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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Features" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Features"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Features</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Features-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-University_of_Washington" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#University_of_Washington"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>University of Washington</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University_of_Washington-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-re-alpine_fork" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#re-alpine_fork"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>re-alpine fork</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-re-alpine_fork-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Current</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Name" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Name"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Name</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Name-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-License" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#License"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>License</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-License-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Alpine (email client)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 10 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-10" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">10 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_(E-Mail-Programm)" title="Alpine (E-Mail-Programm) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Alpine (E-Mail-Programm)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_(logiciel)" title="Alpine (logiciel) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Alpine (logiciel)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%8C%ED%8C%8C%EC%9D%B8_(%EC%9D%B4%EB%A9%94%EC%9D%BC_%ED%81%B4%EB%9D%BC%EC%9D%B4%EC%96%B8%ED%8A%B8)" title="알파인 (이메일 클라이언트) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="알파인 (이메일 클라이언트)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_(informatica)" title="Alpine (informatica) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Alpine (informatica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine" title="Alpine – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Alpine" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_(e-postklient)" title="Alpine (e-postklient) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Alpine (e-postklient)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_(program)" title="Alpine (program) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Alpine (program)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_(cliente_de_email)" title="Alpine (cliente de email) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Alpine (cliente de email)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_(%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%87%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Alpine (почтовый клиент) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Alpine (почтовый клиент)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpine_(s%C3%A4hk%C3%B6postiohjelma)" title="Alpine (sähköpostiohjelma) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Alpine (sähköpostiohjelma)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1819542#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAlpine_%28email_client%29"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAlpine_%28email_client%29"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Alpine_%28email_client%29&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpine_(email_client)&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Alpine_(email_client)" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1819542" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Email client</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Alpine</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Alpine-2.00.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Alpine-2.00.png/220px-Alpine-2.00.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Alpine-2.00.png/330px-Alpine-2.00.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Alpine-2.00.png/440px-Alpine-2.00.png 2x" data-file-width="562" data-file-height="406" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Main menu of Alpine 2.24 in color</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Programmer" title="Programmer">Developer(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>University of Washington (2007–2009)</li><li>re-alpine group (2009–2012)</li><li>Eduardo Chappa (2013–present)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Initial release</th><td class="infobox-data">December 20, 2007<span class="noprint">; 16 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2007-12-20</span>)</span></td></tr><tr style="display: none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle" title="Software release life cycle">Stable release</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="margin:0px;">2.26<sup id="cite_ref-wikidata-9ee1744d9006f69749e8619eb5829dd9e67483b3-v18_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-wikidata-9ee1744d9006f69749e8619eb5829dd9e67483b3-v18-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1819542?uselang=en#P348" title="Edit this on Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this on Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span> / 2 June 2022</div></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Repository_(version_control)" title="Repository (version control)">Repository</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repo.or.cz/alpine.git">repo<wbr />.or<wbr />.cz<wbr />/alpine<wbr />.git</a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Written in</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pine_(email_client)" title="Pine (email client)">Pine</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_categories#Categorization_approaches" title="Software categories">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Email_client" title="Email client">Email client</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Software_license" title="Software license">License</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Apache_License" title="Apache License">Apache-2.0</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="white-space: nowrap;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alpineapp.email/">alpineapp<wbr />.email</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Alpine_email_client.