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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigazione </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pagina_principale" title="Visita la pagina principale [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Pagina principale</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:UltimeModifiche" title="Elenco delle ultime modifiche del sito [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Ultime modifiche</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:PaginaCasuale" title="Mostra una pagina a caso [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Una voce a caso</span></a></li><li id="n-nearby-pages-title" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:NelleVicinanze"><span>Nelle vicinanze</span></a></li><li id="n-vetrina" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Vetrina"><span>Vetrina</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Aiuto" title="Pagine di aiuto"><span>Aiuto</span></a></li><li id="n-Sportello-informazioni" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Sportello_informazioni"><span>Sportello informazioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Comunità" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Comunità" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Comunità </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portale:Comunit%C3%A0" title="Descrizione del progetto, cosa puoi fare, dove trovare le cose"><span>Portale Comunità</span></a></li><li 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dimensione, la larghezza e il colore del testo" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aspetto" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aspetto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_it.wikipedia.org&uselang=it" class=""><span>Fai una donazione</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:CreaUtenza&returnto=Metafora" title="Si consiglia di registrarsi e di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio" class=""><span>registrati</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciale:Entra&returnto=Metafora" title="Si consiglia di effettuare l'accesso, anche se non è obbligatorio [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>entra</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Altre opzioni" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Strumenti personali" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Strumenti personali</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" 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accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>entra</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pagine per utenti anonimi <a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Benvenuto" aria-label="Ulteriori informazioni sulla contribuzione"><span>ulteriori informazioni</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieiContributi" title="Un elenco delle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>contributi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciale:MieDiscussioni" title="Discussioni sulle modifiche fatte da questo indirizzo IP [n]" accesskey="n"><span>discussioni</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Sito"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Indice" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Indice</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inizio</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Esempi_storici" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Esempi_storici"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Esempi storici</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Esempi_storici-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Descrizione" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Descrizione"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Descrizione</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Descrizione-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Differenze_con_altre_figure_retoriche" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Differenze_con_altre_figure_retoriche"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Differenze con altre figure retoriche</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Differenze_con_altre_figure_retoriche-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bibliografia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voci_correlate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voci_correlate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Voci correlate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voci_correlate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Altri_progetti" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Altri_progetti"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Altri progetti</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Altri_progetti-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collegamenti_esterni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Collegamenti esterni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collegamenti_esterni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Indice" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mostra/Nascondi l'indice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Mostra/Nascondi l'indice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Metafora</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vai a una voce in un'altra lingua. Disponibile in 88 lingue" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-88" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">88 lingue</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafoor" title="Metafoor - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Metafoor" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="استعارة - arabo" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="استعارة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Met%C3%A1fora" title="Metáfora - asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Metáfora" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - azerbaigiano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaigiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Метафора - baschiro" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Метафора" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="baschiro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Метафара - bielorusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Метафара" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Мэтафара - Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мэтафара" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Метафора - bulgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Метафора" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%95" title="রূপক - bengalese" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রূপক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Met%C3%A0fora" title="Metàfora - catalano" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Metàfora" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - ceco" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ceco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaf%C3%B2ra" title="Metafòra - kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Metafòra" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trosiad" title="Trosiad - gallese" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Trosiad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafor" title="Metafor - danese" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Metafor" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metapher" title="Metapher - tedesco" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Metapher" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tedesco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AC_(%CF%83%CF%87%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CE%BB%CF%8C%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%85)" title="Μεταφορά (σχήμα λόγου) - greco" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μεταφορά (σχήμα λόγου)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphor" title="Metaphor - inglese" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Metaphor" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaforo" title="Metaforo - esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Metaforo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Met%C3%A1fora" title="Metáfora - spagnolo" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Metáfora" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spagnolo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafoor" title="Metafoor - estone" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Metafoor" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87" title="استعاره - persiano" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="استعاره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - finlandese" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9taphore" title="Métaphore - francese" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Métaphore" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafoar" title="Metafoar - frisone occidentale" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Metafoar" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frisone occidentale" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meafar" title="Meafar - irlandese" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Meafar" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9A%B1%E5%96%BB" title="隱喻 - gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="隱喻" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Met%C3%A1fora" title="Metáfora - galiziano" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Metáfora" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiziano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%98%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94" title="מטפורה - ebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מטפורה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0" title="रूपक अलंकार - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रूपक अलंकार" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - croato" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - ungherese" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungherese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%B8%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Փոխաբերություն - armeno" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Փոխաբերություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%B8%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Փոխաբերութիւն - Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Փոխաբերութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - indonesiano" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaforo" title="Metaforo - ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Metaforo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myndhverfing" title="Myndhverfing - islandese" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Myndhverfing" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%82%BF%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%BC" title="メタファー - giapponese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メタファー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="giapponese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - giavanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="giavanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90" title="მეტაფორა - georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მეტაფორა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Метафора - kazako" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Метафора" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazako" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%80%EC%9C%A0" title="은유 - coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="은유" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Метафора - kirghiso" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Метафора" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kirghiso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphora" title="Metaphora - latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Metaphora" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - lituano" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - lettone" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="lettone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Метафорась - moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Метафорась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Метафора - macedone" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Метафора" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedone" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafoor" title="Metafoor - olandese" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Metafoor" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="olandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafor" title="Metafor - norvegese nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Metafor" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegese nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafor" title="Metafor - norvegese bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Metafor" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegese bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaf%C3%B2ra" title="Metafòra - occitano" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Metafòra" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਰੂਪਕ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ - punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰੂਪਕ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pahiwatig" title="Pahiwatig - pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Pahiwatig" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - polacco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%81" title="استعارہ - Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="استعارہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Met%C3%A1fora" title="Metáfora - portoghese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Metáfora" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portoghese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafor%C4%83" title="Metaforă - rumeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Metaforă" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Метафора - russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Метафора" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Метафора - ruteno" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Метафора" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruteno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%83" title="रूपकालङ्कारः - sanscrito" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="रूपकालङ्कारः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="sanscrito" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Метафора - sacha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Метафора" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="sacha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mit%C3%A0fura" title="Mitàfura - siciliano" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Mitàfura" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88" title="استعارو - sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="استعارو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - serbo-croato" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croato" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metaphor" title="Metaphor - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Metaphor" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - slovacco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - sloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="sloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - albanese" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafora" title="Metafora - serbo" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Metafora" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metafor" title="Metafor - svedese" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Metafor" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="svedese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitiari" title="Sitiari - swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Sitiari" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%BF" title="உருவக அணி - tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="உருவக அணி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Истиора - tagico" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Истиора" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tagico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%93%E0%B9%8C" title="อุปลักษณ์ - thailandese" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อุปลักษณ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecaz" title="Mecaz - turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mecaz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Метафора - tataro" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Метафора" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tataro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Метафора - ucraino" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Метафора" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%81" title="استعارہ - urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="استعارہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istiora" title="Istiora - uzbeco" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Istiora" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BA%A8n_d%E1%BB%A5" title="Ẩn dụ - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Ẩn dụ" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metapora" title="Metapora - waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Metapora" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9A%90%E5%96%BB" title="隐喻 - wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="隐喻" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A2%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8" title="מעטאפאר - yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מעטאפאר" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9A%90%E5%96%BB" title="隐喻 - cinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="隐喻" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="cinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80m-j%C5%AB" title="Àm-jū - min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Àm-jū" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9A%B1%E5%96%BB" title="隱喻 - cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="隱喻" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isingathekiso" title="Isingathekiso - zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Isingathekiso" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q18534#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica collegamenti interlinguistici" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica collegamenti</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespace"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspetto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">sposta nella barra laterale</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">nascondi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Da Wikipedia, l'enciclopedia libera.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="it" dir="ltr"><p>La <b>metafora</b> (dal greco μεταφορά, da <i>metaphérō</i>, «io trasporto») in <a href="/wiki/Linguistica" title="Linguistica">linguistica</a> è un <a href="/wiki/Tropo_(retorica)" title="Tropo (retorica)">tropo</a>, ovvero una <a href="/wiki/Figura_retorica" title="Figura retorica">figura retorica</a> che si basa su una <a href="/wiki/Similitudine_(figura_retorica)" title="Similitudine (figura retorica)">similitudine</a> per <a href="/wiki/Analogia_(retorica)" title="Analogia (retorica)">analogia</a> ed in base alla quale un <a href="/wiki/Vocabolo" class="mw-redirect" title="Vocabolo">vocabolo</a> o una <a href="/wiki/Locuzione" title="Locuzione">locuzione</a> sono utilizzati per esprimere un concetto diverso da quello che normalmente significano.<sup id="cite_ref-Treccani_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Treccani-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Si ha quando, al termine che normalmente occuperebbe il posto nella frase, se ne sostituisce un altro la cui "essenza" o funzione va a sovrapporsi a quella del termine originario creando, così, immagini di forte carica espressiva.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Esempi_storici">Esempi storici</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la sezione Esempi storici" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Esempi storici"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Aristotele, nella <i><a href="/wiki/Poetica" title="Poetica">Poetica</a></i>, definisce la metafora "trasferimento a una cosa di un nome proprio di un'altra o dal genere alla specie o dalla specie al genere o dalla specie alla specie o per analogia". Fa poi i seguenti esempi: esempio di metafora dal genere alla specie, "ecco che la mia nave si è fermata", giacché "ormeggiarsi" è un certo "fermarsi"; dalla specie al genere, "e invero Odisseo ha compiuto mille e mille gloriose imprese", giacché "mille" è "molto" e Omero se ne vale invece di dire "molte"; da specie a specie, "con il bronzo attingendo la vita" e "con l'acuminato bronzo tagliando", giacché là il poeta chiama "attingere" il "recidere", mentre nel secondo caso chiama "recidere" l'"attingere", perché ambedue i verbi rientrano nel toglier via qualcosa"… (1457b). </p><p>Nel <i><a href="/wiki/Canzoniere" title="Canzoniere">Canzoniere</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Petrarca" title="Francesco