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<li id="toc-Farming,_ranching,_railroad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Farming,_ranching,_railroad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Farming, ranching, railroad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Farming,_ranching,_railroad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Internment_camp" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Internment_camp"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Internment camp</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Internment_camp-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_activism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_activism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Political activism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_activism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Chicano_School_Walkouts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Chicano_School_Walkouts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Chicano School Walkouts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chicano_School_Walkouts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-La_Raza_Unida_Party" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#La_Raza_Unida_Party"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>La Raza Unida Party</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-La_Raza_Unida_Party-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1976_indictments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1976_indictments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>1976 indictments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1976_indictments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Political_corruption" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Political_corruption"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Political corruption</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Political_corruption-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2020_census" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2020_census"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>2020 census</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2020_census-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2000_census" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000_census"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>2000 census</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000_census-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Crystal City, Texas</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 39 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-39" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">39 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A" title="كريستال سيتي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="كريستال سيتي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%8C_%D8%AA%DA%A9%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="کریستال سیتی، تکزاس – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="کریستال سیتی، تکزاس" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City_(Texas)" title="Crystal City (Texas) – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Crystal City (Texas)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%A1%D1%96%D1%86%D1%96_(%D0%A2%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81)" title="Крыстал-Сіці (Тэхас) – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Крыстал-Сіці (Тэхас)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City_(kapital_sa_kondado)" title="Crystal City (kapital sa kondado) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Crystal City (kapital sa kondado)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City,_Texas" title="Crystal City, Texas – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Crystal City, Texas" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City" title="Crystal City – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Crystal City" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City_(Texas)" title="Crystal City (Texas) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Crystal City (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City_(Texas)" title="Crystal City (Texas) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Crystal City (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristala_Urbo" title="Kristala Urbo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kristala Urbo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City_(Texas)" title="Crystal City (Texas) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Crystal City (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%8C_%D8%AA%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="کریستال سیتی، تگزاس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کریستال سیتی، تگزاس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City_(Texas)" title="Crystal City (Texas) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Crystal City (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City,_Texas" title="Crystal City, Texas – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Crystal City, Texas" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%8A_(%D8%AA%DA%AF%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B3)" title="کريستال سيتي (تگزاس) – Gilaki" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="کريستال سيتي (تگزاس)" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="Gilaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City_(Teksas)" title="Crystal City (Teksas) – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Crystal City (Teksas)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City_(Texas)" title="Crystal City (Texas) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Crystal City (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City,_Texas" title="Crystal City, Texas – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Crystal City, Texas" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City_(Texas)" title="Crystal City (Texas) – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Crystal City (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kristal_Sitis_(Teksasas)" title="Kristal Sitis (Teksasas) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Kristal Sitis (Teksasas)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City_(Texas)" title="Crystal City (Texas) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Crystal City (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City,_Texas" title="Crystal City, Texas – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Crystal City, Texas" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%89" title="كريستال سيتى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="كريستال سيتى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City_(Texas)" title="Crystal City (Texas) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Crystal City (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8_(%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81)" title="Кристал-Сити (Техас) – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Кристал-Сити (Техас)" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City_(Texas)" title="Crystal City (Texas) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Crystal City (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City_(Teksas)" title="Crystal City (Teksas) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Crystal City (Teksas)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City_(Texas)" title="Crystal City (Texas) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Crystal City (Texas)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8_(%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81)" title="Кристал-Сити (Техас) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кристал-Сити (Техас)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City,_Texas" title="Crystal City, Texas – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Crystal City, Texas" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8_(%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%81)" title="Кристал Сити (Тексас) – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кристал Сити (Тексас)" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City,_Texas" title="Crystal City, Texas – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Crystal City, Texas" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City,_Texas" title="Crystal City, Texas – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Crystal City, Texas" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8_(%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81)" title="Кристал-Сити (Техас) – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Кристал-Сити (Техас)" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%A1%D1%96%D1%82%D1%96_(%D0%A2%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%81)" title="Кристал-Сіті (Техас) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Кристал-Сіті (Техас)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%B9%D9%84_%D8%B3%D9%B9%DB%8C%D8%8C_%D9%B9%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B3" title="کرسٹل سٹی، ٹیکساس – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کرسٹل سٹی، ٹیکساس" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City,_Texas" title="Crystal City, Texas – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Crystal City, Texas" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_City,_Texas" title="Crystal City, Texas – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" 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.geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Crystal_City,_Texas&params=28_41_4_N_99_49_40_W_region:US_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">28°41′4″N</span> <span class="longitude">99°49′40″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">28.68444°N 99.82778°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">28.68444; -99.82778</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City and county seat in Texas, United States</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Crystal City, Texas</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a> and <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seat</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sacred_Heart_Catholic_Church,_Crystal_City,_TX_IMG_4244_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Sacred Heart Catholic Church in Crystal City"><img alt="Sacred Heart Catholic Church in Crystal City" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Sacred_Heart_Catholic_Church%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4244_2.JPG/200px-Sacred_Heart_Catholic_Church%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4244_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Sacred_Heart_Catholic_Church%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4244_2.JPG/300px-Sacred_Heart_Catholic_Church%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4244_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Sacred_Heart_Catholic_Church%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4244_2.JPG/400px-Sacred_Heart_Catholic_Church%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4244_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Sacred Heart <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> in Crystal City</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Spinach Capital of the World</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:TXMap-doton-CrystalCity.PNG" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Crystal City, Texas"><img alt="Location of Crystal City, Texas" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/TXMap-doton-CrystalCity.PNG/250px-TXMap-doton-CrystalCity.PNG" decoding="async" width="250" height="237" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/16/TXMap-doton-CrystalCity.PNG 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="284" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Crystal City, Texas</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zavala_County_CrystalCity.