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Alpine_email_client.png/220px-Alpine_email_client.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Alpine_email_client.png/330px-Alpine_email_client.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Alpine_email_client.png/440px-Alpine_email_client.png 2x" data-file-width="684" data-file-height="375" /></a><figcaption>Alpine's message index screen, showing its support for <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> characters, in this case <a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese characters</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Alpine</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Free_software" title="Free software">free software</a> <a href="/wiki/Email_client" title="Email client">email client</a> developed at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington" title="University of Washington">University of Washington</a>. </p><p>Alpine is a rewrite of the <a href="/wiki/Pine_(email_client)" title="Pine (email client)">Pine</a> Message System that adds support for <a href="/wiki/Unicode" title="Unicode">Unicode</a> and other features. Alpine is meant to be suitable for both inexperienced email users and the most demanding of <a href="/wiki/Power_user" title="Power user">power users</a>. Alpine can be learned by exploration and the use of <a href="/wiki/Context-sensitive_help" title="Context-sensitive help">context-sensitive help</a>. The <a href="/wiki/User_interface" title="User interface">user interface</a> can be customized. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpine_(email_client)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alpine shares many common features of <a href="/wiki/Console_application" title="Console application">console applications</a>, like a rich set of shortcut keys, using a keyboard instead of a mouse for all navigation and operations. In fact, all operations in Alpine have corresponding shortcut keys. </p><p>Unlike other console applications targeting developers and experienced users, which often require users to edit a configuration file, Alpine lets users change most configuration options within the software. This makes alpine one of the most easy to learn console-based email clients. </p><p>Alpine supports <a href="/wiki/IMAP" class="mw-redirect" title="IMAP">IMAP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Post_Office_Protocol" title="Post Office Protocol">POP</a>, <a href="/wiki/SMTP" class="mw-redirect" title="SMTP">SMTP</a>, <a href="/wiki/NNTP" class="mw-redirect" title="NNTP">NNTP</a> and <a href="/wiki/LDAP" class="mw-redirect" title="LDAP">LDAP</a> protocols natively. Although it does not support composing HTML email, it can display emails that only have HTML content as text. Alpine can read and write to folders in several formats, including <a href="/wiki/Maildir" title="Maildir">Maildir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mbox" title="Mbox">mbox</a>, the mh format used by the <a href="/wiki/MH_Message_Handling_System" title="MH Message Handling System">mh</a> message handling system, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mbx&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mbx (page does not exist)">mbx</a>, and <a href="/wiki/MIX_(email)" title="MIX (email)">MIX</a>. </p><p>Alpine includes its own editor <a href="/wiki/Pico_(text_editor)" title="Pico (text editor)">Pico</a> (Pico stands for PIne COmposer), which includes commands for basic editing of files, such as, search and replace, spelling, and justifying of text, besides cut and paste, and intuitive navigation commands. However, any editor can be used to compose messages in Alpine, using the Editor configuration variable. </p><p>Besides being able to set up an alternative editor, users can configure more than a hundred variables and options to their liking, including setting up configuration for sending and receiving e-mail from different services, through an Incoming Folders collection and the use of personalities (called roles in Alpine), and therefore a user can share the same address book between different accounts. Alpine can also sort individual folders by several criteria, including threading, original sender, recipient, and size. Alpine also allows users to configure colors, filters, scores, and character set of the display among others. The configuration and address books can be saved locally or on a remote IMAP server where they are accessible from different computers. Alpine also handles encrypted and signed messages using the <a href="/wiki/S/MIME" title="S/MIME">S/MIME</a> standard. </p><p>Although Alpine was designed to be accessible to beginners, it can easily be set up for more advanced users. All screens in Alpine include built-in help, which can quickly be accessed with the <a href="/wiki/Control_key" title="Control key">CTRL</a>-G command. