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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>The Political Graveyard: Politicians in Mining in Minnesota</title> <meta name="description" content="A database of political history and cemeteries, with brief biographical entries for 320,919 U.S. political figures, living and dead, from the 1700s to the present."> <meta name="keywords" content="political biography history genealogy cemeteries politics candidates congress senators legislators governors politicians biographies ancestors mayors birthplace geography elections"> <meta name="author" content="Lawrence Kestenbaum"> <script type="text/javascript"> var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-7383562-1']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function() { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'https://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); </script> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFDD" text="#000000" link="#cc0000" alink="#ff0000" vlink="#760000"> <style type="text/css"> p {font-family:georgia,garamond,serif} td {font-family:georgia,garamond,serif} A:link {text-decoration: none} A:visited {text-decoration: none} A:active {text-decoration: none} A:hover {text-decoration: underline} </style> <p align=center style="font-size:28pt; font-family:garamond,serif"> <span style="font-variant: small-caps;">PoliticalGraveyard.com</span><br> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/index.html" border=0> <img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/images/tpgmain6.gif" width=450 height=216 border=0 alt="The Political Graveyard: A Database of American History"></a><br> Politicians in Mining in Minnesota</p> <table width=100%> <td align="center" valign="center"> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></table> <table width=100%><tr><td valign="top"> <table align="left" cellpadding=5> <tr><td width=82 align="right" valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> <b>Joseph Richard Begich (1930-2019)</b> — also known as <b>Joseph R. Begich</b>; <b>Joe Begich</b> — of Eveleth, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/SL-lived.html">St. Louis County</a>, Minn. Born in Eveleth, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/SL-born.html">St. Louis County</a>, Minn., <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1930/01-17.html">January 17, 1930</a>. Democrat. Served in the U.S. Army during the Korean conflict; <b>mining foreman</b>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/occ/farmer.html">farmer</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/ofc/eveleth.html">mayor of Eveleth, Minn.</a>, 1965-74; member of <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/ofc/sthse.html">Minnesota state house of representatives</a>, 1975-92 (District 6-A 1975-82, District 6-B 1983-92). <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/balkan.html">Croatian</a> ancestry. Died, in a <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/nursing-homes.html">nursing home</a> at Eveleth, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/SL-died.html">St. Louis County</a>, Minn., <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/2019/08-10.html">August 10, 2019</a> (age <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/age/89.html">89 years, 205 days</a>). Interment at <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/SL-buried.html# ">Eveleth Cemetery</a>, Eveleth, Minn. <table width=100% align="left"><tr><td width=20> </td> <td width=26 valign="top"><img src="hand.gif" width=26 height=17></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"><i>Relatives:</i> Son of John Begich and Anna (Martinich) Begich; brother of <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/beetle-belch.html#088.48.58">Nicholas Joseph Begich</a>; married, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1951/12-29.html">December 29, 1951</a>, to Carolyn Joan Bastianelli; uncle of <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/beetle-belch.html#870.26.99">Nicholas J. Begich Jr.</a>, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/beetle-belch.html#253.68.88">Thomas Scott Begich</a> and <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/beetle-belch.html#303.80.43">Mark Peter Begich</a>.</span></td></tr> <tr><td width=20> </td> <td width=26 valign="top"><img src="hand.gif" width=26 height=17></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <i>Political family:</i> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/families/15669.html">Begich family</a> of Anchorage, Alaska.</span></td></tr> <tr><td width=20> </td> <td width=26 valign="top"><img src="hand.gif" width=26 height=17></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"><i>See also</i> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph Begich">Wikipedia article</a> — <a href="https://findagrave.com/memorial/202118330">Find-A-Grave memorial</a> — <a href="https://www.leg.state.mn.us/legdb/fulldetail?ID=10037">Minnesota Legislator record</a></span></td></tr> </table> </td></tr> <tr><td width=82 align="right" valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> <b>George Girrbach (1890-1948)</b> — of Sault Ste. Marie, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/CP-lived.html">Chippewa County</a>, Mich. Born in Minneapolis, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/HE-born.html">Hennepin County</a>, Minn., <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1890/03-30.html">March 30, 1890</a>. Republican. <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/occ/teacher.html">School