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Here’s everything you need to know about these bone conditions."/><meta property="og:image" content="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/-/scassets/images/org/health/articles/osteopenia"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21855-osteopenia"/><meta property="og:type" content="website"/><meta property="og:site_name" content="Cleveland Clinic"/><meta property="twitter:title" content="What’s the Difference Between Osteopenia vs. Osteoporosis?"/><meta property="twitter:description" content="Osteopenia is decreased bone density that’s not severe enough to qualify as osteoporosis. Here’s everything you need to know about these bone conditions."/><meta property="twitter:image" content="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/-/scassets/images/org/health/articles/osteopenia"/><meta property="twitter:card" content="summary"/><meta property="twitter:site" content="@ClevelandClinic"/><meta property="twitter:creator" content="@ClevelandClinic"/><title>Osteopenia: What Is It, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment</title><meta name="description" content="Osteopenia is reduced bone density that can be a warning sign of osteoporosis. It’s common in adults older than 50."/><link rel="canonical" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21855-osteopenia"/><meta property="og:title" content="Osteopenia: What Is It, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment"/><meta property="og:description" content="Osteopenia is reduced bone density that can be a warning sign of osteoporosis. It’s common in adults older than 50."/><meta property="og:url" content="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21855-osteopenia"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"/><meta name="twitter:title" content="Osteopenia: What Is It, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment"/><meta name="twitter:description" content="Osteopenia is reduced bone density that can be a warning sign of osteoporosis. 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It’s common in adults older than 50.", "headline": "Osteopenia: What Is It, Symptoms, Causes & Treatment", "datePublished": "2021-10-11T19:07:58Z", "dateModified": "2024-10-01T13:59:09Z", "image": "https://my.clevelandclinic.org/-/scassets/images/org/health/articles/osteopenia" }</script><section data-identity="page-header" class="bg-blue-050 py-rem56px"><div class="container"><div data-identity="breadcrumbs" class="mb-rem24px text-rem13px leading-rem20px tracking-wide hidden bp900:block max-w-headerWide"><div class="inline-block mb-rem8px space-x-rem16px mr-rem16px"><a data-identity="breadcrumb-parent-page" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org" class="uppercase text-blue-600 underline underline-offset-[5px] hover:text-blue-800 transition">Home</a><span data-identity="divider" class="font-medium">/</span></div><div class="inline-block mb-rem8px space-x-rem16px mr-rem16px"><a data-identity="breadcrumb-parent-page" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health" class="uppercase text-blue-600 underline underline-offset-[5px] hover:text-blue-800 transition">Health Library</a><span data-identity="divider" class="font-medium">/</span></div><div class="inline-block mb-rem8px space-x-rem16px mr-rem16px"><a data-identity="breadcrumb-parent-page" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases" class="uppercase text-blue-600 underline underline-offset-[5px] hover:text-blue-800 transition">Diseases & Conditions</a><span data-identity="divider" class="font-medium">/</span></div><span data-identity="breadcrumb-current-page" class="uppercase text-gray-800 inline-block font-semibold">Osteopenia</span></div><div data-identity="sticky-leaderboard-ad"><div data-identity="leaderboard-ad" class="hidden bp1100:flex justify-center my-rem24px "><div class="relative"><span data-identity="side-ad-label" class="absolute uppercase text-rem10px leading-rem16px text-center w-[100px] text-gray-800 top-[37px] left-[-57px] rotate-[-90deg]">Advertisement</span><div data-identity="ad-slot" id="leaderboard_728x90" class="ad-reset min-w-[728px] !min-h-[90px] flex bg-gray-300"></div><span data-identity="side-ad-label" class="absolute uppercase text-rem10px leading-rem16px text-center w-[100px] text-gray-800 top-[37px] right-[-57px] rotate-[90deg]">Advertisement</span></div></div></div><div data-identity="leaderboard-ad-page-header-placeholder" class="hidden "></div><h1 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-black leading-rem44px text-rem40px bp600:text-rem48px bp600:leading-rem52px max-w-headerWide">Osteopenia</h1><div data-identity="horizontal-bar" class="w-[40px] h-[5px] bg-brandBlue-500 mt-rem40px"></div><div class="mt-rem48px"><p data-identity="intro-text" class="font-normal text-rem19px leading-rem32px text-gray-800 bp900:leading-rem34px max-w-body undefined">Osteopenia is the medical definition for bone density loss. It can become osteoporosis if the bone density loss worsens. Some health conditions, habits and medications can increase your osteopenia risk, but it usually happens naturally as you age. Your provider will suggest treatments that slow down bone loss and improve osteopenia.</p></div></div></section><div class="container mt-rem48px mb-rem64px bp900:mb-rem88px"><div data-identity="article-sidebar" class="hidden bp900:block bp900:pl-rem48px bp900:row-span-2 bp900:w-1/3 bp900:float-right"><div style="height:auto"><div class="sticky pt-rem16px mb-rem32px" style="top:0px"><div data-identity="billboard-ad" class="hidden bp1100:flex max-w-[400px] min-w-[300px] m-auto items-center justify-center bg-gray-300 pt-rem16px pb-[2.25rem] mb-rem32px"><div class="max-w-[300px] mx-auto"><p class="text-gray-800 uppercase text-rem10px leading-rem16px mx-auto w-fit">Advertisement</p><div class="hidden bp1100:flex flex-col items-center justify-center"><div data-identity="ad-slot" id="billboard_300x250" class="ad-reset w-[300px] !min-h-[250px] flex bg-gray-300"></div><div data-identity="ad-policy" class="text-rem13px text-gray-900 pt-rem16px max-w-[300px] mx-auto"><p>Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. 