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(min-width: 1025px){body .uag-hide-desktop.uagb-google-map__wrap,body .uag-hide-desktop{display:none}}@media (min-width: 768px) and (max-width: 1024px){body .uag-hide-tab.uagb-google-map__wrap,body .uag-hide-tab{display:none}}@media (max-width: 767px){body .uag-hide-mob.uagb-google-map__wrap,body .uag-hide-mob{display:none}}</style><link rel="icon" href="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/siteicon.jpg" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/siteicon.jpg" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/siteicon.jpg" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/siteicon.jpg" /> <style id="wp-custom-css"> /* Target mobile only: these three all relate to font sizing on mobile */ @media (max-width : 480px) { .wp-block-group { padding-right: 1.5rem !important; padding-left: 1.5rem !important; } } /* .wp-block-columns is used on the frontpage, and also on posts, but i only want this padding on the front page mobile (and the two tablepress pages, actually) */ @media (max-width : 480px) { .page-id-855 .wp-block-columns, .page-id-813 .wp-block-columns { padding-right: 0 !important; padding-left: 0 !important; } } /* @media screen and (max-width: 480px) { html { font-size: .9rem} } */ @media screen and (max-width: 480px) { p { line-height: 1.5;} } /** use full-width for mobile by re-defining responsive--alignwide-width variable **/ @media screen and (max-width:480px) { body { --responsive--alignwide-width: 100%;} } /* This Centers right and left aligned images on mobile */ @media screen and (max-width: 480px) { #page .alignleft, #page .alignright { float: none; margin: 1.25em auto; margin-top: 5px; margin-bottom: 5px; } } .entry-footer { display: none !important; } /* remove recent posts from frontpage */ .page-id-239 .widget-area { display: none; } .page-id-239 .site-info { display:none; } body { --latest-posts--title-font-size: 1.4rem; } /*Style the text in latest posts*/ .wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid > li { background-color:#e3e3f5; margin-bottom:1.5rem !important; } .wp-block-latest-posts>li>a { margin-top:-10px; /*width:303px;*/ text-decoration: none; color:black; padding-left:5%; padding-right:10%; margin-bottom:0px; font-weight:bold; } /* date text*/ .wp-block-latest-posts .wp-block-latest-posts__post-date { margin-top: 0px; color:black; padding-left:5%; margin-bottom:20px !important; } /* These add a background to the caption text and remove the spacing between image and caption */ figcaption { background-color: #ddddff; padding-top: 1rem; padding-bottom:1rem; padding-left:2rem; padding-right:2rem; margin-top:0px !important; margin-bottom:0px !important; text-align: center; line-height: 1.5 !important; font-size:1.25rem !important; color:black !important; max-width: 100%; } .wp-block-image img { margin-bottom: 0px !important; } /* removes top spacer from mobile on pages */ @media screen and (max-width:480px) { #page .wp-block-spacer { display: none !important;} } /* This places embeds (like youtube vids) midway into the left whitespace. it's not bad but i havent decided on it yet*/ .wp-block-embed.alignleft {margin-left:10%; margin-right:5%;} @media screen and (max-width:480px) { .wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid { flex-direction: column; }} h1, .h1, h2, .h2, h3, .h3, h4, .h4, h5, .h5, h6, .h6 { clear: none; } /* Styling for the search bar and show entries on tablepress */ .dataTables_filter input { border-radius: 10px; padding: .36rem; } .dataTables_length { margin-bottom:10px; margin-top:.02rem; } /* this shortens the vertical size of the select box by adding less padding top and bottom*/ select { padding-top:5px; padding-bottom:5px; } /* disabling the stupid link highlighting of TT1*/ a:focus { color:inherit !important; background-color:inherit !important; } .wp-block-latest-posts>li>a:focus {color:black !important; } /* targets hover effect on child cells in responsive table*/ table.dataTable .child td:hover { background-color:transparent!important; } @media screen and (min-width:480px) { .tablepress tbody td { font-size:1.2rem; line-height:1.5em; } } .tablepress thead th, .tablepress tfoot th { background-color:#c6a7e3; } .tablepress thead .sorting_asc, .tablepress thead .sorting_desc, .tablepress thead .sorting:hover { background-color: #c066f9; } @media screen and (min-width:480px) { .page-id-855 { --responsive--alignwide-width: min(calc(100vw - 8 * var(--global--spacing-horizontal)), 1440px); } } /* adds spacing to the game table rows*/ @media screen and (min-width:480px) { .tablepress-id-2 td { padding-bottom:15px; padding-top:15px; } } td.column-1.dtr-control::before { display:none !important; } @media screen and (max-width:480px) { td.column-2 { padding-right:15px !important; } } @media screen and (min-width:480px) { .tablepress { table-layout:fixed; } .tablepress-id-2 .column-1 { width: 16% !important; } .tablepress-id-2 .column-2 { width: 15% !important; } .tablepress-id-2 .column-3 { width: 13% !important; } .tablepress-id-2 .column-4 { width: 20% !important; } .tablepress-id-2 .column-5 { width: 20% !important; } .tablepress-id-2 .column-6 { width: 7% !important; } /*.tablepress-id-2 img { width: 180px; }*/ } td.column-1.dtr-control { padding-left:15px !important; /* padding-right:0px !important; */ } @media screen and (max-width:480px) { .column-1.dtr-control img {width:130px;} } /* tricky mobile styling for responsive tables */ @media screen and (max-width:480px) { .dataTables_wrapper .dataTables_filter input {width:70%;} .dataTables_filter {padding-left:170px !important; padding-bottom:5px;} } @media screen and (min-width:480px) { .wp-block-columns { border-radius: 8px; } } /* general re-routing of h3, mainly done to port over code from shmuplations more easily*/ body h3 { font-size: 1.4rem; font-weight: 600; } body { --global--spacing-horizontal: 40px; } /* slightly smaller h3 fonts for mobile*/ @media only screen and (max-width: 480px) { body h3 { font-size: 1.3rem; } } @media only screen and (min-width: 481px) { :root{ --responsive--aligndefault-width: min(calc(100vw - 8 * var(--global--spacing-horizontal)), 800px); } } /* target laptop screens with wider interview area*/ @media only screen and (min-width: 1500px) { :root { --responsive--aligndefault-width: min(calc(100vw - 8 * var(--global--spacing-horizontal)), 800px); } .post-thumbnail, .entry-content .wp-audio-shortcode, .entry-content > *:not(.alignwide):not(.alignfull):not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.wp-block-separator):not(.woocommerce), *[class*=inner-container] > *:not(.entry-content):not(.alignwide):not(.alignfull):not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.wp-block-separator):not(.woocommerce), .default-max-width, .wp-block-search, hr.wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-dots):not(.alignwide), .entry-content > .alignleft, .entry-content > .alignright, .author-bio, .search-form { max-width: var(--responsive--aligndefault-width); } body h3{ font-size:1.5rem; } body p{ font-size:1.5rem; line-height:1.5; } .wp-block-media-text__content p{ font-size:1.25rem; line-height:1.7; } } @media only screen and (min-width:481px) { body p { font-size:1.5rem; line-height:1.5; } .post p{ line-height:1.5; } /* .wp-block-group .wp-block-group__inner-container > * { margin-top: calc(var(--global--spacing-vertical) - 3px); margin-bottom: calc(var(--global--spacing-vertical) - 3px); } */ .wp-block-media-text__content p { /* font-size:1.25rem;*/ font-size:1.25rem; line-height:1.7; } /* spacing/margins for L/R aligned column content in posts*/ .single-post .wp-block-columns { margin-top: 40px; margin-bottom: 30px; } /* more padding for captioned images that are not left or right aligned */ figure:not(.alignright, .alignleft, .doubleimagecolumn-figure) > figcaption { padding-left:2.5rem; padding-right:2.5rem; } :root h4 { font-size:1.6rem; } .wp-block-media-text__content p{ margin-top:-10px !important; } } /**---------------------**/ /** 1920+ Sizings **/ /**---------------------**/ @media only screen and (min-width: 1920px) { :root { --responsive--aligndefault-width: min(calc(100vw - 8 * var(--global--spacing-horizontal)), 800px); --global--font-size-base: 1.5rem; --global--line-height-body: 1.5; --global--spacing-vertical: 30px; --global--spacing-horizontal: 40px; --global--spacing-unit: 24px; } :root h4 { font-size:1.7rem !important; } body h3 { font-size:1.55rem !important; font-weight:600; } .post-thumbnail, .entry-content .wp-audio-shortcode, .entry-content > *:not(.alignwide):not(.alignfull):not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.wp-block-separator):not(.woocommerce), *[class*=inner-container] > *:not(.entry-content):not(.alignwide):not(.alignfull):not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.wp-block-separator):not(.woocommerce), .default-max-width, .wp-block-search, hr.wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-dots):not(.alignwide), .entry-content > .alignleft, .entry-content > .alignright, .author-bio, .search-form { max-width: var(--responsive--aligndefault-width); } /* this targets the text of the opening intro block */ .wp-block-media-text__content p{ font-size:1.3rem; line-height:1.7; margin-top:-10px !important; } figcaption { font-size:1.25rem !important; /* margin-bottom:2.5rem !important; */ max-width: 999999px !important; max-height:999999px !important; } /* more padding for captioned images that are not left or right aligned*/ figure:not(.alignright, .alignleft) > figcaption { padding-left:3rem; padding-right:3rem; } /* makes sure not to apply "wide" caption padding to youtube L/R embeds, which I use columns for */ .wp-block-column figure >figcaption{ padding-left:2rem; padding-right:2rem; } .wp-block-latest-posts > li > a { font-size:1.5rem; line-height:1.9rem; } .wp-block-latest-posts .wp-block-latest-posts__post-date { font-size:1.07rem; margin-top:2px; } .wp-block-columns .wp-block-column h3:first-child { margin-top: -10px; } } /*--------------------*/ @media only screen and (max-width:480px) { .wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content { padding-left: 1.5rem; padding-right: 1.5rem; padding-top:2rem; } h4, .h4 { font-size:1.6rem; } h5, .h5 { font-size:1.6rem !important; } } /* these are for interview headings within the main article --need to add responsive stylings... 