teacher</a>; general manager and vice-president, Soo <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/occ/dairy.html">Creamery</a>; secretary, Rudyard <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/occ/lumber.html">Woodworking</a> Corp.; vice-president, Centralgoma <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/occ/metal.html">Iron</a> <b>Mines</b>, Ltd.; member of <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/ofc/stsen.html">Michigan state senate</a> 30th District, 1945-48; died in office 1948; candidate for <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/ofc/usrep.html">U.S. Representative from Michigan</a> 11th District, 1947. Member, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/grange.html">Grange</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/rotary.html">Rotary</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/elks.html">Elks</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/masons.html">Freemasons</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/knights-templar.html">Knights Templar</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/shriners.html">Shriners</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/am-legion.html">American Legion</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/40-8.html">Forty and Eight</a>. Suffered a head injury in an <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/automobile.html">automobile collision</a>, and died the next day, in Hurley <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/misc-hospitals.html">Hospital</a>, Flint, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/GE-died.html">Genesee County</a>, Mich., <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1948/05-24.html">May 24, 1948</a> (age <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/age/58.html">58 years, 55 days</a>). Interment at <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/HE-buried.html#cms02663">Crystal Lake Cemetery</a>, Minneapolis, Minn. <table width=100% align="left"><tr><td width=20> </td> <td width=26 valign="top"><img src="hand.gif" width=26 height=17></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"><i>Relatives:</i> Married, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1917/09-15.html">September 15, 1917</a>, to Ethel Mae McEachern.</span></td></tr> <tr><td width=20> </td> <td width=26 valign="top"><img src="hand.gif" width=26 height=17></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"><i>See also</i> <a href="https://findagrave.com/memorial/167581175">Find-A-Grave memorial</a></span></td></tr> </table> </td></tr> <tr><td width=82 align="right" valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> <b>Harry LeRoy Heer (1873-1962)</b> — also known as <b>Harry L. Heer</b> — of Galena, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/IL/JD-lived.html">Jo Daviess County</a>, Ill. Born in Galena, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/IL/JD-born.html">Jo Daviess County</a>, Ill., <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1873/01-22.html">January 22, 1873</a>. <b>Mining</b> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/occ/engineer.html">engineer</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/occ/lawyer.html">lawyer</a>; circuit judge in Illinois 15th Circuit, 1925. <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/german.html">German</a> and <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/welsh.html">Welsh</a> ancestry. Died in <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/HE-died.html">Hennepin County</a>, Minn., <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1962/11-12.html">November 12, 1962</a> (age <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/age/89.html">89 years, 294 days</a>). Interment at <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/IL/JD-buried.html#cms00141">Greenwood Cemetery</a>, Galena, Ill. <table width=100% align="left"><tr><td width=20> </td> <td width=26 valign="top"><img src="hand.gif" width=26 height=17></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"><i>Relatives:</i> Son of David H. Heer and Martha (Evans) Heer; married, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1914/04-21.html">April 21, 1914</a>, to Myrtle L. Renwick.</span></td></tr> </table> </td></tr> <tr><td width=82 align="right" valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> <b>Frank Eugene Hook (1893-1982)</b> — also known as <b>Frank E. Hook</b>; <b>"Fightin' Frank"</b> — of Ironwood, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/GO-lived.html">Gogebic County</a>, Mich.; Edina, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/HE-lived.html">Hennepin County</a>, Minn. Born in L'Anse, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/BG-born.html">Baraga County</a>, Mich., <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1893/05-26.html">May 26, 1893</a>. Democrat. Served in the U.S. Army during World War I; <b>miner</b>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/occ/lawyer.html">lawyer</a>; municipal judge in Michigan, 1924-25; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/ofc/usrep.html">U.S. Representative from Michigan</a> 12th District, 1935-43, 1945-47; defeated, 1942 (12th District), 1946 (12th District), 1954 (12th District), 1956 (12th District), 1958 (12th District), 1966 (11th District); delegate to Democratic National Convention from