Tarawih 8 Rakaat Berjamaah atau 20 Rakaat Sendirian?

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value="Di daerah tempat saya tinggal sekarang kebanyakan masjid melakukan shalat tarawih delapan rakaat dan witir"> <section class="m-t-10"> <div class="container arsip"> <div class="content-710"> <div class="s-title"><h1>Tarawih 8 Rakaat Berjamaah atau 20 Rakaat Sendirian?</h1></div> <div class="s-info"> Selasa, 14 Mei 2019 17:00 <span class="right"><a href="/web/20190612195316/http://www.nu.or.id/post/59/bahtsul+masail/" class="cat"><i class=""></i> Bahtsul Masail</a></span> <p class="sosmed"> <strong>Bagikan </strong> <input type="hidden" name="realURL" id="realURL" value="http://www.nu.or.id/post/read/106206/tarawih-8-rakaat-berjamaah-atau-20-rakaat-sendirian"/> <input type="hidden" name="shortURL" id="shortURL" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="sosDesc" id="sosDesc" value="Di daerah tempat saya tinggal sekarang kebanyakan masjid melakukan shalat tarawih delapan rakaat dan witir"/> <input type="hidden" name="sosName" id="sosName" value="Tarawih 8 Rakaat Berjamaah atau 20 Rakaat 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(prayerinislam.com)</div> </div> <div class="s-post"><div><span style="font-style: italic;">Assalamualaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh,</span><br></div><div><br></div><div>Sebelumnya perkenalkan saya Rian, seorang perantau asal Bogor yang sekarang berdomisili di Bandung. Saya punya pertanyaan soal shalat tarawih. Saya seorang warga Nahdliyin yang tentunya mengerjakan shalat tarawih 20 rakaat disambung witir 3 rakaat. Namun, di daerah tempat saya tinggal sekarang kebanyakan masjid melakukan shalat tarawih delapan rakaat dan witir 3 rakaat. Mohon pendapatnya apa yang lebih utama saya lakukan, shalat sendirian 23 rakaat atau berjamaah 11 rakaat terkait shalat tarawih. Terima kasih. (Rian)</div><div><br></div><div><span style="font-weight: bold;">Jawaban:</span></div><div><br></div><div>Waalaikumussalam warahmatullahi wabarakatuh,</div><div><br></div><div>Saudara Rian yang kami hormati. Semoga kita senantiasa diberi taufiq untuk bisa rutin menjalankan ibadah tarawih.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Ulama Ahlussunnah wal Jama’ah sepakat bahwa jumlah rakaat shalat tarawih adalah 20 rakaat. Hal ini berdasarkan konsensus para sahabat Nabi di masa pemerintahan Sayyidina Umar bin al-Khathab. Meskipun para sahabat mendirikannya hanya 8 rakaat saat bermakmum kepada Nabi, tapi mereka menyempurnakannya menjadi 20 rakaat di rumahnya masing-masing. Nabi hanya shalat 8 rakaat bersama mereka karena memberi keringanan, khawatir tarawih diyakini fardhu, sehingga akan memberatkan.</div><div><br></div><div>Syekh Sulaiman al-Bujairimi mengatakan:</div><div><br></div><div style="text-align: right; "><span style="font-size: 18px;">فإن قلت: أجمعوا على أن التراويح عشرون ركعة والوارد من فعله - صلى الله عليه وسلم - ثمان ركعات. قلت: أجيب بأنهم كانوا يتممون العشرين في بيوتهم بدليل أن الصحابة إذا انطلقوا إلى منازلهم يسمع لهم أزيز كأزيز الدبابير، وإنما اقتصر - صلى الله عليه وسلم - على الثمان في صلاته بهم ولم يصل بهم العشرين تخفيفا عليهم اهـ اج.