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Available in 64 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B1" title="سيدني برينر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيدني برينر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidney_Brenner" title="Sidney Brenner – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sidney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B1" title="سیدنی برنر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سیدنی برنر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A1%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="সিডনি ব্রেনার – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিডনি ব্রেনার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%91%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Сідней Брэнер – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сідней Брэнер" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8A%D1%80" title="Сидни Бренър – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сидни Бренър" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B1" title="سیدنی برنر – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیدنی برنر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%93%9C%EB%8B%88_%EB%B8%8C%EB%A0%88%EB%84%88" title="시드니 브레너 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시드니 브레너" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%B5_%D4%B2%D6%80%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Սիդնեյ Բրեններ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սիդնեյ Բրեններ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%B0" title="सिडनी ब्रेनर – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सिडनी ब्रेनर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A0%D7%99_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%A8" title="סידני ברנר – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סידני ברנר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Сидней Бреннер – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сидней Бреннер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidnijs_Breners" title="Sidnijs Breners – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sidnijs Breners" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%BC" title="സിഡ്നി ബ്രെന്നർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സിഡ്നി ബ്രെന്നർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="სიდნი ბრენერი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სიდნი ბრენერი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%89_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%B1" title="سيدنى برينر – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سيدنى برينر" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B1" title="سیدنی برنر – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سیدنی برنر" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%89%E3%83%8B%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%96%E3%83%AC%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC" title="シドニー・ブレナー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シドニー・ブレナー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B1" title="سڈنی برینر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سڈنی برینر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80,_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%B9" title="Бреннер, Сидней – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Бреннер, Сидней" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sidni_Brener" title="Sidni Brener – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Sidni Brener" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Сидни Бреннер – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Сидни Бреннер" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D1%96_%D0%91%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Сідні Бреннер – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сідні Бреннер" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DA%88%D9%86%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B1" title="سڈنی برینر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سڈنی برینر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%B7%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E5%B8%83%E4%BC%A6%E7%BA%B3" title="西德尼·布伦纳 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="西德尼·布伦纳" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sydney_Brenner" title="Sydney Brenner – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Sydney Brenner" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%AA%E6%A2%A8%E5%B8%83%E5%80%AB%E7%B4%8D" title="雪梨布倫納 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="雪梨布倫納" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" 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class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/30px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Nobel_prize_medal.svg/40px-Nobel_prize_medal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="150" data-file-height="150" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Simple English Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r10098372">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Sydney Brenner</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Sydney_Brenner_OIST_2008_(33208371153)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Sydney_Brenner_OIST_2008_%2833208371153%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Sydney_Brenner_OIST_2008_%2833208371153%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Sydney_Brenner_OIST_2008_%2833208371153%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Sydney_Brenner_OIST_2008_%2833208371153%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Sydney_Brenner_OIST_2008_%2833208371153%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Sydney_Brenner_OIST_2008_%2833208371153%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1387" data-file-height="1783" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Brenner in 