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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/10/01/weather-statistics-for-september/" title="4:52 pm" rel="bookmark"><span class="entry-date">1 October, 2020</span></a> <span class="by-author"><span class="sep">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/author/dbr1tt0n/" title="View all posts by Met Office Press Office" rel="author">Met Office Press Office</a></span> </span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>Looking back at September as a whole it turned out to be a fairly average month, although there were a few notable events. For the first time in 4 years we saw temperatures reach 30 degrees and a few long running observing sites recorded their highest September temperature on record, although the end of the month saw more unsettled weather and cooler air, including a record low September temperature for Northern Ireland.</p> <p>The first few days of September were rather unsettled, with frontal systems moving across from the west. Southern areas began to see less in the way of rain from the 9th onwards, whereas fronts continued to affect the north, with an especially wet period in western Scotland on the 12th/13th. Warm air moved into southern and eastern areas from the 14th, with a late-season hot spell bringing temperatures not far off 30°C on the 14th and peaking at 31.7°C on the 15th, and settled conditions continuing beyond that for another few days. However, around the 23rd the weather became more unsettled and decidedly cooler.</p> <p><strong>Rainfall</strong></p> <p>September rainfall was well below average for most regions of the UK, with only parts of western Scotland and East Anglia bucking this trend. Argyll and Bute received 203mm of rainfall, thanks mainly to heavy rain on the 12th while a slow-moving band of rain sat over much of the East Anglian coast on the 25th boosting rainfall levels here. Over the month Norfolk recorded 93.7mm of rain, 66% above its September average, with Houghton Hall receiving 45.2mm of rainfall on the 25th alone, while Cambridge weather station, around 55 miles inland, recorded no rainfall at all on that day.</p> <figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><td></td><td><strong>Rainfall</strong></td></tr><tr><td>Provisional September figures</td><td><strong>Actual rainfall</strong></td><td><strong>% of the September average   </strong></td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>UK</td><td>74.3mm</td><td>77</td></tr><tr><td>England</td><td>44.9mm</td><td>65</td></tr><tr><td>Wales</td><td>76.2mm</td><td>65</td></tr><tr><td>Scotland</td><td>121.8mm</td><td>90</td></tr><tr><td>Northern Ireland</td><td>58.1mm</td><td>85</td></tr></tbody></table></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-attachment-id="11753" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/rainfall-uk/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rainfall-uk.png" data-orig-size="575,804" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="rainfall-uk" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rainfall-uk.png?w=215" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rainfall-uk.png?w=575" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rainfall-uk.png?w=575" alt="" class="wp-image-11753" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rainfall-uk.png 575w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rainfall-uk.png?w=107 107w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rainfall-uk.png?w=215 215w" sizes="(max-width: 575px) 100vw, 575px"/></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-attachment-id="11754" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/rain-2/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rain.png" data-orig-size="3720,1586" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="rain" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rain.png?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rain.png?w=640" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rain.png?w=1024" alt="" class="wp-image-11754" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rain.png?w=1024 1024w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rain.png?w=2048 2048w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rain.png?w=150 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rain.png?w=300 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/rain.png?w=768 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px"/></figure> <p><strong>Temperature</strong></p> <p>For the first time since 2016 we saw temperatures reach 30 degrees in September. The 14th and 15th September were the warmest days this month. The 14th reached 29C and 6 weather stations recorded temperatures of 30C or above on the 15th.</p> <p>Back in 2016 the hot weather was longer lasting and more wide-spread with temperatures reaching 34.4C at Gravesend in Kent on 13th September 2016.</p> <p>Northern Ireland recorded its lowest minimum temperature on record for September on the 27th with a minimum of -3.7C. This beats the previous record of -3.6C which was again set at Katesbridge in 2018.</p> <figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><td></td><td><strong>Maximum temperature</strong></td><td> </td><td><strong> Minimum temperature</strong></td><td></td><td> </td><td></td></tr><tr><td>Provisional September figures</td><td><strong>Actual °C</strong></td><td><strong>Difference from Sept average °C</strong></td><td><strong>Actual °C</strong></td><td><strong>Difference from Sept average °C</strong></td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>UK</td><td>17.1</td><td>0.6</td><td>8.6</td><td>-0.2</td></tr><tr><td>England</td><td>18.6</td><td>0.7</td><td>9.3</td><td>-0.2</td></tr><tr><td>Wales</td><td>17.2</td><td>0.6</td><td>8.9</td><td>-0.2</td></tr><tr><td>Scotland</td><td>14.8</td><td>0.4</td><td>7.3</td><td>-0.3</td></tr><tr><td>Northern Ireland</td><td>16.5</td><td>0.4</td><td>8.6</td><td>-0.1</td></tr></tbody></table></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-attachment-id="11755" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tmean-2/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/tmean.png" data-orig-size="3720,1554" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="tmean" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/tmean.png?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/tmean.png?w=640" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/tmean.png?w=1024" alt="" class="wp-image-11755" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/tmean.png?w=1024 1024w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/tmean.png?w=2048 2048w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/tmean.png?w=150 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/tmean.png?w=300 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/tmean.png?w=768 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px"/></figure> <p><strong>Sunshine</strong></p> <p>September was a sunny month overall for many with most areas seeing above average sunshine hours.</p> <figure class="wp-block-table"><table><thead><tr><td></td><td><strong>Sunshine </strong></td></tr><tr><td>Provisional September figures</td><td><strong>Actual sunshine in hours</strong></td><td><strong>% of the September average   </strong></td></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>UK</td><td>145.3</td><td>117</td></tr><tr><td>England</td><td>166.2</td><td>121</td></tr><tr><td>Wales</td><td>153.7</td><td>120</td></tr><tr><td>Scotland</td><td>112.5</td><td>107</td></tr><tr><td>Northern Ireland</td><td>121.9</td><td>107</td></tr></tbody></table></figure> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-attachment-id="11756" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/sun-2/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/sun.png" data-orig-size="3720,1586" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="sun" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/sun.png?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/sun.png?w=640" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/sun.png?w=1024" alt="" class="wp-image-11756" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/sun.png?w=1024 1024w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/sun.png?w=2048 2048w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/sun.png?w=150 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/sun.png?w=300 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/10/sun.png?w=768 768w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px"/></figure> <p></p> <p>You can get the most accurate and up to date forecast for your area using our forecast pages and by following us on <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://twitter.com/metoffice" target="_blank">Twitter</a> and <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/http://www.facebook.com/metoffice" target="_blank">Facebook</a>, as well as using our <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/app" target="_blank">mobile app</a> which is available for iPhone from the <a rel="noreferrer noopener" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://itunes.apple.com/app/met-office-weather/id1068146838?ls=1&mt=8" target="_blank">App store</a> and for Android from the <a rel="noreferrer noopener" 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You can check the latest weather warnings on our <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/warnings-and-advice/uk-warnings#?date=2020-02-22&id=54e41dc4-192a-45b5-b553-0c5daa14de3f&details">severe weather warnings</a> pages.</p> <p>For the latest guidance to follow during the COVID-19 pandemic please visit the UK Government’s <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus">coronavirus advice</a> page. 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rel="tag">weather</a> </span> <span class="meta-sep">|</span> <span class="comments-link"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/10/01/weather-statistics-for-september/#respond">Leave a comment</a></span> </div> </div> <div id="post-11732" class="post-11732 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-met-office-news tag-european-weather tag-storm-names tag-weather"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/29/storm-alex-or-storm-aiden/" rel="bookmark">Storm Alex, so why not Storm Aiden?</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="meta-prep meta-prep-author">Posted on</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/29/storm-alex-or-storm-aiden/" title="12:34 pm" rel="bookmark"><span class="entry-date">29 September, 2020</span></a> <span class="by-author"><span class="sep">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/author/dbr1tt0n/" title="View all posts by Met Office Press Office" rel="author">Met Office Press Office</a></span> </span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>Many media outlets have been reporting that ‘Storm Aiden’ will batter Britain with strong winds and heavy rain this weekend. </p> <p>Over the last few days, weather forecasting computers – known as <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/approach/modelling-systems/unified-model/weather-forecasting">Numerical Weather Prediction</a> (NWP) models – have been predicting a deep area of low pressure to develop close to the UK this weekend, bringing the potential for severe weather. Chief Meteorologists at the Met Office are closely monitoring developments.</p> <p class="has-medium-font-size"><em>Why do we name storms?</em></p> <p>Since 2015 the Met Office, along with Met Éireann and KNMI, the national weather services in Ireland and the Netherlands, have been naming storms based on weather warnings in order to raise awareness of the potential impacts of severe weather.</p> <figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-rich is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio"> <div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-yFZ0jjmoM" rel="nofollow">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-yFZ0jjmoM</a></div> <figcaption>Why do we name storms?</figcaption> </figure> <p>Latest NWP model output has moved the initial position of this weekend’s low-pressure system further south across France early on Friday. With very strong winds forecast, countries in the south-west Europe naming group – France, Spain, Portugal and Belgium – have named ‘Storm Alex’, which is the first name on their list for 2020-2021. The impacts further north were not considered strong enough for the Western European storm-naming group to name the system as ‘Storm Aiden’.</p> <p>Later on Friday and over the weekend this system will move closer to the UK, bringing heavy rain and strong winds to many areas.</p> <figure class="wp-block-image size-large"><img data-attachment-id="11740" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/european-groups-1/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/european-groups-1.png" data-orig-size="1920,1080" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="european-groups-1" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/european-groups-1.png?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/european-groups-1.png?w=640" class="wp-image-11740" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/european-groups-1.png?w=1024" alt="" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/european-groups-1.png?w=1024 1024w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/european-groups-1.png?w=150 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/european-groups-1.png?w=300 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/european-groups-1.png?w=768 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/european-groups-1.png 1920w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px"/> <figcaption>European Storm naming groups</figcaption> </figure> <p>When a storm is named by another weather service in Europe (see European storm naming groups image above) it is agreed that the same name will be used by all weather services in order to retain a consistent message. Similarly, if a weather system impacting the UK were the remnants of a Hurricane that has moved across the Atlantic, we will use the same name, for example <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/warnings-and-advice/uk-storm-centre/ex-hurricane-ophelia">ex-Hurricane Ophelia</a> in 2017.</p> <p>This weekend, it will be wet and windy for many of us. Keep an eye on the latest Met Office weather forecast and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/warnings-and-advice/uk-warnings#?date=2020-09-29">severe weather warnings</a> where you are using our <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/forecast/uk">forecast pages </a>and by following us on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://twitter.com/metoffice">Twitter </a>and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.facebook.com/metoffice">Facebook</a>, as well as using our <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/what/met-office-weather-app">mobile app</a>.