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<li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Xi'an</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 114 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-114" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">114 leids</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شيان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شيان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sian" title="Sian – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sian" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Сиань – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сиань" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Сіянь – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сіянь" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Сіянь – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Сіянь" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сиан – Bulgairien" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сиан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgairien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Bambara" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="Bambara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A8" title="শিআন – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শিআন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A4%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="ཤེ་ཨན། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཤེ་ཨན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Сиань – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Сиань" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%83%CC%A4-%C4%83ng" title="Să̤-ăng – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Să̤-ăng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Сиань – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Сиань" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an_(kapital_sa_lalawigan)" title="Xi'an (kapital sa lalawigan) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Xi'an (kapital sa lalawigan)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Cheyenne" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="Cheyenne" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si-an" title="Si-an – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Si-an" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Dens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%E2%80%99an" title="Xi’an – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Xi’an" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Σιάν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σιάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Inglis" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inglis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Cjiano" title="Ŝjiano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ŝjiano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Spainish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spainish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an_Shi" title="Xi'an Shi – Eastlands" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Xi'an Shi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Eastlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A2%D9%86" title="شی‌آن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شی‌آن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%E2%80%99an" title="Xi’an – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Xi’an" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%89" title="西安 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="西安" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%AE-%C3%B4n-s%E1%B9%B3" title="Sî-ôn-sṳ – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sî-ôn-sṳ" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9F" title="שיאן – Ebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שיאן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A8" title="शिआन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="शिआन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hszian" title="Hszian – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hszian" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Սիան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սիան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Սիան – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Սիան" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xian" title="Xian – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Xian" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%82" title="西安市 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="西安市" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Сиань – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Сиань" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EC%95%88%EC%8B%9C" title="시안시 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시안시" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siganum" title="Siganum – Laitin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Siganum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Laitin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xian" title="Xian – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Xian" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sianas" title="Sianas – Lithuanie" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sianas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanie" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sjia%C5%86a" title="Sjiaņa – Letts" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sjiaņa" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letts" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сиан – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сиан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BB" title="സിയാൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സിയാൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Шиань – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Шиань" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%A8" title="शीआन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="शीआन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Maltese" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Maltese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9B%E1%80%BE%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A1%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ရှီးအန်းမြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ရှီးအန်းမြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شی‌ئان – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="شی‌ئان" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xian" title="Xian – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Xian" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%E2%80%99an" title="Xi’an – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Xi’an" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ny mw-list-item"><a href="https://ny.