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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-GB" class="no-js"><head><meta charSet="utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title data-rh="true">Kazakhstan constitution: Will changes bring democracy? - BBC News</title><meta data-rh="true" name="description" content="The president has agreed to share some of his powers with parliament. Are the changes for real?"/><meta data-rh="true" name="theme-color" content="#FFFFFF"/><meta data-rh="true" property="article:author" content="https://www.facebook.com/bbcnews"/><meta data-rh="true" property="fb:admins" content="100004154058350"/><meta data-rh="true" property="fb:app_id" content="1609039196070050"/><meta data-rh="true" property="og:description" content="The president has agreed to share some of his powers with parliament. 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37.5rem){.ssrcss-1diln4q-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}.ssrcss-1diln4q-GlobalNavigationItem:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1diln4q-GlobalNavigationItem:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1diln4q-GlobalNavigationItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-wmt0g1-NavigationLink-LogoLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;padding:0;margin-top:-0.25rem;width:100%;}.ssrcss-wmt0g1-NavigationLink-LogoLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-wmt0g1-NavigationLink-LogoLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-wmt0g1-NavigationLink-LogoLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-wmt0g1-NavigationLink-LogoLink{text-align:center;min-width:1.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-wmt0g1-NavigationLink-LogoLink{width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-wmt0g1-NavigationLink-LogoLink{padding-right:0.5rem;margin-right:0.25rem;}}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-wmt0g1-NavigationLink-LogoLink{padding-right:1rem;}}.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;height:2.0625rem;vertical-align:middle;}@media (min-width: 22.5rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{height:2.0625rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{height:2.0625rem;}}@media (min-width: 25.625rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{height:2.0625rem;width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{height:2.0625rem;width:auto;}}@media (max-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-qm4a7x-LogoIconWrapper{padding:0 0.25rem;}}.ssrcss-o7c2ms-BBCBlocks{height:2rem;max-width:7rem;}@media (min-width: 22.5rem){.ssrcss-o7c2ms-BBCBlocks{height:2rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-o7c2ms-BBCBlocks{height:2rem;}}@media (min-width: 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off;font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;position:relative;display:block;top:0;left:0;z-index:1;padding:1rem;background:#FFFFFF;border:1px solid #8A8C8E;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;margin:auto;width:-webkit-max-content;width:-moz-max-content;width:max-content;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1mjrbfa-AccessibilityLink:focus{position:absolute;}}.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-top:-0.25rem;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;width:100%;}}.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1bn0jvl-GlobalNavigationItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;padding-right:3rem;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList{padding-right:0;}}.ssrcss-j17vi8-AccountOptionsList >li{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;}.ssrcss-1t7ltsf-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationAccount{color:#000000;text-align:center;height:3.75rem;min-width:2.75rem;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;text-align:left;}.ssrcss-1t7ltsf-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationAccount:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1t7ltsf-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationAccount[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-1t7ltsf-GlobalNavigationProduct-GlobalNavigationAccount{width:11rem;}}.ssrcss-5fw2ee-AccountComponentWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;position:relative;min-width:inherit;width:inherit;}.ssrcss-uwr32o-StyledAccountPlaceholderComponent{height:100%;width:100%;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;text-align:left;display:inline-block;position:absolute;}html.no-js 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(min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-1lgb55w-Skeleton-StyledAccountPlaceholderIcon{width:1.75rem;height:1.75rem;}}.ssrcss-1z04xmt-StyledLoadingPlaceHolderTextWrapper{display:none;}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-1z04xmt-StyledLoadingPlaceHolderTextWrapper{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;height:100%;width:100%;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin-left:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-82dxfl-Skeleton-StyledLoadingPlaceHolderText{background-color:#F6F6F6;overflow:hidden;width:100%;border-radius:5%;height:0.875rem;}.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;pointer-events:none;opacity:0;box-sizing:border-box;white-space:nowrap;overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis;min-width:1.25rem;position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;text-align:center;margin-right:0.3125rem;}.