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class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Munisai's_death_date" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Munisai's_death_date"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Munisai's death date</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Munisai's_death_date-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Duel_against_the_Yoshioka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Duel_against_the_Yoshioka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Duel against the Yoshioka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Duel_against_the_Yoshioka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recruited_by_the_Shinmen_clan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recruited_by_the_Shinmen_clan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Recruited by the Shinmen clan</span> </div> </a> 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">16th-century Japanese martial artist</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Weasel plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Weasel" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">weasel words</a>: vague phrasing that often accompanies <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">biased</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">unverifiable</a> information</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Such statements should be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">clarified or removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2009</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#efefef"><span class="fn">Shinmen Munisai</span></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">Shinmen Munisai</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">from natural causes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Native name</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nickname" lang="jp">新免無二斎</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Hirata Munisai</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Residence</th><td class="infobox-data">Japan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Style</th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Kenjutsu" title="Kenjutsu">Kenjutsu</a></i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Teacher(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">none verified</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Notable students</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Miyamoto_Musashi" title="Miyamoto Musashi">Miyamoto Musashi</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Japanese_name" title="Japanese name">Japanese name</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is <i> Shinmen</i>.</div> <p><b>Shinmen Munisai</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">新免無二斎</span></span>)</span>, also called Miyamoto Muninosuke,<sup id="cite_ref-mol_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mol-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a martial artist, expert in using the sword and the <a href="/wiki/Jutte" class="mw-redirect" title="Jutte">jutte</a>. He was also the adopted father of the famous <i><a href="/wiki/R%C5%8Dnin" title="Rōnin">rōnin</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Miyamoto_Musashi" title="Miyamoto Musashi">Miyamoto Musashi</a>. He was the son of Miyamoto Musashi no kami Yoshimoto,<sup id="cite_ref-mol_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mol-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a vassal of Shinmen Iga no Kami, the lord of <a href="/wiki/Takayama_Castle" title="Takayama Castle">Takayama Castle</a> in the Yoshino district of Mimasaka Province. Munisai was relied upon by Lord <a href="/wiki/Shinmen_Sokan" title="Shinmen Sokan">Shinmen Sokan</a>, the head of the <a href="/wiki/Shinmen_clan" title="Shinmen clan">Shinmen clan</a> and so was allowed to use the Shinmen name. He was one of the few to have obtained the title of "Unrivaled Under The Sun", which was offered to him by the Shōgun Ashikaga. </p><p>Munisai founded his own ryūha: the <a href="/w/index.php?title=T%C5%8Dri_Jitte_Ry%C5%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tōri Jitte Ryū (page does not exist)">Tōri Jitte Ryū</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-mol_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mol-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was one of the schools taught to his adopted son <a href="/wiki/Miyamoto_Musashi" title="Miyamoto Musashi">Miyamoto Musashi</a>, who conceived the <a href="/wiki/Hy%C5%8Dh%C5%8D_Niten_Ichi-ry%C5%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū">Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shinmen_Munisai&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Kuroda_clan" title="Kuroda clan">Kuroda clan</a> records, Shinmen Munisai name appeared as a servant of Kuroda clan during the <a href="/wiki/Sekigahara_Campaign" title="Sekigahara Campaign">Sekigahara Campaign</a> in 1600. This fueled the theory about his participation under <a href="/wiki/Kuroda_Yoshitaka" title="Kuroda Yoshitaka">Kuroda Yoshitaka</a> in the battle of Ishigakihara when the Kuroda clan sided with Tokugawa faction.