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Falcký – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ludvík III. Falcký" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_3._af_Pfalz" title="Ludvig 3. af Pfalz – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ludvig 3. af Pfalz" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_III._(Pfalz)" title="Ludwig III. (Pfalz) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ludwig III. (Pfalz)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%84_%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85" title="Λουδοβίκος Γ΄ του Παλατινάτου – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λουδοβίκος Γ΄ του Παλατινάτου" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis_III_del_Palatinado" title="Luis III del Palatinado – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Luis III del Palatinado" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludoviko_la_3-a_(Palatinato)" title="Ludoviko la 3-a (Palatinato) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ludoviko la 3-a (Palatinato)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_III_du_Palatinat" title="Louis III du Palatinat – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Louis III du Palatinat" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovico_III_del_Palatinato" title="Ludovico III del Palatinato – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ludovico III del Palatinato" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%93%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%92_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%99,_%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9A_%D7%94%D7%91%D7%95%D7%97%D7%A8_%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%A5" title="לודוויג השלישי, הנסיך הבוחר מפפאלץ – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לודוויג השלישי, הנסיך הבוחר מפפאלץ" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/III._Lajos_pfalzi_v%C3%A1laszt%C3%B3fejedelem" title="III. Lajos pfalzi választófejedelem – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="III. Lajos pfalzi választófejedelem" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lodewijk_III_van_de_Palts" title="Lodewijk III van de Palts – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lodewijk III van de Palts" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%923%E4%B8%96_(%E3%83%97%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%AB%E3%83%84%E9%81%B8%E5%B8%9D%E4%BE%AF)" title="ルートヴィヒ3世 (プファルツ選帝侯) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ルートヴィヒ3世 (プファルツ選帝侯)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwik_III_Brodaty" title="Ludwik III Brodaty – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ludwik III Brodaty" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_III_do_Palatinado" title="Luís III do Palatinado – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Luís III do Palatinado" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludovic_al_III-lea_al_Palatinatului" title="Ludovic al III-lea al Palatinatului – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ludovic al III-lea al Palatinatului" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_III_(%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9F%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D0%B0)" title="Людвиг III (курфюрст Пфальца) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Людвиг III (курфюрст Пфальца)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B3_III_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Лудвиг III Палатинатски – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Лудвиг III Палатинатски" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludvig_III_av_Pfalz" title="Ludvig III av Pfalz – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ludvig III av Pfalz" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%8E%D0%B4%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%B3_III_(%D0%BA%D1%83%D1%80%D1%84%D1%8E%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82_%D0%9F%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%83)" title="Людвіг III (курфюрст Пфальцу) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Людвіг III (курфюрст Пфальцу)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Louis III</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ludwig_III._von_der_Pfalz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Ludwig_III._von_der_Pfalz.jpg/220px-Ludwig_III._von_der_Pfalz.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Ludwig_III._von_der_Pfalz.jpg/330px-Ludwig_III._von_der_Pfalz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Ludwig_III._von_der_Pfalz.jpg/440px-Ludwig_III._von_der_Pfalz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="912" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Elector_Palatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Elector Palatine">Elector Palatine</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">18 May 1410 – 30 December 1436</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rupert,_King_of_the_Romans" title="Rupert, King of the Romans">Rupert III</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis IV, Elector Palatine">Louis IV</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">23 January 1378</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">30 December 1436<span style="display:none">(1436-12-30)</span> (aged 58)<br /><a href="/wiki/Heidelberg" title="Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Blanche_of_England" title="Blanche of England">Blanche of Lancaster</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Matilda_of_Savoy" title="Matilda of Savoy">Matilda of Savoy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Issue_(genealogy)" title="Issue (genealogy)">Issue</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mechthild_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Mechthild of Germany">Mathilde</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis IV, Elector Palatine">Louis IV, Elector Palatine</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Elector_Palatine" title="Frederick I, Elector Palatine">Frederick I, Elector Palatine</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ruprecht_of_the_Palatinate_(Archbishop_of_Cologne)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruprecht of the Palatinate (Archbishop of Cologne)">Rupprecht</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dynasty" title="Dynasty">House</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/House_of_Wittelsbach" title="House of Wittelsbach">Wittelsbach</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rupert_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Rupert of Germany">Rupert of Germany</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Nuremberg" title="Elisabeth of Nuremberg">Elisabeth of Nuremberg</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Louis III</b> (<a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>: <i lang="de">Ludwig III. der Ältere or der Bärtige</i>) (23 January 1378 – 30 December 1436), was an <a href="/wiki/Elector_Palatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Elector Palatine">Elector Palatine</a> of the Rhine from the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Wittelsbach" title="House of Wittelsbach">house of Wittelsbach</a> in 1410–1436. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_III,_Elector_Palatine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Louis III was the third son of King <a href="/wiki/Rupert_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Rupert of Germany">Rupert of Germany</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarriss2005427_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarriss2005427-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and his wife <a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_of_Nuremberg" title="Elisabeth of Nuremberg">Elisabeth of Nuremberg</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his father's campaign in Italy 1401-1402 Louis served as imperial vicar. He succeeded his father in 1410 as Elector of the Palatinate but did not run for the German crown. The Palatinate was divided among the four of Rupert's surviving sons. As oldest surviving son and new <a href="/wiki/Prince-Elector" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince-Elector">Prince-Elector</a> Louis III received the main part, <a href="/wiki/John,_Count_Palatine_of_Neumarkt" title="John, Count Palatine of Neumarkt">John</a> received <a href="/wiki/Palatinate-Neumarkt" class="mw-redirect" title="Palatinate-Neumarkt">Palatinate-Neumarkt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stephen,_Count_Palatine_of_Simmern-Zweibr%C3%BCcken" title="Stephen, Count Palatine of Simmern-Zweibrücken">Stephen</a> received <a href="/wiki/Palatinate-Simmern" class="mw-redirect" title="Palatinate-Simmern">Palatinate-Simmern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Otto_I,_Count_Palatine_of_Mosbach" title="Otto I, Count Palatine of Mosbach">Otto</a> received <a href="/wiki/Palatinate-Mosbach" title="Palatinate-Mosbach">Palatinate-Mosbach</a>. </p><p>Louis III was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Parakeet_Society" title="Parakeet Society">Parakeet Society</a> and of the <a href="/wiki/Parakeet_Society" title="Parakeet Society">League of Constance</a>. Highly cultured and religious he was a patron of the <a href="/wiki/Heidelberg_University" title="Heidelberg University">Heidelberg University</a>. Louis III acted as vicar for <a href="/wiki/Sigismund,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor">Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor</a> and was his bearer during the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Constance" title="Council of Constance">Council of Constance</a>. As such Louis later also executed the sentences against <a href="/wiki/Jan_Hus" title="Jan Hus">Jan Hus</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jerome_of_Prague" title="Jerome of Prague">Jerome of Prague</a>. He also arrested <a href="/wiki/Antipope_John_XXIII" title="Antipope John XXIII">Antipope John XXIII</a> in 1415. </p><p>Louis III returned very sick from a pilgrimage in 1427 into the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Land" title="Holy Land">Holy Land</a> which he had organized after the death of his son Ruprecht. From 1430 onwards he was almost blind and in 1435 deprived of power by his wife and her advisors. In the following year he died, in <a href="/wiki/Heidelberg" title="Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a>, and was succeeded by his son <a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis IV, Elector Palatine">Louis IV</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family_and_children">Family and children</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_III,_Elector_Palatine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Family and children"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Louis III was married twice. </p><p>Firstly, he married on 6 July 1402 <a href="/wiki/Blanche_of_England" title="Blanche of England">Blanche of Lancaster</a> (1392 – 22 May 1409), eldest daughter of King <a href="/wiki/Henry_IV_of_England" title="Henry IV of England">Henry IV of England</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mary_de_Bohun" title="Mary de Bohun">Mary de Bohun</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarriss2005427_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarriss2005427-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This marriage brought the <a href="/wiki/Palatine_Crown" class="mw-redirect" title="Palatine Crown">Palatine Crown</a> into the hands of the Wittelsbach.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOgden201873_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOgden201873-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had one son: </p> <ol><li>Ruprecht (22 June 1406 – 20 May 1426).</li></ol> <p>Secondly, he married on 30 November 1417 <a href="/wiki/Matilda_of_Savoy" title="Matilda of Savoy">Matilda of Savoy</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatanabe2011259_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatanabe2011259-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> daughter of <a href="/wiki/Amadeo,_Prince_of_Achaea" class="mw-redirect" title="Amadeo, Prince of Achaea">Amadeo, Prince of Achaea</a>. They had five children: </p> <ol><li><a href="/wiki/Mechthild_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Mechthild of Germany">Mathilde</a> (7 March 1419 – 1 October 1482), married: <ol><li>in 1434 to Count <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_I,_Count_of_W%C3%BCrttemberg-Urach" title="Ludwig I, Count of Württemberg-Urach">Louis I of Württemberg</a></li> <li>in 1452 to Duke <a href="/wiki/Albrecht_VI_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Albrecht VI of Austria">Albrecht VI of Austria</a></li></ol></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis IV, Elector Palatine">Louis IV, Elector Palatine</a> (1 January 1424 – 13 August 1449)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Elector_Palatine" title="Frederick I, Elector Palatine">Frederick I, Elector Palatine</a> (1 August 1425 – 12 December 1476)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruprecht_of_the_Palatinate_(Archbishop_of_Cologne)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruprecht of the Palatinate (Archbishop of Cologne)">Rupprecht</a> (27 February 1427 – 26 July 1480), <a href="/wiki/Prince-elector" title="Prince-elector">Prince-elector</a> <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Cologne" title="Archbishop of Cologne">archbishop of Cologne</a></li> <li>Margarete (ca. 1428 – 23 November 1466), a nun at <a href="/wiki/Liebenau_monastery" title="Liebenau monastery">Liebenau monastery</a></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_III,_Elector_Palatine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHarriss2005427-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarriss2005427_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHarriss2005427_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHarriss2005">Harriss 2005</a>, p. 427.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEThomas2010387_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFThomas2010">Thomas 2010</a>, p. 387.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOgden201873-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOgden201873_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOgden2018">Ogden 2018</a>, p. 73.