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data-identity="static-article-navigation" class="flex flex-wrap gap-y-rem16px gap-x-rem32px"><span class="font-bold text-rem16px inline-block">Contents<svg width="12" height="14" viewBox="0 0 12 14" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="inline-block ml-rem8px mb-[1px]"><title>Arrow Down</title><g><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M4.854 10.6321V1.1465C4.854 0.512102 5.36611 0 6.0005 0C6.6349 0 7.147 0.512102 7.147 1.1465V10.6362L10.143 8.27007C10.6399 7.88026 11.3583 7.96433 11.7558 8.46115C12.1532 8.95796 12.0615 9.67644 11.5647 10.0739L7.20474 13.5132C7.18605 13.529 7.16675 13.5444 7.14683 13.5592C7.10893 13.5877 7.07016 13.6145 7.03062 13.6398C6.84134 13.762 6.63445 13.847 6.42065 13.8949C6.28429 13.9258 6.14568 13.9414 6.00798 13.9414H6.00036H6.00033C5.72411 13.9414 5.45144 13.8845 5.19929 13.766C5.06429 13.7035 4.93533 13.6244 4.81562 13.5287L0.436003 10.0739C-0.0608124 9.68408 -0.144889 8.95796 0.24492 8.46115C0.634729 7.96433 1.36084 7.88026 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inline-block">Living With</a><div id="bottom-of-static-nav"></div></nav><div class="bp900:hidden w-[100vw] duration-300 ease-in-out fixed top-0 left-0 bg-white z-[3] translate-y-[-56px] invisible opacity-0"></div><div data-identity="desktop-sticky-nav" class="hidden bp900:block w-[100vw] fixed top-0 left-0 bg-white z-[3] py-rem16px border-b border-b-gray-400 duration-300 ease-in-out translate-y-[-56px] invisible opacity-0"><div data-identity="desktop-sticky-nav-links" class="flex flex-wrap gap-y-rem16px gap-x-rem32px container text-rem16px"><span class="font-bold text-rem16px inline-block">Contents<svg width="12" height="14" viewBox="0 0 12 14" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="inline-block ml-rem8px mb-[1px]"><title>Arrow Down</title><g><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M4.854 10.6321V1.1465C4.854 0.512102 5.36611 0 6.0005 0C6.6349 0 7.147 0.512102 7.147 1.1465V10.6362L10.143 8.27007C10.6399 7.88026 11.3583 7.96433 11.7558 8.46115C12.1532 8.95796 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hover:text-blue-800 transition inline-block">Management and Treatment</a><a href="#prevention" class="leading-rem23px text-brandBlue-500 hover:text-blue-800 transition inline-block">Prevention</a><a href="#outlook-prognosis" class="leading-rem23px text-brandBlue-500 hover:text-blue-800 transition inline-block">Outlook / Prognosis</a><a href="#living-with" class="leading-rem23px text-brandBlue-500 hover:text-blue-800 transition inline-block">Living With</a></div></div></div></div><div data-identity="main-article-content" class="bp900:pr-rem48px bp900:pt-[1px] bp900:border-r bp900:border-gray-400 bp900:border-1 bp900:w-2/3"><div><div data-identity="article-section" id="overview" class="scroll-mt-[112px]"><h2 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem34px text-rem32px bp600:text-rem40px bp600:leading-rem44px mt-rem56px mb-rem16px break-words">Overview</h2><figure data-identity="figure" itemProp="" itemType="" class="bg-gray-300 bp600:bg-transparent bp900:mt-rem8px bp900:pl-rem16px bp900:pr-0 py-rem16px px-rem24px bp900:max-w-[50%] bp900:float-right bp900:w-[50%]"><img data-identity="featured-image" class="w-full bp600:border-4 bp600:border-gray-300" src="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/-/scassets/images/org/health/articles/osteopenia" alt="Osteopenia is having reduced bone density, but not severely enough to mean have osteoporosis." loading="lazy"/><figcaption data-identity="figure-caption" itemProp="description" class="text-gray-900 text-rem13px leading-rem20px mt-rem12px">Osteopenia is reduced bone density that can become osteoporosis if it’s not treated.</figcaption></figure><div data-identity="rich-text" class=""><h3 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem30px text-rem25px bp600:text-rem32px bp600:leading-rem38px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">What is osteopenia?</h3><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Osteopenia is a loss of bone density. Having reduced bone density means your <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/25176-bones" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">bones</a> don’t have as much mineral content as they should. This can make them weaker and increase your risk of <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15241-bone-fractures" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">bone fractures</a> (broken bones).</p><div data-identity="billboard-ad" class="flex bp1100:hidden max-w-[400px] min-w-[300px] m-auto items-center justify-center bg-gray-300 pt-rem16px pb-[2.25rem] my-rem32px "><div class="max-w-[300px] mx-auto"><p class="text-gray-800 uppercase text-rem10px leading-rem16px mx-auto w-fit">Advertisement</p><div class="flex bp1100:hidden flex-col items-center justify-center"><div data-identity="ad-slot" id="billboard_300x250_mobile" class="ad-reset w-[300px] !min-h-[250px] flex bg-gray-300"></div><div data-identity="ad-policy" class="text-rem13px text-gray-900 pt-rem16px max-w-[300px] mx-auto"><p>Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. <a data-identity="ad-policy-link" href="https://health.clevelandclinic.org/advertising" target="_blank" class="text-blue-600 hover:text-blue-800 transition underline" rel="noreferrer">Policy</a></p></div></div></div></div><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">If you have osteopenia, your bone density is lower than average. It can progress to osteoporosis.</p><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Most people need their bone density checked every few years after they turn 50 or enter <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21837-postmenopause" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">postmenopause</a>, but you might need yours monitored more often. Visit a healthcare provider for regular checkups. They’ll tell you when you’ll need your bone density tested.</p><h4 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem24px text-rem20px bp600:text-rem25px bp600:leading-rem30px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">What’s the difference between osteopenia vs. osteoporosis?</h4><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Osteopenia is an early sign of osteoporosis. Their names sound so similar because they’re closely related.</p><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Osteopenia is the medical definition for having reduced bone density. Osteopenia is the warning sign that means you have an increased osteoporosis and fracture risk.</p><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">If it’s not treated, osteopenia can become osteoporosis. <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4443-osteoporosis" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">Osteoporosis</a> silently weakens your bones. People with osteoporosis are much more likely to break a bone, especially from falls. If you have osteoporosis, even a minor slip that might not normally cause injuries can lead to fractures.