2008</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1927-01-13</span>)</span>13 January 1927<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">Germiston, <a href="/wiki/Gauteng" title="Gauteng">Gauteng</a>, <a href="/wiki/Union_of_South_Africa" title="Union of South Africa">Union of South Africa</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">5 April 2019<span style="display:none">(2019-04-05)</span> (aged 92)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South African</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> Postdoctoral fellow <sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Genetic_code" title="Genetic code">Genetic code</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Caenorhabditis_elegans" title="Caenorhabditis elegans">Caenorhabditis elegans</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Apoptosis" title="Apoptosis">Apoptosis</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</a> 2002</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r10098372"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Biology" title="Biology">Biology</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Molecular_Sciences_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molecular Sciences Institute (not yet started)">Molecular Sciences Institute</a><br /><a href="/wiki/King%27s_College,_Cambridge" title="King's College, Cambridge">King's College, Cambridge</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Sydney Brenner</b> <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Companions_of_Honour" title="Order of the Companions of Honour">CH</a> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Society">FRS</a> (13 January 1927 – 5 April 2019) was a <a href="/wiki/South_African" class="mw-redirect" title="South African">South African</a> <a href="/wiki/Biologist" title="Biologist">biologist</a> and a 2002 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine</a> laureate, shared with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Horvitz&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Horvitz (not yet started)">Robert Horvitz</a> and <a href="/wiki/John_Sulston" title="John Sulston">John Sulston</a>. He was of <a href="/wiki/Jew" title="Jew">Jewish</a> descent.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Brenner made significant contributions to work on the <a href="/wiki/Genetic_code" title="Genetic code">genetic code</a>, and other areas of <a href="/wiki/Molecular_biology" title="Molecular biology">molecular biology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He established the <a href="/wiki/Roundworm" class="mw-redirect" title="Roundworm">roundworm</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Caenorhabditis_elegans" title="Caenorhabditis elegans">Caenorhabditis elegans</a></i> as a <a href="/wiki/Model_organism" title="Model organism">model organism</a> for the investigation of <a href="/wiki/Developmental_biology" title="Developmental biology">developmental biology</a>. He founded the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Molecular_Sciences_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Molecular Sciences Institute (not yet started)">Molecular Sciences Institute</a> in <a href="/wiki/Berkeley,_California" title="Berkeley, California">Berkeley, California</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Work">Work</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Brenner&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Work" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Brenner&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Work"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Brenner made several important contributions to molecular biology in the 1960s. With <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick">Francis Crick</a> and others, he worked out the genetic code, where triplets of <a href="/wiki/Nucleic_acid" title="Nucleic acid">nucleic acid</a> bases are translated into <a href="/wiki/Amino_acid" title="Amino acid">amino acids</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:EMLederberg_GStent_SBrenner_JLederberg_1965_wiki.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/EMLederberg_GStent_SBrenner_JLederberg_1965_wiki.jpg/220px-EMLederberg_GStent_SBrenner_JLederberg_1965_wiki.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/EMLederberg_GStent_SBrenner_JLederberg_1965_wiki.jpg/330px-EMLederberg_GStent_SBrenner_JLederberg_1965_wiki.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fd/EMLederberg_GStent_SBrenner_JLederberg_1965_wiki.jpg 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="355" /></a><figcaption>Esther Lederberg, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gunther_Stent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gunther Stent (not yet started)">Gunther Stent</a>, Sydney Brenner, <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Joshua Lederberg</a>, 1965</figcaption></figure> <p>Brenner then focused on establishing <i><a href="/wiki/Caenorhabditis_elegans" title="Caenorhabditis elegans">Caenorhabditis elegans</a></i> as a <a href="/wiki/Model_organism" title="Model organism">model organism</a> for the investigation of animal <a href="/wiki/Developmental_biology" title="Developmental biology">development</a> including development of the <a href="/wiki/Nervous_system" title="Nervous system">nervous system</a>. Brenner chose this 1 millimeter-long soil <a href="/wiki/Roundworm" class="mw-redirect" title="Roundworm">roundworm</a> mainly because it is simple, is easy to grow in bulk populations, and turned out to be convenient for <a href="/wiki/Genetic" class="mw-disambig" title="Genetic">genetic</a> analysis. For this work, he shared the 2002 <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> in Physiology or Medicine with Robert Horvitz and John Sulston. His Nobel lecture in December 2002, "Nature's gift to science" is a homage to this modest <a href="/wiki/Nematode" title="Nematode">nematode</a>. He considers chosing the right organism is as important as picking the right problems to work on.