CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: macroscopic system</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: macroscopic system"> <meta name="keywords" content="macroscopic system"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="macroscopic system" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="macroscopic system"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 17689</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: macroscopic system</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17509</span> Energy Content and Spectral Energy Representation of Wave Propagation in a Granular Chain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rohit%20Shrivastava">Rohit Shrivastava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stefan%20Luding"> Stefan Luding</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A mechanical wave is propagation of vibration with transfer of energy and momentum. Studying the energy as well as spectral energy characteristics of a propagating wave through disordered granular media can assist in understanding the overall properties of wave propagation through inhomogeneous materials like soil. The study of these properties is aimed at modeling wave propagation for oil, mineral or gas exploration (seismic prospecting) or non-destructive testing for the study of internal structure of solids. The study of Energy content (Kinetic, Potential and Total Energy) of a pulse propagating through an idealized one-dimensional discrete particle system like a mass disordered granular chain can assist in understanding the energy attenuation due to disorder as a function of propagation distance. The spectral analysis of the energy signal can assist in understanding dispersion as well as attenuation due to scattering in different frequencies (scattering attenuation). The selection of one-dimensional granular chain also helps in studying only the P-wave attributes of the wave and removing the influence of shear or rotational waves. Granular chains with different mass distributions have been studied, by randomly selecting masses from normal, binary and uniform distributions and the standard deviation of the distribution is considered as the disorder parameter, higher standard deviation means higher disorder and lower standard deviation means lower disorder. For obtaining macroscopic/continuum properties, ensemble averaging has been used. Interpreting information from a Total Energy signal turned out to be much easier in comparison to displacement, velocity or acceleration signals of the wave, hence, indicating a better analysis method for wave propagation through granular materials. Increasing disorder leads to faster attenuation of the signal and decreases the Energy of higher frequency signals transmitted, but at the same time the energy of spatially localized high frequencies also increases. An ordered granular chain exhibits ballistic propagation of energy whereas, a disordered granular chain exhibits diffusive like propagation, which eventually becomes localized at long periods of time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20elements" title="discrete elements">discrete elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20attenuation" title=" energy attenuation"> energy attenuation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass%20disorder" title=" mass disorder"> mass disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=granular%20chain" title=" granular chain"> granular chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectral%20energy" title=" spectral energy"> spectral energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wave%20propagation" title=" wave propagation"> wave propagation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68891/energy-content-and-spectral-energy-representation-of-wave-propagation-in-a-granular-chain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68891.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">290</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17508</span> Design and Construction of Vehicle Tracking System with Global Positioning System/Global System for Mobile Communication Technology</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bala%20Adamu%20Malami">Bala Adamu Malami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The necessity of low-cost electronic vehicle/car security designed in coordination with other security measures is always there in our society to reduce the risk of vehicle intrusion. Keeping this problem in mind, we are designing an automatic GPS system which is technology to build an integrated and fully customized vehicle to detect the movement of the vehicle and also serve as a security system at a reasonable cost. Users can locate the vehicle's position via GPS by using the Google Maps application to show vehicle coordinates on a smartphone. The tracking system uses a Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM) modem for communication between the mobile station and the microcontroller to send and receive commands. Further design can be improved to capture the vehicle movement range and alert the vehicle owner when the vehicle is out of range. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electronic" title="electronic">electronic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS" title=" GPS"> GPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GSM%20modem" title=" GSM modem"> GSM modem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vehicle" title=" vehicle"> vehicle</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159657/design-and-construction-of-vehicle-tracking-system-with-global-positioning-systemglobal-system-for-mobile-communication-technology" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159657.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">99</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17507</span> Approach of Measuring System Analyses for Automotive Part Manufacturing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Homrossukon">S. Homrossukon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sansureerungsigun"> S. Sansureerungsigun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work aims to introduce an efficient and to standardize the measuring system analyses for automotive industrial. The study started by literature reviewing about the management and analyses measurement system. The approach of measuring system management, then, was constructed. Such approach was validated by collecting the current measuring system data using the equipments of interest including vernier caliper and micrometer. Their accuracy and precision of measurements were analyzed. Finally, the measuring system was improved and evaluated. The study showed that vernier did not meet its measuring characteristics based on the linearity whereas all equipment were lacking of the measuring precision characteristics. Consequently, the causes of measuring variation via the equipment of interest were declared. After the improvement, it was found that their measuring performance could be accepted as the standard required. Finally, the standardized approach for analyzing the measuring system of automotive was concluded. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20part%20manufacturing%20measurement" title="automotive part manufacturing measurement">automotive part manufacturing measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measuring%20accuracy" title=" measuring accuracy"> measuring accuracy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measuring%20precision" title=" measuring precision"> measuring precision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=measurement%20system%20analyses" title=" measurement system analyses"> measurement system analyses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2058/approach-of-measuring-system-analyses-for-automotive-part-manufacturing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2058.