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Zavala_County_CrystalCity.svg/250px-Zavala_County_CrystalCity.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Zavala_County_CrystalCity.svg/375px-Zavala_County_CrystalCity.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Zavala_County_CrystalCity.svg/500px-Zavala_County_CrystalCity.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="765" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Crystal_City,_Texas&params=28_41_4_N_99_49_40_W_region:US_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">28°41′4″N</span> <span class="longitude">99°49′40″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">28.68444°N 99.82778°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">28.68444; -99.82778</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Texas" title="List of counties in Texas">County</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Zavala_County,_Texas" title="Zavala County, Texas">Zavala</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Mayor" title="Mayor">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Frank Moreno Junior<sup id="cite_ref-N4_2016-07-21_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-N4_2016-07-21-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-CenPopGazetteer2019_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CenPopGazetteer2019-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">3.65 sq mi (9.46 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">3.64 sq mi (9.44 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">0.01 sq mi (0.02 km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">558 ft (170 m)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(<a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 United States Census">2020</a>)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">6,354</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,740/sq mi (673/km<sup>2</sup>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC-6" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC-6">UTC-6</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Time_Zone_(North_America)" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Time Zone (North America)">Central (CST)</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC-5" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC-5">UTC-5</a> (CDT)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/ZIP_code" class="mw-redirect" title="ZIP code">ZIP code</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">78839</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_code_830" title="Area code 830">830</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Federal_Information_Processing_Standard" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Information Processing Standard">FIPS code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">48-18020<sup id="cite_ref-GR2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GR2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_Names_Information_System" title="Geographic Names Information System">GNIS</a> feature ID</th><td class="infobox-data">1355449<sup id="cite_ref-GR3_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GR3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.crystalcitytx.org">http://crystalcitytx.org/</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Crystal City</b> is a city in and the <a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">county seat</a> of <a href="/wiki/Zavala_County,_Texas" title="Zavala County, Texas">Zavala County, Texas</a>, United States.<sup id="cite_ref-GR6_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GR6-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The population was 6,354 as of the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_Census" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 United States Census">2020 census</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was settled as a farming and ranching community and was a major railroad stop being 110 miles (180 km) from <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a>. <a href="/wiki/Spinach" title="Spinach">Spinach</a> became a major crop and the city has promoted itself as "Spinach Capital of the World." During World War II, a large internment camp was located here. The town is also noteworthy in the history of <a href="/wiki/Mexican_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican American">Mexican American</a> political <a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">self-determination</a> for the founding of the <a href="/wiki/Raza_Unida_Party" title="Raza Unida Party">La Raza Unida Party</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Farming,_ranching,_railroad"><span id="Farming.2C_ranching.2C_railroad"></span>Farming, ranching, railroad</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Farming, ranching, railroad"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Downtown_Crystal_City,_TX_IMG_4240.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Downtown_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4240.JPG/220px-Downtown_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4240.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Downtown_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4240.JPG/330px-Downtown_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4240.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Downtown_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4240.JPG/440px-Downtown_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4240.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>A view of downtown Crystal City</figcaption></figure> <p>Crystal City was originally settled by American farmers and ranchers producing cattle and various crops. </p><p>The successful production of spinach evolved into a dominant industry. By March 26, 1937, the growers had erected a statue of the cartoon character <a href="/wiki/Popeye" title="Popeye">Popeye</a> in the town because his reliance on spinach for strength led to greater popularity for the vegetable, which had become a staple cash crop of the local economy.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early in its history, the area known as the "Winter Garden District" was deemed the "Spinach Capital of the World" (a title contested by <a href="/wiki/Alma,_Arkansas" title="Alma, Arkansas">Alma, Arkansas</a>). The first Spinach Festival was held in 1936. It was put on hold during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and later years. The festival resumed in 1982. The Spinach Festival is traditionally held on the second weekend in November, and draws former residents (many of them former migrant farm workers) from <a href="/wiki/Michigan" title="Michigan">Michigan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minnesota" title="Minnesota">Minnesota</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, Washington, and beyond. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Internment_camp">Internment camp</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Internment camp"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Crystal_City_Internment_Camp" title="Crystal City Internment Camp">Crystal City Internment Camp</a></div> <p>During World War II, Crystal City was home to a <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> <a href="/wiki/Crystal_City_Internment_Camp" title="Crystal City Internment Camp">internment camp</a> which housed American civilians of German, Japanese, and Italian ancestry. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Oasis_Drive-In,_Crystal_City,_TX_IMG_4246.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Oasis_Drive-In%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4246.JPG/220px-Oasis_Drive-In%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4246.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Oasis_Drive-In%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4246.JPG/330px-Oasis_Drive-In%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4246.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Oasis_Drive-In%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4246.JPG/440px-Oasis_Drive-In%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4246.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Oasis Drive Inn on <a href="/wiki/U.S._Highway_83" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Highway 83">U.S. Highway 83</a> in Crystal City</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_activism">Political activism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Political activism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the stream of refugees fleeing the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Revolution_of_1910" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexican Revolution of 1910">Mexican Revolution of 1910</a>, and later added to by Mexican migrant workers lured by the local spinach industry, the demographics of the small rural city began to shift over the years since its 1910 incorporation, due to its proximity to the U.S./Mexico border. </p><p>In 1962, Mexican-Americans began to register to vote and were harassed by local <a href="/wiki/Police" title="Police">police</a>, employers, and especially the <a href="/wiki/Texas_Ranger_Division" title="Texas Ranger Division">Texas Rangers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Rangers used a range of intimidation tactics, including physical <a href="/wiki/Violence" title="Violence">violence</a>/threats and preventing the formation of voter rallies.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several <a href="/wiki/Lawsuit" title="Lawsuit">lawsuits</a> resulted, drawing significant <a href="/wiki/Journalism" title="Journalism">press</a> attention.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1963, the swiftly emerging Mexican-American majority elected an all-Mexican-American city council, led by Juan Cornejo, a local representative of the <a href="/wiki/Teamsters_Union" class="mw-redirect" title="Teamsters Union">Teamsters Union</a> at the Del Monte cannery in Crystal City.