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In recognition of his pioneering work on <i>C. elegans</i>, another closely related nematode was given the scientific name <i>Caenorhabditis brenneri</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Brenner founded the Molecular Sciences Institute in Berkeley, CA in 1996.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is currently associated with the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Salk_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Salk Institute (not yet started)">Salk Institute</a>, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_of_Molecular_and_Cell_Biology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (not yet started)">Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology</a>, the Singapore Biomedical Research Council and the <a href="/wiki/Howard_Hughes_Medical_Institute" title="Howard Hughes Medical Institute">Howard Hughes Medical Institute</a>. In August 2005 Brenner was appointed president of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oist.jp">Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology</a>. He is also on the Board of Scientific Governors at the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Scripps_Research_Institute&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scripps Research Institute (not yet started)">Scripps Research Institute</a>. </p><p>Known for his scientific insight and <a href="/wiki/Wit" title="Wit">wit</a>, Brenner for many years penned a regular column ("Loose Ends") in the journal <i>Current Biology</i>. Brenner was noted for his generosity of ideas and the great number of students and colleagues his ideas have stimulated. </p><p>He was elected a member of the <a href="/wiki/Academia_Europaea" title="Academia Europaea">Academia Europaea</a> in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Brenner died on 5 April 2019 in <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>. He was 92.<sup id="cite_ref-asianscientist_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-asianscientist-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Books">Books</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Brenner&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Books" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Brenner&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Books"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Brenner S. 1997. <i>Loose ends: a collection of loose ends/false starts columns by Uncle Syd, from January 1994 to December 2000</i>. Current Biology. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-85922-325-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-85922-325-7">1-85922-325-7</a></li> <li>Brenner S. 2001. <i>My life in science</i>, with Lewis Wolpert; edited by Errol C. Friedberg and Eleanor Lawrence. Biomed Central. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-9540278-0-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-9540278-0-9">0-9540278-0-9</a></li> <li>Friedberg, Errol 2010. <i>Sydney Brenner: a biography</i>. CSHL Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87969-947-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-87969-947-7">0-87969-947-7</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_pages">Related pages</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Brenner&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Related pages" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Brenner&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Related pages"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_biologists" title="List of biologists">List of biologists</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Brenner&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Brenner&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.salk.edu/scientist/sydney-brenner/">"Sydney Brenner"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sydney+Brenner&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.salk.edu%2Fscientist%2Fsydney-brenner%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+Brenner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nobelprize.org/medicine/laureates/2002/brenner-autobio.html">Nobelprize.org</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0">3.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1">3.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sydney-Brenner">"Sydney Brenner | South African-born biologist"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-08-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Sydney+Brenner+%7C+South+African-born+biologist&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fbiography%2FSydney-Brenner&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+Brenner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFSydney_Brenner2002" class="citation web cs1">Sydney Brenner (8 December 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nobel.se/medicine/laureates/2002/brenner-lecture.html">"Nobel Lecture: Nature's gift to science"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(video & pdf)</span>. nobelprize.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-09-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nobel+Lecture%3A+Nature%27s+gift+to+science&rft.pub=nobelprize.org&rft.date=2002-12-08&rft.au=Sydney+Brenner&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobel.se%2Fmedicine%2Flaureates%2F2002%2Fbrenner-lecture.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+Brenner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite id="CITEREFSudhausiKiontke2007" class="citation journal cs1">Sudhausi, Walter; Kiontke, Karin (25 April 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2007f/zt01456p062.pdf">"Comparison of the cryptic nematode species Caenorhabditis brenneri sp. n"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Zootaxa</i>. <b>1456</b>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2008-09-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Zootaxa&rft.atitle=Comparison+of+the+cryptic+nematode+species+Caenorhabditis+brenneri+sp.