CINXE.COM

<!doctype html> <html lang="en-US" class="mt-0"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"229f494c49",applicationID:"177966165"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function u(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>g,gD:()=>h,xN:()=>p});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const u="[data-nr-mask]",d=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(u):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=u:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function g(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,d());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function h(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=g(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},u={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},d={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!d[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return d[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");d[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,u),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(d[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(d[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=d[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>c,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>d,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=c&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,d=((()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Date.now()-(0,n.t)())},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>u});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};d(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),g(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function d(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(d(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return g(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),g(e,t)})))}function g(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)p(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function p(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:p,addEventListener:p,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=g(n),c=h(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var p=m()[s[e]];p&&p.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:v,listeners:h,context:g,buffer:function(e,t){const r=m();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!m()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function g(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function p(e,t){n[e]=h(e).concat(t)}function h(e){return n[e]||[]}function v(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(f,t)}function m(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.Zm)();d.ee||(d.ee=u)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,bz:()=>a});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>u,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},u={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>d,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>u,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],u=e[c];d(u)||(e[c]=r(u,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return d(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){u([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,d,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],d="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){u([t,"",[o,a,s],d],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],d,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],d,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],d,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){u([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function u(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function d(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log";n.K7.logging},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{G4:()=>i});var n=r(2614);r(860).K7.sessionReplay;const i={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"};n.g.ERROR,n.g.FULL,n.g.OFF},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>P});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),u=r(5289),d=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),g=r(384),p=r(6344);const h=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",p.G4.RECORD,p.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],v=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var m=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993);var w=r(2646),A=r(3434);function R(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,A.YM)(i),a=new w.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function E(){const e=(0,g.pV)();h.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const x={};function _(e,t,g=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const h={};var w=s.ee.get(e),A=w.get("tracer");x[e]=b.g.OFF,w.on(p.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{x[e]=t}));var E="api-",_=E+"ixn-";function N(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),j(E,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function T(){}h.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),function(e,t,r={},i=y.p_.INFO){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/logging/".concat(i.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,n.K7.metrics,e),(0,a.p)(y.ET,[(0,m.t)(),t,r,i],void 0,n.K7.logging,e)}(w,e,t,r)},h.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),R(w,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},v.forEach((e=>{h[e]=j(E,e,!0,"api")})),h.addPageAction=j(E,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),h.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,j(E,"setPageViewName",!0)()},h.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return N(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},h.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},h.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return N("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},h.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),w.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},h[p.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h[p.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)(p.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,w)},h.interaction=function(e){return(new T).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const S=T.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),g||(0,a.p)(_+"tracer",[(0,m.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,w),function(){if(A.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,m.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw A.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{A.emit("fn-end",[(0,m.t)()],r)}}}};function j(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,m.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,w),r?void 0:this}}function k(){r.e(296).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),w.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{S[e]=j(_,e,void 0,g?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),h.setCurrentRouteName=g?j(_,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):j(E,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),h.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,w),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,m.t)(),!1,r,!!x[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,w)},d.RI?(0,u.GG)((()=>k()),!0):k(),h}var N=r(9417),T=r(8122);const S={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},j={};var k=r(5284);const I=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let O=!1;function P(e,t={},r,n){let{init:a,info:c,loader_config:u,runtime:l={},exposed:f=!0}=t;l.loaderType=r;const p=(0,g.pV)();c||(a=p.init,c=p.info,u=p.loader_config),(0,N.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,a||{}),function(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");j[e]=(0,T.a)(t,S);const r=(0,g.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=j[e])}(e.agentIdentifier,u||{}),c.jsAttributes??={},d.bv&&(c.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,c);const h=(0,N.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),v=[c.beacon,c.errorBeacon];O||(h.proxy.assets&&(I(h.proxy.assets),v.push(h.proxy.assets)),h.proxy.beacon&&v.push(h.proxy.beacon),E(),(0,g.US)("activatedFeatures",k.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===h.soft_navigations.enabled&&h.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),l.denyList=[...h.ajax.deny_list||[],...h.ajax.block_internal?v:[]],l.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,l),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=_(e.agentIdentifier,n,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=f),O=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.274.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={296:"sha512-gkYkZDAwQ9PwaDXs2YM+rNIdRej1Ac1mupWobRJ8eahQcXz6/sunGZCKklrzi5kWxhOGRZr2tn0rEKuLTXzfAA=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={840:0,374:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function u(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var d=i(7603);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),g=i(5289),p=i(6154),h=i(384);const v=e=>p.RI&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled");function m(e){return!!(0,h.dV)().o.MO&&v(e)&&!0===(0,s.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}var b=i(6389);class y extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,b.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if(v(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,3861));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(296).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};p.RI?(0,g.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return m(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var w=i(6630);class A extends y{static featureName=w.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,w.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var R=i(9908),E=i(2843),x=i(3878),_=i(782),N=i(1863);class T extends y{static featureName=_.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,_.T,t),p.RI&&((0,E.u)((()=>(0,R.p)("docHidden",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,x.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,R.p)("winPagehide",[(0,N.t)()],void 0,_.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var S=i(3969);class j extends y{static featureName=S.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,S.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),p.gm?(this.features={},(0,h.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(A),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,d.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=u(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,h.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[A,T,j],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://github.githubassets.com/favicon.ico"> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />  <title>Automating open source: How Ersilia distributes AI models to advance global health equity - The GitHub Blog</title> <meta name="description" content="Discover how the Ersilia Open Source Initiative accelerates drug discovery by using GitHub Actions to disseminate AI/ML models." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://github.blog/open-source/social-impact/automating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Automating open source: How Ersilia distributes AI models to advance global health equity" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Discover how the Ersilia Open Source Initiative accelerates drug discovery by using GitHub Actions to disseminate AI/ML models." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://github.blog/open-source/social-impact/automating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="The GitHub Blog" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2024-08-15T20:17:09+00:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-08-15T20:48:04+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Collaboration-LightMode-2-1.png" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="630" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png" /> <meta name="author" content="Nicole Choi" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="Nicole Choi" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="13 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://github.blog/open-source/social-impact/automating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity/","url":"https://github.blog/open-source/social-impact/automating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity/","name":"Automating open source: How Ersilia distributes AI models to advance global health equity - The GitHub Blog","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://github.blog/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://github.blog/open-source/social-impact/automating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://github.blog/open-source/social-impact/automating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Collaboration-LightMode-2-1.png?fit=1200%2C630","datePublished":"2024-08-15T20:17:09+00:00","dateModified":"2024-08-15T20:48:04+00:00","author":{"@id":"https://github.blog/#/schema/person/8a8cb984893a6f3fa8f80dcbe2afff20"},"description":"Discover how the Ersilia Open Source Initiative accelerates drug discovery by using GitHub Actions to disseminate AI/ML models.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://github.blog/open-source/social-impact/automating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://github.blog/open-source/social-impact/automating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://github.blog/open-source/social-impact/automating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity/#primaryimage","url":"https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Collaboration-LightMode-2-1.png?fit=1200%2C630","contentUrl":"https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Collaboration-LightMode-2-1.png?fit=1200%2C630","width":1200,"height":630},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://github.blog/open-source/social-impact/automating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://github.blog/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Open Source","item":"https://github.blog/open-source/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Social impact","item":"https://github.blog/open-source/social-impact/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Automating open source: How Ersilia distributes AI models to advance global health equity"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://github.blog/#website","url":"https://github.blog/","name":"The GitHub Blog","description":"Updates, ideas, and inspiration from GitHub to help developers build and design software.","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://github.blog/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://github.blog/#/schema/person/8a8cb984893a6f3fa8f80dcbe2afff20","name":"Nicole Choi","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://github.blog/#/schema/person/image/ebfce852fe3714d4633e056f6424444c","url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/32664678192287b21db89a83cc52b9cc?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/32664678192287b21db89a83cc52b9cc?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Nicole Choi"},"url":"https://github.blog/author/nicchoi29/"}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//ghcc.githubassets.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//js.monitor.azure.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//cdnjs.cloudflare.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//analytics.githubassets.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//stats.wp.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//v0.wordpress.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="The GitHub Blog » Feed" href="https://github.blog/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="The GitHub Blog » Comments Feed" href="https://github.blog/comments/feed/" /> <script> window._wpemojiSettings = {"baseUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/72x72\/","ext":".png","svgUrl":"https:\/\/s.w.org\/images\/core\/emoji\/15.0.3\/svg\/","svgExt":".svg","source":{"concatemoji":"https:\/\/github.blog\/wp-includes\/js\/wp-emoji-release.min.js?ver=6.6.2"}}; /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(i,n){var o,s,e;function c(e){try{var t={supportTests:e,timestamp:(new Date).valueOf()};sessionStorage.setItem(o,JSON.stringify(t))}catch(e){}}function p(e,t,n){e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(t,0,0);var t=new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data),r=(e.clearRect(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height),e.fillText(n,0,0),new Uint32Array(e.getImageData(0,0,e.canvas.width,e.canvas.height).data));return t.every(function(e,t){return e===r[t]})}function u(e,t,n){switch(t){case"flag":return n(e,"\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200d\u26a7\ufe0f","\ud83c\udff3\ufe0f\u200b\u26a7\ufe0f")?!1:!n(e,"\ud83c\uddfa\ud83c\uddf3","\ud83c\uddfa\u200b\ud83c\uddf3")&&!n(e,"\ud83c\udff4\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc62\udb40\udc65\udb40\udc6e\udb40\udc67\udb40\udc7f","\ud83c\udff4\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc62\u200b\udb40\udc65\u200b\udb40\udc6e\u200b\udb40\udc67\u200b\udb40\udc7f");case"emoji":return!n(e,"\ud83d\udc26\u200d\u2b1b","\ud83d\udc26\u200b\u2b1b")}return!1}function f(e,t,n){var r="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope?new OffscreenCanvas(300,150):i.createElement("canvas"),a=r.getContext("2d",{willReadFrequently:!0}),o=(a.textBaseline="top",a.font="600 32px Arial",{});return e.forEach(function(e){o[e]=t(a,e,n)}),o}function t(e){var t=i.createElement("script");t.src=e,t.defer=!0,i.head.appendChild(t)}"undefined"!=typeof Promise&&(o="wpEmojiSettingsSupports",s=["flag","emoji"],n.supports={everything:!0,everythingExceptFlag:!0},e=new Promise(function(e){i.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",e,{once:!0})}),new Promise(function(t){var n=function(){try{var e=JSON.parse(sessionStorage.getItem(o));if("object"==typeof e&&"number"==typeof e.timestamp&&(new Date).valueOf()<e.timestamp+604800&&"object"==typeof e.supportTests)return e.supportTests}catch(e){}return null}();if(!n){if("undefined"!=typeof Worker&&"undefined"!=typeof OffscreenCanvas&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&URL.createObjectURL&&"undefined"!=typeof Blob)try{var e="postMessage("+f.toString()+"("+[JSON.stringify(s),u.toString(),p.toString()].join(",")+"));",r=new Blob([e],{type:"text/javascript"}),a=new Worker(URL.createObjectURL(r),{name:"wpTestEmojiSupports"});return void(a.onmessage=function(e){c(n=e.data),a.terminate(),t(n)})}catch(e){}c(n=f(s,u,p))}t(n)}).then(function(e){for(var t in e)n.supports[t]=e[t],n.supports.everything=n.supports.everything&&n.supports[t],"flag"!==t&&(n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&n.supports[t]);n.supports.everythingExceptFlag=n.supports.everythingExceptFlag&&!n.supports.flag,n.DOMReady=!1,n.readyCallback=function(){n.DOMReady=!0}}).then(function(){return e}).then(function(){var e;n.supports.everything||(n.readyCallback(),(e=n.source||{}).concatemoji?t(e.concatemoji):e.wpemoji&&e.twemoji&&(t(e.twemoji),t(e.wpemoji)))}))}((window,document),window._wpemojiSettings); </script> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='all-css-2' href='https://github.blog/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?m=1732206008g' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='co-authors-plus-coauthors-style-inline-css'> .wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow [class*=wp-block-co-authors-plus]{display:inline} </style> <style id='co-authors-plus-avatar-style-inline-css'> .wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar :where(img){height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow .wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar :where(img){vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar:is(.alignleft,.alignright){display:table}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-avatar.aligncenter{display:table;margin-inline:auto} </style> <style id='co-authors-plus-image-style-inline-css'> .wp-block-co-authors-plus-image{margin-bottom:0}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image :where(img){height:auto;max-width:100%;vertical-align:bottom}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-coauthors.is-layout-flow .wp-block-co-authors-plus-image :where(img){vertical-align:middle}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image:is(.alignfull,.alignwide) :where(img){width:100%}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image:is(.alignleft,.alignright){display:table}.wp-block-co-authors-plus-image.aligncenter{display:table;margin-inline:auto} </style> <style id='safe-svg-svg-icon-style-inline-css'> .safe-svg-cover{text-align:center}.safe-svg-cover .safe-svg-inside{display:inline-block;max-width:100%}.safe-svg-cover svg{height:100%;max-height:100%;max-width:100%;width:100%} </style> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css'> .jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='all-css-20' href='https://github.blog/_static/??