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatanabe2011259-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatanabe2011259_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWatanabe2011">Watanabe 2011</a>, p. 259.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_III,_Elector_Palatine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHarriss2005" class="citation book cs1">Harriss, Gerald (2005). <i>Shaping the Nation: England 1360-1461</i>. Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shaping+the+Nation%3A+England+1360-1461&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Harriss&rft.aufirst=Gerald&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+III%2C+Elector+Palatine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOgden2018" class="citation book cs1">Ogden, Jack (2018). <i>Diamonds: An Early History of the King of Gems</i>. Yale University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Diamonds%3A+An+Early+History+of+the+King+of+Gems&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Ogden&rft.aufirst=Jack&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+III%2C+Elector+Palatine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThomas2010" class="citation book cs1">Thomas, Andrew L. (2010). <i>A House Divided: Wittelsbach Confessional Court Cultures in the Holy Roman Empire, c.1550-1650</i>. Brill.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+House+Divided%3A+Wittelsbach+Confessional+Court+Cultures+in+the+Holy+Roman+Empire%2C+c.1550-1650&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Thomas&rft.aufirst=Andrew+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+III%2C+Elector+Palatine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWatanabe2011" class="citation book cs1">Watanabe, Morimichi (2011). Christianson, Gerald; Izbicki, Thomas M. (eds.). <i>Nicholas of Cusa: A Companion to His Life and His Times</i>. Ashgate Publishing.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nicholas+of+Cusa%3A+A+Companion+to+His+Life+and+His+Times&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Watanabe&rft.aufirst=Morimichi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+III%2C+Elector+Palatine" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_III,_Elector_Palatine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="languageicon">(in German)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060408155123/http://www.genealogie-mittelalter.de/wittelsbacher_kurpfalz/ludwig_3_kurfuerst_1436.html">genealogie-mittelalter.de</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon">(in German)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historiker.de/cgi-local/menschenbilder/show.pl?file=data%2fbilddatenbank.data&id=196&listtemp=templates%2fframe_ausschnitt_person.htm">Biography</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged January 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFD700; text-align:center;"><div>Louis III, Elector Palatine </div><div><b><a href="/wiki/House_of_Wittelsbach" title="House of Wittelsbach">House of Wittelsbach</a></b></div><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"><b>Born:</b> 1378</span><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-size:90%; margin:2em"> <b>Died:</b> 1436</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Rupert_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Rupert of Germany">Rupert III</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Electoral_Palatinate" title="Electoral Palatinate">Elector Palatine</a> </b><br />1410–1436 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis IV, Elector Palatine">Louis IV</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Template:Electors_Palatine" title="Template:Electors Palatine"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Electors_Palatine" title="Template talk:Electors Palatine"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Electors_Palatine" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Electors Palatine"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Electors_of_the_Palatinate67" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Counts_Palatine_of_the_Rhine" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Counts Palatine of the Rhine">Electors of the Palatinate</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rupert_I,_Elector_Palatine" title="Rupert I, Elector Palatine">Rupert I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert_II,_Elector_Palatine" title="Rupert II, Elector Palatine">Rupert II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupert,_King_of_the_Romans" title="Rupert, King of the Romans">Rupert III</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Louis III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis IV, Elector Palatine">Louis IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_I,_Elector_Palatine" title="Frederick I, Elector Palatine">Frederick I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip,_Elector_Palatine" title="Philip, Elector Palatine">Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_V,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis V, Elector Palatine">Louis V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Elector_Palatine" title="Frederick II, Elector Palatine">Frederick II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Henry,_Elector_Palatine" title="Otto Henry, Elector Palatine">Otto Henry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_III,_Elector_Palatine" title="Frederick III, Elector Palatine">Frederick III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_VI,_Elector_Palatine" title="Louis VI, Elector Palatine">Louis VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_IV,_Elector_Palatine" title="Frederick IV, Elector Palatine">Frederick IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_V_of_the_Palatinate" title="Frederick V of the Palatinate">Frederick V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_I_Louis,_Elector_Palatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles I Louis, Elector Palatine">Charles I Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_II,_Elector_Palatine" title="Charles II, Elector Palatine">Charles II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_William,_Elector_Palatine" title="Philip William, Elector Palatine">Philip William</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Wilhelm,_Elector_Palatine" title="Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine">John William</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_III_Philip,_Elector_Palatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Charles III Philip, Elector Palatine">Charles III Philip</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Theodore,_Elector_of_Bavaria" title="Charles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria">Charles Theodore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maximilian_I_Joseph_of_Bavaria" title="Maximilian I Joseph of Bavaria">Maximilian Joseph</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64515#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1163" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118574965">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85288529">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070691827">Netherlands</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/118574965.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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