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Nyanja" lang="ny" hreflang="ny" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Chi-Chewa" data-language-local-name="Nyanja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chi-Chewa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Сиань – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Сиань" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%A8" title="ਸ਼ੀਆਨ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸ਼ੀਆਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%E2%80%99an" title="Xi’an – Polls" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Xi’an" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polls" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سیان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سیان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شيان – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="شيان" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xian" title="Xian – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Xian" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Roumains" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roumains" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Сиань – Roushien" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Сиань" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Roushien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Сиань – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сиань" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86" title="زیان – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="زیان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si-an" title="Si-an – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Si-an" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0jan" title="Šjan – Slovein" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Šjan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovein" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sian" title="Sian – Albainien" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Sian" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Сијан – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Сијан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Swaidish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swaidish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%E2%80%99an" title="Xi’an – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Xi’an" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si-an-se" title="Si-an-se – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Si-an-se" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="சிய்யான் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சிய்யான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99" title="ซีอาน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซีอาน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn mw-list-item"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Tswana" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="Tswana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eian" title="Şian – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şian" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%89%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%86_%D8%B4%DB%95%DA%BE%D9%89%D8%B1%D9%89" title="شىئەن شەھىرى – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="شىئەن شەھىرى" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" title="Сіань – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Сіань" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شیان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="شیان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sian" title="Sian – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sian" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sian%27" title="Sian' – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Sian'" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A2y_An" title="Tây An – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tây An" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Xi'an – Wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Xi'an" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="Wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%89" title="西安 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="西安" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="სიანი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სიანი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sih%27anh" title="Sih'anh – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Sih'anh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%82" title="西安市 – Cheenese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="西安市" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Cheenese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%89%E5%B8%82" title="西安市 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="西安市" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Se-an-chh%C4%AB" title="Se-an-chhī – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Se-an-chhī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%AE%89" title="西安 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="西安" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5826#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Eedit interleid airtins" class="wbc-editpage">Eedit airtins</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Xi%27an" title="Leuk at the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Airticle</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collogue:Xi%27an&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussion anent the content page (page disna exeest) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Collogue</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">Dern</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Frae Wikipedia, the free beuk o knawledge</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sco" dir="ltr"><table class="infobox geography vcard" style="width:22em;width:23em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-size:1.25em; white-space:nowrap"><div style="display:inline" class="fn org"><span style="position:relative; bottom:0.2em;">Xi'an</span></div><br /><div class="nickname" style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"><span style="position: relative; top: 0.1em;"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><span lang="zh-Hans" title="Cheenese leid text">西安市</span></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;background-color:#cddeff; font-weight:bold;"><div class="category"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sub-provincial_ceety&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sub-provincial ceety (page disna exeest)">Sub-provincial ceety</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Xi%27an_montage.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Frae tap: Ceety waw o Xi'an, Xingqinggong Park, Drum Touer o Xi'an, Great Mosque o Xi'an, Sootheast ceety corner, Giant Wild Goose Pagoda, Nan'erhuan Road"><img alt="Frae tap: Ceety waw o Xi'an, Xingqinggong Park, Drum Touer o Xi'an, Great Mosque o Xi'an, Sootheast ceety corner, Giant Wild Goose Pagoda, Nan'erhuan Road" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Xi%27an_montage.png/250px-Xi%27an_montage.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="321" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Xi%27an_montage.png 1.5x" data-file-width="280" data-file-height="360" /></a></span><div style="padding:0.4em 0 0 0;">Frae tap: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ceety_waw_o_Xi%27an&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ceety waw o Xi'an (page disna exeest)">Ceety waw o Xi'an</a>, Xingqinggong Park, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Drum_Touer_o_Xi%27an&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Drum Touer o Xi'an (page disna exeest)">Drum Touer o Xi'an</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Mosque_o_Xi%27an&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Great Mosque o Xi'an (page disna exeest)">Great Mosque o Xi'an</a>, Sootheast ceety corner, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Giant_Wild_Goose_Pagoda&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Giant Wild Goose Pagoda (page disna exeest)">Giant Wild Goose Pagoda</a>, Nan'erhuan Road</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Location_of_Xi%27an_Prefecture_within_Shaanxi_(China).