+n&rft.volume=1456&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E45-%3C%2Fspan%3E62&rft.date=2007-04-25&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.11646%2Fzootaxa.1456.1.2&rft.aulast=Sudhausi&rft.aufirst=Walter&rft.au=Kiontke%2C+Karin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mapress.com%2Fzootaxa%2F2007f%2Fzt01456p062.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+Brenner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071227182819/http://www.hhmi.org/janelia/brenner.html">"Janelia Farm: Sydney Brenner"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hhmi.org/janelia/brenner.html">the original</a> on 2007-12-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2011-04-16</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Janelia+Farm%3A+Sydney+Brenner&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hhmi.org%2Fjanelia%2Fbrenner.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+Brenner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190328104806/https://www.ae-info.org/ae/Member/Brenner_Sydney">"Sydney Brenner"</a>. Academia Europaea. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ae-info.org/ae/Member/Brenner_Sydney">the original</a> on 28 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sydney+Brenner&rft.pub=Academia+Europaea&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ae-info.org%2Fae%2FMember%2FBrenner_Sydney&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+Brenner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-asianscientist-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-asianscientist_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.asianscientist.com/2019/04/topnews/sydney-brenner-nobel-laureate-dies-92-c-elegans-obituary/">"Sydney Brenner, 'father of the worm' and decoder of DNA, dies at 92"</a>. <i>asianscientist.com</i>. 5 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=asianscientist.com&rft.atitle=Sydney+Brenner%2C+%27father+of+the+worm%27+and+decoder+of+DNA%2C+dies+at+92&rft.date=2019-04-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.asianscientist.com%2F2019%2F04%2Ftopnews%2Fsydney-brenner-nobel-laureate-dies-92-c-elegans-obituary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3ASydney+Brenner" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Brenner&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Brenner&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Winners of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize" title="Nobel Prize">Nobel Prize</a> in <a href="/wiki/List_of_Nobel_Prize_winners_in_Physiology_or_Medicine" title="List of Nobel Prize winners in Physiology or Medicine">Physiology or Medicine</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1901 – 1925</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Emil_Adolf_von_Behring" title="Emil Adolf von Behring">Behring</a> (1901) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ronald_Ross" title="Ronald Ross">Ross</a> (1902) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Niels_Ryberg_Finsen" title="Niels Ryberg Finsen">Finsen</a> (1903) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Pavlov" title="Ivan Pavlov">Pavlov</a> (1904) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Robert_Koch" title="Robert Koch">Koch</a> (1905) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Camillo_Golgi" title="Camillo Golgi">Golgi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Santiago_Ram%C3%B3n_y_Cajal" title="Santiago Ramón y Cajal">Ramón y Cajal</a> (1906) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Laveran" title="Alphonse Laveran">Laveran</a> (1907) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ilya_Mechnikov" title="Ilya Mechnikov">Mechnikov</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ehrlich" title="Paul Ehrlich">Ehrlich</a> (1908) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Emil_Theodor_Kocher" title="Emil Theodor Kocher">Kocher</a> (1909) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Kossel" title="Albrecht Kossel">Kossel</a> (1910) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Allvar_Gullstrand" title="Allvar Gullstrand">Gullstrand</a> (1911) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Alexis_Carrel" title="Alexis Carrel">Carrel</a> (1912) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Charles_Robert_Richet" title="Charles Robert Richet">Richet</a> (1913) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Robert_B%C3%A1r%C3%A1ny" title="Robert Bárány">Bárány</a> (1914) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Jules_Bordet" title="Jules Bordet">Bordet</a> (1919) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/August_Krogh" title="August Krogh">Krogh</a> (1920) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Archibald_Hill" title="Archibald Hill">Hill</a> / <a href="/wiki/Otto_Fritz_Meyerhof" title="Otto Fritz Meyerhof">Meyerhof</a> (1922) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Banting" title="Frederick Banting">Banting</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Macleod" title="John Macleod">Macleod</a> (1923) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Willem_Einthoven" title="Willem Einthoven">Einthoven</a> (1924) </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1926 – 1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Fibiger" title="Johannes Fibiger">Fibiger</a> (1926) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Julius_Wagner-Jauregg" title="Julius Wagner-Jauregg">Wagner-Jauregg</a> (1927) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Charles_Nicolle" title="Charles Nicolle">Nicolle</a> (1928) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Christiaan_Eijkman" title="Christiaan