</p> <div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div 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in</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/category/met-office-news/" rel="category tag">Met Office News</a> </span> <span class="meta-sep">|</span> <span class="tag-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/european-weather/" rel="tag">European weather</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/storm-names/" rel="tag">storm names</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/weather/" rel="tag">weather</a> </span> <span class="meta-sep">|</span> <span class="comments-link"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/29/storm-alex-or-storm-aiden/#respond">Leave a comment</a></span> </div> </div> <div id="post-11719" class="post-11719 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-met-office-news tag-climate-change tag-climate-science tag-met-office tag-met-office-hadley-centre tag-wildfire tag-wildfires"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/21/climate-change-the-perfect-fuel-for-wildfires/" rel="bookmark">Climate Change: The perfect fuel for wildfires? </a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="meta-prep meta-prep-author">Posted on</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/21/climate-change-the-perfect-fuel-for-wildfires/" title="2:49 pm" rel="bookmark"><span class="entry-date">21 September, 2020</span></a> <span class="by-author"><span class="sep">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/author/dbr1tt0n/" title="View all posts by Met Office Press Office" rel="author">Met Office Press Office</a></span> </span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p><i>As </i><i>wildfires continue to </i><i>rage </i><i>in North and South America, </i><i>Met Office</i><i> Chief Scientist</i><i> </i><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/people/stephen-belcher"><i>Professor Stephen Belcher</i></a><i> </i><i>examines </i><i>what has </i><i>led to </i><i>the </i><i>potentially </i><i>record-breaking</i><i> </i><i>scale o</i><i>f fires</i><i> and </i><i>what science is needed </i><i>to </i><i>contain</i><i> the risks</i><i>. </i></p> <p><div data-shortcode="caption" id="attachment_11726" style="width: 650px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/california-wildfires-for-blog.jpg"><img loading="lazy" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-11726" data-attachment-id="11726" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/21/climate-change-the-perfect-fuel-for-wildfires/california-wildfires-for-blog/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/california-wildfires-for-blog.jpg" data-orig-size="1265,1080" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="California wildfires for blog" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/california-wildfires-for-blog.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/california-wildfires-for-blog.jpg?w=640" class="wp-image-11726 size-full" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/california-wildfires-for-blog.jpg" alt="California wildfires" width="640" height="546" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/california-wildfires-for-blog.jpg?w=640&h=546 640w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/california-wildfires-for-blog.jpg?w=150&h=128 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/california-wildfires-for-blog.jpg?w=300&h=256 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/california-wildfires-for-blog.jpg?w=768&h=656 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/california-wildfires-for-blog.jpg?w=1024&h=874 1024w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/california-wildfires-for-blog.jpg 1265w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/></a><p id="caption-attachment-11726" class="wp-caption-text">California firefighters tackling one of many wildfires which have raged across the eastern United States during 2020. Pic: Shutterstock.</p></div></p> <p>Last year wildfires ravaged Australia. This year has seen reports of extensive fires in the Amazon, in California, and earlier this year during the hot spell, also in the UK. Even the area within the Arctic Circle is experiencing an extraordinary fire season, with <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/press-office/news/weather-and-climate/2020/prolonged-siberian-heat-almost-impossible-without-climate-change---attribution-study">thawing permafrost</a> exposing large areas of carbon-rich peatlands, acting as additional fuel and a huge new source of greenhouse gas emissions. And it’s not just that we are seeing more in the news about wildfires, data shows the number of fires is increasing. By May this year, the number of wildfires recorded in South America was already <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/binaries/content/assets/metofficegovuk/pdf/research/wcssp/report-cssp-fire-aug-oct_env2.pdf">higher than in any previous year</a> since systematic monitoring began in 1998. And since the early 1970s, California’s annual wildfire extent has <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1029/2019EF001210">increased fivefold</a>.</p> <p>Wildfires are more severe during extended periods of hot dry weather, because higher temperatures cause more evaporation and that dries the vegetation, creating fuel for the fires. For example, last year, Australia saw very hot, dry, conditions caused by a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/news/2020/causes-of-extreme-fire-weather-in-australia).">pattern of temperatures in the Indian Ocean</a>, known as the in Indian Ocean Dipole. The Indian Ocean Dipole is a natural fluctuation in the climate that affects the weather patterns around the world including in Australia, but now this fluctuation is adding onto a world that is warmer because of climate change.</p> <p>So now that the globally-averaged temperature has risen to more than 1.0°C warmer than in the pre-industrial world, it is not surprising that we are seeing more wildfires around the world. Importantly though, higher temperatures alone will not necessarily lead to more fires. Fuel must be available and there needs to be an ignition source, either by human influence or lightning strikes. Climate change may also lead to wetter conditions in some places, as warmer air can hold more moisture, which can affect fuel availability and flammability.</p> <p>In January this year, an international group of scientists, including from the Met Office, got together to survey the published scientific evidence and concluded there is <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/press-office/news/weather-and-climate/2020/climate-change-increases-the-risk-of-wildfires;%20full%20report:%20https:/sciencebrief.org/briefs/wildfires">consistent evidence</a> that hot dry weather conditions promoting wildfires are becoming more severe and widespread due to climate change.</p> <p>So, we are going to continue to experience more wildfires as the climate changes. This is driving a need to provide forecasts that trigger fire prevention to limit accidental fires. At the Met Office we now produce <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/fire-severity-index/#?tab=map&fcTime=1535022000&zoom=5&lon=-4.00&lat=55.74">forecasts of </a>a ‘fire severity index’ for England and Wales. And earlier this year, scientists from the Met Office and from CEMADEN and INPE in Brazil, developed a technique to assess the likelihood of high fire conditions across South America during the riskier months of August to October. This is part of a broader move from traditional forecasting of weather into forecasting the impacts of weather.</p> <p><div data-shortcode="caption" id="attachment_11723" style="width: 3905px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/mapa_alertas-01-1.jpg-cropped.jpg"><img loading="lazy" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-11723" data-attachment-id="11723" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/21/climate-change-the-perfect-fuel-for-wildfires/mapa_alertas-01-1-jpg-cropped/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/mapa_alertas-01-1.jpg-cropped.jpg" data-orig-size="3895,5148" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="mapa_alertas-01 (1).jpg cropped" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/mapa_alertas-01-1.jpg-cropped.jpg?w=227" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/mapa_alertas-01-1.jpg-cropped.jpg?w=640" class="wp-image-11723 size-full" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/mapa_alertas-01-1.jpg-cropped.jpg" alt="Map of South America showing status of fire alert within protected areas" width="3895" height="5148" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/mapa_alertas-01-1.jpg-cropped.jpg 3895w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/mapa_alertas-01-1.jpg-cropped.jpg?w=113&h=150 113w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/mapa_alertas-01-1.jpg-cropped.jpg?w=227&h=300 227w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/mapa_alertas-01-1.jpg-cropped.jpg?w=768&h=1015 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/mapa_alertas-01-1.jpg-cropped.jpg?w=775&h=1024 775w" sizes="(max-width: 3895px) 100vw, 3895px"/></a><p id="caption-attachment-11723" class="wp-caption-text">Map of South America showing status of fire alert within protected areas</p></div></p> <p>Chantelle Burton a Climate Scientist at the Met Office who specialises in wildfire research, said: “By using computer simulations of the climate now, with the present-day levels of carbon dioxide, and comparing with computer simulations of the climate with pre-industrial levels of carbon dioxide, we can calculate how climate change has <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/press-office/news/weather-and-climate/2020/chances-of-40c-days-in-the-uk-increasing-due-to-human-influence">increased the chances</a> of hot weather spells. These techniques are now being extended to calculate the role of climate change in increasing the chances of wildfires.”</p> <p>Wildfires also pump additional <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/press-office/news/weather-and-climate/2020/2020-global-co2-forecast">carbon dioxide into the atmosphere</a>, so can act as a ‘<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/climate-change/climate-glossary#P">positive feedback</a>’. So, as the world warms, we expect more wildfires, that will further warm the climate. Putting numbers on this is a difficult task. Pioneering <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feart.2020.00199/full">recent research</a> at the Met Office has combined outputs from vegetation and climate models, paving the way for future climate projections to include wildfires.</p> <p>If we are to meet the ambitious Paris Climate Agreement to keep global warming to below 2.0°C degrees above pre-industrial levels, then we must cap our atmospheric carbon dioxide levels. Additional release of carbon dioxide from wildfires reduces yet further the volume of fossil fuels that can be burnt whilst keeping global warming in line with the Paris Agreement. There are other natural processes that are likely to emit additional greenhouse gases into the atmosphere as the climate warms, for example permafrost melting in Siberia. But it’s all about numbers now. A high priority for climate science is to put numbers on these positive feedbacks through better measurements and improved computer models of the climate system so that we can plan for a future that keeps global warming to within the lowest possible limits.</p> <div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="" class="share-email sd-button share-icon" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/21/climate-change-the-perfect-fuel-for-wildfires/?share=email" target="_blank" title="Click to email this to a friend"><span>Email</span></a></li><li class="share-print"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="" class="share-print sd-button share-icon" 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data-src="//web.archive.org/web/20201005120315oe_/https://widgets.wp.com/likes/index.html?ver=20200826#blog_id=14516441&post_id=11719&origin=metofficenews.wordpress.com&obj_id=14516441-11719-5f7b0b8382236&domain=blog.metoffice.gov.uk" data-name="like-post-frame-14516441-11719-5f7b0b8382236"><h3 class="sd-title">Like this:</h3><div class="likes-widget-placeholder post-likes-widget-placeholder" style="height: 55px;"><span class="button"><span>Like</span></span> <span class="loading">Loading...</span></div><span class="sd-text-color"></span><a class="sd-link-color"></a></div></div> </div> <div class="entry-utility"> <span class="cat-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/category/met-office-news/" rel="category tag">Met Office News</a> </span> <span class="meta-sep">|</span> <span class="tag-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/21/climate-change-the-perfect-fuel-for-wildfires/#respond">Leave a comment</a></span> </div> </div> <div id="post-11697" class="post-11697 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-met-office-news tag-atlantic-hurricane-season tag-atlantic-storm-season tag-cyclone-season tag-hurricane tag-la-nina tag-medicane tag-met-office tag-tropical-cyclone tag-tropical-storm"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/18/atlantic-tropical-storms-forming-at-a-record-pace/" rel="bookmark">Atlantic tropical storms forming at a record pace</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="meta-prep meta-prep-author">Posted on</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/18/atlantic-tropical-storms-forming-at-a-record-pace/" title="4:06 pm" rel="bookmark"><span class="entry-date">18 September, 2020</span></a> <span class="by-author"><span class="sep">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/author/dbr1tt0n/" title="View all posts by Met Office Press Office" rel="author">Met Office Press Office</a></span> </span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>Author: Julian Heming, Met Office Tropical Prediction Scientist.</p> <p><strong>Update 21 Sept 2020</strong></p> <p><em>Shortly after publishing the blog below two more storms were named. A low pressure system near Portugal was named Subtropical Storm Alpha, which made landfall later on Friday 18th September. Then the evening of the 18th Tropical Storm Beta formed, this storm is expected to come ashore over Texas soon.</em></p> <p><em>There have now been a total of 23 named storms so far this season and this is the first time Greek names have had to be used in 15 years.</em></p> <p><strong>Original blog</strong></p> <p>The Atlantic region is currently setting a record-breaking pace for the formation of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/weather/tropical-cyclones/facts">tropical cyclones</a>. As of 18 September 2020, a total of 21 storms had formed – more than any other year on record at this stage in the June to November season. Only once have more storms been recorded in a season, that was 2005 when there were 28. There are 21 names on the Atlantic storm <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://public.wmo.int/en/our-mandate/focus-areas/natural-hazards-and-disaster-risk-reduction/tropical-cyclones/Naming">naming list</a>, when these have been allocated letters from the Greek alphabet are used. Therefore the next storm to be named will be Tropical Storm Alpha. However, that only paints part of the picture of what has been happening in the Atlantic and other parts of the northern hemisphere this year.</p> <p><strong>Active Atlantic</strong></p> <p>A combination of several climate factors is driving the active Atlantic storm season this year. A main driver is the development of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/learn-about/weather/oceans/el-nino">La Niña </a>conditions in the eastern Pacific, which acts to reduce wind shear over the Atlantic allowing storms to form more readily. High wind shear prevents or slows tropical storm formation. The sea-surface temperatures over large parts of the Atlantic have been higher than average and the west African monsoon has also been strong meaning the easterly waves which cross west Africa and produce Atlantic storms have been potent.