2.3rem @2560, 1.7rem @ipad/laptop? */ h5, .h5 { font-size:1.9rem; margin-bottom: 0px !important; } h5 strong, .h5 strong{ font-weight:600; } h5 + p { font-weight:600 !important; margin-top:0px !important; } @media only screen and (max-width:480px) { /* this targets the text of the opening intro block */ .wp-block-media-text__content p{ font-size:1.25rem; line-height:1.5 !important; } } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ .wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content h4 { margin-bottom:0; } .wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content p { margin-top:15px; } } /* .marginbotminus20 { margin-bottom:-20px !important; } */ /* html,body { text-size-adjust: none !important; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none !important; -moz-text-size-adjust: none !important; -ms-text-size-adjust: none !important; } */ @media only screen and (max-width:480px) { figure { font-size:18px !important; } .wp-block-image figcaption { font-size: 18px !important; width:100% !important; line-height:1.5 !important; } figcaption { max-width: 999999px !important; max-height:999999px !important; padding-left:1.35rem; padding-right:1.35rem; } .wp-block-embed figcaption{ font-size:18px !important;} .wp-block-column figcaption{ font-size:18px !important;} } /* wordpress sometimes fails to add the table styling for images, especially in columns--this way images and the like should be freely resizable in style-editor.css as well */ figure.wp-block-image{ display:table !important; } .wp-block-image figcaption{ display:table-caption; caption-side:bottom; } .wp-block-gallery figure{ display:flex !important; } @media only screen and (min-width:481px) { .wp-block-columns .wp-block-column h3:first-child { margin-top: -10px; } } @media only screen and (min-width:481px) { .wp-block-latest-posts.is-grid > li { border-radius: 14px; } .wp-block-latest-posts__featured-image img { border-radius: 14px 14px 0px 0px; } figure.wp-block-image:not(.alignleft, .alignright, .wp-block-column *,.alexalignleft) { margin-top: 40px !important; margin-bottom:40px; } /* margins top and bottom for center aligned youtube vids */ .wp-block-group__inner-container > figure.wp-block-embed.is-type-video { margin-top: 40px; margin-bottom: 40px; } .wp-block-gallery figure.wp-block-image{ margin-top:0 !important; } .wp-block-gallery { margin-top:40px !important; margin-bottom:40px !important; } /* i think this should apply to all column margins, basically videos since l/r images are defined specifically below... */ .wp-block-column:not(:first-child){ margin-left: 2.25rem; } .leftimageplustext .wp-block-column:first-child { flex-shrink:0; } .leftimageplustext .wp-block-column:not(:first-child) { margin-left: 2.25rem; } .leftimageplustext .wp-block-column .wp-block-image figure { margin-right: 0; margin-top:2px; } .leftimageplustext .wp-block-column, .rightimageplustext .wp-block-column { flex-basis:unset !important; } .rightimageplustext .wp-block-column:last-child{ flex-shrink:0; } .rightimageplustext .wp-block-column .wp-block-image figure { margin-left: 0; margin-top:2px; } .rightimageplustext .wp-block-column:last-child { margin-left:2.5rem; } } @media only screen and (min-width:481px) { .wp-block-columns.are-vertically-aligned-center.has-white-color.has-text-color { margin-top:-10px; } .wp-block-group .wp-block-columns .wp-block-column p:first-child { margin-top: -10px; } } @media only screen and (max-width:480px) { .wp-block-uagb-social-share { justify-content: center; align-items: flex-end; column-gap: 0rem; background: #1d1d1d; padding: 10px; margin-top: -40px !important;; margin-left: 0 !important;; width: calc(100vw + 1px) !important; max-width: 101vw !important; padding-bottom: 5px; padding-top:20px !important; border: solid grey 3px; border-left:none; border-right:none; } .wp-block-group.alignwide.has-black-color.has-text-color.has-background { margin-top:-20px; } .uagb-social-share__wrap { justify-content: center !important; align-items: center; /* gap: 5px;*/ margin-top: -10px; margin-right:0 !important; } .uagb-ss__source-wrap svg { width: 45px !important; height: 45px !important; } } @media only screen and (max-width:480px) { .wp-block-latest-posts > li > a { font-size:1.6rem } .wp-block-latest-posts .wp-block-latest-posts__post-date{ font-size:1.1rem; margin-bottom: 15px !important; } } .taglyfe { background-color: #d9d9ed; padding: 15px; padding-top: 12px; margin-top: -29px; font-size: 1.3rem; /* font-style: italic; */ font-weight:600; margin-bottom:40px; padding-right: 25px; } .taglyfe::before{ /* content:" "; */ margin-left:5px; font-style: initial; } .taglyfe a{ text-decoration:none; /* transition: .25s; */ } /* .taglyfe a::before{ content:"\00a0 "; } .taglyfe a::after{ content:"\00a0 "; } */ @media only screen and (min-width:480px) { .taglyfe a:hover{ background:rgba(114,124,112,.4); padding-top: 2px; padding-bottom:2px; border-radius:4px; } } @media only screen and (max-width:480px) { .taglyfe{ display:none;} } @media only screen and (min-width:481px) { .tagsandsns{ margin-top:-29px !important; margin-bottom:35px !important; box-sizing:content-box; } .tagsandsns-column2 { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: flex-end; background-color: #d9d9ed; margin-left:0 !important; padding-right:1.5rem; /*! margin-right: 0 !important; */ } .wp-block-post-terms { margin-bottom:0 !important; } .wp-block-uagb-social-share-child:last-child { margin-right:0 !important; } .wp-block-uagb-social-share { margin-left:0; margin-right:0; } .uagb-ss__source-icon { line-height:0 !important; } .wp-block-uagb-social-share-child { margin-left:0px !important; } .wp-block-uagb-social-share-child:hover { filter:drop-shadow(2px 2px 2px black); } .wp-block-uagb-social-share-child:first-child svg { width:38px; } .uagb-social-share__wrap { /* column-gap:0; */ margin-right:0; } } @media screen and (min-width: 481px) { .taglyfe{ line-height:1.5; } } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ figure.wp-block-media-text__media { outline: solid black 13px; } } /* .bigfoot-footnote{ left:0 !important; } */ .bigfoot-footnote__content p{ font-weight:400; } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ figure.wp-block-media-text__media { outline: solid black 13px; } } /* .bigfoot-footnote{ left:0 !important; } */ .bigfoot-footnote__content p{ font-weight:400; } .bigfoot-footnote__button { position: relative; z-index: 0; top: -0.1em; padding: 0; margin: 0 0.1em 0 0.2em; border: none; cursor: pointer; background-color: rgba(110, 110, 110, 0.2); font-size: 2rem; line-height: inherit; } .bigfoot-footnote__button { position: relative; height: .8em; width: .8em; border-radius: 50%; } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ .bigfoot-footnote.is-positioned-top { position: fixed; bottom: 0; top: auto; left: 0; right: auto; -webkit-transform: translateY(100%); -ms-transform: translateY(100%); transform: translateY(100%); width: 100%; margin: 0; border-radius: 0; opacity: 1; -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform 0.3s ease; transition: transform 0.3s ease; left:0 !important; width:100vw; } .bigfoot-footnote.is-active { -webkit-transform: scale(1) translateZ(0); transform: scale(1) translateZ(0); opacity: 0.97; -webkit-transform: translateY(0); -ms-transform: translateY(0); transform: translateY(0); } .bigfoot-footnote.is-bottom-fixed { position: fixed; bottom: 0; top: auto; left: 0; right: auto; -webkit-transform: translateY(100%); -ms-transform: translateY(100%); transform: translateY(100%); width: 100%; margin: 0; border-radius: 0; opacity: 1; border-width: 1px 0 0; -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform 0.3s ease; transition: transform 0.3s ease; } .is-positioned-bottom{ position: fixed; bottom: 0; top: auto; left: 0; right: auto; -webkit-transform: translateY(100%); -ms-transform: translateY(100%); transform: translateY(100%); width: 100%; margin: 0; border-radius: 0; opacity: 1; border-width: 1px 0 0; -webkit-transition: -webkit-transform 0.3s ease; transition: transform 0.3s ease; left:0 !important; width:100vw; } .bigfoot-footnote.is-bottom-fixed.is-active { -webkit-transform: translateY(0); -ms-transform: translateY(0); transform: translateY(0); } .bigfoot-footnote.is-bottom-fixed .bigfoot-footnote__wrapper { margin: 0 0 0 50%; -webkit-transform: translateX(-50%); -ms-transform: translateX(-50%); transform: translateX(-50%); max-width: 100%; } .bigfoot-footnote.is-bottom-fixed .bigfoot-footnote__tooltip { display: none; } .bigfoot-footnote__wrapper { position: relative; z-index: 14; width: 22em; display: inline-block; box-sizing: inherit; overflow: hidden; margin: 0; background-color: #fafafa; border-radius: 0.5em; line-height: 0; max-width: 100% !important; max-height:999999px !important; } .bigfoot-footnote__content { position: relative; z-index: 8; display: inline-block; max-height: 15em; padding: 1.1em 1.3em 1.2em; box-sizing: inherit; overflow: auto; -webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch; background: #fafafa; border-radius: 0.5em; -webkit-font-smoothing: subpixel-antialiased; line-height: normal; max-height:999999px !important; } .bigfoot-footnote__content img { max-width: 100%; } .bigfoot-footnote__content *:last-child { margin-bottom: 0 !important; } .bigfoot-footnote__content *:first-child { margin-top: 0 !important; } .bigfoot-footnote__tooltip { display:none; } .is-positioned-bottom .bigfoot-footnote__tooltip { top: -0.65em; } .is-positioned-top .bigfoot-footnote__tooltip { bottom: -0.65em; } .bigfoot-footnote{ border:double black 10px; max-height:10000px !important; } .bigfoot-footnote__content p { font-size: 1.25rem !important; line-height:1.4 !important; font-style: italic !important; max-height: 1000000px; } .bigfoot-footnote__button { height: .9em; width: .9em; } } .footnotes{display:none;} #alexmenu li a:hover { text-decoration: underline; } #masthead{ display:none; } .entry-header{ display:none; } .site-main { padding-top:0px; } .site a:focus:not(.wp-block-button__link):not(.wp-block-file__button) img { outline:none; } .frontpagesns{ border:none !important; } .frontpagesns .wp-block-column:nth-child(2){ align-self:flex-end; padding-right:2.5rem; /* align-self:center; padding-right:2.7rem; margin-top: 8px; */ } @media screen and (max-width : 480px) { .page-id-239 .wp-block-columns { padding-right: 1.5rem !important; padding-left: 1.5rem !important; } } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ .frontpagesns .wp-block-column:nth-child(2){ display:none; } .wp-block-columns .frontpagesns { padding-right:0 !important; padding-left:0 !important; } .frontpagesns .wp-block-column{ margin-bottom:0 !important; } } /* testing out border smoothing on articles*/ @media screen and (min-width: 481px) { .wp-block-media-text { border-radius:24px 24px 0 0; } .wp-block-media-text__media{ border-radius:24px 0 0 0; } /* adjust margins beneath figures (images, videos etc) but only in groups, ie for main content*/ /* .wp-block-group figure { margin-bottom:20px !important; } */ figure + h3 { margin-top:0px !important; } figure:not(.is-type-video) + p { margin-top: 20px !important; } .bigfoot-footnote__tooltip{ background:#363636; } .bigfoot-footnote__content{ background:#363636; color:white; text-shadow:1px 1px black; } .bigfoot-footnote__wrapper{ background:#363636; } .bigfoot-footnote.is-scrollable .bigfoot-footnote__wrapper:after { background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(bottom, #363636 50%, rgba(54, 54, 54, 0) 100%); background-image: linear-gradient(to top, #363636 50%, rgba(54, 54, 54, 0) 100%); } .bigfoot-footnote.is-scrollable .bigfoot-footnote__wrapper:before { background-image: -webkit-linear-gradient(bottom, #363636 50%, rgba(54, 54, 54, 0) 100%); background-image: linear-gradient(to top, #363636 50%, rgba(54, 54, 54, 0) 100%); } } /*---------------------------------*/ /*---devnames accordion stuff------*/ /*---------------------------------*/ /* summary { display:flex; align-items:center; } */ details:first-child { border-radius:20px 20px 0 0; } details:first-child summary { padding-top: 10px; } details:last-child summary { padding-bottom:15px; } details:only-child summary { padding-top:15px; padding-bottom:15px; } details:last-child { border-radius:0 0 20px 20px; } details:only-child{ border-radius:20px; } details { /* font-size: 1.3rem; */ font-weight:700; width: 100%; background: #e5e5f4; position: relative; -webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0); } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ details { width:100%; } } details .summary-title { user-select: none; } details:hover { cursor: pointer; background: rgba(0,0,0,.088); } details:hover svg { background: rgba(0,0,0,.044) } details .summary-content { cursor: default; padding: 1em; padding-top:10px; font-weight: 400; line-height: 1.5; background: #f3f3f3; } details summary { list-style: none; padding: 6px 15px; padding-left: 1em; } details summary:focus { outline: none; } details summary:hover .summary-chevron-up svg { opacity: 1; } details .summary-chevron-up svg { opacity: 0.5; } details .summary-chevron-up { pointer-events: none; background: #e5e5f4; } details .summary-chevron-up svg { display: block; } details summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; } details .summary-chevron-up { margin-left:auto; } #downarrow{ opacity:0; } details[open] #downarrow { opacity:1; } details[open] #uparrow { opacity:0 !important; } .summaryflex{ display:flex; align-items:center; } @media screen and (max-width:480px) { .summary-title { font-size:1.25rem; } details summary { padding-left:.8em; } .summary-content { font-size:1.25rem; max-height:9999999px; } } #baguetteBox-overlay figcaption{ display:none !important; } /* potential ipad stylings with slightly enlarged fonts and consistent 810px default content width */ @media only screen and (min-width: 481px) and (max-width:1367px) { :root{ --responsive--aligndefault-width: min(calc(100vw - 8 * var(--global--spacing-horizontal)), 800px); } .wp-block-group p { font-size:1.5rem; line-height:1.5; } .wp-block-group h3{ font-size:1.55rem; } .wp-block-group h5{ font-size:1.9rem; } .single-post .wp-block-columns { margin-top: 35px; margin-bottom: 30px; } figcaption { padding-left:2rem; padding-right:2rem; } } .aligncolumnstraight{ margin-top:-5px !important; } .gradientheader { background: #d9d9ed; padding: 1.5rem 1rem; border-left: solid 15px rgba(0,0,0,.9); border-radius: 0 20px 20px 0; padding-left: 1.5rem; margin-top:50px !important; } @media screen and (min-width:480px){ /* .alexalignleft { margin-left: calc((var(--responsive--alignwide-width) - var(--responsive--aligndefault-width) - 64px) / 2) !important; } */ .textonimagez { margin-left: calc((var(--responsive--alignwide-width) - var(--responsive--aligndefault-width) - 64px) / 2) !important; position:relative; width:fit-content; } .textonimagez h4{ position:absolute; bottom:0; right:0; color:white; background:rgba(0,0,0,.5); font-size:2rem; padding:1rem; padding-top:.5rem; } .textonimagez figure{ margin-bottom:0 !important; margin-top:0 !important; } } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ .textonimagez { position:relative; padding:0 !important; max-width:100vw !important; width: 100vw !important; position: relative; left: 50%; right: 50%; margin-left: -50vw !important; margin-right: -50vw !important; } .textonimagez h4{ position:absolute; bottom:0; right:0; color:white; background:rgba(0,0,0,.4); font-size:1.7rem; padding:.5rem; padding-top:.3rem; padding-right:.7rem; padding-bottom:.3rem; } .textonimagez figure{ margin-bottom:0 !important; margin-top:0 !important; max-width:unset !important; } } /* @media screen and (max-width:480px){ .textonimagez { position:relative; width:100%; padding:0 !important; } .textonimagez h4{ position:absolute; bottom:0; right:0; color:white; background:rgba(0,0,0,.5); font-size:1.3rem; padding:.5rem; padding-top:.3rem; } .textonimagez figure{ margin-bottom:0 !important; margin-top:0 !important; } } */ /* this is a min-height for interview titles that are only 1 line high*/ .uagb-post__title{ min-height: 2.534em; } .single-post b, .single-post strong { font-weight: 600; } @media screen and (min-width:481px){ .valkenblock p{ font-size:1.3rem !important; margin-left:-20px !important; } } /* ipad front page */ @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:1367px){ .home .wp-block-columns p { font-size: 1.4rem; }} @media screen and (min-width:481px){ .smalltube{ width:55% !important; }} @media screen and (min-width:481px){ .wp-block-video.smalltube2 { width:55%; }} @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:1200px) { .smalltube{ width:75% !important; }} @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:1200px) { .wp-block-video.smalltube2 { width:75%; }} @media screen and (min-width:481px){ .cavemenu{ background: #fef2f2; padding: 1rem 2.5rem; border-radius: 4px; border: solid black 2px; } .cavemenu a{ text-decoration:none; } .cavemenu a:hover{ text-decoration:underline; } } #junyainoue, #manabunamiki, #takashiichimura, #hiroyukitanaka, #shinobuyagawa, #hidekinomura, #akirawakabayashi, #tsunekiikeda, #cavefacts { scroll-margin-top:3rem; } #makotoasada { scroll-margin-top:5rem; } figure.wp-block-gallery{ width:50%; } .post .blocks-gallery-item { margin-right: 0 !important; margin-bottom:0 !important; } /* .wp-block-gallery { flex-direction: column; flex-wrap:nowrap; } */ .wp-block-gallery .wp-block-image { margin-bottom: 0 !important; } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ .post figure.wp-block-gallery{ width:unset !important;} .post .blocks-gallery-grid{ flex-wrap:nowrap; } } /* for stacking images vertically; applies to upper image */ @media screen and (min-width:481px){ .twovertical { margin-bottom:-30px !important; } } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ .twovertical { margin-bottom:-20px !important; border-bottom:solid 7px gray; } } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ .taglyfe{ color:transparent; background-color: lightgrey !important; margin-bottom: 0 !important; line-height: 1.2; display: flex; font-size: 100%; padding-left: 0; padding-right: 0; overflow: scroll; scrollbar-width: none; padding-bottom: 0; padding-top:0; border-bottom: grey 3.5px solid; white-space:nowrap; } .tagsandsns .wp-block-column:first-child { order: 2; } .wp-block-uagb-social-share { border-bottom:none; } .taglyfe::-webkit-scrollbar { display: none; } .taglyfe a{ color:black !important; padding-left:15px; padding-right:15px; padding-bottom:14px; padding-top:14px; margin-left:-5px; } .taglyfe a:first-child{ margin-left:0; } .taglyfe a:nth-child(odd){ background:darkgrey; } .taglyfe a:nth-child(even){ background:lightgrey; } .tagsandsns{ margin-bottom:0; } .uagb-ss__wrapper { margin-left: 2.5vw !important; margin-right: 2.5vw !important; } .wp-block-uagb-social-share{ max-width:100vw !important; } } @media screen and (min-width:480px){ .post-6590 h3:not(:first-child) { margin-bottom:-10px !important; }} h5, .h5 { letter-spacing:unset; } /* stylings for double and triple columns, see kirby for example */ @media screen and (min-width:480px){ .triplecolumn .wp-block-column{ margin-right:10px !important; margin-left:0; } .doubleimagecolumn .wp-block-column:first-child { display: flex; justify-content: flex-end; } .doubleimagecolumn .wp-block-column:not(:first-child) { margin-left: 1rem; } } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ .triplecolumn .wp-block-column figure { margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; } .wp-block-columns .wp-block-column:nth-child(2) figure{ margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; } } .mahounames { margin-top:5px !important; } .namegrid { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(400px, 1fr)); line-height:1.4; } .namegrid-item { font-weight:600; } @media screen and (min-width:480px){ .namegrid{ font-size:1.5rem; } } .gradientheader-open { background: #d9d9ed; padding: 1.5rem 1rem; border-left: solid 15px rgba(0,0,0,.9); border-radius: 0 20px 20px 0; padding-left: 1.5rem; } figure.wp-block-gallery.gallery40 { width: 40%; } figure.wp-block-gallery.gallery60 { width: 60%; } .site-info{ display:none !important; } .widget-area{ display:none; } /* LT suggest */ .uagb-post-grid .uagb-post__image img { max-width: none !important; /* object-fit: cover; */ } @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:1350px){ .navcontainer{ background-position-y: -48vw !important; } } @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:1066px){ :root{ --responsive--alignwide-width: min(calc(100vw - 6 * var(--global--spacing-horizontal)), 1240px); } } @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:1013px){ :root{ --responsive--alignwide-width: min(calc(100vw - 4 * var(--global--spacing-horizontal)), 