/wp-content/plugins/wp-menu-image/assets/css/wmi-front-style.css,/wp-content/themes/github-2021/dist/css/site-script.css?m=1732205351' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='highlightjs-css-css' href='https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/11.4.0/styles/default.min.css?ver=11.4.0' media='all' /> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://github.blog/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://github.blog/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/79446" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://github.blog/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.6.2" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://wp.me/pamS32-kFo' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://github.blog/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.blog%2Fopen-source%2Fsocial-impact%2Fautomating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://github.blog/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.blog%2Fopen-source%2Fsocial-impact%2Fautomating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity%2F&format=xml" /> <style>img#wpstats{display:none}</style> <meta name="ha-url" content="https://collector.githubapp.com/github-blog/collect"><link rel="preload" href="https://github.blog/wp-content/themes/github-2021/dist/fonts/alliance/Alliance-No-1-ExtraBold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="preload" href="https://github.blog/wp-content/themes/github-2021/dist/fonts/alliance/Alliance-No-1-Bold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="preload" href="https://github.blog/wp-content/themes/github-2021/dist/fonts/alliance/Alliance-No-1-SemiBold.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="preload" href="https://github.blog/wp-content/themes/github-2021/dist/fonts/alliance/Alliance-No-1-Regular.woff2" as="font" type="font/woff2" crossorigin="anonymous"><link rel="icon" href="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/cropped-github-favicon-512.png?fit=32%2C32" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/cropped-github-favicon-512.png?fit=192%2C192" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/cropped-github-favicon-512.png?fit=180%2C180" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/cropped-github-favicon-512.png?fit=270%2C270" /> <style id="wp-custom-css"> .post__content { word-break: break-word; } </style> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-79446 single-format-standard font-mktg no-sidebar"> <div data-color-mode="dark" data-light-theme="light" data-dark-theme="dark_dimmed" class="pt-header pt-lg-0"> <header id="header" class="header position-fixed position-lg-static pb-lg-header z-4 top-0 left-0 right-0 d-flex flex-column flex-items-stretch color-bg-default"> <a href="#start-of-content" class="p-3 color-bg-accent-emphasis color-fg-on-emphasis show-on-focus"> Skip to content </a> <a href="#sidebar" class="p-3 color-bg-accent-emphasis color-fg-on-emphasis show-on-focus"> Skip to sidebar </a> <div class="position-relative container-xl width-full mx-auto p-responsive-blog"> <div class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between pt-3 pb-3 color-fg-default"> <a href="https://github.com" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer" aria-label="GitHub homepage" class="Header-link position-relative d-flex flex-items-center color-fg-default"> <svg aria-hidden="true" role="presentation" class="nav-back-arrow position-absolute d-block" viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="32" height="32" fill="currentColor"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M15.28 5.22a.75.75 0 00-1.06 0l-6.25 6.25a.75.75 0 000 1.06l6.25 6.25a.75.75 0 101.06-1.06L9.56 12l5.72-5.72a.75.75 0 000-1.06z"></path></svg> <svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" class="octicon octicon-mark-github d-block" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="32" height="32" fill="currentColor"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path></svg> </a> <span class="d-inline-block ml-2 f1-mktg f2-md-mktg" style="opacity: 0.3;">/</span> <a class="d-inline-block Header-link font-weight-semibold ml-2 f2 color-fg-default" href="https://github.blog/"> Blog</a> <nav class="d-none d-lg-block" aria-label="Secondary navigation"> <ul id="secondary-navigation" class="secondary-navigation flex-items-center flex-nowrap list-style-none ml-4" aria-hidden="false"><li id="menu-item-78809"><a href="https://github.blog/changelog/" class="position-relative d-flex flex-items-center flex-start no-wrap py-2 px-4 f4 lh-condensed-ultra Link--secondary color-fg-default text-medium">Changelog</a></li> <li id="menu-item-78810"><a href="https://docs.github.com/" class="position-relative d-flex flex-items-center flex-start no-wrap py-2 px-4 f4 lh-condensed-ultra Link--secondary color-fg-default text-medium">Docs<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down position-absolute right-0 d-block ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M3.75 2h3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-3.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v8.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h8.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v3.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 12.25 14h-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 12.25v-8.5C2 2.784 2.784 2 3.75 2Zm6.854-1h4.146a.25.25 0 0 1 .25.25v4.146a.25.25 0 0 1-.427.177L13.03 4.03 9.28 7.78a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042l3.75-3.75-1.543-1.543A.25.25 0 0 1 10.604 1Z"></path></svg></a></li> <li id="menu-item-78811"><a href="https://github.com/customer-stories" class="position-relative d-flex flex-items-center flex-start no-wrap py-2 px-4 f4 lh-condensed-ultra Link--secondary color-fg-default text-medium">Customer stories<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-down position-absolute right-0 d-block ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M3.75 2h3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-3.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v8.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h8.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v3.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 12.25 14h-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 12.25v-8.5C2 2.784 2.784 2 3.75 2Zm6.854-1h4.146a.25.25 0 0 1 .25.25v4.146a.25.25 0 0 1-.427.177L13.03 4.03 9.28 7.78a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042l3.75-3.75-1.543-1.543A.25.25 0 0 1 10.604 1Z"></path></svg></a></li> </ul></nav> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-1"> <form id="desktop-search" class="desktop-search position-relative ml-lg-4 flex-1" action="https://github.blog" method="get" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Search form" role="search"> <div class="position-relative d-flex flex-1 height-full color-bg-transparent" data-color-mode="light" data-light-theme="light" data-dark-theme="dark" > <input aria-label="Search the blog" type="search" class="p-2 pl-3 pr-6 border-0 rounded-2 flex-1" placeholder="Search the blog…" value="" name="s" id="search-input"> <button type="submit" class="position-absolute right-0 z-3 d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-center flex-self-center mr-2 p-2 border-0 rounded-2 color-bg-transparent color-fg-subtle" aria-label="Search"> <svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="20" height="20" class="octicon octicon-search" role="presentation"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.5 7a4.499 4.499 0 11-8.998 0A4.499 4.499 0 0111.5 7zm-.82 4.74a6 6 0 111.06-1.06l3.04 3.04a.75.75 0 11-1.06 1.06l-3.04-3.04z"></path></svg> </button> </div> </form> <button aria-label="Toggle search" class="flex-self-center ml-auto p-2 border-0 color-bg-transparent color-fg-default rounded-3 js-toggle" aria-controls="desktop-search" aria-expanded="false" > <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" class="octicon octicon-search" role="presentation"><path d="M10.25 2a8.25 8.25 0 0 1 6.34 13.53l5.69 5.69a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215l-5.69-5.69A8.25 8.25 0 1 1 10.25 2ZM3.5 10.25a6.75 6.75 0 1 0 13.5 0 6.75 6.75 0 0 0-13.5 0Z"></path></svg> <svg viewBox="2 2 20 20" width="24" height="24" class="octicon octicon-x" role="presentation"><path d="M5.72 5.72a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L12 10.94l5.22-5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 1.275.326.749.749 0 0 1-.215.734L13.06 12l5.22 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215L12 13.06l-5.22 5.22a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L10.94 12 5.72 6.78a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg> </button> <a data-analytics-click="Blog, click on button, text: Try GitHub Copilot; ref_location:top nav;" class="no-wrap btn-mktg font-weight-semibold ml-3 js-header-cta header-cta" href="https://docs.github.com/en/copilot/quickstart?utm_source=github&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=topnav" target="_blank">Try GitHub Copilot</a> <a data-analytics-click="Blog, click on button, text: Contact sales; ref_location:top nav;" class="no-wrap btn-mktg btn-muted-mktg font-weight-semibold ml-3 js-header-cta header-cta" href="https://github.com/enterprise/contact?ref_cta=contact%2520sales&ref_loc=banner&ref_page=blog" target="_blank">Contact sales</a> </div> <div class="d-flex d-lg-none flex-items-center flex-1 mr-n2"> <button aria-label="Toggle search" class="ml-auto p-2 border-0 color-bg-transparent color-fg-default rounded-3 js-toggle" aria-controls="mobile-search" aria-expanded="false" > <svg viewBox="0 0 24 24" width="24" height="24" class="octicon octicon-search" role="presentation"><path d="M10.25 2a8.25 8.25 0 0 1 6.34 13.53l5.69 5.69a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215l-5.69-5.69A8.25 8.25 0 1 1 10.25 2ZM3.5 10.25a6.75 6.75 0 1 0 13.5 0 6.75 6.75 0 0 0-13.5 0Z"></path></svg> <svg viewBox="2 2 20 20" width="24" height="24" class="octicon octicon-x" role="presentation"><path d="M5.72 5.72a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L12 10.94l5.22-5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 1.275.326.749.749 0 0 1-.215.734L13.06 12l5.22 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215L12 13.06l-5.22 5.22a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L10.94 12 5.72 6.78a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg> </button> <button aria-label="Toggle menu" class="ml-2 p-2 border-0 color-bg-transparent color-fg-default rounded-3 js-toggle" aria-controls="mobile-menu" aria-expanded="false" data-trap-focus="#header"> <svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="24" height="24" class="octicon octicon-three-bars" role="presentation"><path d="M1 2.75A.75.75 0 0 1 1.75 2h12.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5H1.75A.75.75 0 0 1 1 2.75Zm0 5A.75.75 0 0 1 1.75 7h12.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5H1.75A.75.75 0 0 1 1 7.75ZM1.75 12h12.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5H1.75a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5Z"></path></svg> <svg viewBox="2 2 20 20" width="24" height="24" class="octicon octicon-x " role="presentation"><path d="M5.72 5.72a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0L12 10.94l5.22-5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 1.275.326.749.749 0 0 1-.215.734L13.06 12l5.22 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1-.326 1.275.749.749 0 0 1-.734-.215L12 13.06l-5.22 5.22a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L10.94 12 5.72 6.78a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg> </button> </div> </div> </div> <div class="position-relative pb-lg-navigation" data-sticky-navigation=".sticky-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Primary navigation" class="sticky-navigation position-absolute z-4 top-0 left-0 d-none d-lg-block width-full color-border-subtle color-bg-default"> <div class="position-relative container-xl width-full mx-auto p-responsive-blog"> <ul id="primary-navigation" class="primary-navigation position-relative d-flex flex-row flex-nowrap flex-grow-0 flex-justify-between list-style-none"><li id="menu-item-78814"><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/" class="position-relative d-flex flex-items-center flex-start no-wrap py-3 f4-mktg text-bold js-toggle" aria-controls="primary-78814-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button">AI & ML<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1 color-fg-muted" role="presentation"><path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></a> <ul class="dropdown d-flex flex-wrap width-full position-absolute left-0 list-style-none mt-2 rounded-3 z-3 overflow-hidden color-border-subtle" aria-label="AI & ML sub-menu" aria-hidden="true" data-color-mode="light" data-dark-theme="dark" data-light-theme="light" id="primary-78814-dropdown" tabindex="-1"> <li id="menu-item-78863" class="flex-1 p-5 py-xl-7 px-xl-7"><div class="col-9 mb-4 mb-lg-7"><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-start f3 lh-condensed color-fg-default text-bold">AI & ML<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a><p class="mt-1 my-0 f4 color-fg-muted">Learn about artificial intelligence and machine learning across the GitHub ecosystem and the wider industry.</p></div> <ul class="d-flex flex-wrap list-style-none" aria-label="AI & ML sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-78815" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right"><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/generative-ai/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Generative AI</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Learn how to build with generative AI.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78816" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8"><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/github-copilot/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">GitHub Copilot</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Change how you work with GitHub Copilot.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78817" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/llms/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">LLMs</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Everything developers need to know about LLMs.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78818" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8 pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/machine-learning/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Machine learning</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Machine learning tips, tricks, and best practices.</p></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78864" class="p-5 py-xl-7 px-xl-8 col-4 color-bg-subtle card"><div class="d-block position-relative mb-3 rounded-2 tease-thumbnail overflow-hidden"><img width="800" height="425" src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/AI-DarkMode-4.png?resize=800%2C425" class="tease-thumbnail__img d-block width-full height-auto aspect-ratio-1032-548 object-fit-cover" alt="" decoding="async" fetchpriority="high" srcset="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/AI-DarkMode-4.png?w=300 300w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/AI-DarkMode-4.png?w=800 800w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/AI-DarkMode-4.png?w=400 400w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/AI-DarkMode-4.png?w=1032 1032w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/06/AI-DarkMode-4.png?w=516 516w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></div><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/generative-ai/how-ai-code-generation-works/" class="d-block mb-2 f3 lh-condensed color-fg-default text-bold card__link">How AI code generation works</a><p class="mb-3 f5 color-fg-muted">Explore the capabilities and benefits of AI code generation and how it can improve your developer experience.</p><span class="Link d-inline-flex flex-items-center" role="presentation">Learn more<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1" viewBox="0 0 12 12" width="12" height="12"><path d="M4.7 10c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1L6.9 6 4.2 3.3c-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1.3-.3.8-.3 1.1 0l3.3 3.2c.3.3.3.8 0 1.1L5.3 9.7c-.2.2-.4.3-.6.3Z"></path></svg></span></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78819"><a href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/" class="position-relative d-flex flex-items-center flex-start no-wrap py-3 f4-mktg text-bold js-toggle" aria-controls="primary-78819-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button">Developer skills<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1 color-fg-muted" role="presentation"><path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></a> <ul class="dropdown d-flex flex-wrap width-full position-absolute left-0 list-style-none mt-2 rounded-3 z-3 overflow-hidden color-border-subtle" aria-label="Developer skills sub-menu" aria-hidden="true" data-color-mode="light" data-dark-theme="dark" data-light-theme="light" id="primary-78819-dropdown" tabindex="-1"> <li id="menu-item-78865" class="flex-1 p-5 py-xl-7 px-xl-7"><div class="col-9 mb-4 mb-lg-7"><a href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-start f3 lh-condensed color-fg-default text-bold">Developer skills<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a><p class="mt-1 my-0 f4 color-fg-muted">Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers.</p></div> <ul class="d-flex flex-wrap list-style-none" aria-label="Developer skills sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-78820" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right"><a href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/application-development/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Application development</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Insights and best practices for building apps.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78821" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8"><a href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/career-growth/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Career growth</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78822" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/github/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">GitHub</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Improve how you use GitHub at work.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78823" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8 pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/github-education/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">GitHub Education</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Learn how to move into your first professional role.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78824" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/programming-languages-and-frameworks/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Programming languages & frameworks</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Stay current on what’s new (or new again).