AI Identifies Mysterious Whale Calls | Episode 58

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "> <head> <meta charset="utf-8" /> <style>/* @see https://github.com/aFarkas/lazysizes#broken-image-symbol */.js img.dam-image:not([src]) { visibility: hidden; }/* @see https://github.com/aFarkas/lazysizes#automatically-setting-the-sizes-attribute */.js img.lazyloaded[data-sizes=auto] { display: block; width: 100%; }/* Transition effect. */.js .dam-image, .js .lazyloading { opacity: 0; }.js .lazyloaded { opacity: 1; -webkit-transition: opacity 2000ms; transition: opacity 2000ms; }</style> <meta name="description" content="Hear from the NOAA Fisheries scientist who identified Bryde’s whales as the source of a new whale call—biotwang—in the North Pacific. With Google AI and machine learning, we sorted through thousands of hours of acoustic recordings to identify these calls." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/podcast/ai-identifies-mysterious-whale-calls" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="NOAA" /> <meta property="og:type" content="News/Generic Page" /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/podcast/ai-identifies-mysterious-whale-calls" /> <meta property="og:title" content="AI Identifies Mysterious Whale Calls" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Hear from the NOAA Fisheries scientist who identified Bryde’s whales as the source of a new whale call—biotwang—in the North Pacific. With Google AI and machine learning, we sorted through thousands of hours of acoustic recordings to identify these calls." /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/s3//2024-09/3872x2592-Bryde-s-Whale-Mariana-Fisheries-PIFSC.JPG" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/themes/custom/noaa_components/images/open-graph.jpg" /> <meta name="dcterms.title" content="AI Identifies Mysterious Whale Calls | NOAA Fisheries" /> <meta name="dcterms.creator" content="NOAA Fisheries" /> <meta name="dcterms.subject" content="Marine Mammal Protection" /> <meta name="dcterms.description" content="Hear from the NOAA Fisheries scientist who identified Bryde’s whales as the source of a new whale call—biotwang—in the North Pacific. With Google AI and machine learning, we sorted through thousands of hours of acoustic recordings to identify these calls." /> <meta name="dcterms.contributor" content="Office of Communications" /> <meta name="dcterms.date" content="Thu, 11/07/2024 - 10:48" /> <meta name="dcterms.language" content="en" /> <meta name="dcterms.coverage" content="Pacific Islands" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="All of the NOAA science centers use acoustics to study marine mammal sounds, like whale calls. We estimate now that we have at least a petabyte of acoustic data—that's an astronimcal 1,000 terabytes of data. " /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@NOAAFisheries" /> <meta name="twitter:title" content="AI Identifies Mysterious Whale Calls" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@NOAAFisheries" /> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/s3//2024-09/3872x2592-Bryde-s-Whale-Mariana-Fisheries-PIFSC.JPG" /> <meta name="facebook-domain-verification" content="9ywy0d7q1zwxd9ajs6hh5cinjeg98h" /> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)" /> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width" /> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> <link rel="icon" href="/themes/custom/noaa_components/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon" /> <script>window.a2a_config=window.a2a_config||{};a2a_config.callbacks=[];a2a_config.overlays=[];a2a_config.templates={};</script> <title>AI Identifies Mysterious Whale Calls | Episode 58 | NOAA Fisheries</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/align.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/fieldgroup.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/container-inline.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/clearfix.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/details.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/hidden.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/item-list.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/js.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/nowrap.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/position-container.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/reset-appearance.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/resize.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/system-status-counter.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/system-status-report-counters.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/system-status-report-general-info.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/system/css/components/tablesort.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/misc/components/progress.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/core/modules/views/css/views.module.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/contrib/addtoany/css/addtoany.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/modules/contrib/extlink/css/extlink.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/themes/custom/noaa_components/dest/style.css?snikw0" /> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/font-awesome/6.6.0/css/all.min.css" /> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/172626","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"gtm":{"tagId":null,"settings":{"data_layer":"dataLayer","include_environment":false},"tagIds":["GTM-M67WBF"]},"gtag":{"tagId":"","consentMode":false,"otherIds":[],"events":[],"additionalConfigInfo":[]},"ajaxPageState":{"libraries":"eJxlj0FyAzEIBD8kL09ysRZRKZY0BFivN6-PnPiQOJcppuHQcM4BHgfxc1jeDCPSCoSHsZJCcRP7RQJoUTXJPVodV8q2KbflWVMBSpNzcKEy47Uv_M73v7Cnxp8HPSINMJ8v6IohI5wuMPkHsUXmkHxaDbtPudcDryG1q03zn92UM3biq52gMnZZlYvMX_vHJnYkPzyk08ou6VZld_rOpSNvTb4As_Nz-g","theme":"noaa_components","theme_token":null},"ajaxTrustedUrl":[],"lazy":{"lazysizes":{"lazyClass":"dam-image","loadedClass":"lazyloaded","loadingClass":"lazyloading","preloadClass":"lazypreload","errorClass":"lazyerror","autosizesClass":"lazyautosizes","srcAttr":"data-src","srcsetAttr":"data-srcset","sizesAttr":"data-sizes","minSize":40,"customMedia":[],"init":true,"expFactor":1.5,"hFac":0.80000000000000004,"loadMode":2,"loadHidden":true,"ricTimeout":0,"throttleDelay":125,"plugins":[]},"placeholderSrc":"","preferNative":false,"minified":true,"libraryPath":"\/themes\/custom\/noaa_components\/scripts\/lazyload"},"data":{"extlink":{"extTarget":false,"extTargetAppendNewWindowLabel":"(opens in a new window)","extTargetNoOverride":false,"extNofollow":false,"extNoreferrer":false,"extFollowNoOverride":false,"extClass":"ext","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":false,"extSubdomains":false,"extExclude":"(\\.gov)","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":".site-header__top-bar-links--left, .site-header__top-bar-links--right","extCssInclude":"","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":false,"extAlertText":"This link will take you to an external web site. We are not responsible for their content.","extHideIcons":false,"mailtoClass":"0","telClass":"tel","mailtoLabel":"(link sends email)","telLabel":"(link is a phone number)","extUseFontAwesome":false,"extIconPlacement":"append","extFaLinkClasses":"fa fa-external-link","extFaMailtoClasses":"fa fa-envelope-o","extAdditionalLinkClasses":"","extAdditionalMailtoClasses":"","extAdditionalTelClasses":"","extFaTelClasses":"fa fa-phone","whitelistedDomains":["fisheriesmedia.s3.amazonaws.com"],"extExcludeNoreferrer":""}},"bootstrap":{"forms_has_error_value_toggle":1,"modal_animation":1,"modal_backdrop":"true","modal_focus_input":1,"modal_keyboard":1,"modal_select_text":1,"modal_show":1,"modal_size":"","popover_enabled":1,"popover_animation":1,"popover_auto_close":1,"popover_container":"body","popover_content":"","popover_delay":"0","popover_html":0,"popover_placement":"right","popover_selector":"","popover_title":"","popover_trigger":"click","tooltip_enabled":1,"tooltip_animation":1,"tooltip_container":"body","tooltip_delay":"0","tooltip_html":0,"tooltip_placement":"auto left","tooltip_selector":"","tooltip_trigger":"hover"},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"1d87436a23a3c7b16505545d02fd6b7bdf2b8334fff658303c46b25995068842"}}</script> <script src="/core/assets/vendor/jquery/jquery.min.js?v=3.7.1"></script> <script src="/core/assets/vendor/once/once.min.js?v=1.0.1"></script> <script src="/core/misc/drupalSettingsLoader.js?v=10.3.6"></script> <script src="/core/misc/drupal.js?v=10.3.6"></script> <script src="/core/misc/drupal.init.js?v=10.3.6"></script> <script src="/core/assets/vendor/tabbable/index.umd.min.js?v=6.2.0"></script> <script src="/core/misc/debounce.js?v=10.3.6"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtm.js?snikw0"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtag.js?snikw0"></script> <script src="/core/misc/jquery.form.js?v=4.3.0"></script> <script src="/core/misc/progress.js?v=10.3.6"></script> <script src="/themes/contrib/bootstrap/js/misc/progress.js?snikw0"></script> <script src="/core/assets/vendor/loadjs/loadjs.min.js?v=4.3.0"></script> <script src="/core/misc/announce.js?v=10.3.6"></script> <script src="/core/misc/message.js?v=10.3.6"></script> <script src="/themes/contrib/bootstrap/js/misc/message.js?snikw0"></script> <script src="/core/misc/ajax.js?v=10.3.6"></script> <script src="/themes/contrib/bootstrap/js/misc/ajax.js?snikw0"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/google_tag/js/gtag.ajax.js?snikw0"></script> <script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.5.1/jquery.min.js"></script> </head> <body> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-M67WBF" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <header role="banner"> <div class="region region-header"> <div id="block-outdatedbrowser"> <div class="alert alert--alert "> <span class="alert__icon fa fa-exclamation-circle"></span> <div class="alert__content"> <span class="alert__title">Unsupported Browser Detected</span> <div class="alert__message"> <p>Internet Explorer lacks support for the features of this website. For the best experience, please use a modern browser such as Chrome, Firefox, or Edge.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <nav aria-label="block-noaamegamenu-menu" id="block-noaamegamenu"> <header class="site-header"> <div class="site-header__top"> <div class="site-header__top-bar--wrapper"> <div class="container"> <div class="site-header__top-bar"> <details id='details'> <summary><img class="usa-banner__header-flag" src="/themes/custom/noaa_components/images/645c86263e501848bd72e0a8_us_flag_small.svg" alt="U.S. flag">An official website of the United States government <span class="link"> Here’s how you know </span></summary> <div class="site-header--well"> <div class="site-header--notice"> <div> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/themes/custom/noaa_components/images/svgs/icon-dot-govern.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true"> </div> <div> <strong>Official websites use .gov</strong> <p>A <strong>.gov</strong> website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.</p> </div> </div> <div class="site-header--notice"> <div> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/themes/custom/noaa_components/images/svgs/icon-https.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true"> </div> <div> <strong>Secure .gov websites use HTTPS</strong> <p> A <strong>lock</strong> ( <span class="icon-lock"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="52" height="64" viewBox="0 0 52 64" class="usa-banner__lock-image" role="img" aria-labelledby="banner-lock-description" focusable="false"> <title id="banner-lock-title">Lock</title> <desc id="banner-lock-description">Locked padlock icon</desc> <path fill="#000000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M26 0c10.493 0 19 8.507 19 19v9h3a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v28a4 4 0 0 1-4 4H4a4 4 0 0 1-4-4V32a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h3v-9C7 8.507 15.507 0 26 0zm0 8c-5.979 0-10.843 4.77-10.996 10.712L15 19v9h22v-9c0-6.075-4.925-11-11-11z"></path> </svg> </span>) or <strong>https://</strong> means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. </p> </div> </div> </div> </details> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div id="block-promobanner" class="block_timestamp_1727789413"> </div> <div id="block-seafoodpromo" class="block_timestamp_1677885824"> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="site-header__branding col-lg-6 col-md-5 col-sm-8 col-xs-8"> <div class="site-header__label"> <a href="/" title="Home" class="site-header__label-image-link"> <img class="site-header__logo-text" src="/themes/custom/noaa_components/images/NOAA_FISHERIES_logoH.png" alt="NOAA Fisheries emblem"> </a> <br> </div> </div> <div class="col-lg-6 col-md-7 col-sm-6 hidden-sm hidden-xs"> <form id="input-search-form_header-search" class="input-search" action="/search" method="GET"> <label for="header-search" class="sr-only">Search NOAA Fisheries</label> <input type="search" id="header-search" name="oq" placeholder="Search NOAA Fisheries"> <button type="submit" class="fa fa-search input-search__button"><span class="sr-only">Search</span></button> </form> </div> <nav class="col-sm-4 col-xs-4 hidden-lg hidden-md site-header__menu"> <a