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpine_(email_client)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="University_of_Washington">University of Washington</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpine_(email_client)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: University of Washington"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alpine 1.0 was publicly released on December 20, 2007. </p><p>On 4 August 2008, the UW Alpine team announced<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that after one more release, incorporating Web Alpine 2.0, they would "shift [their] effort from direct development into more of a consultation and coordination role to help integrate contributions from the community." This was taken to mean that UW no longer maintains Alpine,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and left development to others. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="re-alpine_fork">re-alpine fork</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpine_(email_client)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: re-alpine fork"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In June 2009, a project named re-alpine was created on <a href="/wiki/SourceForge" title="SourceForge">SourceForge</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was used as an upstream for patches from maintainers.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2013, the re-alpine project official announced the December 21, 2012, release of Re-alpine 2.03, their last official release.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current">Current</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpine_(email_client)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Current"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since January 2013, Eduardo Chappa, an active software developer formerly from the University of Washington, has released newer versions of Alpine from his site. His announcement was made public on the <a href="/wiki/Usenet_newsgroup" title="Usenet newsgroup">Usenet newsgroup</a> comp.mail.pine.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most major <a href="/wiki/Unix-like" title="Unix-like">Unix-like</a> systems currently use this as the primary <a href="/wiki/Upstream_(software_development)" title="Upstream (software development)">upstream</a> site.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On March 17, 2017, Chappa announced the release of version 2.21.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Version 2.22 was released on January 19, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Version 2.23 was released on June 19, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Version 2.24 was released on October 10, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Version 2.25 was released on September 18, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The latest stable released version, 2.26, was released on June 2, 2022<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the most recent developmental version, 2.25.1, was released on December 3, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpine_(email_client)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>"Alpine" officially stands for <b>A</b>lternatively <b>L</b>icensed <b>P</b>rogram for <b>I</b>nternet <b>N</b>ews and <b>E</b>mail.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> UW has also referred to it as "<b>A</b>pache <b>L</b>icensed <b>Pine</b>".<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="License">License</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpine_(email_client)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: License"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alpine is licensed under the <a href="/wiki/Apache_License" title="Apache License">Apache License</a> (version 2 – November 29, 2006), and saw its first public <a href="/wiki/Software_release_life_cycle#Alpha" title="Software release life cycle">alpha release</a> December 20, 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This milestone was a new approach, since the alpha test of Pine was always non-public. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpine_(email_client)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg/28px-Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg/42px-Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg/56px-Free_and_open-source_software_logo_%282009%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Free_and_open-source_software" title="Portal:Free and open-source software">Free and open-source software portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_email_clients" title="Comparison of email clients">Comparison of email clients</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text-based_email_client" title="Text-based email client">Text-based email client</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UW_IMAP" title="UW IMAP">UW IMAP</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpine_(email_client)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-wikidata-9ee1744d9006f69749e8619eb5829dd9e67483b3-v18-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-wikidata-9ee1744d9006f69749e8619eb5829dd9e67483b3-v18_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFEduardo_Chappa2022" class="citation web cs1">Eduardo Chappa (2 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repo.or.cz/alpine.git/commit/9726c098a739edfdca6218bc5dee104c310957e9">"New version 2.26"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+version+2.26&rft.date=2022-06-02&rft.au=Eduardo+Chappa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepo.or.cz%2Falpine.git%2Fcommit%2F9726c098a739edfdca6218bc5dee104c310957e9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteve_Hubert2011" class="citation web cs1">Steve Hubert (2011-08-04). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140728213826/http://mailman13.u.washington.edu/pipermail/alpine-info/2008-August/001071.html">"alpine status"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mailman13.u.washington.edu/pipermail/alpine-info/2008-August/001071.html">the original</a> on 2014-07-28<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=alpine+status&rft.date=2011-08-04&rft.au=Steve+Hubert&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmailman13.u.washington.edu%2Fpipermail%2Falpine-info%2F2008-August%2F001071.