</p></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78866" class="p-5 py-xl-7 px-xl-8 col-4 color-bg-subtle card"><div class="d-block position-relative mb-3 rounded-2 tease-thumbnail overflow-hidden"><img width="800" height="425" src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Enterprise-DarkMode-3.png?resize=800%2C425" class="tease-thumbnail__img d-block width-full height-auto aspect-ratio-1032-548 object-fit-cover" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Enterprise-DarkMode-3.png?w=300 300w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Enterprise-DarkMode-3.png?w=800 800w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Enterprise-DarkMode-3.png?w=400 400w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Enterprise-DarkMode-3.png?w=1032 1032w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Enterprise-DarkMode-3.png?w=516 516w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></div><a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started" class="d-block mb-2 f3 lh-condensed color-fg-default text-bold card__link">Get started with GitHub documentation</a><p class="mb-3 f5 color-fg-muted">Learn how to start building, shipping, and maintaining software with GitHub.</p><span class="Link d-inline-flex flex-items-center" role="presentation">Learn more<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1" viewBox="0 0 12 12" width="12" height="12"><path d="M4.7 10c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1L6.9 6 4.2 3.3c-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1.3-.3.8-.3 1.1 0l3.3 3.2c.3.3.3.8 0 1.1L5.3 9.7c-.2.2-.4.3-.6.3Z"></path></svg></span></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78825"><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/" class="position-relative d-flex flex-items-center flex-start no-wrap py-3 f4-mktg text-bold js-toggle" aria-controls="primary-78825-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button">Engineering<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1 color-fg-muted" role="presentation"><path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></a> <ul class="dropdown d-flex flex-wrap width-full position-absolute left-0 list-style-none mt-2 rounded-3 z-3 overflow-hidden color-border-subtle" aria-label="Engineering sub-menu" aria-hidden="true" data-color-mode="light" data-dark-theme="dark" data-light-theme="light" id="primary-78825-dropdown" tabindex="-1"> <li id="menu-item-78867" class="flex-1 p-5 py-xl-7 px-xl-7"><div class="col-9 mb-4 mb-lg-7"><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-start f3 lh-condensed color-fg-default text-bold">Engineering<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a><p class="mt-1 my-0 f4 color-fg-muted">Get an inside look at how we’re building the home for all developers.</p></div> <ul class="d-flex flex-wrap list-style-none" aria-label="Engineering sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-78827" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right"><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/architecture-optimization/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Architecture & optimization</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Discover how we deliver a performant and highly available experience across the GitHub platform.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78828" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8"><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/engineering-principles/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Engineering principles</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Explore best practices for building software at scale with a majority remote team.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78829" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/infrastructure/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Infrastructure</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Get a glimpse at the technology underlying the world’s leading AI-powered developer platform.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78830" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8 pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/platform-security/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Platform security</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Learn how we build security into everything we do across the developer lifecycle.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78858" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/user-experience/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">User experience</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Find out what goes into making GitHub the home for all developers.</p></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78868" class="p-5 py-xl-7 px-xl-8 col-4 color-bg-subtle card"><div class="d-block position-relative mb-3 rounded-2 tease-thumbnail overflow-hidden"><img width="800" height="425" src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.42.45 AM.png?resize=800%2C425" class="tease-thumbnail__img d-block width-full height-auto aspect-ratio-1032-548 object-fit-cover" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.42.45 AM.png?w=800 800w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.42.45 AM.png?w=400 400w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.42.45 AM.png?w=1032 1032w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.42.45 AM.png?w=516 516w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></div><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/how-we-use-github-to-be-more-productive-collaborative-and-secure/" class="d-block mb-2 f3 lh-condensed color-fg-default text-bold card__link">How we use GitHub to be more productive, collaborative, and secure</a><p class="mb-3 f5 color-fg-muted">Our engineering and security teams do some incredible work. Let’s take a look at how we use GitHub to be more productive, build collaboratively, and shift security left.</p><span class="Link d-inline-flex flex-items-center" role="presentation">Learn more<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1" viewBox="0 0 12 12" width="12" height="12"><path d="M4.7 10c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1L6.9 6 4.2 3.3c-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1.3-.3.8-.3 1.1 0l3.3 3.2c.3.3.3.8 0 1.1L5.3 9.7c-.2.2-.4.3-.6.3Z"></path></svg></span></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78832"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/" class="position-relative d-flex flex-items-center flex-start no-wrap py-3 f4-mktg text-bold js-toggle" aria-controls="primary-78832-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button">Enterprise software<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1 color-fg-muted" role="presentation"><path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></a> <ul class="dropdown d-flex flex-wrap width-full position-absolute left-0 list-style-none mt-2 rounded-3 z-3 overflow-hidden color-border-subtle" aria-label="Enterprise software sub-menu" aria-hidden="true" data-color-mode="light" data-dark-theme="dark" data-light-theme="light" id="primary-78832-dropdown" tabindex="-1"> <li id="menu-item-78869" class="flex-1 p-5 py-xl-7 px-xl-7"><div class="col-9 mb-4 mb-lg-7"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-start f3 lh-condensed color-fg-default text-bold">Enterprise software<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a><p class="mt-1 my-0 f4 color-fg-muted">Explore how to write, build, and deploy enterprise software at scale.</p></div> <ul class="d-flex flex-wrap list-style-none" aria-label="Enterprise software sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-78833" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/automation/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Automation</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Automating your way to faster and more secure ships.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78834" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/ci-cd/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">CI/CD</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Guides on continuous integration and delivery.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78835" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/collaboration/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Collaboration</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Tips, tools, and tricks to improve developer collaboration.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78836" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8 pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/devops/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">DevOps</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">DevOps resources for enterprise engineering teams.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78837" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/devsecops/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">DevSecOps</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">How to integrate security into the SDLC.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78838" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8 pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/governance-and-compliance/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Governance & compliance</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Ensuring your builds stay clean.</p></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78870" class="p-5 py-xl-7 px-xl-8 col-4 color-bg-subtle card"><div class="d-block position-relative mb-3 rounded-2 tease-thumbnail overflow-hidden"><img width="800" height="425" src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.43.47 AM.png?resize=800%2C425" class="tease-thumbnail__img d-block width-full height-auto aspect-ratio-1032-548 object-fit-cover" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.43.47 AM.png?w=800 800w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.43.47 AM.png?w=400 400w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.43.47 AM.png?w=1032 1032w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.43.47 AM.png?w=516 516w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></div><a href="https://resources.github.com/artificial-intelligence/how-enterprise-engineering-teams-can-successfully-adopt-ai/" class="d-block mb-2 f3 lh-condensed color-fg-default text-bold card__link">How enterprise engineering teams can successfully adopt AI</a><p class="mb-3 f5 color-fg-muted">Learn how to bring AI to your engineering teams and maximize the value that you get from it.</p><span class="Link d-inline-flex flex-items-center" role="presentation">Learn more<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1" viewBox="0 0 12 12" width="12" height="12"><path d="M4.7 10c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1L6.9 6 4.2 3.3c-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1.3-.3.8-.3 1.1 0l3.3 3.2c.3.3.3.8 0 1.1L5.3 9.7c-.2.2-.4.3-.6.3Z"></path></svg></span></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78840"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/" class="position-relative d-flex flex-items-center flex-start no-wrap py-3 f4-mktg text-bold js-toggle" aria-controls="primary-78840-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button">News & insights<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1 color-fg-muted" role="presentation"><path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></a> <ul class="dropdown d-flex flex-wrap width-full position-absolute left-0 list-style-none mt-2 rounded-3 z-3 overflow-hidden color-border-subtle" aria-label="News & insights sub-menu" aria-hidden="true" data-color-mode="light" data-dark-theme="dark" data-light-theme="light" id="primary-78840-dropdown" tabindex="-1"> <li id="menu-item-78871" class="flex-1 p-5 py-xl-7 px-xl-7"><div class="col-9 mb-4 mb-lg-7"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-start f3 lh-condensed color-fg-default text-bold">News & insights<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a><p class="mt-1 my-0 f4 color-fg-muted">Keep up with what’s new and notable from inside GitHub.</p></div> <ul class="d-flex flex-wrap list-style-none" aria-label="News & insights sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-78841" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/company-news/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Company news</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">An inside look at news and product updates from GitHub.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78844" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/product-news/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Product</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">The latest on GitHub’s platform, products, and tools.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78842" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/octoverse/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Octoverse</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Insights into the state of open source on GitHub.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78843" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8 pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/policy-news-and-insights/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Policy</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">The latest policy and regulatory changes in software.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78845" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/research/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Research</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Data-driven insights around the developer ecosystem.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78847" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8 pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/the-library/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">The library</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Older news and updates from GitHub.</p></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78872" class="p-5 py-xl-7 px-xl-8 col-4 color-bg-subtle card"><div class="d-block position-relative mb-3 rounded-2 tease-thumbnail overflow-hidden"><img width="800" height="425" src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.44.23 AM.png?resize=800%2C425" class="tease-thumbnail__img d-block width-full height-auto aspect-ratio-1032-548 object-fit-cover" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.44.23 AM.png?w=300 300w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.44.23 AM.png?w=800 800w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.44.23 AM.png?w=400 400w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.44.23 AM.png?w=1032 1032w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.44.23 AM.png?w=516 516w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></div><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/llms/unlocking-the-power-of-unstructured-data-with-rag/" class="d-block mb-2 f3 lh-condensed color-fg-default text-bold card__link">Unlocking the power of unstructured data with RAG</a><p class="mb-3 f5 color-fg-muted">Learn how to use retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to capture more insights.</p><span class="Link d-inline-flex flex-items-center" role="presentation">Learn more<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1" viewBox="0 0 12 12" width="12" height="12"><path d="M4.7 10c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1L6.9 6 4.2 3.3c-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1.3-.3.8-.3 1.1 0l3.3 3.2c.3.3.3.8 0 1.1L5.3 9.7c-.2.2-.4.3-.6.3Z"></path></svg></span></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78848"><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/" class="position-relative d-flex flex-items-center flex-start no-wrap py-3 f4-mktg text-bold js-toggle" aria-controls="primary-78848-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button">Open Source<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1 color-fg-muted" role="presentation"><path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></a> <ul class="dropdown d-flex flex-wrap width-full position-absolute left-0 list-style-none mt-2 rounded-3 z-3 overflow-hidden color-border-subtle" aria-label="Open Source sub-menu" aria-hidden="true" data-color-mode="light" data-dark-theme="dark" data-light-theme="light" id="primary-78848-dropdown" tabindex="-1"> <li id="menu-item-78873" class="flex-1 p-5 py-xl-7 px-xl-7"><div class="col-9 mb-4 mb-lg-7"><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-start f3 lh-condensed color-fg-default text-bold">Open Source<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a><p class="mt-1 my-0 f4 color-fg-muted">Everything open source on GitHub.</p></div> <ul class="d-flex flex-wrap list-style-none" aria-label="Open Source sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-78851" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right"><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/git/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Git</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">The latest Git updates.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78853" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8"><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/maintainers/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Maintainers</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Spotlighting open source maintainers.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78854" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/social-impact/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Social impact</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">How open source is driving positive change.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78850" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8 pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/gaming/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Gaming</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Explore open source games on GitHub.</p></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78874" class="p-5 py-xl-7 px-xl-8 col-4 color-bg-subtle card"><div class="d-block position-relative mb-3 rounded-2 tease-thumbnail overflow-hidden"><img width="800" height="425" src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.46.23 AM.png?resize=800%2C425" class="tease-thumbnail__img d-block width-full height-auto aspect-ratio-1032-548 object-fit-cover" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.46.23 AM.png?w=800 800w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.46.23 AM.png?w=400 400w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.46.23 AM.png?w=1032 1032w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.46.23 AM.png?w=516 516w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></div><a href="https://resources.github.com/software-development/innersource/" class="d-block mb-2 f3 lh-condensed color-fg-default text-bold card__link">An introduction to innersource</a><p class="mb-3 f5 color-fg-muted">Organizations worldwide are incorporating open source methodologies into the way they build and ship their own software.</p><span class="Link d-inline-flex flex-items-center" role="presentation">Learn more<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1" viewBox="0 0 12 12" width="12" height="12"><path d="M4.7 10c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1L6.9 6 4.2 3.3c-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1.3-.3.8-.3 1.1 0l3.3 3.2c.3.3.3.8 0 1.1L5.3 9.7c-.2.2-.4.3-.6.3Z"></path></svg></span></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78859"><a href="https://github.blog/security/" class="position-relative d-flex flex-items-center flex-start no-wrap py-3 f4-mktg text-bold js-toggle" aria-controls="primary-78859-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button">Security<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1 color-fg-muted" role="presentation"><path d="M12.78 5.22a.749.749 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.749.749 0 0 1-1.06 0L3.22 6.28a.749.749 0 1 1 1.06-1.06L8 8.939l3.72-3.719a.749.749 0 0 1 1.06 0Z"></path></svg></a> <ul class="dropdown d-flex flex-wrap width-full position-absolute left-0 list-style-none mt-2 rounded-3 z-3 overflow-hidden color-border-subtle" aria-label="Security sub-menu" aria-hidden="true" data-color-mode="light" data-dark-theme="dark" data-light-theme="light" id="primary-78859-dropdown" tabindex="-1"> <li id="menu-item-78875" class="flex-1 p-5 py-xl-7 px-xl-7"><div class="col-9 mb-4 mb-lg-7"><a href="https://github.blog/security/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-start f3 lh-condensed color-fg-default text-bold">Security<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a><p class="mt-1 my-0 f4 color-fg-muted">Stay up to date on everything security.