Michigan, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/parties/D/1936/MI.html">1936</a>, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/parties/D/1940/MI.html">1940</a>, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/parties/D/1944/MI.html">1944</a> (alternate), <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/parties/D/1948/MI.html">1948</a>; candidate for <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/ofc/ussen.html">U.S. Senator from Michigan</a>, 1948; candidate for Presidential Elector for Michigan; candidate in primary for <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/ofc/cirjd.html">circuit judge in Michigan</a> 32nd Circuit, 1957; president of <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/occ/radiotv.html">radio station</a> WJMS, Ironwood, Mich. <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/lutheran.html">Lutheran</a>. Member, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/am-legion.html">American Legion</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/sigma-delta-kappa.html">Sigma Delta Kappa</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/disabled-am-vets.html">Disabled American Veterans</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/ams-dem-action.html">Americans for Democratic Action</a>. In February 1945, he was involved in a fist fight on the floor of the House of Representatives with <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/rankin.html#182.60.60">John E. Rankin</a> of Mississippi. Died in Edina, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/HE-died.html">Hennepin County</a>, Minn., <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1982/06-21.html">June 21, 1982</a> (age <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/age/89.html">89 years, 26 days</a>). Interment at <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/HE-buried.html#cms03975">Fort Snelling National Cemetery</a>, Minneapolis, Minn. <table width=100% align="left"><tr><td width=20> </td> <td width=26 valign="top"><img src="hand.gif" width=26 height=17></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"><i>Relatives:</i> Married to Elsie C. Schneider.</span></td></tr> <tr><td width=20> </td> <td width=26 valign="top"><img src="hand.gif" width=26 height=17></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"><i>See also</i> <a href="https://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=H000757">congressional biography</a> — <a href="https://www.govtrack.us/congress/person.xpd?id=405608">Govtrack.us page</a> — <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank Eugene Hook">Wikipedia article</a> — <a href="https://findagrave.com/memorial/7275499">Find-A-Grave memorial</a></span></td></tr> </table> </td></tr> <tr><td width=82 align="right" valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> <b>Alvin E. Richards (b. 1886)</b> — of Marquette, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/MQ-lived.html">Marquette County</a>, Mich. Born in Soudan, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/SL-born.html">St. Louis County</a>, Minn., <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1886/10-06.html">October 6, 1886</a>. Republican. <b>Mining superintendent</b>; member of <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MI/ofc/sthse.html">Michigan state house of representatives</a> from Marquette County, 1947-54; defeated, 1954. <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/methodist.html">Methodist</a>. Member, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/masons.html">Freemasons</a>. Burial location unknown. <table width=100% align="left"><tr><td width=20> </td> <td width=26 valign="top"><img src="hand.gif" width=26 height=17></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"><i>Relatives:</i> Married, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1911/10-04.html">October 4, 1911</a>, to Mae Cassidy.</span></td></tr> </table> </td></tr> <tr><td width=82 align="right" valign="top"><img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/thumb/637/40.79.jpg" width=70 height=116 border=0 alt="Charlemagne Tower"></td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> <b>Charlemagne Tower (1848-1923)</b> — of Philadelphia, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/PA/PH-lived.html">Philadelphia County</a>, Pa.; Duluth, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/SL-lived.html">St. Louis County</a>, Minn. Born in Philadelphia, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/PA/PH-born.html">Philadelphia County</a>, Pa., <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1848/04-17.html">April 17, 1848</a>. Republican. <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/occ/lawyer.html">Lawyer</a>; president, Duluth & Iron Range <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/occ/railroading.html">Railroad</a>; managing director, Minnesota Iron Co. (<b>mining</b>); U.S. Minister to <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/ZZ/AH-diplomats.html ">Austria-Hungary</a>, 1897-99; U.S. Ambassador to <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/ZZ/RU-diplomats.html ">Russia</a>, 1899-1902; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/ZZ/GR-diplomats.html ">Germany</a>, 1902-08; alternate delegate to Republican National Convention from Pennsylvania, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/parties/R/1916/PA.html">1916</a>. Member, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/am-philosophical-soc.html">American Philosophical Society</a>. Died <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1923/02-24.html">February 24, 1923</a> (age <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/age/74.html">74 years, 313 days</a>). Original interment at <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/PA/MO-buried.html#cms00360">West Laurel Hill Cemetery</a>, Bala Cynwyd, Pa.; reinterment at <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/NY/OE-buried.html#cms05214">Waterville Cemetery</a>, Waterville, N.Y. <table width=100% align="left"><tr><td width=20> </td> <td width=26 valign="top"><img src="hand.gif" width=26 height=17></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"><i>Relatives:</i> Son of Charlemagne Tower and Amelia (Bartle) Tower; married, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1888/02-08.html">February 8, 1888</a>, to Helen Smith.