</span></div><div style="text-align: right; "><br></div><div>“Bila kamu bertanya, para sahabat bersepakat bahwa tarawih adalah 20 rakaat, sementara yang datang dari perilaku Nabi adalah delapan rakaat?. Aku berkata, jawabannya adalah bahwa para sahabat menyempurnakan 20 rakaat di rumahnya dengan bukti mereka ketika berangkat menuju kediamannya, didengar dari mereka suara bergemuruh layaknya serangga-serangga (karena suara shalat mereka). Nabi hanya meringkas delapan rakaat saat shalat bersama sahabat, tidak shalat sebanyak 20 rakaat, karena memberi keringanan untuk mereka,” (Syekh Sulaiman al-Bujairimi, <span style="font-style: italic;">Tuhfah al-Habib</span>, juz 1, hal. 421).</div><div><br></div><div>Namun, andaikan tarawih dilakukan kurang dari 20 rakaat, maka tetap diperbolehkan dan mendapat pahala tarawih, meski pahalanya masih di bawah orang yang melaksanakannya sebanyak 20 rakaat.</div><div><br></div><blockquote><span style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">Baca juga:</span><br></span><span style="font-weight: bold;"><span style="font-size: 12px;">• <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190612195316/http://www.nu.or.id/post/read/53099/dalil-dan-keutamaan-shalat-tarawih " target="_blank">Dalil dan Keutamaan Shalat Tarawih</a></span><br></span><span style="font-weight: bold; font-size: 12px;">• <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190612195316/http://www.nu.or.id/post/read/90694/mengapa-jumlah-rakaat-tarawih-berbeda-beda-ini-penjelasannya " target="_blank">Mengapa Jumlah Rakaat Tarawih Berbeda-beda? Ini Penjelasannya</a></span></blockquote><div>Yang bermasalah adalah ketika mereka yang melaksanakan tarawih delapan rakaat menyalahkan pihak yang tarawih 20 rakaat, bahkan sampai menganggap Sayyidina Umar bin Khatab—sebagai inisiator berjamaah tarawih 20 rakaat di masjid—menyimpang dari sunnah Nabi.<br></div><div><br></div><div>Sungguh tidak rasional, para sahabat yang alim, pakar fiqih, tafsir, dan hadits bersepakat dalam sebuah kesesatan. Padahal Nabi telah menegaskan bahwa sahabat laksana bintang-bintang yang bisa menjadi petunjuk bagi umat Islam.</div><div><br></div><div>Oleh karena itu, KH Abu Fadlol bin Abdus Syukur dari Tuban dengan tegas menyatakan bahwa orang yang menganggap bahwa Sayyidina Umar bin Khatab adalah pelaku bid’ah dalam urusan tarawih, tidak diragukan lagi ia sendiri yang berbuat bid’ah.</div><div><br></div><div>Ulama Nusantara yang dijuluki “kitab berjalan” ini mengatakan:</div><div><br></div><div style="text-align: right; "><span style="font-size: 18px;">فإن تجرأ متجرئ على تسمية عمر رضي الله عنه مبتدعا بمعنى أنه مخالف للسنة فلا يشك عاقل في أنه هو المبتدع </span></div><div style="text-align: right; "><br></div><div>“Bila ada orang dengan berani menyebut Sayyidina Umar sebagai pelaku bid’ah, dengan arti beliau menyelisihi sunnah Nabi, maka orang yang berakal tidak ragu bahwa ia sendiri sebagai pelaku bid’ah,” (KH. Abu Fadlol bin Abdus Syukur al-Senori, <span style="font-style: italic;">Kasyfu al-Tabarih</span>, hal. 9).</div><div><br></div><div>Berkaitan dengan pilihan berjamaah atau shalat sendiri dalam konteks pertanyaan di atas, perlu diketahui bahwa hukum melaksanakan tarawih secara berjamaah adalah sunnah. Namun, bila imam shalat terindikasi sebagai pelaku bid’ah, semisal menganggap para sahabat menyimpang dalam jumlah rakaat tarawih, mudah mensyirikan orang, meyakini Allah tidak dapat dilihat di akhirat dan lain sebagainya, maka hukumnya makruh bermakmum dengannya. Kecuali bila tidak bermakmum dengan imam tersebut akan menimbulkan gejolak, maka hendaknya tetap berjamaah untuk menghindari fitnah.