</p><h4 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem24px text-rem20px bp600:text-rem25px bp600:leading-rem30px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">How common is osteopenia?</h4><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Experts estimate that more than 40 million Americans have osteopenia. They think around one-third of adults older than 50 have some degree of bone density loss.</p><div data-identity="native-ad-desktop" class="hidden bp1100:block "><div data-identity="native-ad-slot" id="native_desktop" class="ad-reset my-rem64px empty:my-0 *:last:bg-gradient-to-r *:last:bg-[32px] *:last:bg-no-repeat bp1100:w-full bp1100:overflow-hidden *:last:from-blue-050 *:last:to-blue-050"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div data-identity="article-section" id="symptoms-and-causes" class="scroll-mt-[112px]"><h2 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem34px text-rem32px bp600:text-rem40px bp600:leading-rem44px mt-rem56px mb-rem16px break-words">Symptoms and Causes</h2><div data-identity="rich-text" class=""><h3 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem30px text-rem25px bp600:text-rem32px bp600:leading-rem38px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">What are osteopenia symptoms?</h3><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Osteopenia doesn’t usually cause any symptoms you can feel or notice. That’s why healthcare providers sometimes call osteopenia and osteoporosis silent diseases.</p><div data-identity="billboard-ad" class="flex bp1100:hidden max-w-[400px] min-w-[300px] m-auto items-center justify-center bg-gray-300 pt-rem16px pb-[3.125rem] my-rem32px "><div class="max-w-[300px] mx-auto"><p class="text-gray-800 uppercase text-rem10px leading-rem16px mx-auto w-fit">Advertisement</p><div class="flex bp1100:hidden flex-col items-center justify-center"><div data-identity="ad-slot" id="billboard2_300x250_mobile" class="ad-reset w-[300px] !min-h-[250px] flex bg-gray-300"></div></div></div></div><h3 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem30px text-rem25px bp600:text-rem32px bp600:leading-rem38px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">What causes osteopenia?</h3><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Osteopenia usually happens naturally as you age. Your bones are living tissue like any other part of your body. It might not seem like it, but they’re constantly growing, changing and reshaping themselves throughout your life.</p><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Most people lose some bone density as they get older. Your bones are densest around age 25 and start breaking down faster than your body can rebuild them after that. This natural decline doesn’t cause issues in most people. However, if you lose too much bone density, you can develop osteopenia, which may mean you’re more likely to have osteoporosis later in your life.</p><h4 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem24px text-rem20px bp600:text-rem25px bp600:leading-rem30px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">What are the risk factors?</h4><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Anyone can develop osteopenia, but some groups of people are more likely to have it, including:</p><ul data-identity="unordered-list" class="my-rem16px mx-0 pl-[1.25rem] list-disc marker:text-brandBlue-500 marker:pl-rem24px "><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Adults older than 50.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">People <a data-identity="link" href="https://health.clevelandclinic.org/afab-and-amab-meaning/" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">assigned female at birth (AFAB)</a>. People AFAB are four times more likely to have osteopenia than people assigned male at birth (AMAB).</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">People who are in postmenopause.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">People who <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/17488-smoking" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">smoke</a> or use tobacco products.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">People who regularly drink alcohol (more than two drinks per day).</li></ul><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Some health conditions can lower your bone density or worsen osteopenia, including:</p><ul data-identity="unordered-list" class="my-rem16px mx-0 pl-[1.25rem] list-disc marker:text-brandBlue-500 marker:pl-rem24px "><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14129-hyperthyroidism" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">Hyperthyroidism</a>.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/7104-diabetes" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">Diabetes</a>.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15096-chronic-kidney-disease" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">Chronic kidney disease</a> (CKD).</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22987-malnutrition" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">Malnutrition</a>.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">A calcium or <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15050-vitamin-d-vitamin-d-deficiency" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">vitamin D deficiency</a>.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22673-hormonal-imbalance" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">Hormonal imbalances</a> (like <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/5497-cushing-syndrome" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">Cushing syndrome</a>).</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9794-anorexia-nervosa" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">Anorexia</a> and other <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4152-eating-disorders" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">eating disorders</a>.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21624-autoimmune-diseases" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">Autoimmune diseases</a> that affect your bones (like <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4924-rheumatoid-arthritis" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">rheumatoid arthritis</a> or <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/23089-collagen" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">collagen</a> defects).