</span></td></tr> <tr><td width=20> </td> <td width=26 valign="top"><img src="hand.gif" width=26 height=17></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"><i>See also</i> <a href="https://history.state.gov/departmenthistory/people/tower-charlemagne ?">U.S. State Dept career summary</a></span></td></tr> <tr><td width=20> </td> <td width=26 valign="top"><img src="hand.gif" width=26 height=17></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"><i>Image source:</i> National Cyclopedia of American Biography (1894)</span></td></tr> </table> </td></tr> <tr><td width=82 align="right" valign="top"> </td><td valign="top"><img src="rd.gif" width=13 height=13> <b>Stanley Washburn (1878-1950)</b> — of Lakewood, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/NJ/OC-lived.html">Ocean County</a>, N.J. Born in Minneapolis, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/HE-born.html">Hennepin County</a>, Minn., <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1878/02-07.html">February 7, 1878</a>. Republican. <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/occ/newspaper.html">Newspaper correspondent</a>; delegate to Republican National Convention from Minnesota, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/parties/R/1912/MN.html">1912</a>; president, Washburn Lignite <b>Coal</b> Co., Wilton, N.D., 1926-29; candidate for <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/NJ/ofc/usrep.html">U.S. Representative from New Jersey</a> 3rd District, 1932. Member, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/masons.html">Freemasons</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/elks.html">Elks</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/delta-psi.html">Delta Psi</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/am-legion.html">American Legion</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/vfw.html">Veterans of Foreign Wars</a>; <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/group/reserve-officers-assoc.html">Reserve Officers Association</a>. Died in <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1950/index.html">1950</a> (age <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/death/age/72.html">about 72 years</a>). Burial location unknown. <table width=100% align="left"><tr><td width=20> </td> <td width=26 valign="top"><img src="hand.gif" width=26 height=17></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"><i>Relatives:</i> Son of <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/warrick-washers.html#029.10.17">William Drew Washburn</a> and Elizabeth (Muzzy) Washburn; brother of <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/warrick-washers.html#310.00.75">William Drew Washburn Jr.</a>; married, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/chrono/1906/11-27.html">November 27, 1906</a>, to Alice Langhorne; nephew of <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/warrick-washers.html#578.05.21">Israel Washburn Jr.</a>, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/warrick-washers.html#844.25.24">Elihu Benjamin Washburne</a>, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/warrick-washers.html#070.60.86">Cadwallader Colden Washburn</a> and <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/warrick-washers.html#634.80.77">Charles Ames Washburn</a>; grandson of <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/warrick-washers.html#131.55.29">Israel Washburn</a>; grandnephew of <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/warrick-washers.html#081.76.93">Reuel Washburn</a>; first cousin of <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/warrick-washers.html#882.62.17">Charles Fox Washburn</a>, <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/warrick-washers.html#333.33.49">Hempstead Washburne</a> and <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/warrick-washers.html#223.37.09">Robert Charles Washburn</a>.</span></td></tr> <tr><td width=20> </td> <td width=26 valign="top"><img src="hand.gif" width=26 height=17></td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <i>Political family:</i> <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/families/10001-0049.html">Washburn family</a> of Massachusetts (subset of the <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/families/10001.html">Four Thousand Related Politicians</a>).</span></td></tr> </table> </td></tr> </table> </td> <td width=180 align="center" valign="center"> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></tr></table> <table width=100%> <td align="center" valign="center"> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script> </td></table> <table width=100%> <tr><td align="center"><span style="font-size:20pt;"> <span style="font-family:garamond,serif"> <i>"Enjoy the hospitable entertainment of a political graveyard."