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Location o Xi'an Ceety jurisdiction in Shaanxi"><img alt="Location o Xi'an Ceety jurisdiction in Shaanxi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Location_of_Xi%27an_Prefecture_within_Shaanxi_%28China%29.png/250px-Location_of_Xi%27an_Prefecture_within_Shaanxi_%28China%29.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Location_of_Xi%27an_Prefecture_within_Shaanxi_%28China%29.png/375px-Location_of_Xi%27an_Prefecture_within_Shaanxi_%28China%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Location_of_Xi%27an_Prefecture_within_Shaanxi_%28China%29.png/500px-Location_of_Xi%27an_Prefecture_within_Shaanxi_%28China%29.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="680" /></a></span><div style="padding:0.3em 0 0 0;">Location o Xi'an Ceety jurisdiction in Shaanxi</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r840575">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_edcp_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Xi'an is located in Cheenae"><img alt="Xi'an is located in Cheenae" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/China_edcp_location_map.svg/250px-China_edcp_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/China_edcp_location_map.svg/375px-China_edcp_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/China_edcp_location_map.svg/500px-China_edcp_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="408" /></a></span><div class="od" style="top:58.056%;left:58.211%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Xi'an"><img alt="Xi'an" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;left:4px"><div><span style="position:relative; bottom:0.2em;">Xi'an</span></div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in Cheenae</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r840235">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Xi%27an&params=34_16_N_108_54_E_region:CN-61_type:city(8467837)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°16′N</span> <span class="longitude">108°54′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.267°N 108.900°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">34.267; 108.900</span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r840235"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Xi%27an&params=34_16_N_108_54_E_region:CN-61_type:city(8467837)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">34°16′N</span> <span class="longitude">108°54′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">34.267°N 108.900°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">34.267; 108.900</span></span></span></a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row">Kintra</th><td>Fowkrepublic o Cheenae</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Province_(China)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Province (China) (page disna exeest)">Province</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left">Govrenment<div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • <a href="/wiki/Communist_Pairty_o_Cheenae" title="Communist Pairty o Cheenae">CPC Xi'an</a></th><td>Wei Minzhou (<span lang="zh-Hans" title="Cheenese leid text">魏民洲</span>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • Mayor</th><td>Dong Jun (<span lang="zh-Hans" title="Cheenese leid text">董军</span>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left">Area<div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sub-provincial_ceety&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sub-provincial ceety (page disna exeest)">Sub-provincial ceety</a></th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=1_E%2B9_m%C2%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1 E+9 m² (page disna exeest)">9983 km<sup>2</sup></a> (3,854 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • Urban<div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"></div></th><td>826 km<sup>2</sup> (319 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • Metro<div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"></div></th><td>3830 km<sup>2</sup> (1,480 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yangling&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yangling (page disna exeest)">Yangling</a></th><td>94 km<sup>2</sup> (36 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row">Elevation<div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"></div></th><td>405 m (1,329 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;text-align:left">Population<div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2010 census)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sub-provincial_ceety&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sub-provincial ceety (page disna exeest)">Sub-provincial ceety</a></th><td>8,467,837</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • Density</th><td>850/km<sup>2</sup> (2,200/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"></div></th><td>6,501,200</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • Urban density</th><td>7,900/km<sup>2</sup> (20,000/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div style="font-weight:normal;display:inline;"></div></th><td>7,168,005</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B8" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+8">UTC+8</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cheenae_Staundart_Time&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cheenae Staundart Time (page disna exeest)">CST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row">Postal code</th><td class="adr"><div class="postal-code"><b>710</b>000 - <b>710</b>090<b></b></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_nummerin_plan" title="Telephone nummerin plan">Area code(s)</a></th><td>+86/29</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a></th><td>(2013)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row">- Total</th><td><a href="/wiki/US_Dollar" class="mw-redirect" title="US Dollar">$</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leet_o_Cheenae_admeenistrative_diveesions_bi_GDP&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leet o Cheenae admeenistrative diveesions bi GDP (page disna exeest)">81.4billion</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row">- Per capita</th><td>$<a href="/w/index.php?title=Leet_o_ceeties_in_the_Fowkepublic_o_Cheenae_bi_GDP_per_capita&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leet o ceeties in the Fowkepublic o Cheenae bi GDP per capita (page disna exeest)">9,220.59</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Licence_plates_o_the_Fowkrepublic_o_Cheenae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Licence plates o the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae (page disna exeest)">License plate</a> prefixes</th><td><span lang="zh-CN" title="Cheenese leid text">陕</span>A</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row">Ceety flouer</th><td><a href="/wiki/Pomegranate" class="mw-redirect" title="Pomegranate">Pomegranate</a> flouer</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row">Ceety