</p> <p>Although there has been a record number of Atlantic storm formations, eight have become hurricanes (winds 74 mph or greater) and just two have become a ‘major’ hurricane (winds 111 mph or greater). This is a lower proportion of hurricanes and major hurricanes than would be expected from a total of 21 tropical storms based on past climate figures. Also, several of this season’s storms were quite short lived, particularly early in the season. Thus, by some measures other than the number of storms, this season has had lower levels of activity than some previous seasons to date.</p> <p>One feature of the current storm season is the high number of storms reaching landfall over the USA. Tropical Storms Bertha, Cristobal, Fay and Marco and Hurricanes Hanna, Isaias, Laura and Sally have all come ashore over the USA.</p> <p><div data-shortcode="caption" id="attachment_11699" style="width: 650px" class="wp-caption alignleft"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-1.png"><img loading="lazy" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-11699" data-attachment-id="11699" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/18/atlantic-tropical-storms-forming-at-a-record-pace/ts-blog-1-2/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-1.png" data-orig-size="1117,830" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ts blog 1" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-1.png?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-1.png?w=640" class="size-full wp-image-11699" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-1.png" alt="" width="640" height="476" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-1.png?w=640&h=476 640w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-1.png?w=150&h=111 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-1.png?w=300&h=223 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-1.png?w=768&h=571 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-1.png?w=1024&h=761 1024w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-1.png 1117w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/></a><p id="caption-attachment-11699" class="wp-caption-text">Hurricane Laura at landfall over Louisiana, USA seen on 27 August 2020.<br/>Picture: RAMMB/CIRA.</p></div></p> <p>Hurricane Laura was the strongest of these bringing wind gusts of over 130 mph and a storm surge of near 15 feet at its peak. Although weaker than Laura as measured by wind speed, Hurricane Sally became slow moving at landfall and dropped as much as 30” (750 mm) of rainfall over some parts of southern USA. In addition, Hurricane Paulette made landfall directly over Bermuda in the Atlantic Ocean. This is fourth hurricane landfall over this small Atlantic territory in the last six years.</p> <p><div data-shortcode="caption" id="attachment_11703" style="width: 650px" class="wp-caption alignleft"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-2.png"><img loading="lazy" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-11703" data-attachment-id="11703" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/18/atlantic-tropical-storms-forming-at-a-record-pace/ts-blog-2-2/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-2.png" data-orig-size="1041,797" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ts blog 2" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-2.png?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-2.png?w=640" class="size-full wp-image-11703" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-2.png" alt="" width="640" height="490" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-2.png?w=640&h=490 640w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-2.png?w=150&h=115 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-2.png?w=300&h=230 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-2.png?w=768&h=588 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-2.png?w=1024&h=784 1024w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-2.png 1041w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/></a><p id="caption-attachment-11703" class="wp-caption-text">Hurricane Paulette seen on 14 September 2020.<br/>Bermuda can be seen in the eye of the hurricane. Picture: RAMMB/CIRA.</p></div></p> <p>Meanwhile another tropical depression has formed in the Gulf of Mexico and is expected to become a hurricane over the next few days.</p> <p><div data-shortcode="caption" id="attachment_11705" style="width: 650px" class="wp-caption alignleft"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-3.png"><img loading="lazy" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-11705" data-attachment-id="11705" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/18/atlantic-tropical-storms-forming-at-a-record-pace/ts-blog-3-2/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-3.png" data-orig-size="1168,730" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ts blog 3" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-3.png?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-3.png?w=640" class="size-full wp-image-11705" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-3.png" alt="" width="640" height="400" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-3.png?w=640&h=400 640w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-3.png?w=150&h=94 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-3.png?w=300&h=188 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-3.png?w=768&h=480 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-3.png?w=1024&h=640 1024w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-3.png 1168w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/></a><p id="caption-attachment-11705" class="wp-caption-text">Atlantic tropical cyclones (ranging from tropical depression to hurricane)<br/>seen on 14 September 2020. Picture: RAMMB/CIRA.</p></div></p> <p><strong>Elsewhere in the Globe</strong></p> <p>So have other parts of the globe seen similar levels of activity? In short, the answer is ‘no’. Both the eastern and western Pacific have seen tropical cyclone activity well below average to this point in the season. By one measure, the western Pacific has had only 40% of usual activity. However, some parts of this basin have still been hit hard. Two tropical storms (Hagupit and Jangmi) and three typhoons (Bavi, Maysak and Haishen) have all impacted the Korean Peninsula.</p> <p>The North Indian Ocean has a split cyclone season and in the first half there were two cyclones. The strongest of these was Amphan which struck the India/Bangladesh border region and to date is the strongest tropical cyclone of the northern hemisphere season.</p> <p>The Mediterranean Sea occasionally sees storms which have some characteristics of tropical cyclones – sometimes referred to as ‘medicanes’. In 2018 a particularly strong one, known locally as Zorbas, hit southern Greece causing some impacts. A medicane named Ianos, came ashore over the Greek island of Kefalonia overnight 17<sup>th</sup> to 18<sup>th</sup> September causing coastal flooding, downing trees and damaging buildings.</p> <p><div data-shortcode="caption" id="attachment_11707" style="width: 650px" class="wp-caption alignleft"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-4.png"><img loading="lazy" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-11707" data-attachment-id="11707" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/18/atlantic-tropical-storms-forming-at-a-record-pace/ts-blog-4/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-4.png" data-orig-size="1060,560" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="ts blog 4" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-4.png?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-4.png?w=640" class="size-full wp-image-11707" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-4.png" alt="" width="640" height="338" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-4.png?w=640&h=338 640w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-4.png?w=150&h=79 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-4.png?w=300&h=158 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-4.png?w=768&h=406 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-4.png?w=1024&h=541 1024w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/ts-blog-4.png 1060w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/></a><p id="caption-attachment-11707" class="wp-caption-text">Mediterranean storm Ianos seen on 17 September 2020. Picture: Met Office/EUMETSAT.</p></div></p> <p><strong>Is climate change affecting tropical storm intensity and frequency?</strong></p> <p>The effects of climate change on tropical cyclone activity remains complex. It is not possible to conclusively state the extent to which climate change may have influenced the frequency or intensity of this year’s North Atlantic Hurricane season. More research is needed to understand the relationships and relative contributions of the various physical processes at play and the way in which climate change is influencing them.</p> <p>The Met Office’s latest summary of expected changes can be found <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/understanding-climate/global-extreme-events_tropical-storms">here</a> and is based largely on the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/wg1/">IPCC Fifth Assessment Report</a>.</p> <p><strong>Further Information</strong></p> <p>Follow our Twitter feed <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/http://twitter.com/metofficestorms">@metofficestorms</a> for regular information on tropical cyclones currently active worldwide.</p> <div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block 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55px;"><span class="button"><span>Like</span></span> <span class="loading">Loading...</span></div><span class="sd-text-color"></span><a class="sd-link-color"></a></div></div> </div> <div class="entry-utility"> <span class="cat-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/category/met-office-news/" rel="category tag">Met Office News</a> </span> <span class="meta-sep">|</span> <span class="tag-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-tag-links">Tagged</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/atlantic-hurricane-season/" rel="tag">Atlantic hurricane season</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/atlantic-storm-season/" rel="tag">Atlantic storm season</a>, <a 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/18/atlantic-tropical-storms-forming-at-a-record-pace/#respond">Leave a comment</a></span> </div> </div> <div id="post-11680" class="post-11680 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-met-office-news"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/01/a-dull-and-damp-august-brings-summer-to-a-close/" rel="bookmark">A dull and damp August brings Summer to a close</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="meta-prep meta-prep-author">Posted on</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/01/a-dull-and-damp-august-brings-summer-to-a-close/" title="4:13 pm" rel="bookmark"><span class="entry-date">1 September, 2020</span></a> <span class="by-author"><span class="sep">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/author/dbr1tt0n/" title="View all posts by Met Office Press Office" rel="author">Met Office Press Office</a></span> </span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>Despite several notable weather events, neither the month of August nor the summer as a whole for 2020 will be remembered for being particularly prominent from a climatological point of view.</p> <p>Although there was a major summer heatwave in the middle of the month of August for England and Wales, with temperatures reaching 36.4°C at Heathrow and Kew Gardens on 7<sup>th</sup>, more unsettled and cooler conditions at the start and end of the month balanced the month out. Much of the UK was above average for mean temperature in August, with East Anglia and the south east of England the highest over the long-term average. Suffolk, Kent and East Sussex were the counties with the highest mean temperatures compared to average (2.5°C above).</p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11695" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/01/a-dull-and-damp-august-brings-summer-to-a-close/monthly_meantemp_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_meantemp_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png" data-orig-size="547,770" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="monthly_meantemp_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_meantemp_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_meantemp_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=547" class=" wp-image-11695 aligncenter" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_meantemp_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png" alt="monthly_meantemp_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010" width="320" height="450" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_meantemp_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=320&h=450 320w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_meantemp_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=107&h=150 107w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_meantemp_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213&h=300 213w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_meantemp_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png 547w" sizes="(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px"/></p> <p>It was a wetter than average month for most except for the south east of England and north west Scotland, where Sutherland only recorded 30% of its average monthly rainfall (31.5mm). Some regions recorded more than twice normal August rainfall, Herefordshire recorded 226% of its average for the month and Midlothian 228%. The hot spell of weather triggered some torrential downpours that saw 30-60mm falling in just a few hours, making up considerable proportions of monthly totals in single rain events.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11694" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/01/a-dull-and-damp-august-brings-summer-to-a-close/monthly_rainfall_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_rainfall_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png" data-orig-size="547,770" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="monthly_rainfall_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_rainfall_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_rainfall_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=547" class=" wp-image-11694 aligncenter" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_rainfall_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png" alt="monthly_rainfall_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010" width="325" height="458" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_rainfall_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=325&h=458 325w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_rainfall_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=107&h=150 107w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_rainfall_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213&h=300 213w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_rainfall_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png 547w" sizes="(max-width: 325px) 100vw, 325px"/></p> <p>The only region to experience a sunnier than average August was north Scotland, with 119% of its average sunshine hours (139.7 hours). The UK as a whole only saw 88% of its average sunshine hours (142.6 hours).