1240px); } } @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:1112px){ .wp-block-media-text.is-image-fill .wp-block-media-text__media { min-height: 350px; } .wp-block-media-text { display: block; } .tagsandsns div:first-child { flex-basis: 70% !important; } .tagsandsns div:last-child { flex-basis: 30% !important; } .wp-block-media-text__content{ padding-top:20px !important; padding-bottom:25px !important; } .wp-block-media-text__media { border-radius: 24px 24px 0 0; } } @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:1002px){ body.single-post { --responsive--alignwide-width: 100%; --responsive--aligndefault-width: 800px; } .wp-block-media-text__media { border-radius: 0 !important; } } @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-height:760px){ .navcontainer { height:80px !important; } .titlelogo { font-size:37px !important; } .logoicon img { width: 65px !important; } .wp-block-media-text{ margin-top:20px; } } @media screen and (min-width:481px){ .tagsandsns { flex-wrap:nowrap; } .wp-block-columns .wp-block-column:not(:last-child) { margin-bottom: 0; } } @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:829px){ html { font-size: .9rem} .wp-block-column .wp-block-image figure{ max-width:33vw; } /* .wp-block-columns .wp-block-column{ flex-basis:unset !important; } */ .wp-block-columns{ flex-wrap:nowrap; } } /* at this point, the 800px content area needs to be switched over to "cell phone" centered stylings */ @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:729px){ html { font-size: .9rem} .wp-block-column .wp-block-image figure{ max-width:100%; } /* .wp-block-columns .wp-block-column{ flex-basis:unset !important; } */ .wp-block-columns{ flex-wrap:nowrap; } .leftimageplustext .wp-block-column:not(:first-child) { margin-left: 0; } .rightimageplustext .wp-block-column:last-child { margin-left:0; } .wp-block-image .alignleft{ margin-bottom:35px; } .wp-block-group__inner-container .wp-block-columns{ flex-direction:column; } .wp-block-group__inner-container .wp-block-column { align-self:center; } .rightimageplustext .wp-block-column .wp-block-image figure { margin-top: 30px; margin-bottom: -5px; } } @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:970px){ .logoicon img { display: none !important; } } /*front page carousel sizings*/ @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:1340px){ .uagb-post__title{ font-size:1.4rem !important; } } @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:1277px){ .uagb-post__title{ font-size:1.3rem !important; } } @media screen and (min-width:481px) and (max-width:1214px){ .uagb-post__title{ font-size:1.5rem !important; } } .twotubes .wp-block-embed__wrapper iframe { max-height:100% !important; } .twotubes .wp-block-embed__wrapper { flex-basis:50% !important; } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ .twotubes { flex-direction:column; gap:5px; } } /* comments */ #comments { background: #efefff; color: black; padding: 3rem; padding-top: 2rem; margin-top: 30px; margin-bottom: 0; max-width: calc((var(--responsive--alignwide-width)) - 15vw); border: double black 7px; } .post { margin-bottom:30px; } .comments-title, .comment-reply-title { font-size: 2rem; } .post-navigation{ display:none; } #comments a{ color:black; } #comment, #author, #email, #url { background: rgba(27, 27, 27, 0.9); color:white; border:double white 5px; } #comment:focus{ color:white; } #submit { background-color: #1d1d1d; color:white; } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ #comments { padding:1.5rem; max-width: calc((var(--responsive--alignwide-width)) - 0vw); } .comments-area.show-avatars .comment-metadata { padding-top:0; } } /* commissions page*/ #post-12307 .wp-block-gallery{ width:80%; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; } @media screen and (max-width:1150px){ #post-12307 .wp-block-gallery{ width:100%; } } #post-12307 figcaption{ color:white !important; font-size:1rem !important; line-height:1.3 !important; } #post-12307 .wp-block-columns{ border:double 10px black; } #post-12307 .blocks-gallery-item figure img { border-radius:8px; } #post-12307 .blocks-gallery-item figcaption { border-radius:8px; } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ #post-12307 .wp-block-columns { padding:calc(0.666 * var(--global--spacing-vertical)); border:none; } #post-12307 .wp-block-gallery{ width:100%; } #post-12307 .wp-block-gallery .blocks-gallery-item{ width:90%; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; } #post-12307 .blocks-gallery-grid{ display:block; } } /* Archive Responsive Font-sizing hackz*/ @media screen and (min-width:1666px) and (max-width:1768px){ .uagb-post__title a { font-size: 1.35rem !important; } } @media screen and (min-width:1214px) and (max-width:1323px){ .uagb-post__title a { font-size: 1.35rem !important; } } @media screen and (min-width:767px) and (max-width:887px){ .uagb-post__title a { font-size: 1.35rem !important; } } .home strong { font-weight:600; } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ .uagb-post__inner-wrap{ padding-bottom:15px !important; } } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ p { max-height:999999px !important; }} @media screen and (max-width:480px){ .mobilenamehide{display:none;} .namegrid {display:block;} } @media (min-width:600px) and (max-width:781px) { .wp-block-column:not(:only-child) { flex-basis: unset !important; flex-grow: 0; } .wp-block-columns:not(.is-not-stacked-on-mobile) > .wp-block-column:not(:only-child) { flex-basis: unset !important; flex-grow: 0; } } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ html,body,body h3,h5 { text-size-adjust: none !important; -webkit-text-size-adjust: none !important; -ms-text-size-adjust: none !important; -moz-text-size-adjust: none !important; } h3,.h3{ max-height:999999px; } figcaption.blocks-gallery-caption { max-height:99999px; font-size:1.125rem !important; } } .wp-block-gallery .wp-block-image:first-child{ margin-right:0 !important; } @media screen and (min-width:480px){ .wp-block-columns:not(.is-not-stacked-on-mobile) > .wp-block-column:not(:first-child) { margin-left: 2.25rem; }} @media screen and (max-width:480px){ .threehorimobile figure { flex-basis:33%; } } @media screen and (max-width:480px){ .wp-block-video figcaption { max-height:999999px !important; font-size:18px !important; } } .tagsandsns{ gap:0 !important; } .wp-block-gallery { display: flex; flex-direction: row; flex-wrap: wrap; justify-content: flex-start; gap: 0 !important; } .blocks-gallery-grid{ flex-grow:1; } </style> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-6108 single-format-standard custom-background wp-embed-responsive is-dark-theme no-js singular"> <div id="page" class="site"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content">Skip to content</a> <header id="masthead" class="site-header"> <div class="site-branding"> <p class="screen-reader-text"><a href="https://shmuplations.com/">shmuplations.com</a></p> </div> </header> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <div id="primary" class="content-area"> <main id="main" class="site-main"> <article id="post-6108" class="post-6108 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-uncategorized tag-sega tag-yoji-ishii tag-fantasy-zone tag-1426 entry"> <header class="entry-header alignwide"> <h1 class="entry-title">Fantasy Zone – 2014 Developer Interview</h1> <figure class="post-thumbnail"> <img width="570" height="350" src="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fzone200.jpg" class="attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fzone200.jpg 570w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fzone200-300x184.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px" style="width:100%;height:61.4%;max-width:570px;" /> </figure> </header> <div class="entry-content"> <style> #alexmenu{ background:rgba(0,0,0,.3); padding: 10px 0; border-radius: 30px; } #masthead-wrapper{ display:none; } div.entry-content{ margin-top:113px; } .alexnav { position:fixed; top:0; left:0; right:0; width:100% !important; max-width:100% !important; margin-top:0px; z-index:1; } .navcontainer { height:92px; background-image: url("https://shmuplations.com/irem-larger3.jpg"); background-repeat:no-repeat; background-size:cover; background-position-y:-800px; /* border-top:black solid 1px; */ display:flex; box-shadow:0px 3px 6px black; transition: transform .4s, padding .4s; padding: 10px 0; box-sizing:content-box; } .alexmenucontainer{ margin-left:auto; padding-right:2rem; align-self:center; } #alexmenu { display:flex; list-style:none; margin-right:-.3125rem; } .titlelogo { align-self:center; margin-left:20px; font-size:40px; font-weight:1000; -webkit-text-fill-color:#f4cbff; font-family:Helvetica; text-shadow:2px 2px black; } .logoicon img{ display:block; border-radius:50%; border:solid white 1px; width:75px; background:rgb(101, 101, 101, .6); } .logoicon { margin-left:30px; filter: drop-shadow(0px 0px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.5)); align-self:center; } #alexmenu li{ position:relative; width:inherit; 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window.onload = function() { var divs = document.getElementsByClassName('taglyfe'); var acc = divs[0].getElementsByTagName('a'); var ii; for (ii = 0; ii < acc.length; ii++) { acc[ii].addEventListener("click", function() { localStorage.setItem("searchtag", this.innerHTML); }); acc[ii].addEventListener("contextmenu", function() { localStorage.setItem("searchtag", this.innerHTML); }); } }; </script> <div class="wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile is-vertically-aligned-center is-image-fill is-style-default has-black-color has-text-color has-background" style="background-color:#efefff"><figure class="wp-block-media-text__media" style="background-image:url(https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fzone200.jpg);background-position:50% 50%"><img decoding="async" width="570" height="350" src="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fzone200.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-6098 size-full" srcset="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fzone200.jpg 570w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fzone200-300x184.