</p></div> <ul class="d-flex flex-wrap list-style-none" aria-label="Security sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-78860" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right"><a href="https://github.blog/security/application-security/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Application security</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Application security, explained.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78861" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8"><a href="https://github.blog/security/supply-chain-security/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Supply chain security</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Demystifying supply chain security.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78855" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pr-4 pr-lg-8 border-right pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/security/vulnerability-research/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Vulnerability research</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Updates from the GitHub Security Lab.</p></li> <li id="menu-item-78862" class="col-6 d-block f4 color-fg-default color-border-subtle pl-4 pl-lg-8 pt-2 pt-lg-4"><a href="https://github.blog/security/web-application-security/" class="d-block f4 color-fg-default text-bold">Web application security</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Helpful tips on securing web applications.</p></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-78876" class="p-5 py-xl-7 px-xl-8 col-4 color-bg-subtle card"><div class="d-block position-relative mb-3 rounded-2 tease-thumbnail overflow-hidden"><img width="800" height="425" src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.47.04 AM.png?resize=800%2C425" class="tease-thumbnail__img d-block width-full height-auto aspect-ratio-1032-548 object-fit-cover" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.47.04 AM.png?w=800 800w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.47.04 AM.png?w=400 400w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.47.04 AM.png?w=1032 1032w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Screenshot-2024-07-23-at-8.47.04 AM.png?w=516 516w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></div><a href="https://resources.github.com/security/the-enterprise-guide-to-ai-powered-devsecops/" class="d-block mb-2 f3 lh-condensed color-fg-default text-bold card__link">The enterprise guide to AI-powered DevSecOps</a><p class="mb-3 f5 color-fg-muted">Learn about core challenges in DevSecOps, and how you can start addressing them with AI and automation.</p><span class="Link d-inline-flex flex-items-center" role="presentation">Learn more<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1" viewBox="0 0 12 12" width="12" height="12"><path d="M4.7 10c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1L6.9 6 4.2 3.3c-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1.3-.3.8-.3 1.1 0l3.3 3.2c.3.3.3.8 0 1.1L5.3 9.7c-.2.2-.4.3-.6.3Z"></path></svg></span></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> <form id="mobile-search" role="search" method="get" class="mobile-search" action="https://github.blog" aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Search form"> <div class="d-flex flex-1 p-3 color-bg-inset"> <div class="d-flex flex-1 position-relative color-bg-transparent" data-color-mode="light" data-light-theme="light" data-dark-theme="dark" > <svg height="20" class="d-flex position-absolute z-3 octicon height-full ml-2 color-fg-subtle" aria-hidden="true" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="20" role="img"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M11.5 7a4.499 4.499 0 11-8.998 0A4.499 4.499 0 0111.5 7zm-.82 4.74a6 6 0 111.06-1.06l3.04 3.04a.75.75 0 11-1.06 1.06l-3.04-3.04z"></path></svg> <input aria-label="Search the blog" type="search" class="pl-6 search-field form-control p-2 flex-1" placeholder="Search the blog…" value="" name="s" id="search-input"> </div> <button type="submit" class="btn-mktg btn-muted-mktg font-weight-semibold ml-2 border-1 color-fg-default"> Search </button> </div> </form> <nav id="mobile-menu" class="mobile-menu position-relative overflow-y-auto flex-1 width-full rounded-top-3" aria-label="Navigation menu" aria-hidden="true" data-color-mode="light" data-light-theme="light" data-dark-theme="dark_dimmed"> <div class="p-5"> <h2 class="mb-5 text-bold color-fg-subtle">Categories</h2> <ul id="menu-new-primary-navigation" class="list-style-none"><li class="mb-5"><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default js-toggle" aria-controls="primary-mobile-78814-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button">AI & ML<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right d-block mt-1 color-fg-subtle" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a> <ul aria-hidden="true" aria-label="AI & ML sub-menu" class="dropdown overflow-y-auto position-absolute top-0 left-0 right-0 bottom-0 flex-wrap p-5 list-style-none rounded-3 z-3 color-bg-default color-border-subtle" id="primary-mobile-78814-dropdown"> <li class="mb-5"><div class="mb-4"><button type="button" class="d-flex flex-items-center mb-4 p-0 border-0 text-semibold color-bg-transparent color-fg-subtle" aria-controls="primary-mobile-78814-dropdown" aria-expanded="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-left mr-1"><path d="M9.78 12.78a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.47 8.53a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06l4.25-4.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042L6.06 8l3.72 3.72a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06Z"></path></svg>Back</button><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-start lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">AI & ML<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a><p class="mt-2 mb-0 color-fg-muted">Learn about artificial intelligence and machine learning across the GitHub ecosystem and the wider industry.</p></div> <ul class="border-top list-style-none"> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/generative-ai/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Generative AI</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Learn how to build with generative AI.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/github-copilot/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">GitHub Copilot</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Change how you work with GitHub Copilot.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/llms/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">LLMs</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Everything developers need to know about LLMs.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/machine-learning/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Machine learning</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Machine learning tips, tricks, and best practices.</p></li> </ul> </li> <li class="d-none"><div class="mb-4"><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/generative-ai/how-ai-code-generation-works/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-start lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">How AI code generation works</a><p class="mb-3 f5 color-fg-muted">Explore the capabilities and benefits of AI code generation and how it can improve your developer experience.</p><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/generative-ai/how-ai-code-generation-works/" target="" class="Link d-inline-flex flex-items-center">Learn more<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1" viewBox="0 0 12 12" width="12" height="12"><path d="M4.7 10c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1L6.9 6 4.2 3.3c-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1.3-.3.8-.3 1.1 0l3.3 3.2c.3.3.3.8 0 1.1L5.3 9.7c-.2.2-.4.3-.6.3Z"></path></svg></a></div></li> </ul> </li> <li class="mb-5"><a href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default js-toggle" aria-controls="primary-mobile-78819-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button">Developer skills<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right d-block mt-1 color-fg-subtle" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a> <ul aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Developer skills sub-menu" class="dropdown overflow-y-auto position-absolute top-0 left-0 right-0 bottom-0 flex-wrap p-5 list-style-none rounded-3 z-3 color-bg-default color-border-subtle" id="primary-mobile-78819-dropdown"> <li class="mb-5"><div class="mb-4"><button type="button" class="d-flex flex-items-center mb-4 p-0 border-0 text-semibold color-bg-transparent color-fg-subtle" aria-controls="primary-mobile-78819-dropdown" aria-expanded="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-left mr-1"><path d="M9.78 12.78a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.47 8.53a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06l4.25-4.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042L6.06 8l3.72 3.72a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06Z"></path></svg>Back</button><a href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-start lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">Developer skills<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a><p class="mt-2 mb-0 color-fg-muted">Resources for developers to grow in their skills and careers.</p></div> <ul class="border-top list-style-none"> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/application-development/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Application development</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Insights and best practices for building apps.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/career-growth/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Career growth</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Tips & tricks to grow as a professional developer.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/github/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">GitHub</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Improve how you use GitHub at work.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/github-education/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">GitHub Education</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Learn how to move into your first professional role.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/programming-languages-and-frameworks/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Programming languages & frameworks</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Stay current on what’s new (or new again).</p></li> </ul> </li> <li class="d-none"><div class="mb-4"><a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-start lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">Get started with GitHub documentation</a><p class="mb-3 f5 color-fg-muted">Learn how to start building, shipping, and maintaining software with GitHub.</p><a href="https://docs.github.com/en/get-started" target="" class="Link d-inline-flex flex-items-center">Learn more<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1" viewBox="0 0 12 12" width="12" height="12"><path d="M4.7 10c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1L6.9 6 4.2 3.3c-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1.3-.3.8-.3 1.1 0l3.3 3.2c.3.3.3.8 0 1.1L5.3 9.7c-.2.2-.4.3-.6.3Z"></path></svg></a></div></li> </ul> </li> <li class="mb-5"><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default js-toggle" aria-controls="primary-mobile-78825-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button">Engineering<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right d-block mt-1 color-fg-subtle" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a> <ul aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Engineering sub-menu" class="dropdown overflow-y-auto position-absolute top-0 left-0 right-0 bottom-0 flex-wrap p-5 list-style-none rounded-3 z-3 color-bg-default color-border-subtle" id="primary-mobile-78825-dropdown"> <li class="mb-5"><div class="mb-4"><button type="button" class="d-flex flex-items-center mb-4 p-0 border-0 text-semibold color-bg-transparent color-fg-subtle" aria-controls="primary-mobile-78825-dropdown" aria-expanded="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-left mr-1"><path d="M9.78 12.78a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.47 8.53a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06l4.25-4.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042L6.06 8l3.72 3.72a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06Z"></path></svg>Back</button><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-start lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">Engineering<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a><p class="mt-2 mb-0 color-fg-muted">Get an inside look at how we’re building the home for all developers.</p></div> <ul class="border-top list-style-none"> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/architecture-optimization/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Architecture & optimization</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Discover how we deliver a performant and highly available experience across the GitHub platform.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/engineering-principles/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Engineering principles</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Explore best practices for building software at scale with a majority remote team.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/infrastructure/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Infrastructure</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Get a glimpse at the technology underlying the world’s leading AI-powered developer platform.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/platform-security/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Platform security</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Learn how we build security into everything we do across the developer lifecycle.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/user-experience/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">User experience</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Find out what goes into making GitHub the home for all developers.</p></li> </ul> </li> <li class="d-none"><div class="mb-4"><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/how-we-use-github-to-be-more-productive-collaborative-and-secure/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-start lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">How we use GitHub to be more productive, collaborative, and secure</a><p class="mb-3 f5 color-fg-muted">Our engineering and security teams do some incredible work. Let’s take a look at how we use GitHub to be more productive, build collaboratively, and shift security left.</p><a href="https://github.blog/engineering/how-we-use-github-to-be-more-productive-collaborative-and-secure/" target="" class="Link d-inline-flex flex-items-center">Learn more<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1" viewBox="0 0 12 12" width="12" height="12"><path d="M4.7 10c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1L6.9 6 4.2 3.3c-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1.3-.3.8-.3 1.1 0l3.3 3.2c.3.3.3.8 0 1.1L5.3 9.7c-.2.2-.4.3-.6.3Z"></path></svg></a></div></li> </ul> </li> <li class="mb-5"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default js-toggle" aria-controls="primary-mobile-78832-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button">Enterprise software<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right d-block mt-1 color-fg-subtle" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a> <ul aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Enterprise software sub-menu" class="dropdown overflow-y-auto position-absolute top-0 left-0 right-0 bottom-0 flex-wrap p-5 list-style-none rounded-3 z-3 color-bg-default color-border-subtle" id="primary-mobile-78832-dropdown"> <li class="mb-5"><div class="mb-4"><button type="button" class="d-flex flex-items-center mb-4 p-0 border-0 text-semibold color-bg-transparent color-fg-subtle" aria-controls="primary-mobile-78832-dropdown" aria-expanded="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-left mr-1"><path d="M9.78 12.78a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.47 8.53a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06l4.25-4.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042L6.06 8l3.72 3.72a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06Z"></path></svg>Back</button><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-start lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">Enterprise software<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a><p class="mt-2 mb-0 color-fg-muted">Explore how to write, build, and deploy enterprise software at scale.</p></div> <ul class="border-top list-style-none"> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/automation/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Automation</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Automating your way to faster and more secure ships.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/ci-cd/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">CI/CD</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Guides on continuous integration and delivery.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/collaboration/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Collaboration</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Tips, tools, and tricks to improve developer collaboration.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/devops/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">DevOps</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">DevOps resources for enterprise engineering teams.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/devsecops/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">DevSecOps</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">How to integrate security into the SDLC.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/enterprise-software/governance-and-compliance/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Governance & compliance</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Ensuring your builds stay clean.</p></li> </ul> </li> <li class="d-none"><div class="mb-4"><a href="https://resources.github.com/artificial-intelligence/how-enterprise-engineering-teams-can-successfully-adopt-ai/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-start lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">How enterprise engineering teams can successfully adopt AI</a><p class="mb-3 f5 color-fg-muted">Learn how to bring AI to your engineering teams and maximize the value that you get from it.