</p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11693" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/01/a-dull-and-damp-august-brings-summer-to-a-close/monthly_sunshine_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_sunshine_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png" data-orig-size="547,770" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="monthly_sunshine_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_sunshine_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_sunshine_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=547" class=" wp-image-11693 aligncenter" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_sunshine_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png" alt="monthly_sunshine_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010" width="333" height="469" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_sunshine_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=333&h=469 333w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_sunshine_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=107&h=150 107w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_sunshine_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213&h=300 213w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/monthly_sunshine_2020-08_anomaly_1981-2010.png 547w" sizes="(max-width: 333px) 100vw, 333px"/></p> <p>There were two named storms in August in quick succession that brought strong winds and heavy rain to parts of the UK. A turbulent spell of weather late in the month saw a strong jet stream bringing deep areas of low pressure towards the UK. Storms Ellen (19th to 21st) and Francis (25th) brought wind gusts of 46 to 58mph across inland areas and 58 to 70mph across exposed coastal locations. Wind speeds reached 79mph at Capel Curig, Conwy during storm Ellen and 81mph at Needles Old Battery (Isle of Wight) from storm Francis. These were two of the most notable August storms in the UK in the last 50 years but were not unprecedented.</p> <table width="495"> <tbody> <tr> <td width="85">Provisional August 2020 data</td> <td colspan="2" width="130">Mean temp (°C)</td> <td colspan="2" width="141">Sunshine (hours)</td> <td colspan="2" width="129">Rainfall (mm)</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85"></td> <td width="53">Actual</td> <td width="75"> Diff from avg (°C)</td> <td width="66">Actual</td> <td width="73">% of avg</td> <td width="62">Actual</td> <td width="65">% of avg</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">UK</td> <td width="53">15.9</td> <td width="75">1.0</td> <td width="66">142.6</td> <td width="73">88</td> <td width="62">120.0</td> <td width="65">135</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">England</td> <td width="53">17.4</td> <td width="75">1.3</td> <td width="66">157.6</td> <td width="73">86</td> <td width="62">109.4</td> <td width="65">158</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">Wales</td> <td width="53">16.1</td> <td width="75">1.1</td> <td width="66">125.0</td> <td width="73">74</td> <td width="62">175.5</td> <td width="65">163</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">Scotland</td> <td width="53">13.5</td> <td width="75">0.5</td> <td width="66">128.4</td> <td width="73">96</td> <td width="62">116.6</td> <td width="65">100</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">N Ireland</td> <td width="53">15.0</td> <td width="75">0.6</td> <td width="66">108.3</td> <td width="73">80</td> <td width="62">156.2</td> <td width="65">161</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p><strong>Summer</strong></p> <p>For the season as a whole, the UK has been warmer than average (by 0.38°C), with the focus of above average mean temperatures in the south east of the UK. Warmer conditions in June and August have been partly offset by a <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/08/03/a-cool-july-ends-with-notable-heat/">cooler than average July</a>. Suffolk had the highest mean temperature compared to average (+1.06°C).<span style="text-decoration:line-through;">,</span> County Fermanagh (-0.03°C), Kincardineshire (-0.22°C) and the City of Aberdeen (-0.13°C) were among only five UK counties to be below average for mean temperature through summer 2020.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11692" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/01/a-dull-and-damp-august-brings-summer-to-a-close/seasonal_meantemp_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_meantemp_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png" data-orig-size="547,770" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="seasonal_meantemp_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_meantemp_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_meantemp_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=547" class=" wp-image-11692 aligncenter" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_meantemp_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png" alt="seasonal_meantemp_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010" width="335" height="471" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_meantemp_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=335&h=471 335w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_meantemp_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=107&h=150 107w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_meantemp_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213&h=300 213w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_meantemp_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png 547w" sizes="(max-width: 335px) 100vw, 335px"/></p> <p>All three summer months have been wetter than average for the UK, although south east England and north west Scotland are the exceptions when looking at a more local level. Kent was the driest individual county compared to average, with 76% of the average summer rainfall (111.3mm). North west England, south west Scotland and Northern Ireland saw the wettest summer relative to average, with around 150% or more of average rainfall. This year joins a small cluster of years that have experienced a warm-wet summer, where more typically we might expect warm-dry or cool-wet.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11691" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/01/a-dull-and-damp-august-brings-summer-to-a-close/seasonal_rainfall_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_rainfall_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png" data-orig-size="547,770" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="seasonal_rainfall_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_rainfall_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_rainfall_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=547" class=" wp-image-11691 aligncenter" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_rainfall_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png" alt="seasonal_rainfall_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010" width="328" height="461" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_rainfall_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=328&h=461 328w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_rainfall_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=107&h=150 107w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_rainfall_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213&h=300 213w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_rainfall_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png 547w" sizes="(max-width: 328px) 100vw, 328px"/></p> <p>Sunshine has been below average in total duration, most notably so for Northern Ireland and Wales. The UK as a whole only had 89% (449.3 hours) of its average summer sunshine, with Northern Ireland only recording 73% (313.9 hours). Only a handful of counties in the south east of England and north Scotland recorded above average sunshine hours for summer 2020.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11690" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/01/a-dull-and-damp-august-brings-summer-to-a-close/seasonal_sunshine_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_sunshine_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png" data-orig-size="547,770" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="seasonal_sunshine_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_sunshine_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_sunshine_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=547" class=" wp-image-11690 aligncenter" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_sunshine_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png" alt="seasonal_sunshine_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010" width="335" height="471" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_sunshine_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=335&h=471 335w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_sunshine_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=107&h=150 107w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_sunshine_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213&h=300 213w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/09/seasonal_sunshine_2020-summer_anomaly_1981-2010.png 547w" sizes="(max-width: 335px) 100vw, 335px"/></p> <table width="495"> <tbody> <tr> <td width="85">Provisional Summer 2020 data</td> <td colspan="2" width="130">Mean temp (°C)</td> <td colspan="2" width="141">Sunshine (hours)</td> <td colspan="2" width="129">Rainfall (mm)</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85"></td> <td width="53">Actual</td> <td width="75"> Diff from avg (°C)</td> <td width="66">Actual</td> <td width="73">% of avg</td> <td width="62">Actual</td> <td width="65">% of avg</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">UK</td> <td width="53">14.75</td> <td width="75">0.38</td> <td width="66">449.3</td> <td width="73">89</td> <td width="62">321.0</td> <td width="65">134</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">England</td> <td width="53">16.02</td> <td width="75">0.53</td> <td width="66">508.0</td> <td width="73">91</td> <td width="62">262.9</td> <td width="65">136</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">Wales</td> <td width="53">14.79</td> <td width="75">0.34</td> <td width="66">421.6</td> <td width="73">81</td> <td width="62">427.6</td> <td width="65">150</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">Scotland</td> <td width="53">12.78</td> <td width="75">0.21</td> <td width="66">383.0</td> <td width="73">90</td> <td width="62">374.5</td> <td width="65">123</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">N Ireland</td> <td width="53">14.01</td> <td width="75">0.11</td> <td width="66">313.9</td> <td width="73">73</td> <td width="62">399.3</td> <td width="65">157</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <p> </p> <div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 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55px;"><span class="button"><span>Like</span></span> <span class="loading">Loading...</span></div><span class="sd-text-color"></span><a class="sd-link-color"></a></div></div> </div> <div class="entry-utility"> <span class="cat-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/category/met-office-news/" rel="category tag">Met Office News</a> </span> <span class="meta-sep">|</span> <span class="comments-link"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/09/01/a-dull-and-damp-august-brings-summer-to-a-close/#respond">Leave a comment</a></span> </div> </div> <div id="post-11674" class="post-11674 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-met-office-news"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/08/03/a-cool-july-ends-with-notable-heat/" rel="bookmark">A cool July ends with notable heat</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="meta-prep meta-prep-author">Posted on</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/08/03/a-cool-july-ends-with-notable-heat/" title="2:52 pm" rel="bookmark"><span class="entry-date">3 August, 2020</span></a> <span class="by-author"><span class="sep">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/author/dbr1tt0n/" title="View all posts by Met Office Press Office" rel="author">Met Office Press Office</a></span> </span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>July 2020 was looking to be a fairly unremarkable month in terms of climate statistics for the UK, until hot conditions closed the month on the 31<sup>st</sup>.</p> <p>Overall it was a cool month, with most days having temperatures below average. Successive low pressure systems brought cloud, rain and predominantly westerly winds across parts of the UK, keeping temperatures down. The UK as a whole was -0.8°C below the long-term (1981-2010) average for the month. As the anomaly map indicates, the south-east of the UK was the only region to get close to average temperatures for July.</p> <p>One outlier of the July statistics is the maximum temperatures recorded on Friday 31<sup>st</sup> July. Tim Legg from the Met Office’s National Climate Information Centre, said: “An area of low pressure in the Atlantic acted to draw warm air up from the continent, bringing a day of heat to much of the UK with a particular focus on the south-east. The top temperature recorded was 37.8°C at Heathrow, with Kew Gardens in London close behind with 37.3 °C. This made it the hottest day of the year so far by some margin, and it also measures as the third hottest day on record in the UK.”</p> <p>The only two hotter days than 31<sup>st</sup> July were 25<sup>th</sup> July 2019 when 38.7°C was recorded at <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/press-office/news/weather-and-climate/2019/new-official-highest-temperature-in-uk-confirmed">Cambridge Botanic Gardens</a> and 10<sup>th</sup> August 2003 when 38.5°C was recorded at Faversham in Kent.</p> <p>The heat was short-lived with a cold front moving in from the west making some places 10°C lower the following day. Only Wisley, in Surrey, and Holbeach, in Lincolnshire, reached <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/learn-about/weather/types-of-weather/temperature/heatwave">heatwave criteria</a>, with Thursday, Friday and Saturday just reaching the temperatures required under the definition.