</i></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:8pt;">Henry L. Clinton, Apollo Hall, New York City, February 3, 1872</span></td> <td><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/"> <img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/images/tpgsub.gif" width=450 height=71 align="right" border=0 alt="The Political Graveyard"></a></td></tr></table> <br clear="all"> <table width=100% cellpadding=2> <tr><td colspan=3><span style="font-size:10pt;"> <b><a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/index.html">The Political Graveyard</a></b> is a web site about U.S. political history and cemeteries. Founded in 1996, it is the Internet's most comprehensive free source for American political biography, listing 320,919 politicians, living and dead.</span></td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3><span style="font-size:8pt;"> </span></td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The coverage of this site includes (1) the President, Vice President, members of Congress, elected state and territorial officeholders in all fifty states, the District of Columbia, and U.S. territories; and the chief elected official, typically the mayor, of qualifying municipalities; (2) candidates at election, including primaries, for any of the above; (3) all federal judges and all state appellate judges; (4) certain federal officials, including the federal cabinet, diplomatic chiefs of mission, consuls, U.S. district attorneys, collectors of customs and internal revenue, members of major federal commissions; and political appointee (pre-1969) postmasters of qualifying communities; (5) state and national political party officials, including delegates, alternate delegates, and other participants in national party nominating conventions; (6) Americans who served as "honorary" consuls for other nations before 1950. Note: municipalities or communities "qualify", for Political Graveyard purposes, if they have at least half a million person-years of history, inclusive of predecessor, successor, and merged entities.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The listings are <b>incomplete</b>; development of the database is a continually ongoing project.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> Information on this page — and on all other pages of this site — is believed to be accurate, but is <b>not</b> guaranteed. Users are advised to check with other sources before relying on any information here.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> The official URL for this page is: <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/mining.html">https://politicalgraveyard.com/geo/MN/mining.html</a>.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> Links to this or any other Political Graveyard page are welcome, but specific page addresses may sometimes change as the site develops.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td width=32 align="right" valign="top"> </td> <td valign="top"><span style="font-size:8pt;"> <img src="rd.gif" width=10 height=10> If you are searching for a specific named individual, try the <a href="https://politicalgraveyard.com/alpha/index.html">alphabetical index of politicians</a>.</span></td> <td width=100 align="right" valign="top"> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3 align="left" valign="top"><span style="font-size:10pt;"> <b>Copyright notices:</b> (1) Facts are not subject to copyright; see <a href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/copyright/cases/499_US_340.htm">Feist v. Rural Telephone</a>. (2) Politician portraits displayed on this site are 70-pixel-wide monochrome thumbnail images, which I believe to constitute <b>fair use</b> under applicable copyright law. Where possible, each image is linked to its online source. However, requests from owners of copyrighted images to delete them from this site are honored. (3) Original material, programming, selection and arrangement are © 1996-2023 Lawrence Kestenbaum. (4) This work is also licensed for free non-commercial re-use, with attribution, under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/">Creative Commons License</a>.</span></td></tr> <tr><td colspan=3 align="left" valign="top"><span style="font-size:10pt;"> <b>Site information:</b> The Political Graveyard is created and maintained by <b>Lawrence Kestenbaum</b>, who is solely responsible for its structure and content. — The mailing address is <b>The Political Graveyard, P.O. Box 2563, Ann Arbor MI 48106.</b> — This site is hosted by <b><a href="https://www.hdl.com">HDL</a></b>. — The Political Graveyard opened on <b>July 1, 1996</b>; the last full revision was done on <b>March 8, 2023</b>. </span></td></tr> </table> <hr> <table align="center" cellpadding=5><tr> <td align="center" valign="center"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" border="0" src="https://creativecommons.org/images/public/somerights.gif" width=88 height=31></a></td> <td align="center" valign="center"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/politicalgraveyard" target="_TOP" title="The Political Graveyard"><img src="https://badge.facebook.com/badge/40475596932.4982.1015512377.png" width="120" height="84" style="border: 0px;" /></a></td> <td align="center" valign="center"><a href="https://www.twitter.com/polgraveyard"> <img src="https://twitter-badges.s3.amazonaws.com/follow_us-a.png" border=0 alt="Follow polgraveyard on Twitter"/></a></td> <td align="center" valign="center"><a href="https://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/redirect?tag=thepoliticalg-20&path=subst/home/home.html"> <img src="https://politicalgraveyard.com/images/a150X70b.gif" border=0 alt="[Amazon.com]" align="center"></a></td> </tr></table> </body> </html>