<sup id="cite_ref-PPM-Thompson_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PPM-Thompson-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The newly elected city council, and the succeeding administration, had trouble governing the city because of political factions among the new officials. Cornejo was appointed mayor from among the five new council members. His quest to control the city government eventually led to his loss of political support. Although these five elected officials known as "Los Cinco" only held office for two years, many consider this moment the "spark" or starting point of what became known as the Chicano movement.<sup id="cite_ref-TSHA-Acosta_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TSHA-Acosta-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A new group made up of both <a href="/wiki/Anglo-America" title="Anglo-America">Anglos</a> and Mexican Americans, the Citizens Association Serving All Americans, announced its plans to run candidates for countywide offices in 1964, and won.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1969, it was no longer allowed for Mexican Americans to speak Spanish in school, and there were no more classes or lessons on Mexican history, culture, or literature, even though Mexican Americans were the majority in Crystal City.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chicano_School_Walkouts">Chicano School Walkouts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Chicano School Walkouts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mexican Americans were, and continue to comprise, the majority of the population of Crystal City. In the late 1960s, over half of these were migrant farmers who would take their children out of school in the spring and sometimes would not return from the migrant circuit until the fall semester had already begun. During the summer interim, government officials and school board members would pass rules and regulations to maintain control of the absentee population. However, not just in these positions of power was the lack of Mexican Americans noticeable. A faculty committee of the local high school ruled that only one Mexican American cheerleader was allowed and the rest had to be Anglo. In the 1969 school year, students were outraged when two cheerleading spots became vacant but Mexican American students were not considered to fill the spots because one Mexican American cheerleader was already on the team. That year, the school board also required that any candidate for cheerleader had to have at least one parent who graduated from the high school. When Mexican American students complained to the superintendent, a new rule was created that stated that there were to be three Mexican American cheerleaders and three Anglo cheerleaders. The Anglo parents complained that the superintendent was "caving in" to the Mexican American students, which resulted in the school board nullifying the superintendent's solution and creating a new resolution stating that any future unrest among the students would be met with expulsion. </p><p>Student leaders took their concerns to the school board, who refused to hear their demands, which included the "hiring of more Hispanic teachers and counselors; more classes to challenge students and fewer shop and home economics electives; bilingual-bicultural education at the elementary and secondary levels; Mexican American studies classes to reflect the contributions made by Latinos; and the edition of a student representative to the school board."<sup id="cite_ref-tolerance.org_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tolerance.org-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the school board refused to hear their demands, the students staged a walkout on December 9, 1969. Eventually the number of students walking the picket line exceeded 2,000. When elementary and junior high students began to join the walkout, the Texas Education Agency (TEA) sent negotiators in an attempt to get the students back in school. The TEA recommended closing schools early for the Christmas holidays, but the school board nixed this idea. </p><p>Texas Senator <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Yarborough" title="Ralph Yarborough">Ralph Yarborough</a> invited three student leaders to come to Washington, DC, to discuss discrimination in their schools. These students also met with Senators <a href="/wiki/Ted_Kennedy" title="Ted Kennedy">Edward Kennedy</a> and <a href="/wiki/George_McGovern" title="George McGovern">George McGovern</a>, who notified the Civil Rights division of the Department of Justice and the Department of Health, Education, and Welfare of the situation. Texans for the Educational Advancement of Mexican Americans (TEAMA) taught the striking students during the Christmas holidays. </p><p>The school board finally agreed to a hearing, and on January 9, 1970, student demands were approved. This victory galvanized the community and that spring, "Mexican American candidates swept the school board and city council elections."<sup id="cite_ref-tolerance.org_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tolerance.org-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Within two years, the faculty of the school, as well as administrators and the superintendent, reflected the Mexican American majority of the population. The school had an increase in graduating students; a majority were enrolling in some form of higher education. Some of the student leaders of the walkout later held key positions at the school and in government. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="La_Raza_Unida_Party">La Raza Unida Party</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: La Raza Unida Party"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By the late 1960s, Crystal City became the location of continued activism in the <a href="/wiki/Civil_rights_movement" title="Civil rights movement">civil rights movement</a> among its Mexican American majority population, and the birthplace of the third-party political movement known as La <a href="/wiki/Raza_Unida_Party" title="Raza Unida Party">Raza Unida Party</a> founded by three Chicanos, including <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_%C3%81ngel_Guti%C3%A9rrez" title="José Ángel Gutiérrez">José Ángel Gutiérrez</a> over a conflict about the ethnicity of cheerleaders at Crystal City High School. La Raza Unida, and related organizations, then won election to most offices in Crystal City and Zavala County in the periods between 1969 and 1980, when the party declined at the local level.<sup id="cite_ref-TSHA-Odintz_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TSHA-Odintz-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1970s, following protests of charges (essentially nonpayment of services) on the part of La Raza Unida, Crystal City's <a href="/wiki/Natural_gas" title="Natural gas">natural gas</a> supply was shut off by its only supplier. Crystal City residents resorted to mostly wood-burning stoves and individual propane gas tanks for cooking. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1976_indictments">1976 indictments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 1976 indictments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zavala_County_Bank,_Crystal_City,_TX_IMG_4245.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Zavala_County_Bank%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4245.JPG/220px-Zavala_County_Bank%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4245.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Zavala_County_Bank%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4245.JPG/330px-Zavala_County_Bank%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4245.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Zavala_County_Bank%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4245.JPG/440px-Zavala_County_Bank%2C_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4245.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Zavala County Bank in Crystal City</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1976, 11 officials in Crystal City were <a href="/wiki/Indictment" title="Indictment">indicted</a> on various counts. Angel Noe Gonzalez, the former <a href="/wiki/Crystal_City_Independent_School_District" title="Crystal City Independent School District">Crystal City Independent School District</a> superintendent who later worked in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Education" title="United States Department of Education">United States Department of Education</a> in <a href="/wiki/Washington,_DC" class="mw-redirect" title="Washington, DC">Washington, DC</a>, upon his indictment retained the San Antonio lawyer and later mayor, <a href="/wiki/Phil_Hardberger" title="Phil Hardberger">Phil Hardberger</a>. Gonzalez was charged with paying Adan Cantu for doing no work. Hardberger, however, documented to the court specific duties that Cantu had performed and disputed all the witnesses called against Cantu. The jury unanimously acquitted Gonzalez. Many newspapers reported on the indictments, but not on the acquittal. <a href="/wiki/John_Luke_Hill" class="mw-redirect" title="John Luke Hill">John Luke Hill</a>, the 1978 <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Texas" title="Governor of Texas">gubernatorial</a> <a href="/wiki/Nomination" title="Nomination">nominee</a>, had sought to weaken La Raza Unida so that he would not lose <a href="/wiki/General_election" title="General election">general election</a> votes to a third-party candidate. Victory, however, went not to Hill, but narrowly to his successful <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> rival, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clements" title="Bill Clements">Bill Clements</a>. Compean received only 15,000 votes, or 0.6%, just under Clements's 17,000-vote <a href="/wiki/Plurality_(voting)" title="Plurality (voting)">plurality</a> over Hill.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Political_corruption">Political corruption</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Political corruption"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 2016, almost every top official of the city was arrested under a federal indictment accusing them of taking bribes from contractors and providing city workers to assist an illegal gambling operator, Ngoc Tri Nguyen. Included were Mayor Ricardo Lopez, city attorney William Jonas, Mayor <i>pro tem</i> Rogelio Mata, council member Roel Mata, and former council member Gilbert Urrabazo. A second councilman, Marco Rodriguez, was already charged in a separate case with smuggling Mexican immigrants. A week earlier, Lopez was taken into custody for assault and disorderly conduct during a city council meeting in which a recall election to remove two other city council members and him was discussed. In December, Jonas surrendered to authorities after being charged with assault for allegedly manhandling an elderly woman who was trying to enter a city council meeting. That left one councilman free of federal charges.