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11668" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/monthly_meantemp_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_meantemp_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png" data-orig-size="547,770" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="monthly_meantemp_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_meantemp_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_meantemp_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=547" class=" wp-image-11668 aligncenter" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_meantemp_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png" alt="monthly_meantemp_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010" width="385" height="542" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_meantemp_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=385&h=542 385w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_meantemp_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=107&h=150 107w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_meantemp_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213&h=300 213w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_meantemp_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png 547w" sizes="(max-width: 385px) 100vw, 385px"/></p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11671" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tmean/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/tmean.png" data-orig-size="3778,1554" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="tmean" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/tmean.png?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/tmean.png?w=640" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-11671" style="color:var(--color-text);font-size:1rem;" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/tmean.png" alt="tmean" width="3778" height="1554" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/tmean.png 3778w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/tmean.png?w=150&h=62 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/tmean.png?w=300&h=123 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/tmean.png?w=768&h=316 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/tmean.png?w=1024&h=421 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 3778px) 100vw, 3778px"/></p> <p>Rainfall was above average across parts of Wales, north-west England and Scotland through the month with some locations in south-west Scotland and north-west England recording more than double the average July rainfall. This is also linked to the successive low pressure systems through the month, a product of the jet stream following a more southerly track than usual for the time of year. In contrast the south coast of England has been somewhat drier than average. West Sussex was the driest county compared to average, with just 52% (27.5mm) of its average rainfall for the month.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11669" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/monthly_rainfall_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_rainfall_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png" data-orig-size="547,770" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="monthly_rainfall_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_rainfall_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_rainfall_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=547" class=" wp-image-11669 aligncenter" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_rainfall_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png" alt="monthly_rainfall_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010" width="371" height="522" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_rainfall_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=371&h=522 371w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_rainfall_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=107&h=150 107w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_rainfall_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213&h=300 213w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_rainfall_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png 547w" sizes="(max-width: 371px) 100vw, 371px"/></p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11672" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/rain/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/rain.png" data-orig-size="3869,1586" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="rain" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/rain.png?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/rain.png?w=640" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-11672" style="color:var(--color-text);font-size:1rem;" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/rain.png" alt="rain" width="3869" height="1586" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/rain.png 3869w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/rain.png?w=150&h=61 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/rain.png?w=300&h=123 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/rain.png?w=768&h=315 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/rain.png?w=1024&h=420 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 3869px) 100vw, 3869px"/></p> <p>Sunshine has been below average at 83% (142.4 hours) overall for the UK. The east of Scotland and south of England saw close to average sunshine. It was particularly dull for Northern Ireland with just 59% (83 hours) of the average sunshine hours. Further evidence of areas of low pressure influencing the UK, especially in the west. The exception has been Shetland which has seen above average sunshine for the month with 136% (172.1 hours) of the long-term average (1981-2010) sunshine.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11670" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/monthly_sunshine_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_sunshine_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png" data-orig-size="547,770" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="monthly_sunshine_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_sunshine_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_sunshine_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=547" class=" wp-image-11670 aligncenter" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_sunshine_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png" alt="monthly_sunshine_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010" width="361" height="508" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_sunshine_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=361&h=508 361w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_sunshine_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=107&h=150 107w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_sunshine_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png?w=213&h=300 213w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/monthly_sunshine_2020-07_anomaly_1981-2010.png 547w" sizes="(max-width: 361px) 100vw, 361px"/></p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11673" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/sun/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/sun.png" data-orig-size="3771,1586" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="sun" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/sun.png?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/sun.png?w=640" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-11673" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/sun.png" alt="sun" width="3771" height="1586" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/sun.png 3771w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/sun.png?w=150&h=63 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/sun.png?w=300&h=126 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/sun.png?w=768&h=323 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/08/sun.png?w=1024&h=431 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 3771px) 100vw, 3771px"/></p> <table width="495"> <tbody> <tr> <td width="85">Provisional July 2020 data</td> <td colspan="2" width="130">Mean temp (°C)</td> <td colspan="2" width="141">Sunshine (hours)</td> <td colspan="2" width="129">Rainfall (mm)</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85"></td> <td width="53">Actual</td> <td width="75"> Diff from avg (°C)</td> <td width="66">Actual</td> <td width="73">% of avg</td> <td width="62">Actual</td> <td width="65">% of avg</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">UK</td> <td width="53">14.3</td> <td width="75">-0.8</td> <td width="66">142.4</td> <td width="73">83</td> <td width="62">95.2</td> <td width="65">122</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">England</td> <td width="53">15.6</td> <td width="75">-0.6</td> <td width="66">163.9</td> <td width="73">85</td> <td width="62">65.1</td> <td width="65">104</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">Wales</td> <td width="53">14.2</td> <td width="75">-0.9</td> <td width="66">140.7</td> <td width="73">79</td> <td width="62">115.0</td> <td width="65">124</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">Scotland</td> <td width="53">12.2</td> <td width="75">-1.1</td> <td width="66">118.0</td> <td width="73">84</td> <td width="62">135.4</td> <td width="65">137</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="85">N Ireland</td> <td width="53">13.6</td> <td width="75">-1.0</td> <td width="66">83.0</td> <td width="73">59</td> <td width="62">118.8</td> <td width="65">147</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>You can keep up to date with the weather using our <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/forecast">forecast</a> pages and by following us on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://twitter.com/metoffice">Twitter</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/http://www.facebook.com/metoffice">Facebook</a>, as well as using our new <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/app">mobile app</a> which is available for iPhone from the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://itunes.apple.com/app/met-office-weather/id1068146838?ls=1&mt=8">App store</a> and for Android from the <a 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data-src="//web.archive.org/web/20201005120315oe_/https://widgets.wp.com/likes/index.html?ver=20200826#blog_id=14516441&post_id=11674&origin=metofficenews.wordpress.com&obj_id=14516441-11674-5f7b0b839589a&domain=blog.metoffice.gov.uk" data-name="like-post-frame-14516441-11674-5f7b0b839589a"><h3 class="sd-title">Like this:</h3><div class="likes-widget-placeholder post-likes-widget-placeholder" style="height: 55px;"><span class="button"><span>Like</span></span> <span class="loading">Loading...</span></div><span class="sd-text-color"></span><a class="sd-link-color"></a></div></div> </div> <div class="entry-utility"> <span class="cat-links"> <span class="entry-utility-prep entry-utility-prep-cat-links">Posted in</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/category/met-office-news/" rel="category tag">Met Office News</a> </span> <span class="meta-sep">|</span> <span class="comments-link"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/08/03/a-cool-july-ends-with-notable-heat/#respond">Leave a comment</a></span> </div> </div> <div id="post-11655" class="post-11655 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-met-office-news"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/14/helping-to-forecast-water-demand-during-covid-19/" rel="bookmark">Helping to forecast water demand during Covid-19</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="meta-prep meta-prep-author">Posted on</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/14/helping-to-forecast-water-demand-during-covid-19/" title="2:10 pm" rel="bookmark"><span class="entry-date">14 July, 2020</span></a> <span class="by-author"><span class="sep">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/author/dbr1tt0n/" title="View all posts by Met Office Press Office" rel="author">Met Office Press Office</a></span> </span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>Lockdown during the Covid-19 pandemic has brought many changes and challenges to life in the UK. Government guidance aimed to contain and reduce virus transmission has reshaped our day-to-day lives, from how much electricity we use, to the way we consume water.</p> <p>Over the last few months, teams at the Met Office have been working with water companies to help identify the changes and trends in water use brought about during lockdown.</p> <p><b>Before and after lockdown</b></p> <p>Our teams compared water use before lockdown (February to early March) and at the beginning of lockdown (late March to early April). As can be seen in Figure 1 below, most water companies have seen an increase in average water consumption during lockdown, with companies covering predominantly suburban areas (G and H) seeing the most noticeable increase, whereas companies operating in city areas see a reduction in water use (A). The data also showed differences between weekday and weekend water consumption largely disappeared.</p> <p><div data-shortcode="caption" id="attachment_11657" style="width: 695px" class="wp-caption alignnone"><img loading="lazy" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-11657" data-attachment-id="11657" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/14/helping-to-forecast-water-demand-during-covid-19/bg-graph-1/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/bg-graph-1.jpg" data-orig-size="685,316" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"Diamond, Bonnie","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1594214136","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="BG graph 1" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/bg-graph-1.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/bg-graph-1.jpg?w=640" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-11657" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/bg-graph-1.jpg" alt="BG graph 1" width="685" height="316" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/bg-graph-1.jpg 685w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/bg-graph-1.jpg?w=150&h=69 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/bg-graph-1.jpg?w=300&h=138 300w" sizes="(max-width: 685px) 100vw, 685px"/><p id="caption-attachment-11657" class="wp-caption-text">Figure 1) Percentage change in daily average base water consumption for ten water companies in early lockdown (late March-early April) compared to before lockdown (February-early March)</p></div></p> <p>Lockdown during March and May coincided with a prolonged spell of <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/press-office/news/weather-and-climate/2020/2020-spring-and-may-stats">sunny, warm and very dry weather</a>, which introduced a ‘fine spring weekend’ effect to every day. The data suggests water use during this period is more sensitive to weather compared to pre-lockdown, with weather the main driver of day-to-day variations. For example, an increase in temperature appears to cause a higher rise in water demand than it would pre-lockdown. Figure 2 below shows an inexorable rise in water use to around 30% above base usage by late May, similar to the peak levels seen during the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/press-office/news/weather-and-climate/2018/heatwave-continues-with-temperatures-into-the-mid-30s-celsius">hot summer of July 2018</a>.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11658" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/14/helping-to-forecast-water-demand-during-covid-19/bg-graph-2/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/bg-graph-2.jpg" data-orig-size="738,335" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"Diamond, Bonnie","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1594214195","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="BG graph 2" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/bg-graph-2.