</p><a href="https://resources.github.com/artificial-intelligence/how-enterprise-engineering-teams-can-successfully-adopt-ai/" target="" class="Link d-inline-flex flex-items-center">Learn more<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1" viewBox="0 0 12 12" width="12" height="12"><path d="M4.7 10c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1L6.9 6 4.2 3.3c-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1.3-.3.8-.3 1.1 0l3.3 3.2c.3.3.3.8 0 1.1L5.3 9.7c-.2.2-.4.3-.6.3Z"></path></svg></a></div></li> </ul> </li> <li class="mb-5"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default js-toggle" aria-controls="primary-mobile-78840-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button">News & insights<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right d-block mt-1 color-fg-subtle" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a> <ul aria-hidden="true" aria-label="News & insights sub-menu" class="dropdown overflow-y-auto position-absolute top-0 left-0 right-0 bottom-0 flex-wrap p-5 list-style-none rounded-3 z-3 color-bg-default color-border-subtle" id="primary-mobile-78840-dropdown"> <li class="mb-5"><div class="mb-4"><button type="button" class="d-flex flex-items-center mb-4 p-0 border-0 text-semibold color-bg-transparent color-fg-subtle" aria-controls="primary-mobile-78840-dropdown" aria-expanded="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-left mr-1"><path d="M9.78 12.78a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.47 8.53a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06l4.25-4.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042L6.06 8l3.72 3.72a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06Z"></path></svg>Back</button><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-start lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">News & insights<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a><p class="mt-2 mb-0 color-fg-muted">Keep up with what’s new and notable from inside GitHub.</p></div> <ul class="border-top list-style-none"> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/company-news/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Company news</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">An inside look at news and product updates from GitHub.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/product-news/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Product</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">The latest on GitHub’s platform, products, and tools.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/octoverse/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Octoverse</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Insights into the state of open source on GitHub.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/policy-news-and-insights/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Policy</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">The latest policy and regulatory changes in software.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/research/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Research</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Data-driven insights around the developer ecosystem.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/news-insights/the-library/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">The library</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Older news and updates from GitHub.</p></li> </ul> </li> <li class="d-none"><div class="mb-4"><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/llms/unlocking-the-power-of-unstructured-data-with-rag/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-start lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">Unlocking the power of unstructured data with RAG</a><p class="mb-3 f5 color-fg-muted">Learn how to use retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) to capture more insights.</p><a href="https://github.blog/ai-and-ml/llms/unlocking-the-power-of-unstructured-data-with-rag/" target="" class="Link d-inline-flex flex-items-center">Learn more<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1" viewBox="0 0 12 12" width="12" height="12"><path d="M4.7 10c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1L6.9 6 4.2 3.3c-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1.3-.3.8-.3 1.1 0l3.3 3.2c.3.3.3.8 0 1.1L5.3 9.7c-.2.2-.4.3-.6.3Z"></path></svg></a></div></li> </ul> </li> <li class="mb-5"><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default js-toggle" aria-controls="primary-mobile-78848-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button">Open Source<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right d-block mt-1 color-fg-subtle" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a> <ul aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Open Source sub-menu" class="dropdown overflow-y-auto position-absolute top-0 left-0 right-0 bottom-0 flex-wrap p-5 list-style-none rounded-3 z-3 color-bg-default color-border-subtle" id="primary-mobile-78848-dropdown"> <li class="mb-5"><div class="mb-4"><button type="button" class="d-flex flex-items-center mb-4 p-0 border-0 text-semibold color-bg-transparent color-fg-subtle" aria-controls="primary-mobile-78848-dropdown" aria-expanded="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-left mr-1"><path d="M9.78 12.78a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.47 8.53a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06l4.25-4.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042L6.06 8l3.72 3.72a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06Z"></path></svg>Back</button><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-start lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">Open Source<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a><p class="mt-2 mb-0 color-fg-muted">Everything open source on GitHub.</p></div> <ul class="border-top list-style-none"> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/git/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Git</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">The latest Git updates.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/maintainers/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Maintainers</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Spotlighting open source maintainers.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/social-impact/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Social impact</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">How open source is driving positive change.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/gaming/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Gaming</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Explore open source games on GitHub.</p></li> </ul> </li> <li class="d-none"><div class="mb-4"><a href="https://resources.github.com/software-development/innersource/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-start lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">An introduction to innersource</a><p class="mb-3 f5 color-fg-muted">Organizations worldwide are incorporating open source methodologies into the way they build and ship their own software.</p><a href="https://resources.github.com/software-development/innersource/" target="" class="Link d-inline-flex flex-items-center">Learn more<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1" viewBox="0 0 12 12" width="12" height="12"><path d="M4.7 10c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1L6.9 6 4.2 3.3c-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1.3-.3.8-.3 1.1 0l3.3 3.2c.3.3.3.8 0 1.1L5.3 9.7c-.2.2-.4.3-.6.3Z"></path></svg></a></div></li> </ul> </li> <li class="mb-5"><a href="https://github.blog/security/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default js-toggle" aria-controls="primary-mobile-78859-dropdown" aria-expanded="false" aria-haspopup="true" role="button">Security<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right d-block mt-1 color-fg-subtle" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a> <ul aria-hidden="true" aria-label="Security sub-menu" class="dropdown overflow-y-auto position-absolute top-0 left-0 right-0 bottom-0 flex-wrap p-5 list-style-none rounded-3 z-3 color-bg-default color-border-subtle" id="primary-mobile-78859-dropdown"> <li class="mb-5"><div class="mb-4"><button type="button" class="d-flex flex-items-center mb-4 p-0 border-0 text-semibold color-bg-transparent color-fg-subtle" aria-controls="primary-mobile-78859-dropdown" aria-expanded="true"><svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-left mr-1"><path d="M9.78 12.78a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0L4.47 8.53a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06l4.25-4.25a.751.751 0 0 1 1.042.018.751.751 0 0 1 .018 1.042L6.06 8l3.72 3.72a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06Z"></path></svg>Back</button><a href="https://github.blog/security/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-start lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">Security<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-chevron-right ml-1 mt-1" role="presentation"><path d="M6.22 3.22a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06 0l4.25 4.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-4.25 4.25a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042L9.94 8 6.22 4.28a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.06Z"></path></svg></a><p class="mt-2 mb-0 color-fg-muted">Stay up to date on everything security.</p></div> <ul class="border-top list-style-none"> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/security/application-security/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Application security</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Application security, explained.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/security/supply-chain-security/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Supply chain security</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Demystifying supply chain security.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/security/vulnerability-research/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Vulnerability research</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Updates from the GitHub Security Lab.</p></li> <li class="mt-4"><a href="https://github.blog/security/web-application-security/" class="text-bold lh-condensed-ultra color-fg-default">Web application security</a><p class="mb-0 f5 color-fg-muted">Helpful tips on securing web applications.</p></li> </ul> </li> <li class="d-none"><div class="mb-4"><a href="https://resources.github.com/security/the-enterprise-guide-to-ai-powered-devsecops/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-start lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">The enterprise guide to AI-powered DevSecOps</a><p class="mb-3 f5 color-fg-muted">Learn about core challenges in DevSecOps, and how you can start addressing them with AI and automation.</p><a href="https://resources.github.com/security/the-enterprise-guide-to-ai-powered-devsecops/" target="" class="Link d-inline-flex flex-items-center">Learn more<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon d-block ml-1 mt-1" viewBox="0 0 12 12" width="12" height="12"><path d="M4.7 10c-.2 0-.4-.1-.5-.2-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1L6.9 6 4.2 3.3c-.3-.3-.3-.8 0-1.1.3-.3.8-.3 1.1 0l3.3 3.2c.3.3.3.8 0 1.1L5.3 9.7c-.2.2-.4.3-.6.3Z"></path></svg></a></div></li> </ul> </li> </ul><ul id="menu-secondary-navigation" class="pt-5 border-top list-style-none"><li class="mb-5"><a href="https://github.blog/changelog/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">Changelog</a></li> <li class="mb-5"><a href="https://docs.github.com/" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">Docs<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-link-external d-block mt-1 color-fg-subtle" role="presentation"><path d="M3.75 2h3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-3.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v8.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h8.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v3.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 12.25 14h-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 12.25v-8.5C2 2.784 2.784 2 3.75 2Zm6.854-1h4.146a.25.25 0 0 1 .25.25v4.146a.25.25 0 0 1-.427.177L13.03 4.03 9.28 7.78a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042l3.75-3.75-1.543-1.543A.25.25 0 0 1 10.604 1Z"></path></svg></a></li> <li class="mb-5"><a href="https://github.com/customer-stories" class="d-flex flex-items-center flex-justify-between lh-condensed-ultra text-bold color-fg-default">Customer stories<svg viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-link-external d-block mt-1 color-fg-subtle" role="presentation"><path d="M3.75 2h3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.5h-3.5a.25.25 0 0 0-.25.25v8.5c0 .138.112.25.25.25h8.5a.25.25 0 0 0 .25-.25v-3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0v3.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 12.25 14h-8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0 1 2 12.25v-8.5C2 2.784 2.784 2 3.75 2Zm6.854-1h4.146a.25.25 0 0 1 .25.25v4.146a.25.25 0 0 1-.427.177L13.03 4.03 9.28 7.78a.751.751 0 0 1-1.042-.018.751.751 0 0 1-.018-1.042l3.75-3.75-1.543-1.543A.25.25 0 0 1 10.604 1Z"></path></svg></a></li> </ul> <a data-analytics-click="Blog, click on button, text: Contact sales; ref_location:top nav;" class="d-block no-wrap my-3 btn-mktg btn-muted-mktg font-weight-semibold" href="https://github.com/enterprise/contact?ref_cta=contact%2520sales&ref_loc=banner&ref_page=blog" target="_blank">Contact sales</a> <a data-analytics-click="Blog, click on button, text: Try GitHub Copilot; ref_location:top nav;" class="d-block no-wrap btn-mktg font-weight-semibold" href="https://docs.github.com/en/copilot/quickstart?utm_source=github&utm_medium=blog&utm_campaign=topnav" target="_blank">Try GitHub Copilot</a> </div> </nav> </header> </div> <main id="start-of-content"> <header class="position-relative" data-color-mode="dark" data-light-theme="light" data-dark-theme="dark_dimmed"> <div class="container-xl p-responsive-blog"> <div class="gutter-spacious"> <div class="col-12 offset-lg-1 col-lg-10 col-xl-8 py-5 py-md-6 "> <div class="f5 mb-5 mb-md-8"><span><span><a class="Link--primary" href="https://github.blog/">Home</a></span> <span class="mx-2 opacity-5">/</span> <span><a class="Link--primary" href="https://github.blog/open-source/">Open Source</a></span> <span class="mx-2 opacity-5">/</span> <span><a class="Link--primary" href="https://github.blog/open-source/social-impact/">Social impact</a></span></span></div> <h1 class="h3-mktg lh-condensed mb-3 color-fg-default">Automating open source: How Ersilia distributes AI models to advance global health equity</h1> <div class="f4-mktg"> <p>Discover how the Ersilia Open Source Initiative accelerates drug discovery by using GitHub Actions to disseminate AI/ML models.</p> </div> </div> <div class="offset-lg-1 col-lg-10"> <div class="position-relative overflow-hidden rounded-2 z-1"> <svg aria-hidden="true" width="1032" height="548" class=" d-block width-full height-auto" role="presentation"></svg> <img width="1200" height="630" src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Collaboration-LightMode-2-1.png?resize=1200%2C630" class="d-block cover-image wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Collaboration-LightMode-2-1.png?w=1200 1200w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Collaboration-LightMode-2-1.png?w=300 300w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Collaboration-LightMode-2-1.png?w=768 768w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Collaboration-LightMode-2-1.png?w=1024 1024w" sizes="(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px" /> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="position-absolute bottom-0 width-full" style="background:#fff; height:80px;"></div> </header> <section class="container-xl mx-auto p-responsive-blog mt-4"> <div class="gutter-spacious"> <div class="col-12 offset-lg-1 col-lg-10"> <div class="d-lg-flex flex-justify-between flex-items-center"> <div class="mb-4 mb-lg-0"> <div class="mb-1"> <div class="d-flex flex-items-center mb-6px"> <span> <span class="text-bold"> <a href="https://github.blog/author/nicchoi29/" title="Posts by Nicole Choi" class="author url fn Link--primary no-wrap position-relative z-2" rel="author">Nicole Choi</a><span class="mx-2">·</span><a target="_blank" href="https://github.com/nicchoi29" class="Link--primary" aria-label="GitHub profile of nicchoi29">@nicchoi29</a> </span> </span> </div> </div> <div data-color-mode="auto" data-light-theme="light_tritanopia" class="d-flex flex-column flex-md-row text-mono color-fg-muted"> <time datetime="2024-08-15" class="d-block"> August 15, 2024 </time> <div class="d-flex flex-items-center mt-2 mt-md-0"> <span class="d-none d-md-block mx-3">|</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="mr-2"> <path fill="currentcolor" d="M8 0a8 8 0 1 1 0 16A8 8 0 0 1 8 0ZM1.5 8a6.5 6.5 0 1 0 13 0 6.5 6.5 0 0 0-13 0Zm7-3.25v2.992l2.028.812a.75.75 0 0 1-.557 1.392l-2.5-1A.751.751 0 0 1 7 8.25v-3.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.5 0Z"></path> </svg> 13 minutes </div> </div> </div> <ul class="list-style-none d-flex flex-items-center"> <li> <span class="text-semibold"> Share: </span> </li> <li class="ml-3"> <a href="https://x.com/share?text=Automating%20open%20source%3A%20How%20Ersilia%20distributes%20AI%20models%20to%20advance%20global%20health%20equity&url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.blog%2Fopen-source%2Fsocial-impact%2Fautomating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity%2F" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="d-flex flex-justify-center flex-items-center border circle px-2 py-2" aria-label="Share on X"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 1200 1227" width="10" height="10"> <path d="M714.163 519.284L1160.89 0H1055.03L667.137 450.887L357.328 0H0L468.492 681.821L0 1226.37H105.866L515.491 750.218L842.672 1226.37H1200L714.137 519.284H714.163ZM569.165 687.828L521.697 619.934L144.011 79.6944H306.615L611.412 515.685L658.88 583.579L1055.08 1150.3H892.476L569.165 687.854V687.828Z" fill="currentColor" /> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="ml-3"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?t=Automating%20open%20source%3A%20How%20Ersilia%20distributes%20AI%20models%20to%20advance%20global%20health%20equity&u=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.blog%2Fopen-source%2Fsocial-impact%2Fautomating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity%2F" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="d-flex flex-justify-center flex-items-center border circle px-2 py-2" aria-label="Share on Facebook"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 15.3 15.4" width="10" height="10"> <path d="M14.5 0H.8a.88.88 0 0 0-.8.9v13.6a.88.88 0 0 0 .8.9h7.3v-6h-2V7.1h2V5.4a2.87 2.87 0 0 1 2.5-3.1h.5a10.87 10.87 0 0 1 1.8.1v2.1h-1.3c-1 0-1.1.5-1.1 1.1v1.5h2.3l-.3 2.3h-2v5.9h3.9a.88.88 0 0 0 .9-.8V.8a.86.86 0 0 0-.8-.8z" fill="currentColor" /> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="ml-3"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?title=Automating%20open%20source%3A%20How%20Ersilia%20distributes%20AI%20models%20to%20advance%20global%20health%20equity&url=https%3A%2F%2Fgithub.blog%2Fopen-source%2Fsocial-impact%2Fautomating-open-source-how-ersilia-distributes-ai-models-to-advance-global-health-equity%2F" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="d-flex flex-justify-center flex-items-center border circle px-2 py-2" aria-label="Share on LinkedIn"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 18" width="10" height="10"> <path d="M3.94 2A2 2 0 1 1 2 0a2 2 0 0 1 1.94 2zM4 5.48H0V18h4zm6.32 0H6.34V18h3.94v-6.57c0-3.66 4.77-4 4.77 0V18H19v-7.93c0-6.17-7.06-5.94-8.72-2.91z" fill="currentColor" /> </svg> </a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="indigo-separator mt-4"></div> </div> </div> </section> <div class="container-xl mx-auto p-responsive-blog mt-4 mt-md-7 mb-7 mb-md-9"> <div class="d-flex flex-wrap flex-justify-center gutter-spacious"> <section class="col-12 col-md-8 col-lg-7 post__content post-79446 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-open-source category-social-impact tag-ersilia"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <html><body><p>Taking an <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-41512-2#:~:text=%241.3%20billion%20per%20drug">average of 10 years and $1.3 billion</a> to develop a single new medication, pharmaceutical companies often focus their drug discovery efforts on a high return on investment, developing drugs for diseases prevalent in high-income countries—and leaving lower- and middle-income countries behind.