CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="zh" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>水泥 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )zhwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"zh", "wgMonthNames":["","1月","2月","3月","4月","5月","6月","7月","8月","9月","10月","11月","12月"],"wgRequestId":"9067d371-1bd2-4407-b489-df585977f185","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"水泥","wgTitle":"水泥","wgCurRevisionId":84384674,"wgRevisionId":84384674,"wgArticleId":116550,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["自2018年3月带有失效链接的条目","条目有永久失效的外部链接","Webarchive模板wayback链接","自2020年10月需要從英語維基百科翻譯的條目","需要從英語維基百科翻譯的條目","维基共享资源分类链接使用了维基数据上的匹配项","包含FAST标识符的维基百科条目","包含BNE标识符的维基百科条目","包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目","包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目","包含GND标识符的维基百科条目", "包含J9U标识符的维基百科条目","包含LCCN标识符的维基百科条目","包含LNB标识符的维基百科条目","包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目","包含NKC标识符的维基百科条目","包含AAT标识符的维基百科条目","包含HDS标识符的维基百科条目","包含SUDOC标识符的维基百科条目","水泥","混凝土","建筑材料"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentLanguage":"zh","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"水泥","wgRelevantArticleId":116550,"wgUserVariant":"zh","wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"zh","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":["zh-hans","zh-hant","zh-cn","zh-tw","zh-hk","zh-sg","zh-mo","zh-my"]},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions" :{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":10000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q45190","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.large-font":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles": "ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.edit0","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.UnihanTooltips","ext.gadget.Difflink","ext.gadget.pseudonamespace-UI","ext.gadget.SpecialWikitext","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.gadget.VariantAlly","ext.gadget.AdvancedSiteNotices","ext.gadget.hideConversionTab","ext.gadget.internalLinkHelper-altcolor","ext.gadget.noteTA","ext.gadget.NavFrame","ext.gadget.collapsibleTables","ext.gadget.scrollUpButton","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups", "ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=ext.gadget.large-font&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=zh&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/CementMixingWithSand.jpg/1200px-CementMixingWithSand.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1091"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/CementMixingWithSand.jpg/800px-CementMixingWithSand.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="727"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/CementMixingWithSand.jpg/640px-CementMixingWithSand.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="582"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="水泥 - 维基百科，自由的百科全书"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="编辑本页" href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (zh)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//zh.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hans/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-my/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-sg/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hant/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-hk/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-mo/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5"> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="x-default" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia的Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-水泥 rootpage-水泥 skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">跳转到内容</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="主菜单" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">主菜单</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">主菜单</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 导航 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="访问首页[z]" accesskey="z"><span>首页</span></a></li><li id="n-indexpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95" title="以分类索引搜寻中文维基百科"><span>分类索引</span></a></li><li id="n-Featured_content" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E7%89%B9%E8%89%B2%E5%85%A7%E5%AE%B9" title="查看中文维基百科的特色内容"><span>特色内容</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%96%B0%E8%81%9E%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B" title="提供当前新闻事件的背景资料"><span>新闻动态</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%9C%80%E8%BF%91%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9" title="列出维基百科中的最近修改[r]" accesskey="r"><span>最近更改</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%9A%8F%E6%9C%BA%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="随机载入一个页面[x]" accesskey="x"><span>随机条目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-help" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-help" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 帮助 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E7%9B%AE%E5%BD%95" title="寻求帮助"><span>帮助</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" title="关于本计划、你可以做什么、应该如何做"><span>维基社群</span></a></li><li id="n-policy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%96%B9%E9%87%9D%E8%88%87%E6%8C%87%E5%BC%95" title="查看维基百科的方针和指引"><span>方针与指引</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E4%BA%92%E5%8A%A9%E5%AE%A2%E6%A0%88" title="参与维基百科社群的讨论"><span>互助客栈</span></a></li><li id="n-Information_desk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E9%97%AE%E7%AD%94" title="解答任何与维基百科无关的问题的地方"><span>知识问答</span></a></li><li id="n-conversion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%AD%97%E8%AF%8D%E8%BD%AC%E6%8D%A2" title="提出字词转换请求"><span>字词转换</span></a></li><li id="n-IRC" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:IRC%E8%81%8A%E5%A4%A9%E9%A2%91%E9%81%93"><span>IRC即时聊天</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E8%81%94%E7%BB%9C%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC" title="如何联络维基百科"><span>联络我们</span></a></li><li id="n-about" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E" title="查看维基百科的简介"><span>关于维基百科</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E9%A6%96%E9%A1%B5" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="维基百科" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-zh.svg" style="width: 6.5625em; height: 1.375em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="自由的百科全书" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-zh.svg" width="103" height="14" style="width: 6.4375em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>搜索</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="搜索维基百科" aria-label="搜索维基百科" autocapitalize="sentences" title="搜索维基百科[f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:搜索"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">搜索</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="个人工具"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="更改页面字体大小、宽度和颜色的外观" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="外观" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">外观</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans" class=""><span>资助维基百科</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的" class=""><span>创建账号</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>登录</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="更多选项" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="个人工具" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">个人工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="用户菜单" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hans"><span>资助维基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="我们推荐您创建账号并登录，但这不是强制性的"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-歷史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>歷史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歷史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-種類" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#種類"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>種類</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-種類-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关種類子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-種類-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-水硬性水泥" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#水硬性水泥"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>水硬性水泥</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-水硬性水泥-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-非水硬性水泥" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#非水硬性水泥"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>非水硬性水泥</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-非水硬性水泥-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-生產過程" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#生產過程"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>生產過程</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-生產過程-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关生產過程子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-生產過程-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-熟料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#熟料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>熟料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-熟料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-除英泥方法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#除英泥方法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>除英泥方法</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-除英泥方法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-產品" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#產品"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>產品</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-產品-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-用法与固化机制" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#用法与固化机制"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>用法与固化机制</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-用法与固化机制-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关用法与固化机制子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-用法与固化机制-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-用法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#用法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>用法</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-用法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-固化机制" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#固化机制"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>固化机制</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-固化机制-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-工業廢棄物回收" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#工業廢棄物回收"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>工業廢棄物回收</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-工業廢棄物回收-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-世界水泥工业" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#世界水泥工业"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>世界水泥工业</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-世界水泥工业-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">水泥</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。