Eijkman">Eijkman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Hopkins" title="Frederick Hopkins">Hopkins</a> (1929) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Karl_Landsteiner" title="Karl Landsteiner">Landsteiner</a> (1930) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Otto_Heinrich_Warburg" title="Otto Heinrich Warburg">Warburg</a> (1931) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Charles_Scott_Sherrington" title="Charles Scott Sherrington">Sherrington</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edgar_Adrian,_1st_Baron_Adrian" title="Edgar Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian">Adrian</a> (1932) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hunt_Morgan" title="Thomas Hunt Morgan">Morgan</a> (1933) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/George_Whipple" title="George Whipple">Whipple</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Minot" title="George Minot">Minot</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_P._Murphy" title="William P. Murphy">Murphy</a> (1934) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hans_Spemann" title="Hans Spemann">Spemann</a> (1935) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Henry_Hallett_Dale" title="Henry Hallett Dale">Dale</a> / <a href="/wiki/Otto_Loewi" title="Otto Loewi">Loewi</a> (1936) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Albert_Szent-Gy%C3%B6rgyi" title="Albert Szent-Györgyi">Szent-Györgyi</a> (1937) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Corneille_Heymans" title="Corneille Heymans">Heymans</a> (1938) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Domagk" title="Gerhard Domagk">Domagk</a> (1939) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Dam" title="Henrik Dam">Dam</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Adelbert_Doisy" title="Edward Adelbert Doisy">Doisy</a> (1943) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Erlanger" title="Joseph Erlanger">Erlanger</a> / <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Gasser" title="Herbert Gasser">Gasser</a> (1944) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Fleming" title="Alexander Fleming">Fleming</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ernst_Chain" title="Ernst Chain">Chain</a> / <a href="/wiki/Howard_Florey" title="Howard Florey">Florey</a> (1945) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/H._J._Muller" title="H. J. Muller">Muller</a> (1946) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Carl_Ferdinand_Cori" title="Carl Ferdinand Cori">C.Cori</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gerty_Cori" title="Gerty Cori">G.Cori</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bernardo_Houssay" title="Bernardo Houssay">Houssay</a> (1947) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hermann_M%C3%BCller" title="Paul Hermann Müller">Müller</a> (1948) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Walter_Rudolf_Hess" title="Walter Rudolf Hess">Hess</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ant%C3%B3nio_Egas_Moniz" title="António Egas Moniz">Moniz</a> (1949) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Edward_Calvin_Kendall" title="Edward Calvin Kendall">Kendall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tadeus_Reichstein" title="Tadeus Reichstein">Reichstein</a> / <a href="/wiki/Philip_Showalter_Hench" title="Philip Showalter Hench">Hench</a> (1950) </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1951 – 1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Max_Theiler" title="Max Theiler">Theiler</a> (1951) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Selman_Waksman" title="Selman Waksman">Waksman</a> (1952) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hans_Krebs" title="Hans Krebs">Krebs</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fritz_Albert_Lipmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Fritz Albert Lipmann">Lipmann</a> (1953) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/John_Franklin_Enders" class="mw-redirect" title="John Franklin Enders">Enders</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Huckle_Weller" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Huckle Weller">Weller</a> / <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Chapman_Robbins" class="mw-redirect" title="Frederick Chapman Robbins">Robbins</a> (1954) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Hugo_Theorell" title="Hugo Theorell">Theorell</a> (1955) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Cournand" class="mw-redirect" title="André Frédéric Cournand">Cournand</a> / <a href="/wiki/Werner_Forssmann" title="Werner Forssmann">Forssmann</a> / <a href="/wiki/Dickinson_W._Richards" title="Dickinson W. Richards">Richards</a> (1956) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Bovet" title="Daniel Bovet">Bovet</a> (1957) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/George_Beadle" title="George Beadle">Beadle</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Tatum" title="Edward Tatum">Tatum</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Lederberg" title="Joshua Lederberg">Lederberg</a> (1958) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Severo_Ochoa" class="mw-redirect" title="Severo Ochoa">Ochoa</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Kornberg" title="Arthur Kornberg">Kornberg</a> (1959) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Frank_Macfarlane_Burnet" title="Frank Macfarlane Burnet">Burnet</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Medawar" title="Peter Medawar">Medawar</a> (1960) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Georg_von_B%C3%A9k%C3%A9sy" title="Georg von Békésy">Békésy</a> (1961) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Francis_Crick" title="Francis Crick">Crick</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_D._Watson" title="James D. Watson">Watson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Wilkins" title="Maurice