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17506</span> Design of Cloud Service Brokerage System Intermediating Integrated Services in Multiple Cloud Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dongjae%20Kang">Dongjae Kang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sokho%20Son"> Sokho Son</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jinmee%20Kim"> Jinmee Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cloud service brokering is a new service paradigm that provides interoperability and portability of application across multiple Cloud providers. In this paper, we designed cloud service brokerage system, any broker, supporting integrated service provisioning and SLA based service life cycle management. For the system design, we introduce the system concept and whole architecture, details of main components and use cases of primary operations in the system. These features ease the Cloud service provider and customer’s concern and support new Cloud service open market to increase cloud service profit and prompt Cloud service echo system in cloud computing related area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cloud%20service%20brokerage" title="cloud service brokerage">cloud service brokerage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20Clouds" title=" multiple Clouds"> multiple Clouds</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Integrated%20service%20provisioning" title=" Integrated service provisioning"> Integrated service provisioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SLA" title=" SLA"> SLA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20service" title=" network service"> network service</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17018/design-of-cloud-service-brokerage-system-intermediating-integrated-services-in-multiple-cloud-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17018.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">488</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17505</span> Modulation of the Interphase in a Glass Epoxy System: Influence of the Sizing Chemistry on Adhesion and Interfacial Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Assengone%20Otogo%20Be">S. Assengone Otogo Be</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Fahs"> A. Fahs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Belec"> L. Belec</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20A.%20Nguyen%20Tien"> T. A. Nguyen Tien</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20Louarn"> G. Louarn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J-F.%20Chailan"> J-F. Chailan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Glass fiber-reinforced composite materials have gradually developed in all sectors ranging from consumer products to aerospace applications. However, the weak point is most often the fiber/matrix interface, which can reduce the durability of the composite material. To solve this problem, it is essential to control the interphase and improve our understanding of the adhesion mechanism at the fibre/matrix interface. The interphase properties depend on the nature of the sizing applied on the surface of the glass fibers during their manufacture in order to protect them, facilitate their handling, and ensure fibre/matrix adhesion. The sizing composition, and in particular the nature of the coupling agent and the film-former affects the mechanical properties and the durability of composites. The aim of our study is, therefore, to develop and study composite materials with simplified sizing systems in order to understand how the main constituents modify the mechanical properties and the durability of composites from the nanometric to the macroscopic scale. Two model systems were elaborated: an epoxy matrix reinforced with simplified-sized glass fibres and an epoxy coating applied on glass substrates treated with the same sizings as fibres. For the sizing composition, two configurations were chosen. The first configuration possesses a chemical reactivity to link the glass and the matrix, and the second sizing contains non-reactive agents. The chemistry of the sized glass substrates and fibers was analyzed by FT-IR and XPS spectroscopies. The surface morphology was characterized by SEM and AFM microscopies. The observation of the surface samples reveals the presence of sizings which morphology depends on their chemistry. The evaluation of adhesion of coated substrates and composite materials show good interfacial properties for the reactive configuration. However, the non-reactive configuration exhibits an adhesive rupture at the interface of glass/epoxy for both systems. The interfaces and interphases between the matrix and the substrates are characterized at different scales. Correlations are made between the initial properties of the sizings and the mechanical performances of the model composites. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adhesion" title="adhesion">adhesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interface" title=" interface"> interface</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interphase" title=" interphase"> interphase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=materials%20composite" title=" materials composite"> materials composite</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=simplified%20sizing%20systems" title=" simplified sizing systems"> simplified sizing systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20properties" title=" surface properties"> surface properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135193/modulation-of-the-interphase-in-a-glass-epoxy-system-influence-of-the-sizing-chemistry-on-adhesion-and-interfacial-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135193.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17504</span> Control and Automation of Sensors in Metering System of Fluid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelkader%20Harrouz">Abdelkader Harrouz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20Harrouz"> Omar Harrouz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Benatiallah"> Ali Benatiallah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is to present the essential definitions, roles and characteristics of automation of metering system. We discuss measurement, data acquisition and metrological control of a signal sensor from dynamic metering system. After that, we present control of instruments of metering system of fluid with more detailed discussions to the reference standards. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title="communication">communication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metering" title=" metering"> metering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer" title=" computer"> computer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensor" title=" sensor "> sensor </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24257/control-and-automation-of-sensors-in-metering-system-of-fluid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24257.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">555</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17503</span> A Study on Energy Efficiency of Vertical Water Treatment System with DC Power Supply</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Young-Kwan%20Choi">Young-Kwan Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gang-Wook%20Shin"> Gang-Wook Shin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sung-Taek%20Hong"> Sung-Taek Hong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water supply system consumes large amount of power load during water treatment and transportation of purified water. Many energy conserving high efficiency materials such as DC motor and LED light have recently been introduced to water supply system for energy conservation. This paper performed empirical analysis on BLDC, AC motors, and comparatively analyzed the change in power according to DC power supply ratio in order to conserve energy of a next-generation water treatment system called vertical water treatment system. In addition, a DC distribution system linked with photovoltaic generation was simulated to analyze the energy conserving effect of DC load. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20water%20treatment%20system" title="vertical water treatment system">vertical water treatment system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DC%20power%20supply" title=" DC power supply"> DC power supply</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BLDC" title=" BLDC"> BLDC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4300/a-study-on-energy-efficiency-of-vertical-water-treatment-system-with-dc-power-supply" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/4300.