</li></ul><div data-identity="native-ad-mobile" class="mx-auto relative bp1100:hidden bp900:overflow-hidden bp900:w-full"><div data-identity="native-ad-bg" class="absolute bp900:hidden z-[-1] w-full h-full [border-image:conic-gradient(theme(colors.blue.050)_0_0)_fill_0/4rem_0_2rem/2rem_100vw]"></div><div data-identity="native-ad-slot" id="native_mobile" class="ad-reset empty:pb-0 mb-rem56px empty:mb-0 *:last:!mt-rem56px *:last:!mb-rem32px pb-rem32px *:bp900:last:bg-gradient-to-r *:bp900:last:from-blue-050 *:bp900:last:to-blue-050 *:bp900:last:bg-[0_32px] *:bp900:last:bg-no-repeat *:bp900:last:!pb-rem64px bp900:pb-0"></div></div><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Medications that can increase your osteopenia risk include:</p><ul data-identity="unordered-list" class="my-rem16px mx-0 pl-[1.25rem] list-disc marker:text-brandBlue-500 marker:pl-rem24px "><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21826-diuretics" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">Diuretics</a>.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/4812-corticosteroids" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">Corticosteroids</a>.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Medications used to treat <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22789-seizure" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">seizures</a>.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/17108-hormone-therapy-to-treat-cancer" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">Hormone therapy for cancer</a> (including to treat <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/3986-breast-cancer" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">breast cancer</a> or <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8634-prostate-cancer" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">prostate cancer</a>).</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/22288-anticoagulants" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">Anticoagulants</a>.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs, like those that treat <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17019-gerd-or-acid-reflux-or-heartburn-overview" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">acid reflux</a>, which can affect your calcium absorption).</li></ul><h3 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem30px text-rem25px bp600:text-rem32px bp600:leading-rem38px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">What are osteopenia complications?</h3><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Increasing your bone fracture and osteoporosis risk are osteopenia’s main complications. Osteopenia on its own won’t cause symptoms. But having reduced bone density makes you much more likely to break a bone, even after small injuries or falls.</p></div></div></div><div><div data-identity="article-section" id="diagnosis-and-tests" class="scroll-mt-[112px]"><h2 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem34px text-rem32px bp600:text-rem40px bp600:leading-rem44px mt-rem56px mb-rem16px break-words">Diagnosis and Tests</h2><div data-identity="rich-text" class=""><h3 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem30px text-rem25px bp600:text-rem32px bp600:leading-rem38px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">How is osteopenia diagnosed?</h3><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">A healthcare provider will diagnose osteopenia with a <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/10683-dexa-dxa-scan-bone-density-test" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">bone density test</a>. A bone density test is an imaging test that measures the strength of your bones. It uses X-rays to measure how much calcium and other minerals are in your bones.</p><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Checking for changes in your bone density is the best way to catch osteopenia before it becomes osteoporosis. Your provider might suggest you get regular bone density tests if you have a family history of osteoporosis. People AFAB usually need bone density screenings regularly after they turn 50. People assigned male at birth (AMAB) typically need them after age 70.</p><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">If you have osteopenia, you’ll probably need a bone density test every few years to see how your bones have changed.</p><div data-identity="billboard-ad" class="flex bp1100:hidden max-w-[400px] min-w-[300px] m-auto items-center justify-center bg-gray-300 pt-rem16px pb-[3.125rem] my-rem32px "><div class="max-w-[300px] mx-auto"><p class="text-gray-800 uppercase text-rem10px leading-rem16px mx-auto w-fit">Advertisement</p><div class="flex bp1100:hidden flex-col items-center justify-center"><div data-identity="ad-slot" id="billboard3_300x250_mobile" class="ad-reset w-[300px] !min-h-[250px] flex bg-gray-300"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div><div data-identity="article-section" id="management-and-treatment" class="scroll-mt-[112px]"><h2 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem34px text-rem32px bp600:text-rem40px bp600:leading-rem44px mt-rem56px mb-rem16px break-words">Management and Treatment</h2><div data-identity="rich-text" class=""><h3 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem30px text-rem25px bp600:text-rem32px bp600:leading-rem38px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">What is the best treatment for osteopenia?</h3><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Your provider will suggest osteopenia treatments that slow down your bone loss and strengthen your existing bone tissue. The most important part of treating osteopenia is preventing bone fractures and osteoporosis.