Wilkins">Wilkins</a> (1962) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/John_Eccles_(neurophysiologist)" title="John Eccles (neurophysiologist)">Eccles</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alan_Hodgkin" title="Alan Hodgkin">Hodgkin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Huxley" title="Andrew Huxley">Huxley</a> (1963) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Emil_Bloch" title="Konrad Emil Bloch">Bloch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Feodor_Felix_Konrad_Lynen" class="mw-redirect" title="Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen">Lynen</a> (1964) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacob" title="François Jacob">Jacob</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Michel_Lwoff" class="mw-redirect" title="André Michel Lwoff">Lwoff</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jacques_Monod" title="Jacques Monod">Monod</a> (1965) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Francis_Peyton_Rous" class="mw-redirect" title="Francis Peyton Rous">Rous</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_Brenton_Huggins" title="Charles Brenton Huggins">Huggins</a> (1966) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ragnar_Granit" title="Ragnar Granit">Granit</a> / <a href="/wiki/Haldan_Keffer_Hartline" title="Haldan Keffer Hartline">Hartline</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Wald" title="George Wald">Wald</a> (1967) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Holley" title="Robert W. Holley">Holley</a> / <a href="/wiki/Har_Gobind_Khorana" title="Har Gobind Khorana">Khorana</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marshall_Warren_Nirenberg" title="Marshall Warren Nirenberg">Nirenberg</a> (1968) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Max_Delbr%C3%BCck" title="Max Delbrück">Delbrück</a> / <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Hershey" title="Alfred Hershey">Hershey</a> / <a href="/wiki/Salvador_Luria" title="Salvador Luria">Luria</a> (1969) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Katz" title="Bernard Katz">Katz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ulf_von_Euler" title="Ulf von Euler">Euler</a> / <a href="/wiki/Julius_Axelrod" class="mw-redirect" title="Julius Axelrod">Axelrod</a> (1970) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Earl_Wilbur_Sutherland_Jr." title="Earl Wilbur Sutherland Jr.">Sutherland</a> (1971) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Edelman" title="Gerald Edelman">Edelman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rodney_Robert_Porter" class="mw-redirect" title="Rodney Robert Porter">Porter</a> (1972) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Karl_von_Frisch" title="Karl von Frisch">Frisch</a> / <a href="/wiki/Konrad_Lorenz" title="Konrad Lorenz">Lorenz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Niko_Tinbergen" title="Niko Tinbergen">Tinbergen</a> (1973) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Albert_Claude" title="Albert Claude">Claude</a> / <a href="/wiki/Christian_de_Duve" title="Christian de Duve">Duve</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Emil_Palade" title="George Emil Palade">Palade</a> (1974) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/David_Baltimore" title="David Baltimore">Baltimore</a> / <a href="/wiki/Howard_Temin" title="Howard Temin">Temin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Renato_Dulbecco" title="Renato Dulbecco">Dulbecco</a> (1975) </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1976 – 2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Baruch_Samuel_Blumberg" title="Baruch Samuel Blumberg">Blumberg</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Carleton_Gajdusek" title="Daniel Carleton Gajdusek">Gajdusek</a> (1976) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Roger_Guillemin" title="Roger Guillemin">Guillemin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Schally" title="Andrew Schally">Schally</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rosalyn_Yalow" title="Rosalyn Yalow">Yalow</a> (1977) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Werner_Arber" title="Werner Arber">Arber</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Nathans" title="Daniel Nathans">Nathans</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Smith" title="Hamilton Smith">Smith</a> (1978) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Allan_McLeod_Cormack" title="Allan McLeod Cormack">Cormack</a> / <a href="/wiki/Godfrey_Hounsfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Godfrey Hounsfield">Hounsfield</a> (1979) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Baruj_Benacerraf" title="Baruj Benacerraf">Benacerraf</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean_Dausset" title="Jean Dausset">Dausset</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Davis_Snell" title="George Davis Snell">Snell</a> (1980) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Roger_Sperry" class="mw-redirect" title="Roger Sperry">Sperry</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Hubel" title="David Hubel">Hubel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Torsten_Wiesel" title="Torsten Wiesel">Wiesel</a> (1981) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Sune_Bergstr%C3%B6m" title="Sune Bergström">Bergström</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bengt_I._Samuelsson" title="Bengt I. Samuelsson">Samuelsson</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Robert_Vane" class="mw-redirect" title="John Robert Vane">Vane</a> (1982) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Barbara_McClintock" title="Barbara McClintock">McClintock</a> (1983) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Niels_Kaj_Jerne" title="Niels Kaj Jerne">Jerne</a> / <a href="/wiki/Georges_J._F._K%C3%B6hler" title="Georges