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">503</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17502</span> IT System in the Food Supply Chain Safety, Application in SMEs Sector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Shirani">Mohsen Shirani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Micaela%20Demichela"> Micaela Demichela</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Food supply chain is one of the most complex supply chain networks due to its perishable nature and customer oriented products, and food safety is the major concern for this industry. IT system could help to minimize the production and consumption of unsafe food by controlling and monitoring the entire system. However, there have been many issues in adoption of IT system in this industry specifically within SMEs sector. With this regard, this study presents a novel approach to use IT and tractability systems in the food supply chain, using application of RFID and central database. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food%20supply%20chain" title="food supply chain">food supply chain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20system" title=" IT system"> IT system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safety" title=" safety"> safety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SME" title=" SME "> SME </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38267/it-system-in-the-food-supply-chain-safety-application-in-smes-sector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38267.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">477</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17501</span> Development of a Vegetation Searching System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rattanathip%20Rattanachai">Rattanathip Rattanachai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kunyanuth%20Kularbphettong"> Kunyanuth Kularbphettong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the development of a Vegetation Searching System based on Web Application in case of Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University. The model was developed by PHP, JavaScript, and MySQL database system and it was designed to support searching endemic and rare species of tree on web site. We describe the design methods and functional components of this prototype. To evaluate the system performance, questionnaires for system usability and Black Box Testing were used to measure expert and user satisfaction. The results were satisfactory as followed: Means for experts and users were 4.3 and 4.5, and standard deviation for experts and users were 0.61 and 0.73 respectively. Further analysis showed that the quality of plant searching web site was also at a good level as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endemic%20species" title="endemic species">endemic species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetation" title=" vegetation"> vegetation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web-based%20system" title=" web-based system"> web-based system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=black%20box%20testing" title=" black box testing"> black box testing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thailand" title=" Thailand"> Thailand</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3229/development-of-a-vegetation-searching-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3229.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">310</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17500</span> DC/DC Boost Converter Applied to Photovoltaic Pumping System Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Abdourraziq">S. Abdourraziq</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20A.%20Abdourraziq"> M. A. Abdourraziq</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> One of the most famous and important applications of solar energy systems is water pumping. It is often used for irrigation or to supply water in countryside or private firm. However, the cost and the efficiency are still a concern, especially with a continued variation of solar radiation and temperature throughout the day. Then, the improvement of the efficiency of the system components is one of the different solutions to reducing the cost. In this paper, we will present a detailed definition of each element of a PV pumping system, and we will present the different MPPT algorithm used in the literature. Our system consists of a PV panel, a boost converter, a motor-pump set, and a storage tank. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PV%20cell" title="PV cell">PV cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=converter" title=" converter"> converter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPPT" title=" MPPT"> MPPT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MPP" title=" MPP"> MPP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PV%20pumping%20system" title=" PV pumping system"> PV pumping system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102643/dcdc-boost-converter-applied-to-photovoltaic-pumping-system-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102643.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17499</span> System Identification and Quantitative Feedback Theory Design of a Lathe Spindle</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Khairudin">M. Khairudin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the system identification and design quantitative feedback theory (QFT) for the robust control of a lathe spindle. The dynamic of the lathe spindle is uncertain and time variation due to the deepness variation on cutting process. System identification was used to obtain the dynamics model of the lathe spindle. In this work, real time system identification is used to construct a linear model of the system from the nonlinear system. These linear models and its uncertainty bound can then be used for controller synthesis. The real time nonlinear system identification process to obtain a set of linear models of the lathe spindle that represents the operating ranges of the dynamic system. With a selected input signal, the data of output and response is acquired and nonlinear system identification is performed using Matlab to obtain a linear model of the system. Practical design steps are presented in which the QFT-based conditions are formulated to obtain a compensator and pre-filter to control the lathe spindle. The performances of the proposed controller are evaluated in terms of velocity responses of the the lathe machine spindle in corporating deepness on cutting process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lathe%20spindle" title="lathe spindle">lathe spindle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=QFT" title=" QFT"> QFT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robust%20control" title=" robust control"> robust control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20identification" title=" system identification"> system identification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20793/system-identification-and-quantitative-feedback-theory-design-of-a-lathe-spindle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20793.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">543</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17498</span> Effect of Boundary Condition on Granular Pressure of Gas-Solid Flow in a Rotating Drum</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rezwana%20Rahman">Rezwana Rahman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Various simulations have been conducted to understand the particle's macroscopic behavior in the solid-gas multiphase flow in rotating drums in the past. In these studies, the particle-wall no-slip boundary condition was usually adopted. However, the non-slip boundary condition is rarely encountered in real systems. A little effort has been made to investigate the particle behavior at slip boundary conditions. The paper represents a study of the gas-solid flow in a horizontal rotating drum at a slip boundary wall condition. Two different sizes of particles with the same density have been considered. The Eulerian–Eulerian multiphase model with the kinetic theory of granular flow was used in the simulations. The granular pressure at the rolling flow regime with specularity coefficient 1 was examined and compared with that obtained based on the no-slip boundary condition. The results reveal that the profiles of granular pressure distribution on the transverse plane of the drum are similar for both boundary conditions. But, overall, compared with those for the no-slip boundary condition, the values of granular pressure for specularity coefficient 1 are larger for the larger particle and smaller for the smaller particle. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=boundary%20condition" title="boundary condition">boundary condition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eulerian%E2%80%93eulerian" title=" eulerian–eulerian"> eulerian–eulerian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiphase" title=" multiphase"> multiphase</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=specularity%20coefficient" title=" specularity coefficient"> specularity coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transverse%20plane" title=" transverse plane"> transverse plane</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138424/effect-of-boundary-condition-on-granular-pressure-of-gas-solid-flow-in-a-rotating-drum" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/138424.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17497</span> Usability and Biometric Authentication of Electronic Voting System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nighat%20Ayub">Nighat Ayub</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Masood%20Ahmad"> Masood Ahmad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a new voting system is developed and its usability is evaluated. The main feature of this system is the biometric verification of the voter and then a few easy steps to cast a vote. As compared to existing systems available, e.g dual vote, the new system requires no training in advance. The security is achieved via multiple key concept (another part of this project). More than 100 student voters were participated in the election from University of Malakanad, Chakdara, PK. To achieve the reliability, the voters cast their votes in two ways, i.e. paper based and electronic based voting using our new system. The results of paper based and electronic voting system are compared and it is concluded that the voters cast their votes for the intended candidates on the electronic voting system. The voters were requested to fill a questionnaire and the results of the questionnaire are carefully analyzed. The results show that the new system proposed in this paper is more secure and usable than other systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-voting" title="e-voting">e-voting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usability" title=" usability"> usability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authentication" title=" authentication"> authentication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68301/usability-and-biometric-authentication-of-electronic-voting-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68301.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">392</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17496</span> Study of Structural Health Monitoring System for Vam Cong Cable-Stayed Bridge</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20M.%20Chinh">L. M. Chinh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vam Cong Bridge beside Can Tho Bridge is the next cable-stayed bridge spanning the Hau River, connecting Lap Vo district with Thot Not district. After construction by the end of 2018, the Vam Cong Bridge with Cao Lanh Bridge will help to improve the road network in this region of Mekong Delta. For this bridge, the SHM system also had designed for two stages – construction stage and exploitation stage. At the moment over 65% of the bridge construction had completed, and the bridge will be completed at the end of 2018. During the construction stage, the SHM system had been install to monitor behaviors of the bridge. Based on the study of the design documentation of the SHM system of the Vam Cong Bridge and site visit during construction work, many designs and installation errors have been detected. In this paper author thoroughly analyzed the pros and cons of this SHM system, simultaneously make conclusions and recommendations for this system. Specially concentrated on the possibility of implementing the acoustic emission method (AE) into this SHM system, which is an alternative to the further development of the system, enabling a full and cost-effective solution for the bridge management, which is of utmost importance for the service life and safe operation of the bridge. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SHM%20system" title="SHM system">SHM system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design%20and%20installation" title=" design and installation"> design and installation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vam%20Cong%20bridge" title=" Vam Cong bridge"> Vam Cong bridge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20stage" title=" construction stage"> construction stage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20emission%20method%20%28AE%29" title=" acoustic emission method (AE)"> acoustic emission method (AE)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75930/study-of-structural-health-monitoring-system-for-vam-cong-cable-stayed-bridge" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75930.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17495</span> Monitoring System for Electronic Procurement Systems </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulah%20Fajar">Abdulah Fajar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electronic Procurement System has been implemented at government institution in Indonesia. This system has been developed centrally at Institution of National Procurement Policy (LKPP) and implemented autonomously at either local or national government institution. The lack of competency at many institution on Information Technology Management arise several major problems. The main concern of LKPP to local administrator is assured that the system is running normally and always be able to serve the needs of its users. Monitoring system has been identified as the one of solution to prevent the problems appeared. Monitoring system is developed using Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) and implemented at LKPP. There are two modules; Main Dashboard and Local Agent. Main Dashboard is intended for LKPP and Local Agent is intended to implement at local autonomous e-procurement system (LPSE). There are several resources that must be monitored such as computation, memory and network traffic. Agile paradigm is applied to this project to assure user and system requirement is met. The length of project is the one of reason why agile paradigm has been chosen. The system has been successfully delivered to LKPP. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=procurement%20system" title="procurement system">procurement system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SNMP" title=" SNMP"> SNMP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LKPP" title=" LKPP"> LKPP</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LPSE" title=" LPSE"> LPSE</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21800/monitoring-system-for-electronic-procurement-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21800.