</p> <p>In response, investments in building AI/ML models for drug discovery have <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-41512-2#:~:text=with%20investments%20in%20AI/ML%20soaring%20in%20the%20last%20five%20years">soared in the last five years</a>. By using these models, scientists can shorten their research and development timeline by getting better at identifying drug prospects. However, access to these models is limited by data science expertise and computational resources.</p> <p>The nonprofit <a href="https://www.ersilia.io/">Ersilia Open Source Initiative</a> is tackling this problem with the <a href="https://github.com/ersilia-os/ersilia?tab=readme-ov-file">Ersilia Model Hub</a>.</p> <p>Through the hub, Ersilia aims to disseminate AI/ML models and computational power to researchers focused on drug discovery for infectious diseases in regions outside of Europe and North America.</p> <p>In this post, we’ll share how Ersilia and GitHub engineers built a self-service <a href="https://issue-ops.github.io/docs/">IssueOps</a> process to make AI/ML models in the hub publicly available, allowing researchers to find and run them for free on public repositories using <a href="https://docs.github.com/actions/learn-github-actions/understanding-github-actions">GitHub Actions</a>. 👇</p> <h2 id="ersilia-model-hub-what-it-is-and-who-uses-it" id="ersilia-model-hub-what-it-is-and-who-uses-it" >Ersilia Model Hub: What it is and who uses it<a href="#ersilia-model-hub-what-it-is-and-who-uses-it" class="heading-link pl-2 text-italic text-bold" aria-label="Ersilia Model Hub: What it is and who uses it"></a></h2> <p>Though largely overlooked by for-profit pharmaceutical companies, research on infectious diseases in low- and middle-income countries is ongoing. The hub taps into that research by serving as a curated collection of AI/ML models relevant to the discovery of antibiotic drugs.</p> <p>Through its platform, Ersilia helps to disseminate published findings and models, as well as their own, through public repositories on GitHub so undersourced researchers and institutions can use them for free to improve drug discovery in their respective countries.</p> <p>“At some point, I realized that there was a need for a new organization that was flexible enough to actually travel to different countries and institutions, identify their data science needs, which are often critically lacking, and develop some data science tools,” says Ersilia co-founder, <a href="https://github.com/miquelduranfrigola">Miquel Duran-Frigola</a>, PhD.</p> <p>That realization crystallized into Ersilia and the Ersilia Model Hub, which Duran-Frigola founded with two other biomedicine experts, <a href="https://github.com/gemmaturon">Gemma Turon</a>, PhD, and <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/edo-gaude-02283945/">Edo Gaude</a>, PhD.</p> <p>“The hub contains computational models, which are relatively very cheap to run compared to doing experiments in the laboratory,” Duran-Frigola says. “Researchers can create simulations using computational models to predict how a candidate molecule might treat a particular disease. That’s why these models are often good starting points to perform drug discovery research.”</p> <p>Currently, there are about 150 models in the Ersilia Model Hub.</p> <h3 id="who-uses-and-contributes-to-ersilia" id="who-uses-and-contributes-to-ersilia" >Who uses and contributes to Ersilia?<a href="#who-uses-and-contributes-to-ersilia" class="heading-link pl-2 text-italic text-bold" aria-label="Who uses and contributes to Ersilia?"></a></h3> <p>Most of the contributors who add models to the hub are data scientists and software developers, while most who run those models are researchers in biomedicine and drug discovery at institutions in various countries throughout Sub-Saharan Africa. Over the next two years, Ersilia aims to establish the hub in 15 institutions throughout Africa.</p> <p>Ersilia’s biggest partner is the University of Cape Town’s <a href="https://h3d.uct.ac.za/about-h3d/vision-and-mission">Holistic Drug Discovery and Development (H3D) Centre</a> (H3D) Centre. Founded in 2010 as Africa’s first integrated drug discovery and development center, H3D researchers use the data science tools disseminated by the Ersilia Model Hub to advance innovative drug discovery across the African continent.</p> <p>Ersilia is also partnering with emerging research centers, such as the <a href="https://www.ub-cedd.org/">University of Buea’s Center for Drug Discovery</a> in Cameroon. A fellowship from the <a href="https://gcgh.grandchallenges.org/article/fidele-ntie-kang">Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation</a> provided the center with the seed funding it needed to start in 2022, and today it has 25 members.</p> <p>“The center aims to discover new medicines based on natural products collected from traditional healers, but it doesn’t have a lot of resources yet,” explains Duran-Frigola. “The idea is that our tool will become a core component of the center so its researchers can benefit from computational predictions.”</p> <h3 id="how-the-ersilia-model-hub-works" id="how-the-ersilia-model-hub-works" >How the Ersilia Model Hub works<a href="#how-the-ersilia-model-hub-works" class="heading-link pl-2 text-italic text-bold" aria-label="How the Ersilia Model Hub works"></a></h3> <p>Contributors can request a model be added to the hub by opening an issue.</p> <p>The vast majority of models are open source, all are publicly available, and most are submitted and pulled from scientific literature. For example, biochemists at the David Braley Centre for Antibiotic Discovery created an ML model to predict <a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41589-023-01349-8">how likely a chemical compound will inhibit the activity of Acinetobacter baumannii</a>, a pathogen often transmitted in healthcare settings and known for its resistance to multiple antibiotics.</p> <p>But Ersilia develops some models in-house, like one that predicts the <a href="https://github.com/ersilia-os/eos9ivc">efficacy of chemicals against lab-grown Mycobacterium tuberculosis</a> (<em>M. tuberculosis</em>), using data from Seattle Children’s Hospital. <em>M. tuberculosis</em> is the agent that causes tuberculosis, an infectious disease that primarily affects individuals in low- and middle-income countries.</p> <p>While the Ersilia team manually approves which models enter the hub, it uses GitHub Actions to streamline requests and solicit the following information from model contributors:</p> <ul> <li>The model’s schema (what input is expected and what output will be returned).</li> <li>Open source license information.</li> <li>Whether the model can run on CPUs or GPUs. </li> <li>Link to model’s open source code.</li> <li>Link to publication (either peer-reviewed or preprint).</li> <li>Labels to describe the model’s use case, with tags like malaria, classification, regression, unsupervised, or supervised.</li> </ul> <p>When Ersilia approves the model, the contributor submits a pull request that triggers a set of tests. If all those tests are successful, GitHub Actions merges the pull request and the model is incorporated into the hub.</p> <p><a href="https://github.com/lehcar">Rachel Stanik</a>, a software engineer at GitHub, breaks down the steps to adding an AI model to the Ersilia Model Hub:</p> <div class="mod-yt position-relative" style="height: 0; padding-bottom: calc((9 / 16)*100%);"> <iframe loading="lazy" class="position-absolute top-0 left-0 width-full height-full" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/I7dYI4ZF7Q0?feature=oembed" title="YouTube video player" allow="accelerometer; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture" allowfullscreen="" frameborder="0"></iframe> </div> <p>From the user side, researchers interested in drug discovery can fetch static and ready-to-use AI/ML models from the hub and contained in public repositories, input candidate molecules, and then receive predictions that indicate how well the candidate molecule performs against a specific disease—all online and for free. The self-service process contains <a href="https://github.com/ersilia-os/ersilia-self-service?tab=readme-ov-file#-note-on-privacy">an important note on privacy</a>, disclosing that any activity on the repository is open and available to the general public—which includes those predictions, stored as actions artifacts.</p> <p>“Right now, Ersilia is focused on information and tool dissemination,” says Duran-Frigola. “For the future, we’re working on providing a metric of confidence for the models. And, with a bigger user base, Ersilia could aggregate inputs to capture the candidate molecules that people are testing against infectious diseases.”</p> <p>Using an aggregation of candidate molecules, researchers could glean which drugs are available in certain countries and experiment with repurposing those drugs to fight against other microbes. The information could help them to treat neglected diseases without having to develop a new drug from scratch.</p> <aside class="p-4 p-md-6 post-aside--large"><p class="h5-mktg gh-aside-title">Stay smart</p><p>Ersilia applies verification code against input data when configuring the model so that it’s valid and will deliver an expected output. The verification process is a work in progress though, so it’s important to remember that model outputs are an indicator that a molecule might work, not confirmation.</p> </aside> <h2 id="how-github-built-a-self-service-process-for-the-ersilia-model-hub" id="how-github-built-a-self-service-process-for-the-ersilia-model-hub" >How GitHub built a self-service process for the Ersilia Model Hub<a href="#how-github-built-a-self-service-process-for-the-ersilia-model-hub" class="heading-link pl-2 text-italic text-bold" aria-label="How GitHub built a self-service process for the Ersilia Model Hub"></a></h2> <p>Before reaching out to GitHub, researchers couldn’t independently access or run the models in the hub.</p> <p>GitHub customer success architect, <a href="https://github.com/jmassardo">Jenna Massardo</a>, and social impact engineer, <a href="https://github.com/seanmarcia">Sean Marcia</a>, who’s also the founder of the nonprofit <a href="https://rubyforgood.org/">Ruby For Good</a>, worked with Ersilia to fix that by creating a self-service process for the hub. GitHub’s <a href="https://github.com/github/SI-skills-based-volunteering">Skills-Based Volunteer program</a>, run by <a href="https://github.com/social-impact">GitHub’s Social Impact team</a>, organized the opportunity. The program partners employees with social sector organizations for a period of time to help solve strategic and technical problems.</p> <h3 id="creating-an-issueops-process" id="creating-an-issueops-process" >Creating an IssueOps process<a href="#creating-an-issueops-process" class="heading-link pl-2 text-italic text-bold" aria-label="Creating an IssueOps process"></a></h3> <p>Massardo and Marcia’s first step in problem-solving was understanding and learning how the software works: How would a researcher share information? What kind of outputs should a researcher expect?</p> <p>“I had them walk me through the process of setting up and using the Ersilia Model Hub on my workstation. It was only once it was running on my workstation, where I could actually test it and do the process myself, that I began to pick it apart,” Massardo says.</p> <p>Massardo and Marcia then broke the phases into pieces: How would a researcher make a request to use a model? How would the model process the researcher’s input data? How would that input be handled? What notifications would researchers get?</p> <p>Massardo and Marcia decided to bring in a standard IssueOps pattern, which uses GitHub issues to drive automation with GitHub Actions.</p> <p>“It’s a super common pattern. A lot of our internal tooling at GitHub is built on it, like some of our migration tooling for our enterprise customers,” Massardo explains. She quickly ruled out using a <a href="https://docs.github.com/pull-requests/collaborating-with-pull-requests/proposing-changes-to-your-work-with-pull-requests/about-pull-requests">pull request flow</a>, where collaborators propose changes to the source code.</p> <p>“People are contributing to the repository but they’re not actually making code changes. They’re just adding files for processing,” Massardo says. “Using pull requests would have meant a lot of noise in the repository’s history. But issues are perfect for this sort of thing.”</p> <p>Once a plan was set in place, Massardo began to build while Marcia kept the collaboration running smoothly.</p> <p>Researchers, biologists, and even students can now use the self-service process by simply going to the hub, creating an issue, filling out the template, and submitting it. Note, the template requires users to select the model they want to run and input candidate molecule(s) in standard <a href="https://archive.epa.gov/med/med_archive_03/web/html/smiles.html">SMILES format</a> (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System), a computer-readable format to represent complex molecules and text.</p> <p class="has-image"><img data-recalc-dims="1" decoding="async" src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/issues-template.png?w=1024&resize=1024%2C708" alt="The GitHub issues template that powers the Ersilia Model Hub's self-service process is shown on a screen in dark mode." width="1024" height="708" class="aligncenter size-large wp-image-79450 width-fit" loading="lazy" srcset="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/issues-template.png?w=1600 1600w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/issues-template.png?w=300 300w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/issues-template.png?w=768 768w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/issues-template.png?w=1024 1024w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/08/issues-template.png?w=1536 1536w" sizes="(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px" /></p> <h3 id="setting-up-a-github-actions-workflow" id="setting-up-a-github-actions-workflow" >Setting up a GitHub Actions workflow<a href="#setting-up-a-github-actions-workflow" class="heading-link pl-2 text-italic text-bold" aria-label="Setting up a GitHub Actions workflow"></a></h3> <p>Originally, Ersilia wanted to build a custom GitHub Action, but Massardo—someone who’s written multiple custom actions used internally and externally—knew that it comes with a fair amount of maintenance.</p> <p>“There’s a lot of code you’re writing on your own, and that means you have to manage a bunch of dependencies and security updates,” Massardo says. “At that point, it becomes a full application.”</p> <p>Understanding the problem as a series of individual tasks allowed her to scope an effective and cost-efficient solution.</p> <p>“We created a series of simple workflows using readily available actions from GitHub Marketplace and just let GitHub Actions do its thing,” Massardo says. “By understanding Ersilia’s actual desires and needs, we avoided overcomplicating and obfuscating the issue.”</p> <p>When a researcher files an issue to run a candidate molecule through a model, it triggers a GitHub Actions workflow to run. Here’s a look at the process:</p> <ol> <li>GitHub Actions spins up a <a href="https://docs.github.com/actions/using-github-hosted-runners/about-github-hosted-runners/about-github-hosted-runners#overview-of-github-hosted-runners">GitHub-hosted runner</a> to execute the workflow.</li> <li>The <a href="https://github.com/marketplace/actions/github-issue-forms-body-parser">GitHub Issue Forms Body Parser</a> action, parses the content out of the issue and translates it from Markdown into structured, usable data.</li> <li>The workflow fetches the user-requested model and then triggers Ersilia’s software to run.</li> <li>Ersilia’s software configures the model, and the user-provided input is put into a file that the model can process. </li> <li>Ersilia’s software then generates a CSV output, saved as an artifact in GitHub Actions.</li> <li>The workflow lets the user know that it was successfully completed by leaving a comment in the open issue, which includes a link to the artifact that the user can click to download. </li> <li>This particular workflow has a 30-day retention period, so five days before the artifact expires, <a href="https://github.com/actions/stale">stale bot</a> notifies users to download the output. After 30 days, stale bot automatically closes the issue.</li> </ol> <p>“Everything happens right on GitHub,” Massardo explains. “The user doesn’t have to worry about anything. They just submit the issue, and Ersilia’s workflow processes it and lets them know when everything’s done. Importantly, the Ersilia staff, who are busy running the nonprofit, don’t have to do any maintenance.”</p> <h3 id="using-docker-containers-to-run-ai-models-on-github-runners" id="using-docker-containers-to-run-ai-models-on-github-runners" >Using Docker containers to run AI models on GitHub runners<a href="#using-docker-containers-to-run-ai-models-on-github-runners" class="heading-link pl-2 text-italic text-bold" aria-label="Using Docker containers to run AI models on GitHub runners"></a></h3> <p>To streamline the process of creating model images, Ersilia uses a <a href="https://github.com/ersilia-os/ersilia/tree/master/dockerfiles">Dockerfile template</a>. When a researcher submits a new model to the hub, Ersilia copies the template to the model’s repository, which kicks off the Docker image build for that model—a process that’s powered by GitHub-hosted runners. Once built, the model image lives in the hub and researchers can run it as many times as needed. A model can also be rebuilt if fixes are needed later.</p> <p>The models in the hub are available in public repositories, where <a href="https://docs.github.com/billing/managing-billing-for-github-actions/about-billing-for-github-actions#about-billing-for-github-actions">GitHub Actions runs at no cost</a>. When researchers use the self-service process, GitHub Actions runs these Docker images on GitHub’s runners for free, which in turn allows researchers to run these models for free. Models in the hub are also designed and optimized to run on CPUs so that researchers can run the models locally on their machines, making them more accessible to the global scientific community.</p> <p>The models aren’t very large, explains Ersilia CTO, <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/in/dhanshreea/">Dhanshree Arora</a>, because they’re built for very specific use cases. “We’re actively working to reduce the size of our model images, so they use less network resources when transferred across machines, occupy less space on the machine where they run, and enable faster spin-up times for the containers created from these model images,” Arora says.</p> <p>The ability to package these models as Docker containers also means that researchers can collaborate more easily, as the models run in consistent and reproducible environments.</p> <h3 id="automating-daily-model-fetching" id="automating-daily-model-fetching" >Automating daily model fetching<a href="#automating-daily-model-fetching" class="heading-link pl-2 text-italic text-bold" aria-label="Automating daily model fetching"></a></h3> <p>When researchers file an issue to use a model, they see a list of available models. That list is updated every day by a workflow that Massardo built using GitHub Actions and some custom code.</p> <p>Every day, the workflow:</p> <ol> <li>Fetches the file containing the list of models managed by the Ersilia team. The file is automatically updated whenever the team modifies or deprecates a model, or adds a new model.</li> <li>Runs a Python script to process the file and pull out data that captures new, updated, or deprecated models.</li> <li>Updates the list of models in the issues template with the extracted data.</li> </ol> <p>“This is another example of how we built this process to be as hands-off as possible while still making it as easy as possible for researchers to actually use the tool,” Massardo says.</p> <h2 id="ersilia-wants-your-contributions" id="ersilia-wants-your-contributions" >Ersilia wants your contributions<a href="#ersilia-wants-your-contributions" class="heading-link pl-2 text-italic text-bold" aria-label="Ersilia wants your contributions"></a></h2> <p>Ersilia has grown an open source community of contributors and users, and believes that everything it does needs to continue to be open source. It was initially drawn to GitHub Actions because it’s free to use in public repositories. After witnessing the impact of GitHub Actions on the model hub, Duran-Frigola wants to identify more use cases.