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Society </h1></div></div><div data-component-id="saho:block" class="block block-system block-system-main-block block--saho-content block--system-main"><div class="block__content"><div class="views-element-container"><div data-component-id="radix:views-view" class="view view-politics-society view-id-politics_society view-display-id-page_1 js-view-dom-id-148515e7aea61af8429c9be5b8b6db32b6aa9a5faf8d9f84cc7af04066b31a50"><div class="view-filters"><form class="views-exposed-form needs-validation form form--views-exposed-form-politics-society-page-1" data-drupal-selector="views-exposed-form-politics-society-page-1" action="/politics-society" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-politics-society-page-1" accept-charset="UTF-8" data-component-id="radix:form"><div data-component-id="radix:form-element" class="js-form-item form-item form-type-select js-form-type-select form-item-tid js-form-item-tid form-group"><label class="form-label" for="edit-tid" data-component-id="radix:form-element--label">Politics &amp; Society</label><select data-drupal-selector="edit-tid" multiple="multiple" name="tid[]" id="edit-tid" size="9" class="form-select form-control" data-component-id="radix:select"><option value="29931" >Africa</option><option value="19442" >Early History</option><option value="49" >People of South Africa</option><option value="44" >South Africa 1400 - 1652</option><option value="45" >South Africa 1652 - 1806</option><option value="19443" >South Africa 1806 -1899</option><option value="46" >20th Century South Africa</option><option value="48" >Contemporary South Africa</option><option value="50" >Social histories</option><option value="51" >Organisations</option></select></div><div data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" class="form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" id="edit-actions"><input class="btn js-form-submit form-submit btn-primary" data-drupal-selector="edit-submit-politics-society" type="submit" id="edit-submit-politics-society" value="Apply" data-component-id="radix:input"></div></form></div><div class="view-content"><div data-component-id="radix:views-view--grid" class="views-view--grid horizontal cols-5 clearfix"><div class="views-row clearfix"><div class="views-col" style="width: 20%;"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/article/national-and-provincial-elections-2024-south-africa" hreflang="en">National and Provincial Elections - 2024 - South Africa </a></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-article-image"><div class="field-content"><a href="/article/national-and-provincial-elections-2024-south-africa" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/lp_new/public/National%20Elections%20-%202024%20-%20South%20Africa.png?itok=kFHfJfTt" width="230" height="120" alt="National Elections - 2024 - South Africa - Research ICT Africa " title="National Elections - 2024 - South Africa - Research ICT Africa" data-component-id="radix:image" class="img-fluid"></a></div></div></div><div class="views-col" style="width: 20%;"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/article/south-africa-needs-national-holiday-16-november-acknowledge-its-indentured" hreflang="en">South Africa needs a national holiday on 16 November to acknowledge its indentured </a></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-article-image"><div class="field-content"><a href="/article/south-africa-needs-national-holiday-16-november-acknowledge-its-indentured" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/lp_new/public/Screenshot%202023-12-14%20151602-Indentured%20Indian%20workers%20cutting%20sugar%20cane%20.png?itok=dHRFbBe_" width="230" height="120" alt="Indentured labourers working on a sugar cane field" title="Indentured Indian sugar cane cutters" data-component-id="radix:image" class="img-fluid"></a></div></div></div><div class="views-col" style="width: 20%;"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/article/indentured-indian-labourers-and-their-struggle-citizenship-south-africa-dr-brij-maharaj" hreflang="en"> Indentured Indian labourers and their struggle for citizenship in South Africa by Dr Brij Maharaj</a></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-article-image"><div class="field-content"><a href="/article/indentured-indian-labourers-and-their-struggle-citizenship-south-africa-dr-brij-maharaj" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/lp_new/public/Indentured%20labourers%20aboard%20the%20SS%20Umzinto%20during%20the%20early%201900s%20-%20PIC%20-%20Stewart%20and%20Sar%20Fairbairn%20of%20Australia.jpg?itok=NMLSz3LG" width="230" height="120" alt="Indentured labourers aboard the SS Umzinto during the early 1900s. PIC Stewart and Sar Fairbairn of Australia- IOL" title="Indentured Indians aboard the SS Umzinto" data-component-id="radix:image" class="img-fluid"></a></div></div></div><div class="views-col" style="width: 20%;"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/article/aziz-pahad-rest-peace-david-kenvyn" hreflang="en">Aziz Pahad: Rest in peace by David Kenvyn</a></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-article-image"><div class="field-content"><a href="/article/aziz-pahad-rest-peace-david-kenvyn" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/lp_new/public/Aziz%20Pahad%20-%20Screenshot%202023-09-28%20185913.jpg?itok=mSNzusdo" width="230" height="120" alt="Aziz Pahad" title="Deputy Minister of International Relations" data-component-id="radix:image" class="img-fluid"></a></div></div></div><div class="views-col" style="width: 20%;"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/article/mangosuthu-buthelezi-was-man-immense-political-talent-and-contradictions" hreflang="en">Mangosuthu Buthelezi was a man of immense political talent and contradictions </a></span></div><div class="views-field views-field-field-article-image"><div class="field-content"><a href="/article/mangosuthu-buthelezi-was-man-immense-political-talent-and-contradictions" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/sites/default/files/styles/lp_new/public/2023-09-11%20.jpg?itok=zYUn2143" width="230" height="120" alt="Chief Mangosuthu Buthelezi " title="Chief Mangosuthu Gatsha Buthelezi " data-component-id="radix:image" class="img-fluid"></a></div></div></div></div><div class="views-row clearfix"><div class="views-col" style="width: 20%;"><div class="views-field views-field-title"><span class="field-content"><a href="/article/mangosuthu-buthelezi-zulu-nationalist-who-left-his-mark-south-africas-history" hreflang="en">Mangosuthu Buthelezi: the Zulu nationalist who left his mark on South 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