<sup id="cite_ref-ABCNEWS20160204_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ABCNEWS20160204-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOXNEWS20160205_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOXNEWS20160205-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-N4_2016-07-21_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-N4_2016-07-21-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zavala_County,_TX,_Courthouse_IMG_4236.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Zavala_County%2C_TX%2C_Courthouse_IMG_4236.JPG/220px-Zavala_County%2C_TX%2C_Courthouse_IMG_4236.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Zavala_County%2C_TX%2C_Courthouse_IMG_4236.JPG/330px-Zavala_County%2C_TX%2C_Courthouse_IMG_4236.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Zavala_County%2C_TX%2C_Courthouse_IMG_4236.JPG/440px-Zavala_County%2C_TX%2C_Courthouse_IMG_4236.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Zavala_County_Courthouse" title="Zavala County Courthouse">Zavala County Courthouse</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Census_Bureau" title="United States Census Bureau">United States Census Bureau</a>, the city has a total area of 3.6 square miles (9.4 km<sup>2</sup>), all land. Major bodies of water near Crystal City include the <a href="/wiki/Nueces_River" title="Nueces River">Nueces River</a> and <a href="/wiki/Averhoff_Reservoir" title="Averhoff Reservoir">Averhoff Reservoir</a>. Soils are well-drained, reddish brown to grayish brown, sandy loam or clay loam of the Brystal, Pryor, and Tonio series; the Brystal is neutral to mildly alkaline and the other two tend to be moderately alkaline.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224496135">.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop{border-spacing:1px;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:0.3em;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop caption{background-color:lavender;color:black;padding-right:0.2em;padding-left:0.2em;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-bottom:none}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop th[scope=col]{border-bottom:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(2){text-align:right;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td.us-census-pop-estimate{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(3){padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop td:nth-child(4){padding-left:0.5em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-footnote{border-top:1px solid black;font-size:85%;text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .us-census-pop-none{float:none;margin:0 1em 1em 0}}</style> <table class="us-census-pop us-census-pop-right"> <caption>Historical population</caption> <tbody><tr><th scope="col">Census</th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Population">Pop.</abbr></th><th scope="col"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1152813436">.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px;white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="sr-only">Note</span></th><th scope="col"><abbr title="Percent change">%±</abbr></th></tr> <tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1930_United_States_census" title="1930 United States census">1930</a></th><td>6,609</td><td></td><td>—</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1940_United_States_census" title="1940 United States census">1940</a></th><td>6,529</td><td></td><td>−1.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1950_United_States_census" title="1950 United States census">1950</a></th><td>7,198</td><td></td><td>10.2%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1960_United_States_census" title="1960 United States census">1960</a></th><td>9,101</td><td></td><td>26.4%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1970_United_States_census" title="1970 United States census">1970</a></th><td>8,104</td><td></td><td>−11.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1980_United_States_census" title="1980 United States census">1980</a></th><td>8,334</td><td></td><td>2.8%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/1990_United_States_census" title="1990 United States census">1990</a></th><td>8,263</td><td></td><td>−0.9%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2000_United_States_census" title="2000 United States census">2000</a></th><td>7,190</td><td></td><td>−13.0%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2010_United_States_census" title="2010 United States census">2010</a></th><td>7,138</td><td></td><td>−0.7%</td></tr><tr><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020</a></th><td>6,354</td><td></td><td>−11.0%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" class="us-census-pop-footnote">U.S. Decennial Census<sup id="cite_ref-DecennialCensus_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DecennialCensus-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2020_census">2020 census</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: 2020 census"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><b>Crystal City racial composition</b><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> (NH = Non-Hispanic)<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>Race </th> <th>Number </th> <th>Percentage </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_whites" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic or Latino whites">White</a> (NH) </td> <td>187 </td> <td>2.94% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Non-Hispanic_or_Latino_African_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="Non-Hispanic or Latino African Americans">Black or African American</a> (NH) </td> <td>51 </td> <td>0.8% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Native_Americans_in_the_United_States" title="Native Americans in the United States">Native American</a> or <a href="/wiki/Alaska_Native" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaska Native">Alaska Native</a> (NH) </td> <td>16 </td> <td>0.25% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans" title="Asian Americans">Asian</a> (NH) </td> <td>10 </td> <td>0.16% </td></tr> <tr> <td>Some Other Race (NH) </td> <td>3 </td> <td>0.05% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Multiracial_Americans" title="Multiracial Americans">Mixed/Multi-Racial</a> (NH) </td> <td>26 </td> <td>0.41% </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans" title="Hispanic and Latino Americans">Hispanic or Latino</a> </td> <td>6,061 </td> <td>95.39% </td></tr> <tr> <td><b>Total</b> </td> <td><b>6,354</b> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>As of the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_census" title="2020 United States census">2020 United States census</a>, there were 6,354 people, 2,458 households, and 2,050 families residing in the city. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2000_census">2000 census</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: 2000 census"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As of the <a href="/wiki/Census" title="Census">census</a><sup id="cite_ref-GR2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GR2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of 2000, 7,190 people, 2,183 households, and 1,781 families resided in the city. The population density was 1,974 inhabitants per square mile (762/km<sup>2</sup>). The 2,500 housing units averaged 686 per square mile (265/km<sup>2</sup>). The <a href="/wiki/Race_(United_States_Census)" class="mw-redirect" title="Race (United States Census)">racial makeup</a> of the city was 67.96% White, 0.67% African American, 0.39% Native American, 0.10% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 28.33% from other races, and 2.50% from two or more races. Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 94.97% of the population. </p><p>Of the 2,183 households, 43.2% had children under 18 living with them, 51.9% were married couples living together, 25.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.4% were not families. About 16.9% of all households consisted of individuals; 9.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 3.25 and the average family size was 3.67. </p><p>In the city, the population was distributed as 34.9% under the age of 18, 9.6% from 18 to 24, 24.2% from 25 to 44, 18.7% from 45 to 64, and 12.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 91.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 86.1 males. </p><p>The median income for a household in the city was $15,400, and for a family was $17,555. Males had a median income of $22,217 versus $14,591 for females. The <a href="/wiki/Per_capita_income" title="Per capita income">per capita income</a> for the city was $8,899. About 39.8% of families and 44.1% of the population were below the <a href="/wiki/Poverty_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Poverty line">poverty line</a>, including 51.3% of those under age 18 and 43.2% of those age 65 or over. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Crystal_City_Correctional_Center" title="Crystal City Correctional Center">Crystal City Correctional Center</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Private_prison" title="Private prison">private prison</a>, was previously one of the largest employers in the Crystal City area when it housed prisoners from a variety of jurisdictions, including federal prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-twgee_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-twgee-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_City,_TX,_Correctional_facility_IMG_4248.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Crystal_City%2C_TX%2C_Correctional_facility_IMG_4248.JPG/220px-Crystal_City%2C_TX%2C_Correctional_facility_IMG_4248.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Crystal_City%2C_TX%2C_Correctional_facility_IMG_4248.JPG/330px-Crystal_City%2C_TX%2C_Correctional_facility_IMG_4248.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Crystal_City%2C_TX%2C_Correctional_facility_IMG_4248.JPG/440px-Crystal_City%2C_TX%2C_Correctional_facility_IMG_4248.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Crystal_City_Correctional_Center" title="Crystal City Correctional Center">Crystal City Correctional Center</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SWTJC_branch_in_Crystal_City,_TX_IMG_4239.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/SWTJC_branch_in_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4239.JPG/220px-SWTJC_branch_in_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4239.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/SWTJC_branch_in_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4239.JPG/330px-SWTJC_branch_in_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4239.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/SWTJC_branch_in_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4239.JPG/440px-SWTJC_branch_in_Crystal_City%2C_TX_IMG_4239.