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href="#Diplomatic_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Diplomatic career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Diplomatic_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-During_the_Pacific_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#During_the_Pacific_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>During the Pacific War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-During_the_Pacific_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-war_period_and_premiership" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-war_period_and_premiership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Post-war period and premiership</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Post-war_period_and_premiership-sublist" class="cdx-button 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Second_premiership"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Second premiership</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Second_premiership-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Second premiership subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Second_premiership-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Dodge_Line" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Dodge_Line"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Dodge Line</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Dodge_Line-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Treaty_of_San_Francisco" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Treaty_of_San_Francisco"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Treaty of San Francisco</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Treaty_of_San_Francisco-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Yoshida_Doctrine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Yoshida_Doctrine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Yoshida Doctrine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Yoshida_Doctrine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conflict_with_Hatoyama" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conflict_with_Hatoyama"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.4</span> <span>Conflict with Hatoyama</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conflict_with_Hatoyama-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_years_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_years_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Later years and legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_years_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Personal_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Personal life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Honours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Shigeru Yoshida</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 48 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-48" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">48 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%BA%D9%87-%D8%B1%D9%88" title="يوشيدا شيغه-رو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="يوشيدا شيغه-رو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eiqeru_Yo%C5%9Fida" title="Şiqeru Yoşida – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şiqeru Yoşida" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE" title="শিজুর ইউসিসিদা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="শিজুর ইউসিসিদা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yosida_Sigeru" title="Yosida Sigeru – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Yosida Sigeru" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%96%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%83_%D0%81%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Сігэру Ёсіда – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Сігэру Ёсіда" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="Bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0igeru_Jo%C5%A1ida" title="Šigeru Jošida – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Šigeru Jošida" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshida_Shigeru" title="Yoshida Shigeru – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Yoshida Shigeru" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7_%D8%B4%DB%8C%DA%AF%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B1%D9%88" title="یوشیدا شیگه‌رو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یوشیدا شیگه‌رو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%94%EC%8B%9C%EB%8B%A4_%EC%8B%9C%EA%B2%8C%EB%A3%A8" title="요시다 시게루 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="요시다 시게루" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%AB%D5%A3%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%B8%D6%82_%D4%BB%D5%B8%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A4%D5%A1" title="Սիգերու Իոսիդա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սիգերու Իոսիդա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%95_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%99%D7%93%D7%94" title="שיגרו יושידה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שיגרו יושידה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A3_%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A8%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%90" title="შიგერუ იოშიდა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="შიგერუ იოშიდა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josida_Sigeru" title="Josida Sigeru – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Josida Sigeru" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE" title="शिगेरू योशिदा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="शिगेरू योशिदा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%81%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%80%D2%AF" title="Ёшида Шигэрү – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ёшида Шигэрү" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%89%E7%94%B0%E8%8C%82" title="吉田茂 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="吉田茂" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%81%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0,_%D0%A1%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%83" title="Ёсида, Сигэру – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Ёсида, Сигэру" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshida_Shigeru" title="Yoshida Shigeru – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Yoshida Shigeru" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B8_%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B0" title="ชิเงรุ โยชิดะ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชิเงรุ โยชิดะ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83_%D0%81%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0" title="Шигеру Ёшида – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шигеру Ёшида" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D0%A1%D1%96%D2%91%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%83" title="Йосіда Сіґеру – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Йосіда Сіґеру" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yoshida_Shigeru" title="Yoshida Shigeru – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Yoshida Shigeru" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%89%E7%94%B0%E8%8C%82" title="吉田茂 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="吉田茂" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%89%E7%94%B0%E8%8C%82" title="吉田茂 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="吉田茂" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shigeru_Yoshida" title="Shigeru Yoshida – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Shigeru Yoshida" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li 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searchaux" style="display:none">Prime Minister of Japan (1946–1947, 1948–1954)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Shigeru Yoshida</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader" style="font-size:125%; font-weight:bold;"><div class="nickname" lang="ja"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">吉田茂</span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Shigeru_Yoshida_suit.