class="site-header__menu-link" href="#" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="site-header__menu-icon fa fa-bars"></span>Menu</a> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-header__main hidden-sm hidden-xs"> <div class="container"> <nav class="main-menu"> <ul class="main-menu__items"> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--expanded"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" href="" >Find A Species</a> <ul class="main-menu__items main-menu__container--mega main-menu--hidden" id="container-1"> <li class="hidden"> <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--1"> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/find-species">Find a Species</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/dolphins-porpoises">Dolphins & Porpoises</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/fish-sharks">Fish & Sharks</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/highly-migratory-species">Highly Migratory Species</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/invertebrates">Invertebrates</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/sea-turtles">Sea Turtles</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/seals-sea-lions">Seals & Sea Lions</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/whales">Whales</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <span class="main-menu__title">Protected Species</span> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/species-directory/threatened-endangered">All Threatened & Endangered Species</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/species-directory/marine-mammals">Marine Mammals</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <span class="main-menu__title">Species By Region</span> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/species-directory?oq=&field_species_categories_vocab=All&field_region_vocab=1000001106&items_per_page=25">Alaska</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/species-directory?oq=&field_species_categories_vocab=All&field_region_vocab=1000001111&items_per_page=25">New England/Mid-Atlantic</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/species-directory?oq=&field_species_categories_vocab=All&field_region_vocab=1000001116&items_per_page=25">Pacific Islands</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/species-directory?oq=&field_species_categories_vocab=All&field_region_vocab=1000001121&items_per_page=25">Southeast</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/species-directory?oq=&field_species_categories_vocab=All&field_region_vocab=1000001126&items_per_page=25">West Coast</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <span class="main-menu__title">Helpful Resources</span> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/marine-life-viewing-guidelines">Marine Life Viewing Guidelines</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/marine-life-distress">Marine Life in Distress</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/report">Report a Stranded or Injured Marine Animal</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/endangered-species-conservation/species-in-the-spotlight">Species in the Spotlight</a> </li> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--expanded"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" href="" >Fishing & Seafood</a> <ul class="main-menu__items main-menu__container--mega main-menu--hidden" id="container-2"> <li class="hidden"> <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--1"> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/topic/sustainable-fisheries">Sustainable Fisheries</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/bycatch">Bycatch</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/laws-and-policies/catch-shares">Catch Shares</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/fishery-observers">Fishery Observers</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/international-affairs/iuu-fishing">Illegal, Unregulated, Unreported Fishing</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/laws-policies/magnuson-stevens-act">Magnuson-Stevens Act</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/science-data/research-surveys">Research Surveys</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/population-assessments">Population Assessments</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/topic/resources-fishing">Resources for Fishing</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/resources-fishing/commercial-fishing">Commercial Fishing</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/resources-fishing/recreational-fishing">Recreational Fishing</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/resources-fishing/subsistence-fishing">Subsistence Fishing</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/rules-and-announcements/notices-and-rules">Fishery Management Info</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/permits-and-forms/fishing-seafood">Permits & Forms</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/rules-and-regulations/fisheries">Rules & Regulations by Region</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/topic/sustainable-seafood">Sustainable Seafood</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/sustainable-seafood/seafood-profiles">Seafood Profiles</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/aquaculture">Aquaculture</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/seafood-commerce-and-trade">Commerce & Trade</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/seafood-commerce-and-trade/seafood-inspection">Seafood Inspection</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <span class="main-menu__title">Related Topics</span> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/atlantic-highly-migratory-species">Atlantic Highly Migratory Species </a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/offshore-wind-energy">Offshore Wind Energy</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/sustainable-fisheries/national-cooperative-research-program">Cooperative Research</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/enforcement">Enforcement</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/funding-opportunities/financial-services">Financial Services</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/international-affairs">International Affairs</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/science-and-data">Science & Data</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/socioeconomics">Socioeconomics</a> </li> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--expanded"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" href="" >Protecting Marine Life</a> <ul class="main-menu__items main-menu__container--mega main-menu--hidden" id="container-3"> <li class="hidden"> <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--1"> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/topic/endangered-species-conservation">Endangered Species Conservation</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/endangered-species-conservation/listing-species-under-endangered-species-act">Listing Species Under ESA</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/endangered-species-conservation/critical-habitat">Critical Habitat</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/consultations/endangered-species-act-consultations">Consultations</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/endangered-species-conservation/recovery-species-under-endangered-species-act">Species Recovery</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/science-data/research-surveys">Research Surveys</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/endangered-species-conservation/species-in-the-spotlight">Species in the Spotlight</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/laws-policies/endangered-species-act">Endangered Species Act</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/topic/marine-mammal-protection">Marine Mammal Protection</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/marine-life-distress/marine-mammal-health-and-stranding-response-program">Health & Stranding Response</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/laws-policies/marine-mammal-protection-act">Marine Mammal Protection Act</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/science-data/research-surveys">Research Surveys</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/population-assessments/marine-mammals">Population Assessments</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/marine-mammal-protection/marine-mammal-take-reduction-plans-and-teams">Take Reduction Plans</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/topic/marine-life-distress">Marine Life in Distress</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/report">Report a Stranded or Injured Marine Animal</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/bycatch">Bycatch</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/science-data/ocean-noise">Ocean Acoustics/Noise</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/marine-mammal-protection/marine-mammal-unusual-mortality-events">Unusual Mortality Events</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/insight/understanding-vessel-strikes">Vessel Strikes</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <span class="main-menu__title">Related Topics</span> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/marine-life-viewing-guidelines">Marine Life Viewing Guidelines</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/enforcement">Enforcement</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/funding-opportunities">Funding Opportunities</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/international-affairs/international-cooperation-on-key-issues">International Cooperation</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/permits-and-forms/protected-resources">Permits & Authorizations</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/rules-and-regulations/protected-resources">Regulations & Actions</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/offshore-wind-energy">Offshore Wind Energy</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/science-and-data">Science & Data</a> </li> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--expanded"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" href="" >Environment</a> <ul class="main-menu__items main-menu__container--mega main-menu--hidden" id="container-4"> <li class="hidden"> <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--1"> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/topic/ecosystems">Ecosystems</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/ecosystems/regional-ecosystems">U.S. Regional Ecosystems </a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/ecosystems/evolving-management">Management</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/ecosystems/ecosystem-science">Ecosystem Science</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/topic/habitat-conservation">Habitat Conservation</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/habitat-conservation/habitat-restoration-under-bipartisan-infrastructure-law-and-inflation-reduction-act">Priority Restoration Investments</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/habitat-conservation/how-we-restore">Habitat Restoration</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/habitat-conservation/how-we-protect">Habitat Protection</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/habitat-conservation/types-of-habitat">Types of Habitat</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/habitat-conservation/habitat-conservation-in-the-regions">Habitat by Region</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/habitat-conservation/science">Science</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/consultations/habitat-consultations">Consultations</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/topic/climate-change">Climate Change</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/climate-change/understanding-the-impacts">Understanding the Impacts</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/climate-change/climate-change-solutions">Climate Change Solutions</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/topic/climate-change/climate,-ecosystems,-and-fisheries">Climate, Ecosystems & Fisheries Initiative</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/climate-change/regional-activities">Regional Activities</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/offshore-wind-energy">Offshore Wind Energy</a> </li> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--expanded"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" href="" >Regions</a> <ul class="main-menu__items main-menu__container--mega main-menu--hidden" id="container-5"> <li class="hidden"> <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--1"> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/regions">Our Regions</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/region/alaska">Alaska</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/region/new-england-mid-atlantic">New England/ Mid-Atlantic</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/region/pacific-islands">Pacific Islands</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/region/southeast">Southeast</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/region/west-coast">West Coast</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <span class="main-menu__title">Contact Us</span> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/contact-directory/regional-offices">Regional Offices</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/contact-directory/science-centers">Science Centers</a> </li> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--expanded"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" href="" >Resources & Services</a> <ul class="main-menu__items main-menu__container--mega main-menu--hidden" id="container-6"> <li class="hidden"> <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--1"> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <span class="main-menu__title">Rules & Regulations</span> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/rules-and-regulations/fisheries">Fisheries Rules & Regs</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/rules-and-announcements/notices-and-rules">Fisheries Management Info</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/rules-and-regulations/protected-resources">Protected Resources Regs & Actions</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <span class="main-menu__title">Permits</span> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/permits-and-forms/fishing-seafood">Fishing & Seafood</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/permits-and-forms/protected-resources">Protected Resources</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/fishing-and-seafood-permits?fishing_permits%5B1000008636%5D=1000008636">International & Trade</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <span class="main-menu__title">Funding & Financial Services</span> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/funding-opportunities/funding-opportunities">Funding Opportunities</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/funding-opportunities/financial-services">Financial Services</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/grant/john-h-prescott-marine-mammal-rescue-assistance-grant-program">Prescott Grants</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/grant/saltonstall-kennedy-grant-program">Saltonstall-Kennedy Grants</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/grant/coastal-and-marine-habitat-restoration-grants">Habitat Restoration Grants</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/topic/consultations">Consultations</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/consultations/habitat-consultations">Habitat</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/consultations/endangered-species-act-consultations">Endangered Species</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/consultations/tribal-engagements-and-consultations">Tribal</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/science-and-data">Science & Data</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/resources/research">Research</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/resources/surveys">Surveys</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/resources/data">Data</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/resources/maps">Maps & GIS</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/resources/all-publications">Publications</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/resources/peer-reviewed-research">Published Research</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/resources/key-reports">Key Reports</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/resources/documents">Documents</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/resources/publication-databases">Publication Databases</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/resources/outreach-materials">Outreach Materials</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/topic/laws-policies">Laws & Policies</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/laws-policies/magnuson-stevens-act">Magnuson-Stevens Act</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/laws-policies/endangered-species-act">Endangered Species Act</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/laws-policies/marine-mammal-protection-act">Marine Mammal Protection Act</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/laws-policies/policies">Policies</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/outreach-and-education">Outreach & Education</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/resources/for-educators">For Educators</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/resources/for-students">For Students</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/resources/educational-materials">Educational Materials</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/resources/outreach-materials">Outreach Materials</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/teacher-at-sea-program">Teacher at Sea</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/resources/outreach-events">Events</a> </li> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__item main-menu__item--expanded"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" href="" >About Us</a> <ul class="main-menu__items main-menu__container--mega main-menu--hidden" id="container-7"> <li class="hidden"> <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--1"> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <span class="main-menu__title">NOAA Fisheries</span> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/about-us">Our Mission</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/about-us/who-we-are">Who We Are</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/about-us/where-we-work">Where We Work</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/about-us/our-history">Our History</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <span class="main-menu__title">News & Media</span> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/news-and-announcements/news">News & Announcements</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/news-and-announcements/bulletins">Bulletins</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/news-and-announcements/multimedia">Multimedia</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/news-and-announcements/science-blog">Science Blogs</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/events">Events</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="https://videos.fisheries.noaa.gov/">Video Gallery</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/photo-gallery">Photo Gallery</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/topic/careers-more">Careers & More</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/careers-more/career-paths">Career Paths</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/careers-more/noaa-fisheries-hiring-positions-available-support-inflation-reduction-act">Inflation Reduction Act Opportunities</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/careers-more/internships-and-more">Internships</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/careers-more/citizen-science-and-volunteering">Citizen Science and Volunteering</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/careers-more/diversity-and-inclusion">Diversity & Inclusion</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/contact-us">Contact Us</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/contact-directory/national-program-offices">National Program Offices</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/contact-directory/regional-offices">Regional Offices</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/contact-directory/science-centers">Science Centers</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <a class="link--cta" href="/topic/partners">Our Partners</a> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/partners">Regional Fishery Management Councils</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/partners/marine-fisheries-advisory-committee">Marine Fisheries Advisory Committee</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/partners/american-fisheries-advisory-committee">American Fisheries Advisory Committee</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/partners/government-agencies">Government Agencies</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/topic/partners/non-government-organizations">Non-Government Organizations</a> </li> </li> </ul> <li class="main-menu__column--mega" > <ul class="main-menu--mega main-menu--2"> <span class="main-menu__title">Inflation Reduction Act</span> <br> <div class="bar" ></div> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/climate/helping-america-prepare-and-respond-climate-change-under-inflation-reduction-act">Priority Investments</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/tags/inflation-reduction-act">Recent Updates</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/habitat-conservation/habitat-restoration-under-bipartisan-infrastructure-law-and-inflation-reduction-act">Habitat Restoration</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/endangered-species-conservation/north-atlantic-right-whale-recovery-under-inflation-reduction-act">North Atlantic Right Whales</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/national/climate/recovering-pacific-salmon-under-inflation-reduction-act">Pacific Salmon</a> </li> <li class="main-menu__item"> <a class="link link--text main-menu__link" href="/climate/red-snapper-data-improvements-under-inflation-reduction-act">Red Snapper</a> </li> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="site-header__bottom hidden-lg hidden-md"> <nav class="mobile-menu"> <ul class="mobile-menu__level" data-level="1" aria-expanded="false"> <form id="input-search-form_header-search-mobile" class="input-search" action="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/search" method="GET"> <label for="header-search-mobile" class="sr-only">Search NOAA Fisheries</label> <input type="search" id="header-search-mobile" name="oq" placeholder="Search NOAA Fisheries"> <button type="submit" class="fa fa-search input-search__button"><span class="sr-only">Search</span></button> </form> <ul class="mobile-menu__items"> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--first mobile-menu__item--expanded"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="#" >Find A Species</a> <ul class="mobile-menu__level" data-level="2" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="mobile-menu__back"> <a class="link link--breadcrumb" href="#" role="button">Back</a> </div> <div class="mobile-menu__explore"> <span class="link link-cta">Find A Species</span> </div> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/find-species">Find a Species</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/dolphins-porpoises" title="Dolphins & Porpoises">Dolphins & Porpoises</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/fish-sharks" title="Fish & Sharks">Fish & Sharks</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/highly-migratory-species" title="Highly Migratory Species">Highly Migratory Species</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/invertebrates" title="Invertebrates">Invertebrates</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/sea-turtles" title="Sea Turtles">Sea Turtles</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/seals-sea-lions" title="Seals & Sea Lions">Seals & Sea Lions</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/whales" title="Whales">Whales</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mobile-menu__title">Protected Species</span> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/species-directory/threatened-endangered" title="All Threatened & Endangered Species">All Threatened & Endangered Species</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/species-directory/marine-mammals" title="Marine Mammals">Marine Mammals</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mobile-menu__title">Species By Region</span> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/species-directory?oq=&field_species_categories_vocab=All&field_region_vocab=1000001106&items_per_page=25" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/species-directory?oq=&field_species_categories_vocab=All&field_region_vocab=1000001111&items_per_page=25" title="New England/Mid-Atlantic">New England/Mid-Atlantic</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/species-directory?oq=&field_species_categories_vocab=All&field_region_vocab=1000001116&items_per_page=25" title="Pacific Islands">Pacific Islands</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/species-directory?oq=&field_species_categories_vocab=All&field_region_vocab=1000001121&items_per_page=25" title="Southeast">Southeast</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/species-directory?oq=&field_species_categories_vocab=All&field_region_vocab=1000001126&items_per_page=25" title="West Coast">West Coast</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mobile-menu__title">Helpful Resources</span> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/marine-life-viewing-guidelines" title="Marine Life Viewing Guidelines">Marine Life Viewing Guidelines</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/marine-life-distress" title="Marine Life in Distress">Marine Life in Distress</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/report" title="Report a Stranded or Injured Marine Animal">Report a Stranded or Injured Marine Animal</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/endangered-species-conservation/species-in-the-spotlight" title="Species