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>The Southwest Texas Junior College branch in Crystal City</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Crystal City is served by <a href="/wiki/U.S._Route_83_in_Texas" title="U.S. Route 83 in Texas">U.S. Route 83</a> and FM 65, FM 582, and FM 1433. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Crystal City is served by the <a href="/wiki/Crystal_City_Independent_School_District" title="Crystal City Independent School District">Crystal City Independent School District</a>. The high school teams are known as the Javelinas. </p><p>Also, the area has a branch of <a href="/wiki/Southwest_Texas_Junior_College" title="Southwest Texas Junior College">Southwest Texas Junior College</a>; its main campus is to the north in Uvalde. </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-N4_2016-07-21-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-N4_2016-07-21_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-N4_2016-07-21_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLofholm2016" class="citation news cs1">Lofholm, Andrew (July 21, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news4sanantonio.com/news/local/new-details-released-about-alleged-corruption-in-crystal-city">"New details released about alleged corruption in Crystal City"</a>. <i>News 4</i>. San Antonio<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Hires Assistant Vice President of Capital Sourcing, February 2005"</a>. thefreelibrary.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 25,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ecoloclean+Industries%2C+Inc.+Hires+Assistant+Vice+President+of+Capital+Sourcing%2C+February+2005&rft.pub=thefreelibrary.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thefreelibrary.com%2FEcoloclean%2BIndustries%2C%2BInc.%2BHires%2BAssistant%2BVice%2BPresident%2Bof%2BCapital...-a0132586852&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACrystal+City%2C+Texas" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Crystal_City,_Texas&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allan_R._Bosworth" title="Allan R. Bosworth">Bosworth, Allan R.</a> (1967), <i>America's Concentration Camps</i>, New York: Norton.</li> <li>Connell, Thomas. (2002). <i>America's Japanese Hostages: The US Plan For A Japanese Free Hemisphere</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.amazon.com/Americas-Japanese-Hostages-Peruvian-Identities/dp/0275975355/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&qid=1372771369&sr=8-1&keywords=america%27s+japanese+hostages">[1]</a> Westport: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Praeger-Greenwood&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Praeger-Greenwood (page does not exist)">Praeger-Greenwood</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780275975357" title="Special:BookSources/9780275975357">9780275975357</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/48620417">OCLC 606835431</a></li> <li>Fox, Stephen, <i>America's Invisible Gulag, A Biography of German American Internment and Exclusion in World War II.</i> Morehouse Pub, 2000, 379 pp.</li> <li>Miller, Michael V. "Chicano Community Control in South Texas: Problems And Prospects," <i>Journal of Ethnic Studies</i> (1975) 3#3 pp 70–89.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jensen,_Richard_J." class="mw-redirect" title="Jensen, Richard J.">Jensen, Richard J.</a> and John C. Hammerback, "Radical Nationalism Among Chicanos: The Rhetoric of José Angel Gutiérrez," <i>Western Journal of Speech Communication: WJSC</i> (1980) 44#3 pp 191–202</li> <li>Navarro, Armando. <i>The Cristal Experiment: A Chicano Struggle for Community Control</i> (University of Wisconsin Press, 1998)</li> <li>Riley, Karen L. <i>Schools behind Barbed Wire: The Untold Story of Wartime Internment and the Children of Arrested Enemy Aliens</i> (2002).</li> <li>Russell, Jan Jarboe (2015), <i>The Train to Crystal City: FDR's Secret Prisoner Exchange and America's Only Family Internment Camp during World War II</i>, Waterville, ME: Thorndike Press.</li> <li>Shockley, John Staples. <i>Chicano Revolt in a Texas Town</i> (1974), [detailed narrative of 1960s and 1970s].</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a 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li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Zavala_County,_Texas" title="Template:Zavala County, Texas"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:inherit">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Zavala_County,_Texas" title="Template talk:Zavala County, Texas"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:inherit">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Zavala_County,_Texas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Zavala County, Texas"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:inherit">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_and_communities_of_Zavala_County,_Texas,_United_States" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Municipalities and communities of <a href="/wiki/Zavala_County,_Texas" title="Zavala County, Texas"><span class="region">Zavala County, Texas</span></a>, <span class="country-name">United States</span></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat"><span>County seat</span></a>: <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><span>Crystal City</span></a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/City" title="City">City</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crystal City</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Zavala County map"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Zavala_County.svg/100px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Zavala_County.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Zavala_County.svg/150px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Zavala_County.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Zavala_County.svg/200px-Map_of_Texas_highlighting_Zavala_County.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1386" data-file-height="1317" /></span><figcaption>Zavala County map</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Census-designated_place" title="Census-designated place">CDPs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amaya,_Texas" title="Amaya, Texas">Amaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batesville,_Texas" title="Batesville, Texas">Batesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chula_Vista,_Zavala_County,_Texas" title="Chula Vista, Zavala County, Texas">Chula Vista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Pryor,_Texas" title="La Pryor, Texas">La Pryor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loma_Grande,_Texas" title="Loma Grande, Texas">Loma Grande</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3" style="color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:Texas (state)"><span>Texas portal</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States"><span>United States portal</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="State_of_Texas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Texas" title="Template:Texas"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Texas" title="Template talk:Texas"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Texas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Texas"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="State_of_Texas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/U.S._state" title="U.S. state">State</a> of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></b> (capital)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Index_of_Texas-related_articles" title="Index of Texas-related articles">Topics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Texas" title="Outline of Texas">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Texas" title="Architecture of Texas">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Texas" title="Climate of Texas">Climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Texas" title="Climate change in Texas">Climate change</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texan_cuisine" title="Texan cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Texas" title="Geography of Texas">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Texas" title="Government of Texas">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Texas" title="Healthcare in Texas">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Texas" title="History of Texas">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Texas" title="Languages of Texas">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Texas" title="Law of Texas">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_literature" title="Texas literature">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mass_media_in_Texas" title="Category:Mass media in Texas">Mass media</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_newspapers_in_Texas" title="List of newspapers in Texas">Newspapers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_stations_in_Texas" title="List of radio stations in Texas">Radio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_television_stations_in_Texas" title="List of television stations in Texas">TV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Historic_Landmarks_in_Texas" title="List of National Historic Landmarks in Texas">National Historic Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places_listings_in_Texas" title="National Register of Historic Places listings in Texas">National Register of Historic Places Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Recorded_Texas_Historic_Landmarks" title="List of Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks">Recorded Texas Historic Landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_Texas" title="Sports in Texas">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_state_symbols" title="List of Texas state symbols">Symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Texas" title="List of people from Texas">Texans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Texas" title="Time in Texas">Time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tourist_attractions_in_Texas" title="Category:Tourist attractions in Texas">Tourist attractions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Texas" title="Transportation in Texas">Transportation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Texas" title="Abortion in Texas">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Texas" title="Culture of Texas">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Texas" title="Crime in Texas">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Texas" title="Demographics of Texas">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Texas" title="Economy of Texas">Economy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Texas" title="Education in Texas">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambling_in_Texas" title="Gambling in Texas">Gambling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gun_laws_in_Texas" title="Gun laws in Texas">Gun laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="Homelessness in