</p><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">The most common osteopenia treatments include:</p><ul data-identity="unordered-list" class="my-rem16px mx-0 pl-[1.25rem] list-disc marker:text-brandBlue-500 marker:pl-rem24px "><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><strong>Physical activity and exercise: </strong>Staying active can strengthen your bones (and all the tissue connected to them, like your <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/21887-muscle" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">muscles</a>, <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/21738-tendon" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">tendons</a> and <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/21604-ligament" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">ligaments</a>). Your provider might suggest weight-bearing exercises to strengthen your muscles and train your balance. Physical activities that make your body work against gravity like walking, yoga, Pilates and tai chi can improve your strength and balance without putting too much stress on your bones. You might need to work with a <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/24625-physical-therapist" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">physical therapist</a> to find exercises and movements that are right for you.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><strong>Vitamin and mineral supplements:</strong> You might need over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/15049-osteoporosis-prevention-with-calcium-treatment" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">calcium</a> or <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/19456-vitamin-d-capsules-and-tablets" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">vitamin D supplements</a>. Your provider will tell you which type you need, how often you should take them and which dosage you’ll need. Most people don’t need prescription medication to treat osteopenia. Your provider may suggest prescription medication to treat osteoporosis if you develop it later.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><strong>Following an eating plan that’s healthy for you: </strong>Eating enough, and getting the right kinds of vitamins and minerals, can strengthen your bones (and improve your overall health). Your provider or a <a data-identity="link" href="https://health.clevelandclinic.org/dietitian-vs-nutritionist/" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">registered dietitian</a> can help you create an eating plan that fits your unique needs.</li></ul><div data-identity="billboard-ad" class="flex bp1100:hidden max-w-[400px] min-w-[300px] m-auto items-center justify-center bg-gray-300 pt-rem16px pb-[3.125rem] my-rem32px "><div class="max-w-[300px] mx-auto"><p class="text-gray-800 uppercase text-rem10px leading-rem16px mx-auto w-fit">Advertisement</p><div class="flex bp1100:hidden flex-col items-center justify-center"><div data-identity="ad-slot" id="billboard4_300x250_mobile" class="ad-reset w-[300px] !min-h-[250px] flex bg-gray-300"></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="bp900:hidden mx-auto w-fit"><section data-identity="callout" class="flex flex-col justify-start max-w-[375px] bp600:max-w-[856px] bp900:max-w-[375px] bp600:gap-x-rem32px mt-rem48px bp900:mt-0 mb-rem32px"><div class="border-t-[5px] [width:40px] border-forestGreen-500 bp900:w-full"></div><div class="pt-rem16px pb-rem24px items-center flex align-middle"><div class="flex"><svg width="39" height="39" viewBox="0 0 39 39" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="flex-none mr-rem8px"><g><path data-identity="callout-logo-top" d="M29.482 11.7612V18.3536H35.3361C36.9183 18.3536 38.1313 17.0879 38.1313 15.5584V3.11186C38.1313 1.52966 36.8656 0.31665 35.3361 0.31665H22.8896C21.3074 0.31665 20.0944 1.5824 20.0944 3.11186V8.96597H26.6868C28.269 8.91323 29.482 10.179 29.482 11.7612ZM8.33339 11.7612V18.3536H2.53202C0.94983 18.3536 -0.263184 17.0879 -0.263184 15.5584V3.11186C-0.263184 1.52966 1.00257 0.31665 2.53202 0.31665H14.9786C16.5608 0.31665 17.7738 1.5824 17.7738 3.11186V8.96597H11.1813C9.59915 8.91323 8.33339 10.179 8.33339 11.7612Z" fill="#007BC2"></path><path data-identity="callout-logo-bottom" d="M8.33339 27.2665V20.6741H2.53202C0.94983 20.6741 -0.263184 21.9398 -0.263184 23.4693V35.9159C-0.263184 37.498 1.00257 38.7111 2.53202 38.7111H14.9786C16.5608 38.7111 17.7738 37.4453 17.7738 35.9159V30.0617H11.1813C9.59915 30.0617 8.33339 28.8487 8.33339 27.2665ZM29.482 27.2665V20.6741H35.3361C36.9183 20.6741 38.1313 21.9398 38.1313 23.4693V35.9159C38.1313 37.498 36.8656 38.7111 35.3361 38.7111H22.8896C21.3074 38.7111 20.0944 37.4453 20.0944 35.9159V30.0617H26.6868C28.269 30.0617 29.482 28.8487 29.482 27.2665Z" fill="#1b7638"></path></g></svg><div data-identity="callout-title" class="text-rem20px font-bold self-center leading-rem22px bp1100:leading-rem24px text-gray-900">Care at Cleveland Clinic</div></div></div><div data-identity="callout-links" class="justify-start pb-rem24px space-y-rem24px"><div data-identity="callout-detailed-link"><a data-identity="callout-link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/primary-care" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 font-medium underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 hover:text-blue-800 transition">Find a Primary Care Provider</a></div><div data-identity="callout-detailed-link"><a data-identity="callout-link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/primary-care#call-to-action-panel" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 font-medium underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 hover:text-blue-800 transition">Schedule an Appointment</a></div></div></section></div></div><div><div data-identity="article-section" id="prevention" class="scroll-mt-[112px]"><h2 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem34px text-rem32px bp600:text-rem40px bp600:leading-rem44px mt-rem56px mb-rem16px break-words">Prevention</h2><div data-identity="rich-text" class=""><h3 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem30px text-rem25px bp600:text-rem32px bp600:leading-rem38px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">Can you prevent osteopenia?</h3><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">You usually can’t prevent osteopenia. Everyone naturally loses some bone density as they age, and you can’t stop that from happening. Some of the best ways to strengthen your bones and slow bone loss are the same as the treatments for osteopenia. Talk to your provider about ways to improve your bone health if you’re worried about osteopenia or osteoporosis.</p></div></div></div><div><div data-identity="article-section" id="outlook-prognosis" class="scroll-mt-[112px]"><h2 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem34px text-rem32px bp600:text-rem40px bp600:leading-rem44px mt-rem56px mb-rem16px break-words">Outlook / Prognosis</h2><div data-identity="rich-text" class=""><h3 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem30px text-rem25px bp600:text-rem32px bp600:leading-rem38px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">What can I expect if I have osteopenia?