in the Spotlight">Species in the Spotlight</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--first mobile-menu__item--expanded"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="#" >Fishing & Seafood</a> <ul class="mobile-menu__level" data-level="2" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="mobile-menu__back"> <a class="link link--breadcrumb" href="#" role="button">Back</a> </div> <div class="mobile-menu__explore"> <span class="link link-cta">Fishing & Seafood</span> </div> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/topic/sustainable-fisheries">Sustainable Fisheries</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/bycatch" title="Bycatch">Bycatch</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/laws-and-policies/catch-shares" title="Catch Shares">Catch Shares</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/fishery-observers" title="Fishery Observers">Fishery Observers</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/international-affairs/iuu-fishing" title="Illegal, Unregulated, Unreported Fishing">Illegal, Unregulated, Unreported Fishing</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/laws-policies/magnuson-stevens-act" title="Magnuson-Stevens Act">Magnuson-Stevens Act</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/science-data/research-surveys" title="Research Surveys">Research Surveys</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/population-assessments" title="Population Assessments">Population Assessments</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/topic/resources-fishing">Resources for Fishing</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/resources-fishing/commercial-fishing" title="Commercial Fishing">Commercial Fishing</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/resources-fishing/recreational-fishing" title="Recreational Fishing">Recreational Fishing</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/resources-fishing/subsistence-fishing" title="Subsistence Fishing">Subsistence Fishing</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/rules-and-announcements/notices-and-rules" title="Fishery Management Info">Fishery Management Info</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/permits-and-forms/fishing-seafood" title="Permits & Forms">Permits & Forms</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/rules-and-regulations/fisheries" title="Rules & Regulations by Region">Rules & Regulations by Region</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/topic/sustainable-seafood">Sustainable Seafood</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/sustainable-seafood/seafood-profiles" title="Seafood Profiles">Seafood Profiles</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/aquaculture" title="Aquaculture">Aquaculture</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/seafood-commerce-and-trade" title="Commerce & Trade">Commerce & Trade</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/seafood-commerce-and-trade/seafood-inspection" title="Seafood Inspection">Seafood Inspection</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mobile-menu__title">Related Topics</span> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/atlantic-highly-migratory-species" title="Atlantic Highly Migratory Species ">Atlantic Highly Migratory Species </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/offshore-wind-energy" title="Offshore Wind Energy">Offshore Wind Energy</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/sustainable-fisheries/national-cooperative-research-program" title="Cooperative Research">Cooperative Research</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/enforcement" title="Enforcement">Enforcement</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/funding-opportunities/financial-services" title="Financial Services">Financial Services</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/international-affairs" title="International Affairs">International Affairs</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/science-and-data" title="Science & Data">Science & Data</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/socioeconomics" title="Socioeconomics">Socioeconomics</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--first mobile-menu__item--expanded"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="#" >Protecting Marine Life</a> <ul class="mobile-menu__level" data-level="2" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="mobile-menu__back"> <a class="link link--breadcrumb" href="#" role="button">Back</a> </div> <div class="mobile-menu__explore"> <span class="link link-cta">Protecting Marine Life</span> </div> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/topic/endangered-species-conservation">Endangered Species Conservation</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/endangered-species-conservation/listing-species-under-endangered-species-act" title="Listing Species Under ESA">Listing Species Under ESA</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/endangered-species-conservation/critical-habitat" title="Critical Habitat">Critical Habitat</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/consultations/endangered-species-act-consultations" title="Consultations">Consultations</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/endangered-species-conservation/recovery-species-under-endangered-species-act" title="Species Recovery">Species Recovery</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/science-data/research-surveys" title="Research Surveys">Research Surveys</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/endangered-species-conservation/species-in-the-spotlight" title="Species in the Spotlight">Species in the Spotlight</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/laws-policies/endangered-species-act" title="Endangered Species Act">Endangered Species Act</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/topic/marine-mammal-protection">Marine Mammal Protection</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/marine-life-distress/marine-mammal-health-and-stranding-response-program" title="Health & Stranding Response">Health & Stranding Response</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/laws-policies/marine-mammal-protection-act" title="Marine Mammal Protection Act">Marine Mammal Protection Act</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/science-data/research-surveys" title="Research Surveys">Research Surveys</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/population-assessments/marine-mammals" title="Population Assessments">Population Assessments</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/marine-mammal-protection/marine-mammal-take-reduction-plans-and-teams" title="Take Reduction Plans">Take Reduction Plans</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/topic/marine-life-distress">Marine Life in Distress</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/report" title="Report a Stranded or Injured Marine Animal">Report a Stranded or Injured Marine Animal</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/bycatch" title="Bycatch">Bycatch</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/science-data/ocean-noise" title="Ocean Acoustics/Noise">Ocean Acoustics/Noise</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/marine-mammal-protection/marine-mammal-unusual-mortality-events" title="Unusual Mortality Events">Unusual Mortality Events</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/insight/understanding-vessel-strikes" title="Vessel Strikes">Vessel Strikes</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mobile-menu__title">Related Topics</span> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/marine-life-viewing-guidelines" title="Marine Life Viewing Guidelines">Marine Life Viewing Guidelines</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/enforcement" title="Enforcement">Enforcement</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/funding-opportunities" title="Funding Opportunities">Funding Opportunities</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/international-affairs/international-cooperation-on-key-issues" title="International Cooperation">International Cooperation</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/permits-and-forms/protected-resources" title="Permits & Authorizations">Permits & Authorizations</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/rules-and-regulations/protected-resources" title="Regulations & Actions">Regulations & Actions</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/offshore-wind-energy" title="Offshore Wind Energy">Offshore Wind Energy</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/science-and-data" title="Science & Data">Science & Data</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--first mobile-menu__item--expanded"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="#" >Environment</a> <ul class="mobile-menu__level" data-level="2" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="mobile-menu__back"> <a class="link link--breadcrumb" href="#" role="button">Back</a> </div> <div class="mobile-menu__explore"> <span class="link link-cta">Environment</span> </div> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/topic/ecosystems">Ecosystems</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/ecosystems/regional-ecosystems" title="U.S. Regional Ecosystems ">U.S. Regional Ecosystems </a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/ecosystems/evolving-management" title="Management">Management</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/ecosystems/ecosystem-science" title="Ecosystem Science">Ecosystem Science</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/topic/habitat-conservation">Habitat Conservation</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/habitat-conservation/habitat-restoration-under-bipartisan-infrastructure-law-and-inflation-reduction-act" title="Priority Restoration Investments">Priority Restoration Investments</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/habitat-conservation/how-we-restore" title="Habitat Restoration">Habitat Restoration</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/habitat-conservation/how-we-protect" title="Habitat Protection">Habitat Protection</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/habitat-conservation/types-of-habitat" title="Types of Habitat">Types of Habitat</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/habitat-conservation/habitat-conservation-in-the-regions" title="Habitat by Region">Habitat by Region</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/habitat-conservation/science" title="Science">Science</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/consultations/habitat-consultations" title="Consultations">Consultations</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/topic/climate-change">Climate Change</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/climate-change/understanding-the-impacts" title="Understanding the Impacts">Understanding the Impacts</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/climate-change/climate-change-solutions" title="Climate Change Solutions">Climate Change Solutions</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/topic/climate-change/climate,-ecosystems,-and-fisheries" title="Climate, Ecosystems & Fisheries Initiative">Climate, Ecosystems & Fisheries Initiative</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/climate-change/regional-activities" title="Regional Activities">Regional Activities</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/offshore-wind-energy" title="Offshore Wind Energy">Offshore Wind Energy</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--first mobile-menu__item--expanded"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="#" >Regions</a> <ul class="mobile-menu__level" data-level="2" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="mobile-menu__back"> <a class="link link--breadcrumb" href="#" role="button">Back</a> </div> <div class="mobile-menu__explore"> <span class="link link-cta">Regions</span> </div> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/regions">Our Regions</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/region/alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/region/new-england-mid-atlantic" title="New England/ Mid-Atlantic">New England/ Mid-Atlantic</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/region/pacific-islands" title="Pacific Islands">Pacific Islands</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/region/southeast" title="Southeast">Southeast</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/region/west-coast" title="West Coast">West Coast</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mobile-menu__title">Contact Us</span> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/contact-directory/regional-offices" title="Regional Offices">Regional Offices</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/contact-directory/science-centers" title="Science Centers">Science Centers</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--first mobile-menu__item--expanded"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="#" >Resources & Services</a> <ul class="mobile-menu__level" data-level="2" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="mobile-menu__back"> <a class="link link--breadcrumb" href="#" role="button">Back</a> </div> <div