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/bg-graph-2.jpg?w=640" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-11658" style="background-color:initial;text-align:center;color:var(--color-text);font-size:1rem;" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/bg-graph-2.jpg" alt="BG graph 2" width="738" height="335" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/bg-graph-2.jpg 738w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/bg-graph-2.jpg?w=150&h=68 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/bg-graph-2.jpg?w=300&h=136 300w" sizes="(max-width: 738px) 100vw, 738px"/></p> <p><span class="TextRun SCXW107056843 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" xml:lang="EN-GB"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW107056843 BCX0">Figure 2) P</span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW107056843 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" xml:lang="EN-GB"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW107056843 BCX0">ercentage change in </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW107056843 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" xml:lang="EN-GB"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW107056843 BCX0">daily </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW107056843 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" xml:lang="EN-GB"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW107056843 BCX0">water consumption from average </span></span><span class="TextRun SCXW107056843 BCX0" lang="EN-GB" xml:lang="EN-GB"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW107056843 BCX0">during lockdown.</span></span><span class="EOP SCXW107056843 BCX0"> </span></p> <p> </p> <p><em>“Lots of us are spending more time at home and along with warm weather we’ve seen customers using water differently”</em>, said David Hinton, Chief Executive at South East Water. <em>“Increased demand for tap water in our area is more akin to patterns we see in an exceptionally hot summer. More water is being used on DIY projects and gardening which is contributing to the additional 25% of water we’re treating and pumping through our water distribution system.”</em></p> <p><b>Working together to help keep taps flowing</b></p> <p>Water demand models do not currently take into account these new water use patterns observed during lockdown. This has created new operational challenges for water companies, who despite having sufficient water supply in their reservoirs, are unable to treat and pump water fast enough to meet the unexpectedly high demand at peak times.</p> <p><em>“By working together with water companies and sharing experiences, we can more accurately analyse the effect of lockdown on water use”</em>, said Nick Law, Senior Account Manager at the Met Office. <em>“From this the Met Office has produced a ‘COVID’ sensitive model that our colleagues in the water companies involved in this research can use to adjust their demand planning and better anticipate water usage as this new way of life continues.”</em></p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11661" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/14/helping-to-forecast-water-demand-during-covid-19/handwashing/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/handwashing.jpg" data-orig-size="1920,1280" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="handwashing" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/handwashing.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/handwashing.jpg?w=640" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-11661" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/handwashing.jpg" alt="handwashing" width="1920" height="1280" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/handwashing.jpg 1920w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/handwashing.jpg?w=150&h=100 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/handwashing.jpg?w=300&h=200 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/handwashing.jpg?w=768&h=512 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/handwashing.jpg?w=1024&h=683 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px"/></p> <p><b>What can be done to better prepare for the future?</b></p> <p>This year’s summer months may bring particular challenges to water companies, as normal population movements during summer holidays are impacted by Covid-19 restrictions. Water companies that normally experience a noticeable drop in water use during holidays could experience an increase in water demand, due to a combination of lockdown and spells of warm summer weather.</p> <p>“<i>The challenge now is to understand how peak Summer demand levels can be forecast and managed, to ensure supplies can be maintained</i><i>” said Ian Savage, Strategic Control Manager at Thames Water.</i><i> </i></p> <p>Based on modelling during lockdown so far, the Met Office can perform scenario planning for an extended period of lockdown for different weather types in July and August. This will allow the water industry to better anticipate water demand during periods of lockdown restrictions and plan for different weather scenarios, as this new way of life continues.</p> <p><strong> Want to find out more? </strong></p> <p>If you’re interested in learning more about how we’re helping the water industry forecast and manage water demand, check out our recent article published in <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://utilityweek.co.uk/met-office-explores-unusual-water-trends-lockdown/">Utility Week.</a><strong> </strong></p> <p> </p> <div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-email"><a rel="nofollow noopener noreferrer" data-shared="" class="share-email sd-button share-icon" 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/06/innovative-space-weather-monitoring-projects-receive-ukri-funding/" rel="bookmark">Innovative space weather monitoring projects receive UKRI funding</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="meta-prep meta-prep-author">Posted on</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/06/innovative-space-weather-monitoring-projects-receive-ukri-funding/" title="11:56 am" rel="bookmark"><span class="entry-date">6 July, 2020</span></a> <span class="by-author"><span class="sep">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/author/dbr1tt0n/" title="View all posts by Met Office Press Office" rel="author">Met Office Press Office</a></span> </span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.ukri.org/">UK Research and Innovation</a> (UKRI) has announced funding for five projects focused on improving the UK’s capability to predict and mitigate the hazards of space weather. The projects will incorporate new research to further develop the space weather models used by the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/specialist-forecasts/space-weather">Met Office Space Weather Operations Centre</a>.</p> <p>The projects are part of the first phase of the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.ralspace.stfc.ac.uk/Pages/SWIMMR.aspx">Space Weather Instrumentation, Measurement, Modelling and Risk</a> (SWIMMR) programme, a £20 million, four-year programme led by the<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://stfc.ukri.org/"> Science and Technology Facilities Council</a> (STFC) with the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://nerc.ukri.org/">Natural Environment Research Council</a> (NERC). The aim is to improve the UK’s capabilities for space weather monitoring and prediction.</p> <p>There will be an emphasis on space radiation, which can affect aircraft systems, changes in the upper atmosphere, affecting communications, satellite orbits and surges in the current of power grids and other ground-level systems. These are significant risks to the infrastructures we rely on in daily life and are recorded in the UK’s National Risk Register.</p> <p>The five projects are together worth close to £9 million and funded by NERC, which is part of UKRI. Improving the accuracy of predicting when and where space weather events take place should allow the Met Office to issue warnings and advice sooner, allowing operators more time to take necessary action, such as manoeuvring satellites and isolating parts of the power network to ensure the least amount of disruption possible.</p> <p>Science Minister Amanda Solloway said; “Satellites are fundamental to our everyday lives, underpinning technologies we constantly rely on from mobile phones to GPS. Any disruptions caused by space weather can therefore have a profound impact on businesses and individuals.</p> <p>“These fantastic projects that we are backing today will enhance the UK’s ability to forecast space weather, enabling our excellent national weather service to defend the technologies we all depend on.”</p> <p><div data-shortcode="caption" id="attachment_11645" style="width: 650px" class="wp-caption alignleft"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/space-weather.jpg"><img loading="lazy" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-11645" data-attachment-id="11645" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/06/innovative-space-weather-monitoring-projects-receive-ukri-funding/space-weather/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/space-weather.jpg" data-orig-size="5613,3674" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"4","credit":"","camera":"Canon EOS 5D Mark III","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1541513079","copyright":"","focal_length":"91","iso":"1250","shutter_speed":"0.00625","title":"","orientation":"1"}" data-image-title="Space Weather" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/space-weather.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/space-weather.jpg?w=640" class="size-full wp-image-11645" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/space-weather.jpg" alt="" width="640" height="419" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/space-weather.jpg?w=640&h=419 640w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/space-weather.jpg?w=1280&h=838 1280w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/space-weather.jpg?w=150&h=98 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/space-weather.jpg?w=300&h=196 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/space-weather.jpg?w=768&h=503 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/space-weather.jpg?w=1024&h=670 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px"/></a><p id="caption-attachment-11645" class="wp-caption-text">Met Office Space Weather Operation Centre</p></div></p> <p>Simon Machin, Space Weather Programme Manager at the Met Office, said; “We are very excited by the prospect of working with the crème of UK science and academia on the SWIMMR projects. SWIMMR will deliver a step change in UK space weather monitoring, warning and prediction capability by supporting pull-through of cutting-edge science into operational services. This will enable the Met Office to provide a greater range of more accurate services driven by the needs of users and underpins the UK’s strategic aims to grow and exploit opportunities in the space domain.</p> <p>“SWIMMR communicates a clear vision of cementing the UK as a world leader in space weather and our thanks go out to all partners and stakeholders for supporting this programme of work.”</p> <p>Duncan Wingham, Executive Chair of the Natural Environment Research Council, said; “SWIMMR is great example of NERC working with the Science and Technology Facilities Council and other partners to support world-leading environmental research, and the funding will maximise the impact and uptake of an essential forecasting service relied upon by Government and businesses. These exciting projects will further our understanding and confirm the UK’s reputation as an international leader in this field.”</p> <p>The SWIMMR funding programme forms part of the Strategic Priorities Fund, delivered by the UKRI to drive an increase in high quality multi- and interdisciplinary research and innovation.</p> <p>The funded projects are:</p> <table> <tbody> <tr> <td><b>SWIMMR Theme</b></td> <td><b>Project Title</b></td> <td><b>Lead organisation</b></td> <td><b>Partners </b></td> </tr> <tr> <td>N1 Satellite risk forecasts</td> <td>Satellite Radiation Risk Forecasts (Sat-Risk)</td> <td>NERC British Antarctic Survey</p> <p> </td> <td>University of Sheffield</p> <p>University College London</p> <p>University of Reading</p> <p>Imperial College London</td> </tr> <tr> <td>N2 Aviation risk forecasts</td> <td>SWIMMR Aviation Risk Modelling (SWARM)</td> <td>University of Surrey</td> <td>NERC British Geological Survey</p> <p>University College London</p> <p>University of Central Lancashire</td> </tr> <tr> <td>N3 GNSS and HF aviation forecasts</td> <td>Space Weather Instrumentation, Measurement, Modelling and Risk: Ionosphere (SWIMMR-I)</td> <td>University of Birmingham</p> <p> </td> <td>University of Bath</p> <p>University of Leicester</p> <p>Lancaster University</p> <p>University of Leeds</td> </tr> <tr> <td>N4 Ground effects forecasts</td> <td>SWIMMR Activities in Ground Effects (SAGE)</td> <td>NERC British Geological Survey</p> <p> </td> <td>NERC British Antarctic Survey</p> <p>University College London</p> <p>Imperial College London</td> </tr> <tr> <td>N5 Satellite drag forecasts</td> <td>Space Weather Instrumentation, Measurement, Modelling and Risk: Thermosphere (SWIMMR-T)</td> <td>University of Birmingham</p> <p> </td> <td>University of Southampton</p> <p>NERC British Antarctic Survey</p> <p>Lancaster University</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p> </p> <div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy 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href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/met-office-space-weather-operation-centre/" rel="tag">Met Office Space Weather Operation Centre</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/natural-environment-research-council/" rel="tag">Natural Environment Research Council</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/nerc/" rel="tag">NERC</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/space-weather-instrumentation-measurement-modelling-and-risk/" rel="tag">Space Weather Instrumentation Measurement Modelling and Risk</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/stfc/" rel="tag">STFC</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/uk-research-and-innovation/" rel="tag">UK Research and Innovation</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/uk-space-agency/" rel="tag">UK Space Agency</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/ukri/" rel="tag">UKRI</a> </span> </div> </div> <div id="post-11627" class="post-11627 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-met-office-news tag-eumetsat tag-met-office tag-satellite tag-satellite-observations tag-uk-science-leadership"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/02/eumetsat-selects-phil-evans-as-its-new-director-general/" rel="bookmark">EUMETSAT selects Phil Evans as its new Director General</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="meta-prep meta-prep-author">Posted on</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/02/eumetsat-selects-phil-evans-as-its-new-director-general/" title="9:01 am" rel="bookmark"><span class="entry-date">2 July, 2020</span></a> <span class="by-author"><span class="sep">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/author/dbr1tt0n/" title="View all posts by Met Office Press Office" rel="author">Met Office Press Office</a></span> </span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>We are very pleased to share the news that former Met Office Operations Director, Phil Evans, has been appointed as the new Director General of EUMETSAT.