</h3><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">You should expect to monitor your bone density for the rest of your life if you have osteopenia. Most people with osteopenia need their bone density checked every few years. Your provider will tell you how often you’ll need bone density tests.</p><h4 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem24px text-rem20px bp600:text-rem25px bp600:leading-rem30px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">Can I reverse my osteopenia?</h4><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Osteopenia is a natural progression of bone loss. But you can slow it down to prevent osteoporosis. The sooner you know you have osteopenia, the better. Once you start treatment, you may slow down your bone loss so much that you never develop osteoporosis. Some people can reverse osteopenia and regain a typical amount of bone density.</p></div></div></div><div><div data-identity="article-section" id="living-with" class="scroll-mt-[112px]"><h2 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem34px text-rem32px bp600:text-rem40px bp600:leading-rem44px mt-rem56px mb-rem16px break-words">Living With</h2><div data-identity="rich-text" class=""><h3 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem30px text-rem25px bp600:text-rem32px bp600:leading-rem38px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">How do I take care of myself?</h3><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Some of the best ways to take care of your bones are great ways to support your overall health:</p><ul data-identity="unordered-list" class="my-rem16px mx-0 pl-[1.25rem] list-disc marker:text-brandBlue-500 marker:pl-rem24px "><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Stay physically active as often as you can.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Get plenty of vitamin D and calcium in your diet.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Limit how much alcohol you drink.</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Avoid smoking and other tobacco products.</li></ul><h3 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem30px text-rem25px bp600:text-rem32px bp600:leading-rem38px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">When should I see my healthcare provider?</h3><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Visit a healthcare provider if you notice any changes in your body that make you worried about your bone health. Tell your provider about any other symptoms you’re experiencing, especially if you have <a data-identity="link" href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/24619-bone-pain" target="_blank" class="text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition">bone pain</a> or trouble moving.</p><div data-identity="billboard-ad" class="flex bp1100:hidden max-w-[400px] min-w-[300px] m-auto items-center justify-center bg-gray-300 pt-rem16px pb-[3.125rem] my-rem32px "><div class="max-w-[300px] mx-auto"><p class="text-gray-800 uppercase text-rem10px leading-rem16px mx-auto w-fit">Advertisement</p><div class="flex bp1100:hidden flex-col items-center justify-center"><div data-identity="ad-slot" id="billboard5_300x250_mobile" class="ad-reset w-[300px] !min-h-[250px] flex bg-gray-300"></div></div></div></div><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Ask your provider how often you should have your bone density checked, especially if someone in your biological family has osteopenia or osteoporosis.</p><h3 data-identity="headline" class="text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem30px text-rem25px bp600:text-rem32px bp600:leading-rem38px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words ">What questions should I ask my healthcare provider?</h3><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">You may want to ask your healthcare provider:</p><ul data-identity="unordered-list" class="my-rem16px mx-0 pl-[1.25rem] list-disc marker:text-brandBlue-500 marker:pl-rem24px "><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">How often should I have my bone density checked?</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Do I have any risk factors?</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Which treatments will I need?</li><li class="mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">What are some good physical activities to improve my bone health?</li></ul><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px "><strong>A note from Cleveland Clinic</strong></p><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Having osteopenia means you have reduced bone density. Some health conditions and medications can cause it or increase your risk, but it usually happens naturally as you age. Most people’s bone density is at its highest around age 25 and slowly decreases over time after that.</p><p data-identity="paragraph-element" class="text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px ">Your healthcare provider will tell you how often you’ll need bone density tests, and which treatments can slow down your bone loss. 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Your bones are living tissue like any other part of your body. It might not seem like it, but they’re constantly growing, changing and reshaping themselves throughout your life.\"]}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"paragraph-element\",\"className\":\"text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[\"Most people lose some bone density as they get older. Your bones are densest around age 25 and start breaking down faster than your body can rebuild them after that. This natural decline doesn’t cause issues in most people. 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People AFAB are four times more likely to have o"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"steopenia than people assigned male at birth (AMAB).\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[\"People who are in postmenopause.\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[\"People who \",[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/17488-smoking\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"smoke\"]}],\" or use tobacco products.\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[\"People who regularly drink alcohol (more than two drinks per day).