104种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-104" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">104种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sement" title="Sement – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Sement" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zement" title="Zement – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Zement" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%B2%E1%88%9A%E1%8A%95%E1%89%B6" title="ሲሚንቶ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሲሚንቶ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cimento" title="Cimento – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cimento" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AA" title="أسمنت – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أسمنت" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cementu" title="Cementu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cementu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sement" title="Sement – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Sement" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zement" title="Zement – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Zement" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cements" title="Cements – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Cements" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semento" title="Semento – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Semento" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цэмент – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Цэмент" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цэмэнт – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Цэмэнт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цимент – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Цимент" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F" title="সিমেন্ট – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিমেন্ট" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciment" title="Ciment – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ciment" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C5%ABi-n%C3%A0%CC%A4" title="Cūi-nà̤ – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Cūi-nà̤" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%86" title="چیمەنتۆ – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="چیمەنتۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sment" title="Sment – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Sment" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zement" title="Zement – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Zement" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87imentoci" title="Çimentoci – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Çimentoci" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF" title="Τσιμέντο – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τσιμέντο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemento" title="Cemento – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Cemento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemento" title="Cemento – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cemento" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsement" title="Tsement – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tsement" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zementu" title="Zementu – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Zementu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cementu" title="Cementu – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Cementu" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سیمان – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیمان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sementti" title="Sementti – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sementti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciment" title="Ciment – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ciment" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semint_(boumateriaal)" title="Semint (boumateriaal) – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Semint (boumateriaal)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stroighin" title="Stroighin – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Stroighin" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemento_(construci%C3%B3n)" title="Cemento (construción) – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cemento (construción)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siminti" title="Siminti – 豪萨语" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Siminti" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A6%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%98" title="צמנט – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="צמנט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F" title="सीमेंट – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सीमेंट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siman" title="Siman – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Siman" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%91%D5%A5%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%BF" title="Ցեմենտ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ցեմենտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semen" title="Semen – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Semen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemento" title="Cemento – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Cemento" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sement" title="Sement – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Sement" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cemento" title="Cemento – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cemento" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BB%E3%83%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88" title="セメント – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="セメント" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sem%C3%A8n" title="Semèn – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Semèn" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AA%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ცემენტი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ცემენტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%CC%B1si%CC%B1mi%CC%B1nti" title="A̱si̱mi̱nti – 卡塔布语" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="A̱si̱mi̱nti" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="卡塔布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%A9%98%ED%8A%B8" title="시멘트 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시멘트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrumen" title="Ferrumen – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ferrumen" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sem%C3%A8nt" title="Semènt – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Semènt" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciment" title="Ciment – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Ciment" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cementas" title="Cementas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Cementas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cements" title="Cements – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Cements" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simenitra" title="Simenitra – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Simenitra" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semen" title="Semen – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Semen" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="സിമന്റ് – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സിമന്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F" title="सिमेंट – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="सिमेंट" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simen" title="Simen – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Simen" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F" title="सिमेन्ट – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सिमेन्ट" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement_(bouwmateriaal)" title="Cement (bouwmateriaal) – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cement (bouwmateriaal)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sement" title="Sement – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Sement" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sement" title="Sement – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Sement" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%9F" title="ਸੀਮੈਂਟ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੀਮੈਂਟ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cimento" title="Cimento – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cimento" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simintu" title="Simintu – 克丘亚语" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Simintu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="克丘亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciment" title="Ciment – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Ciment" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Сиэмэн – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сиэмэн" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%B8%E1%B1%B4" title="ᱥᱤᱢᱮᱸᱴ – 桑塔利语" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱥᱤᱢᱮᱸᱴ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%86%D9%BD" title="سيمنٽ – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سيمنٽ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92" title="සිමෙන්ති – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සිමෙන්ති" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement_(stavebn%C3%ADctvo)" title="Cement (stavebníctvo) – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Cement (stavebníctvo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87imento" title="Çimento – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Çimento" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" title="Cement – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cement" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saruji" title="Saruji – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Saruji" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%88" title="சீமைக்காரை – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சீமைக்காரை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%8D" title="ಸಿಮೆಂಟ್ – 圖盧文" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಸಿಮೆಂಟ್" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="圖盧文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%81" title="సిమెంటు – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="సిమెంటు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Семент – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Семент" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="ซีเมนต์ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ซีเมนต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semento" title="Semento – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Semento" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87imento" title="Çimento – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çimento" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%90%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA" title="سېمونت – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="سېمونت" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Цемент – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Цемент" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%86%D9%B9" title="سیمنٹ – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیمنٹ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sement" title="Sement – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Sement" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xi_m%C4%83ng" title="Xi măng – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Xi măng" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semento" title="Semento – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Semento" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E9%97%A8%E6%B1%80" title="水门汀 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="水门汀" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%82ng-mn%CC%82g-th%C3%B4%CD%98" title="Âng-mn̂g-thô͘ – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Âng-mn̂g-thô͘" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%A5" title="紅毛泥 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="紅毛泥" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q45190#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">不转换</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="selected ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="查看"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&oldid=84384674" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&id=84384674&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%25B0%25B4%25E6%25B3%25A5"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E6%25B0%25B4%25E6%25B3%25A5"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cement" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q45190" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/24px-Confusion_grey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/36px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Confusion_grey.svg/48px-Confusion_grey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="200" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">  </span><span class="mobile"></span></span><b>提示</b>：此条目页的主题不是<b><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="混凝土">混凝土</a></b>。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_language plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/50px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/75px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg/100px-Translation_to_zh_arrow.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>可参照<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cement" class="extiw" title="en:Cement">英語維基百科</a>相應條目来扩充</b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2020年10月1日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>若您熟悉来源语言和主题，请协助<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%BF%BB%E8%AF%91%E5%AE%88%E5%88%99" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:翻译守则">参考外语维基百科扩充条目</a>。请勿直接提交机械翻译，也不要翻译不可靠、低品质内容。依<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%9C%A8%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E5%86%85%E5%A4%8D%E5%88%B6%E5%86%85%E5%AE%B9" title="Wikipedia:在维基百科内复制内容">版权协议</a>，译文需<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E7%B7%A8%E8%BC%AF%E6%91%98%E8%A6%81#翻譯文章" title="Wikipedia:編輯摘要">在编辑摘要注明来源</a>，或于讨论页顶部标记<code>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Translated_page" title="Template:Translated page">Translated page</a>}}</code>标签。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CementMixingWithSand.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/CementMixingWithSand.jpg/220px-CementMixingWithSand.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/CementMixingWithSand.jpg/330px-CementMixingWithSand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/CementMixingWithSand.jpg/440px-CementMixingWithSand.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1764" data-file-height="1604" /></a><figcaption>水泥</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HOWO_truck_in_Bokeo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/HOWO_truck_in_Bokeo.jpg/220px-HOWO_truck_in_Bokeo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/HOWO_truck_in_Bokeo.jpg/330px-HOWO_truck_in_Bokeo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/HOWO_truck_in_Bokeo.jpg/440px-HOWO_truck_in_Bokeo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>預拌混凝土車</figcaption></figure> <p><b>水泥</b>（馬來西亞稱<b>洋灰</b>）是一種建築材料，與水混合後會凝固硬化。水泥不常單獨使用，而是用來與<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99" title="沙">沙</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%BE%E7%9F%B3" title="砾石">礫</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E9%AA%A8%E6%96%99" title="骨料">骨料</a>）接合。水泥與細緻的骨料混合後形成<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%BC%BF" title="砂漿">砂漿</a>（用來接合磚塊），水泥與沙礫混合後形成<a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="混凝土">混凝土</a>。 </p><p>水泥通常是<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A0%E6%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="无机">無機</a>的，主原料為石灰或矽酸鈣。 </p><p>水泥的種類繁多，按其礦物组成分為<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%85%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="硅酸盐水泥">硅酸盐水泥</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%93%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="铝酸盐水泥（页面不存在）">铝酸盐水泥</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E9%8B%81%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硫鋁酸盐水泥（页面不存在）">硫鋁酸盐水泥</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%9F%E9%93%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="氟铝酸盐水泥（页面不存在）">氟铝酸盐水泥</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%93%81%E9%93%9D%E9%85%B8%E7%9B%90%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="铁铝酸盐水泥（页面不存在）">铁铝酸盐水泥</a>以及少<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%9F%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="熟料">熟料</a>或<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%97%A0%E7%86%9F%E6%96%99%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="无熟料水泥（页面不存在）">无熟料水泥</a>等。而按其用途和性能又分为通用水泥、专用水泥和特种水泥三大类。 </p><p>在每一品种的水泥中，又根据其胶结强度的大小，而分为若干强度等级。不同的水泥品种及强度等级，其性能也有较大差异。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2"></span>歷史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：歷史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>水泥的<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="英文">英文</a>「cement」是由<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%81%E6%96%87" class="mw-redirect" title="拉丁文">拉丁文</a>「caementum」演變而來，意指「碎石」。水泥的歷史可追溯到<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="古罗马时代">古羅馬時代</a>。當時古羅馬人在建築時，會把<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%81%B0" title="石灰">石灰</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E5%B1%B1%E7%81%B0" title="火山灰">火山灰</a>混合起來成為建築原料，是為史上最早之水泥。 </p><p>1796年<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英國">英國</a>人詹姆士·帕加（James Parker）用<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E7%81%B0%E5%B2%A9" title="泥灰岩">泥灰岩</a>燒制一種棕色水泥，稱「羅馬水泥」。1824年英國人<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="約瑟·阿斯普丁" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Joseph Aspdin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%84%E7%91%9F%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%96%AF%E6%99%AE%E4%B8%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="約瑟·阿斯普丁（页面不存在）">約瑟·阿斯普丁</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Aspdin" class="extiw" title="en:Joseph Aspdin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Joseph Aspdin</span></a></span>）</span></span>（Joseph Aspdin）用<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%81%B0%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="石灰石">石灰石</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%98%E5%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="粘土">粘土</a>燒製成水泥，命名為<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="波特蘭水泥">波特蘭水泥</a>，並取得專利權。波特蘭水泥日後在水泥中取得絕對地位。 </p><p>隨著對建築之要求越來越高，波特蘭水泥不斷改進，水泥種類已發展到100,000多種。 </p><p>水泥早期也被叫做“士敏土”，是水泥的英文單詞“cement”的音譯。蘇聯作家寫的長篇小說《水泥》被魯迅推介給中國讀者，這部小說當時被譯為《士敏土》，“士敏土”就是水泥的音譯。國共內戰前的中國除了稱呼水泥為“士敏土”外，<a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B4%E8%AF%AD" title="吴语">吴语</a>還音译作“水門汀”。而作为外來物品當時与本地的灰土相比较，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E6%96%B9%E5%AE%98%E8%AF%9D" title="北方官话">北方官话</a>廣泛使用的名称是“洋灰”，<a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%B5%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="粵語">粵語</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%BD%E5%8D%97%E8%AF%AD" title="闽南语">闽南语</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A2%E5%AE%B6%E8%AA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="客家語">客家語</a>等则称其为“红毛灰”、“红毛土”或“红毛泥”，香港就稱之為“英泥”。另外因波特蘭水泥这一品种最为常见，“波特兰”或“卜特蘭”也常作为代称。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="種類"><span id=".E7.A8.AE.E9.A1.9E"></span>種類</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：種類"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>氧氯水泥：以煅燒<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%95%81" title="氧化镁">氧化锌钙特</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E5%8C%96%E9%8E%82" class="mw-redirect" title="氯化鎂">氯化鎂</a>製成。混合多種填充料，常用於粉飾外牆及地板。</li> <li>硫水泥：由黏土或其他具黏著力之非溶性物質製成，通常會另加入<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AB" title="硫">硫</a>、金屬氧化物、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E7%9F%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="二氧化矽">二氧化矽</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E7%A2%B3" title="碳">碳</a>。可用於高溫的塗層或覆蓋物，也可用來密封縫隙和接合處<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li>高鋁水泥：混合鋁礬土製成，含有高比例<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%8B%81" class="mw-redirect" title="氧化鋁">氧化鋁</a>。其價值在於能快速定型與高強度屬性比较。</li> <li>瀝青水泥：由<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9" title="石油">石油</a>煉製而成，除了<a href="/wiki/%E7%80%9D%E9%9D%92" title="瀝青">瀝青</a>中天然存有的礦物之外，煉製程度要到沒有水或雜質為止。瀝青水泥中灰的含量少於百分之一<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="水硬性水泥"><span id=".E6.B0.B4.E7.A1.AC.E6.80.A7.E6.B0.B4.E6.B3.A5"></span>水硬性水泥</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：水硬性水泥"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>水硬性水泥與水作用後會形成不會在水中分解的固體，可達到膠結作用，如： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="波特蘭水泥">波特蘭水泥</a></li> <li>脹性水泥：與水混合時會形成膏狀，定型後體積會增大，比起波特蘭水泥泥膏膨脹的程度大得多。用來彌補因收縮造成的體積變小，或用來增加<a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%BC%E7%AD%8B" title="鋼筋">鋼筋</a>的抗張壓力。</li> <li>熔渣水泥：以高爐熔渣顆粒和<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%9F%E7%9F%B3%E7%81%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="熟石灰">熟石灰</a>共同磨碎而製成。</li> <li>鎂氧水泥：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96%E9%95%81" title="氧化镁">氧化鎂</a>與水的混合物，通常會另外加入<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%9F%E5%8B%95%E6%88%B0%E5%A3%ABGUNDAM" title="機動戰士GUNDAM">石制灰有机</a>纖維。