Petrarca">Francesco Petrarca</a> scrive «Erano i capei d'oro a l'aura sparsi». Questo verso letteralmente significa "erano i capelli d'oro sparsi, cioè sciolti, al vento". I capelli in questione sono quelli di Laura, la donna amata da Petrarca che qui è evocata attraverso un particolare gioco di suono perché se anziché leggere "a l'aura" leggessi "a Laura", i capelli d'oro, anziché essere sciolti al vento sarebbero sciolti a Laura. Quindi è chiaro che Petrarca ha usato questa espressione proprio per creare questa ambiguità, questo doppio significato possibile, anche perché al tempo di Petrarca l'apostrofo non si adoperava e la scrittura era continua quindi davvero non sappiamo se l'aura significasse Laura. Ora però dobbiamo analizzare i capelli che non possono essere d'oro. I capelli sono biondi, o al massimo potremmo aggiungere che sono biondi come l'oro. Per metafora l'espressione "d'oro" passa a significare biondi. Questo passaggio avviene attraverso il riferimento silenzioso ed implicito ad un termine medio comune a tutti e due i significati. Quindi dobbiamo analizzare cos'hanno in comune l'oro e il biondo e cioè il colore giallo, ed è proprio questo termine che consente la metafora cioè il passaggio da una parola all'altra. Il passaggio di significato applicato silenziosamente ed implicitamente da Petrarca è questo: i capelli di Laura sono biondi, il biondo ha in comune l'oro e il giallo e allora io posso dire che i capelli di Laura sono come l'oro anzi potremmo dire che sono l'oro. Dunque possiamo dire che la metafora è una similitudine senza il come. </p><p>Un altro esempio è un verso della poesia <i><a href="/wiki/X_agosto" title="X agosto">X agosto</a></i> di Giovanni Pascoli che dice «Anche un uomo tornava al suo nido». Un uomo non può tornare al nido ma è molto evidente che qui nido è una metafora per casa. La casa e il nido hanno in comune il fatto di essere dei luoghi che proteggono, insomma la casa per gli uomini è come un nido che protegge. Anzi eliminiamo il come, la casa è un nido che protegge. </p><p>La metafora ebbe grande fortuna nel <a href="/wiki/XVI_secolo" title="XVI secolo">XVI secolo</a>, nella <a href="/wiki/Barocco" title="Barocco">cultura</a> e più specificamente nella <a href="/wiki/Letteratura_barocca" title="Letteratura barocca">letteratura barocca</a> (l'arte parte dalla natura, ma la trasfigura). Particolare è la metafora del <a href="/wiki/Decadentismo" title="Decadentismo">decadentismo</a>, la quale non si sovrappone al termine, ma ha la funzione di sostituirlo con un altro, di significato differente. Tra i più grandi teorici della metafora poetica in <a href="/wiki/Et%C3%A0_contemporanea" title="Età contemporanea">età contemporanea</a> si ricordano <a href="/wiki/Harald_Weinrich" title="Harald Weinrich">Harald Weinrich</a> e <a href="/wiki/Paul_Ric%C5%93ur" title="Paul Ricœur">Paul Ricœur</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Descrizione">Descrizione</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la sezione Descrizione" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Descrizione"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La metafora in genere si basa sulla esistenza di un rapporto di somiglianza tra il termine di partenza e il termine metaforico, ma il potere evocativo e comunicativo della metafora è tanto maggiore quanto più i termini di cui è composta sono lontani nel <a href="/wiki/Campo_semantico" title="Campo semantico">campo semantico</a>. Nella <a href="/wiki/Linguistica_cognitiva" title="Linguistica cognitiva">linguistica cognitiva</a>, la <a href="/wiki/Metafora_concettuale" title="Metafora concettuale">metafora concettuale</a> è definita come la comprensione di un dominio concettuale nei termini di un altro, per esempio l'esperienza di vita di una persona nei confronti dell'esperienza di un'altra persona. </p><p>Le metafore sono usate tanto nella lingua quotidiana (e sono dette, in questo caso, <a href="/wiki/Catacresi" title="Catacresi">catacresi</a>) quanto in quella poetica. Nella lingua poetica, la distanza tra espressione letterale e senso figurato può essere piccola ("capelli d'oro" per "capelli biondi come l'oro") e permettere quindi una facile decodifica o invece ampia, di modo che la metafora risulta più difficile da interpretare, ad esempio, in <a href="/wiki/Dante" class="mw-redirect" title="Dante">Dante</a>, "fonte ond'ogne ver deriva", cioè 'fonte da cui deriva ogni cosa vera', metafora per <a href="/wiki/Dio" title="Dio">Dio</a>. Le metafore sono inoltre frequentissime in poesia, ma non sono presenti solo nei testi poetici. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Differenze_con_altre_figure_retoriche">Differenze con altre figure retoriche</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la sezione Differenze con altre figure retoriche" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Differenze con altre figure retoriche"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La metafora è diversa dalla <a href="/wiki/Metonimia" title="Metonimia">metonimia</a>, perché questa associa due cose simili, mentre la prima mette in relazione, spesso facendole stridere, due cose diverse. La metafora si distingue anche dall'<a href="/wiki/Allegoria" title="Allegoria">allegoria</a>, perché quest'ultima rimanda soprattutto a un piano concettuale, o a un'idea, mentre la metafora si riferisce per lo più a una relazione fra due cose o fra due nomi. L'allegoria è stata anche definita come "metafora continuata", attribuendo con tale definizione alla metafora un riferimento immediato e all'allegoria uno sviluppo narrativo. </p><p>Differisce dalla <a href="/wiki/Similitudine_(figura_retorica)" title="Similitudine (figura retorica)">similitudine retorica</a> per l'assenza di avverbi di paragone o locuzioni avverbiali ("come") e per questo è anche detta "similitudine abbreviata". È tradizionalmente annoverata tra le figure di significato. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifica la sezione Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Treccani-1"><a href="#cite_ref-Treccani_1-0"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/vocabolario/metafora/">Treccani.it - Vocabolario on line</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2"><b>^</b></a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.grandidizionari.it/Dizionario_Italiano/parola/M/metafora.aspx?query=metafora">www.grandidizionari.it - Dizionario italiano HOEPLI</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografia">Bibliografia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifica la sezione Bibliografia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Bibliografia"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ezio_Raimondi" title="Ezio Raimondi">Ezio Raimondi</a>, <i>Metafora e storia: studi su Dante e Petrarca</i>, Torino: Einaudi, 1970.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Conte_(scrittore)" title="Giuseppe Conte (scrittore)">Giuseppe Conte</a>, <i>La metafora barocca: saggio sulle poetiche del Seicento</i>, Milano: U. Mursia, 1972.</li> <li>Albert Henry, <i>Metonimia e metafora</i> (1971), Torino: Einaudi, 1979</li> <li>Ada Fonzi e Elena Negro Sancipriano, <i>La magia delle parole: alla riscoperta della metafora</i>, Torino: Einaudi, 1975.