</p> <p>“I want to find creative ways to use GitHub Actions, beyond CI/CD, to help more researchers use our tools,” he says.</p> <p>He also wants Ersilia’s many interns to practice using GitHub Copilot and gain hands-on experience with using AI coding tools that are changing the landscape of software development.</p> <h3 id="3-tips-for-contributing-to-open-source-projects-from-a-hubber" id="3-tips-for-contributing-to-open-source-projects-from-a-hubber" >3 tips for contributing to open source projects, from a Hubber<a href="#3-tips-for-contributing-to-open-source-projects-from-a-hubber" class="heading-link pl-2 text-italic text-bold" aria-label="3 tips for contributing to open source projects, from a Hubber"></a></h3> <p>➡️ Read Massardo’s three tips for contributing to open source projects, <a href="https://github.com/ersilia-os/ersilia/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md">Ersilia’s contributions guidelines</a>, then start engaging with GitHub’s open source community.</p> <ol> <li><strong>Find a project that interests you</strong>. Working on a project that’s personally interesting generally means you’ll stick with it and not get bored.</li> <li><strong>Look through the issues in a project’s repository to find something that you can fix or add</strong>. A lot of projects use the <code>good first issue</code> label to identify things that newcomers can tackle.</li> <li><strong>Be prepared to iterate</strong>. Some project owners require several smaller contributions before they’ll entertain a larger product change. Some folks are in different parts of the world so you may need to rewrite things to be more clear. If you’re thinking about a major change to a project, open an issue to discuss it with the owners first because they might have a different vision. </li> </ol> <aside class="p-4 p-md-6 post-aside--large"><p class="h5-mktg gh-aside-title">How to contribute to an open source project</p><p>Open source projects need both technical and non-code contributions. Check out our guides for lending your <a href="https://docs.github.com/get-started/exploring-projects-on-github/finding-ways-to-contribute-to-open-source-on-github">technical skills</a> and offering <a href="https://github.com/readme/featured/open-source-non-code-contributions">valuable non-code contributions</a>.</p> </aside> <h3 id="contribute-to-another-nonprofit-using-for-good-first-issue" id="contribute-to-another-nonprofit-using-for-good-first-issue" >Contribute to another nonprofit using For Good First Issue<a href="#contribute-to-another-nonprofit-using-for-good-first-issue" class="heading-link pl-2 text-italic text-bold" aria-label="Contribute to another nonprofit using For Good First Issue"></a></h3> <p><a href="https://medium.com/ersiliaio/ersilia-becomes-a-digital-public-good-64fb2e8bb72c">Ersilia was recently designated as a Digital Public Good</a> (DPG) by the United Nations. DPGs are open source solutions—ranging from open source software and data to AI systems and content collections—that are designed to unlock a more equitable world. DPGs are freely accessible, intended to be used and improved by anyone to benefit the public, and they’re designed to address a societal challenge and promote sustainable development.</p> <p>If you’re inspired by Ersilia and want to contribute to more DPGs, check out GitHub’s <a href="https://forgoodfirstissue.github.com/">For Good First Issue</a>, a curated list of recognized DPGs that need contributors.</p> <p>For Good First Issue is designed as a tool for nonprofits to connect with technologists around the world. As nonprofits often lack funding and resources to solve society’s challenges through technology, For Good First Issue can connect nonprofits that need support with the people who want to make positive change.</p> <h4 id="more-reading-on-ersilia-github-actions-and-for-good-first-issue" id="more-reading-on-ersilia-github-actions-and-for-good-first-issue" >More reading on Ersilia, GitHub Actions, and For Good First Issue<a href="#more-reading-on-ersilia-github-actions-and-for-good-first-issue" class="heading-link pl-2 text-italic text-bold" aria-label="More reading on Ersilia, GitHub Actions, and For Good First Issue"></a></h4> <ul> <li><a href="https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-024-01001-y">AI can help to tailor drugs for Africa—but Africans should lead the way</a></li> <li><a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsmedchemlett.4c00243">Ongoing implementation and prospective validation of artificial intelligence/machine learning tools at an African drug discovery center</a></li> <li><a href="https://github.blog/2023-11-21-for-good-first-issue-introducing-a-new-way-to-contribute/">For Good First Issue: Introducing a new way to contribute</a> </li> <li><a href="https://docs.github.com/actions/learn-github-actions/understanding-github-actions">Understanding GitHub Actions</a></li> </ul> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"229f494c49","applicationID":"177966165","transactionName":"NgFSYBZXCxJTUEVfCQ9LcVcQXwoPHUBYWAENAQ==","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":291,"atts":"GkZFFl5NGE0QUhMMHRwZ","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body></html> <section class="my-6 my-md-8 mt-md-0"> <hr class="post-tags-separator border-0 mt-0 mb-2" /> <div class="d-flex flex-items-start"> <h2 class="text-mono f4-mktg py-1 mr-3">Tags:</h2> <ul class="d-flex flex-wrap px-0 my-0 list-style-none post-tags"> <li class="my-0"> <a href="https://github.blog/tag/ersilia/" class="d-block border py-2 px-3 f5 lh-condensed-ultra text-semibold Link--primary" rel="tag"> Ersilia </a> </li> </ul> </div> </section> <div class="mt-8 mb-8 mb-md-0"> <h2 class="h5-mktg"> Written by </h2> <div class="gradient-separator mt-3 mb-4"></div> <article class="author-bio mb-5 mb-md-4"> <div class="author-bio__content"> <div class="author-bio__avatar"> <picture> <source srcset="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/121124774?v=4&s=200" width="120" height="120" media="(min-width: 768px)" /> <img class="d-block circle" src="https://avatars.githubusercontent.com/u/121124774?v=4&s=200" alt="Nicole Choi" width="80" height="80" loading="lazy" decoding="async" > </picture> </div> <header class="author-bio__header"> <h3 class="f3-mktg text-bold mb-1"> <a href="https://github.blog/author/nicchoi29/" class="Link--primary color-fg-default">Nicole Choi</a> </h3> <p class="mb-0 f4 lh-condensed"> <a href="https://github.com/nicchoi29" target="_blank">@nicchoi29</a> </p> </header> </div> </article> </div> </section> <aside id="sidebar" class="col-12 col-md-4 col-lg-3 post__sidebar" aria-label="Sidebar"> <section aria-label="Tags"> <ul class="d-none d-md-flex flex-items-start flex-wrap list-style-none mt-4 mt-md-0 mb-6 mb-md-8 post-tags"> <li class="my-0"> <a href="https://github.blog/tag/ersilia/" class="d-block border py-2 px-3 f5 lh-condensed-ultra text-semibold Link--primary" rel="tag"> Ersilia </a> </li> </ul> </section> <div class="position-sticky top-md-scroll"> <div class="d-none d-md-block"> <nav aria-labelledby="table-of-contents-title" class="mb-8 table-of-contents"> <h2 id="table-of-contents-title" class="h5-mktg aside-heading pb-3 border-bottom color-border-muted mb-3">Table of Contents</h2> <ul class="list-style-none table-of-contents"> <li class="position-relative mt-2"> <a class="d-block f5-mktg text-semibold Link--primary px-3 py-2 rounded-3" href="#ersilia-model-hub-what-it-is-and-who-uses-it"> <div class="mb-2px">Ersilia Model Hub: What it is and who uses it</div> </a> </li> <li class="position-relative mt-2"> <a class="d-block f5-mktg text-semibold Link--primary px-3 py-2 rounded-3" href="#how-github-built-a-self-service-process-for-the-ersilia-model-hub"> <div class="mb-2px">How GitHub built a self-service process for the Ersilia Model Hub</div> </a> </li> <li class="position-relative mt-2"> <a class="d-block f5-mktg text-semibold Link--primary px-3 py-2 rounded-3" href="#ersilia-wants-your-contributions"> <div class="mb-2px">Ersilia wants your contributions</div> </a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> </div> </aside> </div> </div> <section class="container-xl p-responsive-blog mx-auto mt-12 mb-8"> <h2 class="h5-mktg mb-4 mb-lg-7 pb-3 border-bottom color-border-subtle"> Related posts </h2> <div class="post-columns post-columns--3-3"> <article class="color-border-muted card"> <div class="d-flex flex-column"> <div class="d-block col-12 position-relative rounded-2 mb-3 overflow-hidden tease-thumbnail" target="_self"> <svg aria-hidden="true" width="1032" height="548" class="width-full height-auto d-block" role="presentation"></svg> <img width="400" height="212" src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/game-off-og.png?resize=400%2C212" class="d-block cover-image tease-thumbnail__img wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/game-off-og.png?w=300 300w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/game-off-og.png?w=800 800w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/game-off-og.png?w=400 400w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/game-off-og.png?w=1032 1032w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/game-off-og.png?w=516 516w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/game-off-og.png?zoom=3&resize=400%2C212 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /> </div> <div class="mb-1"><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/gaming/" class="f5-mktg text-gradient-purple-coral text-bold pb-1 position-relative z-2">Gaming</a></div> <h3 class="h6-mktg mb-2"> <a class="Link--primary card__link" href="https://github.blog/open-source/game-off-2024-theme-announcement/" target="_self"> Game Off 2024 theme announcement </a> </h3> <div class="f4-mktg color-fg-muted"> <p>GitHub’s annual month-long game jam, where creativity knows no limits! Throughout November, dive into your favorite game engines, libraries, and programming languages to bring your wildest game ideas to life. Whether you’re a seasoned dev or just getting started, it’s all about having fun and making something awesome!</p> </div> <footer> <div class="d-flex flex-items-center mb-6px"> <span> <span class="text-bold"> <a href="https://github.blog/author/leereilly/" title="Posts by Lee Reilly" class="author url fn Link--primary no-wrap position-relative z-2" rel="author">Lee Reilly</a> </span> </span> </div> </footer> </div> </article> <article class="color-border-muted card"> <div class="d-flex flex-column"> <div class="d-block col-12 position-relative rounded-2 mb-3 overflow-hidden tease-thumbnail" target="_self"> <svg aria-hidden="true" width="1032" height="548" class="width-full height-auto d-block" role="presentation"></svg> <img width="400" height="212" src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/image3.png?resize=400%2C212" class="d-block cover-image tease-thumbnail__img wp-post-image" alt="Orange banner that says git 2.47 is here!" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/image3.png?w=300 300w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/image3.png?w=1600 1600w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/image3.png?w=800 800w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/image3.png?w=400 400w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/image3.png?w=1032 1032w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/image3.png?w=516 516w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/image3.png?zoom=3&resize=400%2C212 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /> </div> <div class="mb-1"><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/git/" class="f5-mktg text-gradient-purple-coral text-bold pb-1 position-relative z-2">Git</a></div> <h3 class="h6-mktg mb-2"> <a class="Link--primary card__link" href="https://github.blog/open-source/git/highlights-from-git-2-47/" target="_self"> Highlights from Git 2.47 </a> </h3> <div class="f4-mktg color-fg-muted"> <p>Git 2.47 is here, with features like incremental multi-pack indexes and more. Check out our coverage of some of the highlights here.</p> </div> <footer> <div class="d-flex flex-items-center mb-6px"> <span> <span class="text-bold"> <a href="https://github.blog/author/ttaylorr/" title="Posts by Taylor Blau" class="author url fn Link--primary no-wrap position-relative z-2" rel="author">Taylor Blau</a> </span> </span> </div> </footer> </div> </article> <article class="color-border-muted card"> <div class="d-flex flex-column"> <div class="d-block col-12 position-relative rounded-2 mb-3 overflow-hidden tease-thumbnail" target="_self"> <svg aria-hidden="true" width="1032" height="548" class="width-full height-auto d-block" role="presentation"></svg> <img width="400" height="212" src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/open-source-zone.png?resize=400%2C212" class="d-block cover-image tease-thumbnail__img wp-post-image" alt="" decoding="async" loading="lazy" srcset="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/open-source-zone.png?w=300 300w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/open-source-zone.png?w=800 800w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/open-source-zone.png?w=400 400w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/open-source-zone.png?w=1032 1032w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/open-source-zone.png?w=516 516w, https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/open-source-zone.png?zoom=3&resize=400%2C212 1200w" sizes="(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px" /> </div> <div class="mb-1"><a href="https://github.blog/open-source/" class="f5-mktg text-gradient-purple-coral text-bold pb-1 position-relative z-2">Open Source</a></div> <h3 class="h6-mktg mb-2"> <a class="Link--primary card__link" href="https://github.blog/open-source/10-projects-in-the-open-source-zone-at-github-universe-2024/" target="_self"> Leading the way: 10 projects in the Open Source Zone at GitHub Universe 2024 </a> </h3> <div class="f4-mktg color-fg-muted"> <p>Let’s take a closer look at some of the stars of the Open Source Zone at GitHub Universe 2024 🔎</p> </div> <footer> <div class="d-flex flex-items-center mb-6px"> <span> <span class="text-bold"> <a href="https://github.blog/author/leereilly/" title="Posts by Lee Reilly" class="author url fn Link--primary no-wrap position-relative z-2" rel="author">Lee Reilly</a> </span> </span> </div> </footer> </div> </article> </div> </section> <aside class="container-xl p-responsive-blog mx-auto mb-12"> <h2 class="h5-mktg border-bottom pb-3"> Explore more from GitHub </h2> <div class="d-flex flex-wrap ml-md-n4"> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-3 d-flex mt-4 mt-lg-6 pl-md-4"> <div class="rounded-3 color-bg-subtle d-flex flex-column flex-items-start width-full p-5 f4-mktg color-fg-muted"> <img src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Icon-Circle.svg" width="44" height="44" class="width-auto d-block mb-3" alt="Docs"/> <h3 class="f3-mktg text-bold color-fg-default mb-3"> Docs </h3> <div class="mb-auto"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <html><body><p>Everything you need to master GitHub, all in one place.</p> </body></html> </div> <div class="mt-7"> <a data-analytics-click="Blog, click on module, text: Go to Docs; ref_location:bottom recirculation;" href="https://docs.github.com/" class="text-semibold arrow-target-mktg Link--primary" target="_blank" aria-label="Go to Docs"> Go to Docs <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-link-external ml-1"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M10.604 1h4.146a.25.25 0 01.25.25v4.146a.25.25 0 01-.427.177L13.03 4.03 9.28 7.78a.75.75 0 01-1.06-1.06l3.75-3.75-1.543-1.543A.25.25 0 0110.604 1zM3.75 2A1.75 1.75 0 002 3.75v8.5c0 .966.784 1.75 1.75 1.75h8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0014 12.25v-3.5a.75.75 0 00-1.5 0v3.5a.25.25 0 01-.25.25h-8.5a.25.25 0 01-.25-.25v-8.5a.25.25 0 01.25-.25h3.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.5z"></path></svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-3 d-flex mt-4 mt-lg-6 pl-md-4"> <div class="rounded-3 color-bg-subtle d-flex flex-column flex-items-start width-full p-5 f4-mktg color-fg-muted"> <img src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Icon_95220f.svg" width="44" height="44" class="width-auto d-block mb-3" alt="GitHub"/> <h3 class="f3-mktg text-bold color-fg-default mb-3"> GitHub </h3> <div class="mb-auto"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <html><body><p>Build what’s next on GitHub, the place for anyone from anywhere to build anything.</p> </body></html> </div> <div class="mt-7"> <a data-analytics-click="Blog, click on module, text: Start building; ref_location:bottom recirculation;" href="https://github.blog/developer-skills/github/" class="text-semibold arrow-target-mktg Link--primary" target="_blank" aria-label="Start building"> Start building <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon arrow-symbol-mktg" width="16" height="16" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="none"><path fill="currentColor" d="M7.28033 3.21967C6.98744 2.92678 6.51256 2.92678 6.21967 3.21967C5.92678 3.51256 5.92678 3.98744 6.21967 4.28033L7.28033 3.21967ZM11 8L11.5303 8.53033C11.8232 8.23744 11.8232 7.76256 11.5303 7.46967L11 8ZM6.21967 11.7197C5.92678 12.0126 5.92678 12.4874 6.21967 12.7803C6.51256 13.0732 6.98744 13.0732 7.28033 12.7803L6.21967 11.7197ZM6.21967 4.28033L10.4697 8.53033L11.5303 7.46967L7.28033 3.21967L6.21967 4.28033ZM10.4697 7.46967L6.21967 11.7197L7.28033 12.7803L11.5303 8.53033L10.4697 7.46967Z"></path><path class="octicon-chevrow-stem" stroke="currentColor" d="M1.75 8H11" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round"></path></svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-3 d-flex mt-4 mt-lg-6 pl-md-4"> <div class="rounded-3 color-bg-subtle d-flex flex-column flex-items-start width-full p-5 f4-mktg color-fg-muted"> <img src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/07/Icon_da43dc.svg" width="44" height="44" class="width-auto d-block mb-3" alt="Customer stories"/> <h3 class="f3-mktg text-bold color-fg-default mb-3"> Customer stories </h3> <div class="mb-auto"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <html><body><p>Meet the companies and engineering teams that build with GitHub.</p> </body></html> </div> <div class="mt-7"> <a data-analytics-click="Blog, click on module, text: Learn more; ref_location:bottom recirculation;" href="https://github.com/customer-stories" class="text-semibold arrow-target-mktg Link--primary" target="_blank" aria-label="Learn more"> Learn more <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-link-external ml-1"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M10.604 1h4.146a.25.25 0 01.25.25v4.146a.25.25 0 01-.427.177L13.03 4.03 9.28 7.78a.75.75 0 01-1.06-1.06l3.75-3.75-1.543-1.543A.25.25 0 0110.604 1zM3.75 2A1.75 1.75 0 002 3.75v8.5c0 .966.784 1.75 1.75 1.75h8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0014 12.25v-3.5a.75.75 0 00-1.5 0v3.5a.25.25 0 01-.25.25h-8.5a.25.25 0 01-.25-.25v-8.5a.25.25 0 01.25-.25h3.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.5z"></path></svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="col-12 col-md-6 col-lg-3 d-flex mt-4 mt-lg-6 pl-md-4"> <div class="rounded-3 color-bg-subtle d-flex flex-column flex-items-start width-full p-5 f4-mktg color-fg-muted"> <img src="https://github.blog/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Icon.svg" width="44" height="44" class="width-auto d-block mb-3" alt="GitHub Universe 2024"/> <h3 class="f3-mktg text-bold color-fg-default mb-3"> GitHub Universe 2024 </h3> <div class="mb-auto"> <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/loose.dtd"> <html><body><p>Get tickets to the 10th anniversary of our global developer event on AI, DevEx, and security.