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 570px) 100vw, 570px" /></figure><div class="wp-block-media-text__content"> <h4 class="wp-block-heading">Fantasy Zone – 2014 Developer Interview</h4> <p style="line-height:1.7"><em><em>Yoji Ishii is one of the luminaries of Sega history, designing and directing early arcade titles like Flicky and Fantasy Zone before moving into a producer role Ristar, Panzer Dragoon, and others. In this interview from STG Gameside, he gives a detailed account of Fantasy Zone's creation and offers a unique view of Sega in the mid-80s: years before the Megadrive, still struggling to compete in the arcade market.</em></em></p> </div></div> <div class="wp-block-columns alignwide tagsandsns"> <div class="wp-block-column" style="flex-basis:80%"><div style="background-color:#d9d9ed;" class="has-text-color has-black-color has-background alignwide taglyfe wp-block-post-terms wp-elements-b026fa27a45936b04b62835189c01233"><a href="https://shmuplations.com/archive/">Sega</a> | <a href="https://shmuplations.com/archive/">Yoji Ishii</a> | <a href="https://shmuplations.com/archive/">Fantasy Zone</a></div></div> <div class="wp-block-column tagsandsns-column2" style="flex-basis:20%"> <div class="wp-block-uagb-social-share uagb-social-share__outer-wrap uagb-social-share__layout-horizontal uagb-block-2f569cf8 alignwide"><div class="uagb-social-share__wrap"> <div 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style="background-color:#efefff;padding-right:2rem;padding-left:2rem"><div class="wp-block-group__inner-container"> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—How were the plans for Fantasy Zone born?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Konami had just come out with Gradius, which was an explosive hit. My boss told me to “make us a Gradius Killer!” At the time, Sega didn’t have any strong STGs. We had released <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hang-On" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Hang-On</a> not long before, so we had <em>taikan</em><a href="#footnote-1-6108" id="note-1-6108" rel="footnote">1</a> arcade games, but not STGs. No doubt my boss saw the hits that other companies were putting out, and wanted to make a rival title.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Well, <a href="http://www.hardcoregaming101.net/starjacker/starjacker.htm" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Star Jacker</a> was well-liked by Sega fans, but I guess it wasn’t a major hit. Fantasy Zone used Sega’s new system 16 hardware, which was very powerful for its time. People were very impressed by what it could do.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Even though it was new, I believe it still had a limit of 128 sprites? I remember trying to think of how we could make something that could compete, graphically, with other game companies despite these technological hurdles.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Would you say that one side of game design is working backwards from the hardware capabilities like that?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>As a director you try to use the hardware to its fullest, and it was a part of my planning process too. For example, when Opa-Opa dies and explodes in a poof of fireworks, for that we found a way to double the sprite limitation from 128 to 256.</p> <div class="wp-block-columns rightimageplustext"> <div class="wp-block-column"> <p>Also, with this hardware, there was a limit to the number of sprites you could have in any horizontal row, so we couldn’t do any weapons like the Gradius laser (which extends in one straight line all the way to the edge of the screen). </p> <p>The workaround we came up with for our lasers was to use the hardware background layers and make the laser thicker. That meant we couldn’t have diagonal or reflecting lasers, though. Still, given all those limitations, we did our best to make something that, to a player, would still look cool.</p> </div> <div class="wp-block-column"> <div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="alignright size-full is-resized"><img decoding="async" src="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy01.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-6110" width="309" height="451" srcset="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy01.jpg 212w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy01-206x300.jpg 206w" sizes="(max-width: 309px) 100vw, 309px" /><figcaption>Yoji Ishii, holding a Fantasy Zone arcade flyer.</figcaption></figure></div> </div> </div> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Was the pastel color pallette of Fantasy Zone a reaction to the metallic world of Gradius?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>In the beginning, my boss told me to make a space-themed STG to rival Gradius. All the backgrounds were supposed to be in outer space, with starfields, etc. But I doubted whether players would be interested in a mere knockoff, and personally, as a creator, I wanted to make something more colorful and showy. So I told our designers to use pastel colors for a bright, cheerful presentation.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Yeah, most of the STGs up to then had a cold, metallic image.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Definitely. You had stuff like Xevious which had come out three years before. I wanted to make something bright, with a pop sensibility.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Where did Opa-Opa’s name came from?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>In Brazil when people are excited they yell out “Oopa!” One of my original ideas for Fantasy Zone was that it would all be themed around samba music. I told the other developers that the backgrounds, the music—everything should have a flashy pop style. I originally wanted the title to be “Opa-Opa” too, but due to various circumstances we changed it to Fantasy Zone.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—By making a “pop game” were you also trying to attract female players, who Sega didn’t have a strong connection with?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>We were, but contrary to its appearance, Fantasy Zone ended up being a very hard game, so I’m not sure how that worked out!</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img decoding="async" src="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy06.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-6111" width="619" height="609" srcset="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy06.jpg 500w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy06-300x295.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 619px) 100vw, 619px" /><figcaption>An advertisement for <a href="http://www.shopncsx.com/segataikangamecollection.aspx" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">miniatures</a> of several of<br>Sega’s famous taikan—”body sensation”—arcade cabinets.</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Almost all horizontal STGs have forced scrolling from left to right. In games like <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defender_%28video_game%29">Defender</a>, however, the player controls the scrolling, the screen loops infinitely, and there are fixed targets. Why did you choose this style for Fantasy Zone?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>My feeling was that if I was going to make a game, I might as well make something that hadn’t been done before. I didn’t want to make a game that people would just call an extension of Gradius; I wanted to do something completely new. I also thought it was a little boring to always have the screen advance in one direction. On top of that I had just made <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flicky">Flicky</a>, another game that has free scrolling. Basically, I just like that style. I like how you can rush forward, then turn around really quick and retreat if you need to.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—There’s some intertia in Flicky too, and it feels like you’re swinging the screen left and right. I can see the resemblance.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>The games also share certain hardware restrictions concerning the size of the stages. With Flicky, we challenged ourselves to make the stages feel like wide, expansive spaces despite the tiny memory available. I also loved Defender, which you mentioned a moment ago. And there was this Western-made game called <a href="http://segadoes.com/2014/08/15/drol/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Drol</a> that I liked, which also had free left-right scrolling.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—In Fantasy Zone, you destroy 10 enemy bases to make the boss appear. How did you come up with this system?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>I wasn’t a particularly good STG player. I hadn’t played them that much. I preferred games like Flicky where you have to collect all the birds, or dot-eater games like Pac-Man. To me, the 10 bases in Fantasy Zone were like the dots you have to eat in Pac-Man. It’s like you’re going through the stage “collecting” the bases.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—The colorful world of Fantasy Zone has 8 stages. Were those stages inspired by anything?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Not particularly. I was thinking to create something entirely new, and that meant starting from zero. The final scene, however, when you encounter your Father, was inspired by movies: we were trying to parody Star Wars.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Fantasy Zone’s shop system also made a big impact on players. Buying parts to power-up your ship… was this also done in response to Gradius?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Naturally, we started from the premise that this would be a STG with a power-up system. But something felt unnatural to me about powering-up just by touching a power-up. I thought it made more sense to have power-ups be like taking your car into an auto shop for a tune-up, and equipping it with new parts.</p> <p>Cars are one of my hobbies—I like cars and motorcycles, actually. I like the idea of buying new parts and gradually improve your vehicle. And to buy parts, you need money. For those reasons I added the shop.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy05.