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink{text-align:center;min-width:1.5rem;}}.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:#0071F1;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.625rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink:hover,.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink:focus,.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}html.no-js .ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink{opacity:1;pointer-events:all;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink{min-width:inherit;margin-right:0;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink{min-width:3rem;text-align:center;}}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink{width:8.5rem;text-align:left;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-irlfa6-NavigationLink-AccountLink{width:11rem;}}.ssrcss-1oeiyy4-ForYouIconWrapper{color:#0071F1;display:inline-block;width:2rem;height:2rem;vertical-align:-0.6875rem;}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-1oeiyy4-ForYouIconWrapper{width:1.75rem;height:1.75rem;vertical-align:-0.5625rem;}}.ssrcss-xi5oyi-StyledIcon{display:block;height:100%;width:100%;fill:currentcolor;}.ssrcss-qgttmg-AccountText{position:absolute;overflow:hidden;margin:0;width:1px;height:1px;-webkit-clip-path:inset(100%);clip-path:inset(100%);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);white-space:nowrap;}@media (min-width: 63rem){.ssrcss-qgttmg-AccountText{position:static;overflow:visible;width:auto;height:auto;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;clip:auto;white-space:inherit;margin-left:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-1umnoc2-VerticalSeparator{display:none;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1umnoc2-VerticalSeparator{display:block;border-left:0.0625rem solid #E6E8EA;height:1.5rem;margin-top:1rem;margin-left:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-yptc27-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList{-webkit-flex:auto;-ms-flex:auto;flex:auto;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;gap:0.375rem;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-yptc27-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >*{display:none;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-yptc27-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList{padding-left:0.75rem;}.ssrcss-yptc27-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:last-child{display:block;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-yptc27-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:nth-child(1){display:block;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-yptc27-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:nth-child(2){display:block;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-yptc27-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:nth-child(3){display:block;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-yptc27-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:nth-child(4){display:block;}}@media (min-width: 37.546875rem){.ssrcss-yptc27-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:nth-child(5){display:block;}}@media (min-width: 41.53125rem){.ssrcss-yptc27-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:nth-child(6){display:block;}}@media (min-width: 45rem){.ssrcss-yptc27-GlobalNavigationBarLinkList >:nth-child(7){display:block;}}.ssrcss-1bwqj1o-GlobalNavigationProduct{color:#000000;text-align:center;height:3.75rem;}.ssrcss-1bwqj1o-GlobalNavigationProduct:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1bwqj1o-GlobalNavigationProduct[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-18kffgx-NavigationLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;}.ssrcss-18kffgx-NavigationLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-18kffgx-NavigationLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-18kffgx-NavigationLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-18kffgx-NavigationLink{text-align:center;min-width:1.5rem;}}.ssrcss-dnaoa9-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-dnaoa9-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:currentcolor;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-dnaoa9-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-dnaoa9-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-dnaoa9-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-dnaoa9-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-dnaoa9-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-dnaoa9-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-dnaoa9-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 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37.5rem){.ssrcss-1tezctd-NavigationLink-MenuToggleControlLink{margin-top:0;min-width:3rem;}}.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState{position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:currentcolor;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState:hover,.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState:focus,.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState:hover::after,.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState:focus::after,.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-1xquvrf-NavItemHoverState::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 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37.5rem){.ssrcss-7jj1a6-LastGlobalNavigationItem{padding-left:0;}}.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-top:-0.25rem;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;width:2rem;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:2.