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Shigeru_Yoshida_suit.jpg/220px-Shigeru_Yoshida_suit.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="309" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Shigeru_Yoshida_suit.jpg/330px-Shigeru_Yoshida_suit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Shigeru_Yoshida_suit.jpg/440px-Shigeru_Yoshida_suit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="2527" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister of Japan</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />15 October 1948 – 10 December 1954</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">Hirohito</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governor</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Ridgway" title="Matthew Ridgway">Matthew Ridgway</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mark_W._Clark" title="Mark W. Clark">Mark W. Clark</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/John_E._Hull" title="John E. Hull">John E. Hull</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><a href="/wiki/Deputy_Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Deputy Prime Minister of Japan">Deputy</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C5%8Dji_Hayashi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jōji Hayashi (page does not exist)">Jōji Hayashi</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%AD%B2%E6%B2%BB_(%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AE%B6)" class="extiw" title="jp:林譲治 (政治家)">jp</a>]</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Taketora_Ogata" title="Taketora Ogata">Taketora Ogata</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hitoshi_Ashida" title="Hitoshi Ashida">Hitoshi Ashida</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ichir%C5%8D_Hatoyama" title="Ichirō Hatoyama">Ichirō Hatoyama</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />22 May 1946 – 24 May 1947</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">Hirohito</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Governor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kij%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Shidehara" title="Kijūrō Shidehara">Kijūrō Shidehara</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kij%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Shidehara" title="Kijūrō Shidehara">Kijūrō Shidehara</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tetsu_Katayama" title="Tetsu Katayama">Tetsu Katayama</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />15 October 1948 – 30 April 1952</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Himself</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Hitoshi Ashida</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Katsuo_Okazaki" title="Katsuo Okazaki">Katsuo Okazaki</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />15 September 1945 – 27 May 1947</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Prime Minister</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Prince_Naruhiko_Higashikuni" title="Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni">Naruhiko Higashikuni</a><br />Kijūrō Shidehara<br />Himself</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mamoru_Shigemitsu" title="Mamoru Shigemitsu">Mamoru Shigemitsu</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hitoshi_Ashida" title="Hitoshi Ashida">Hitoshi Ashida</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Member of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Representatives_(Japan)" title="House of Representatives (Japan)">House of Representatives</a></li><li>for <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dchi_Prefecture" title="Kōchi Prefecture">Kōchi</a>'s <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dchi_at-large_district_(House_of_Representatives)" title="Kōchi at-large district (House of Representatives)">at-large</a> district</li></ul></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />26 April 1947 – 23 October 1963</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>Constituency established</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>multi-member district</i></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">Member of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Peers_(Japan)" title="House of Peers (Japan)">House of Peers</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />19 December 1945 – 3 May 1947<br />Nominated by the <a href="/wiki/Hirohito" title="Hirohito">Emperor</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1878-09-22</span>)</span>22 September 1878<br /><a href="/wiki/Surugadai" title="Surugadai">Kanda-Surugadai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, Japan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">20 October 1967<span style="display:none">(1967-10-20)</span> (aged 89)<br /><a href="/wiki/Oiso" class="mw-redirect" title="Oiso">Oiso</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanagawa_Prefecture" title="Kanagawa Prefecture">Kanagawa Prefecture</a>, Japan</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Democratic_Party_(Japan)" title="Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)">Liberal Democratic</a> (1957–1967)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other political<br />affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Japan,_1945)" title="Liberal Party (Japan, 1945)">Liberal</a> (1945–1948)<br /><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Liberal_Party_(Japan)" title="Democratic Liberal Party (Japan)">Democratic Liberal</a> (1948–1950)<br /><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Japan,_1950)" title="Liberal Party (Japan, 1950)">Liberal</a> (1950–1955)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;">Yukiko Makino</div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1909; died 1941)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">4, including <a href="/wiki/Ken%27ichi_Yoshida_(literary_scholar)" title="Ken'ichi Yoshida (literary scholar)">Ken'ichi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tar%C5%8D_As%C5%8D" title="Tarō Asō">Tarō Asō</a> (grandson)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Princess_Tomohito_of_Mikasa" title="Princess Tomohito of Mikasa">Nobuko, Princess Tomohito of Mikasa</a> (granddaughter)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Tokyo" title="University of Tokyo">University of Tokyo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signature</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:YoshidaS_kao.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shigeru Yoshida's signature"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/YoshidaS_kao.svg/91px-YoshidaS_kao.svg.png" decoding="async" width="91" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/YoshidaS_kao.svg/136px-YoshidaS_kao.