\"]}]]}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"paragraph-element\",\"className\":\"text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[\"Some health conditions can lower your bone density or worsen osteopenia, including:\"]}],[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"unordered-list\",\"className\":\"my-rem16px mx-0 pl-[1.25rem] list-disc marker:text-brandBlue-500 marker:pl-rem24px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14129-hyperthyroidism\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"Hyperthyroidism\"]}],\".\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/7104-diabetes\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"Diabetes\"]}],\".\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15096-chronic-kidney-disease\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"Chronic kidney disease\"]}],\" (CKD).\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22987-malnutrition\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"Malnutrition\"]}],\".\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[\"A calcium or \",[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15050-vitamin-d-vitamin-d-deficiency\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"vitamin D deficiency\"]}],\".\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/22673-hormonal-imbalance\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"Hormonal imbalances\"]}],\" (like \",[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/5497-cushing-syndrome\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"Cushing syndrome\"]}],\").\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9794-anorexia-nervosa\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"Anorexia\"]}],\" and other \",[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4152-eating-disorders\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"eating disorders\"]}],\".\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21624-autoimmune-diseases\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"Autoimmune diseases\"]}],\" that affect your bones (like \",[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4924-rheumatoid-arthritis\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"rheumatoid arthritis\"]}],\" or \",[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/23089-collagen\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"collagen\"]}],\" defects).\"]}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"native-ad-mobile\",\"className\":\"mx-auto relative bp1100:hidden bp900:overflow-hidden bp900:w-full\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"native-ad-bg\",\"className\":\"absolute bp900:hidden z-[-1] w-full h-full [border-image:conic-gradient(theme(colors.blue.050)_0_0)_fill_0/4rem_0_2rem/2rem_100vw]\"}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"native-ad-slot\",\"id\":\"native_mobile\",\"className\":\"ad-reset empty:pb-0 mb-rem56px empty:mb-0 *:last:!mt-rem56px *:last:!mb-rem32px pb-rem32px *:bp900:last:bg-gradient-to-r *:bp900:last:from-blue-050 *:bp900:last:to-blue-050 *:bp900:last:bg-[0_32px] *:bp900:last:bg-no-repeat *:bp900:last:!pb-rem64px bp900:pb-0\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"paragraph-element\",\"className\":\"text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[\"Medications that can increase your osteopenia risk include:\"]}],[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"unordered-list\",\"className\":\"my-rem16px mx-0 pl-[1.25rem] list-disc marker:text-brandBlue-500 marker:pl-rem24px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21826-diuretics\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"Diuretics\"]}],\".\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/4812-corticosteroids\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 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underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"Anticoagulants\"]}],\".\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[\"Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs, like those that treat \",[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17019-gerd-or-acid-reflux-or-heartburn-overview\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"acid reflux\"]}],\", which can affect your calcium absorption).\"]}]]}],[\"$\",\"h3\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"headline\",\"className\":\"text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem30px text-rem25px bp600:text-rem32px bp600:leading-rem38px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words \",\"children\":[\"What are osteopenia complications?\"]}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"paragraph-element\",\"className\":\"text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[\"Increasing your bone fracture and osteoporosis risk are osteopenia’s main complications. Osteopenia on its own won’t cause symptoms. But having reduced bone density makes you much more likely to break a bone, even after small injuries or falls.\"]}]]}]]}],false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"klZ0oLrW\",{\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"article-section\",\"id\":\"diagnosis-and-tests\",\"className\":\"scroll-mt-[112px]\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h2\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"headline\",\"className\":\"text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem34px text-rem32px bp600:text-rem40px bp600:leading-rem44px mt-rem56px mb-rem16px break-words\",\"children\":\"Diagnosis and Tests\"}],\"$undefined\",[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"rich-text\",\"className\":\"\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h3\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"headline\",\"className\":\"text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem30px text-rem25px bp600:text-rem32px bp600:leading-rem38px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words \",\"children\":[\"How is osteopenia diagnosed?\"]}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"paragraph-element\",\"className\":\"text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[\"A healthcare provider will diagnose osteopenia with a \",[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diagnostics/10683-dexa-dxa-scan-bone-density-test\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"bone density test\"]}],\". A bone density test is an imaging test that measures the strength of your bones. It uses X-rays to measure how much calcium and other minerals are in your bones.