Texas">Homelessness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Texas" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Texas">LGBT rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Texas" title="Politics of Texas">Politics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regions_of_the_United_States#Texas" title="List of regions of the United States">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ark-La-Tex" title="Ark-La-Tex">Ark‑La‑Tex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Bend_(Texas)" title="Big Bend (Texas)">Big Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boca_Chica_(Texas)" title="Boca Chica (Texas)">Boca Chica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Blackland_Prairies" title="Texas Blackland Prairies">Blackland Prairies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazos_Valley" title="Brazos Valley">Brazos Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Texas" title="Central Texas">Central Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Coastal_Bend" title="Texas Coastal Bend">Coastal Bend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concho_Valley" title="Concho Valley">Concho Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross_Timbers" title="Cross Timbers">Cross Timbers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Texas" title="East Texas">East Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwards_Plateau" title="Edwards Plateau">Edwards Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Triangle_(Texas)" class="mw-redirect" title="Golden Triangle (Texas)">Golden Triangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Hill_Country" title="Texas Hill Country">Hill Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llano_Estacado" title="Llano Estacado">Llano Estacado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northeast_Texas" title="Northeast Texas">Northeast Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Texas" title="North Texas">North Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osage_Plains" title="Osage Plains">Osage Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_panhandle" title="Texas panhandle">Panhandle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permian_Basin_(North_America)" title="Permian Basin (North America)">Permian Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piney_Woods" title="Piney Woods">Piney Woods</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Rio_Grande_Valley" title="Lower Rio Grande Valley">Rio Grande Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southeast_Texas" title="Southeast Texas">Southeast Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Plains" title="South Plains">South Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Texas" title="South Texas">South Texas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texoma" title="Texoma">Texoma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trans-Pecos" title="Trans-Pecos">Trans-Pecos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Texas" title="West Texas">West Texas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Texas_metropolitan_areas" title="List of Texas metropolitan areas">Metropolitan<br />areas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas">Abilene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarillo,_Texas" title="Amarillo, Texas">Amarillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a>–<a href="/wiki/Round_Rock,_Texas" title="Round Rock, Texas">Round Rock</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Austin" title="Greater Austin">Greater Austin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaumont,_Texas" title="Beaumont, Texas">Beaumont</a>–<a href="/wiki/Port_Arthur,_Texas" title="Port Arthur, Texas">Port Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownsville,_Texas" title="Brownsville, Texas">Brownsville</a>–<a href="/wiki/Harlingen,_Texas" title="Harlingen, Texas">Harlingen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_Station,_Texas" title="College Station, Texas">College Station</a>–<a href="/wiki/Bryan,_Texas" title="Bryan, Texas">Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a>–<a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a>–<a href="/wiki/Arlington,_Texas" title="Arlington, Texas">Arlington</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dallas%E2%80%93Fort_Worth_metroplex" title="Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex">DFW</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a>–<a href="/wiki/The_Woodlands,_Texas" title="The Woodlands, Texas">The Woodlands</a>–<a href="/wiki/Sugar_Land,_Texas" title="Sugar Land, Texas">Sugar Land</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Houston" title="Greater Houston">Greater Houston</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killeen,_Texas" title="Killeen, Texas">Killeen</a>–<a href="/wiki/Temple,_Texas" title="Temple, Texas">Temple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laredo,_Texas" title="Laredo, Texas">Laredo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longview,_Texas" title="Longview, Texas">Longview</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kilgore,_Texas" title="Kilgore, Texas">Kilgore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McAllen,_Texas" title="McAllen, Texas">McAllen</a>–<a href="/wiki/Edinburg,_Texas" title="Edinburg, Texas">Edinburg</a>–<a href="/wiki/Mission,_Texas" title="Mission, Texas">Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midland,_Texas" title="Midland, Texas">Midland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odessa,_Texas" title="Odessa, Texas">Odessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Angelo,_Texas" title="San Angelo, Texas">San Angelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a>–<a href="/wiki/New_Braunfels,_Texas" title="New Braunfels, Texas">New Braunfels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman,_Texas" title="Sherman, Texas">Sherman</a>–<a href="/wiki/Denison,_Texas" title="Denison, Texas">Denison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texarkana,_Texas" title="Texarkana, Texas">Texarkana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyler,_Texas" title="Tyler, Texas">Tyler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria,_Texas" title="Victoria, Texas">Victoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waco,_Texas" title="Waco, Texas">Waco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_Creek_(Texas)" title="Wagner Creek (Texas)">Wagner Creek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_Falls,_Texas" title="Wichita Falls, Texas">Wichita Falls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Texas" title="List of counties in Texas">Counties</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><i>See: <a href="/wiki/List_of_counties_in_Texas" title="List of counties in Texas">List of counties in Texas</a></i></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/32px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/48px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/64px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Texas" title="Portal:Texas">Texas portal</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="County_seats_of_Texas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Texas_county_seats" title="Template:Texas county seats"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Texas_county_seats" title="Template talk:Texas county seats"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Texas_county_seats" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Texas county seats"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="County_seats_of_Texas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/County_seat" title="County seat">County seats</a> of <a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">A</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abilene,_Texas" title="Abilene, Texas">Abilene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albany,_Texas" title="Albany, Texas">Albany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alice,_Texas" title="Alice, Texas">Alice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpine,_Texas" title="Alpine, Texas">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amarillo,_Texas" title="Amarillo, Texas">Amarillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anahuac,_Texas" title="Anahuac, Texas">Anahuac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anderson,_Texas" title="Anderson, Texas">Anderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrews,_Texas" title="Andrews, Texas">Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angleton,_Texas" title="Angleton, Texas">Angleton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anson,_Texas" title="Anson, Texas">Anson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archer_City,_Texas" title="Archer City, Texas">Archer City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspermont,_Texas" title="Aspermont, Texas">Aspermont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athens,_Texas" title="Athens, Texas">Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austin,_Texas" title="Austin, Texas">Austin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">B</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baird,_Texas" title="Baird, Texas">Baird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ballinger,_Texas" title="Ballinger, Texas">Ballinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandera,_Texas" title="Bandera, Texas">Bandera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bastrop,_Texas" title="Bastrop, Texas">Bastrop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_City,_Texas" title="Bay City, Texas">Bay City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaumont,_Texas" title="Beaumont, Texas">Beaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beeville,_Texas" title="Beeville, Texas">Beeville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bellville,_Texas" title="Bellville, Texas">Bellville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belton,_Texas" title="Belton, Texas">Belton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin,_Texas" title="Benjamin, Texas">Benjamin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Lake,_Texas" title="Big Lake, Texas">Big Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_Spring,_Texas" title="Big Spring, Texas">Big