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/YoshidaS_kao.svg/182px-YoshidaS_kao.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="319" data-file-height="281" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Shigeru Yoshida</b><span style="font-weight: normal"> (<span title="Japanese-language text"><span lang="ja">吉田茂</span></span>, <span title="Hepburn transliteration"><i lang="ja-Latn">Yoshida Shigeru</i></span>, 22 September 1878 – 20 October 1967)</span> was a Japanese diplomat and politician who served as <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">prime minister of Japan</a> from 1946 to 1947 and again from 1948 to 1954, serving through most of <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Japan" title="Occupation of Japan">the country's occupation</a> after <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. Yoshida played a major role in determining the course of post-war Japan by forging a strong relationship with the United States and pursuing economic recovery. </p><p>Born in Tokyo to a former samurai family, Yoshida graduated from <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_Imperial_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokyo Imperial University">Tokyo Imperial University</a> in 1906 and joined the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a>. He held various assignments abroad, including in China, where he advocated increased Japanese influence. From 1928 to 1930, Yoshida served as vice minister of foreign affairs, then served as ambassador to Italy until 1932. In 1936, he was considered for foreign minister in the cabinet of <a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dki_Hirota" title="Kōki Hirota">Kōki Hirota</a>, but he was opposed by the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Army</a>, who strongly identified him with liberalism and friendship with Great Britain and the United States. Yoshida served as ambassador to Britain from 1936 to 1938. He largely avoided political participation during the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific War</a>. During the U.S. occupation after the war's end, Yoshida served as foreign minister in the cabinets of <a href="/wiki/Prince_Naruhiko_Higashikuni" title="Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni">Prince Higashikuni</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kij%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Shidehara" title="Kijūrō Shidehara">Kijūrō Shidehara</a>. </p><p>Yoshida became prime minister in 1946, after <a href="/wiki/Ichir%C5%8D_Hatoyama" title="Ichirō Hatoyama">Ichirō Hatoyama</a> was <a href="/wiki/Purge_(occupied_Japan)" title="Purge (occupied Japan)">purged</a> by authorities on the verge of taking office; Yoshida served as foreign minister in his own first three cabinets. He oversaw the adoption of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Japan" title="Constitution of Japan">Constitution of Japan</a> before losing office after the election of 1947. He returned to the premiership in 1948, and negotiated the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Francisco" title="Treaty of San Francisco">Treaty of San Francisco</a>, which ended the occupation and saw the restoration of sovereignty to Japan, and a <a href="/wiki/Security_Treaty_between_the_United_States_and_Japan" title="Security Treaty between the United States and Japan">security treaty with the U.S.</a> Yoshida pursued a strategy of concentrating on economic reconstruction while relying on an alliance with the United States for defense, a strategy known as the <a href="/wiki/Yoshida_Doctrine" title="Yoshida Doctrine">Yoshida Doctrine</a>. The last years of his premiership were marked by conflict with Hatoyama, who had by then been depurged. This culminated in Yoshida being ousted and replaced by Hatoyama in 1954. </p><p>Yoshida's legacy continued to play an important part in Japanese political life, particularly through his two protégés, <a href="/wiki/Hayato_Ikeda" title="Hayato Ikeda">Hayato Ikeda</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eisaku_Sat%C5%8D" title="Eisaku Satō">Eisaku Satō</a>, who served a prime ministers from 1960 to 1964 and 1964 to 1972 respectively. Yoshida died in 1967 and received a state funeral. His grandson, <a href="/wiki/Tar%C5%8D_As%C5%8D" title="Tarō Asō">Tarō Asō</a>, served as prime minister from 2008 to 2009. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shigeru_Yoshida.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Shigeru_Yoshida.jpg/220px-Shigeru_Yoshida.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Shigeru_Yoshida.jpg/330px-Shigeru_Yoshida.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Shigeru_Yoshida.jpg/440px-Shigeru_Yoshida.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Yoshida as a child</figcaption></figure> <p>Shigeru Yoshida was born on 22 September 1878, in <a href="/wiki/Surugadai" title="Surugadai">Kanda-Surugadai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, the fifth son of Tsuna Takeuchi, a former <a href="/wiki/Samurai" title="Samurai">samurai</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Tosa_domain" class="mw-redirect" title="Tosa domain">Tosa domain</a>. Tsuna Takeuchi was a close aide to <a href="/wiki/Taisuke_Itagaki" class="mw-redirect" title="Taisuke Itagaki">Taisuke Itagaki</a> in the 1880s and would serve in the first <a href="/wiki/National_Diet" title="National Diet">National Diet</a> elected in <a href="/wiki/1890_Japanese_general_election" title="1890 Japanese general election">1890</a>. The identity of Yoshida's biological mother is not known. It's likely she was a concubine of Takeuchi and possibly a <a href="/wiki/Geisha" title="Geisha">geisha</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower198814–16_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower198814–16-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOkazaki2019112–114_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOkazaki2019112–114-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatanabe201624–26_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatanabe201624–26-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shortly before Yoshida's birth, his biological father was imprisoned for anti-government conspiracy in connection to the <a href="/wiki/Satsuma_Rebellion" title="Satsuma Rebellion">Satsuma Rebellion</a>, and his mother gave birth to him at the house of Kenzō Yoshida, a friend of his father. As young samurai, Tsuna and Kenzō had made names for themselves amidst the decades of unrest around the time of <a href="/wiki/Meiji_Restoration" title="Meiji Restoration">Meiji Restoration</a>. Since Takeuchi had several sons and his friend Kenzō Yoshida had none, Yoshida was adopted by Kenzō Yoshida and his wife Kotoko in August 1881. Kenzō Yoshida was a former samurai who had traveled to England as a stowaway in his youth. He then established himself in <a href="/wiki/Yokohama" title="Yokohama">Yokohama</a> as a branch manager for <a href="/wiki/Jardine_Matheson" class="mw-redirect" title="Jardine Matheson">Jardine Matheson</a>, before becoming a successful businessman in his own right. Kotoko was the granddaughter of the <a href="/wiki/Edo_period" title="Edo period">Edo period</a> <a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucian</a> scholar <a href="/wiki/Issai_Sat%C5%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="Issai Satō">Issai Satō</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOkazaki2019112–114_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOkazaki2019112–114-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatanabe201624–26_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatanabe201624–26-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower198818–20_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower198818–20-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yoshida spent his early childhood in Yokohama. After he graduated from elementary school there in 1889, he was enrolled at Koyo Juku, a prestigious rural boarding school. That same year, Kenzō Yoshida died, and Shigeru inherited a substantial fortune from him. Kotoko subsequently raised Shigeru on the family's estate in <a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ciso,_Kanagawa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ōiso, Kanagawa">Ōiso</a> when he was not at school.