\"]}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"paragraph-element\",\"className\":\"text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[\"Checking for changes in your bone density is the best way to catch osteopenia before it becomes osteoporosis. Your provider might suggest you get regular bone density tests if you have a family history of osteoporosis. Peopl"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"e AFAB usually need bone density screenings regularly after they turn 50. People assigned male at birth (AMAB) typically need them after age 70.\"]}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"paragraph-element\",\"className\":\"text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[\"If you have osteopenia, you’ll probably need a bone density test every few years to see how your bones have changed.\"]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"billboard-ad\",\"className\":\"flex bp1100:hidden max-w-[400px] min-w-[300px] m-auto items-center justify-center bg-gray-300 pt-rem16px pb-[3.125rem] my-rem32px \",\"children\":[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"max-w-[300px] mx-auto\",\"children\":[null,[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"className\":\"text-gray-800 uppercase text-rem10px leading-rem16px mx-auto w-fit\",\"children\":\"Advertisement\"}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"flex bp1100:hidden flex-col items-center justify-center\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"ad-slot\",\"id\":\"billboard3_300x250_mobile\",\"className\":\"ad-reset w-[300px] !min-h-[250px] flex bg-gray-300\"}],null]}]]}]}]]}]]}],false]}],[\"$\",\"div\",\"XZIpouDT\",{\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"article-section\",\"id\":\"management-and-treatment\",\"className\":\"scroll-mt-[112px]\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h2\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"headline\",\"className\":\"text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem34px text-rem32px bp600:text-rem40px bp600:leading-rem44px mt-rem56px mb-rem16px break-words\",\"children\":\"Management and Treatment\"}],\"$undefined\",[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"rich-text\",\"className\":\"\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h3\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"headline\",\"className\":\"text-gray-900 font-bold leading-rem30px text-rem25px bp600:text-rem32px bp600:leading-rem38px mt-rem32px mb-rem16px break-words \",\"children\":[\"What is the best treatment for osteopenia?\"]}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"paragraph-element\",\"className\":\"text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[\"Your provider will suggest osteopenia treatments that slow down your bone loss and strengthen your existing bone tissue. The most important part of treating osteopenia is preventing bone fractures and osteoporosis.\"]}],[\"$\",\"p\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"paragraph-element\",\"className\":\"text-gray-800 my-rem16px text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[\"The most common osteopenia treatments include:\"]}],[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"unordered-list\",\"className\":\"my-rem16px mx-0 pl-[1.25rem] list-disc marker:text-brandBlue-500 marker:pl-rem24px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"strong\",null,{\"children\":[\"Physical activity and exercise: \"]}],\"Staying active can strengthen your bones (and all the tissue connected to them, like your \",[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/21887-muscle\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"muscles\"]}],\", \",[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/21738-tendon\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"tendons\"]}],\" and \",[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/21604-ligament\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"ligaments\"]}],\"). Your provider might suggest weight-bearing exercises to strengthen your muscles and train your balance. Physical activities that make your body work against gravity like walking, yoga, Pilates and tai chi can improve your strength and balance without putting too much stress on your bones. You might need to work with a \",[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/24625-physical-therapist\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underl"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"ine-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"physical therapist\"]}],\" to find exercises and movements that are right for you.\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"strong\",null,{\"children\":[\"Vitamin and mineral supplements:\"]}],\" You might need over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription \",[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/15049-osteoporosis-prevention-with-calcium-treatment\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"calcium\"]}],\" or \",[\"$\",\"a\",null,{\"data-identity\":\"link\",\"href\":\"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/drugs/19456-vitamin-d-capsules-and-tablets\",\"target\":\"_blank\",\"className\":\"text-brandBlue-500 underline underline-offset-[5px] decoration-1 break-words hover:text-blue-800 transition\",\"children\":[\"vitamin D supplements\"]}],\". Your provider will tell you which type you need, how often you should take them and which dosage you’ll need. Most people don’t need prescription medication to treat osteopenia. Your provider may suggest prescription medication to treat osteoporosis if you develop it later.\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem19px leading-rem34px \",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"strong\",null,{\"children\":[\"Following an eating plan that’s healthy for you: \"]}],\"Eating enough, and getting the right kinds of vitamins and minerals, can strengthen your bones (and improve your overall health). 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Last updated 8/2023. Accessed 3/19/2024.\"]}],[\"$\",\"li\",null,{\"className\":\"mb-rem12px pl-rem12px text-gray-800 text-rem15px leading-rem19px marker:text-rem19px \",\"children\":[\"Lewiecki EM. \",[\"$\",\"span\",null,{\"className\":\"break-words\",\"children\":[[\"Osteoporosis: Clinical Evaluation\"],[\" \",[\"$\",\"em\",null,{\"children\":[\"(\",\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25905277/\",\")\"]}]]]}],\". In: Feingold KR, Anawalt B, Blackman MR, et al., eds. \",[\"$\",\"em\",null,{\"children\":[\"Endotext\"]}],\". South Dartmouth (MA): MDText.com, Inc.; June 7, 2021. 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