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{width:3rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1w3za5i-GlobalNavigationItem-GlobalNavigationBurger{display:none;}}.ssrcss-1myt22i-BurgerMenuIconWrapper{display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;width:1.5rem;height:1.375rem;vertical-align:-0.5em;-webkit-box-pack:space-evenly;-ms-flex-pack:space-evenly;-webkit-justify-content:space-evenly;justify-content:space-evenly;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1myt22i-BurgerMenuIconWrapper{display:none;}}.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;margin-top:-0.25rem;-webkit-align-self:center;-ms-flex-item-align:center;align-self:center;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{width:auto;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem{-webkit-order:0;-ms-flex-order:0;order:0;}}.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem:hover>*>*::after,.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem:focus>*>*::after,.ssrcss-fbjoge-GlobalNavigationItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink{display:block;height:100%;line-height:calc(4rem - 0.5rem);-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:inherit;white-space:nowrap;text-align:center;background:none;min-width:1.25rem;text-align:center;margin-top:-0.25rem;position:relative;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;display:inline-block;}.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus .eki2hvo16::after,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true'] .eki2hvo16::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink{text-align:center;min-width:1.5rem;}}.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:currentcolor;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.375rem;height:0.125rem;width:66%;opacity:0;}@media (forced-colors: active){.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true']{margin-bottom:-1px;border-bottom:1px solid currentcolor!important;}}.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink{min-width:2.75rem;}}@media (min-width: 23.4375rem){.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink{min-width:3rem;width:3rem;text-align:center;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink{background:#F6F6F6;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;height:1rem;padding:0.75rem 0.625rem;margin-left:0.5rem;min-width:11.25rem;outline:0.0625rem solid transparent;}.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink::after{display:none;}.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:hover,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:active,.ssrcss-payrv3-NavigationLink-SearchLink:focus{background:#E6E8EA;color:#000000;}}.ssrcss-1lc3dkf-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1.625rem;height:1.625rem;vertical-align:middle;width:1.75rem;height:1.8125rem;}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-1lc3dkf-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{width:1.375rem;height:1.375rem;}}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-1lc3dkf-IconWrapper-SearchIconWrapper{width:1rem;height:1rem;vertical-align:-0.25rem;}}.ssrcss-qefkng-SearchText{padding-left:0.5rem;position:absolute;overflow:hidden;margin:0;width:1px;height:1px;-webkit-clip-path:inset(100%);clip-path:inset(100%);clip:rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);white-space:nowrap;}@media (min-width: 80rem){.ssrcss-qefkng-SearchText{position:static;overflow:visible;width:auto;height:auto;-webkit-clip-path:none;clip-path:none;clip:auto;white-space:inherit;}}.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer{overflow:hidden;visibility:hidden;}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-91jqb8-GlobalNavigationDrawer>*{transition-property:max-height,height;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);transition-delay:0s,0s,0.4s;transition-duration:0.4s,0.4s,0s;transition-property:max-height,height,display;}@media (min-width: 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41.25rem){.ssrcss-1mdogde-GlobalNavigationMoreMenu:target{height:4.0625rem;}}.ssrcss-1obp207-MenuWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList{-webkit-flex:auto;-ms-flex:auto;flex:auto;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList:focus{outline:none;}.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList>*{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-flex-basis:50%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:50%;flex-basis:50%;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList>*{-webkit-flex-basis:auto;-ms-flex-preferred-size:auto;flex-basis:auto;}}@supports (display: grid){.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList{display:grid;grid-gap:0 0.5rem;gap:0 0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList{grid-template-columns:repeat(2, minmax(7.5rem, 1fr));}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;}}.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList>*{min-width:initial;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(1){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(2){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(3){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(4){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.546875rem){.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(5){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 41.53125rem){.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(6){display:none;}}@media (min-width: 45rem){.ssrcss-ytnvae-MenuLinkList >:nth-child(7){display:none;}}.