn i fire hovedområder: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Systemdatasegmentet">Systemdatasegmentet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Rediger avsnitt: Systemdatasegmentet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&action=edit&section=4" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Systemdatasegmentet"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dette segmentet ligger i området med de laveste minneadressene. Det inneholder blant annet pekere til de andre segmentene og til stacken, samt <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pid (ikke skrevet ennå)">pid</a>-en til prosessen. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kodesegmentet">Kodesegmentet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Rediger avsnitt: Kodesegmentet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&action=edit&section=5" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Kodesegmentet"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>I dette segmentet ligger all programkoden til programmet. Denne kopieres hit under oppstarten av programmet, og prosessen kan ikke skrive til dette segmentet under kjøring. </p><p>Dette segmentet kan deles av flere prosesser. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Datasegmentet">Datasegmentet</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Rediger avsnitt: Datasegmentet" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&action=edit&section=6" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Datasegmentet"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Dette segmentet inneholder alle globale <a href="/w/index.php?title=Variabel_(informatikk)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Variabel (informatikk) (ikke skrevet ennå)">variable</a>, både initierte og ikke-initierte. Dessuten inneholder segmentet den såkalte <a href="/wiki/Heap" title="Heap">Heapen</a>, et område programmereren kan bruke til å allokere minne dynamisk. Om tilgangen til ikke-globale variable skal kunne deles av flere <a href="/w/index.php?title=Funksjon_(informatikk)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Funksjon (informatikk) (ikke skrevet ennå)">funksjoner</a> under kjøring, må disse legges her. Heapen vokser inn i den ledige minnedelen, mot høyere minneadresser. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Stakken">Stakken</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Rediger avsnitt: Stakken" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&action=edit&section=7" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Stakken"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Stakk_(datastruktur)" title="Stakk (datastruktur)">Stakken</a> (<i>stabelminnet</i>) inneholder alle lokale variable i en funksjon. Den inneholder også alle registertilstander. </p><p>Stakken vokser mot lavere minneadresser. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Oppsett_av_minne">Oppsett av minne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Rediger avsnitt: Oppsett av minne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&action=edit&section=8" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Oppsett av minne"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Minnet i en datamaskin er delt i flere områder. De laveste minneområdene er reservert for operativsystemet, og kan ikke brukes av brukerinitierte prosesser. </p><p>Resten av minnet brukes av de forskjellige <a href="/wiki/Applikasjon" class="mw-redirect" title="Applikasjon">applikasjonene</a>. Det finnes flere måter å fordele dette mellom de forskjellige prosessene. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Partisjonering">Partisjonering</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Rediger avsnitt: Partisjonering" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&action=edit&section=9" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Partisjonering"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Med <i>partisjonering</i> (partitioning) deles minneområdet inn i partisjoner, under oppstarten av datamaskinen. Disse partisjonene kan enten være like store med statisk størrelse og inndelt ved oppstart av datamaskinen, eller av dynamisk størrelse og inndelt fortløpende. I den grad moderne operativsystemer bruker partisjonering, brukes dynamisk partisjonering. Dette er fordi partisjoner av lik størrelse setter en maksimal øvre grense på størrelsen til programmer som kan flyttes over i minnet, og gjør at små prosesser bruker mye mer minne enn hva som egentlig er nødvendig. </p><p>Med bruk av <i>dynamisk partisjonering</i> kan størrelsen på minnepartisjonene avgjøres før kjøring, og partisjonen kan fjernes igjen etter en prosess er ferdig. Det vil imidlertid være vanskelig for <a href="/wiki/Operativsystemkjerne" class="mw-redirect" title="Operativsystemkjerne">operativsystemkjernen</a> å anslå den nødvendige størrelsen på en partisjon før programmet skal kjøre. Denne strategien har derfor den ulempen at den vil føre til fragmentering av minnet etterhvert som systemet kjører. Defragmentering av minnet vil da senere stjele tid og ressurser fra systemet, da dette er en kostbar prosedyre. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Segmentering">Segmentering</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Rediger avsnitt: Segmentering" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&action=edit&section=10" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Segmentering"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bruker man <i>segmentering</i> (segmentation) til å håndtere minneblokker innføres det en ekstra tabell over minnet i operativsystemet. Denne tabellen holder rede på minneblokkene, som da kan være av ulik størrelse. Denne størrelsen bestemmes av programmereren. </p><p>Med segmentering blir problemet med fragmentering av minnet mye mindre enn med bruk av partisjonering. Ulempen er at den ekstra tabellen legger til en ekstra omregning for at man skal finne en minneadresse. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Paging">Paging</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Rediger avsnitt: Paging" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&action=edit&section=11" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Paging"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Med bruk av <i>paging</i> deles minnet inn i flere minnerammer. En prosess vil så deles opp i flere <i>pages</i>, og disse vil kunne fordeles rundt i minnerammen. Siden de forskjellige pages til en prosess ikke trenger å ligge sekvensielt, vil man eliminere problemene med ekstern fragmentering som man har med bruk av partisjonering og segmentering. Det vil imidlertid være en liten intern fragmentering med bruk av paging, avhengig av størrelsen på rammene. </p><p>Som med segmentering krever paging fortløpende omregning av minneadresser under kjøring. </p><p>Det er også mulig å kombinere paging med fragmentering av minnet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Virtuelt_minne">Virtuelt minne</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Rediger avsnitt: Virtuelt minne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&action=edit&section=12" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Virtuelt minne"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Moderne operativsystemer som <a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Windows" title="Microsoft Windows">Microsoft Windows</a> og <a href="/wiki/Unix" title="Unix">Unix</a> bruker paging i kombinasjon med <i>virtuelt minne</i> («tilsynelatende minne», også kalt <i>swapping</i>). Med virtuelt minne settes en seksjon av <a href="/wiki/Platelager" class="mw-redirect" title="Platelager">platelageret</a> til side, og gis funksjonalitet som minne på tross av den store hastighetsforskjellen mellom «ekte» minne og platelagere. </p><p>Det virtuelle minnet får tildelt minneadresser akkurat som det ordinære minnet. En egen tabell holder rede på disse adressene og den samsvarende delen av platelageret. Om prosessoren (via hurtigminnet) ber om innholdet i en minneadresse som ligger i det virtuelle minnet, kastes lite brukt innhold i det egentlige minnet ut til fordel for de etterspurte dataene som ligger i det virtuelle minnet. Da dette er en svært dyr operasjon finnes det mange forskjellige <a href="/wiki/Algoritme" title="Algoritme">algoritmer</a> som prøver å gjøre dette på en best mulig måte. En typisk strategi vil være å kopiere over også nærliggende minneområder i tillegg til det som egentlig var etterspurt, da sjansen er stor for at også disse vil bli etterspurt i nær fremtid. Samtidig må også operativsystemet gjøre antagelser om hvilke data i minnet som vil bli minst etterspurt fremover, slik at man kan «kaste ut» disse fra minnet og dermed minimere sjansen for nye bytter mellom det egentlige minnet og det virtuelle minnet. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Typer_RAM">Typer RAM</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Rediger avsnitt: Typer RAM" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&action=edit&section=13" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Typer RAM"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Magnetkjerneminne" title="Magnetkjerneminne">Magnetkjerneminne</a> (historisk)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SIMM-RAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SIMM-RAM (ikke skrevet ennå)">SIMM-RAM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=EDORAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EDORAM (ikke skrevet ennå)">EDORAM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SDRAM&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SDRAM (ikke skrevet ennå)">SDRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DDR_SDRAM" title="DDR SDRAM">DDR SDRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ECC-RAM" class="mw-redirect" title="ECC-RAM">ECC-RAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Static_Random_Access_Memory" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Static Random Access Memory">SRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_Random_Access_Memory" class="mw-redirect" title="Dynamic Random Access Memory">DRAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SO_DIMM" title="SO DIMM">SO DIMM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=RDRAM_(Rambus)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="RDRAM (Rambus) (ikke skrevet ennå)">RDRAM (Rambus)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Se_også"><span id="Se_ogs.C3.A5"></span>Se også</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Rediger avsnitt: Se også" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>rediger</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hovedminne&action=edit&section=14" title="Rediger kildekoden til seksjonen Se også"><span>rediger kilde</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ROM" class="mw-redirect" title="ROM">ROM</a> (Read-Only Memory), RAM-lignende minne som bare kan leses fra, og ikke skrives til.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r23230704">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox 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