tree</th><td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pagoda_tree&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pagoda tree (page disna exeest)">Pagoda tree</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row">Website</th><td><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.xa.gov.cn/">http://www.xa.gov.cn/</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Xi'an</b> (<a href="/wiki/Cheenese_leid" title="Cheenese leid">Cheenese</a>: <span lang="zh">西安</span>; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i><span lang="zh-Latn-pinyin">Xī'ān</span></i>)<sup id="cite_ref-br_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-br-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is the caipital o the <a href="/wiki/Shaanxi" title="Shaanxi">Shaanxi</a> province, an a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sub-provincial_ceety_in_the_Fowkrepublic_o_Cheenae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sub-provincial ceety in the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae (page disna exeest)">sub-provincial ceety in the Fowkrepublic o Cheenae</a>. As ane o the auldest ceeties in Cheenae, wi mair nor 3,100 years o history, the ceety wis kent as <b><a href="/wiki/Chang%27an" title="Chang'an">Chang'an</a></b> afore the <a href="/wiki/Ming_Dynasty" title="Ming Dynasty">Ming Dynasty</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-br_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-br-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Xi'an is ane o the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Historical_caipitals_o_Cheenae&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Historical caipitals o Cheenae (page disna exeest)">Fower Great Ancient Caipitals o Cheenae</a>, haein held that position unner several o the maist important <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dynasties_in_Cheenese_history&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dynasties in Cheenese history (page disna exeest)">dynasties in Cheenese history</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-encarta_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encarta-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> includin <a href="/wiki/Zhou_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhou Dynasty">Zhou</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Qin_Dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Qin Dynasty (page disna exeest)">Qin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Han_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Han Dynasty">Han</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sui_Dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sui Dynasty (page disna exeest)">Sui</a>, an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tang_Dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tang Dynasty (page disna exeest)">Tang</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-encarta_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-encarta-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Xi'an is the eastren terminus o the <a href="/wiki/Silk_Road" title="Silk Road">Silk Road</a> an hame tae the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Terracotta_Airmy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Terracotta Airmy (page disna exeest)">Terracotta Airmy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-br_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-br-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Syne the 1990s, as pairt o the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cheenae_Wastren_Development&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cheenae Wastren Development (page disna exeest)">economic revival o interior Cheenae</a> especially for the central an northwast regions, the ceety o Xi'an haes re-emerged as an important cultural, industrial an eddicational centre o the central-northwast region, wi facilities for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Research_an_development&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Research an development (page disna exeest)">research an development</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Naitional_security&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Naitional security (page disna exeest)">naitional security</a> an <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cheenese_space_programme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cheenese space programme (page disna exeest)">Cheenae's space sploration programme</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historical_names_o_Xi'an"><span id="Historical_names_o_Xi.27an"></span>Historical names o Xi'an</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xi%27an&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Eedit section: Historical names o Xi'an" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xi%27an&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Historical names o Xi'an"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The twa <a href="/wiki/Cheenese_characters" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheenese characters">Cheenese characters</a> "西安" in the name Xi'an literally mean "Wastren Peace", whilst the pronunciation in the local Xi'anese dialect is amaist the same as the Staundart Mandarin pronunciation based on <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a>. Throughout history the ceety's name haes aften chynged. At the time o the <a href="/wiki/Zhou_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhou Dynasty">Zhou Dynasty</a>, frae aroond 1046 BC it was cried "Fenghao" (沣镐/沣鎬) then renamed <a href="/wiki/Chang%27an" title="Chang'an">Chang'an</a> (长安/長安), meanin "Perpetual Peace", durin the <a href="/wiki/Han_Dynasty" class="mw-redirect" title="Han Dynasty">Han Dynasty</a> (206 BC - 220 AD). It chynged in 581 AD tae Daxing (大兴/大興) durin the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Sui_Dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sui Dynasty (page disna exeest)">Sui Dynasty</a> then again became Chang'an frae 618 durin the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tang_Dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tang Dynasty (page disna exeest)">Tang Dynasty</a>. Durin the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yuan_Dynasty&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yuan Dynasty (page disna exeest)">Yuan Dynasty</a> (1270-1368), the ceety wis first gien the name Fengyuan (奉元), followed by Anxi (安西) then Jingzhao (京兆). It finally became Xi'an in the year 1369 at the time o the Ming Dynasty. This name remained till 1928, then in 1930 it wis renamed Xijing (西京). The ceety's name ance again revertit tae its Ming-era designation of Xi'an in 1943. </p><p>Xi'an is abbreviatit in Cheenese tae either <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hao (page disna exeest)">Hao</a> (镐/鎬) or <a href="/wiki/Tang" title="Tang">Tang</a> (唐). The umwhile abbreviation is derived frae the Zhou Dynasty name <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haojing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haojing (page disna exeest)">Haojing</a> (镐京/鎬京), whilst the latter comes frae the name o the Tang Dynasty. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Internaitional_relations">Internaitional relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xi%27an&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Eedit section: Internaitional relations" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xi%27an&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Internaitional relations"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twin_touns—Sister_ceeties"><span id="Twin_touns.E2.80.94Sister_ceeties"></span>Twin touns—Sister ceeties</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xi%27an&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Eedit section: Twin touns—Sister ceeties" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xi%27an&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Twin touns—Sister ceeties"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Xi'an's <a href="/wiki/Twin_touns_an_sister_ceeties" class="mw-redirect" title="Twin touns an sister ceeties">sister ceeties</a> are: </p> <table cellpadding="10"> <tbody><tr valign="top"> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Nara,_Nara&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nara, Nara (page disna exeest)">Nara</a>, Japan. (1974)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kyoto" title="Kyoto">Kyoto</a>, Japan. (1974)<sup id="cite_ref-Kyoto_twinnings_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kyoto_twinnings-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Unitit_Kinrick" title="Unitit Kinrick"><img alt="Unitit Kinrick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, Unitit Kinrick. (1985)<sup id="cite_ref-Edinburgh_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edinburgh-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Edinburgh_twinning_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edinburgh_twinning-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fraunce" title="Fraunce"><img alt="Fraunce" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pau,_Fraunce&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pau, Fraunce (page disna exeest)">Pau</a>, Fraunce. (1986)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kansas_Ceety,_Missouri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kansas Ceety, Missouri (page disna exeest)">Kansas Ceety</a>, United States. (1989)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Isfahan" title="Isfahan">Isfahan</a>, Iran. (1989)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dortmund" title="Dortmund">Dortmund</a>, Germany. (1991)<sup id="cite_ref-RuhrTwins2010_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-RuhrTwins2010-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan"><img alt="Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a>, Pakistan. (1992)</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Funabashi,_Chiba" title="Funabashi, Chiba">Funabashi</a>, Japan. (1994)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sooth_Korea" title="Sooth Korea"><img alt="Sooth Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gyeongju&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gyeongju (page disna exeest)">Gyeongju</a>, Republic o Korea. (1994)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romanie" title="Romanie"><img alt="Romanie" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ia%C5%9Fi" class="mw-redirect" title="Iaşi">Iaşi</a>, Romanie. (1994)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dnipro" title="Dnipro">Dnipro</a>, Ukraine. (1995)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Istanbul" title="Istanbul">Istanbul</a>, Turkey. (1996)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal"><img alt="Nepal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/12px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/19px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Flag_of_Nepal.svg/25px-Flag_of_Nepal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="726" data-file-height="885" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kathmandu" title="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</a>, Nepal. (1996)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><img alt="Brazil" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bras%C3%ADlia" title="Brasília">Brasília</a>, Brazil. (1997)</li></ul> </td> <td> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Canadae" title="Canadae"><img alt="Canadae" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Quebec_Ceety" title="Quebec Ceety">Quebec Ceety</a>, Canadae. (2001)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Argentinae" title="Argentinae"><img alt="Argentinae" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Flag_of_Argentina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Argentina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba,_Argentinae" title="Córdoba, Argentinae">Córdoba</a>, Argentinae. (2006)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><img alt="Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pompei&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pompei (page disna exeest)">Pompei</a>, Italy. (2007)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>, Greece</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kalamata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kalamata (page disna exeest)">Kalamata</a>, Greece (2009)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Unitit_Kinrick" title="Unitit Kinrick"><img alt="Unitit Kinrick" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Birmingham" title="Birmingham">Birmingham</a>, Unitit Kinrick.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Peru" title="Peru"><img alt="Peru" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/23px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/35px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Flag_of_Peru.svg/45px-Flag_of_Peru.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cusco" title="Cusco">Cusco</a>, Peru.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consulates">Consulates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xi%27an&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Eedit section: Consulates" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xi%27an&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Consulates"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sooth_Korea" title="Sooth Korea"><img alt="Sooth Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Gaoxin Internaitional, Keji Road, September 2007</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand"><img alt="Thailand" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> Yulang Internaitional, Jiefang Road, 2006</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xi%27an&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Eedit section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>eedit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xi%27an&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>eedit soorce</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-br-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-br_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-br_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-br_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/542532/Xian">"Xi'an"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Xi%27an&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F542532%2FXian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3AXi%27an" class="Z3988"></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r809032">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">It is an aa cawed "Sianfu" bi mony Wastren authors in the early 20t century. For example, the Catholic Archdiocese o Xian uised tae be cawed the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dsian.html">Vicariate Apostolic of Sianfu</a>. Adolf S. Waley, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.archive.org/stream/remakingofchina00walerich/remakingofchina00walerich_djvu.txt"><i>The Re-making of China</i></a>, New York: EP Dutton and Company, 1914.