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Munisai's_death_date"><span id="Munisai.27s_death_date"></span>Munisai's death date</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shinmen_Munisai&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Munisai's death date"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because of the uncertainty centering on Munisai (when he died, whether he was truly Musashi's father, etc.), Musashi's mother is known with even less confidence. Here are a few possibilities: </p> <ol><li>Munisai's tomb was correct. He died in 1580, leaving two daughters; his wife adopted a recently born child, from the <a href="/wiki/Akamatsu_clan" title="Akamatsu clan">Akamatsu clan</a>, intended to succeed Munisai at his <a href="/wiki/Jitte" title="Jitte">jitte</a> school. Omasa, Munisai's widow, was not truly Musashi's mother.</li> <li>The tomb was wrong. Munisai lived a good deal longer, later than 1590 possibly. Musashi, then, was born to Munisai's first wife, Yoshiko (daughter to Bessho Shigeharu, who formerly controlled Hirafuku village until he lost a battle in 1578 to Yamanaka Shikanosuke). Munisai divorced her after Musashi's birth, whereupon she decamped for her father's house, leaving Musashi with Munisai. Musashi grew up treating Munisai's second wife, Omasa (daughter to Lord Shinmen) as his mother. This second scenario is laid out in an entry to the Tasumi family's genealogy. The daughter of Bessho Shigeharu first married Hirata Munisai and was divorced from him a few years later. After that she married Tasumi Masahisa. The second wife of Tasumi Masahisa was the mother of Miyamoto Musashi. Musashi's childhood name was Hirata Den. He later became famous on account of his swordsmanship. During his childhood, he went to Hirafuku to find his real mother. He moved in with the Tasumi family.</li></ol> <ol><li>A variant of this second theory is based on the fact that the tombstone states that Omasa gave birth to Musashi on 4 March 1584, and died of it. Munisai then remarried to Yoshiko. They divorced, as in the second theory, but Yoshiko took Musashi, who was 7 at the time, with her, and married Tasumi Masahisa.</li> <li>Kenji Tokitsu prefers to assume a birth date of 1581, which avoids the necessity of assuming the tombstone to be erroneous (although this poses the problem of from whom then Musashi received the transmission of the family martial art).</li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Duel_against_the_Yoshioka">Duel against the Yoshioka</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shinmen_Munisai&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Duel against the Yoshioka"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sometime after <a href="/wiki/Ashikaga_Yoshiteru" title="Ashikaga Yoshiteru">Ashikaga Yoshiteru</a> became the Shōgun, he started in Kyoto a comparison duel between Munisai, who was still called Hirata at the time, and the founder of the <a href="/wiki/Yoshioka-ry%C5%AB" title="Yoshioka-ryū">Yoshioka-ryū</a> school of sword-fighting: Yoshioka Kenpo (who was also the sword instructor of the Ashikaga). Kenpo won the first match, while Munisai won the other two. This event later started a feud between Munisai's son <a href="/wiki/Miyamoto_Musashi" title="Miyamoto Musashi">Miyamoto Musashi</a> and the following generation of the Yoshioka family. Munisai having won the match, the shōgun gave him the title of "Unrivaled Under The Sun".<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recruited_by_the_Shinmen_clan">Recruited by the Shinmen clan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shinmen_Munisai&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Recruited by the Shinmen clan"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Having heard about Munisai, the head of the <a href="/wiki/Shinmen_clan" title="Shinmen clan">Shinmen clan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shinmen_Sokan" title="Shinmen Sokan">Shinmen Sokan</a>, recruited Munisai as instructor of his troops. In 1589, for unknown reasons, Sokan ordered Munisai to kill his student Honiden Gekinosuke.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After this event, he started training his son Musashi in the ways of the sword and of the <a href="/wiki/Jutte" class="mw-redirect" title="Jutte">jutte</a>, but it didn't last long since the inhabitants of <a href="/wiki/Mimasaka,_Okayama" title="Mimasaka, Okayama">Miyamoto</a> village, displeased with Gekinosuke's death, forced him to move away in the village of Kawakami. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shinmen_Munisai&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-mol-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mol_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mol_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mol_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFSerge_Mol2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Serge_Mol" title="Serge Mol">Serge Mol</a> (2003). <i>Classical Weaponry of Japan: Special Weapons and Tactics of the Martial Arts</i>. Kodansha International.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Classical+Weaponry+of+Japan%3A+Special+Weapons+and+Tactics+of+the+Martial+Arts&rft.pub=Kodansha+International&rft.date=2003&rft.au=Serge+Mol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShinmen+Munisai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fzYSAQAAMAAJ"><i>大阪經大論集, Issues 282-284</i></a> (in Japanese). 大阪經濟大學. 