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOkazaki2019112–114_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEOkazaki2019112–114-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatanabe201624–26_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatanabe201624–26-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yoshida spent five years at Koyo Juku. In 1894 he went to Tokyo and spent a year studying at Nihon Gakuen, a school run by the famous educator Jugo Sugiura. He then went on to <a href="/wiki/Hitotsubashi_University" title="Hitotsubashi University">Higher Commercial School</a>, but soon found he was unsuited for business and dropped out. He then briefly studied at Seisoku Academy and the <a href="/wiki/Tokyo_University_of_Science" title="Tokyo University of Science">Tokyo Physics School</a> while preparing for <a href="/wiki/Higher_school_(Japan)" title="Higher school (Japan)">higher school</a> examinations, but he fell ill and had to spend a year at home in Ōiso. Returning to Tokyo in 1897, he entered the prestigious Peers' School, the headed by Prince <a href="/wiki/Atsumaro_Konoe" class="mw-redirect" title="Atsumaro Konoe">Atsumaro Konoe</a>. Yoshida advanced to the university department at Peers’ School, which Prince Konoe had established to train diplomats. The university department became defunct after Prince Konoe died in 1904, so Yoshida transferred to <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tokyo" title="University of Tokyo">Tokyo Imperial University</a> and graduated with a law degree in 1906. He passed the Foreign Service Entry Exam and entered Japan's diplomatic corps that same year, shortly after Japan's victory in the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Japanese_War" title="Russo-Japanese War">Russo-Japanese War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatanabe201624–26_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatanabe201624–26-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diplomatic_career">Diplomatic career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Diplomatic career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yoshida's diplomatic career began with a posting in <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a>, first at the Japanese mission in <a href="/wiki/Tianjin" title="Tianjin">Tianjin</a> in November 1906, then in <a href="/wiki/Shenyang" title="Shenyang">Fengtian</a> (now Shenyang) in 1907. In 1909, Yoshida married Yukiko Makino, the eldest daughter of <a href="/wiki/Nobuaki_Makino" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobuaki Makino">Nobuaki Makino</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower198819_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower198819-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That same year he was assigned to <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a>, and in 1912, he was posted to <a href="/wiki/Andong" title="Andong">Andong</a> in <a href="/wiki/Korea_under_Japanese_rule" title="Korea under Japanese rule">Japanese-ruled Korea</a>, where he served concurrently as secretary to the Governor General <a href="/wiki/Masatake_Terauchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Masatake Terauchi">Masatake Terauchi</a>. When Terauchi was appointed prime minister in 1916, Yoshida turned down an offer to serve as his personal secretary. He was instead assigned to the Japanese embassy in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, but this appointment was cancelled when the Ministry became aware Yoshida had opposed the <a href="/wiki/Twenty-One_Demands" title="Twenty-One Demands">Twenty-One Demands</a>, which he thought undermined the Japanese policy in China by alienating the Western powers and provoking Chinese opposition. Yoshida was instead made chief of the documents section the following year and in 1918 he was appointed consul in <a href="/wiki/Jinan" title="Jinan">Jinan</a>, China.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower198839–44_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower198839–44-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1919, he was part of the Japanese delegation to the <a href="/wiki/Paris_Peace_Conference,_1919" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris Peace Conference, 1919">Paris Peace Conference</a>, as secretary to his father-in-law Makino, one of the Japanese plenipotentiaries. When the conference concluded in 1920, he was assigned as first secretary to the Japanese embassy in the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>. In 1922, he returned to China and served as consul in Tianjin until 1925, then as Consul General in Fengtian until 1928.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENish2007164_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENish2007164-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 1928, Yoshida was first appointed minister to <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>, but before assuming the post he was appointed vice minister for foreign affairs in July of the same year, after having recommended himself to the Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Giichi_Tanaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Giichi Tanaka">Giichi Tanaka</a>. Tanaka served concurrently as minister for foreign affairs. During this time, Yoshida supported increasing Japanese influence in China, and advocated for the independence of <a href="/wiki/Manchuria" title="Manchuria">Manchuria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a> to weaken the Republic of China. He acquainted <a href="/wiki/Ichiro_Hatoyama" class="mw-redirect" title="Ichiro Hatoyama">Ichiro Hatoyama</a>, who was chief cabinet secretary under Tanaka. Yoshida remained in his post when Tanaka was replaced as prime minister by <a href="/wiki/Osachi_Hamaguchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Osachi Hamaguchi">Osachi Hamaguchi</a> and as foreign minister by <a href="/wiki/Kij%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Shidehara" title="Kijūrō Shidehara">Kijūrō Shidehara</a> in July 1929, until he was appointed ambassador to <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> in December 1930. He returned to Japan in 1932 and, after having turned down the ambassadorship to the United States, for which he considered himself unsuitable, held a nebulous role as an ambassador-in-waiting. He undertook some foreign tours on behalf of the ministry and notably developed a warm relationship with the American ambassador <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Grew" title="Joseph Grew">Joseph Grew</a>. Yoshida formally retired from the ministry in 1935.