用來遮蓋如蒸氣管及熔爐之類的物體<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>水泥：用來建造雕塑的水泥。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="非水硬性水泥"><span id=".E9.9D.9E.E6.B0.B4.E7.A1.AC.E6.80.A7.E6.B0.B4.E6.B3.A5"></span>非水硬性水泥</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：非水硬性水泥"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%B3%E7%81%B0%E8%86%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="石灰膏（页面不存在）">石灰膏</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%B3%E5%88%B6%E7%81%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="石制灰（页面不存在）">石制灰</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="生產過程"><span id=".E7.94.9F.E7.94.A2.E9.81.8E.E7.A8.8B"></span>生產過程</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：生產過程"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Norcem_Brevik_fra_sj%C3%B8en.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Norcem_Brevik_fra_sj%C3%B8en.JPG/250px-Norcem_Brevik_fra_sj%C3%B8en.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="166" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Norcem_Brevik_fra_sj%C3%B8en.JPG/375px-Norcem_Brevik_fra_sj%C3%B8en.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Norcem_Brevik_fra_sj%C3%B8en.JPG/500px-Norcem_Brevik_fra_sj%C3%B8en.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="681" /></a><figcaption>水泥廠</figcaption></figure> <p>水泥的生产，一般可分生料磨制、煅烧和水泥制成等三个工序。 </p><p>生料磨制即石灰石和黏土等原料，進行磨机磨细之工序；煅烧即把已加工之原料放入窑；燒完後再經過粉磨，就成為水泥。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="熟料"><span id=".E7.86.9F.E6.96.99"></span>熟料</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：熟料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>熟料是<b>水泥</b>制作过程中的一个中间产品，其原料主要是石灰石和黏土。<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%81%B0%E7%9F%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="石灰石">石灰石</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8F%E5%9C%9F" title="黏土">黏土</a>等材料经过高温<a href="/wiki/%E7%85%85%E7%83%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="煅烧">煅烧</a>，形成<a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%97%E7%B2%92" title="颗粒">颗粒</a>状的小圆球即为水泥熟料。 </p><p><b>天然水泥的製造方法：</b> </p><p>將純石灰石（碳酸鈣）長時間加熱，以除去其中所含有的二氧化碳產生氧化鈣，其可在水中快速的溶解並放出大量熱，且形成了在水中不固化的氫氧化鈣，最後和空氣中的二氧化碳結合成碳酸鈣。像這種石灰石經過鍛燒後，得到其中含20~35%的矽土和礬土的產物，即稱為天然水泥。如果石灰石含有百分之二十五的黏土物質時，其經過鍛燒後會形成不在水中分解且含有10~20%的矽土和礬土的產物，便稱為水硬性石灰。 </p><p><b>鋁質水泥的製造：</b> </p><p>鋁質水泥是一種具抗硫酸鹽特性且可快速硬化的水泥。鋁質水泥是由石灰石和鐵礬土混合物的鍛燒，直到其熔解的產物。它快速硬化的性質，使得它特別適合於交通量頻繁的道路修護。它的抗鹽性也使得其可在曝曬於冰雪的道路使用。 </p><p><b>波特蘭水泥的製造：</b> </p><p>它是水硬水泥的一種類型，而非品牌之名稱。凡是由燒結物質所製得的水泥即為波特蘭水泥。波特蘭水泥的原料，基本上是含石灰的物質，如石灰石和泥灰、白堊石等，及含黏土的物質，如泥土、頁岩和火山岩等。其成份的組成濃度必須非常精確，有時亦加入其他珍貴石類。 </p><p>製作過程中，先引爆山上的石塊以取得石灰塊，然後將其打破、粉碎成精細的粉末。再和頁岩、黏土或其他物質充分混合。此混合步驟可在採石場中進行。在乾式的過程中所有的粉碎和混雜都是用乾式的材料來做，最後的混合物是在碾碎機中完成的。接著在濕式過程中，最後的磨碎過程是在水泥漿中進行，混合物的製作是在磨碎機也在大桶中進行。在此兩大過程中，最主要在控制最後供給燒爐的物件。泥漿被放入燒爐鍛燒後，水份會先被蒸發掉。一些化合物在燃燒過程中會液化成各種圓形物，此即為波特蘭水泥熔塊。添料由燒爐的尾端進入冷卻器中，再與石膏一起被磨成細粉狀，即得波特蘭水泥。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="除英泥方法"><span id=".E9.99.A4.E8.8B.B1.E6.B3.A5.E6.96.B9.E6.B3.95"></span>除英泥方法</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：除英泥方法"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brickworks_in_Hainan_-_cement_vessel,_maker,_stacker_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Brickworks_in_Hainan_-_cement_vessel%2C_maker%2C_stacker_01.jpg/220px-Brickworks_in_Hainan_-_cement_vessel%2C_maker%2C_stacker_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Brickworks_in_Hainan_-_cement_vessel%2C_maker%2C_stacker_01.jpg/330px-Brickworks_in_Hainan_-_cement_vessel%2C_maker%2C_stacker_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Brickworks_in_Hainan_-_cement_vessel%2C_maker%2C_stacker_01.jpg/440px-Brickworks_in_Hainan_-_cement_vessel%2C_maker%2C_stacker_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2884" /></a><figcaption>海南島的水泥磚廠</figcaption></figure> <p>要去除紅毛泥、水泥及英泥漬，一般清潔劑是不可能的，因為一般家居清潔劑都是屬鹼性的清潔劑，僅能消除油污、灰塵及普通污垢。而紅毛泥、水泥及英泥是一種弱鹼性物質，所以必需使用帶酸性的洗滌劑才能把英泥漬去除。然而利用強酸或鏹水可以洗去部分英泥漬，但是，原料使用時不方便、滲透力差並且危險，控制不佳時，可能將地板或磚面的光澤連英泥一並洗去。市面上有些酸性比較溫和及專門針對英泥漬的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%99%A4%E8%8B%B1%E6%B3%A5%E6%BC%AC%E5%8A%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="除英泥漬劑（页面不存在）">除英泥漬劑</a>可供使用。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="產品"><span id=".E7.94.A2.E5.93.81"></span>產品</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：產品"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>一般水泥廠的包裝使用袋裝、太空包袋與散裝，也有廠商使用粉煤灰、煤渣、煤矸石、尾礦渣、化工渣或天然砂、海塗泥等一種或數種原料使用水泥為凝固劑，製作為水泥磚；或將水泥和砂、石混合倒入瓦片模型製作為水泥瓦。<sup id="cite_ref-產業價值鏈資訊平台_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-產業價值鏈資訊平台-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="用法与固化机制"><span id=".E7.94.A8.E6.B3.95.E4.B8.8E.E5.9B.BA.E5.8C.96.E6.9C.BA.E5.88.B6"></span>用法与固化机制</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：用法与固化机制"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>水泥的主要用于混凝土制作。混凝土是水泥、砂和骨料的混合物，通过水泥的固化机制形成坚固的结构。水泥在建筑领域有广泛的应用，包括建造房屋、桥梁、道路等基础设施。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="用法"><span id=".E7.94.A8.E6.B3.95"></span>用法</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：用法"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b>混凝土製作</b>：主要用於混凝土的製備，通過與砂和骨料的混合，形成堅固的建築材料。</li> <li><b>修補與翻新</b>：用於修補破損的建築表面，進行建築翻新和維護工作。</li> <li><b>砌築</b>：作為粘結劑，用於磚、砌塊等建築材料的粘結。</li> <li><b>地基加固</b>：在地基工程中使用以加固土壤，提高地基的穩定性。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="固化机制"><span id=".E5.9B.BA.E5.8C.96.E6.9C.BA.E5.88.B6"></span>固化机制</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：固化机制"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>水泥与水发生水化反应，产生水化产物，使混凝土逐渐硬化。水泥中的硅酸盐与水发生反应，形成硅酸盐凝胶，增强混凝土的强度。钙矾石晶体在水泥中逐渐生长，促使混凝土逐渐固化和硬化。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="工業廢棄物回收"><span id=".E5.B7.A5.E6.A5.AD.E5.BB.A2.E6.A3.84.E7.89.A9.E5.9B.9E.E6.94.B6"></span>工業廢棄物回收</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：工業廢棄物回收"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>水泥業的製作過程可以使用生活與工業廢棄物作為水泥製程的原料與燃料，電子業的廢光阻液、異丙醇及廢溶劑，以及汽車業的廢輪胎碎片，可以作為輔助燃料，另外也將氟化鈣汙泥、有機汙泥、無機汙泥、淨水汙泥、電廠煤灰、底灰、化鐵爐爐渣、焚化爐底渣、廢鑄砂、廢熱煤油、工程廢棄物、泥燃劑、碳酸鈣廢料、廢壓模膠、脫硫石膏、煉鋼礦泥、煉鋼轉爐石、廢棄土、石材汙泥、鋁渣等廢棄物運用於水泥業生產，在台灣2014年的水泥業產量為12,340,220公噸，共回收事業廢棄物1,352,128公斤，平均每公噸水泥回收109公斤事業廢棄物。<sup id="cite_ref-台灣水泥產業發展之產業關聯效果研析_2016_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-台灣水泥產業發展之產業關聯效果研析_2016-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="世界水泥工业"><span id=".E4.B8.96.E7.95.8C.E6.B0.B4.E6.B3.A5.E5.B7.A5.E4.B8.9A"></span>世界水泥工业</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：世界水泥工业"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>2006年，据估计，中国生产了12.35亿吨水泥，占世界水泥总产量的44%<sup id="cite_ref-NEAA070619b_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NEAA070619b-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。“受建筑支出缓慢但健康增长的推动，中国对水泥的需求预计将每年增长5.4%，2008年将超过10亿吨。中国的水泥消费量将占全球需求的44%，中国将在很大程度上保持全球最大的水泥消费国地位。”<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>2010年，全球消耗了33亿吨水泥。其中，中国占18亿吨.<sup id="cite_ref-worldcoal_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-worldcoal-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%81%B0%E6%B3%A5" title="灰泥">灰泥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%BC%BF" title="砂漿">砂漿</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%AF%E7%B1%B3%E7%A0%82%E6%BC%BF" title="糯米砂漿">糯米砂漿</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db1x.sinica.edu.tw/caat/caat_rptcaatc.php?_op=?SUBJECT_ID:300010419">藝術與建築索引典—硫水泥</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2018年3月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup>於2010年12月3日查閱</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db1x.sinica.edu.tw/caat/caat_rptcaatc.php?_op=?SUBJECT_ID:300010368">藝術與建築索引典—瀝青水泥</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2018年3月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup>於2010年12月3日开始查閱</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://db1x.sinica.edu.tw/caat/caat_rptcaatc.php?_op=?SUBJECT_ID:300010410">藝術與建築索引典—鎂氧水泥</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:失效链接"><span title="自2018年3月失效">永久失效連結</span></a>]</span></sup>於2010年12月3日查閱</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wellconnected.com.hk/Product_images/demo_2/PCTC_tile.jpg">除英泥方法</a>. 2014年2月3日. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140220184155/http://www.wellconnected.com.hk/Product_images/demo_2/PCTC_tile.jpg">存档</a>于2014年2月20日）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&rft.btitle=%E9%99%A4%E8%8B%B1%E6%B3%A5%E6%96%B9%E6%B3%95&rft.date=2014-02-03&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wellconnected.com.hk%2FProduct_images%2Fdemo_2%2FPCTC_tile.jpg&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-產業價值鏈資訊平台-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-產業價值鏈資訊平台_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">水泥產業鏈簡介_2019"> <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ic.tpex.org.tw/introduce.php?ic=1000">產業價值鏈資訊平台 > 水泥產業鏈簡介</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-10-01</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181023234147/http://ic.tpex.org.tw/introduce.php?ic=1000">存档</a>于2018-10-23） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（臺灣）网页">（中文（臺灣））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&rft.btitle=%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD%E5%83%B9%E5%80%BC%E9%8F%88%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E5%B9%B3%E5%8F%B0+%3E+%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD%E9%8F%88%E7%B0%A1%E4%BB%8B&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fic.tpex.org.tw%2Fintroduce.php%3Fic%3D1000&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-台灣水泥產業發展之產業關聯效果研析_2016-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-台灣水泥產業發展之產業關聯效果研析_2016_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">財團法人成大礦冶資源科技文教基金會. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.acc.com.tw/download/special/opinion/%e5%8f%b0%e7%81%a3%e6%b0%b4%e6%b3%a5%e7%94%a2%e6%a5%ad%e7%99%bc%e5%b1%95%e4%b9%8b%e7%94%a2%e6%a5%ad%e9%97%9c%e8%81%af%e6%95%88%e6%9e%9c%e7%a0%94%e6%9e%90%e7%b0%a1%e5%a0%b111.15.pdf">台灣水泥產業發展之產業關聯效果研析簡報</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. 2016-11-15 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-10-01</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200329232338/https://www.acc.com.tw/download/special/opinion/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E4%B9%8B%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD%E9%97%9C%E8%81%AF%E6%95%88%E6%9E%9C%E7%A0%94%E6%9E%90%E7%B0%A1%E5%A0%B111.15.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2020-03-29）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&rft.au=%E8%B2%A1%E5%9C%98%E6%B3%95%E4%BA%BA%E6%88%90%E5%A4%A7%E7%A4%A6%E5%86%B6%E8%B3%87%E6%BA%90%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E6%96%87%E6%95%99%E5%9F%BA%E9%87%91%E6%9C%83&rft.btitle=%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E4%B9%8B%E7%94%A2%E6%A5%AD%E9%97%9C%E8%81%AF%E6%95%88%E6%9E%9C%E7%A0%94%E6%9E%90+%E7%B0%A1%E5%A0%B1&rft.date=2016-11-15&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.acc.com.tw%2Fdownload%2Fspecial%2Fopinion%2F%25e5%258f%25b0%25e7%2581%25a3%25e6%25b0%25b4%25e6%25b3%25a5%25e7%2594%25a2%25e6%25a5%25ad%25e7%2599%25bc%25e5%25b1%2595%25e4%25b9%258b%25e7%2594%25a2%25e6%25a5%25ad%25e9%2597%259c%25e8%2581%25af%25e6%2595%2588%25e6%259e%259c%25e7%25a0%2594%25e6%259e%2590%25e7%25b0%25a1%25e5%25a0%25b111.15.