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">427</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17494</span> Evaluating the Total Costs of a Ransomware-Resilient Architecture for Healthcare Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sreejith%20Gopinath">Sreejith Gopinath</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aspen%20Olmsted"> Aspen Olmsted</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper is based on our previous work that proposed a risk-transference-based architecture for healthcare systems to store sensitive data outside the system boundary, rendering the system unattractive to would-be bad actors. This architecture also allows a compromised system to be abandoned and a new system instance spun up in place to ensure business continuity without paying a ransom or engaging with a bad actor. This paper delves into the details of various attacks we simulated against the prototype system. In the paper, we discuss at length the time and computational costs associated with storing and retrieving data in the prototype system, abandoning a compromised system, and setting up a new instance with existing data. Lastly, we simulate some analytical workloads over the data stored in our specialized data storage system and discuss the time and computational costs associated with running analytics over data in a specialized storage system outside the system boundary. In summary, this paper discusses the total costs of data storage, access, and analytics incurred with the proposed architecture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cybersecurity" title="cybersecurity">cybersecurity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare" title=" healthcare"> healthcare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ransomware" title=" ransomware"> ransomware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resilience" title=" resilience"> resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20transference" title=" risk transference"> risk transference</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145370/evaluating-the-total-costs-of-a-ransomware-resilient-architecture-for-healthcare-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145370.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17493</span> Design and Development of a Computerized Medical Record System for Hospitals in Remote Areas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grace%20Omowunmi%20Soyebi">Grace Omowunmi Soyebi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A computerized medical record system is a collection of medical information about a person that is stored on a computer. One principal problem of most hospitals in rural areas is using the file management system for keeping records. A lot of time is wasted when a patient visits the hospital, probably in an emergency, and the nurse or attendant has to search through voluminous files before the patient's file can be retrieved, this may cause an unexpected to happen to the patient. This Data Mining application is to be designed using a Structured System Analysis and design method which will help in a well-articulated analysis of the existing file management system, feasibility study, and proper documentation of the Design and Implementation of a Computerized medical record system. This Computerized system will replace the file management system and help to quickly retrieve a patient's record with increased data security, access clinical records for decision-making, and reduce the time range at which a patient gets attended to. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=programming" title="programming">programming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computing" title=" computing"> computing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data" title=" data"> data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation" title=" innovation"> innovation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163123/design-and-development-of-a-computerized-medical-record-system-for-hospitals-in-remote-areas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163123.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">119</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17492</span> An Exploration of the Technical and Economic Feasibility of a Stand Alone Solar PV Generated DC Distribution System over AC Distribution System for Use in the Modern as Well as Future Houses of Isolated Areas</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alpesh%20Desai">Alpesh Desai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indrajit%20Mukhopadhyay"> Indrajit Mukhopadhyay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Standalone Photovoltaic (PV) systems are designed and sized to supply certain AC and/or DC electrical loads. In computers, consumer electronics and many small appliances as well as LED lighting the actual power consumed is DC. The DC system, which requires only voltage control, has many advantages such as feasible connection of the distributed energy sources and reduction of the conversion losses for DC-based loads. Also by using the DC power directly the cost of the size of the Inverter and Solar panel reduced hence the overall cost of the system reduced. This paper explores the technical and economic feasibility of supplying electrical power to homes/houses using DC voltage mains within the house. Theoretical calculated results are presented to demonstrate the advantage of DC system over AC system with PV on sustainable rural/isolated development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution%20system" title="distribution system">distribution system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency" title=" energy efficiency"> energy efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=off-grid" title=" off-grid"> off-grid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stand-alone%20PV%20system" title=" stand-alone PV system"> stand-alone PV system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=techno-socio-economic" title=" techno-socio-economic"> techno-socio-economic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42103/an-exploration-of-the-technical-and-economic-feasibility-of-a-stand-alone-solar-pv-generated-dc-distribution-system-over-ac-distribution-system-for-use-in-the-modern-as-well-as-future-houses-of-isolated-areas" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42103.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17491</span> Adaptive E-Learning System Using Fuzzy Logic and Concept Map</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mesfer%20Al%20Duhayyim">Mesfer Al Duhayyim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paul%20Newbury"> Paul Newbury</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes an effective adaptive e-learning system that uses a coloured concept map to show the learner's knowledge level for each concept in the chosen subject area. A Fuzzy logic system is used to evaluate the learner's knowledge level for each concept in the domain, and produce a ranked concept list of learning materials to address weaknesses in the learner’s understanding. This system obtains information on the learner's understanding of concepts by an initial pre-test before the system is used for learning and a post-test after using the learning system. A Fuzzy logic system is used to produce a weighted concept map during the learning process. The aim of this research is to prove that such a proposed novel adapted e-learning system will enhance learner's performance and understanding. In addition, this research aims to increase participants' overall understanding of their learning level by providing a coloured concept map of understanding followed by a ranked concepts list of learning materials. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20e-learning%20system" title="adaptive e-learning system">adaptive e-learning system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coloured%20concept%20map" title=" coloured concept map"> coloured concept map</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20logic" title=" fuzzy logic"> fuzzy logic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ranked%20concept%20list" title=" ranked concept list"> ranked concept list</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87018/adaptive-e-learning-system-using-fuzzy-logic-and-concept-map" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87018.