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMark_Crispin2009" class="citation web cs1">Mark Crispin (2009-08-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mailman13.u.washington.edu/pipermail/alpine-info/2009-August/002439.html">"Re-Alpine 2.01 released"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Re-Alpine+2.01+released&rft.date=2009-08-03&rft.au=Mark+Crispin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmailman13.u.washington.edu%2Fpipermail%2Falpine-info%2F2009-August%2F002439.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://re-alpine.sourceforge.net/">"re-alpine: The continuation of the Alpine email client from University of Washington"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=re-alpine%3A+The+continuation+of+the+Alpine+email+client+from+University+of+Washington&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fre-alpine.sourceforge.net%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://launchpad.net/debian/+source/alpine/+changelog#detail_alpine_2.02-1">"Change log for "alpine" package in Debian - 2.02-1"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Change+log+for+%22alpine%22+package+in+Debian+-+2.02-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flaunchpad.net%2Fdebian%2F%2Bsource%2Falpine%2F%2Bchangelog%23detail_alpine_2.02-1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLevstik2013" class="citation web cs1">Levstik, Andraž (2013-08-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mailman13.u.washington.edu/pipermail/alpine-info/2013-August/005135.html">"Re-alpine 2.03 release (late but still)"</a>. <i>Alpine-info mailing list</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alpine-info+mailing+list&rft.atitle=Re-alpine+2.03+release+%28late+but+still%29&rft.date=2013-08-14&rft.aulast=Levstik&rft.aufirst=Andra%C5%BE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmailman13.u.washington.edu%2Fpipermail%2Falpine-info%2F2013-August%2F005135.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChappa2015" class="citation web cs1">Chappa, Eduardo (2015-01-15). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/d/msg/comp.mail.pine/pbTZChiPpnI/uc_djN4bV4AJ">"Alpine 2.20 released!"</a>. <i>USENET: comp.mail.pine</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2015-02-10</span></span> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Groups" title="Google Groups">Google Groups</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USENET%3A+comp.mail.pine&rft.atitle=Alpine+2.20+released%21&rft.date=2015-01-15&rft.aulast=Chappa&rft.aufirst=Eduardo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgroups.google.com%2Fd%2Fmsg%2Fcomp.mail.pine%2FpbTZChiPpnI%2Fuc_djN4bV4AJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://repo.or.cz/alpine.git">"Patches for Alpine"</a>. Eduardo Chappa<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Patches+for+Alpine&rft.pub=Eduardo+Chappa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Frepo.or.cz%2Falpine.git&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20141126010103/https://admin.fedoraproject.org/pkgdb/package/alpine/">"alpine - Text-based email client, friendly for novices but powerful"</a>. <i>Fedora package db</i>. <a href="/wiki/Fedora_Project" title="Fedora Project">Fedora Project</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://admin.fedoraproject.org/pkgdb/package/alpine/">the original</a> on 26 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fedora+package+db&rft.atitle=alpine+-+Text-based+email+client%2C+friendly+for+novices+but+powerful&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fadmin.fedoraproject.org%2Fpkgdb%2Fpackage%2Falpine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/alpine">"alpine - Text-based email client, friendly for novices but powerful"</a>. <i>Debian Package Tracking System</i>. <a href="/wiki/Debian" title="Debian">Debian</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Debian+Package+Tracking+System&rft.atitle=alpine+-+Text-based+email+client%2C+friendly+for+novices+but+powerful&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftracker.debian.org%2Fpkg%2Falpine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://svnweb.freebsd.org/ports/head/mail/alpine/Makefile?revision=HEAD&view=markup">"alpine Makefile"</a>. <i>FreeBSD ports tree</i>. <a href="/wiki/FreeBSD" title="FreeBSD">FreeBSD</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FreeBSD+ports+tree&rft.atitle=alpine+Makefile&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsvnweb.freebsd.org%2Fports%2Fhead%2Fmail%2Falpine%2FMakefile%3Frevision%3DHEAD%26view%3Dmarkup&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cvsweb.openbsd.org/cgi-bin/cvsweb/ports/mail/alpine/Makefile?rev=HEAD&content-type=text/x-cvsweb-markup">"alpine Makefile"</a>. <i>OpenBSD ports tree</i>. <a href="/wiki/OpenBSD" title="OpenBSD">OpenBSD</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=OpenBSD+ports+tree&rft.atitle=alpine+Makefile&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcvsweb.openbsd.org%2Fcgi-bin%2Fcvsweb%2Fports%2Fmail%2Falpine%2FMakefile%3Frev%3DHEAD%26content-type%3Dtext%2Fx-cvsweb-markup&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChappa2017" class="citation web cs1">Chappa, Eduardo (2017-03-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/comp.mail.pine/FxWD5iqciB8">"Alpine 2.21 Released"</a>. <i>USENET: comp.mail.pine</i> – via <a href="/wiki/Google_Groups" title="Google Groups">Google Groups</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=USENET%3A+comp.mail.pine&rft.atitle=Alpine+2.21+Released&rft.date=2017-03-17&rft.aulast=Chappa&rft.aufirst=Eduardo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgroups.google.com%2Fforum%2F%23%21topic%2Fcomp.mail.pine%2FFxWD5iqciB8&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChappa2020" class="citation web cs1">Chappa, Eduardo (2020-01-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repo.or.cz/alpine.git/commit/99948a254e2c2352547b962cbd1c23738e7af6b3">"Initial release of Alpine version 2.22"</a>. <i>Alpine/Pico/Pilot/Web Alpine/Imapd Distribution</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alpine%2FPico%2FPilot%2FWeb+Alpine%2FImapd+Distribution&rft.atitle=Initial+release+of+Alpine+version+2.22&rft.date=2020-01-19&rft.aulast=Chappa&rft.aufirst=Eduardo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepo.or.cz%2Falpine.git%2Fcommit%2F99948a254e2c2352547b962cbd1c23738e7af6b3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChappa2020" class="citation web cs1">Chappa, Eduardo (2020-06-19). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repo.or.cz/alpine.git/commit/729b8c0f554d95388e228d9b07d628530f8fa736">"Release of version 2.23"</a>. <i>Alpine/Pico/Pilot/Web Alpine/Imapd Distribution</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alpine%2FPico%2FPilot%2FWeb+Alpine%2FImapd+Distribution&rft.atitle=Release+of+version+2.23&rft.date=2020-06-19&rft.aulast=Chappa&rft.aufirst=Eduardo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepo.or.cz%2Falpine.git%2Fcommit%2F729b8c0f554d95388e228d9b07d628530f8fa736&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChappa2020" class="citation web cs1">Chappa, Eduardo (2020-10-10). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repo.or.cz/alpine.git/commit/3165f59b344fb4d56d161541f294754d56bcb372">"New version 2.24"</a>. <i>Alpine/Pico/Pilot/Web Alpine/Imapd Distribution</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alpine%2FPico%2FPilot%2FWeb+Alpine%2FImapd+Distribution&rft.atitle=New+version+2.24&rft.date=2020-10-10&rft.aulast=Chappa&rft.aufirst=Eduardo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepo.or.cz%2Falpine.git%2Fcommit%2F3165f59b344fb4d56d161541f294754d56bcb372&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChappa2021" class="citation web cs1">Chappa, Eduardo (2021-09-18). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repo.or.cz/alpine.git/commit/465e23b898e5a3393b9ae52fc7620002541b2e75">"New version 2.25"</a>. <i>Alpine/Pico/Pilot/Web Alpine/Imapd Distribution</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alpine%2FPico%2FPilot%2FWeb+Alpine%2FImapd+Distribution&rft.atitle=New+version+2.25&rft.date=2021-09-18&rft.aulast=Chappa&rft.aufirst=Eduardo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepo.or.cz%2Falpine.git%2Fcommit%2F465e23b898e5a3393b9ae52fc7620002541b2e75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChappa2022" class="citation web cs1">Chappa, Eduardo (2022-06-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repo.or.cz/alpine.git/commit/9726c098a739edfdca6218bc5dee104c310957e9">"New version 2.26"</a>. <i>Alpine/Pico/Pilot/Web Alpine/Imapd Distribution</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alpine%2FPico%2FPilot%2FWeb+Alpine%2FImapd+Distribution&rft.atitle=New+version+2.26&rft.date=2022-06-02&rft.aulast=Chappa&rft.aufirst=Eduardo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepo.or.cz%2Falpine.git%2Fcommit%2F9726c098a739edfdca6218bc5dee104c310957e9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChappa2021" class="citation web cs1">Chappa, Eduardo (2021-12-03). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://repo.or.cz/alpine.git/commit/a4717516707498544201c2e03286142c9abb2539">"New version 2.25.1"</a>. <i>Alpine/Pico/Pilot/Web Alpine/Imapd Distribution</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alpine%2FPico%2FPilot%2FWeb+Alpine%2FImapd+Distribution&rft.atitle=New+version+2.25.1&rft.date=2021-12-03&rft.aulast=Chappa&rft.aufirst=Eduardo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frepo.or.cz%2Falpine.git%2Fcommit%2Fa4717516707498544201c2e03286142c9abb2539&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150929064728/http://www.washington.edu/alpine/faq/whatis.html#2.1">"Alpine Messaging System--What is...?"</a>. 2009-03-06. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.washington.edu/alpine/faq/whatis.html#2.1">the original</a> on 2015-09-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-07-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Alpine+Messaging+System--What+is...%3F&rft.date=2009-03-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.washington.edu%2Falpine%2Ffaq%2Fwhatis.html%232.1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.cac.washington.edu/README.FIRST">"README.FIRST"</a>. <i>UW Technology Anonymous FTP Server</i>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Washington" title="University of Washington">University of Washington</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=UW+Technology+Anonymous+FTP+Server&rft.atitle=README.FIRST&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.cac.washington.edu%2FREADME.FIRST&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRyan_Barrett2006" class="citation web cs1">Ryan Barrett (2006-11-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120122062941/http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.mail.pine.general/3602">"Announcing Alpine 0.8"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://permalink.gmane.org/gmane.mail.pine.general/3602">the original</a> on 2012-01-22<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Announcing+Alpine+0.8&rft.date=2006-11-30&rft.au=Ryan+Barrett&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpermalink.gmane.org%2Fgmane.mail.pine.general%2F3602&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.cac.washington.edu/alpine/">"UW Alpine download directory"</a>. University of Washington<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-01-04</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UW+Alpine+download+directory&rft.pub=University+of+Washington&rft_id=ftp%3A%2F%2Fftp.cac.washington.edu%2Falpine%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlpine+%28email+client%29" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged October 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alpine_(email_client)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alpineapp.email/">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Email_clients" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Email_clients" title="Template:Email clients"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Email_clients" title="Template talk:Email clients"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Email_clients" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Email clients"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Email_clients" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Email_client" title="Email client">Email clients</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Free software</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Alpine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balsa_(email_client)" title="Balsa (email client)">Balsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citadel/UX" title="Citadel/UX">Citadel/UX</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claws_Mail" title="Claws Mail">Claws Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cleancode_eMail" title="Cleancode eMail">Cleancode eMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNOME_Evolution" title="GNOME Evolution">Evolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fetchmail" title="Fetchmail">fetchmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fdm_(software)" title="Fdm (software)">fdm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geary_(e-mail_client)" title="Geary (e-mail client)">Geary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Getmail" title="Getmail">getmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GNUMail" title="GNUMail">GNUMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnus" title="Gnus">Gnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnuzilla" class="mw-redirect" title="Gnuzilla">Gnuzilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Messaging_Program" title="Internet Messaging Program">IMP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-9_Mail" title="K-9 Mail">K-9 Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kontact" title="Kontact">KMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahogany_(email_client)" title="Mahogany (email client)">Mahogany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mailpile" title="Mailpile">Mailpile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mailx" title="Mailx">Mailx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heirloom_Project" title="Heirloom Project">Mailx (Heirloom Project)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modest_(email_client)" title="Modest (email client)">Modest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Thunderbird" title="Mozilla Thunderbird">Mozilla Thunderbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulberry_(email_client)" title="Mulberry (email client)">Mulberry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutt_(email_client)" title="Mutt (email client)">Mutt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MH_Message_Handling_System" title="MH Message Handling System">nmh / MH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OfflineIMAP" title="OfflineIMAP">OfflineIMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roundcube" title="Roundcube">Roundcube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SeaMonkey" title="SeaMonkey">SeaMonkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SquirrelMail" title="SquirrelMail">SquirrelMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sylpheed" title="Sylpheed">Sylpheed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojit%C3%A1" title="Trojitá">Trojitá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YAM_(Yet_Another_Mailer)" class="mw-redirect" title="YAM (Yet Another Mailer)">YAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbra" title="Zimbra">Zimbra</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arachne_(web_browser)" title="Arachne (web browser)">Arachne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beonex_Communicator" title="Beonex Communicator">Beonex Communicator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BlitzMail" title="BlitzMail">BlitzMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classilla" title="Classilla">Classilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_MM" title="Columbia MM">Columbia MM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elm_(email_client)" title="Elm (email client)">Elm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pale_Moon_(web_browser)#FossaMail" class="mw-redirect" title="Pale Moon (web browser)">FossaMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hula_(software)" title="Hula (software)">Hula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mailody" title="Mailody">Mailody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozilla_Mail_%26_Newsgroups" title="Mozilla Mail & Newsgroups">Mozilla Mail & Newsgroups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nylas_N1" class="mw-redirect" title="Nylas N1">Nylas N1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proprietary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Freeware/Freemium</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EM_Client" title="EM Client">eM Client</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EmailTray" title="EmailTray">EmailTray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxmail" title="Foxmail">Foxmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scribe_Mail" title="Scribe Mail">i.Scribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mailbird" title="Mailbird">Mailbird</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spark_(application)" class="mw-redirect" title="Spark (application)">Spark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spike_(application)" title="Spike (application)">Spike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TouchMail" title="TouchMail">TouchMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivaldi_(web_browser)" title="Vivaldi (web browser)">Vivaldi Mail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hiri_(email_client)" title="Hiri (email client)">Hiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bloomba" title="Bloomba">Bloomba/WordPerfect Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_(app)" class="mw-redirect" title="Newton (app)">Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HCL_Domino" class="mw-redirect" title="HCL Domino">HCL Domino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scribe_Mail" title="Scribe Mail">InScribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Mail" title="Apple Mail">Apple Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mail_(Windows)" title="Mail (Windows)">Mail (Windows)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Outlook" title="Microsoft Outlook">Microsoft Outlook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlook_for_Windows" title="Outlook for Windows">Outlook for Windows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GroupWise" title="GroupWise">Novell GroupWise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Airmail_(email_client)" title="Airmail (email client)">Airmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postbox_(email_client)" title="Postbox (email client)">Postbox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shareware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Becky!" title="Becky!">Becky!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort%C3%A9_Agent" title="Forté Agent">Forté Agent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GyazMail" title="GyazMail">GyazMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bat!" title="The Bat!">The Bat!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samsung_Email" class="mw-redirect" title="Samsung Email">Samsung Email</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Donationware</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pegasus_Mail" title="Pegasus Mail">Pegasus Mail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cc:Mail" title="Cc:Mail">cc:Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claris_Emailer" title="Claris Emailer">Claris Emailer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courier_(email_client)" title="Courier (email client)">Courier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberdog" title="Cyberdog">Cyberdog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyberjack" title="Cyberjack">Cyberjack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embrowser" class="mw-redirect" title="Embrowser">Embrowser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudora_(email_client)" title="Eudora (email client)">Eudora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mailbox_(application)" title="Mailbox (application)">Mailbox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Entourage" title="Microsoft Entourage">Microsoft Entourage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Internet_Mail_and_News" class="mw-redirect" title="Microsoft Internet Mail and News">Microsoft Internet Mail and News</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Mail" title="Microsoft Mail">Microsoft Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Internet_Users_Essential_Tool" title="Minnesota Internet Users Essential Tool">MINUET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netscape_Mail_%26_Newsgroups" title="Netscape Mail & Newsgroups">Netscape Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netscape_Messenger_9" class="mw-redirect" title="Netscape Messenger 9">Netscape Messenger 9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NeXTMail" class="mw-redirect" title="NeXTMail">NeXTMail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_Mail" title="Opera Mail">Opera Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outlook_Express" title="Outlook Express">Outlook Express</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine_(email_client)" title="Pine (email client)">Pine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocomail" title="Pocomail">Pocomail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/POPmail" class="mw-redirect" title="POPmail">POPmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sparrow_(email_client)" title="Sparrow (email client)">Sparrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnpike_(software)" title="Turnpike (software)">Turnpike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WebSpyder" class="mw-redirect" title="WebSpyder">WebSpyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Live_Mail" title="Windows Live Mail">Windows Live Mail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Windows_Messaging" title="Windows Messaging">Windows Messaging</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related technologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Simple Mail Transfer Protocol">SMTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_Message_Access_Protocol" title="Internet Message Access Protocol">IMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JSON_Meta_Application_Protocol" title="JSON Meta Application Protocol">JMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Mail_Transfer_Protocol" title="Local Mail Transfer Protocol">LMTP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post_Office_Protocol" title="Post Office Protocol">POP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Push-IMAP" title="Push-IMAP">Push-IMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simple_Mail_Access_Protocol" title="Simple Mail Access Protocol">SMAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UUCP" 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