</div><div><br></div><div>Ulama berbeda pendapat bila tidak menemukan jamaah kecuali dengan imam pelaku bid’ah, apakah tetap dianjurkan berjamaah atau shalat sendiri? Menurut Imam al-Subki, lebih baik berjamaah. Sedangkan menurut Imam Ibnu Hajar dianjurkan shalat sendirian.</div><div><br></div><div>Syekh Zainuddin al-Malibari mengatakan:</div><div><br></div><div style="text-align: right; "><span style="font-size: 18px;">وكره اقتداء بفاسق ومبتدع كرافضي وإن لم يوجد سواهما ما لم يخش فتنة. وقيل لا يصح الاقتداء بهما. - إلى أن قال- واختار السبكي ومن تبعه انتقاء الكراهة إذا تعذرت الجماعة إلا خلف من تكره خلفه بل هي أفضل من الانفراد.وجزم شيخنا بأنها لا تزول حينئذ بل الانفراد أفضل منها.وقال بعض أصحابنا: والأوجه عندي ما قاله السبكي رحمه الله تعالى.</span></div><div style="text-align: right; "><br></div><div>“Makruh bermakmum dengan orang fasiq dan pelaku bid’ah, seperti kaum Rafidli, meski tidak ditemukan imam selainnya, selama tidak khawatir fitnah. Menurut sebagian pendapat, tidak sah bermakmum dengan keduanya. Imam al-Subuki dan pengikutnya memilih pendapat ketiadaan hukum makruh bila sulit menemukan jamaah kecuali bermakmum di belakang imam yang makruh dimakmumi, bahkan berjamaah lebih utama dari pada shalat sendiri. Guruku meyakini bahwa hukum makruh tidak hilang dalam kondisi tersebut, bahkan lebih utama shalat sendirian. Sebagian <span style="font-style: italic;">ashab </span>(ulama penganut mazhab Syafi'i) berkata, pendapat yang kuat menurutku adalah apa yang dikatakan imam al-Subki,” (Syekh Zainuddin al-Malibari, <span style="font-style: italic;">Fath al-Mu’in Hamisy I’anah al-Thalibin</span>, juz 2, hal. 12).</div><div><br></div><div>Dari uraian di atas dapat dipahami bahwa sebaiknya saudara tetap melaksanakan jamaah tarawih di masjid. Kecuali bila imam tarawih terindikasi orang yang menyimpang secara ideologi, maka sebaiknya mencari jamaah di tempat lain, bisa juga membuat jamaah sendiri di rumah dengan keluarga. Dan bila sulit mencari jamaah di tempat lain atau menimbulkan gejolak bila tidak berjamaah di masjid setempat, maka kami sarankan tetap mengikuti jamaah di masjid untuk menjaga keharmonisan hubungan bertetangga dengan masyarakat sekitar. </div><div><br></div><div>Kami sarankan setelah selesai berjamaah di masjid, saudara menyempurnakan rakaat tarawih menjadi 20 rakaat di rumah, dan pelaksanaan shalat witir tetap setelah tarawih selesai 20 rakaat. Oleh karenanya, ketika imam shalat witir, kami sarankan anda tetap niat tarawih. Hal ini dikarenakan ada kesunnahan pelaksanaan witir setelah tarawih, di samping ada anjuran memposisikan witir sebagai penutup shalat di malam hari.</div><div><br></div><div>Dengan demikian, pilihannya tak selalu harus kaku dan dikotomis antara tarawih 8 rakaat secara berjamaah atau 20 rakaat secara sendirian. Karena Anda masih bisa menyempurnakan menjadi 20 rakaat di rumah setelah mengikuti tarawih berjamaah di rumah. Saat tarawih di rumah pun, kita masih punya peluang untuk tetap shalat berjamaah bersama kerabat atau teman-teman dekat.</div><div><br></div><div>Kami juga menyarankan, meski berdampingan dengan tetangga yang berbeda ideologi, agar tetap menjaga kerukunan, memenuhi hak-hak bertetangga, dan tetap menebarkan kedamaian di mana pun. Demikian semoga bermanfaat. <span style="font-style: italic;">Wallahu a’lam</span>.</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div><span style="font-style: italic;"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Ustadz M. 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