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17490</span> Set-point Performance Evaluation of Robust ‎Back-Stepping Control Design for a Nonlinear ‎Electro-‎Hydraulic Servo System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Ahmadnezhad">Maria Ahmadnezhad</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seyedgharani%20Ghoreishi%20%E2%80%8E"> Seyedgharani Ghoreishi ‎</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Electrohydraulic servo system have been used in industry in a wide ‎number of applications. Its ‎dynamics are highly nonlinear and also ‎have large extent of model uncertainties and external ‎disturbances. ‎In this thesis, a robust back-stepping control (RBSC) scheme is ‎proposed to overcome ‎the problem of disturbances and system ‎uncertainties effectively and to improve the set-point ‎performance ‎of EHS systems. In order to implement the proposed control ‎scheme, the system ‎uncertainties in EHS systems are considered as ‎total leakage coefficient and effective oil volume. In ‎addition, in ‎order to obtain the virtual controls for stabilizing system, the ‎update rule for the ‎system uncertainty term is induced by the ‎Lyapunov control function (LCF). To verify the ‎performance and ‎robustness of the proposed control system, computer simulation of ‎the ‎proposed control system using Matlab/Simulink Software is ‎executed. From the computer ‎simulation, it was found that the ‎RBSC system produces the desired set-point performance and ‎has ‎robustness to the disturbances and system uncertainties of ‎EHS systems.‎ <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electro%20hydraulic%20servo%20system" title="electro hydraulic servo system">electro hydraulic servo system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=back-stepping%20control" title=" back-stepping control"> back-stepping control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robust%20back-%E2%80%8Estepping%20control" title=" robust back-‎stepping control"> robust back-‎stepping control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyapunov%20redesign%E2%80%8E" title=" Lyapunov redesign‎"> Lyapunov redesign‎</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39729/set-point-performance-evaluation-of-robust-back-stepping-control-design-for-a-nonlinear-electro-hydraulic-servo-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39729.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1004</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17489</span> The Methodology of System Modeling of Mechatronic Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lakhoua%20Najeh">Lakhoua Najeh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Aims of the work: After a presentation of the functionality of an example of a mechatronic system which is a paint mixer system, we present the concepts of modeling and safe operation. This paper briefly discusses how to model and protect the functioning of a mechatronic system relying mainly on functional analysis and safe operation techniques. Methods: For the study of an example of a mechatronic system, we use methods for external functional analysis that illustrate the relationships between a mechatronic system and its external environment. Thus, we present the Safe-Structured Analysis Design Technique method (Safe-SADT) which allows the representation of a mechatronic system. A model of operating safety and automation is proposed. This model enables us to use a functional analysis technique of the mechatronic system based on the GRAFCET (Graphe Fonctionnel de Commande des Etapes et Transitions: Step Transition Function Chart) method; study of the safe operation of the mechatronic system based on the Safe-SADT method; automation of the mechatronic system based on a software tool. Results: The expected results are to propose a model and safe operation of a mechatronic system. This methodology enables us to analyze the relevance of the different models based on Safe-SADT and GRAFCET in relation to the control and monitoring functions and to study the means allowing exploiting their synergy. Conclusion: In order to propose a general model of a mechatronic system, a model of analysis, safety operation and automation of a mechatronic system has been developed. This is how we propose to validate this methodology through a case study of a paint mixer system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechatronic%20systems" title="mechatronic systems">mechatronic systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20modeling" title=" system modeling"> system modeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=safe%20operation" title=" safe operation"> safe operation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Safe-SADT" title=" Safe-SADT"> Safe-SADT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95047/the-methodology-of-system-modeling-of-mechatronic-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95047.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17488</span> Numerical Solution of Space Fractional Order Solute Transport System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shubham%20Jaiswal">Shubham Jaiswal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present article, a drive is taken to compute the solution of spatial fractional order advection-dispersion equation having source/sink term with given initial and boundary conditions. The equation is converted to a system of ordinary differential equations using second-kind shifted Chebyshev polynomials, which have finally been solved using finite difference method. The striking feature of the article is the fast transportation of solute concentration as and when the system approaches fractional order from standard order for specified values of the parameters of the system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20fractional%20order%20advection-dispersion%20equation" title="spatial fractional order advection-dispersion equation">spatial fractional order advection-dispersion equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second-kind%20shifted%20Chebyshev%20polynomial" title=" second-kind shifted Chebyshev polynomial"> second-kind shifted Chebyshev polynomial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collocation%20method" title=" collocation method"> collocation method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservative%20system" title=" conservative system"> conservative system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-conservative%20system" title=" non-conservative system"> non-conservative system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80604/numerical-solution-of-space-fractional-order-solute-transport-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80604.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17487</span> Development of Intelligent Smart Multi Tracking Agent System to Support of Logistics Safety</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umarov%20Jamshid">Umarov Jamshid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ju-Su%20Kim"> Ju-Su Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hak-Jun%20Lee"> Hak-Jun Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Man-Kyo%20Han"> Man-Kyo Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ryum-Duck%20Oh"> Ryum-Duck Oh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Recently, it becomes convenient to identify the location information of cargos by using GPS and wireless communication technologies. The development of IoT technologies and tracking system allows us to confirm site situation on an ad hoc basis in all the industries and social environments. Moreover, it allows us to apply IT technologies to a manageable extent. However, there have been many limitations for using the system due to the difficulty of identifying location information in real time and also due to the simple features. To globalize the logistics related tracking system, it is required to conduct a study to resolve the aforementioned problem. On that account, this paper designed and developed the IoT and RTLS based intelligent multi tracking agent system for more secure, accurate and reliable transportation in relation to logistics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GPS" title="GPS">GPS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tracking%20agent%20system" title=" tracking agent system"> tracking agent system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IoT" title=" IoT"> IoT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RTLS" title=" RTLS"> RTLS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Logistics" title=" Logistics"> Logistics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29324/development-of-intelligent-smart-multi-tracking-agent-system-to-support-of-logistics-safety" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/29324.