class="mobile-menu__explore"> <span class="link link-cta">Resources & Services</span> </div> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mobile-menu__title">Rules & Regulations</span> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/rules-and-regulations/fisheries" title="Fisheries Rules & Regs">Fisheries Rules & Regs</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/rules-and-announcements/notices-and-rules" title="Fisheries Management Info">Fisheries Management Info</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/rules-and-regulations/protected-resources" title="Protected Resources Regs & Actions">Protected Resources Regs & Actions</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mobile-menu__title">Permits</span> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/permits-and-forms/fishing-seafood" title="Fishing & Seafood">Fishing & Seafood</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/permits-and-forms/protected-resources" title="Protected Resources">Protected Resources</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/fishing-and-seafood-permits?fishing_permits%5B1000008636%5D=1000008636" title="International & Trade">International & Trade</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mobile-menu__title">Funding & Financial Services</span> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/funding-opportunities/funding-opportunities" title="Funding Opportunities">Funding Opportunities</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/funding-opportunities/financial-services" title="Financial Services">Financial Services</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/grant/john-h-prescott-marine-mammal-rescue-assistance-grant-program" title="Prescott Grants">Prescott Grants</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/grant/saltonstall-kennedy-grant-program" title="Saltonstall-Kennedy Grants">Saltonstall-Kennedy Grants</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/grant/coastal-and-marine-habitat-restoration-grants" title="Habitat Restoration Grants">Habitat Restoration Grants</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/topic/consultations">Consultations</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/consultations/habitat-consultations" title="Habitat">Habitat</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/consultations/endangered-species-act-consultations" title="Endangered Species">Endangered Species</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/consultations/tribal-engagements-and-consultations" title="Tribal">Tribal</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/science-and-data">Science & Data</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/resources/research" title="Research">Research</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/resources/surveys" title="Surveys">Surveys</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/resources/data" title="Data">Data</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/resources/maps" title="Maps & GIS">Maps & GIS</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/resources/all-publications">Publications</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/resources/peer-reviewed-research" title="Published Research">Published Research</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/resources/key-reports" title="Key Reports">Key Reports</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/resources/documents" title="Documents">Documents</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/resources/publication-databases" title="Publication Databases">Publication Databases</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/resources/outreach-materials" title="Outreach Materials">Outreach Materials</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/topic/laws-policies">Laws & Policies</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/laws-policies/magnuson-stevens-act" title="Magnuson-Stevens Act">Magnuson-Stevens Act</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/laws-policies/endangered-species-act" title="Endangered Species Act">Endangered Species Act</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/laws-policies/marine-mammal-protection-act" title="Marine Mammal Protection Act">Marine Mammal Protection Act</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/laws-policies/policies" title="Policies">Policies</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/outreach-and-education">Outreach & Education</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/resources/for-educators" title="For Educators">For Educators</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/resources/for-students" title="For Students">For Students</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/resources/educational-materials" title="Educational Materials">Educational Materials</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/resources/outreach-materials" title="Outreach Materials">Outreach Materials</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/teacher-at-sea-program" title="Teacher at Sea">Teacher at Sea</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/resources/outreach-events" title="Events">Events</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--first mobile-menu__item--expanded"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="#" >About Us</a> <ul class="mobile-menu__level" data-level="2" aria-expanded="false"> <div class="mobile-menu__back"> <a class="link link--breadcrumb" href="#" role="button">Back</a> </div> <div class="mobile-menu__explore"> <span class="link link-cta">About Us</span> </div> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mobile-menu__title">NOAA Fisheries</span> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/about-us" title="Our Mission">Our Mission</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/about-us/who-we-are" title="Who We Are">Who We Are</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/about-us/where-we-work" title="Where We Work">Where We Work</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/about-us/our-history" title="Our History">Our History</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mobile-menu__title">News & Media</span> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/news-and-announcements/news" title="News & Announcements">News & Announcements</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/news-and-announcements/bulletins" title="Bulletins">Bulletins</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/news-and-announcements/multimedia" title="Multimedia">Multimedia</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/news-and-announcements/science-blog" title="Science Blogs">Science Blogs</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/events" title="Events">Events</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="https://videos.fisheries.noaa.gov/" title="Video Gallery">Video Gallery</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/photo-gallery" title="Photo Gallery">Photo Gallery</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/topic/careers-more">Careers & More</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/careers-more/career-paths" title="Career Paths">Career Paths</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/careers-more/noaa-fisheries-hiring-positions-available-support-inflation-reduction-act" title="Inflation Reduction Act Opportunities">Inflation Reduction Act Opportunities</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/careers-more/internships-and-more" title="Internships">Internships</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/careers-more/citizen-science-and-volunteering" title="Citizen Science and Volunteering">Citizen Science and Volunteering</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/careers-more/diversity-and-inclusion" title="Diversity & Inclusion">Diversity & Inclusion</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/contact-us">Contact Us</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/contact-directory/national-program-offices" title="National Program Offices">National Program Offices</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/contact-directory/regional-offices" title="Regional Offices">Regional Offices</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/contact-directory/science-centers" title="Science Centers">Science Centers</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <a class="link link--cta" href="/topic/partners">Our Partners</a> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/partners" title="Regional Fishery Management Councils">Regional Fishery Management Councils</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/partners/marine-fisheries-advisory-committee" title="Marine Fisheries Advisory Committee">Marine Fisheries Advisory Committee</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/partners/american-fisheries-advisory-committee" title="American Fisheries Advisory Committee">American Fisheries Advisory Committee</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/partners/government-agencies" title="Government Agencies">Government Agencies</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/topic/partners/non-government-organizations" title="Non-Government Organizations">Non-Government Organizations</a> </li> </ul> </li> <ul class="mobile-menu__level list--arrow" data-level="3" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="mobile-menu__title">Inflation Reduction Act</span> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/climate/helping-america-prepare-and-respond-climate-change-under-inflation-reduction-act" title="Priority Investments">Priority Investments</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/tags/inflation-reduction-act" title="Recent Updates">Recent Updates</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/habitat-conservation/habitat-restoration-under-bipartisan-infrastructure-law-and-inflation-reduction-act" title="Habitat Restoration">Habitat Restoration</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/endangered-species-conservation/north-atlantic-right-whale-recovery-under-inflation-reduction-act" title="North Atlantic Right Whales">North Atlantic Right Whales</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/national/climate/recovering-pacific-salmon-under-inflation-reduction-act" title="Pacific Salmon">Pacific Salmon</a> </li> <li class="mobile-menu__item mobile-menu__item--second"> <a class="mobile-menu__link link link--text" href="/climate/red-snapper-data-improvements-under-inflation-reduction-act" title="Red Snapper">Red Snapper</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </ul> </nav> </div> </header> </nav> </div> </header> <main class="main-container container js-quickedit-main-content" id="main-content" tabindex="-1"> <div class="row"> <section class="col-sm-12"> <div class="region region-content"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> <span class="a2a_kit a2a_kit_size_32 addtoany_list" data-a2a-url="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/podcast/ai-identifies-mysterious-whale-calls" data-a2a-title="AI Identifies Mysterious Whale Calls"><a class="a2a_button_facebook" alt="Facebook"></a><a class="a2a_button_x" alt="Twitter"></a><a class="a2a_button_linkedin" alt="Linkedin"></a><a class="a2a_button_reddit" alt="Reddit"></a><a class="a2a_dd" alt="Share"></a></span> <div about="/podcast/ai-identifies-mysterious-whale-calls"> <div about="/podcast/ai-identifies-mysterious-whale-calls" class="article article--news"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="content-header hr"> <nav class="content-header__breadcrumb"><a href="/news-and-announcements/multimedia" class="link link--breadcrumb">Podcast</a></nav> <h1 class="content-header__title"> <span>AI Identifies Mysterious Whale Calls</span> </h1> <p class="caption content-header__date">November 07, 2024</p> <p class="content-header__content text--large">Hear from the NOAA Fisheries scientist who identified Bryde’s whales as the source of a new whale call—biotwang—in the North Pacific. With Google AI and machine learning, we sorted through thousands of hours of acoustic recordings to identify these calls.<br /> <br /> </p> <div class="content-header__footer"> <span class="content-header__label"><a href="/taxonomy/term/1000357856" hreflang="en">Dive In with NOAA Fisheries</a></span> <span class="content-header__divider">|</span> <span class="content-header__region"> <div class="regions "> <div class="regions__vocab"> <span class="pacific-islands"> <a class="link link--region link--region-pacific-islands" href="/region/pacific-islands">Pacific Islands</a> </span> </div> </div> </span> <div class="field field--name-field-podcast field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field--item"> <div class="podcast-teaser"> <div class="podcast-teaser__player"> <div class="field field--name-field-media-sound field--type-entity-reference field--label-hidden field--items"> <div class="field--item"><div> <div class="field field--name-field-media-file field--type-file field--label-visually_hidden"> <div class="field--label sr-only">Audio file</div> <div class="field--item"><audio controls="controls"> <source src="/s3//2024-11/DIwNF-BioTwang-final-11724.