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Available in 4 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-4" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">4 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C3%BCndungsurkunde_des_Klosters_Tihany" title="Gründungsurkunde des Klosters Tihany – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gründungsurkunde des Klosters Tihany" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitui_fundinte_de_la_abaderia_de_Tihany" title="Constitui fundinte de la abaderia de Tihany – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Constitui fundinte de la abaderia de Tihany" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tihanyi_alap%C3%ADt%C3%B3lev%C3%A9l" title="Tihanyi alapítólevél – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tihanyi alapítólevél" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%E1%BA%BFn_ch%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_th%C3%A0nh_l%E1%BA%ADp_tu_vi%E1%BB%87n_%E1%BB%9F_Tihany" title="Hiến chương thành lập tu viện ở Tihany – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hiến chương thành lập tu viện ở Tihany" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1320984#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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decoding="async" width="250" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Tihanyi_ap%C3%A1ts%C3%A1gi_templom.jpg/375px-Tihanyi_ap%C3%A1ts%C3%A1gi_templom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Tihanyi_ap%C3%A1ts%C3%A1gi_templom.jpg/500px-Tihanyi_ap%C3%A1ts%C3%A1gi_templom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="616" data-file-height="821" /></a><figcaption>Abbey church of Tihany</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hungarian_sentence_tihany_11th_c.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Hungarian_sentence_tihany_11th_c.jpg/250px-Hungarian_sentence_tihany_11th_c.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Hungarian_sentence_tihany_11th_c.jpg/375px-Hungarian_sentence_tihany_11th_c.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Hungarian_sentence_tihany_11th_c.jpg/500px-Hungarian_sentence_tihany_11th_c.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="160" /></a><figcaption>The longest Hungarian fragment in the Latin text</figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>establishing charter of the abbey of Tihany</b> is a document known for including the oldest written words in the <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian language</a>. The document, dated to 1055, lists the lands the king donated to the newly founded <a href="/wiki/Tihany_Abbey" title="Tihany Abbey">Tihany Abbey</a>. It is mostly in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>, but contains several Hungarian words and expressions, the longest of which is <i>feheruuaru rea meneh hodu utu rea</i> (in modern Hungarian: <i>Fehérvárra menő hadi útra,</i> 'onto the military road leading to <a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A9kesfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r" title="Székesfehérvár">Fehérvár</a>'). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Establishing_charter_of_the_abbey_of_Tihany&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Benedictine abbey of <a href="/wiki/Tihany" title="Tihany">Tihany</a> was founded by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_I_of_Hungary" title="Andrew I of Hungary">King Andrew I</a> and was dedicated to the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_Mary" class="mw-redirect" title="Virgin Mary">Virgin Mary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aignan_of_Orleans" title="Aignan of Orleans">Aignan of Orleans</a>. The establishing charter is likely to have been composed by <a href="/wiki/Nicholas,_Bishop_of_Gy%C5%91r" title="Nicholas, Bishop of Győr">Bishop Nicholas</a>. The Benedictine monks were settled in Tihany by King Andrew, who had a church and a monastery built for them on the hill of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tihany_peninsula&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tihany peninsula (page does not exist)">Tihany peninsula</a> near <a href="/wiki/Lake_Balaton" title="Lake Balaton">Lake Balaton</a>. The charter, written on <a href="/wiki/Vellum" title="Vellum">vellum</a>, is today in the Benedictine abbey of <a href="/wiki/Pannonhalma" title="Pannonhalma">Pannonhalma</a>. </p><p>The road mentioned must have been a military road from <a href="/wiki/Pannonia" title="Pannonia">Roman times</a>, still used in medieval times. It was the most important road from Fehérvár to the south. Fehérvár – today <a href="/wiki/Sz%C3%A9kesfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r" title="Székesfehérvár">Székesfehérvár</a> – was one of the most important cities of medieval Hungary.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Content">Content</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Establishing_charter_of_the_abbey_of_Tihany&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Content"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Hungarian words in the text reflect 11th century Hungarian language. Not only proper nouns, but common nouns and expressions are included. The longest of these, <i>& feheruuaru rea meneh hodu utu rea</i> clearly shows a language stage in which the <i>-ra</i> suffix (<i>-re</i> after front vowels) has not yet evolved into a suffix from a <a href="/wiki/Preposition_and_postposition" class="mw-redirect" title="Preposition and postposition">postposition</a>, and in which the final vowels are still preserved (compare 'Feheruuaru' with modern 'Fehérvár' and 'utu' with modern 'út' – don't pay attention to the diacritics as in 1055 Hungarian spelling was not yet developed to show the a/á and u/ú difference, although they must have existed in pronunciation). In total, the document includes 58 Hungarian words, among them <i>Tichon,</i> an early spelling of the name Tihany. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Establishing_charter_of_the_abbey_of_Tihany&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Funeral_Sermon_and_Prayer" title="Funeral Sermon and Prayer">Funeral Sermon and Prayer</a>, the oldest existing text written completely in Hungarian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamentations_of_Mary" title="Lamentations of Mary">Lamentations of Mary</a>, the oldest existing poem in Hungarian</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Establishing_charter_of_the_abbey_of_Tihany&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.benceskiado.hu/index.php?hlid=23">Zelliger Erzsébet: Első nyelvemlékeink és a 950 éves Tihanyi alapítólevél, Új Ember, 2005. november 20.</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090627153757/http://www.benceskiado.hu/index.php?hlid=23">Archived</a> 2009-06-27 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, www.benceskiado.hu</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Establishing_charter_of_the_abbey_of_Tihany&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tihanyiapatsag.hu/downloads/alapito_okirat.pdf">PDF copy of the document</a></li> <li>Mons Sacer 996-1996. Pannonhalma ezer éve. Szerkesztő: Takács Imre. Pannonhalma, 1996</li> <li>Browsing by Citation "Tanulmányok a 950 éves Tihanyi alapítólevél tiszteletére / Szerkesztő: Érszegi Géza. - Tihany, Tihanyi Bencés Apátság, 2007</li> <li>Géza Bárczi: A tihanyi apátság alapítólevele mint nyelvi emlék. Budapest, 1951.</li> <li>Erzsébet Zelliger: A Tihanyi Alapítólevél. Bencés kiadó</li> <li>István Hoffmann: A Tihanyi alapítólevél három szórványáról: Huluoodi, Turku, Ursa</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Establishing_charter_of_the_abbey_of_Tihany&oldid=1170379993">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Establishing_charter_of_the_abbey_of_Tihany&oldid=1170379993</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Medieval_charters_and_cartularies_of_Hungary" title="Category:Medieval charters and cartularies of Hungary">Medieval charters and cartularies of Hungary</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:11th_century_in_Hungary" title="Category:11th century in Hungary">11th century in Hungary</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1050s_works" title="Category:1050s works">1050s works</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_language" title="Category:Hungarian language">Hungarian language</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Hungarian_literature" title="Category:Hungarian literature">Hungarian literature</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Earliest_known_manuscripts_by_language" title="Category:Earliest known manuscripts by language">Earliest known manuscripts by language</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden category: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 14 August 2023, at 18:32<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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