Spring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boerne,_Texas" title="Boerne, Texas">Boerne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bonham,_Texas" title="Bonham, Texas">Bonham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston,_Texas" title="Boston, Texas">Boston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brackettville,_Texas" title="Brackettville, Texas">Brackettville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brady,_Texas" title="Brady, Texas">Brady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breckenridge,_Texas" title="Breckenridge, Texas">Breckenridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brenham,_Texas" title="Brenham, Texas">Brenham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownfield,_Texas" title="Brownfield, Texas">Brownfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownsville,_Texas" title="Brownsville, Texas">Brownsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brownwood,_Texas" title="Brownwood, Texas">Brownwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bryan,_Texas" title="Bryan, Texas">Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnet,_Texas" title="Burnet, Texas">Burnet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">C</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caldwell,_Texas" title="Caldwell, Texas">Caldwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cameron,_Texas" title="Cameron, Texas">Cameron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian,_Texas" title="Canadian, Texas">Canadian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canton,_Texas" title="Canton, Texas">Canton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canyon,_Texas" title="Canyon, Texas">Canyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrizo_Springs,_Texas" title="Carrizo Springs, Texas">Carrizo Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthage,_Texas" title="Carthage, Texas">Carthage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center,_Texas" title="Center, Texas">Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centerville,_Texas" title="Centerville, Texas">Centerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Channing,_Texas" title="Channing, Texas">Channing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Childress,_Texas" title="Childress, Texas">Childress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarendon,_Texas" title="Clarendon, Texas">Clarendon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarksville,_Texas" title="Clarksville, Texas">Clarksville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude,_Texas" title="Claude, Texas">Claude</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleburne,_Texas" title="Cleburne, Texas">Cleburne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coldspring,_Texas" title="Coldspring, Texas">Coldspring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coleman,_Texas" title="Coleman, Texas">Coleman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_City,_Texas" title="Colorado City, Texas">Colorado City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbus,_Texas" title="Columbus, Texas">Columbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comanche,_Texas" title="Comanche, Texas">Comanche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conroe,_Texas" title="Conroe, Texas">Conroe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper,_Texas" title="Cooper, Texas">Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpus_Christi,_Texas" title="Corpus Christi, Texas">Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corsicana,_Texas" title="Corsicana, Texas">Corsicana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cotulla,_Texas" title="Cotulla, Texas">Cotulla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crane,_Texas" title="Crane, Texas">Crane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crockett,_Texas" title="Crockett, Texas">Crockett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crosbyton,_Texas" title="Crosbyton, Texas">Crosbyton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crowell,_Texas" title="Crowell, Texas">Crowell</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Crystal City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuero,_Texas" title="Cuero, Texas">Cuero</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">D</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daingerfield,_Texas" title="Daingerfield, Texas">Daingerfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalhart,_Texas" title="Dalhart, Texas">Dalhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decatur,_Texas" title="Decatur, Texas">Decatur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Del_Rio,_Texas" title="Del Rio, Texas">Del Rio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denton,_Texas" title="Denton, Texas">Denton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickens,_Texas" title="Dickens, Texas">Dickens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimmitt,_Texas" title="Dimmitt, Texas">Dimmitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumas,_Texas" title="Dumas, Texas">Dumas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">E</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_Pass,_Texas" title="Eagle Pass, Texas">Eagle Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastland,_Texas" title="Eastland, Texas">Eastland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edinburg,_Texas" title="Edinburg, Texas">Edinburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edna,_Texas" title="Edna, Texas">Edna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Paso,_Texas" title="El Paso, Texas">El Paso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldorado,_Texas" title="Eldorado, Texas">Eldorado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emory,_Texas" title="Emory, Texas">Emory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">F</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fairfield,_Texas" title="Fairfield, Texas">Fairfield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falfurrias,_Texas" title="Falfurrias, Texas">Falfurrias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farwell,_Texas" title="Farwell, Texas">Farwell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floresville,_Texas" title="Floresville, Texas">Floresville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Floydada,_Texas" title="Floydada, Texas">Floydada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Davis,_Texas" title="Fort Davis, Texas">Fort Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Stockton,_Texas" title="Fort Stockton, Texas">Fort Stockton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Worth,_Texas" title="Fort Worth, Texas">Fort Worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin,_Texas" title="Franklin, Texas">Franklin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fredericksburg,_Texas" title="Fredericksburg, Texas">Fredericksburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">G</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gail,_Texas" title="Gail, Texas">Gail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gainesville,_Texas" title="Gainesville, Texas">Gainesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galveston,_Texas" title="Galveston, Texas">Galveston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garden_City,_Texas" title="Garden City, Texas">Garden City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gatesville,_Texas" title="Gatesville, Texas">Gatesville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_West,_Texas" title="George West, Texas">George West</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgetown,_Texas" title="Georgetown, Texas">Georgetown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giddings,_Texas" title="Giddings, Texas">Giddings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilmer,_Texas" title="Gilmer, Texas">Gilmer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Rose,_Texas" title="Glen Rose, Texas">Glen Rose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldthwaite,_Texas" title="Goldthwaite, Texas">Goldthwaite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goliad,_Texas" title="Goliad, Texas">Goliad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonzales,_Texas" title="Gonzales, Texas">Gonzales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graham,_Texas" title="Graham, Texas">Graham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Granbury,_Texas" title="Granbury, Texas">Granbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenville,_Texas" title="Greenville, Texas">Greenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groesbeck,_Texas" title="Groesbeck, Texas">Groesbeck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groveton,_Texas" title="Groveton, Texas">Groveton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guthrie,_Texas" title="Guthrie, Texas">Guthrie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">H</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hallettsville,_Texas" title="Hallettsville, Texas">Hallettsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton,_Texas" title="Hamilton, Texas">Hamilton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haskell,_Texas" title="Haskell, Texas">Haskell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hebbronville,_Texas" title="Hebbronville, Texas">Hebbronville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemphill,_Texas" title="Hemphill, Texas">Hemphill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hempstead,_Texas" title="Hempstead, Texas">Hempstead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henderson,_Texas" title="Henderson, Texas">Henderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrietta,_Texas" title="Henrietta, Texas">Henrietta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hereford,_Texas" title="Hereford, Texas">Hereford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hillsboro,_Texas" title="Hillsboro, Texas">Hillsboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hondo,_Texas" title="Hondo, Texas">Hondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Houston" title="Houston">Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntsville,_Texas" title="Huntsville, Texas">Huntsville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">J</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jacksboro,_Texas" title="Jacksboro, Texas">Jacksboro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasper,_Texas" title="Jasper, Texas">Jasper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayton,_Texas" title="Jayton, Texas">Jayton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson,_Texas" title="Jefferson, Texas">Jefferson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johnson_City,_Texas" title="Johnson City, Texas">Johnson City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jourdanton,_Texas" title="Jourdanton, Texas">Jourdanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junction,_Texas" title="Junction, Texas">Junction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">K</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karnes_City,_Texas" title="Karnes City, Texas">Karnes City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaufman,_Texas" title="Kaufman, Texas">Kaufman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kermit,_Texas" title="Kermit, Texas">Kermit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerrville,_Texas" title="Kerrville, Texas">Kerrville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingsville,_Texas" title="Kingsville, Texas">Kingsville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kountze,_Texas" title="Kountze, Texas">Kountze</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">L</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/La_Grange,_Texas" title="La