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-6112" width="549" height="549" srcset="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy05.jpg 600w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy05-300x300.jpg 300w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy05-150x150.jpg 150w" sizes="(max-width: 549px) 100vw, 549px" /><figcaption>Opa-opa chases after those damn coins. Art by pixiv user <a href="http://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?id=22316" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">shimusu</a>.</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—The first Dragon Quest came out that year (1986), so “shopping” in games was still a novel thing.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Nowadays buying things in games is commonplace, but at the time it was practically brand new.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—It was definitely the very first shop in a STG, and also, therefore, the very first “STG Economy”! Was it difficult finding the right prices for the items and upgrades?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>From the beginning I knew the prices should get more and more expensive as the game goes on, otherwise you’d have too much money and the difficulty level would get all screwy. But I also thought users would get mad if I did that: “what the hell, why is this so expensive now?!” Bad players wouldn’t be able to buy anything then, either. We ended up adding a lot of different purchase options. I think it came out well.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—The existence of money in the game brings out a special side of Opa-Opa’s character, too. I can’t think of another example where the main character chases around after coins like that.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Right, he gets desperate for that cash! If you don’t collect money, you can’t buy parts.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—When you kill bosses you don’t get the money automatically, but have to chase it down as it scatters around the screen. Was that supposed to be funny, like “look at Opa-Opa chase all that money!” ?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Yeah, it was. I thought players would feel chagrined if he missed some coins, and that feeling would fire them up for the next stage.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—How did you decide on the different items that would be available in the shop?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Having to manually keep tapping shot is another thing I’m not very good at in STGs. Around that time, the “16 shots in 1 second” Hudson challenge was popular. I sucked at that, so I added weapons like the laser and 7-way shot for players with slow fingers like me. I wanted to tell players “there’s more to games than quickly tapping buttons.”</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—The Smart Bomb which destroyed everything on-screen was another element distinguishing Fantasy Zone from other auto-fire STGs.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>That one takes a lot of money to buy. The 16 ton Heavy Bomb is a favorite of mine.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Everyone loves that one! What was the idea behind it, by the way?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>“16 tons” was originally an oldies song by American singer <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixteen_Tons" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Tennessee Ernie Ford</a>. It’s also a recurring gag in Monty Python, where a weight with the words “16 tons” falls down on people. That was the image I had for the item in Fantasy Zone.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy04-1024x1024.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-6113" width="520" height="520" srcset="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy04-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy04-300x300.jpg 300w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy04-150x150.jpg 150w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy04-768x768.jpg 768w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy04.jpg 1033w" sizes="(max-width: 520px) 100vw, 520px" /><figcaption>The 16 ton Heavy Bomb, a fan favorite. Art by pixiv user <a href="http://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?id=2312079" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">aaru</a>.</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Later games that followed the lead of Fantasy Zone placed their shops in a fixed location; but why was yours was floating from a balloon?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>There probably was a reason, but I’ve forgotten it. It’s probably because it would be too easy if the shop were in a fixed location.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—The bosses in Fantasy Zone are really nicely done.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Yeah, they are. Throughout the development I kept telling the team two things: first, to make this a STG that anyone could clear. And second was “this is a boss game.” I wanted the game to be balanced such that anyone could beat the 10 bases, but the real challenge lies in fighting all the different bosses. Since beating the bosses was the fun thing about Fantasy Zone, I called it a “boss game.” I too am really proud of how many cool bosses there are.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Yeah, including the last boss, there are 8 bosses, and they all have different attack patterns and ways to beat them. Did you figure out the stages first, and then extrapolate from there to design each boss’ features?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>That’s how we did it. First we designed the statges, and then thought up a boss to match it. Making the bosses also gave us some ideas for shop items, like “this weapon would work well on this boss.”</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—So that explains why each boss has a weapon that works particularly well on them. Crabunga, for example, is a tough enemy, but you can decimate him with just three smart bombs.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>I had wondered if players would figure that out. If you use tricks like that, it’s an easy clear.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Then there’s the music of Fantasy Zone. I like the way the music synchronizes with the visuals after you defeat a boss, and the way it speeds up when you’re almost out of time.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>The music was done by Hiroshi Kawaguchi, so of course it was excellent! I told him to do what he liked, but to give it a samba feel. He then churned out song after song for it—his energy back then was something else. He was also working on Outrun at the same time, and he was just as prolific in that game.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—In the overseas version of Fantasy Zone, the stage 5 song was updated with more melody lines. I’ve heard that was done because you ran out of time with the Japanese release, so you added it for the overseas one. Was the development period for Fantasy Zone very short?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>I don’t remember exactly, but I believe it was made in about 6 months. Before Fantasy Zone, there was another space-themed STG being developed at Sega, but the whole thing fizzled out. That one looked much more like Gradius actually. After that game failed the scheduling became tight, and management instructed us to finish our game quickly.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Were you involved in that other game?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>I was not.</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio smalltube"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"> <iframe loading="lazy" title="Fantasy Zone Superplay VHS" width="750" height="563" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/tOns4yWMjC4?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div><figcaption>An old Fantasy Zone superplay.</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—By the way, in the opening of Space Harrier it says “Welcome to the fantasy zone.” Was that intended to link the two worlds of Space Harrier and Fantasy Zone?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Space Harrier was made by the same department at Sega, but other than that, there was no direct connection. I did get to watch them as they were developing it, though.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—The atmosphere of both games feels similar, but was that something you were conscious of?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Not at all.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Fantasy Zone is a game rich in names and descriptions, but are there any secrets you can tell us about the backstory or setting?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>It was a long time ago, so there’s a lot I don’t remember. We did embed a lot of meaning in those names but I can’t recall the details now. The date “B.G 1422” had some deep meaning, I think… ok, here’s one I can remember. You know the Menons from Planet Menon, right? I’ve never told anyone this, but “Menon” is a combination of “Mebius” and “Xenon”. Why did I do that? Because when you combine them to “Menon”, the leftover characters spell Xevious!</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—I see! <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Star_Force" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Star Force</a> was another game then that payed homage to Xevious, with its separate ground and air targets. It’s interesting how Fantasy Zone was developed as a game chasing after the success of other developers, but after it was released, other developers tried to imitate Fantasy Zone! I think the huge bosses in Fantasy Zone that moved all around had a big influence on those later games.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Yeah, I had wanted to try making huge bosses. With Sega’s previous hardware, you couldn’t really move big sprites around the screen much.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Sega’s games became much better visually after the adoption of the system 16 hardware.