</p> <p>EUMETSAT (European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites) is an intergovernmental organisation dedicated to the provision of satellite observations in support of weather, climate and ocean science. Established in 1986, and with 30 European Member States, EUMETSAT satellites provides critical data for Met Office services.</p> <p>The role of Director General is an important international leadership responsibility, and a great result for Phil, for the Met Office, and for the UK. Phil spent most of his career to date working at the Met Office, most recently as Chief Operations Officer until earlier this year. In that role, he served as the Head of Delegation for EUMETSAT Council. He is moving from his current role as Director of Programmes at Institute of Physics.</p> <p>Penny Endersby, Met Office Chief Executive said “I am delighted to see Phil’s talents and knowledge being used to head up a European organisation which is so key to the success of international weather and climate prediction, and at a time when there is an exciting programme of satellite launches due.”</p> <p>Met Office is a sophisticated user of satellite data in our weather forecasting:</p> <ul> <li>Satellite data are responsible for ~75% of the observations we feed into our global weather models.</li> <li>In addition, satellite imagery products and movie loops allow forecasters to track the development and progress of weather systems, so that they can add value to the forecast.</li> <li>Satellite observations can also be compared to past forecasts to verify their accuracy and help us improve our models and accuracy.</li> </ul> <p>The stability and longevity of weather satellite observations mean they are a key contributor to climate monitoring.</p> <p>The Met Office has a long history at the forefront of exploiting the value from our satellites for benefit to the UK. Our membership of EUMETSAT is essential to safeguarding this vital source of data while sharing the cost among the 30 Member States. EUMETSAT funds the Met Office to lead the Satellite Application Facility on behalf of the EUMETSAT membership.</p> <p>Find out more on our <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/weather/satellite-applications">website</a></p> <p>Phil will succeed the current Director General, Alain Ratier, who has led EUMETSAT since 2011. We look forward to working with him as EUMETSAT enters an exciting phase of new programme implementation. Amongst other priorities, EUMETSAT is about to enter an intense phase of launches, with 5 new generation satellite launches from 2020-2024. The first of these will be Jason-CS/Sentinel-6 in November 2020.</p> <p>Phil will take up the role in early 2021.</p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11629" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/02/eumetsat-selects-phil-evans-as-its-new-director-general/philevans/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/philevans.jpg" data-orig-size="711,711" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"1593184563","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="philEvans" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/philevans.jpg?w=300" 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rel="tag">satellite</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/satellite-observations/" rel="tag">satellite observations</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/uk-science-leadership/" rel="tag">UK science leadership</a> </span> </div> </div> <div id="post-11613" class="post-11613 post type-post status-publish format-standard hentry category-met-office-news tag-forecast tag-heavy-rain tag-june-statistics tag-met-office tag-rainfall tag-record tag-statistics"> <h2 class="entry-title"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/01/end-of-june-statistics/" rel="bookmark">End of June statistics</a></h2> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="meta-prep meta-prep-author">Posted on</span> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/01/end-of-june-statistics/" title="4:08 pm" rel="bookmark"><span class="entry-date">1 July, 2020</span></a> <span class="by-author"><span class="sep">by</span> <span class="author vcard"><a class="url fn n" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/author/dbr1tt0n/" title="View all posts by Met Office Press Office" rel="author">Met Office Press Office</a></span> </span> </div> <div class="entry-content"> <p>While June 2020 overall was not a record-breaking month, it has been notable for many, with some heavy rainfall at times. And, despite cooler days in the inclement weather, there was a notable heatwave and there have been some warmer than average nights.</p> <p>Early in June there was a gradual breakdown of the high-pressure system which was responsible for bringing us the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/press-office/news/weather-and-climate/2020/2020-spring-and-may-stats">sunniest spring and the driest May</a> since records began.</p> <p>The breakdown allowed a return to Atlantic weather systems, bringing unsettled weather across the UK. Low pressure prevailed for much of the month, with spells of heavy rain and showers for many, triggering Met Office rain and thunderstorm warnings at times. However a spell of hot weather saw temperatures reach 33.4 at Heathrow on 25th.</p> <p><strong>Rainfall</strong></p> <p>The June rainfall was above average across most of the UK with especially large accumulations in the South West and South Wales.</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <td width="122"></td> <td colspan="2" width="265"><strong>Rainfall</strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="122">Provisional June</p> <p>figures</td> <td width="104"><strong>Actual rainfall</strong></td> <td width="161"><strong>% of the June average </strong></td> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td width="122">UK</td> <td width="104">105.7 mm</td> <td width="161">144.0</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="122">England</td> <td width="104">88.4 mm</td> <td width="161">143.0</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="122">Wales</td> <td width="104">137.0 mm</td> <td width="161">160.0</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="122">Scotland</td> <td width="104">122.5 mm</td> <td width="161">139.0</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="122">Northern Ireland</td> <td width="104">124.3 mm</td> <td width="161">163.0</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Based on the 1981 to 2010 long-term average</p> <p>Cornwall recorded 143.3mm, over twice the county’s average monthly rainfall – making it the fifth wettest June on record for the county, South Glamorgan recorded 144.8mm – again around twice the expected monthly rainfall – making it the 7<sup>th</sup> wettest on record, while Devon has seen its 8<sup>th</sup> wettest June with 142.1mm recorded, also around twice the expected monthly rainfall (data back to 1862).</p> <p>Although Cumbria as a whole recorded 151mm of rainfall, its 13<sup>th</sup> wettest June on record, Honister Pass Environment Agency rain gauge recorded 212.8mm of rainfall on 28<sup>th</sup> June (24-hour total) breaking the wettest June day on record*. It was also the wettest day of 2020 so far. Sutton Bonington (Notts) also had their wettest June day in nearly 100 years, with 46.2mm falling on the 17th.</p> <p><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/june-rainfall-2020.png"><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11620" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/01/end-of-june-statistics/june-rainfall-2020/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/june-rainfall-2020.png" data-orig-size="547,770" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="June rainfall 2020" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/june-rainfall-2020.png?w=213" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/june-rainfall-2020.png?w=547" class="alignleft size-full wp-image-11620" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/june-rainfall-2020.png" alt="" width="547" height="770" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/june-rainfall-2020.png 547w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/june-rainfall-2020.png?w=107&h=150 107w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/june-rainfall-2020.png?w=213&h=300 213w" sizes="(max-width: 547px) 100vw, 547px"/></a></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11635" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/01/end-of-june-statistics/ukclimatesummaryjune_2/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_2.jpg" data-orig-size="1920,1081" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="UkClimateSummaryJune_2" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_2.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_2.jpg?w=640" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-11635" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_2.jpg" alt="UkClimateSummaryJune_2" width="1920" height="1081" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_2.jpg 1920w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_2.jpg?w=150&h=84 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_2.jpg?w=300&h=169 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_2.jpg?w=768&h=432 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_2.jpg?w=1024&h=577 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px"/></p> <p><strong>Temperature</strong></p> <p>Daytime maximum and mean temperatures have been above average for June for much of the UK, but not record breaking. <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/learn-about/weather/types-of-weather/temperature/heatwave">Heatwave</a> conditions were briefly reached in parts of the country in the week of the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/press-office/news/weather-and-climate/2017/hot-weather-comes-to-a-close">19th June </a>, while there were also some warm nights with Gosport, Hampshire and Hastings, East Sussex, not seeing temperatures drop below 20.0°C on the night of 25<sup>th</sup> June making it a ‘tropical night’. This term describes days when the temperature does not fall under 20.0° C during the night-time. The Met Office began tracking <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/about-us/press-office/news/corporate/2018/climate-extremes-report-supplement">‘tropical nights</a>‘ in 2018. This criterion is infrequently met and usually quite localised.</p> <table> <thead> <tr> <td width="103"></td> <td colspan="2" width="144"><strong>Maximum temperature<br/> </strong></td> <td colspan="2" width="149"><strong>Minimum temperature<br/> </strong></td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103">Provisional June figures</td> <td width="66"><strong>Actual °C</strong></td> <td width="78"><strong>Difference from June average °C</strong></td> <td width="64"><strong>Actual °C</strong></td> <td width="85"><strong>Difference from June average °C</strong></td> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td width="103">UK</td> <td width="66">18.3</td> <td width="78">1.0</td> <td width="64">9.8</td> <td width="85">1.0</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103">England</td> <td width="66">19.5</td> <td width="78">0.9</td> <td width="64">10.4</td> <td width="85">0.9</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103">Wales</td> <td width="66">18.1</td> <td width="78">0.8</td> <td width="64">10.1</td> <td width="85">1.0</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103">Scotland</td> <td width="66">16.4</td> <td width="78">1.2</td> <td width="64">8.8</td> <td width="85">1.3</td> </tr> <tr> <td width="103">Northern Ireland</td> <td width="66">17.4</td> <td width="78">0.6</td> <td width="64">9.6</td> <td width="85">0.8</td> </tr> </tbody> </table> <p>Based on the 1981 to 2010 long-term average</p> <p style="margin:12pt 0;">You can get the most accurate and up to date forecast for your area using our forecast pages and by following us on <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://twitter.com/metoffice" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Twitter</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/http://www.facebook.com/metoffice" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Facebook</a>, as well as using our <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/app" target="_blank" rel="noopener">mobile app</a> which is available for iPhone from the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://itunes.apple.com/app/met-office-weather/id1068146838?ls=1&mt=8" target="_blank" rel="noopener">App store</a> and for Android from the <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=uk.gov.metoffice.weather.android&hl=en" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Google Play store</a>. You can check the latest weather warnings on our <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/warnings-and-advice/uk-warnings#?date=2020-02-22&id=54e41dc4-192a-45b5-b553-0c5daa14de3f&details">severe weather warnings</a> pages.</p> <div class="col-xs-12 col-sm-6 col-md-7 col-lg-8"> <div class="article-body"> <p>For the latest guidance to follow during the COVID-19 pandemic please visit the UK Government’s <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.gov.uk/coronavirus">coronavirus advice</a> page. Those living in <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.gov.scot/coronavirus-covid-19/">Scotland</a>, <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://gov.wales/coronavirus">Wales</a> and <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/campaigns/coronavirus-covid-19">Northern Ireland</a> can access country-specific advice.</p> </div> </div> <div class="draggable-advert mpu"></div> <div></div> <div> <p><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11634" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/01/end-of-june-statistics/ukclimatesummaryjune_1/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_1.jpg" data-orig-size="1920,1081" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="UkClimateSummaryJune_1" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_1.