</p> </body></html> </div> <div class="mt-7"> <a data-analytics-click="Blog, click on module, text: Get tickets; ref_location:bottom recirculation;" href="https://githubuniverse.com/?utm_source=Blog&utm_medium=GitHub&utm_campaign=blog-module" class="text-semibold arrow-target-mktg Link--primary" target="_blank" aria-label="Get tickets"> Get tickets <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 16 16" width="16" height="16" class="octicon octicon-link-external ml-1"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M10.604 1h4.146a.25.25 0 01.25.25v4.146a.25.25 0 01-.427.177L13.03 4.03 9.28 7.78a.75.75 0 01-1.06-1.06l3.75-3.75-1.543-1.543A.25.25 0 0110.604 1zM3.75 2A1.75 1.75 0 002 3.75v8.5c0 .966.784 1.75 1.75 1.75h8.5A1.75 1.75 0 0014 12.25v-3.5a.75.75 0 00-1.5 0v3.5a.25.25 0 01-.25.25h-8.5a.25.25 0 01-.25-.25v-8.5a.25.25 0 01.25-.25h3.5a.75.75 0 000-1.5h-3.5z"></path></svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </aside> <div class="py-6 py-lg-8 color-bg-subtle" data-color-mode="dark" data-light-theme="light" data-dark-theme="dark"> <div class="container-xl p-responsive-blog"> <section id="newsletter" class="newsletter rounded-2"> <div class="color-bg-subtle rounded-2"> <div class="d-flex flex-row flex-wrap gutter-spacious py-5 px-4 py-md-6 px-md-5"> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6 col-xl-7"> <h2 class="h4-mktg color-fg-default"> We do newsletters, too</h2> <p class="f3-mktg color-fg-muted mt-2 mb-3">Discover tips, technical guides, and best practices in our biweekly newsletter just for devs.</p> </div> <div class="col-12 col-lg-6 col-xl-5"> <form method="post" action="https://s88570519.t.eloqua.com/e/f2?elqFormName=copynewsletter-signup-form-637872624660309567&elqSiteID=88570519" class="js-form-validator"> <div class="newsletter-form d-md-flex flex-row mt-0 mb-3 rounded-2 required form-group"> <div class="m-0 width-full"> <label for="newsletter_emailAddress" class="screen-reader-text">Your email address</label> <input type="email" required id="newsletter_emailAddress" name="emailAddress" placeholder="Your email address" class="required js-validity-check d-block width-full height-md-full mb-2 mb-md-0 f4-mktg newsletter-field rounded-2" /> </div> <input type="hidden" name="classification" value="Practitioner"> <button type="submit" class="js-form-validator-submit newsletter-submit flex-shrink-0 arrow-target-mktg d-none d-md-flex flex-row f3-mktg flex-items-center text-semibold rounded-2"> <span>Subscribe</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon arrow-symbol-mktg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="none"><path fill="currentColor" d="M7.28033 3.21967C6.98744 2.92678 6.51256 2.92678 6.21967 3.21967C5.92678 3.51256 5.92678 3.98744 6.21967 4.28033L7.28033 3.21967ZM11 8L11.5303 8.53033C11.8232 8.23744 11.8232 7.76256 11.5303 7.46967L11 8ZM6.21967 11.7197C5.92678 12.0126 5.92678 12.4874 6.21967 12.7803C6.51256 13.0732 6.98744 13.0732 7.28033 12.7803L6.21967 11.7197ZM6.21967 4.28033L10.4697 8.53033L11.5303 7.46967L7.28033 3.21967L6.21967 4.28033ZM10.4697 7.46967L6.21967 11.7197L7.28033 12.7803L11.5303 8.53033L10.4697 7.46967Z"></path><path class="octicon-chevrow-stem" stroke="currentColor" d="M1.75 8H11" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round"></path></svg> </button> </div> <div class="form-checkbox color-fg-muted f6-mktg m-0 mt-2 form-group"> <label class="text-normal"> <input id="optincheckbox" name="marketingEmailOptIn1" type="checkbox" value="True"> Yes please, I’d like GitHub and affiliates to use my information for personalized communications, targeted advertising and campaign effectiveness. See the <a href="https://github.com/site/privacy" target="blank">GitHub Privacy Statement</a> for more details. </label> </div> <button type="submit" class="js-form-validator-submit newsletter-submit flex-shrink-0 arrow-target-mktg mt-3 d-flex d-md-none flex-row f3-mktg flex-items-center text-semibold rounded-2"> <span>Subscribe</span> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="octicon arrow-symbol-mktg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 16 16" fill="none"><path fill="currentColor" d="M7.28033 3.21967C6.98744 2.92678 6.51256 2.92678 6.21967 3.21967C5.92678 3.51256 5.92678 3.98744 6.21967 4.28033L7.28033 3.21967ZM11 8L11.5303 8.53033C11.8232 8.23744 11.8232 7.76256 11.5303 7.46967L11 8ZM6.21967 11.7197C5.92678 12.0126 5.92678 12.4874 6.21967 12.7803C6.51256 13.0732 6.98744 13.0732 7.28033 12.7803L6.21967 11.7197ZM6.21967 4.28033L10.4697 8.53033L11.5303 7.46967L7.28033 3.21967L6.21967 4.28033ZM10.4697 7.46967L6.21967 11.7197L7.28033 12.7803L11.5303 8.53033L10.4697 7.46967Z"></path><path class="octicon-chevrow-stem" stroke="currentColor" d="M1.75 8H11" stroke-width="1.5" stroke-linecap="round"></path></svg> </button> </form> </div> </div> </div> </section> </div> </div> </main> <div data-color-mode="dark" data-light-theme="light" data-dark-theme="dark"> <footer class="footer pt-6"> <div class="container-xl p-responsive-blog"> <div class="d-flex flex-wrap py-5 mb-5"> <div class="col-12 col-lg-4 mb-5"> <a href="https://github.com/" data-ga-click="Resources, go to home, resources footer" class="color-fg-default" aria-label="Go to GitHub homepage"> <svg height="30" class="octicon octicon-logo-github" viewBox="0 0 45 16" version="1.1" width="84" aria-hidden="true"> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M18.53 12.03h-.02c.009 0 .015.01.024.011h.006l-.01-.01zm.004.011c-.093.001-.327.05-.574.05-.78 0-1.05-.36-1.05-.83V8.13h1.59c.09 0 .16-.08.16-.19v-1.7c0-.09-.08-.17-.16-.17h-1.59V3.96c0-.08-.05-.13-.14-.13h-2.16c-.09 0-.14.05-.14.13v2.17s-1.09.27-1.16.28c-.08.02-.13.09-.13.17v1.36c0 .11.08.19.17.19h1.11v3.28c0 2.44 1.7 2.69 2.86 2.69.53 0 1.17-.17 1.27-.22.06-.02.09-.09.09-.16v-1.5a.177.177 0 00-.146-.18zM42.23 9.84c0-1.81-.73-2.05-1.5-1.97-.6.04-1.08.34-1.08.34v3.52s.49.34 1.22.36c1.03.03 1.36-.34 1.36-2.25zm2.43-.16c0 3.43-1.11 4.41-3.05 4.41-1.64 0-2.52-.83-2.52-.83s-.04.46-.09.52c-.03.06-.08.08-.14.08h-1.48c-.1 0-.19-.08-.19-.17l.02-11.11c0-.09.08-.17.17-.17h2.13c.09 0 .17.08.17.17v3.77s.82-.53 2.02-.53l-.01-.02c1.2 0 2.97.45 2.97 3.88zm-8.72-3.61h-2.1c-.11 0-.17.08-.17.19v5.44s-.55.39-1.3.39-.97-.34-.97-1.09V6.25c0-.09-.08-.17-.17-.17h-2.14c-.09 0-.17.08-.17.17v5.11c0 2.2 1.23 2.75 2.92 2.75 1.39 0 2.52-.77 2.52-.77s.05.39.08.45c.02.05.09.09.16.09h1.34c.11 0 .17-.08.17-.17l.02-7.47c0-.09-.08-.17-.19-.17zm-23.7-.01h-2.13c-.09 0-.17.09-.17.2v7.34c0 .2.13.27.3.27h1.92c.2 0 .25-.09.25-.27V6.23c0-.09-.08-.17-.17-.17zm-1.05-3.38c-.77 0-1.38.61-1.38 1.38 0 .77.61 1.38 1.38 1.38.75 0 1.36-.61 1.36-1.38 0-.77-.61-1.38-1.36-1.38zm16.49-.25h-2.11c-.09 0-.17.08-.17.17v4.09h-3.31V2.6c0-.09-.08-.17-.17-.17h-2.13c-.09 0-.17.08-.17.17v11.11c0 .09.09.17.17.17h2.13c.09 0 .17-.08.17-.17V8.96h3.31l-.02 4.75c0 .09.08.17.17.17h2.13c.09 0 .17-.08.17-.17V2.6c0-.09-.08-.17-.17-.17zM8.81 7.35v5.74c0 .04-.01.11-.06.13 0 0-1.25.89-3.31.89-2.49 0-5.44-.78-5.44-5.92S2.58 1.99 5.1 2c2.18 0 3.06.49 3.2.58.04.05.06.09.06.14L7.94 4.5c0 .09-.09.2-.2.17-.36-.11-.9-.33-2.17-.33-1.47 0-3.05.42-3.05 3.73s1.5 3.7 2.58 3.7c.92 0 1.25-.11 1.25-.11v-2.3H4.88c-.11 0-.19-.08-.19-.17V7.35c0-.09.08-.17.19-.17h3.74c.11 0 .19.08.19.17z"></path> </svg> </a> </div> <div class="col-6 col-sm-3 col-lg-2 mb-6 mb-md-2 pr-3 pr-lg-0 pl-lg-4"><h2 class="h5 mb-3 text-mono color-text-tertiary text-normal">Product</h2><ul class="list-style-none text-gray f5"><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://github.com/features" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Features, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Features</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://github.com/security" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Security, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Security</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://github.com/enterprise" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Enterprise, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Enterprise</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://github.com/customer-stories?type=enterprise" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Customer Stories, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Customer Stories</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://github.com/pricing" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Pricing, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Pricing</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://resources.github.com/" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Resources, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Resources</a></li></ul></div><div class="col-6 col-sm-3 col-lg-2 mb-6 mb-md-2 pr-3 pr-lg-0 pl-lg-4"><h2 class="h5 mb-3 text-mono color-text-tertiary text-normal">Platform</h2><ul class="list-style-none text-gray f5"><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://developer.github.com/" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Developer API, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Developer API</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://partner.github.com/" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Partners, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Partners</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://atom.io/" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Atom, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Atom</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://www.electronjs.org/" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Electron, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Electron</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://desktop.github.com/" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to GitHub Desktop, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">GitHub Desktop</a></li></ul></div><div class="col-6 col-sm-3 col-lg-2 mb-6 mb-md-2 pr-3 pr-lg-0 pl-lg-4"><h2 class="h5 mb-3 text-mono color-text-tertiary text-normal">Support</h2><ul class="list-style-none text-gray f5"><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://docs.github.com/" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Docs, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Docs</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://github.community/" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Community Forum, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Community Forum</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://services.github.com/" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Training, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Training</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://www.githubstatus.com/" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Status, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Status</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://support.github.com/" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Contact, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Contact</a></li></ul></div><div class="col-6 col-sm-3 col-lg-2 mb-6 mb-md-2 pr-3 pr-lg-0 pl-lg-4"><h2 class="h5 mb-3 text-mono color-text-tertiary text-normal">Company</h2><ul class="list-style-none text-gray f5"><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://github.com/about" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to About, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">About</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://github.blog/" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Blog, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Blog</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://github.com/about/careers" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Careers, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Careers</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://github.com/about/press" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Press, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Press</a></li><li class="lh-condensed mb-3"><a href="https://shop.github.com/" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to Shop, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Shop</a></li></ul></div> </div> </div> <div class="color-bg-subtle"> <div class="container-xl p-responsive-blog f6 py-4 d-sm-flex flex-justify-between flex-row-reverse flex-items-center"> <ul class="list-style-none d-flex flex-items-center mb-3 mb-sm-0 lh-condensed-ultra"> <li class="mr-3"> <a href="https://twitter.com/github" data-ga-click="Blog, go to X, resources footer" style="color: #959da5;"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 1200 1227" class="d-block" height="18"> <title>X icon</title> <path xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" d="M714.163 519.284 1160.89 0h-105.86L667.137 450.887 357.328 0H0l468.492 681.821L0 1226.37h105.866l409.625-476.152 327.181 476.152H1200L714.137 519.284h.026ZM569.165 687.828l-47.468-67.894-377.686-540.24h162.604l304.797 435.991 47.468 67.894 396.2 566.721H892.476L569.165 687.854v-.026Z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> <span class="sr-only">GitHub on X</span> </a> </li> <li class="mr-3"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/GitHub" data-ga-click="Blog, go to Facebook, resources footer" style="color: #959da5;"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 15.3 15.4" class="d-block" height="18"> <title>Facebook icon</title> <path d="M14.5 0H.8a.88.88 0 0 0-.8.9v13.6a.88.88 0 0 0 .8.9h7.3v-6h-2V7.1h2V5.4a2.87 2.87 0 0 1 2.5-3.1h.5a10.87 10.87 0 0 1 1.8.1v2.1h-1.3c-1 0-1.1.5-1.1 1.1v1.5h2.3l-.3 2.3h-2v5.9h3.9a.88.88 0 0 0 .9-.8V.8a.86.86 0 0 0-.8-.8z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> <span class="sr-only">GitHub on Facebook</span> </a> </li> <li class="mr-3"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/github" data-ga-click="Blog, go to YouTube, resources footer" style="color: #959da5;"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19.17 13.6" class="d-block" height="16"> <title>YouTube icon</title> <path d="M18.77 2.13A2.4 2.4 0 0 0 17.09.42C15.59 0 9.58 0 9.58 0a57.55 57.55 0 0 0-7.5.4A2.49 2.49 0 0 0 .39 2.13 26.27 26.27 0 0 0 0 6.8a26.15 26.15 0 0 0 .39 4.67 2.43 2.43 0 0 0 1.69 1.71c1.52.42 7.5.42 7.5.42a57.69 57.69 0 0 0 7.51-.4 2.4 2.4 0 0 0 1.68-1.71 25.63 25.63 0 0 0 .4-4.67 24 24 0 0 0-.4-4.69zM7.67 9.71V3.89l5 2.91z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> <span class="sr-only">GitHub on YouTube</span> </a> </li> <li class="mr-3 flex-self-start"> <a href="https://www.twitch.tv/github" data-ga-click="Blog, go to Twitch, resources footer" style="color: #959da5;"> <svg role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="d-block" height="18"> <title>Twitch icon</title> <path d="M11.571 4.714h1.715v5.143H11.57zm4.715 0H18v5.143h-1.714zM6 0L1.714 4.286v15.428h5.143V24l4.286-4.286h3.428L22.286 12V0zm14.571 11.143l-3.428 3.428h-3.429l-3 3v-3H6.857V1.714h13.714Z" fill="currentColor"/> </svg> <span class="sr-only">GitHub on Twitch</span> </a> </li> <li class="mr-3 flex-self-start"> <a href="https://www.tiktok.com/@github" data-ga-click="Blog, go to TikTok, resources footer" style="color: #959da5;"> <svg role="img" viewBox="0 0 24 24" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="d-block" height="18"> <title>TikTok icon</title> <path d="M12.525.02c1.31-.02 2.61-.01 3.91-.02.08 1.53.63 3.09 1.75 4.17 1.12 1.11 2.7 1.62 4.24 1.79v4.03c-1.44-.05-2.89-.35-4.2-.97-.57-.26-1.1-.59-1.62-.93-.01 2.92.01 5.84-.02 8.75-.08 1.4-.54 2.79-1.35 3.94-1.31 1.92-3.58 3.17-5.91 3.21-1.43.08-2.86-.31-4.08-1.03-2.02-1.19-3.44-3.37-3.65-5.71-.02-.5-.03-1-.01-1.49.18-1.9 1.12-3.72 2.58-4.96 1.66-1.44 3.98-2.13 6.15-1.72.02 1.48-.04 2.96-.04 4.44-.99-.32-2.15-.23-3.02.37-.63.41-1.11 1.04-1.36 1.75-.21.51-.15 1.07-.14 1.61.24 1.64 1.82 3.02 3.5 2.87 1.12-.01 2.19-.66 2.77-1.61.19-.33.4-.67.41-1.06.1-1.79.06-3.57.07-5.36.01-4.03-.01-8.05.02-12.07z" fill="currentColor"/> </svg> <span class="sr-only">GitHub on TikTok</span> </a> </li> <li class="mr-3 flex-self-start"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/github" data-ga-click="Blog, go to Linkedin, resources footer" style="color: #959da5;"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 19 18" class="d-block" height="18"> <title>LinkedIn icon</title> <path d="M3.94 2A2 2 0 1 1 2 0a2 2 0 0 1 1.94 2zM4 5.48H0V18h4zm6.32 0H6.34V18h3.94v-6.57c0-3.66 4.77-4 4.77 0V18H19v-7.93c0-6.17-7.06-5.94-8.72-2.91z" fill="currentColor"></path> </svg> <span class="sr-only">GitHub on LinkedIn</span> </a> </li> <li> <a href="https://github.com/github" data-ga-click="Blog, go to github's org, resources footer" style="color: #959da5;"> <svg height="20" class="octicon octicon-mark-github d-block" alt="" viewBox="0 0 16 16" version="1.1" width="20" aria-hidden="true"> <title>GitHub icon</title> <path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M8 0C3.58 0 0 3.58 0 8c0 3.54 2.29 6.53 5.47 7.59.4.07.55-.17.55-.38 0-.19-.01-.82-.01-1.49-2.01.37-2.53-.49-2.69-.94-.09-.23-.48-.94-.82-1.13-.28-.15-.68-.52-.01-.53.63-.01 1.08.58 1.23.82.72 1.21 1.87.87 2.33.66.07-.52.28-.87.51-1.07-1.78-.2-3.64-.89-3.64-3.95 0-.87.31-1.59.82-2.15-.08-.2-.36-1.02.08-2.12 0 0 .67-.21 2.2.82.64-.18 1.32-.27 2-.27.68 0 1.36.09 2 .27 1.53-1.04 2.2-.82 2.2-.82.44 1.1.16 1.92.08 2.12.51.56.82 1.27.82 2.15 0 3.07-1.87 3.75-3.65 3.95.29.25.54.73.54 1.48 0 1.07-.01 1.93-.01 2.2 0 .21.15.46.55.38A8.013 8.013 0 0016 8c0-4.42-3.58-8-8-8z"></path> </svg> <span class="sr-only">GitHub’s organization on GitHub</span> </a> </li> </ul> <ul class="list-style-none d-flex flex-wrap text-gray"> <li class="mr-3">© 2024 GitHub, Inc.</li> <li class="mr-3"> <a href="https://docs.github.com/en/github/site-policy/github-terms-of-service" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to terms, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Terms</a> </li> <li class="mr-3"> <a href="https://docs.github.com/en/github/site-policy/github-privacy-statement" data-ga-click="Site Foundation Components, go to privacy, site foundation components footer" class="Link--secondary">Privacy</a> </li> <li class="mr-3"> <button type="button" class="btn-link Link--secondary" onClick="_ghcc.showPreferences()">Manage Cookies</button> </li> <li class="mr-3"> <button type="button" class="btn-link Link--secondary" onClick="_ghcc.showPreferences()">Do not share my personal information</button> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </footer> </div> <div id="ghcc" style="position: sticky; bottom: 0; z-index: 99999;"></div><script src="https://ghcc.githubassets.com/ghcc.min.js" id="github_cookie_consent-js"></script> <script src="https://js.monitor.azure.com/scripts/c/ms.analytics-web-4.js" id="github_microsoft_analytics-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://github.blog/_static/??/wp-content/plugins/gh-cookie-consent-and-tracking/dist/js/cookie-consent-and-tracking.js,/wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?m=1732206009j" ></script><script src="https://github.blog/wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script id="wp-i18n-js-after"> wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://github.blog/wp-includes/js/dist/url.min.js?m=1732206009g" ></script><script src="https://github.blog/wp-includes/js/dist/api-fetch.min.js?ver=4c185334c5ec26e149cc" id="wp-api-fetch-js"></script> <script id="wp-api-fetch-js-after"> wp.apiFetch.use( wp.apiFetch.createRootURLMiddleware( "https://github.blog/wp-json/" ) ); wp.apiFetch.nonceMiddleware = wp.apiFetch.createNonceMiddleware( "7660532aa1" ); wp.apiFetch.use( wp.apiFetch.nonceMiddleware ); wp.apiFetch.use( wp.apiFetch.mediaUploadMiddleware ); wp.apiFetch.nonceEndpoint = "https://github.blog/wp-admin/admin-ajax.php?action=rest-nonce"; </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://github.blog/wp-content/themes/github-2021/dist/js/site-script.js?m=1732205351g" ></script><script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/11.4.0/highlight.min.js?ver=11.4.0" id="highlightjs-js"></script> <script id="highlightjs-js-after"> hljs.highlightAll() </script> <script integrity="sha256-kAnFXX7lCXF9K2o4g5q1lKyk167yRq6C4TiXWtbgvQw=" crossorigin="anonymous" src="https://analytics.githubassets.com/v1.1.0/hydro-marketing.min.js?ver=6.6.2" id="hydro-analytics-js"></script> <script src="https://stats.wp.com/e-202447.js" id="jetpack-stats-js" data-wp-strategy="defer"></script> <script id="jetpack-stats-js-after"> _stq = window._stq || []; _stq.push([ "view", JSON.parse("{\"v\":\"ext\",\"blog\":\"153214340\",\"post\":\"79446\",\"tz\":\"-8\",\"srv\":\"github.blog\",\"hp\":\"vip\",\"j\":\"1:13.9.1\"}") ]); _stq.push([ "clickTrackerInit", "153214340", "79446" ]); </script> </body> </html>