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-encarta-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-encarta_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-encarta_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080228105855/http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572407/Xi%E2%80%99an.html">"Xi'an"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Encarta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Encarta (page disna exeest)">Encarta</a>. 1993-2008</i>. 3 September 2008. Archived frae <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761572407/Xi%E2%80%99an.html">the original</a> on 28 Februar 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 Apryle</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encarta.+1993-2008&rft.atitle=Xi%27an&rft.date=2008-09-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fencarta.msn.com%2Fencyclopedia_761572407%2FXi%25E2%2580%2599an.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3AXi%27an" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kyoto_twinnings-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Kyoto_twinnings_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.kyoto.lg.jp/sogo/page/0000083407.html">"Sister Cities of Kyoto City"</a>. City of Kyoto. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140121151906/http://www.city.kyoto.lg.jp/sogo/page/0000083407.html">Archived</a> frae the original on 21 Januar 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 Januar</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sister+Cities+of+Kyoto+City&rft.pub=City+of+Kyoto&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.city.kyoto.lg.jp%2Fsogo%2Fpage%2F0000083407.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3AXi%27an" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Edinburgh-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Edinburgh_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080328001653/http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/internet/city_living/CEC_twin_and_partner_cities">"<i>Edinburgh – Twin and Partner Cities</i>"</a>. 2008 The City of Edinburgh Council, City Chambers, High Street, Edinburgh, EH1 1YJ Scotland. Archived frae <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/internet/city_living/CEC_twin_and_partner_cities">the original</a> on 28 Mairch 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Edinburgh+%E2%80%93+Twin+and+Partner+Cities&rft.pub=2008+The+City+of+Edinburgh+Council%2C+City+Chambers%2C+High+Street%2C+Edinburgh%2C+EH1+1YJ+Scotland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edinburgh.gov.uk%2Finternet%2Fcity_living%2FCEC_twin_and_partner_cities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3AXi%27an" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080328001653/http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/internet/city_living/CEC_twin_and_partner_cities">"Archived copy"</a>. Archived frae <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/internet/city_living/CEC_twin_and_partner_cities">the original</a> on 28 Mairch 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 Mairch</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edinburgh.gov.uk%2Finternet%2Fcity_living%2FCEC_twin_and_partner_cities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3AXi%27an" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Edinburgh_twinning-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Edinburgh_twinning_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120614133841/http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/info/695/council_information_performance_and_statistics/685/european_international_and_parliamentary_relations/3">"Twin and Partner Cities"</a>. City of Edinburgh Council. Archived frae <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edinburgh.gov.uk/info/695/council_information_performance_and_statistics/685/european_international_and_parliamentary_relations/3">the original</a> on 14 Juin 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 Januar</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Twin+and+Partner+Cities&rft.pub=City+of+Edinburgh+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edinburgh.gov.uk%2Finfo%2F695%2Fcouncil_information_performance_and_statistics%2F685%2Feuropean_international_and_parliamentary_relations%2F3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3AXi%27an" class="Z3988"></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-RuhrTwins2010-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-RuhrTwins2010_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webcitation.org/5lctsW5KG?url=http://www.twins2010.com/fileadmin/user_upload/pic/Dokumente/List_of_Twin_Towns_01.pdf?PHPSESSID=2edd34819db21e450d3bb625549ce4fd">"List of Twin Towns in the Ruhr District"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. © 2009 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.twins2010.com/index.php?id=home&L=1">Twins2010.com</a>. Archived frae <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.twins2010.com/fileadmin/user_upload/pic/Dokumente/List_of_Twin_Towns_01.pdf?PHPSESSID=2edd34819db21e450d3bb625549ce4fd">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 28 November 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 October</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=List+of+Twin+Towns+in+the+Ruhr+District&rft.pub=%C2%A9+2009+%5Bhttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.twins2010.com%2Findex.php%3Fid%3Dhome%26L%3D1+Twins2010.com%5D&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.twins2010.com%2Ffileadmin%2Fuser_upload%2Fpic%2FDokumente%2FList_of_Twin_Towns_01.pdf%3FPHPSESSID%3D2edd34819db21e450d3bb625549ce4fd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsco.wikipedia.org%3AXi%27an" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error error citation-comment">freemit airtin in <code class="cs1-code">|publisher=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#param_has_ext_link" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r809032"></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;color:#000"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons haes media relatit tae <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Xi%27an" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Xi'an">Xi'an</a></b></i>.</td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <table class="metadata plainlinks stub" role="presentation" style="background:transparent"><tbody><tr><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chinesecoin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Stub icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Chinesecoin.jpg/30px-Chinesecoin.jpg" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Chinesecoin.jpg/45px-Chinesecoin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Chinesecoin.jpg/60px-Chinesecoin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="425" data-file-height="425" /></a></span></td><td><i>This Cheenae-relatit airticle is a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Stub" title="Wikipedia:Stub">stub</a>. 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