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>That’s true. I think the hardware improved and the graphics got better after Fantasy Zone, too.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Was the boss rush in stage 8 meant to highlight those huge bosses, an encore of sorts? Like, “look how much effort went into these bosses!”</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>That I don’t remember too clearly. I do remember thinking it would be a waste to not use them again, since we had spent so much time on them. We knew the final boss would be Opa-Opa’s father, but just beating him alone wouldn’t be too satisfying, so we talked about doing a boss rush as a kind of “opening fight.” I believe there had been boss rush games before, but they weren’t Sega games.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—True, but undoubtedly Fantasy Zone is the game that popularized the idea of a “boss rush” for players. I remember that you didn’t get any coins from those boss fights either.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>By not giving them any more money to use, I was trying to make players use their heads to get through that part. In retrospect I probably could have done something different. But I had no idea there would be players who could clear multiple loops. Their skill is amazing.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy07.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-6114" width="672" height="403" srcset="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy07.jpg 480w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy07-300x180.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 672px) 100vw, 672px" /><figcaption>Xevious and Gradius, perhaps the two most popular STGs of all-time in Japan, and a major influence on most successive games.</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Just as some weapons make the boss fights easy, their are also weapons that make beating the stages and bases a breeze. The Fire Bomb, for instance… there’s one stage where you can fire it, then chase it across the whole stage, destroying every base in the process!</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Yeah, we intentionally included some easy parts in Fantasy Zone too.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—STGs are known for having ever-increasing difficulty, but I see you also created some “breather” stages too.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>We did. In some of the later rounds the bases are easy to clear, and there’s easy bosses too.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—For <a href="http://www.mobygames.com/images/shots/l/705074-fantasy-zone-sharp-x68000-screenshot-the-boss-of-pocarius.png" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">IDA-2</a>, if you have the jet engine, he’s a cinch.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>This is something I thought of during this interview today, but Fantasy Zone is now almost 30 years old. Just being able to talk about it like this makes me very happy. I’m very happy Sega was able to port it to so many different systems, too.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—The Sega Mark III (Master System) in particular was a very underpowered system, and I understand it was a huge challenge to port.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>At that time I wasn’t working in the console department, but I did meet and talk with the team, and yeah, it looked really difficult. They would ask me things like “we can’t do this boss on the hardware, would one like this be ok instead?” I believe I told them they should do whatever they wanted.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—It sounds like all the porting teams had a lot of spirit, but also a lot of respect for the original.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>I also saw a lot of determination to make something that surpassed the original (at least, at first).</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—I think <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunsoft" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Sunsoft</a> had that mentality when they made Super Fantasy Zone.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>I think it’s cool that they thought their version was better. It’s cool to see rivals appear like that.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Yeah, you saw it not only in the bosses, but in the really good music too. It was like a challenge to see how they could best the system 16 hardware despite their limited resources. I was surprised to see Fantasy Zone released on Sega’s rival console, the Famicom, too. There were versions for the MSX, PC Engine, and X68000 too… pretty much every console in Japan.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>You guys know more than me about Fantasy Zone! (laughs)</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—(looks at arcade instruction card brought by Ishii) Wow, that’s in pristine condition for its age!</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>This part here (points to the explanation for the different engines) made Sega angry. The Rocket Engine makes your ship impossibly fast, and it was a kind of joke, but we didn’t say that on the instructions. We didn’t realize that until after everything was printed and released, and man, Sega was furious. There were a lot of very serious people at Sega then.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—That’s one of the unique things about arcade games: no manual, just a single sheet of instructions.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>That was a golden age of arcade games for Sega. It was such a fun time. The entire team, designers, sound, everyone really enjoyed themselves making those games.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy02.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-6115" width="630" height="549" srcset="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy02.jpg 800w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy02-300x262.jpg 300w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy02-768x670.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px" /><figcaption>The Fantasy Zone instruction sheet that angered Sega management. The text beneath the Rocket Engine says “makes you go suuuper fast”</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Since you love cars, Ishii, were you involved in any of Sega’s driving games?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Yeah, I was involved in Outrun. After making Fantasy Zone I moved into management, though, so I did less directing then.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—So Fantasy Zone was the final arcade game you were directly involved with then?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>My role afterwards was more like a producer. Sega had a lot going on then. Hang-On was our first taikan arcade game; before that we didn’t have any good racing games either. It was also made as a “rival” title to the popularity of Namco’s <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pole_Position_%28video_game%29" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Pole Position</a>. Flicky, too, was a response to Namco’s <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mappy" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Mappy</a>. “We need to deliver a knockout punch to Mappy!” —management was giving us instructions like that. They were like that with Xevious too, really gnashing their teeth at its success. I also wondered myself why we weren’t putting out hits like that.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—But with Flicky you didn’t make something exactly like Mappy—you approached the idea from a different angle.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>The thing I didn’t like about Mappy was that you would die if you fell through the floors. I started with the design premise of “falling does not kill you”, and came up with the idea of a bird as the main character. That kind of thinking is pretty much how I made all my games.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—What an exciting time. Fireworks were going off everywhere in the industry, and companies were trying to outmanuever each other like that.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>It was fun. But I think very few people probably saw Fantasy Zone and thought it was designed to rival Gradius. Likewise, I don’t think people realized Flicky was born of Mappy, either.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—I like the piopio baby birds with the sunglasses in Flicky, they’re little rascals.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>They don’t listen to you, do they!</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—I feel like your games all have good characters.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>I wanted to do stuff that would surprise people and make them go “Huh?” Like the fact that Opa-Opa isn’t a mech, but a living organism.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Fantasy Zone was super popular in Japan, but I understand it had an uphill battle overseas.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Maybe it’s because STG itself never really took hold in America. Sega’s later action games like Shinobi and Altered Beast really took off there, though.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—After you made Fantasy Zone, what were you impressions of other companies’ sidescroller STGs?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>I thought R-Type was amazing and very good. Twinbee was really good too, and you know I like that kind of pop stuff.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—After Fantasy Zone things seemed to get more stable for Sega.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>I think Sega’s individuality really started coming out then. Hang-on, Space Harrier, Fantasy Zone, and then After Burner. People called that game “Top Gun” in the US. It was extremely popular overseas.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" src="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy03-1024x768.