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" /> </audio> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="podcast-teaser__actions"> <div class="podcast-teaser__main-actions"> <span class="podcast-teaser__transcript-action"> <a href="#! " id="podcast-teaser__transcript-toggle">View Transcript</a> </span> </div> <div class="podcast-teaser__secondary-actions"> <span class="podcast-teaser__rss-action"> <span class="fa fa-rss-square"></span> <a href=https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/podcast-feed>RSS</a> </span> <span class="podcast-teaser__action-separator"> | </span> <span class="podcast-teaser__itunes-action"> <span class="fab fa-itunes"></span> <a href=https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/dive-in-with-noaa-fisheries/id1612835177>iTunes</a> </span> </div> </div> <div id="podcast-teaser__transcript" class="field--item"> <h2 class="modal-title modal__title"> <span>AI Identifies Mysterious Whale Calls</span> </h2> <p>0:00:02.5 John Sheehan: I love talking to NOAA scientists whose work involves listening to the ocean, whether it's with passive acoustic monitoring to hear the species in a certain area, or using Sonobuoys off of ships to identify rare whales. I find it fascinating that the technology and the researchers themselves have gotten so sophisticated that they can discern these underwater signals. And I'll usually ask them some variation on the question, do you ever hear anything new or unexplained? Which is what I asked Dr. Danielle Cholewiak of NOAA's Northeast Fishery Science Center a few years ago, and she said.<br /> <br /> 0:00:36.3 Danielle Cholewiak: We are always hearing new things. And then we embark on a process of trying to figure out what those sounds are, who's producing them. It's pretty amazing. There's always something new to learn.<br /> <br /> 0:00:47.2 JS: This is Dive In with NOAA Fisheries. I'm John Sheehan. And today we're going to hear a whale call that was finally successfully attributed to a protected but enigmatic whale species. And we'll hear how machine learning and AI is now helping identify these whales and many others among hours of recorded ocean sounds. So, let's start with the story of this specific whale call known as the BioTwang.<br /> <br /> 0:01:12.3 Ann Allen: It sounds very artificial. You'd never guess that it was made by an animal. You'd think that it was maybe some secretive navy activities going on out in the ocean.<br /> <br /> 0:01:21.1 JS: This is Dr. Ann Allen, a research oceanographer for the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center, and one of the authors of a new study linking the BioTwang to the Bryde's whale, a baleen whale about which not much is known. So, let's hear this thing. Ready? <br /> <br /> [vocalization]<br /> <br /> 0:01:41.2 JS: It's pretty weird, right? Let's hear it again.<br /> <br /> [vocalization]<br /> <br /> 0:01:47.5 JS: So Ann, what are we hearing? What is this BioTwang? <br /> <br /> 0:01:51.4 AA: Well, It's a multi-part call. So it has some low frequency components and some high frequency components. And some of those high frequency components sound very Star Trek like, very artificial and not, not something you'd expect to be made by any sort of animal. And so it's not... We have heard several other whale calls that are also artificial sounding like that, but it's not by any means common.<br /> <br /> 0:02:15.1 JS: Yeah. And so, what I'm hearing kind of in that first initial like, like whomp sound, it sounds almost like feedbacky, like something's like impacting the microphone. Is that right or is that all, is that all just what the whale sounds like? <br /> <br /> 0:02:32.7 AA: No. It's just what the whale sounds like. That's the really low frequency. It's down at about 37 Hz and so it travels really far and if it's relatively close by, has a lot of power behind it. So it just hits the, the hydrophone really hard.<br /> <br /> 0:02:48.2 JS: Yeah. Seriously. And then, and, and right behind it, it's, it's all part of the same call that like wi wi wi wi wi wi.<br /> <br /> [laughter]<br /> <br /> 0:02:54.3 AA: Yeah. Yeah. It's multi-part call. It's got some really high frequency for a baleen whale sections and then some of the lower frequency and then all the stuff in between and some really broadband sections.<br /> <br /> 0:03:04.7 JS: That's crazy. Can you tell us a story about kind of first detecting it? <br /> <br /> 0:03:09.3 AA: Yeah. So, it was actually first detected by Oregon State University. They were doing an autonomous seaglider survey over the Mariana Trench and they heard the BioTwang, and because it was a seaglider, there's nobody out there to identify what whale was making the sound. But because we have heard other artificial sounding whale calls in the past, they did guess that it was probably made by a baleen whale, but they couldn't figure out what whale it was without somebody actually present at the time.<br /> <br /> 0:03:37.6 JS: And before we go further, how did the name BioTwang happen? What, what was the genesis of this name? <br /> <br /> 0:03:43.7 AA: You'd have to ask the original authors that, and they came up with Western Pacific BioTwang. It sounds very twangy in some sense, like a banjo. So I'm guessing they were thinking like biological twang. I spoke with them whenever this came out and they said, "Oh, you can change the name if you want to." And I was like, "Nope. It's sticking. It's great." [chuckle]<br /> <br /> 0:04:00.9 JS: No. It's clearly appropriate. I mean, once you've heard it, yes, so that's a BioTwang.<br /> <br /> 0:04:04.3 AA: Yes.<br /> <br /> 0:04:05.5 JS: Complete sense. So it was detected, if I'm correct, in 2014? <br /> <br /> 0:04:10.2 AA: Mm-hmm.<br /> <br /> 0:04:11.0 JS: And what has been happening in the intervening decade since it was detected till now? <br /> <br /> 0:04:15.1 AA: Well, it didn't actually take 10 years. Some of that delay is the academic publication process, but in general it's really difficult to identify what animals make a sound because it requires visual observers, people actually on the water, which is really time intensive and expensive. And in the case of relatively rare species like a Bryde's Whale, it involves having both the visual observers and acoustic equipment and a fair bit of luck of being in the right place at the right time. But we did, it was only four years later in 2018, we were doing a survey for cetaceans—whales and dolphins—in the Mariana Archipelago where we had highly trained visual observers looking for whale groups. And we also had acoustics on the ship. So we had, during a month-long cruise, our visual observers saw 10 different sightings of Bryde's whales. And then we often throw instruments called sonobuoys, which are just autonomous ranged radio hydrophones, so we can listen while we're on the boat to what's in the water at the same time. And in nine of those observations, we also heard the BioTwang. Once is a coincidence, twice is happenstance, nine times it's definitely a Bryde's whale.<br /> <br /> 0:05:20.1 JS: And what has this new classification been able to tell you about Bryde's whales? <br /> <br /> 0:05:26.6 AA: Well, initially it's just important to be able to identify what animal is making a sound because we use acoustics to monitor the health and status of a lot of the citation populations, particularly in the North Pacific, because we're responsible for monitoring these animals around the U.S.-owned islands and territories. And some of those are really remote and really far away and very expensive and difficult to access. But if we put a hydrophone down and leave it there for a year or even up to a year and a half, two years, and then get it back and we know what sounds the different whales and dolphins make, we can then have an idea of which animals, which species were in the area at what time, which starts to give us an idea of what kind of movements they're undertaking and seasonal patterns and then get a little bit of an insight into how their populations are doing.<br /> <br /> 0:06:15.2 JS: And that gets to a little bit about another topic I wanna talk to you about today, and that's how you kind of comb through all this data. You just mentioned that you've, you are responsible for monitoring a vast swath of ocean, a lot of, a lot of underwater territory, and you're collecting a lot of data, a lot of audio recordings that would take a very, very, very long time to go through. And and to do this you need to use AI.<br /> <br /> 0:06:43.4 AA: Yeah. Well, not initially, but we have been collecting acoustic data in the North Pacific for, since 2005 at some locations. And we've got several really long-term monitoring locations. In that time we've collected about 200,000 hours of acoustic recordings, which is just way more than any person can sit and listen to or we've transformed them into spectrograms, which is a visual representation of sound. So even more than a person could look through. And that's where AI comes in. There have been some historical methods for automatically going through acoustic data. They all come with some caveats and a fair amount of manual handholding to get them to work. But especially in the case of the BioTwang with a brand new call, there were no detectors that were already made for this call. It was a brand new thing. We had no labels for it in our data and that's where AI came in and was really helpful in going through our entire data set and finding the locations of all of those BioTwangs.<br /> <br /> 0:07:43.3 JS: So cool. So you're able to sort of take this identified, you're like, "Yes! This is the BioTwang, this belongs to the Bryde's whale." And teach a computer to go through the rest of your data set and say like, pick out the rest of them.<br /> <br /> 0:07:57.9 AA: Yeah. We worked with Google back in 2018 to develop a machine learning model to identify humpback song in our acoustic data. And we kept in contact and continued working with them and they had started on a multi-species machine learning model, multi whale species. They had gotten more collaborators and started getting labels for more people. And when we identified the BioTwang, we went to them and asked, "Would you be able to add this to the multi-species model?" And it took some manual annotation on our part where we went through and put some labels on some of the BioTwang so that the computer can learn what a BioTwang looks like. And then did several rounds of machine learning training for the model and then actually got back out the Biotwangs with pretty good accuracy. The computer learned it really well and was able to pick it out in all of our locations.<br /> <br /> 0:08:47.2 JS: And this is certainly a lot more, I think, covered and in popular discussion today, but when you began this work with Google, it was really kind of before people were talking about what it means to have machine learning and these detection methods. Can you tell us how you kind of got into working with Google and what, what your initial idea was? <br /> <br /> 0:09:09.2 AA: Yeah. It was a little serendipitous. I started working for NOAA back in 2017 and I moved from working with animal acoustic tags, which was very short data sets. You put a tag on an animal, it stays on for 24 hours, you get it back and you can look through the data pretty quickly by hand. So I didn't have a lot of experience with this type of really large data set and whenever I was presented with this just massive data set, I was a little bit confounded about what to do with it and how to go about perusing it and finding meaningful information in it. And I was talking to my dad who is not a scientist, and he was like, "Yeah. Just get Google to do it for you." And I was like, "Well that's stupid. Google's not gonna do that for me." [laughter] But, you know, dad is always right.<br /> <br /> 0:09:54.2 AA: So I reached out, I had one friend at Google who worked for Google at the time, and she put me in touch with some of their research groups and they were actually very interested in our acoustic data. They were just sort of spinning up their machine learning at the time and they were very interested. Everybody likes whales, so they were very interested in something that would do some good in the world and they helped us to make a machine learning model, which at the time took a fair amount of compute power and resources to spin up, especially with the size of our dataset. And the size of the dataset in and of itself is actually a challenge because the data that they need is labeled data in order to train the machine learning model. So we did have to get a little bit creative in order to make some more of those labels and bootstrap some of the work that we were doing to make the machine learning model better at each iteration. But they're really good at those sorts of things.<br /> <br /> 0:10:45.6 JS: So, someone had to go through and and, like, catalog the sound itself, like, tag, like, this is a ship, this is a whale, that's just ocean sound? <br /> <br /> 0:10:58.2 AA: Kind of. What we did was, I had an initial, I sat at my computer for hours at a time and labeled Humpback song, which is what we were working on at the time, and gave them a data set of a start and end time, and, "Here's where humpback song is." So anywhere there wasn't Humpback song was the negatives for the model and the Humpback song was the positives. And they used that to train an initial model. And then we took the output from that model and took the high scoring segments, places where the computer thought that there was humpback song and looked to see if it was correct. And then you then tell the computer, this one's correct, this one's correct, this one's not correct. And you sort of get common error modes then, which things like ship noise can sometimes be confused with humpback sound. We have this funny discrete noise that sort of is a wurrr-up that was confused with it. minke calls, which is another type of whale, were confused with it. And that way you can start to refine the model and get a, sort of hone in on exactly what it's looking for. And we did that a few times and did some other labeling efforts. It was definitely an iterative effort.