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NEAA070619b-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NEAA070619b_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mnp.nl/en/dossiers/Climatechange/moreinfo/Chinanowno1inCO2emissionsUSAinsecondposition.html">China now no. 1 in CO<sub>2</sub> emissions; USA in second position: more info</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070703030047/http://www.mnp.nl/en/dossiers/Climatechange/moreinfo/Chinanowno1inCO2emissionsUSAinsecondposition.html">存檔</a>，存档日期3 July 2007., <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Netherlands_Environmental_Assessment_Agency&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency（页面不存在）">NEAA</a></i> (19 June 2007).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090427075804/http://cementamericas.com/mag/cement_chinas_cement_demand/">China's cement demand to top 1 billion tonnes in 2008</a>, CementAmericas (1 November 2004).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-worldcoal-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-worldcoal_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcoal.org/coal/uses-of-coal/coal-cement/">Coal and Cement</a>. World Coal Association <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110808003702/http://www.worldcoal.org/coal/uses-of-coal/coal-cement/">存檔</a>，存档日期8 August 2011.</span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655520">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90" title="维基共享资源">维基共享资源</a>上的相关多媒体资源：<a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Cement" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Cement"><span style="font-weight:bold;">水泥</span></a></div></div> </div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:" :"}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li::after{content:" | ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li::after{content:" - ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-comma li::after{content:"、";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:"（"counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output ul.cslist,.mw-parser-output ul.sslist{margin:0;padding:0;display:inline-block;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .cslist li,.mw-parser-output .sslist li{margin:0;display:inline-block}.mw-parser-output .cslist li::after{content:"，"}.mw-parser-output .sslist li::after{content:"；"}.mw-parser-output .cslist li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .sslist li:last-child::after{content:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="建築材料" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="Template:建築材料"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="Template talk:建築材料"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:建築材料"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="建築材料" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="建筑材料">建築材料</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">水泥</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="混凝土">混凝土</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%80%9D%E9%9D%92" title="瀝青">瀝青</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="建築物">建築物</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99" title="沙">砂</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%B5%9D%E5%8D%B5%E7%9F%B3" title="鵝卵石">鵝卵石</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%97%E6%A2%81" title="工字梁">工字梁</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%BC%E7%AD%8B" title="鋼筋">鋼筋</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%9A" title="磚">磚</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%93%B7%E7%A0%96" title="瓷砖">瓷磚</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%93%A6" title="瓦">瓦</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%82%E6%96%99" title="涂料">涂料</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="混凝土" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="Template:混凝土"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:混凝土（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:混凝土"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="混凝土" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="混凝土">混凝土</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="混凝土">歷史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89" title="古羅馬建築">古羅馬建築</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="羅馬建築革命" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Roman architectural revolution"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="羅馬建築革命（页面不存在）">羅馬建築革命</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roman_architectural_revolution" class="extiw" title="en:Roman architectural revolution"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Roman architectural revolution</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="羅馬混凝土">羅馬混凝土</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古羅馬工程技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ancient Roman engineering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古羅馬工程技術（页面不存在）">古羅馬工程技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Roman_engineering" class="extiw" title="en:Ancient Roman engineering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ancient Roman engineering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古羅馬技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ancient Roman technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古羅馬技術（页面不存在）">古羅馬技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Roman_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Ancient Roman technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ancient Roman technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土種類" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Types of concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E7%A8%AE%E9%A1%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土種類（页面不存在）">成分</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_of_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Types of concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Types of concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">水泥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="波特蘭水泥">波特蘭水泥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4" title="水">水</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E7%81%B0%E6%AF%94" title="水灰比">水灰比</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AA%A8%E6%96%99" title="骨料">骨料</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A2%E7%AD%8B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="钢筋混凝土">钢筋混凝土</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="飛灰" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fly ash"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9B%E7%81%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="飛灰（页面不存在）">飛灰</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fly_ash" class="extiw" title="en:Fly ash"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fly ash</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="磨碎粒狀高爐礦渣" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ground granulated blast-furnace slag"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A3%A8%E7%A2%8E%E7%B2%92%E7%8B%80%E9%AB%98%E7%88%90%E7%A4%A6%E6%B8%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="磨碎粒狀高爐礦渣（页面不存在）">磨碎粒狀高爐礦渣</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_granulated_blast-furnace_slag" class="extiw" title="en:Ground granulated blast-furnace slag"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ground granulated blast-furnace slag</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="微矽粉" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Silica fume"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%BE%AE%E7%9F%BD%E7%B2%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="微矽粉（页面不存在）">微矽粉</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silica_fume" class="extiw" title="en:Silica fume"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Silica fume</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="偏高嶺土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Metakaolin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%81%8F%E9%AB%98%E5%B6%BA%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="偏高嶺土（页面不存在）">偏高嶺土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metakaolin" class="extiw" title="en:Metakaolin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Metakaolin</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">生產</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土攪拌廠" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Concrete_plant"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E6%94%AA%E6%8B%8C%E5%BB%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土攪拌廠（页面不存在）">攪拌廠</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_plant" class="extiw" title="en:Concrete plant"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Concrete_plant</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土攪拌機" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Concrete mixer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E6%90%85%E6%8B%8C%E6%9C%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="混凝土搅拌机">混凝土攪拌機</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_mixer" class="extiw" title="en:Concrete mixer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Concrete mixer</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土現場攪拌車" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Volumetric concrete mixer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E7%8F%BE%E5%A0%B4%E6%94%AA%E6%8B%8C%E8%BB%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土現場攪拌車（页面不存在）">混凝土現場攪拌車</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Volumetric_concrete_mixer" class="extiw" title="en:Volumetric concrete mixer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Volumetric concrete mixer</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="反轉式混凝土攪拌機" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Reversing drum mixer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E8%BD%89%E5%BC%8F%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E6%94%AA%E6%8B%8C%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反轉式混凝土攪拌機（页面不存在）">反轉式混凝土攪拌機</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reversing_drum_mixer" class="extiw" title="en:Reversing drum mixer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Reversing drum mixer</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土塌度測試" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Concrete slump test"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E5%A1%8C%E5%BA%A6%E6%B8%AC%E8%A9%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土塌度測試（页面不存在）">混凝土塌度測試</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_slump_test" class="extiw" title="en:Concrete slump test"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Concrete slump test</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土稠度測試" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Flow table