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">646</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17486</span> The Enlightenment of the Ventilation System in Chinese Traditional Residence to Architecture Design</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wu%20Xingchun">Wu Xingchun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20Xi"> Chen Xi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, China's building energy consumption constitutes 25% of the total energy consumption, half of which was caused by air conditioning in both summer and winter. The ventilation system in Chinese traditional residence, which is totally passive and environmentally friendly, works effectively to create comfortable indoor environment. The research on the ventilation system in Chinese traditional residence can provide advancements to architecture design and energy savings to the society. Through field investigation, case analysis, strategy proposing and other methods, it comes out that the location and layout, the structure system and the design of atrium are the most important elements for a good ventilation system. Taking every factor into consideration, techniques are deployed extensively such as the organization of draught, the design of the thermal pressure ventilation system and the application of modern materials. With the enlightenment of the ventilation system in Chinese traditional residence, we can take effective measures to achieve low energy consumption and sustainable architecture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ventilation%20system" title="ventilation system">ventilation system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chinese%20traditional%20residence" title=" chinese traditional residence"> chinese traditional residence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20consumption" title=" energy consumption"> energy consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20architecture" title=" sustainable architecture"> sustainable architecture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30328/the-enlightenment-of-the-ventilation-system-in-chinese-traditional-residence-to-architecture-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30328.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">707</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17485</span> Developing a Systemic Monoclonal Antibody Therapy for the Treatment of Large Burn Injuries</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alireza%20Hassanshahi">Alireza Hassanshahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xanthe%20Strudwick"> Xanthe Strudwick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zlatko%20Kopecki"> Zlatko Kopecki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Allison%20J%20Cowin"> Allison J Cowin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Studies have shown that Flightless (Flii) is elevated in human wounds, including burns, and reducing the level of Flii is a promising approach for improving wound repair and reducing scar formation. The most effective approach has been to neutralise Flii activity using localized, intradermal application of function blocking monoclonal antibodies. However, large surface area burns are difficult to treat by intradermal injection of therapeutics, so the aim of this study was to investigate if a systemic injection of a monoclonal antibody against Flii could improve healing in mice following burn injury. Flii neutralizing antibodies (FnAbs) were labelled with Alxa-Fluor-680 for biodistribution studies and the healing effects of systemically administered FnAbs to mice with burn injuries. A partial thickness, 7% (70mm2) total body surface area scald burn injury was created on the dorsal surface of mice (n=10/group), and 100µL of Alexa-Flour-680-labeled FnAbs were injected into the intraperitoneal cavity (IP) at time of injury. The burns were imaged on days 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 7 using IVIS Lumina S5 Imaging System, and healing was assessed macroscopically, histologically, and using immunohistochemistry. Fluorescent radiance efficiency measurements showed that IP injected Alexa-Fluor-680-FnAbs localized at the site of burn injury from day 1, remaining there for the whole 7-day study. The burns treated with FnAbs showed a reduction in macroscopic wound area and an increased rate of epithelialization compared to controls. Immunohistochemistry for NIMP-R14 showed a reduction in the inflammatory infiltrate, while CD31/VEGF staining showed improved angiogenesis post-systemic FnAb treatment. These results suggest that systemically administered FnAbs are active within the burn site and can improve healing outcomes. The clinical application of systemically injected Flii monoclonal antibodies could therefore be a potential approach for promoting the healing of large surface area burns immediately after injury. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodistribution" title="biodistribution">biodistribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=burn" title=" burn"> burn</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flightless" title=" flightless"> flightless</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systemic" title=" systemic"> systemic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fnAbs" title=" fnAbs"> fnAbs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154516/developing-a-systemic-monoclonal-antibody-therapy-for-the-treatment-of-large-burn-injuries" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/154516.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17484</span> Comeback of the Limited Precedent System in Hungary – A Critical Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Istv%C3%A1n%20J%C3%A1nos%20Moln%C3%A1r">István János Molnár</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hungary has a legal system that is primarily based on statutory legislation, which means that statutes are the main source of law. However, in a surprising move, the Hungarian Parliament introduced a "limited" precedent system on 1 April 2020. This reform requires Hungarian courts to consider not only statutes but also the interpretation of those statutes in decisions made by the highest court in the country, the Curia. While judge-made customary law is not completely unfamiliar in Hungarian legal practice, the introduction of this new system presents several theoretical and practical challenges that may take time to resolve. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=civil%20procedure" title="civil procedure">civil procedure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hungary" title=" hungary"> hungary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=judicial%20practice" title=" judicial practice"> judicial practice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precedent%20system" title=" precedent system"> precedent system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sources%20of%20law" title=" sources of law"> sources of law</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171681/comeback-of-the-limited-precedent-system-in-hungary-a-critical-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171681.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17483</span> Item Response Calibration/Estimation: An Approach to Adaptive E-Learning System Development</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adeniran%20Adetunji">Adeniran Adetunji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Babalola%20M.%20Florence"> Babalola M. Florence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akande%20Ademola"> Akande Ademola</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we made an overview on the concept of adaptive e-Learning system, enumerates the elements of adaptive learning concepts e.g. A pedagogical framework, multiple learning strategies and pathways, continuous monitoring and feedback on student performance, statistical inference to reach final learning strategy that works for an individual learner by “mass-customization”. Briefly highlights the motivation of this new system proposed for effective learning teaching. E-Review literature on the concept of adaptive e-learning system and emphasises on the Item Response Calibration, which is an important approach to developing an adaptive e-Learning system. This paper write-up is concluded on the justification of item response calibration/estimation towards designing a successful and effective adaptive e-Learning system. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20e-learning%20system" title="adaptive e-learning system">adaptive e-learning system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pedagogical%20framework" title=" pedagogical framework"> pedagogical framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=item%20response" title=" item response"> item response</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20applications" title=" computer applications"> computer applications</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5647/item-response-calibrationestimation-an-approach-to-adaptive-e-learning-system-development" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5647.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">595</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17482</span> Development and Performance Analysis of Multifunctional City Smart Card System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vedat%20Coskun">Vedat Coskun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahri%20Soylemezgiller"> Fahri Soylemezgiller</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Busra%20Ozdenizci"> Busra Ozdenizci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kerem%20Ok"> Kerem Ok</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In recent years, several smart card solutions for transportation services of cities with different technical infrastructures and business models has emerged considerably, which triggers new business and technical opportunities. In order to create a unique system, we present a novel, promising system called Multifunctional City Smart Card System to be used in all cities that provides transportation and loyalty services based on the MasterCard M/Chip Advance standards. The proposed system provides a unique solution for transportation services of large cities over the world, aiming to answer all transportation needs of citizens. In this paper, development of the Multifunctional City Smart Card System and system requirements are briefly described. Moreover, performance analysis results of M/Chip Advance Compatible Validators which is the system's most important component are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20card" title="smart card">smart card</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=m%2Fchip%20advance%20standard" title=" m/chip advance standard"> m/chip advance standard</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=city%20transportation" title=" city transportation"> city transportation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20analysis" title=" performance analysis"> performance analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5579/development-and-performance-analysis-of-multifunctional-city-smart-card-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5579.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">475</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17481</span> Design of Collaborative Web System: Based on Case Study of PBL Support Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kawai%20Nobuaki">Kawai Nobuaki</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper describes the design and implementation of web system for continuable and viable collaboration. This study proposes the improvement of the system based on a result of a certain practice. As contemporary higher education information environments transform, this study highlights the significance of university identity and college identity that are formed continuously through independent activities of the students. Based on these discussions, the present study proposes a practical media environment design which facilitates the processes of organizational identity formation based on a continuous and cyclical model. Even if users change by this system, the communication system continues operation and cooperation. The activity becomes the archive and produces new activity. Based on the result, this study elaborates a plan with a re-design by a system from the viewpoint of second-order cybernetics. Systems theory is a theoretical foundation for our study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaborative%20work" title="collaborative work">collaborative work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20management%20system" title=" learning management system"> learning management system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second-order%20cybernetics" title=" second-order cybernetics"> second-order cybernetics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systems%20theory" title=" systems theory"> systems theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=user%20generated%20contents" title=" user generated contents"> user generated contents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viable%20system%20model" title=" viable system model"> viable system model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91229/design-of-collaborative-web-system-based-on-case-study-of-pbl-support-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91229.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">17480</span> Effect of Building Construction Sizes on Project Delivery Methods in Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nuruddeen%20Usman">Nuruddeen Usman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Sani"> Mohammad Sani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The performance of project delivery methods has been an issue of concern to various stakeholders in the construction industry. The contracting system of project delivery is the traditional system used in the delivery of most public projects in Nigeria. The direct labor system is used most times as an alternative to the traditional system. There were so many complain about the performance of contracting system and the suitability of direct labor as an alternative to the delivery of public projects. Therefore, this paper is aimed at investigating the effect of project size on the project delivery methods in the completed public buildings. Questionnaires were self-administered to managerial staff in the study area and analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings reveals that contracting system was choosing for large size building construction project delivery with higher frequency (F) of 40 (76.9%) against direct labor with 12 (23.1%). While the small size project, the result revealed a frequency (F) of 26 (50%) for contracting system and direct labor system respectively. Base on the research findings, the contracting system, was recommended for all sizes of building construction project delivery while direct labor system can only use as an alternative for small size building construction projects delivery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20size" title="construction size">construction size</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contracting%20system" title=" contracting system"> contracting system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=direct%20labour" title=" direct labour"> direct labour</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effect" title=" effect"> effect</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34754/effect-of-building-construction-sizes-on-project-delivery-methods-in-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34754.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">457</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system&page=6" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">7</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system&page=589">589</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system&page=590">590</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macroscopic%20system&page=8" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>