<br /> <br /> 0:12:00.8 JS: And, and is it continuing, are you still working with Google and, and refining their whale call tool? <br /> <br /> 0:12:09.0 AA: Yeah. That's where this BioTwang model came in. They were working on a multi-species model. We sent them at the same time some of our other labels that we had for species from work that we had done in the past, blue whales, fin whales, minke whales. And then whenever we discovered the BioTwang source with Bryde's whales, we went through and labeled a bunch of those and sent them to them. And as part of this multi-species model, they have made it publicly available and all of our data is also publicly available and all of the labels. And the idea is that now that machine learning has gotten so much more accessible, everybody can do it now, that somebody can come in and they don't have to build a model from scratch. They wanna look for whale calls in or maybe even something else, in underwater acoustic data.<br /> <br /> 0:12:52.6 AA: There's already been a model that's been trained on a lot of different kinds of acoustic data because they took data from other sources and for a fair number of species, so that you don't have to build a model from scratch. You can come in with a different data set and maybe a different species, but also a baleen whale and then use their base model and sort of strip off some of the layers and retrain a little bit for your own data. But then you don't need quite the same massive amount of labels and that huge effort that I was talking about to get the data that you need to train a machine learning model. So the idea is to sort of lower the bar of entry to machine learning for scientists and for anyone who's interested.<br /> <br /> 0:13:34.7 JS: How much has this impacted your work? <br /> <br /> 0:13:37.7 AA: I mean, it's made most of what I do doable. [chuckle] It's definitely made all of the data much more accessible. We now have labels for the BioTwang for our entire 200,000 hours of acoustic data, which gives us some pretty cool insights into what these Bryde's whales are doing and lets us know where they are and when. And it's also really important because the labels are more accurate than a lot of things that we've done in the past. And not only accurate, I mean they're not perfect, but you can quantify the error, which is really important when you wanna get at more complicated things that we're not able to do yet, but are striving towards, which is looking at maybe population numbers from calls. We can't get there yet, but maybe someday we can. And in order to do that, you need to know the error of your detection, which with a lot of other methods, that's very variable. So doing it in a quantitative way is actually very helpful.<br /> <br /> 0:14:29.2 JS: And so, what has the detection of the BioTwang been able to tell you about Bryde's whales? What have you learned? <br /> <br /> 0:14:34.7 AA: Yeah. So, the really cool thing that we found, we have these hydrophones in the central and western North Pacific, we have labels for all of them now for the BioTwang, was that the BioTwangs only made in the western North Pacific, the Mariana Archipelago and then 2,000 kilometers to the east at Wake Islands. And we had a few odds and end detections in a few other places. But the fact that it was consistently found in the Western North Pacific suggests that it may be a population specific call distinct to a western North Pacific population of Bryde's whales, which is pretty exciting because Bryde's whales are hard to find. They range all over the Pacific and we don't know a lot about where they go. And currently we have them categorized as one population for the central and western North Pacific. And now that we know that there's this call that is distinct to this population, it means that we can monitor that population a little better.<br /> <br /> 0:15:27.1 AA: And what we found was that they're moving between mid-latitude feeding sites and low latitude breeding sites. And our recorders are in between those two sites. So we see them going by twice a year, once on the way to the breeding grounds and once on the way to the feeding grounds. But something else that we did see was that there's a lot of inter-annual variation in their presence. One year to the next we heard more BioTwangs and less BioTwangs in particular years. And the timing is a little different. This is important. This inter-annual variation is important because we think they're following something called the transition zone chlorophyll front. And this is just a zone of high production where there's a lot of food. It's between the subtropical and Subarctic Gyre near 40 degrees of latitude or so. So this is their mid-latitude feeding ground. And we think they're going along and feeding along this productive current.<br /> <br /> 0:16:15.9 AA: Now, we heard a lot more of the BioTwangs at our sites in 2016 and very very few in 2021. And that's important because 2016 was an El Niño year, and 2021 was a La Niña year, which may mean that they're following this current and the changes in the current impact their movements. And that's important because El Niño and La Niña years are very strongly impacted by climate change. And we expect them to get stronger and more variable under climate change, which may mean that these whales then have to work harder and travel further in order to find their food as the currents change with changing climate.<br /> <br /> 0:16:53.4 JS: So it sounds like there's some pretty broad horizons for, for the research you're doing. And we should mention that it's not just your science center that's looking into this, this is happening across all the, all the regions and in all the science centers.<br /> <br /> 0:17:08.1 AA: Yeah. All of the NOAA science centers use acoustics to study marine mammals because it's such a useful tool and we're still collecting a lot of data. Across all of NOAA Fisheries, we estimate now that we have a petabyte of acoustic data, if not more. That's 1,000 terabytes of data, which is just astronomical. And we're starting to get together and discuss now that the data is this big, how to properly archive and manage those data sets, make them accessible, analyze them in consistent ways. And a lot of that is gonna use cloud storage for the data and cloud-based computing methods and machine learning and AI.<br /> <br /> 0:17:48.9 JS: And so, since you'll have this sort of species data combined with times and places across all of NOAA's regions, are there implications there for also, like, combining, like, mapping climate data on top of that and being able to look at what's happening with climate shifts and species? <br /> <br /> 0:18:07.8 AA: Yeah. And you hit it right there. That's one of the things that we've really been discussing is if there's a particular species that we can use as a model, to get on the same page, use the same analysis methods, look at the species in all the different regions that we monitor in relation to environmental factors that are impacted by climate change. And that's really helpful because really we just need as much data as we can. You need to see where the animals are going in different regions in order to get an idea of how that might change in the future in order to project out, as climate change advances, how are these populations gonna be changing their movement patterns and how are we gonna be able to best protect them? And that's something that we've been talking about a lot is making sure that we start to come up with these globally applicable analysis methods.<br /> <br /> 0:18:58.1 JS: Dr. Ann Allen, thanks so much.<br /> <br /> 0:19:00.6 AA: Yeah. Thank you.<br /> <br /> 0:19:02.5 JS: Dr. Ann Allen is a research oceanographer for NOAA Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center and one of the authors of new research published about Bryde's Whales. To learn more, visit our website, fisheries.noaa.gov. I'm John Sheehan, and this has been Dive In with NOAA Fisheries.</p> <a href="#" id="podcast-teaser__transcript-close">Close</a> </div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-8"> <div class="article__hero article__hero--news"> <img class="dam-image img-responsive" src="/s3//styles/original/s3/2024-09/3872x2592-Bryde-s-Whale-Mariana-Fisheries-PIFSC.JPG?itok=TKZTxpH9" alt="A Bryde's whale swims along the surface of the ocean." typeof="foaf:Image" /> <span class="dam_caption">A Bryde’s whale photographed in the Mariana Archipelago. Credit: NOAA Fisheries/Adam Ü (NOAA Fisheries MMPA-ESA Permit #14097)</span> </div> <div class="article__content article__content--news modal__target wyswyg-edit"> <p><span>All of the NOAA science centers use acoustics to study marine mammal sounds, like whale calls. We estimate now that we have at least a petabyte of acoustic data—that's an astronimcal 1,000 terabytes of data. </span></p><p>On this episode of Dive In with NOAA Fisheries, <span>we're going to hear a whale call that was finally, successfully attributed to a protected but enigmatic whale species. And we'll hear how, with help from Google, machine learning and AI is now helping identify these whales—and many others—among thousands of hours of recorded ocean sounds. We speak with Dr. Ann Allen, a research oceanographer for the Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center. She's one of the authors of a new study linking biotwang to the Bryde's whale, a baleen whale we don't know much about. </span></p><p><span>Knowing when and where these calls occur will help us monitor and protect this unique population, which is vulnerable to impacts from climate change.</span></p> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4 article__sidebar"> <div class="info-links"> <h2 class="info-links__title">More Information </h2> <ul class="list--arrow info-links__links"> <li class="info-links__links-item"> <a class="link" href="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/podcast/dive-in-with-noaa-fisheries">Dive In with NOAA Fisheries</a> </li> <li class="info-links__links-item"> <a class="link" href="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/feature-story/hey-google-find-new-whale-sound">Hey, Google: Find this New Whale Sound</a> </li> <li class="info-links__links-item"> <a class="link" href="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/science-blog/ok-google-find-humpback-whales">OK, Google: Find the Humpback Whales</a> </li> <li class="info-links__links-item"> <a class="link" href="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/brydes-whale/overview">Bryde's Whales</a> </li> <li class="info-links__links-item"> <a class="link" href="/resource/peer-reviewed-research/brydes-whales-produce-biotwang-calls-which-occur-seasonally-long">Bryde’s Whales Produce Biotwang Calls, Which Occur Seasonally in Long-Term Acou…</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="views-element-container"> <div class="vertical-list"> <h2 class="vertical-list__header vertical-list__header--small">Recent News</h2> <div class="vertical-list__item"> <div about="/feature-story/hawaii-coral-reef-assessments-complete-2024"> <div class="teaser teaser--small"> <div class="teaser__content teaser__content--small"> <div class="teaser__meta teaser__meta--small"> <span class="teaser__meta-link">Feature Story</span> </div> <h4 class="teaser__title teaser__title--small"><a class="teaser__title-link" href="/feature-story/hawaii-coral-reef-assessments-complete-2024"> <span>Hawai‘i Coral Reef Assessments Complete for 2024 </span> </a></h4> <div class="teaser__meta teaser__meta--hide">  <span class="teaser__meta-link">Feature Story</span> <span class="teaser__meta-spacer">,</span> <div class="regions teaser__meta-link-group"> <div class="regions__vocab"> <span class="pacific-islands"> <a class="link link--region link--region-pacific-islands" href="/region/pacific-islands">Pacific Islands</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="teaser__meta teaser__meta--small"> <div class="regions teaser__meta-link-group"> <div class="regions__vocab"> <span class="pacific-islands"> <a class="link link--region link--region-pacific-islands" href="/region/pacific-islands">Pacific Islands</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a class="teaser__image-link teaser__image-link--small" href="/feature-story/hawaii-coral-reef-assessments-complete-2024"> <div class="aspect-ratio--three-by-two"> <div class="aspect-ratio__content"> <img class="dam-image img-responsive" src="/s3//styles/media_375_x_250/s3/2024-11/512x341-NCRMP-2024_0.png?itok=XH2fnqWc" width="375" height="250" alt="Healthy coral reef with fishes in the foreground, a diver conducts a survey in the background. " loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> <span class="dam_caption">A scientist carefully hovers above the reef off of Kailua-Kona to take photographs while swimming along a transect line. He took more than 1,000 photos of this single transect that will be stitched together to form a 3D model of this