test"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E7%A8%A0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B8%AC%E8%A9%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土稠度測試（页面不存在）">混凝土稠度測試</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flow_table_test" class="extiw" title="en:Flow table test"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Flow table test</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="混凝土">混凝土</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土保護層" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Concrete cover"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7%E5%B1%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土保護層（页面不存在）">混凝土保護層</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_cover" class="extiw" title="en:Concrete cover"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Concrete cover</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土保護層測量計" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cover meter"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7%E5%B1%A4%E6%B8%AC%E9%87%8F%E8%A8%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土保護層測量計（页面不存在）">混凝土保護層測量計</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cover_meter" class="extiw" title="en:Cover meter"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cover meter</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8B%BC%E7%AD%8B" title="鋼筋">鋼筋</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">建造</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%90%E9%91%84%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="預鑄混凝土">預鑄混凝土</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="現澆混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cast-in-place concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%B0%E6%B5%87%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="现浇混凝土">現澆混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cast-in-place_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Cast-in-place concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cast-in-place concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF_(%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89)" title="模板 (建築)">模板</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="爬升模板" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Climbing formwork"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%88%AC%E5%8D%87%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="爬升模板（页面不存在）">爬升模板</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climbing_formwork" class="extiw" title="en:Climbing formwork"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Climbing formwork</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="滑膜" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Slip forming"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BB%91%E8%86%9C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="滑膜（页面不存在）">滑膜</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slip_forming" class="extiw" title="en:Slip forming"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Slip forming</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="抹平" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Screed"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%B9%E5%B9%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="抹平（页面不存在）">抹平</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Screed" class="extiw" title="en:Screed"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Screed</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="動力混凝土抹板" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Power concrete screed"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E6%8A%B9%E6%9D%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="動力混凝土抹板（页面不存在）">動力混凝土抹板</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_concrete_screed" class="extiw" title="en:Power concrete screed"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Power concrete screed</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土整面機" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Concrete finisher"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E6%95%B4%E9%9D%A2%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土整面機（页面不存在）">混凝土整面機</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_finisher" class="extiw" title="en:Concrete finisher"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Concrete finisher</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土研磨機" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Concrete grinder"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E7%A0%94%E7%A3%A8%E6%A9%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土研磨機（页面不存在）">混凝土研磨機</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_grinder" class="extiw" title="en:Concrete grinder"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Concrete grinder</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="動力鏝刀" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Power trowel"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8B%95%E5%8A%9B%E9%8F%9D%E5%88%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="動力鏝刀（页面不存在）">動力鏝刀</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_trowel" class="extiw" title="en:Power trowel"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Power trowel</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土泵" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Concrete pump"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E6%B3%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土泵（页面不存在）">混凝土泵</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_pump" class="extiw" title="en:Concrete pump"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Concrete pump</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="水泥磨光器" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Concrete float"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5%E7%A3%A8%E5%85%89%E5%99%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="水泥磨光器（页面不存在）">水泥磨光器</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_float" class="extiw" title="en:Concrete float"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Concrete float</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土密封劑" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Concrete sealer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E5%AF%86%E5%B0%81%E5%8A%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土密封劑（页面不存在）">混凝土密封劑</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_sealer" class="extiw" title="en:Concrete sealer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Concrete sealer</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土導管" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Tremie"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E5%B0%8E%E7%AE%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土導管（页面不存在）">混凝土導管</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tremie" class="extiw" title="en:Tremie"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Tremie</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">科學信息</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土特性" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Properties of concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E7%89%B9%E6%80%A7&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土特性（页面不存在）">混凝土特性</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Properties_of_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Properties of concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Properties of concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土降解" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Concrete degradation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E9%99%8D%E8%A7%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土降解（页面不存在）">混凝土降解</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_degradation" class="extiw" title="en:Concrete degradation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Concrete degradation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E5%B0%8D%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E9%9F%BF" title="混凝土對環境的影響">混凝土對環境的影響</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土回收" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Concrete recycling"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E5%9B%9E%E6%94%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土回收（页面不存在）">混凝土回收</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_recycling" class="extiw" title="en:Concrete recycling"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Concrete recycling</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土材料離析" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Segregation in concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E9%9B%A2%E6%9E%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土材料離析（页面不存在）">混凝土材料離析</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segregation_in_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Segregation in concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Segregation in concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鹼矽反應" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Alkali–silica reaction"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%B9%BC%E7%9F%BD%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鹼矽反應（页面不存在）">鹼矽反應</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alkali%E2%80%93silica_reaction" class="extiw" title="en:Alkali–silica reaction"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Alkali–silica reaction</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">種類</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="月球混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lunarcrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%88%E7%90%83%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="月球混凝土（页面不存在）">月球混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunarcrete" class="extiw" title="en:Lunarcrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lunarcrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="能量改性水泥" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Energetically modified cement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F%E6%94%B9%E6%80%A7%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="能量改性水泥（页面不存在）">能量改性水泥</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Energetically_modified_cement" class="extiw" title="en:Energetically modified cement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Energetically modified cement</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="纖維增強混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Fiber-reinforced concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BA%96%E7%B6%AD%E5%A2%9E%E5%BC%B7%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="纖維增強混凝土（页面不存在）">纖維增強混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiber-reinforced_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Fiber-reinforced concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Fiber-reinforced concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="花絲式混凝土板" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Filigree concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8A%B1%E7%B5%B2%E5%BC%8F%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E6%9D%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="花絲式混凝土板（页面不存在）">花絲式混凝土板</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filigree_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Filigree concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Filigree concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A1%E6%B2%AB%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="泡沫混凝土">泡沫混凝土</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="整體混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mass concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%B4%E9%AB%94%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="整體混凝土（页面不存在）">整體混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Mass concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mass concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="納米混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nanoconcrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B4%8D%E7%B1%B3%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="納米混凝土（页面不存在）">納米混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanoconcrete" class="extiw" title="en:Nanoconcrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nanoconcrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="透水混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pervious concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%8F%E6%B0%B4%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="透水混凝土（页面不存在）">透水混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pervious_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Pervious concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pervious concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="拋光混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Polished concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8B%8B%E5%85%89%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="拋光混凝土（页面不存在）">拋光混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polished_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Polished concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Polished concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="聚合物混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Polymer concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%81%9A%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="聚合物混凝土（页面不存在）">聚合物混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymer_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Polymer concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Polymer concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%90%E5%8A%9B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="預力混凝土">預力混凝土</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="預拌混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ready-mix concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A0%90%E6%8B%8C%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="預拌混凝土（页面不存在）">預拌混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ready-mix_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Ready-mix concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ready-mix concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A2%E7%AD%8B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="钢筋混凝土">钢筋混凝土</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="碾壓混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Roller-compacted concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A2%BE%E5%A3%93%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="碾壓混凝土（页面不存在）">碾壓混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Roller-compacted_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Roller-compacted concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Roller-compacted concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="羅森代爾混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rosendale cement"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%85%E6%A3%AE%E4%BB%A3%E7%88%BE%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="羅森代爾混凝土（页面不存在）">羅森代爾混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosendale_cement" class="extiw" title="en:Rosendale cement"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rosendale cement</span></a></span>）</span></span>（天然混凝土）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自密實混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Self-consolidating concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E5%AF%86%E5%AF%A6%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自密實混凝土（页面不存在）">自密實混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-consolidating_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Self-consolidating concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Self-consolidating concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自流平混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Self-leveling concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E6%B5%81%E5%B9%B3%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自流平混凝土（页面不存在）">自流平混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Self-leveling_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Self-leveling concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Self-leveling concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="硫磺混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sulfur concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A1%AB%E7%A3%BA%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="硫磺混凝土（页面不存在）">硫磺混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulfur_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Sulfur concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sulfur concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="半透明混凝土" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Translucent concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%8A%E9%80%8F%E6%98%8E%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="半透明混凝土（页面不存在）">半透明混凝土</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Translucent_concrete" class="extiw" title="en:Translucent concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Translucent concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">應用</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土板" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Concrete slab"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E6%9D%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土板（页面不存在）">混凝土板</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_slab" class="extiw" title="en:Concrete slab"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Concrete slab</span></a></span>）</span></span> (<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="格子梁版" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Waffle slab"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%BC%E5%AD%90%E6%A2%81%E7%89%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="格子梁版（页面不存在）">格子梁版</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waffle_slab" class="extiw" title="en:Waffle slab"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Waffle slab</span></a></span>）</span></span>, <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="空心板" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Hollow-core slab"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%BA%E5%BF%83%E6%9D%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="空心板（页面不存在）">空心板</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hollow-core_slab" class="extiw" title="en:Hollow-core slab"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Hollow-core slab</span></a></span>）</span></span>, <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="雙軸空心板" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Voided biaxial slab"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9B%99%E8%BB%B8%E7%A9%BA%E5%BF%83%E6%9D%BF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="雙軸空心板（页面不存在）">雙軸空心板</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voided_biaxial_slab" class="extiw" title="en:Voided biaxial slab"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Voided biaxial slab</span></a></span>）</span></span>, <span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="淺基礎" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Shallow foundation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%BA%E5%9F%BA%E7%A4%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="淺基礎（页面不存在）">淺基礎</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shallow_foundation" class="extiw" title="en:Shallow foundation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Shallow foundation</span></a></span>）</span></span>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BA%E5%BF%83%E7%A3%9A" title="空心磚">空心磚</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="混凝土防撞欄" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Concrete step barrier"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E9%98%B2%E6%92%9E%E6%AC%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="混凝土防撞欄（页面不存在）">混凝土防撞欄</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_step_barrier" class="extiw" title="en:Concrete step barrier"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Concrete step barrier</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E9%9D%A2" title="路面">路面</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="鋼筋混凝土柱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Reinforced concrete column"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%8B%BC%E7%AD%8B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E6%9F%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="鋼筋混凝土柱（页面不存在）">鋼筋混凝土柱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reinforced_concrete_column" class="extiw" title="en:Reinforced concrete column"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Reinforced concrete column</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%A2%E7%AD%8B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="钢筋混凝土">钢筋混凝土</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">相關機構</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="美國混凝土學會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="American Concrete Institute"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="美國混凝土學會（页面不存在）">美國混凝土學會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_Concrete_Institute" class="extiw" title="en:American Concrete Institute"><span lang="en" dir="auto">American Concrete Institute</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="英國結構工程師學會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Institution of Structural Engineers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%AB%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="英國結構工程師學會（页面不存在）">英國結構工程師學會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Institution_of_Structural_Engineers" class="extiw" title="en:Institution of Structural Engineers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Institution of Structural Engineers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印度混凝土研究所" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Indian Concrete