Grange, Texas">La Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamesa,_Texas" title="Lamesa, Texas">Lamesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lampasas,_Texas" title="Lampasas, Texas">Lampasas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laredo,_Texas" title="Laredo, Texas">Laredo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leakey,_Texas" title="Leakey, Texas">Leakey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levelland,_Texas" title="Levelland, Texas">Levelland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty,_Texas" title="Liberty, Texas">Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linden,_Texas" title="Linden, Texas">Linden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipscomb,_Texas" title="Lipscomb, Texas">Lipscomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Littlefield,_Texas" title="Littlefield, Texas">Littlefield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livingston,_Texas" title="Livingston, Texas">Livingston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Llano,_Texas" title="Llano, Texas">Llano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockhart,_Texas" title="Lockhart, Texas">Lockhart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Longview,_Texas" title="Longview, Texas">Longview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubbock,_Texas" title="Lubbock, Texas">Lubbock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lufkin,_Texas" title="Lufkin, Texas">Lufkin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">M</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Madisonville,_Texas" title="Madisonville, Texas">Madisonville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marfa,_Texas" title="Marfa, Texas">Marfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marlin,_Texas" title="Marlin, Texas">Marlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marshall,_Texas" title="Marshall, Texas">Marshall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mason,_Texas" title="Mason, Texas">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matador,_Texas" title="Matador, Texas">Matador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McKinney,_Texas" title="McKinney, Texas">McKinney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis,_Texas" title="Memphis, Texas">Memphis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menard,_Texas" title="Menard, Texas">Menard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mentone,_Texas" title="Mentone, Texas">Mentone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meridian,_Texas" title="Meridian, Texas">Meridian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mertzon,_Texas" title="Mertzon, Texas">Mertzon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miami,_Texas" title="Miami, Texas">Miami</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midland,_Texas" title="Midland, Texas">Midland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monahans,_Texas" title="Monahans, Texas">Monahans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montague,_Texas" title="Montague, Texas">Montague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morton,_Texas" title="Morton, Texas">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Pleasant,_Texas" title="Mount Pleasant, Texas">Mount Pleasant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Vernon,_Texas" title="Mount Vernon, Texas">Mount Vernon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muleshoe,_Texas" title="Muleshoe, Texas">Muleshoe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">N</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nacogdoches,_Texas" title="Nacogdoches, Texas">Nacogdoches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Braunfels,_Texas" title="New Braunfels, Texas">New Braunfels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton,_Texas" title="Newton, Texas">Newton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">O</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Odessa,_Texas" title="Odessa, Texas">Odessa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange,_Texas" title="Orange, Texas">Orange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ozona,_Texas" title="Ozona, Texas">Ozona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">P</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paducah,_Texas" title="Paducah, Texas">Paducah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paint_Rock,_Texas" title="Paint Rock, Texas">Paint Rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine,_Texas" title="Palestine, Texas">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palo_Pinto,_Texas" title="Palo Pinto, Texas">Palo Pinto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampa,_Texas" title="Pampa, Texas">Pampa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhandle,_Texas" title="Panhandle, Texas">Panhandle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris,_Texas" title="Paris, Texas">Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearsall,_Texas" title="Pearsall, Texas">Pearsall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pecos,_Texas" title="Pecos, Texas">Pecos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perryton,_Texas" title="Perryton, Texas">Perryton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburg,_Texas" title="Pittsburg, Texas">Pittsburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plains,_Texas" title="Plains, Texas">Plains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plainview,_Texas" title="Plainview, Texas">Plainview</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Lavaca,_Texas" title="Port Lavaca, Texas">Port Lavaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post,_Texas" title="Post, Texas">Post</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Q</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quanah,_Texas" title="Quanah, Texas">Quanah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quitman,_Texas" title="Quitman, Texas">Quitman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">R</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rankin,_Texas" title="Rankin, Texas">Rankin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raymondville,_Texas" title="Raymondville, Texas">Raymondville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Refugio,_Texas" title="Refugio, Texas">Refugio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Texas" title="Richmond, Texas">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rio_Grande_City,_Texas" title="Rio Grande City, Texas">Rio Grande City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Lee,_Texas" title="Robert Lee, Texas">Robert Lee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roby,_Texas" title="Roby, Texas">Roby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockport,_Texas" title="Rockport, Texas">Rockport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocksprings,_Texas" title="Rocksprings, Texas">Rocksprings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockwall,_Texas" title="Rockwall, Texas">Rockwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusk,_Texas" title="Rusk, Texas">Rusk</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">S</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/San_Angelo,_Texas" title="San Angelo, Texas">San Angelo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Augustine,_Texas" title="San Augustine, Texas">San Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Diego,_Texas" title="San Diego, Texas">San Diego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Marcos,_Texas" title="San Marcos, Texas">San Marcos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/San_Saba,_Texas" title="San Saba, Texas">San Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanderson,_Texas" title="Sanderson, Texas">Sanderson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarita,_Texas" title="Sarita, Texas">Sarita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seguin,_Texas" title="Seguin, Texas">Seguin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seminole,_Texas" title="Seminole, Texas">Seminole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seymour,_Texas" title="Seymour, Texas">Seymour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sherman,_Texas" title="Sherman, Texas">Sherman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Blanca,_Texas" title="Sierra Blanca, Texas">Sierra Blanca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silverton,_Texas" title="Silverton, Texas">Silverton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinton,_Texas" title="Sinton, Texas">Sinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snyder,_Texas" title="Snyder, Texas">Snyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonora,_Texas" title="Sonora, Texas">Sonora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spearman,_Texas" title="Spearman, Texas">Spearman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanton,_Texas" title="Stanton, Texas">Stanton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephenville,_Texas" title="Stephenville, Texas">Stephenville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sterling_City,_Texas" title="Sterling City, Texas">Sterling City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stinnett,_Texas" title="Stinnett, Texas">Stinnett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stratford,_Texas" title="Stratford, Texas">Stratford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulphur_Springs,_Texas" title="Sulphur Springs, Texas">Sulphur Springs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweetwater,_Texas" title="Sweetwater, Texas">Sweetwater</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">T</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tahoka,_Texas" title="Tahoka, Texas">Tahoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Throckmorton,_Texas" title="Throckmorton, Texas">Throckmorton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilden,_Texas" title="Tilden, Texas">Tilden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulia,_Texas" title="Tulia, Texas">Tulia</a></li> 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navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Waco,_Texas" title="Waco, Texas">Waco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waxahachie,_Texas" title="Waxahachie, Texas">Waxahachie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weatherford,_Texas" title="Weatherford, Texas">Weatherford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wellington,_Texas" title="Wellington, Texas">Wellington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wharton,_Texas" title="Wharton, Texas">Wharton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wheeler,_Texas" title="Wheeler, Texas">Wheeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wichita_Falls,_Texas" title="Wichita Falls, Texas">Wichita Falls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodville,_Texas" title="Woodville, Texas">Woodville</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Z</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zapata,_Texas" title="Zapata, 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