J. F. Köhler">Köhler</a> / <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_Milstein" class="mw-redirect" title="César Milstein">Milstein</a> (1984) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Michael_Stuart_Brown" class="mw-redirect" title="Michael Stuart Brown">Brown</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joseph_L._Goldstein" title="Joseph L. Goldstein">Goldstein</a> (1985) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Cohen" title="Stanley Cohen">Stanley Cohen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rita_Levi-Montalcini" title="Rita Levi-Montalcini">Levi-Montalcini</a> (1986) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Susumu_Tonegawa" title="Susumu Tonegawa">Tonegawa</a> (1987) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/James_Black" title="James Black">Black</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gertrude_B._Elion" title="Gertrude B. Elion">Elion</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_H._Hitchings" title="George H. Hitchings">Hitchings</a> (1988) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/J._Michael_Bishop" title="J. Michael Bishop">Bishop</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harold_Varmus" title="Harold Varmus">Varmus</a> (1989) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Murray" title="Joseph Murray">Murray</a> / <a href="/wiki/E._Donnall_Thomas" title="E. Donnall Thomas">Thomas</a> (1990) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Erwin_Neher" title="Erwin Neher">Neher</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bert_Sakmann" title="Bert Sakmann">Sakmann</a> (1991) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Edmond_H._Fischer" title="Edmond H. Fischer">Fischer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edwin_G._Krebs" title="Edwin G. Krebs">Krebs</a> (1992) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Richard_Roberts" title="Richard Roberts">Roberts</a> / <a href="/wiki/Phillip_Sharp" title="Phillip Sharp">Sharp</a> (1993) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Alfred_G._Gilman" title="Alfred G. Gilman">Gilman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Rodbell" title="Martin Rodbell">Rodbell</a> (1994) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Edward_B._Lewis" title="Edward B. Lewis">Lewis</a> / <a href="/wiki/Christiane_N%C3%BCsslein-Volhard" title="Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard">Nüsslein-Volhard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eric_F._Wieschaus" title="Eric F. Wieschaus">Wieschaus</a> (1995) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Peter_C._Doherty" title="Peter C. Doherty">Doherty</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rolf_M._Zinkernagel" title="Rolf M. Zinkernagel">Zinkernagel</a> (1996) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Stanley_B._Prusiner" title="Stanley B. Prusiner">Prusiner</a> (1997) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Furchgott" title="Robert F. Furchgott">Furchgott</a> / <a href="/wiki/Louis_Ignarro" title="Louis Ignarro">Ignarro</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ferid_Murad" title="Ferid Murad">Murad</a> (1998) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnter_Blobel" title="Günter Blobel">Blobel</a> (1999) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Arvid_Carlsson" title="Arvid Carlsson">Carlsson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Greengard" title="Paul Greengard">Greengard</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eric_Kandel" title="Eric Kandel">Kandel</a> (2000) </p> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">2001 – present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div> <p><a href="/wiki/Lee_Hartwell" title="Lee Hartwell">Hartwell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tim_Hunt" title="Tim Hunt">Hunt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Nurse" title="Paul Nurse">Nurse</a> (2001) <b>·</b>  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Brenner</a> / <a href="/wiki/H._Robert_Horvitz" title="H. Robert Horvitz">Horvitz</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Sulston" title="John Sulston">Sulston</a> (2002) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Paul_Lauterbur" title="Paul Lauterbur">Lauterbur</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Mansfield" title="Peter Mansfield">Mansfield</a> (2003) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Richard_Axel" title="Richard Axel">Axel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Linda_B._Buck" title="Linda B. Buck">Buck</a> (2004) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Barry_Marshall" title="Barry Marshall">Marshall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robin_Warren" title="Robin Warren">Warren</a> (2005) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Fire" title="Andrew Fire">Fire</a> / <a href="/wiki/Craig_Mello" title="Craig Mello">Mello</a> (2006) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Mario_Capecchi" title="Mario Capecchi">Capecchi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Martin_Evans" title="Martin Evans">Evans</a> / <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Smithies" title="Oliver Smithies">Smithies</a> (2007) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7oise_Barr%C3%A9-Sinoussi" title="Françoise Barré-Sinoussi">Barré-Sinoussi</a> / <a href="/wiki/Luc_Montagnier" title="Luc Montagnier">Montagnier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harald_zur_Hausen" title="Harald zur Hausen">zur Hausen</a> (2008) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Blackburn" title="Elizabeth Blackburn">Blackburn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carol_Greider" title="Carol Greider">Greider</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jack_Szostak" title="Jack Szostak">Szostak</a> (2009) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Robert_Edwards" title="Robert