reef. It will be interesting to see how this reef with high coral cover has changed over time! Credit: NOAA Fisheries/Dani Escontrella</span> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vertical-list__item"> <div about="/feature-story/ai-meets-aquaculture-study-hawaiian-monk-seal-interactions-net-pens"> <div class="teaser teaser--small"> <div class="teaser__content teaser__content--small"> <div class="teaser__meta teaser__meta--small"> <span class="teaser__meta-link">Feature Story</span> </div> <h4 class="teaser__title teaser__title--small"><a class="teaser__title-link" href="/feature-story/ai-meets-aquaculture-study-hawaiian-monk-seal-interactions-net-pens"> <span>AI Meets Aquaculture to Study Hawaiian Monk Seal Interactions With Net Pens</span> </a></h4> <div class="teaser__meta teaser__meta--hide">  <span class="teaser__meta-link">Feature Story</span> <span class="teaser__meta-spacer">,</span> <div class="regions teaser__meta-link-group"> <div class="regions__vocab"> <span class="pacific-islands"> <a class="link link--region link--region-pacific-islands" href="/region/pacific-islands">Pacific Islands</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="teaser__meta teaser__meta--small"> <div class="regions teaser__meta-link-group"> <div class="regions__vocab"> <span class="pacific-islands"> <a class="link link--region link--region-pacific-islands" href="/region/pacific-islands">Pacific Islands</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a class="teaser__image-link teaser__image-link--small" href="/feature-story/ai-meets-aquaculture-study-hawaiian-monk-seal-interactions-net-pens"> <div class="aspect-ratio--three-by-two"> <div class="aspect-ratio__content"> <img class="dam-image img-responsive" src="/s3//styles/media_375_x_250/s3/2024-11/seals-swim-near-net-pens-BOM.jpg?itok=J6rHfXMC" width="375" height="250" alt="Two Hawaiian monk seals swim near an aquaculture net pen full of fish." loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> <span class="dam_caption">NOAA Fisheries, in collaboration with Blue Ocean Mariculture, is conducting a multi-year pilot study to evaluate observational methods and tools for studying Hawaiian monk seal behavior. Courtesy of Blue Ocean Mariculture</span> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vertical-list__item"> <div about="/feature-story/deck-observer-0001-looking-back-30-years"> <div class="teaser teaser--small"> <div class="teaser__content teaser__content--small"> <div class="teaser__meta teaser__meta--small"> <span class="teaser__meta-link">Feature Story</span> </div> <h4 class="teaser__title teaser__title--small"><a class="teaser__title-link" href="/feature-story/deck-observer-0001-looking-back-30-years"> <span>On Deck With Observer 0001— Looking Back 30 Years</span> </a></h4> <div class="teaser__meta teaser__meta--hide">  <span class="teaser__meta-link">Feature Story</span> <span class="teaser__meta-spacer">,</span> <div class="regions teaser__meta-link-group"> <div class="regions__vocab"> <span class="pacific-islands"> <a class="link link--region link--region-pacific-islands" href="/region/pacific-islands">Pacific Islands</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="teaser__meta teaser__meta--small"> <div class="regions teaser__meta-link-group"> <div class="regions__vocab"> <span class="pacific-islands"> <a class="link link--region link--region-pacific-islands" href="/region/pacific-islands">Pacific Islands</a> </span> </div> </div> </div> </div> <a class="teaser__image-link teaser__image-link--small" href="/feature-story/deck-observer-0001-looking-back-30-years"> <div class="aspect-ratio--three-by-two"> <div class="aspect-ratio__content"> <img class="dam-image img-responsive" src="/s3//styles/media_375_x_250/s3/2024-11/Tonya_atsea1998.jpeg?itok=VFd8bBTE" width="375" height="250" alt="A woman poses holding a fish while aboard a fishing vessel with fisherman and their catch separated into baskets in the background. " loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image" /> <span class="dam_caption">Tonya Wick aboard a fishing vessel at sea in 1998. Photo courtesy of Tonya Wick</span> </div> </div> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vertical-list__footer vertical-list__footer--small"> <a href="/news-and-announcements/news" class="link link--cta vertical-list__footer-link">More News</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="article__updated article__updated--news"> <div class="last-updated"> <div class="last-updated__message"> <p class="text--small caption last-updated">Last updated by <a class="office-vocab__item" href="/about/office-communications">Office of Communications</a> on November 07, 2024</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-12 article__footer"> <div class="views-element-container"> <div class="horizontal-list__container"> <div class="horizontal-list--0-column"> </div> <div class="horizontal-list__footer"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </main> <footer> <div class="region region-footer"> <nav aria-label="block-noaa-components-footer-menu" id="block-noaa-components-footer"> <a href="#" id="scroll-to-top"><img src="/themes/custom/noaa_components/images/Scroll-To-Top_Icon@2x.png" alt="Scroll to Top Icon"></a> <div class="footer"> <div class="footer__top"> <div class="container"> <div class="footer__top-signup"> <div class="footer__top-image"> <img src="/themes/custom/noaa_components/images/Icon_Mail.png" alt="Sign Up Mail Button"> </div> <div class="footer__top-text"> <div class="footer__top-text--heading">Sign up for news and announcements</div> <div class="footer_top-text--subtext">Stay informed of all the latest regional news around NOAA Fisheries</div> </div> <div class="footer__top-button"> <a class="button button--secondary button--nomargin-bottom" href="https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNOAAFISHERIES/subscriber/new">Sign Up Now!</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="footer__content"> <div class="container"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-12"> <div class="footer__main"> <div class="footer__main-content"> <nav class="footer-menu"> <ul class="footer-menu__items row"> <li class="footer-menu__item col-lg-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a class="footer-menu__title-link" href="/about-us" title="NOAA Fisheries">NOAA Fisheries</a> <ul class="footer-menu__items list--arrow"> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="/about-us" title="About Us">About Us</a> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="/topic/laws-policies" title="Laws & Policies">Laws & Policies</a> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="/topic/sustainable-seafood" title="FishWatch">FishWatch</a> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="https://www.noaa.gov" title="NOAA">NOAA</a> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="https://www.commerce.gov" title="Department of Commerce">Department of Commerce</a> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="/site-index" title="Site Index">Site Index</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item col-lg-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a class="footer-menu__title-link" href="/topic/resources-fishing" title="For Fishermen">For Fishermen</a> <ul class="footer-menu__items list--arrow"> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="/rules-and-regulations" title="Rules & Regulations">Rules & Regulations</a> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="/permits-and-forms" title="Permits & Forms">Permits & Forms</a> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/topic/resources-fishing/commercial-fishing" title="Commercial Fishing">Commercial Fishing</a> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/topic/resources-fishing/recreational-fishing" title="Recreational Fishing">Recreational Fishing</a> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="/topic/fishery-observers" title="Fishery Observers">Fishery Observers</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item col-lg-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a class="footer-menu__title-link" href="/resources/research" title="For Researchers">For Researchers</a> <ul class="footer-menu__items list--arrow"> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="/resources/peer-reviewed-research" title="Published Research">Published Research</a> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="/science-and-data" title="Science & Data">Science & Data</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item col-lg-3 col-sm-6 col-xs-12"> <a class="footer-menu__title-link" href="/contact-us" title="Contact Us">Contact Us</a> <ul class="footer-menu__items list--arrow"> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="/contact-us" title="Contact Us">Contact Us</a> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="/contact-directory/media-directory" title="Media Inquiries">Media Inquiries</a> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="/national/enforcement/report-violation" title="Report a Violation">Report a Violation</a> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="/report" title="Report a Stranded or Injured Marine Animal">Report a Stranded or Injured Marine Animal</a> </li> <li class="footer-menu__item"> <a class="footer-menu__link" href="https://nsd.rdc.noaa.gov/" title="NOAA Staff Directory">NOAA Staff Directory</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="footer__social"> <div class="footer__social-title">Follow Us</div> <div class="footer__social-links"> <div class="footer__social-links-item"> <a href="https://twitter.com/@NOAAFisheries" class="footer__social-links-link"><span class="fa-brands fa-x-twitter"></span><span class="sr-only">Twitter</span></a> </div> <div class="footer__social-links-item"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/NOAAFisheries" class="footer__social-links-link"><span class="fab fa-facebook-f"></span><span class="sr-only">Facebook</span></a> </div> <div class="footer__social-links-item"> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/noaafisheries" class="footer__social-links-link"><span class="fab fa-instagram"></span><span class="sr-only">Instagram</span></a> </div> <div class="footer__social-links-item"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/user/usnoaafisheriesgov" class="footer__social-links-link"><span class="fab fa-youtube"></span><span class="sr-only">Youtube</span></a> </div> </div> <div class="footer__social-subtitle"> <a href="/site-index" class ="footer__social-subtitle-link">Can't Find What You Need?</a><br> <a href="/video/new-our-website-watch" class ="footer__social-subtitle-link">Tour Our Site</a> </div> <a class="button button--primary footer__social-button" href="https://eex-survey.fr011.ttecfed.com/se/5C342AAB1F117226"> How are we doing? Send us your feedback </a> </div> </div> <div class="footer__bottom"> <div class="footer__logo"> <a href="/"><img src="/themes/custom/noaa_components/images/noaa_logo_white.png" class="footer__logo-image" alt="NOAA Logo" /></a> <div class="footer__logo-text">Science. Service. Stewardship.</div> </div> <div class="footer__links"> <div class="footer__links-item"><a href="/national/about-us/accessibility-statement" title="Accessibility" class="footer__links-item-link">Accessibility</a></div> | <div class="footer__links-item"><a href="/about/office-equal-employment-opportunity" title="EEO" class="footer__links-item-link">EEO</a></div> | <div class="footer__links-item"><a href="https://www.noaa.gov/foia" title="FOIA" class="footer__links-item-link">FOIA</a></div> | <div class="footer__links-item"><a href="https://www.noaa.gov/information-quality" title="Information Quality" class="footer__links-item-link">Information Quality</a></div> | <div class="footer__links-item"><a href="/website-policies-and-disclaimers" title="Policies & Disclaimer" class="footer__links-item-link">Policies & Disclaimer</a></div> | <div class="footer__links-item"><a href="/privacy-policy" title="Privacy Policy" class="footer__links-item-link">Privacy Policy</a></div> | <div class="footer__links-item"><a href="https://www.usa.gov" title="USA.gov" class="footer__links-item-link">USA.gov</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </footer> </div> <script src="/core/assets/vendor/underscore/underscore-min.js?v=1.13.6"></script> <script src="https://static.addtoany.com/menu/page.js" async></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/addtoany/js/addtoany.js?v=10.3.6"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/lazy/js/lazy.js?v=10.3.6"></script> <script src="/modules/custom/noaa_extras/js/openwebpagefromquery.js?snikw0"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/noaa_components/dest/script.js?snikw0"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/noaa_components/scripts/misc.js?snikw0"></script> <script src="/themes/custom/noaa_components/scripts/outdated-browser/outdated-browser.js?snikw0"></script> <script src="/modules/contrib/extlink/js/extlink.js?v=10.3.6"></script> <script src="/themes/contrib/bootstrap/js/drupal.bootstrap.js?snikw0"></script> <script src="/themes/contrib/bootstrap/js/attributes.js?snikw0"></script> <script src="/themes/contrib/bootstrap/js/theme.js?snikw0"></script> <script src="/themes/contrib/bootstrap/js/popover.js?snikw0"></script> <script src="/themes/contrib/bootstrap/js/tooltip.js?snikw0"></script> </body> </html>

CINXE.COM

AI Identifies Mysterious Whale Calls | Episode 58 | NOAA Fisheries