2005. p. 55<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 May</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%AA%E7%B6%93%E5%A4%A7%E8%AB%96%E9%9B%86%2C+Issues+282-284&rft.pages=55&rft.pub=%E5%A4%A7%E9%98%AA%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8&rft.date=2005&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfzYSAQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShinmen+Munisai" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Miyamoto_Musashi" title="Miyamoto Musashi">Miyamoto Musashi</a> and in <a href="/wiki/Yoshioka-ry%C5%AB" title="Yoshioka-ryū">Yoshioka-ryū</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tokitsu, p. 14</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shinmen_Munisai&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Lange2014" class="citation book cs1">De Lange, William (2014). <i>Miyamoto Musashi: A Life in Arms</i>. Floating World Editions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-891640-629" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-891640-629"><bdi>978-1-891640-629</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Miyamoto+Musashi%3A+A+Life+in+Arms&rft.pub=Floating+World+Editions&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-891640-629&rft.aulast=De+Lange&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShinmen+Munisai" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Lange2010" class="citation book cs1">De Lange, William (2010). <i>The Real Musashi: The Bushu denraiki</i>. Floating World Editions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-891640-56-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-891640-56-8"><bdi>978-1-891640-56-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Real+Musashi%3A+The+Bushu+denraiki&rft.pub=Floating+World+Editions&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-891640-56-8&rft.aulast=De+Lange&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShinmen+Munisai" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Lange2011" class="citation book cs1">De Lange, William (2011). <i>The Real Musashi: The Bukoden</i>. Floating World Editions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-891640-60-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-891640-60-5"><bdi>978-1-891640-60-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Real+Musashi%3A+The+Bukoden&rft.pub=Floating+World+Editions&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-891640-60-5&rft.aulast=De+Lange&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShinmen+Munisai" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDe_Lange2016" class="citation book cs1">De Lange, William (2016). <i>The Real Musashi: A Miscellany</i>. Floating World Editions. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-891640-86-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-891640-86-5"><bdi>978-1-891640-86-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Real+Musashi%3A+A+Miscellany&rft.pub=Floating+World+Editions&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-891640-86-5&rft.aulast=De+Lange&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShinmen+Munisai" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2014" class="citation book cs1">Moore, JS (2014). <i>Under the Sun: The Miyamoto Musashi Story</i>. Understanding Apples Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5028-0491-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5028-0491-4"><bdi>978-1-5028-0491-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Under+the+Sun%3A+The+Miyamoto+Musashi+Story&rft.pub=Understanding+Apples+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-5028-0491-4&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=JS&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShinmen+Munisai" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTokitsu2004" class="citation book cs1">Tokitsu, Kenji (2004). <i>Miyamoto Musashi: His Life and Writings</i>. Shambhala Publications, Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59030-045-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59030-045-9"><bdi>978-1-59030-045-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Miyamoto+Musashi%3A+His+Life+and+Writings&rft.pub=Shambhala+Publications%2C+Inc.&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=978-1-59030-045-9&rft.aulast=Tokitsu&rft.aufirst=Kenji&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShinmen+Munisai" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shinmen_Munisai&oldid=1248268106">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shinmen_Munisai&oldid=1248268106</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Japanese_swordfighters" title="Category:Japanese swordfighters">Japanese swordfighters</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Miyamoto_Musashi" title="Category:Miyamoto Musashi">Miyamoto Musashi</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Japanese-language_sources_(ja)" title="Category:CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja)">CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_weasel_words_from_March_2009" title="Category:Articles with weasel words from March 2009">Articles with weasel words from March 2009</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_Japanese-language_text" title="Category:Articles containing Japanese-language text">Articles containing Japanese-language text</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 28 September 2024, at 15:46<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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