Institute"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度混凝土研究所（页面不存在）">印度混凝土研究所</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_Concrete_Institute" class="extiw" title="en:Indian Concrete Institute"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Indian Concrete Institute</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Nanocem" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Nanocem"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nanocem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nanocem（页面不存在）">Nanocem</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanocem" class="extiw" title="en:Nanocem"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Nanocem</span></a></span>）</span></span>（協會，專門研究水泥和混凝土在納米和微米尺度時的性能）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="波特蘭水泥協會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Portland Cement Association"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="波特蘭水泥協會（页面不存在）">波特蘭水泥協會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portland_Cement_Association" class="extiw" title="en:Portland Cement Association"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Portland Cement Association</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="國際結構混凝土聯合會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="International Federation for Structural Concrete"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="國際結構混凝土聯合會（页面不存在）">國際結構混凝土聯合會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Federation_for_Structural_Concrete" class="extiw" title="en:International Federation for Structural Concrete"><span lang="en" dir="auto">International Federation for Structural Concrete</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">標準</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Eurocode 2" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eurocode_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eurocode 2（页面不存在）">Eurocode 2</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurocode_2:_Design_of_concrete_structures" class="extiw" title="en:Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures</span></a></span>）</span></span>（歐洲，與混凝土施工相關的技術規則）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E8%98%AD%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="波特蘭水泥">波特蘭水泥</a>#EN 197-1（歐洲，與波特蘭水泥相關的標準）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="EN 206+A2" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="EN 206+A2"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=EN_206%2BA2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EN 206+A2（页面不存在）">EN 206+A2</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EN_206%2BA2" class="extiw" title="en:EN 206+A2"><span lang="en" dir="auto">EN 206+A2</span></a></span>）</span></span>（歐洲，關於混凝土及相關產品標準）</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="EN 10080" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="EN 10080"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=EN_10080&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="EN 10080（页面不存在）">EN 10080</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EN_10080" class="extiw" title="en:EN 10080"><span lang="en" dir="auto">EN 10080</span></a></span>）</span></span>（歐洲，用於混凝土加固鋼材標準）</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="Category:混凝土">Category:混凝土</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/850432/">FAST</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">各地</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX525894">西班牙</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119757055">法国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb119757055">BnF data</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4067574-9">德国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007284980005171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85021731">美国</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000074350&P_CON_LNG=ENG">拉脱维亚</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00570636">日本</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="cement"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph119096&CON_LNG=ENG">捷克</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">学术</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300010362">AAT</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/014020">瑞士历史词典</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027790223">IdRef</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=水泥&oldid=84384674">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=水泥&oldid=84384674</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB" title="Special:页面分类">分类</a>：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5" title="Category:水泥">水泥</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%B7%B7%E5%87%9D%E5%9C%9F" title="Category:混凝土">混凝土</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%BB%BA%E7%AD%91%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99" title="Category:建筑材料">建筑材料</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">隐藏分类：<ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA2018%E5%B9%B43%E6%9C%88%E5%B8%A6%E6%9C%89%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E7%9A%84%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:自2018年3月带有失效链接的条目">自2018年3月带有失效链接的条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE%E6%9C%89%E6%B0%B8%E4%B9%85%E5%A4%B1%E6%95%88%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%96%E9%83%A8%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Category:条目有永久失效的外部链接">条目有永久失效的外部链接</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BFwayback%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Category:Webarchive模板wayback链接">Webarchive模板wayback链接</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%87%AA2020%E5%B9%B410%E6%9C%88%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E5%BE%9E%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%BF%BB%E8%AD%AF%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:自2020年10月需要從英語維基百科翻譯的條目">自2020年10月需要從英語維基百科翻譯的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E5%BE%9E%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E7%BF%BB%E8%AD%AF%E7%9A%84%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:需要從英語維基百科翻譯的條目">需要從英語維基百科翻譯的條目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E8%B5%84%E6%BA%90%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8%E4%BA%86%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E4%B8%8A%E7%9A%84%E5%8C%B9%E9%85%8D%E9%A1%B9" title="Category:维基共享资源分类链接使用了维基数据上的匹配项">维基共享资源分类链接使用了维基数据上的匹配项</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABFAST%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含FAST标识符的维基百科条目">包含FAST标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABBNE%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含BNE标识符的维基百科条目">包含BNE标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABBNF%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目">包含BNF标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABBNFdata%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目">包含BNFdata标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABGND%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含GND标识符的维基百科条目">包含GND标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABJ9U%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含J9U标识符的维基百科条目">包含J9U标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABLCCN%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含LCCN标识符的维基百科条目">包含LCCN标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABLNB%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含LNB标识符的维基百科条目">包含LNB标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABNDL%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目">包含NDL标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABNKC%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含NKC标识符的维基百科条目">包含NKC标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABAAT%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含AAT标识符的维基百科条目">包含AAT标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABHDS%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含HDS标识符的维基百科条目">包含HDS标识符的维基百科条目</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%85%E5%90%ABSUDOC%E6%A0%87%E8%AF%86%E7%AC%A6%E7%9A%84%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:包含SUDOC标识符的维基百科条目">包含SUDOC标识符的维基百科条目</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> 本页面最后修订于2024年9月28日 (星期六) 15:26。</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">本站的全部文字在<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.zh">知识共享署名-相同方式共享 4.0协议</a>之条款下提供，附加条款亦可能应用。（请参阅<a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">使用条款</a>）<br /> Wikipedia®和维基百科标志是<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/zh">维基媒体基金会</a>的注册商标；维基™是维基媒体基金会的商标。<br /> 维基媒体基金会是按美国国內稅收法501(c)(3)登记的<a class="external text" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Tax_deductibility">非营利慈善机构</a>。<br /></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">隐私政策</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%B3%E4%BA%8E">关于维基百科</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%85%8D%E8%B4%A3%E5%A3%B0%E6%98%8E">免责声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">行为准则</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">开发者</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/zh.wikipedia.org">统计</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie声明</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//zh.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">手机版视图</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-rpq2w","wgBackendResponseTime":219,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.811","walltime":"1.153","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5256,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":201733,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":6450,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":29,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":80,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":34391,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 961.098 1 -total"," 31.98% 307.323 2 Template:Navbox"," 23.04% 221.391 1 Template:Concrete_navbox"," 17.57% 168.837 56 Template:Tsl"," 15.54% 149.341 1 Template:Expand_language"," 13.70% 131.641 1 Template:Ambox"," 12.29% 118.162 1 Template:Commonscat"," 11.95% 114.814 1 Template:Sister_project"," 11.73% 112.721 1 Template:Side_box"," 10.12% 97.301 1 Template:建築材料"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.415","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":7316618,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-647f8b45db-dmp64","timestamp":"20241118192857","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u6c34\u6ce5","url":"https:\/\/zh.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E6%B0%B4%E6%B3%A5","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q45190","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q45190","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u7ef4\u57fa\u5a92\u4f53\u9879\u76ee\u8d21\u732e\u8005"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-06-11T07:01:10Z","dateModified":"2024-09-28T15:26:30Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/4\/40\/CementMixingWithSand.jpg","headline":"\u5efa\u7b51\u6750\u6599"}</script> </body> </html>