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem{height:1.75rem;margin:0.25rem 0;-webkit-align-items:stretch;-webkit-box-align:stretch;-ms-flex-align:stretch;align-items:stretch;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem{height:3.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem{padding-right:1.25rem;}}.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem:focus>*::after,.ssrcss-1sg011d-MenuLinkListItem[data-open='true']{width:100%;opacity:100%;}.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink{font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;margin:0 0.125rem;-webkit-text-decoration:inherit;text-decoration:inherit;color:#000000;white-space:nowrap;position:relative;height:100%;}.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink::after{content:'';display:block;background-color:currentcolor;position:absolute;right:0;left:0;bottom:0.125rem;height:0.125rem;width:0;opacity:0;}@media (min-width: 18.75rem){.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink::after{bottom:0.5rem;}}.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink:hover::after,.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink:focus::after,.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink[data-open='true']::after{width:100%;opacity:1;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink{font-size:0.8125rem;line-height:1.2307692307692308;}}@media (min-width: 56.25rem){.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink{margin:0 0.375rem;}}@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference){.ssrcss-kffy1u-MenuLink::after{-webkit-transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition:width 0.2s,opacity 0.2s;transition-timing-function:cubic-bezier(0.75, 0, 0.15, 1);}}.ssrcss-1ejv6c9-CloseButtonWrapper{margin-top:0.25rem;}.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-inline-box;display:-webkit-inline-flex;display:-ms-inline-flexbox;display:inline-flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;justify-content:center;padding:calc(0.5rem - 2px) calc(0.75rem - 2px);border:2px solid transparent;min-height:2.75rem!important;text-align:center;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;line-height:1.375!important;-webkit-transition:0.2s;transition:0.2s;background:transparent;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.222222222222222;}}.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:focus-visible{outline:none;box-shadow:none;}.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink .call-to-action-link-text-wrapper{border-bottom:2px solid transparent;-webkit-transition:border-bottom 0.2s;transition:border-bottom 0.2s;}@supports (text-underline-offset: 0.25em){.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink .call-to-action-link-text-wrapper{border-bottom:none;-webkit-text-decoration:underline transparent;text-decoration:underline transparent;text-decoration-thickness:2px;text-decoration-skip-ink:none;text-underline-offset:0.3125em;-webkit-transition:text-decoration 0.2s;transition:text-decoration 0.2s;}}.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:hover,.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:focus,.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:active{cursor:pointer;background:#0051AD;color:#FFFFFF;box-shadow:0 0 0 0.125rem #0051AD;}.ssrcss-1ljchhs-CallToActionLink:hover 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0.125rem);}.ssrcss-1hfawy1-IconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1.125rem;height:1.125rem;min-width:1.25rem;vertical-align:middle;}.ssrcss-12njlvq-ProductNavigationContainer{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;background-color:#B80000;color:#FFFFFF;position:relative;}.ssrcss-nt5ozj-Masthead{font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.1666666666666667;font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:700;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;background:#B80000;color:#FFFFFF;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-nt5ozj-Masthead{font-size:2rem;line-height:1.125;}}.ssrcss-12x0ma7-ContentWrapper{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;}.ssrcss-kpltdl-LogoWrapper{margin:0.25rem 0;}.ssrcss-1vyfvn-LogoLink{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;width:auto;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;color:inherit;}@media all and (-ms-high-contrast: none),(-ms-high-contrast: active){.ssrcss-1vyfvn-LogoLink{width:100%;}}.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{display:block;padding:calc(0.75rem - 0.25rem) 0;height:1.625rem;fill:currentcolor;max-width:10rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{padding:calc(0.875rem - 0.25rem) 0;height:1.75rem;max-width:15.5rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-19cmzaj-LogoIcon{padding:calc(1rem - 0.25rem) 0;max-width:initial;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-as2ggt-Navigation{border-top:0.0625rem solid #DB7F7F;}}html.no-js .ssrcss-wlpshj-MainNavBarContainer{border-bottom:0.25rem solid #B80000;}.ssrcss-325dy3-MenuContainer-PrimaryNavBarContainer{background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-325dy3-MenuContainer-PrimaryNavBarContainer{background-color:#B80000;color:#FFFFFF;}}.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer{margin:0 -0.5rem;}@media (min-width: 25rem){.