Edwards">Edwards</a> (2010) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Beutler" title="Bruce Beutler">Beutler</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jules_Hoffmann" title="Jules Hoffmann">Hoffmann</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ralph_Steinman" title="Ralph Steinman">Steinman</a> (2011) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/John_Gurdon" title="John Gurdon">Gurdon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shinya_Yamanaka" title="Shinya Yamanaka">Yamanaka</a> (2012) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/James_Rothman" title="James Rothman">Rothman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Randy_Schekman" title="Randy Schekman">Schekman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Thomas_C._S%C3%BCdhof" title="Thomas C. Südhof">Südhof</a> (2013) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/John_O%27Keefe" title="John O'Keefe">O'Keefe</a> / <a href="/wiki/May-Britt_Moser" title="May-Britt Moser">M-B. Moser</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edvard_Moser" title="Edvard Moser">E. Moser</a> (2014) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/William_C._Campbell_(scientist)" title="William C. Campbell (scientist)">Campbell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Satoshi_%C5%8Cmura" title="Satoshi Ōmura">Ōmura</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tu_Youyou" title="Tu Youyou">Youyou</a> (2015) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Yoshinori_Ohsumi" title="Yoshinori Ohsumi">Ohsumi</a> (2016) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_C._Hall" title="Jeffrey C. Hall">Hall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Rosbash" title="Michael Rosbash">Rosbash</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_W._Young" title="Michael W. Young">Young</a> (2017) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/James_P._Allison" title="James P. Allison">Allison</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tasuku_Honjo" title="Tasuku Honjo">Honjo</a> (2018) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gregg_L._Semenza" title="Gregg L. Semenza">Semenza</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_J._Ratcliffe" title="Peter J. Ratcliffe">Ratcliffe</a> / <a href="/wiki/William_Kaelin_Jr." title="William Kaelin Jr.">Kaelin Jr.</a> (2019) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Harvey_J._Alter" title="Harvey J. Alter">Atler</a> / <a href="/wiki/Michael_Houghton" title="Michael Houghton">Houghton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Charles_M._Rice" title="Charles M. Rice">Rice</a> (2020) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ardem_Patapoutian" title="Ardem Patapoutian">Patapoutian</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Julius" title="David Julius">Julius</a> (2021) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Svante_P%C3%A4%C3%A4bo" title="Svante Pääbo">Pääbo</a> (2022) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Katalin_Karik%C3%B3" title="Katalin Karikó">Karikó</a> / <a href="/wiki/Drew_Weissman" title="Drew Weissman">Weissman</a> (2023) <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Victor_Ambros" title="Victor Ambros">Ambros</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gary_Ruvkun" title="Gary Ruvkun">Ruvkun</a> (2024) </p> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Brenner&oldid=9930215">https://simple.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Brenner&oldid=9930215</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nobel_Prize_in_Physiology_or_Medicine_winners" title="Category:Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine winners">Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine winners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1927_births" title="Category:1927 births">1927 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2019_deaths" title="Category:2019 deaths">2019 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Category:Fellows of the Royal Society">Fellows of the Royal Society</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Geneticists" title="Category:Geneticists">Geneticists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jewish_academics" title="Category:Jewish academics">Jewish academics</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jewish_scientists" title="Category:Jewish scientists">Jewish scientists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Jewish_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Category:Jewish Nobel Prize winners">Jewish Nobel Prize winners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:South_African_Jews" title="Category:South African Jews">South African Jews</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:South_African_Nobel_Prize_winners" title="Category:South African Nobel Prize winners">South African Nobel Prize winners</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:South_African_scientists" title="Category:South African scientists">South African scientists</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:White_South_African_people" title="Category:White South African people">White South African people</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Members_of_Academia_Europaea" title="Category:Members of Academia Europaea">Members of Academia Europaea</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_hCards" title="Category:Articles with hCards">Articles with hCards</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_category_link_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Commons category link from Wikidata">Commons category link from Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last changed on 7 December 2024, at 12:48.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_GNU_Free_Documentation_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License">GFDL</a>; additional terms may apply. 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