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower198877–112_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower198877–112-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/February_26_incident" title="February 26 incident">February 26 incident</a> of 1936, Prince <a href="/wiki/Fumimaro_Konoe" title="Fumimaro Konoe">Fumimaro Konoe</a> contacted Yoshida to request that he'd help persuade <a href="/wiki/Koki_Hirota" class="mw-redirect" title="Koki Hirota">Koki Hirota</a> accept the premiership. Yoshida assisted Hirota in the cabinet formation and was himself considered for the post of foreign minister. However, he was included on a list of potential cabinet ministers unacceptable to the army presented by the incoming War Minister <a href="/wiki/Hisaichi_Terauchi" title="Hisaichi Terauchi">Hisaichi Terauchi</a>. This prevented his appointment. Instead he became ambassador to the United Kingdom. After his ambassadorship to the United Kingdom ended in 1938, he retired, again, from the diplomatic service.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower1988112–115_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower1988112–115-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENish2007164_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENish2007164-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="During_the_Pacific_War">During the Pacific War</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: During the Pacific War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Although considered a "hawk" on China, Yoshida was firmly against war with the United States and United Kingdom. Despite holding no official positions during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, he was active in trying to prevent war with the Allies, and then to try to bring about an early end of the war, allying himself with Prince <a href="/wiki/Fumimaro_Konoe" title="Fumimaro Konoe">Fumimaro Konoe</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower1988227_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower1988227-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Right before the <a href="/wiki/Pacific_War" title="Pacific War">Pacific War</a> began, Yoshida joined Konoe in unsuccessfully attempting to deescalate the situation. During the war, Yoshida continued to associate with Konoe in trying to get the government to negotiate a peace with the Allies. In April 1945, he was arrested and briefly imprisoned over his association with Prince Konoe.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower1988227_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower1988227-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Post-war_period_and_premiership">Post-war period and premiership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Post-war period and premiership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Shidehara_Cabinet.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/The_Shidehara_Cabinet.jpg/220px-The_Shidehara_Cabinet.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/The_Shidehara_Cabinet.jpg/330px-The_Shidehara_Cabinet.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/The_Shidehara_Cabinet.jpg/440px-The_Shidehara_Cabinet.jpg 2x" data-file-width="843" data-file-height="562" /></a><figcaption>The Shidehara Cabinet, with Yoshida on the far right, front row</figcaption></figure> <p>Following the <a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Japan" title="Surrender of Japan">Japanese surrender</a> in August 1945, the <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Japan" title="Occupation of Japan">Allied occupation</a> of the country began. Yoshida was brought out of retirement to serve as foreign minister in the <a href="/wiki/Higashikuni_Cabinet" title="Higashikuni Cabinet">cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/Prince_Higashikuni" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince Higashikuni">Prince Higashikuni</a> after the resignation of <a href="/wiki/Mamoru_Shigemitsu" title="Mamoru Shigemitsu">Mamoru Shigemitsu</a> in September 1945. At that point, the main fuction of the foreign minister was to liaise with the occupation authority: the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Commander_for_the_Allied_Powers" title="Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers">Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers</a>. As such, Yoshida came into regular contact with General <a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a>. When Prince Higashikuni resigned Yoshida was approached by the <a href="/wiki/Lord_Keeper_of_the_Privy_Seal_of_Japan" title="Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal of Japan">Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal</a> <a href="/wiki/Koichi_Kido" class="mw-redirect" title="Koichi Kido">Koichi Kido</a> to become prime minister, but he turned him down and suggested <a href="/wiki/Kijuro_Shidehara" class="mw-redirect" title="Kijuro Shidehara">Kijuro Shidehara</a> for the post, who was duly appointed. Yoshida remained foreign minister in the <a href="/wiki/Shidehara_Cabinet" title="Shidehara Cabinet">Shidehara Cabinet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower1988309–310_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower1988309–310-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/1946_Japanese_general_election" title="1946 Japanese general election">first post-war election</a> in April 1946 brought a plurality of the seats in the Diet to the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Japan,_1945)" title="Liberal Party (Japan, 1945)">Liberal Party</a> led by Yoshida's old friend <a href="/wiki/Ichir%C5%8D_Hatoyama" title="Ichirō Hatoyama">Ichirō Hatoyama</a>. Hatoyama was expected to become prime minister, but was abruptly <a href="/wiki/Purge_(occupied_Japan)" title="Purge (occupied Japan)">purged</a> by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers on the eve of his appointment. Hatoyama approached Yoshida to take his place as prime minister and leader of the Liberal Party, despite Yoshida not even being a member of the party. Although reluctant, Yoshida eventually accepted, becoming prime minister of Japan on 22 May 1946. In the same month he joined the Liberal Party and was first made chairman of the general council before being formally elected party president four months later.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower1988309–310_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower1988309–310-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_premiership">First premiership</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: First premiership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nihon_Kenpo02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Nihon_Kenpo02.jpg/220px-Nihon_Kenpo02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Nihon_Kenpo02.jpg/330px-Nihon_Kenpo02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Nihon_Kenpo02.jpg/440px-Nihon_Kenpo02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1190" /></a><figcaption>The Constitution of Japan signed by the Emperor, Prime Minister Yoshida and other ministers</figcaption></figure> <p>Yoshida's first cabinet was based on a coalition between the Liberal Party and the <a href="/wiki/Japan_Progressive_Party" title="Japan Progressive Party">Japan Progressive Party</a> led by former prime minister Shidehara. The cabinet notably included Shidehara as minister without portfolio and <a href="/wiki/Tanzan_Ishibashi" title="Tanzan Ishibashi">Tanzan Ishibashi</a> as finance minister. Yoshida remained as foreign minister concurrently. The cabinet implemented several reforms based on occupation directives, the scope of which Yoshida personally resisted. Yoshida oversaw the adoption of the post-war <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Japan" title="Constitution of Japan">Constitution of Japan</a>, which was promulgated on 3 November 1946 and came into effect on 3 May 1947. Yoshida, a warm supporter of the imperial institution, did not believe that the revised constitution fundamentally changed the <i><a href="/wiki/Kokutai" title="Kokutai">kokutai</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinn1992115_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1992115-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinn1992125_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1992125-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In terms of economic policy, Yoshida and Finance Minister Ishibashi initiated a "priority production system" (傾斜生産方式, <i>keisha seisan hoshiki</i>) designed to increase production of steel and coal as they were essential for reconstruction. This system was based on the theories of Hiromi Arisawa, an economic expert who advised Yoshida.