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harald_Weinrich" title="Harald Weinrich">Harald Weinrich</a>, <i>Metafora e menzogna: la serenità dell'arte</i>, Bologna: Il Mulino, 1976.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Ric%C5%93ur" title="Paul Ricœur">Paul Ricœur</a>, <i>La metafora viva: dalla retorica alla poetica: per un linguaggio di rivelazione</i>, Milano: Jaca Book, 1976.</li> <li>Aureliano Pacciolla, <i>La comunicazione metaforica: il linguaggio analogico in psicoterapia</i>, Roma: Borla, 1991.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umberto_Eco" title="Umberto Eco">Umberto Eco</a>, <i>Metafora</i>, in <a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Einaudi" title="Enciclopedia Einaudi">Enciclopedia Einaudi</a>, vol. IX, Torino: Einaudi, 1980, pp. 191–236.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcello_Sorce_Keller" title="Marcello Sorce Keller">Marcello Sorce Keller</a>, <i>L'orchestra come metafora: riflessioni (anche un po' divaganti) a partire da Gino Bartali</i>. <i>Musica/Realtà</i>, luglio 2010, no. 92, pp. 67–88.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefano_Jossa" title="Stefano Jossa">Stefano Jossa</a>, <i>Metafora</i>, in "Metaphorica", I (2021), 1.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voci_correlate">Voci correlate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifica la sezione Voci correlate" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Voci correlate"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegoria" title="Allegoria">Allegoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Analogia_(retorica)" title="Analogia (retorica)">Analogia (retorica)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catacresi" title="Catacresi">Catacresi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Figura_retorica" title="Figura retorica">Figura retorica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metafora_concettuale" title="Metafora concettuale">Metafora concettuale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metasemema" title="Metasemema">Metasemema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parabola_(letteratura)" title="Parabola (letteratura)">Parabola (letteratura)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sillogismo" title="Sillogismo">Sillogismo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tropo_(retorica)" title="Tropo (retorica)">Tropo (retorica)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Altri_progetti">Altri progetti</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifica la sezione Altri progetti" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Altri progetti"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div id="interProject" class="toccolours" style="display: none; clear: both; margin-top: 2em"><p id="sisterProjects" style="background-color: #efefef; color: black; font-weight: bold; margin: 0"><span>Altri progetti</span></p><ul title="Collegamenti verso gli altri progetti Wikimedia"> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Metafora" class="extiw" title="q:Metafora">Wikiquote</a></li> <li class="" title=""><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/metafora" class="extiw" title="wikt:metafora">Wikizionario</a></li> <li class="" title=""><span class="plainlinks" title="commons:Category:Metaphors"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Metaphors?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikiquote"><img alt="Collabora a Wikiquote" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/18px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/36px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="q:">Wikiquote</a> contiene citazioni sulla <b><a href="https://it.wikiquote.org/wiki/Metafora" class="extiw" title="q:Metafora">metafora</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" title="Collabora a Wikizionario"><img alt="Collabora a Wikizionario" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/18px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/27px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiktionary_small.svg/36px-Wiktionary_small.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="350" data-file-height="350" /></a></span> <a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wikt:">Wikizionario</a> contiene il lemma di dizionario «<b><a href="https://it.wiktionary.org/wiki/metafora" class="extiw" title="wikt:metafora">metafora</a></b>»</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it" title="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons"><img alt="Collabora a Wikimedia Commons" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/27px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/36px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/?uselang=it">Wikimedia Commons</a></span> contiene immagini o altri file sulla <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Metaphors?uselang=it">metafora</a></span></b></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collegamenti_esterni">Collegamenti esterni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifica la sezione Collegamenti esterni" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metafora&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Collegamenti esterni"><span>modifica wikitesto</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBritannica.com" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/metaphor"><span style="font-style:italic;">metaphor</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Britannica" title="Enciclopedia Britannica">Enciclopedia Britannica</a></span>, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18534#P1417" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFStanford_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" class="citation web" style="font-style:normal">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; font-size:80%"><abbr title="inglese">EN</abbr></span>) David Hills, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/metaphor/"><span style="font-style:italic;">Metaphor</span></a>, su <span style="font-style:italic;"><a href="/wiki/Stanford_Encyclopedia_of_Philosophy" title="Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy">Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy</a></span>.</cite> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18534#P3123" title="Modifica su Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica su Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r140554510">.mw-parser-output .CdA{border:1px solid #aaa;width:100%;margin:auto;font-size:90%;padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#f2f2f2;font-weight:bold;width:20%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA{border-color:#54595D}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .CdA th{background-color:#202122}}</style><table class="CdA"><tbody><tr><th><a href="/wiki/Aiuto:Controllo_di_autorit%C3%A0" title="Aiuto:Controllo di autorità">Controllo di autorità</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Nuovo_soggettario" title="Nuovo soggettario">Thesaurus BNCF</a> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thes.bncf.firenze.sbn.it/termine.php?id=7866">7866</a></span><span style="font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a> <span class="uid">(<span style="font-weight:bolder; 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