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer{margin:0 -1rem;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:justify;-webkit-justify-content:space-between;justify-content:space-between;margin:0;}.ssrcss-tr5xws-PrimaryListContainer .e14xdrat1 .eis6szr3:not(:last-of-type) .eis6szr2 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off;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.375;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;position:relative;padding:0.5rem;cursor:pointer;color:#FFFFFF;background-color:#B80000;border:none;}html.no-js .ssrcss-pnxjgb-StyledToggle{background-color:#FFFFFF;color:#141414;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-pnxjgb-StyledToggle{min-height:2.375rem;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-pnxjgb-StyledToggle{min-height:2.75rem;}}}.ssrcss-1m4972l-IconWrapper{display:inline-block;width:1rem;height:1rem;margin-right:0.5rem;}.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{display:none;}html.no-js .ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{display:block;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{margin-left:-0.5rem;margin-right:-0.5rem;padding:0.5rem 0;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{background-color:transparent;display:block;padding:0;margin:0;-webkit-flex-basis:100%;-ms-flex-preferred-size:100%;flex-basis:100%;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer{overflow-x:scroll;-webkit-overflow-scrolling:touch;-ms-overflow-style:-ms-autohiding-scrollbar;-ms-overflow-style:none;scrollbar-width:none;}.ssrcss-141d9xq-MenuListContainer::-webkit-scrollbar{display:none;}}}.ssrcss-yhbmpm-StyledMenuList{font-family:ReithSans,Helvetica,Arial,freesans,sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-feature-settings:'ss01' off;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-yhbmpm-StyledMenuList{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-box-flex-wrap:wrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:wrap;-ms-flex-wrap:wrap;flex-wrap:wrap;position:relative;left:-0.5rem;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-yhbmpm-StyledMenuList{-webkit-box-flex-wrap:nowrap;-webkit-flex-wrap:nowrap;-ms-flex-wrap:nowrap;flex-wrap:nowrap;}}}.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{border-bottom:0.0625rem solid #8A8C8E;position:relative;break-inside:avoid;margin:0;padding:0;}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{border-bottom:none;}}@media (min-width: 37.5rem){.ssrcss-or45ca-StyledMenuItem{-webkit-flex:none;-ms-flex:none;flex:none;}}.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink{box-sizing:border-box;display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;padding:0.25rem 0 0.25rem 0.5rem;color:inherit;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;min-height:2.375rem;}@media (pointer: coarse){.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink{min-height:2.75rem;}}.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink:hover,.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink:focus{background-color:#E6E8EA;}.ssrcss-dgu9ea-StyledLink:focus-visible{box-shadow:inset 0 0 0 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https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/88C7/production/_94951053_407a6f05-7581-4d08-af7f-7a6647ed9985.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/88C7/production/_94951053_407a6f05-7581-4d08-af7f-7a6647ed9985.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/88C7/production/_94951053_407a6f05-7581-4d08-af7f-7a6647ed9985.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="President Nursultan Nazarbayev of Kazakhstan (right, with guard standing to attention on the left) arrives at the G20 Summit, on September 4, 2016 in Hangzhou, China." src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/88C7/production/_94951053_407a6f05-7581-4d08-af7f-7a6647ed9985.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/88C7/production/_94951053_407a6f05-7581-4d08-af7f-7a6647ed9985.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/88C7/production/_94951053_407a6f05-7581-4d08-af7f-7a6647ed9985.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/88C7/production/_94951053_407a6f05-7581-4d08-af7f-7a6647ed9985.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/88C7/production/_94951053_407a6f05-7581-4d08-af7f-7a6647ed9985.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/88C7/production/_94951053_407a6f05-7581-4d08-af7f-7a6647ed9985.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/88C7/production/_94951053_407a6f05-7581-4d08-af7f-7a6647ed9985.jpg 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>Getty Images</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-179o3th-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">President Nazarbayev, 76, says the aim is to democratise government</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="byline-block" class="ssrcss-1hbb5i-BylineComponentWrapper e8mq1e90"><div class="ssrcss-qt5zqv-BylineWrapper e19uhciu17"><div class="ssrcss-h3c0s8-ContributorContainer e19uhciu16"><div class="ssrcss-1u2in0b-Container-ContributorDetails e19uhciu13"><div class="ssrcss-68pt20-Text-TextContributorName e19uhciu6">By Abdujalil Abdurasulov </div><div class="ssrcss-84ltp5-Text e19uhciu10">BBC News</div></div></div></div><div class="ssrcss-jlwt2c-Divider e19uhciu15"></div></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10"><b class="ssrcss-1xjjfut-BoldText e5tfeyi3">Authoritarian leaders usually seize more control - but Kazakhstan&#x27;s President Nursultan Nazarbayev has agreed to share some of his powers with parliament and the cabinet. Are the constitutional changes a real step towards democracy or could they be a political manoeuvre? </b></p></div></div><div data-component="subheadline-block" class="ssrcss-19w8cxh-ComponentWrapper-HeadlineComponentWrapper egtrm1f0"><h2 id="What-has-changed-" tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-pbttu9-Heading e10rt3ze0"><span role="text">What has changed? </span></h2></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The amendments proposed by Mr Nazarbayev and approved by parliament on Monday will give lawmakers more power, on paper. The cabinet will now report its main initiatives not just to the president but also to parliament. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Presidents will no longer be able to issue decrees that have the power of law. And parliament gets a greater say in appointing and sacking cabinet members, while the executive branch becomes more independent.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The president will no longer be able to override parliamentary votes of no-confidence in cabinet members. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">&quot;Upon my instructions, the cabinet prepared the bill that will delegate 35 responsibilities of the president to lower levels of government,&quot; President Nazarbayev, who has been regularly criticised for persecuting opponents and violating human rights, told a joint session of parliament. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Under the changes he will no longer be able to suspend decisions taken by the prime minister and cabinet, so they will be fully responsible for implementing state programmes and policies. </p></div></div><div data-component="subheadline-block" class="ssrcss-19w8cxh-ComponentWrapper-HeadlineComponentWrapper egtrm1f0"><h2 id="Will-this-really-strengthen-democracy-" tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-pbttu9-Heading e10rt3ze0"><span role="text">Will this really strengthen democracy? </span></h2></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Although the changes seem to strengthen the system of checks and balances, and allow some mechanisms to limit the president&#x27;s power, many observers remain sceptical. </p></div></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1qlkdz0-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-12jfuxk-Placeholder etlorgc0"><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/159B9/production/_94950588_b4fe97a1-9f89-4ed9-9d4e-eaa9e91df5b1.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/159B9/production/_94950588_b4fe97a1-9f89-4ed9-9d4e-eaa9e91df5b1.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/159B9/production/_94950588_b4fe97a1-9f89-4ed9-9d4e-eaa9e91df5b1.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/159B9/production/_94950588_b4fe97a1-9f89-4ed9-9d4e-eaa9e91df5b1.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/159B9/production/_94950588_b4fe97a1-9f89-4ed9-9d4e-eaa9e91df5b1.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/159B9/production/_94950588_b4fe97a1-9f89-4ed9-9d4e-eaa9e91df5b1.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="A frozen street in Astana, Kazakhstan, 25 Jan 2017." loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/159B9/production/_94950588_b4fe97a1-9f89-4ed9-9d4e-eaa9e91df5b1.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/159B9/production/_94950588_b4fe97a1-9f89-4ed9-9d4e-eaa9e91df5b1.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/159B9/production/_94950588_b4fe97a1-9f89-4ed9-9d4e-eaa9e91df5b1.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/159B9/production/_94950588_b4fe97a1-9f89-4ed9-9d4e-eaa9e91df5b1.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/159B9/production/_94950588_b4fe97a1-9f89-4ed9-9d4e-eaa9e91df5b1.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/159B9/production/_94950588_b4fe97a1-9f89-4ed9-9d4e-eaa9e91df5b1.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/159B9/production/_94950588_b4fe97a1-9f89-4ed9-9d4e-eaa9e91df5b1.jpg 976w" width="976" height="650" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>AFP</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-179o3th-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Many people in Kazakhstan and its capital Astana have never known another president</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">In the absence of a genuine opposition, the changes will be cosmetic, they say.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Dosym Satpayev, a political analyst based in Almaty, argues that if the government doesn&#x27;t allow real opposition to compete for power, then strengthening parliament will not advance democracy in the country since only pro-presidential parties will get seats after the elections. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Also, the amendments will keep the president as the &quot;supreme arbitrator&quot; who will serve as a power broker between different branches. He will keep his powers to appoint ministers of foreign affairs, defence and interior. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The role of the president as the &quot;founder of independent Kazakhstan, the first president and the leader of the nation&quot; will also be enshrined in the constitution. </p></div></div><div data-component="subheadline-block" class="ssrcss-19w8cxh-ComponentWrapper-HeadlineComponentWrapper egtrm1f0"><h2 id="So-whats-the-purpose-of-the-reforms-" tabindex="-1" class="ssrcss-pbttu9-Heading e10rt3ze0"><span role="text">So what&#x27;s the purpose of the reforms? </span></h2></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Many observers agree that the constitutional changes are aimed at preparing the ground for a political succession in Kazakhstan, the only former Soviet republic still run by a leader from the communist era. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">President Nazarbayev is 76 and many in the oil- and mineral-rich country wonder who will replace him. </p></div></div><div data-component="image-block" class="ssrcss-1qlkdz0-ComponentWrapper-FullWidthWrapper ey0461q0"><figure class="ssrcss-1vfya96-StyledFigure e34k3c22"><div class="ssrcss-ab5fd8-StyledFigureContainer e34k3c21"><span class="ssrcss-5zsoxt-Placeholder etlorgc0"><picture><source srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg.webp 976w" type="image/webp"/><img alt="Kazakhstan&#x27;s President Nursultan Nazarbayev seated during the G20 opening ceremony at the Hangzhou International Expo Center on September 4, 2016 in Hangzhou, China." loading="lazy" src="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg" srcSet="https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg 976w" width="976" height="549" class="ssrcss-11yxrdo-Image edrdn950"/></picture></span><span role="text" class="ssrcss-tvuve5-StyledFigureCopyright e34k3c20"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image source, </span>Getty Images</span></div><figcaption class="ssrcss-179o3th-StyledFigureCaption ehbdhz00"><span class="visually-hidden ssrcss-1f39n02-VisuallyHidden e16en2lz0">Image caption, </span><div spacing="6" class="ssrcss-y7krbn-Stack e1y4nx260"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">President Nazarbayev&#x27;s long rule may be nearing an end</p></div></figcaption></figure></div><div data-component="text-block" class="ssrcss-uf6wea-RichTextComponentWrapper ep2nwvo0"><div class="ssrcss-7uxr49-RichTextContainer e5tfeyi1"><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The death of Islam Karimov, another long-serving leader in neighbouring Uzbekistan in September, may have reminded Mr Nazarbayev of the need to prepare for a succession. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Following Mr Karimov&#x27;s funeral, analysts point out, there were several key appointment in Kazakhstan, including a new security services head. A number of top level state officials were also arrested, Dosym Satpaev says, which is seen as a signal that the government is actively getting ready for a succession. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The constitutional changes are being seen as part of this process. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">&quot;We also need to get ready for a power transit,&quot; said Yuriy Buluktayev from the Kazakhstan Institute of Strategic Studies, &quot;and that&#x27;s why it&#x27;s important to strengthen political institutions, first of all the parliament.&quot;</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">The amendments are aimed at helping ensure a smooth power transition when the time comes.</p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">They will provide protection for the president and his family and ensure that his successor will continue the same politics carried out by Mr Nazarbayev, observers say. </p><p class="ssrcss-1q0x1qg-Paragraph e1jhz7w10">Kazakhstan&#x27;s constitution has been changed a number of times in favour of the president and there are no guarantees that whoever comes after Mr Nazarbayev will not do it again.</p></div></div><div id="piano-inline1"></div><div data-component="links-block" class="ssrcss-5i1hhv-LinksComponentWrapper e3eyuya0"><section class="ssrcss-msolhr-LinksWrapper e3eyuya5"><div class="ssrcss-1lqqmgw-LinksHeadingWrapper e3eyuya4"><h2 type="normal" class="ssrcss-ad2rmd-Heading e10rt3ze0">More on this story</h2></div><ul role="list" class="ssrcss-1ypkflt-EndOfContentLinksGrid e3eyuya2"><li class="ssrcss-547yr3-PromoItem e3eyuya1"><div data-testid="promo" class="ssrcss-15ic1ob-Promo e1vyq2e80"><div class="ssrcss-1m4lri3-PromoSwitchLayoutAtBreakpoints et5qctl0"><div class="ssrcss-1d68cot-PromoContent exn3ah99"><div spacing="2" class="ssrcss-1f3bvyz-Stack e1y4nx260"><a href="/news/world-asia-pacific-15479889" class="ssrcss-1mrs5ns-PromoLink exn3ah91"><span role="text"><p 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He will keep his powers to appoint ministers of foreign affairs, defence and interior. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Also, the amendments will keep the president as the \\\"supreme arbitrator\\\" who will serve as a power broker between different branches. He will keep his powers to appoint ministers of foreign affairs, defence and interior. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The role of the president as the \\\"founder of independent Kazakhstan, the first president and the leader of the nation\\\" will also be enshrined in the constitution. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The role of the president as the \\\"founder of independent Kazakhstan, the first president and the leader of the nation\\\" will also be enshrined in the constitution. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"subheadline\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"So what's the purpose of the reforms? \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"So what's the purpose of the reforms? \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}}],\"level\":2,\"fontScale\":\"headlineSmall\",\"id\":\"So-whats-the-purpose-of-the-reforms-\",\"isFocusable\":true}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Many observers agree that the constitutional changes are aimed at preparing the ground for a political succession in Kazakhstan, the only former Soviet republic still run by a leader from the communist era. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Many observers agree that the constitutional changes are aimed at preparing the ground for a political succession in Kazakhstan, the only former Soviet republic still run by a leader from the communist era. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"President Nazarbayev is 76 and many in the oil- and mineral-rich country wonder who will replace him. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"President Nazarbayev is 76 and many in the oil- and mineral-rich country wonder who will replace him. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},{\"type\":\"image\",\"model\":{\"caption\":{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"President Nazarbayev's long rule may be nearing an end\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"President Nazarbayev's long rule may be nearing an end\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}}]}},\"image\":{\"alt\":\"Kazakhstan's President Nursultan Nazarbayev seated during the G20 opening ceremony at the Hangzhou International Expo Center on September 4, 2016 in Hangzhou, China.\",\"copyright\":\"Getty Images\",\"height\":549,\"width\":976,\"src\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg.webp 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg.webp 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg.webp 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg.webp 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg.webp 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg.webp 976w\",\"mimeType\":\"image/webp\",\"fallbackSrcSets\":[{\"mimeType\":\"image/jpeg\",\"srcSet\":\"https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/240/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg 240w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/320/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg 320w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/480/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg 480w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/624/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg 624w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/800/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg 800w, https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/ace/standard/976/cpsprodpb/3AA7/production/_94951051_b51dd97c-b31c-4587-9b9d-6d05e75123a0.jpg 976w\"}]}}},{\"type\":\"text\",\"model\":{\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The death of Islam Karimov, another long-serving leader in neighbouring Uzbekistan in September, may have reminded Mr Nazarbayev of the need to prepare for a succession. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The death of Islam Karimov, another long-serving leader in neighbouring Uzbekistan in September, may have reminded Mr Nazarbayev of the need to prepare for a succession. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Following Mr Karimov's funeral, analysts point out, there were several key appointment in Kazakhstan, including a new security services head. A number of top level state officials were also arrested, Dosym Satpaev says, which is seen as a signal that the government is actively getting ready for a succession. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Following Mr Karimov's funeral, analysts point out, there were several key appointment in Kazakhstan, including a new security services head. A number of top level state officials were also arrested, Dosym Satpaev says, which is seen as a signal that the government is actively getting ready for a succession. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The constitutional changes are being seen as part of this process. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The constitutional changes are being seen as part of this process. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\\\"We also need to get ready for a power transit,\\\" said Yuriy Buluktayev from the Kazakhstan Institute of Strategic Studies, \\\"and that's why it's important to strengthen political institutions, first of all the parliament.\\\"\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"\\\"We also need to get ready for a power transit,\\\" said Yuriy Buluktayev from the Kazakhstan Institute of Strategic Studies, \\\"and that's why it's important to strengthen political institutions, first of all the parliament.\\\"\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The amendments are aimed at helping ensure a smooth power transition when the time comes.\",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"The amendments are aimed at helping ensure a smooth power transition when the time comes.\",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"They will provide protection for the president and his family and ensure that his successor will continue the same politics carried out by Mr Nazarbayev, observers say. \",\"blocks\":[{\"type\":\"fragment\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"They will provide protection for the president and his family and ensure that his successor will continue the same politics carried out by Mr Nazarbayev, observers say. \",\"attributes\":[]}}]}},{\"type\":\"paragraph\",\"model\":{\"text\":\"Kazakhstan's constitution has been changed a number of times in favour of the president and there are no guarantees 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