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinn1992146_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1992146-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The cabinet had to face significant social unrest due to the impoverished situation and labour disputes at the time. These issues came to a head when the labour movement called for a <a href="/wiki/February_1_General_Strike_(1947)" title="February 1 General Strike (1947)">general strike</a> to take place on 1 February 1947. Yoshida believed that the strike would be an economic catastrophe, which could create the conditions for a communist revolution. The situation was resolved when General MacArthur prohibited the strike before it could take place on January 31. Afterwards, MacArthur communicated to Yoshida that a new election should be called.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinn1992136_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1992136-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoshidaNara2007187_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoshidaNara2007187-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Opposition">Opposition</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Opposition"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The election was held in <a href="/wiki/1947_Japanese_general_election" title="1947 Japanese general election">April 1947 election</a>. Yoshida himself stood for election for the first time, choosing for his constituency <a href="/wiki/Kochi_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Kochi Prefecture">Kochi Prefecture</a>, where his family originated.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoshidaNara200771_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoshidaNara200771-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Yoshida won his election, a plurality of the seats in the House of Representatives went to the <a href="/wiki/Japan_Socialist_Party" title="Japan Socialist Party">Japan Socialist Party</a>. Yoshida was approached by <a href="/wiki/Tetsu_Katayama" title="Tetsu Katayama">Tetsu Katayama</a> and <a href="/wiki/Suehiro_Nishio" title="Suehiro Nishio">Suehiro Nishio</a>, respectively chairman and secretary general of the Socialist Party, about including the Liberal Party in a <a href="/wiki/Grand_coalition" title="Grand coalition">grand coalition</a>, but he declined because he considered the left-wing of the Socialist Party too close to the communists. The Socialists instead formed a coalition with only the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Japan,_1947)" title="Democratic Party (Japan, 1947)">Democratic Party</a>, which had been formed by merging the Progressive Party with defectors led by <a href="/wiki/Hitoshi_Ashida" title="Hitoshi Ashida">Hitoshi Ashida</a> from the Liberal Party, and the <a href="/wiki/National_Cooperative_Party" title="National Cooperative Party">National Cooperative Party</a>. Yoshida was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Tetsu_Katayama" title="Tetsu Katayama">Tetsu Katayama</a> on 24 May 1947.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinn1992149_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1992149-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinn1992162_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1992162-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yoshida and his party thus entered the opposition. Yoshida used this time to strengthen his party and consolidate his leadership. Shortly after the <a href="/wiki/Katayama_Cabinet" title="Katayama Cabinet">Katayama Cabinet</a> was replaced by the <a href="/wiki/Ashida_Cabinet" title="Ashida Cabinet">Ashida Cabinet</a> in March 1948, the Liberal Party formed into the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Liberal_Party_(Japan)" title="Democratic Liberal Party (Japan)">Democratic Liberal Party</a> by merging with a breakaway group led by Shidehara from the Democratic Party.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinn1992169–170_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1992169–170-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Second_premiership">Second premiership</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Second premiership"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the fall of the Ashida Cabinet, Yoshida returned to the post of prime minister on 15 October 1948. He soon called an <a href="/wiki/1949_Japanese_general_election" title="1949 Japanese general election">election</a> which was held in January 1949; his party won in a landslide. </p><p>In order to fill the places left by purged politicians, Yoshida had recruited a large number of former bureaucrats to serve as candidates for the party, including <a href="/wiki/Hayato_Ikeda" title="Hayato Ikeda">Hayato Ikeda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Eisaku_Sato" class="mw-redirect" title="Eisaku Sato">Eisaku Sato</a> and <a href="/wiki/Katsuo_Okazaki" title="Katsuo Okazaki">Katsuo Okazaki</a>. Many of these were elected for the first time in the 1949 election. This group would be the core of Yoshida’s own informal faction, known as the ”Yoshida School."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower1988315–316_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower1988315–316-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dodge_Line">Dodge Line</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Dodge Line"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hayato_Ikeda_meets_Joseph_Dodge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Hayato_Ikeda_meets_Joseph_Dodge.jpg/220px-Hayato_Ikeda_meets_Joseph_Dodge.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Hayato_Ikeda_meets_Joseph_Dodge.jpg/330px-Hayato_Ikeda_meets_Joseph_Dodge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/cc/Hayato_Ikeda_meets_Joseph_Dodge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="359" data-file-height="299" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dodge" title="Joseph Dodge">Joseph Dodge</a> meets Finance Minister <a href="/wiki/Hayato_Ikeda" title="Hayato Ikeda">Hayato Ikeda</a> in 1949.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Line" title="Dodge Line">Dodge Line</a></div> <p>In February after the election, <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Dodge" title="Joseph Dodge">Joseph Dodge</a> arrived in Japan as financial adviser to SCAP with a mission to stabilize the Japanese economy, which was suffering from rampant inflation and other problems. The <a href="/wiki/Dodge_Line" title="Dodge Line">Dodge Line</a>, as the plan advocated by Dodge would be called, prescribed strict austerity measures that significantly curtailed public spending and government subsidies.