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-6116" width="597" height="447" srcset="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy03-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy03-300x225.jpg 300w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy03-768x576.jpg 768w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy03-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy03-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy03-1568x1176.jpg 1568w" sizes="(max-width: 597px) 100vw, 597px" /><figcaption>Opa-Opa, 3D-printed version by pixiv user <a href="http://www.pixiv.net/member_illust.php?id=132447" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">terapon</a>.</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—You formed the game development company <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artoon" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Artoon</a> after leaving Sega. You were President of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AQ_Interactive" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">AQ Interactive</a> for a time, and you recently founded <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arzest" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Arzest</a>. As someone whose entire life has been dedicated to game development, what do you feel is the most important thing for a game to have?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>There’s definitely a lot of things, hmmm. I guess the main thing is knowing what makes the player happy. More than just making the game you personally want, I think it’s important that developers make games that match what people living now find fun. This is my personal belief, but I’m also always telling my employees that too…</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—As you said, putting players first is one important perspective, but it’s also balanced by what you said earlier, about not doing the same thing as other developers with your games.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Yeah, it was true then and now: if you just try to imitate and follow others, the results won’t be interesting. If you look around at other creators and just ask, “what’s popular now?”, it’s very easy to end up copying them. As game designers, I think we have to do better than that. I’m always saying that at our company, but I admit it’s not something we always achieve. It’s not easy.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Since the games that are selling now are presumably what gamers want, it takes courage to step away from that and do something different.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>It does, but every game that has been successful has done just that. I think that’s how <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puzzle_%26_Dragons" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Puzzle & Dragons</a> succeeded too, and recently there’s <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monster_Strike" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Monster Strike</a>.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Right. Big hits don’t just follow marketing trends that show what users “objectively” want; the creators have to present a new kind of fun to players.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>I think so. Market research is extremely important for telling you what kind of things are popular right now. But creators must think a step or two beyond the prevailing trends and ask what <em>will be</em> popular, and create that. After all, what’s popular today will seem old and outdated in a mere 6-12 months.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Sega in the late 80s seemed to follow that philosophy: they weren’t just making what players were asking for. Instead they were leading players, and after playing a Sega game you felt like “oh, I had wanted to play something like this!” It was impressive.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>That positive culture at Sega in the 80s is owed to then-President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hayao_Nakayama" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Hayao Nakayama</a>. He constantly told us, “Be the first: make something the world has never seen before.” The whole staff tried to follow that philosophy.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—And Sega seemed to be in a good position, as a company, to actually do that.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Yeah. Take something like the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-360" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">R360</a> cabinet… there’s no way Sega woud take a risk like that in today’s climate. Everyone wanted to make something like that machine, but I couldn’t believe Sega actually did it. It was just amazing, the way the machine would spin in 360 degrees when you got hit. In that era of gaming, you could make crazy things like that.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="640" height="480" src="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy08.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-6117" srcset="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy08.jpg 640w, https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/fantasy08-300x225.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /><figcaption>The amazing <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-360" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">R360</a>, a pinnacle of Sega’s taikan cabinet design.</figcaption></figure> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—You can see that in the huge <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy_Force_%28video_game%29" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Galaxy Force</a> machine which came out before the R360, too. It feels like the pure desire of “I want to make this” had priority over budget and cost.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Yeah. It was like, if we make this, it’s sure to be amazing! Each developer made cabinets with their own individual style too: Taito, Namco, Konami, Capcom. The competition was very fun.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—Were you ever inspired by what you saw from other companies at exhibitions like the AM Show?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Every time! I can’t describe how fun and exciting it was, going to all the various exhibitions where companies showed their new games. Sometimes I’d think, “damn, they beat us to it!”, and other times “Hey, we can use this!”</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—It also wasn’t possible to predict what the games would be like, since game companies made their own unique hardware back then.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>That’s very true. I was often amazed, “wow, look what’s possible now!”</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—By the way, when you were developing games, if you got stuck, did you have any special techniques to get out of that rut?</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Not especially. I used to always tell myself, “there are an infinite number of ideas inside your head.” When the lead programmer would come to me and ask “What shall we do for the next boss?”, if I hadn’t thought about it yet, I would first run away. (laughs) But by the next day I’d always have some ideas. I only needed one night. I would tell myself, “you’ll never get stuck.” After all, if you think the opposite, that you will fail, then it’s a foregone conclusion that you will.</p> <h3 class="wp-block-heading">—I see. And in game development, there is no single fixed “right way” to do something.</h3> <p><strong>Ishii: </strong>Exactly. No matter what direction you go in, there’s always something interesting to be found. Every path has the possibility of success.</p> <div class="wp-block-image"><figure class="aligncenter size-full"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="571" height="46" src="https://shmuplations.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/footer-test2.gif" alt="" class="wp-image-1534"/></figure></div> <div style="height:1px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> <p><em><strong>If you've enjoyed reading this interview and would like to be able to vote each month on what I translate, please consider supporting me on <a target="_blank" href="http://www.patreon.com/shmuplations" rel="noreferrer noopener">Patreon</a>! I can't do it without your help!</strong></em></p> <div style="height:1px" aria-hidden="true" class="wp-block-spacer"></div> </div></div> <script> let box = document.querySelector('.tagsandsns'); let height = box.offsetHeight; console.log(height); if (height > 80) { document.querySelectorAll(".uagb-ss__source-wrap svg").forEach(function(element) { element.style.width = "50px"; element.style.height = "50px"; }); document.querySelectorAll(".uagb-social-share__wrap").forEach(function(element) { element.style.marginRight = "11px"; }); document.querySelectorAll(".uagb-ss__wrapper").forEach(function(element) { element.style.marginRight = "17.5px"; }); } </script> <div class="footnotes"><hr /><ol><li id="footnote-1-6108" class="footnote"><p>Taikan literally means “body sensation” and refers to a large arcade cabinet that involves more than just a joystick and buttons. Sega popularized the term (and innovated the design) with huge cockpit cabinets like Space Harrier, Afterburner, Thunder Blade, etc.<a href="#note-1-6108" class="footnote-return">↩</a></p></li></ol></div> </div> <footer class="entry-footer default-max-width"> <div class="posted-by"><span class="posted-on">Published <time class="entry-date published updated" datetime="2021-12-25T05:37:18+00:00">December 25, 2021</time></span><span class="byline">By <a href="https://shmuplations.com/author/shmuplations/" rel="author">shmuplations</a></span></div><div class="post-taxonomies"><span class="cat-links">Categorized as <a href="https://shmuplations.com/category/uncategorized/" rel="category tag">Uncategorized</a> </span><span class="tags-links">Tagged <a href="https://shmuplations.com/archive/?/sega/" rel="tag">Sega</a>, <a href="https://shmuplations.com/archive/?/yoji-ishii/" rel="tag">Yoji Ishii</a>, <a href="https://shmuplations.com/archive/?/fantasy-zone/" rel="tag">Fantasy Zone</a>, <a 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