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_1.jpg?w=640" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-11634" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_1.jpg" alt="UkClimateSummaryJune_1" width="1920" height="1081" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_1.jpg 1920w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_1.jpg?w=150&h=84 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_1.jpg?w=300&h=169 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_1.jpg?w=768&h=432 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_1.jpg?w=1024&h=577 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px"/><img loading="lazy" data-attachment-id="11636" data-permalink="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/2020/07/01/end-of-june-statistics/ukclimatesummaryjune_3/" data-orig-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_3.jpg" data-orig-size="1920,1081" data-comments-opened="1" data-image-meta="{"aperture":"0","credit":"","camera":"","caption":"","created_timestamp":"0","copyright":"","focal_length":"0","iso":"0","shutter_speed":"0","title":"","orientation":"0"}" data-image-title="UkClimateSummaryJune_3" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_3.jpg?w=300" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_3.jpg?w=640" class="alignnone size-full wp-image-11636" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_3.jpg" alt="UkClimateSummaryJune_3" width="1920" height="1081" srcset="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_3.jpg 1920w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_3.jpg?w=150&h=84 150w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_3.jpg?w=300&h=169 300w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_3.jpg?w=768&h=432 768w, https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315im_/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2020/07/ukclimatesummaryjune_3.jpg?w=1024&h=577 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px"/></p> <p>*based on digitised data held in the official Met Office climate archive</p> </div> <div id="jp-post-flair" class="sharedaddy sd-like-enabled sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="sharedaddy sd-sharing-enabled"><div class="robots-nocontent sd-block sd-social sd-social-icon-text sd-sharing"><h3 class="sd-title">Share this:</h3><div class="sd-content"><ul><li class="share-email"><a 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data-image-title="social_brand_logo-sml2" data-image-description="" data-medium-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/social_brand_logo-sml2.jpg?w=180" data-large-file="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://metofficenews.files.wordpress.com/2012/05/social_brand_logo-sml2.jpg?w=180"/></a></li><li id="categories-3" class="widget-container widget_categories"><h3 class="widget-title">Categories</h3> <ul> <li class="cat-item cat-item-38532101"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/category/met-office-diary/">Met Office Diary</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-38372647"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/category/met-office-images/">Met Office Images</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-38532086"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/category/met-office-in-the-media/">Met Office 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Thank you for sharing, enjoy the sunshine! Here is the latest forecast for Twic… <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://twitter.com/i/web/status/1313083246478077953"> twitter.com/i/web/status/1…</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/http://twitter.com/metoffice/statuses/1313083246478077953" class="timesince">16 minutes ago</a> </li> <li> Here are the details on this week's unsettled weather 👇 <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://t.co/J4MzLizn9r" rel="nofollow">https://t.co/J4MzLizn9r</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/http://twitter.com/metoffice/statuses/1313079488339677189" class="timesince">31 minutes ago</a> </li> <li> @<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/http://twitter.com/simon_weather">simon_weather</a> Morning Simon, very Autumnal! Thank you for sharing. We have 8 interesting facts about Autumn on our… <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://twitter.com/i/web/status/1313070545408323586"> twitter.com/i/web/status/1…</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/http://twitter.com/metoffice/statuses/1313070545408323586" class="timesince">1 hour ago</a> </li> <li> @<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/http://twitter.com/chris_alpacas">chris_alpacas</a> Good morning Christine. Thank you for sharing these photos. 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<li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/iphone/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-106595 tag-link-position-26" style="font-size: 8.5730994152047pt;" aria-label="iPhone (14 items)">iPhone</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/japan/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-2062 tag-link-position-27" style="font-size: 8.7368421052632pt;" aria-label="Japan (15 items)">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/japan-meteorological-agency/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-16353993 tag-link-position-28" style="font-size: 8.9824561403509pt;" aria-label="Japan Meteorological Agency (16 items)">Japan Meteorological Agency</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/jet-stream/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1718394 tag-link-position-29" style="font-size: 11.847953216374pt;" aria-label="Jet stream (37 items)">Jet stream</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/july/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-111508 tag-link-position-30" style="font-size: 8.7368421052632pt;" aria-label="july (15 items)">july</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/june/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-111507 tag-link-position-31" style="font-size: 8.9824561403509pt;" aria-label="june (16 items)">june</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/lightning/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-21394 tag-link-position-32" style="font-size: 8.7368421052632pt;" aria-label="Lightning (15 items)">Lightning</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/london/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1618 tag-link-position-33" style="font-size: 10.046783625731pt;" aria-label="London (22 items)">London</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/met-office/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-971446 tag-link-position-34" style="font-size: 22pt;" aria-label="Met Office (655 items)">Met Office</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/metoffice/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1309024 tag-link-position-35" style="font-size: 8.5730994152047pt;" aria-label="MetOffice (14 items)">MetOffice</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/met-office-hadley-centre/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-6655007 tag-link-position-36" style="font-size: 13.649122807018pt;" aria-label="Met Office Hadley Centre (62 items)">Met Office Hadley Centre</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/nasa/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1836 tag-link-position-37" style="font-size: 8.7368421052632pt;" aria-label="NASA (15 items)">NASA</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/national-hurricane-center/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-783291 tag-link-position-38" style="font-size: 9.2280701754386pt;" aria-label="National Hurricane Center (17 items)">National Hurricane Center</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/national-severe-weather-warning-service/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-54208316 tag-link-position-39" style="font-size: 13.076023391813pt;" aria-label="National Severe Weather Warning Service (53 items)">National Severe Weather Warning Service</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/noaa/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-99074 tag-link-position-40" style="font-size: 8.7368421052632pt;" aria-label="NOAA (15 items)">NOAA</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/northern-ireland/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-5035 tag-link-position-41" style="font-size: 9.719298245614pt;" aria-label="Northern Ireland (20 items)">Northern Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/philippines/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4255 tag-link-position-42" style="font-size: 8.9824561403509pt;" aria-label="Philippines (16 items)">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/pollen/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-91446 tag-link-position-43" style="font-size: 8.7368421052632pt;" aria-label="Pollen (15 items)">Pollen</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/rain/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-12361 tag-link-position-44" style="font-size: 17.005847953216pt;" aria-label="rain (160 items)">rain</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/rainfall/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-541105 tag-link-position-45" style="font-size: 15.941520467836pt;" aria-label="rainfall (120 items)">rainfall</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/record/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-14191 tag-link-position-46" style="font-size: 12.584795321637pt;" aria-label="record (46 items)">record</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/scotland/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-12260 tag-link-position-47" style="font-size: 13.157894736842pt;" aria-label="Scotland (54 items)">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/severe-weather/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-127626 tag-link-position-48" style="font-size: 15.286549707602pt;" aria-label="severe weather (98 items)">severe weather</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/snow/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-20341 tag-link-position-49" style="font-size: 16.269005847953pt;" aria-label="snow (131 items)">snow</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/space-weather/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1199193 tag-link-position-50" style="font-size: 9.3918128654971pt;" aria-label="space weather (18 items)">space weather</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/spring/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-9486 tag-link-position-51" style="font-size: 11.111111111111pt;" aria-label="spring (30 items)">spring</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/statistics/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-5849 tag-link-position-52" style="font-size: 12.994152046784pt;" aria-label="statistics (51 items)">statistics</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/storm/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-176746 tag-link-position-53" style="font-size: 13.730994152047pt;" aria-label="Storm (63 items)">Storm</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/storms/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-21395 tag-link-position-54" style="font-size: 13.157894736842pt;" aria-label="storms (54 items)">storms</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/strong-winds/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1281191 tag-link-position-55" style="font-size: 8.7368421052632pt;" aria-label="strong winds (15 items)">strong winds</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/summer/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-22302 tag-link-position-56" style="font-size: 13.157894736842pt;" aria-label="summer (54 items)">summer</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/sun/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-429 tag-link-position-57" style="font-size: 10.374269005848pt;" aria-label="Sun (24 items)">Sun</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/sunshine/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-211846 tag-link-position-58" style="font-size: 12.666666666667pt;" aria-label="sunshine (47 items)">sunshine</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/temperature/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-245764 tag-link-position-59" style="font-size: 15.614035087719pt;" aria-label="temperature (108 items)">temperature</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/thunder/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-278513 tag-link-position-60" style="font-size: 8.327485380117pt;" aria-label="thunder (13 items)">thunder</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/thunderstorms/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-23347 tag-link-position-61" style="font-size: 8.7368421052632pt;" aria-label="thunderstorms (15 items)">thunderstorms</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/tropical-cyclone/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-424824 tag-link-position-62" style="font-size: 13.239766081871pt;" aria-label="tropical cyclone (55 items)">tropical cyclone</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/tropical-storm/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-157109 tag-link-position-63" style="font-size: 13.40350877193pt;" aria-label="tropical storm (58 items)">tropical storm</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/twitter/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-599182 tag-link-position-64" style="font-size: 8.5730994152047pt;" aria-label="Twitter (14 items)">Twitter</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/typhoon/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-271967 tag-link-position-65" style="font-size: 11.356725146199pt;" aria-label="Typhoon (32 items)">Typhoon</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/uk/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-8199 tag-link-position-66" style="font-size: 15.695906432749pt;" aria-label="UK (112 items)">UK</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/wales/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-12690 tag-link-position-67" style="font-size: 8.7368421052632pt;" aria-label="Wales (15 items)">Wales</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/warm/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-77096 tag-link-position-68" style="font-size: 8.7368421052632pt;" aria-label="warm (15 items)">warm</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/weather/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-4494 tag-link-position-69" style="font-size: 20.116959064327pt;" aria-label="weather (390 items)">weather</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/weather-forecast/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-108683 tag-link-position-70" style="font-size: 14.140350877193pt;" aria-label="weather forecast (71 items)">weather forecast</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/weather-forecasting/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1011905 tag-link-position-71" style="font-size: 15.204678362573pt;" aria-label="weather forecasting (96 items)">weather forecasting</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/wet/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-148425 tag-link-position-72" style="font-size: 13.567251461988pt;" aria-label="wet (60 items)">wet</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/wind/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-42316 tag-link-position-73" style="font-size: 15.368421052632pt;" aria-label="wind (102 items)">wind</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/winter/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-9484 tag-link-position-74" style="font-size: 13.321637426901pt;" aria-label="Winter (57 items)">Winter</a></li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201005120315/https://blog.metoffice.gov.uk/tag/world-meteorological-organization/" class="tag-cloud-link tag-link-1565104 tag-link-position-75" style="font-size: 8pt;" aria-label="World Meteorological Organization (12 items)">World Meteorological Organization</a></li> </ul> </div></li><li id="top-posts-2" class="widget-container widget_top-posts"><h3 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