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPark201161–65_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPark201161–65-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetzler2013120–122_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzler2013120–122-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yoshida appointed Hayato Ikeda finance minister later the same month. Although Yoshida and Ikeda had apprehensions about the Dodge Line, they had no choice but to implement occupation policy. The plan was successful in ending hyperinflation, but it also caused severe short-term hardship. The decreased money supply led to a wave of bankruptcies and increased unemployment. Furthermore, spending cuts necessitated mass layoffs in the public sector.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPark201161–65_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPark201161–65-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetzler2013122–124_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzler2013122–124-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetzler2013128_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzler2013128-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This situation continued until the outbreak of the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a> in June 1950. The war led to an economic boom stimulated by demand for goods and services from Japan by the American forces in Korea. Yoshida described this as a ”gift from the gods.”<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower1988424_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower1988424-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Treaty_of_San_Francisco">Treaty of San Francisco</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Treaty of San Francisco"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yoshida_signs_San_Francisco_Peace_Treaty.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Yoshida_signs_San_Francisco_Peace_Treaty.jpg/220px-Yoshida_signs_San_Francisco_Peace_Treaty.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Yoshida_signs_San_Francisco_Peace_Treaty.jpg/330px-Yoshida_signs_San_Francisco_Peace_Treaty.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Yoshida_signs_San_Francisco_Peace_Treaty.jpg/440px-Yoshida_signs_San_Francisco_Peace_Treaty.jpg 2x" data-file-width="579" data-file-height="479" /></a><figcaption>Yoshida signs the Treaty of San Francisco</figcaption></figure> <p>In April 1950 Yoshida sent Finance Minister Ikeda, together with Ikeda’s secretary <a href="/wiki/Kiichi_Miyazawa" title="Kiichi Miyazawa">Kiichi Miyazawa</a> and Yoshida’s confidant <a href="/wiki/Jiro_Shirasu" class="mw-redirect" title="Jiro Shirasu">Jiro Shirasu</a>, to Washington. On the pretext of an economic mission, Ikeda conveyed the message that the Japanese government would accept a continued U. S. military presence after the occupation in order to ensure Japan’s security and make an early peace treaty possible.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEldridgeKusunoki199997_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEldridgeKusunoki199997-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> President Truman assigned the responsibility of negotiating a peace treaty to <a href="/wiki/John_Foster_Dulles" title="John Foster Dulles">John Foster Dulles</a>. Dulles met with Yoshida in Tokyo for the first time in June 1950, only days before the outbreak of the Korean War. They subsequently met several times to negotiate the treaty.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEldridgeKusunoki1999125–126_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEEldridgeKusunoki1999125–126-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHosoya2013210_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHosoya2013210-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 1951, Yoshida signed the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_San_Francisco" title="Treaty of San Francisco">Treaty of San Francisco</a>, a peace treaty with the Allies that would serve as a formal peace agreement and bring about the end of the occupation of Japan when the treaty took effect in April 1952. Yoshida also signed the <a href="/wiki/Security_Treaty_between_the_United_States_and_Japan" title="Security Treaty between the United States and Japan">Security Treaty</a>, which inaugurated the post-war military alliance between Japan and the United States. During a stopover in <a href="/wiki/Hawaii" title="Hawaii">Hawaii</a> on the way back from San Francisco, he also paid a visit to <a href="/wiki/Pearl_Harbor" title="Pearl Harbor">Pearl Harbor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Yoshida_Doctrine">Yoshida Doctrine</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Yoshida Doctrine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Yoshida_Doctrine" title="Yoshida Doctrine">Yoshida Doctrine</a> was a strategy adopted by Japan under Yoshida starting in 1951. He concentrated upon reconstructing Japan's domestic economy while relying heavily on the <a href="/wiki/Security_Treaty_Between_the_United_States_and_Japan" class="mw-redirect" title="Security Treaty Between the United States and Japan">security alliance with the United States</a>. Firstly, Japan is firmly allied with the United States in the <a href="/wiki/Cold_War" title="Cold War">Cold War</a> against communism. Secondly, Japan relies on American military strength and limits its own defense forces to a minimum. Thirdly, Japan emphasizes economic diplomacy in its world affairs. The Yoshida doctrine was accepted by the United States; the actual term was coined in 1977. The economic dimension was fostered by <a href="/wiki/Hayato_Ikeda" title="Hayato Ikeda">Hayato Ikeda</a> who served as his finance minister and later was prime minister. The Yoshida Doctrine shaped Japanese foreign policy into the 21st century. Most historians argue the policy was wise and successful, but a minority criticize it as naïve and inappropriate.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Conflict_with_Hatoyama">Conflict with Hatoyama</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Conflict with Hatoyama"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yoshida_meets_Hatoyama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Yoshida_meets_Hatoyama.jpg/220px-Yoshida_meets_Hatoyama.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Yoshida_meets_Hatoyama.jpg/330px-Yoshida_meets_Hatoyama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Yoshida_meets_Hatoyama.jpg/440px-Yoshida_meets_Hatoyama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="907" data-file-height="605" /></a><figcaption>Yoshida meeting with <a href="/wiki/Ichir%C5%8D_Hatoyama" title="Ichirō Hatoyama">Ichirō Hatoyama</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Before the signing of the Treaty of San Francisco Ichirō Hatoyama had been released from the purge. Since Yoshida had originally become prime minister as a replacement for Hatoyama, many expected him to step down in Hatoyama's favour, but by this time Yoshida had become a well-established politician in his own right and had no intention to retire. This led to a conflict with Hatoyama.<sup id="cite_ref-NDL_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NDL-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to CIA files that were declassified in 2005, there was a 1952 plot to assassinate Yoshida and replace him with Ichirō Hatoyama as prime minister. The plot was led by <a href="/wiki/Takushiro_Hattori" title="Takushiro Hattori">Takushiro Hattori</a>, who served as an <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Japanese_Army" title="Imperial Japanese Army">Imperial Japanese Army</a> officer, and had the support of 500,000 Japanese people.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dissatisfaction with his leadership led to the defection of many Diet members from his party to the new <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(Japan,_1954)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party (Japan, 1954)">Democratic Party</a>, causing his cabinet to resign on December 7, 1954, rather than face a no-confidence vote. He was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Ichir%C5%8D_Hatoyama" title="Ichirō Hatoyama">Ichirō Hatoyama</a> on December 10, 1954. Yoshida resigned as party president in favour of <a href="/wiki/Taketora_Ogata" title="Taketora Ogata">Taketora Ogata</a> at the same time. He remained in the Diet until his retirement in 1963. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_years_and_legacy">Later years and legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Later years and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grave_of_Shigeru_Yoshida,_in_the_Aoyama_Cemetery.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Grave_of_Shigeru_Yoshida%2C_in_the_Aoyama_Cemetery.jpg/220px-Grave_of_Shigeru_Yoshida%2C_in_the_Aoyama_Cemetery.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Grave_of_Shigeru_Yoshida%2C_in_the_Aoyama_Cemetery.jpg/330px-Grave_of_Shigeru_Yoshida%2C_in_the_Aoyama_Cemetery.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Grave_of_Shigeru_Yoshida%2C_in_the_Aoyama_Cemetery.jpg/440px-Grave_of_Shigeru_Yoshida%2C_in_the_Aoyama_Cemetery.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Yoshida's grave in the Aoyama Cemetery</figcaption></figure> <p>After his resignation he spent most of his time at his villa in Oiso, though he remained a member of the House of Representatives until <a href="/wiki/1963_Japanese_general_election" title="1963 Japanese general election">1963</a>. Yoshida served a president of the America-Japan Society from 1960 and as chancellor of <a href="/wiki/Kogakkan_University" title="Kogakkan University">Kogakkan University</a> from 1962.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was also president of the <a href="/wiki/Japanese_Association_of_Zoos_and_Aquariums" title="Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums">Japanese Association of Zoos and Aquariums</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shigeru Yoshida died on 20 October 1967 at his home in Oiso. He was baptized on his deathbed, having hidden his <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholicism</a> throughout most of his life. His funeral was held in <a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_Cathedral,_Tokyo" title="St. Mary's Cathedral, Tokyo">St. Mary's Cathedral, Tokyo</a> and he was buried at <a href="/wiki/Aoyama_Cemetery" title="Aoyama Cemetery">Aoyama Cemetery</a>. </p><p>His state funeral was held in <a href="/wiki/Nippon_Budokan" title="Nippon Budokan">Nippon Budokan</a> on 31 October 1967 in the presence of the <a href="/wiki/Akihito" title="Akihito">Crown Prince</a> and <a href="/wiki/Empress_Michiko" title="Empress Michiko">Princess</a>. </p><p>Under Yoshida's leadership, Japan began to rebuild its lost industrial infrastructure and placed a premium on unrestrained economic growth. Many of these concepts still impact Japan's political and economic policies. However, since the 1970s environmental movement, the bursting of Japan's economic bubble, and the end of the Cold War, Japan has been struggling to redefine its national goals. Yoshida has long been regarded as prioritising the economy over defense, but recent years have seen a reevaluation of this viewpoint. </p><p>In his 1982 book "Leaders", US President <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a> praised Yoshida as one of the greatest world leaders during his lifetime for his role in Japan's post-WWII economic miracle.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTENixon198280–140_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTENixon198280–140-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1909, Yoshida married Makino Yukiko, the eldest daughter of <a href="/wiki/Makino_Nobuaki" title="Makino Nobuaki">Makino Nobuaki</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They had four children: Sakurako, <a href="/wiki/Ken%27ichi_Yoshida_(literary_scholar)" title="Ken'ichi Yoshida (literary scholar)">Kenichi</a>, Kazuko, and Masao. Two of Yoshida's grandchildren are <a href="/wiki/Tar%C5%8D_As%C5%8D" title="Tarō Asō">Tarō Asō</a>, who served as the 92nd prime minister of Japan from 2008 to 2009, and <a href="/wiki/Princess_Tomohito_of_Mikasa" title="Princess Tomohito of Mikasa">Nobuko Asō</a>, who later married <a href="/wiki/Prince_Tomohito_of_Mikasa" title="Prince Tomohito of Mikasa">Prince Tomohito of Mikasa</a>, a first cousin of <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Akihito" class="mw-redirect" title="Emperor Akihito">Emperor Akihito</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Honours">Honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Grand Cordon of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Rising_Sun" title="Order of the Rising Sun">Order of the Rising Sun</a> (29 April 1940)<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Grand Cordon of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Chrysanthemum" title="Order of the Chrysanthemum">Order of the Chrysanthemum</a> (29 April 1964)<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Collar of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_Chrysanthemum" title="Order of the Chrysanthemum">Order of the Chrysanthemum</a> (20 October 1967; posthumous)<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Japanese_court_ranks,_positions_and_hereditary_titles" title="List of Japanese court ranks, positions and hereditary titles">Junior First Rank</a> (20 October 1967; posthumous)<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_39-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Pheasant_Award" title="Golden Pheasant Award">Golden Pheasant Award</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Scout_Association_of_Japan" title="Scout Association of Japan">Scout Association of Japan</a> (1967)<sup id="cite_ref-reinanzaka_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-reinanzaka-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower198814–16-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower198814–16_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDower1988">Dower 1988</a>, pp. 14–16.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEOkazaki2019112–114-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOkazaki2019112–114_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOkazaki2019112–114_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEOkazaki2019112–114_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFOkazaki2019">Okazaki 2019</a>, pp. 112–114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWatanabe201624–26-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatanabe201624–26_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatanabe201624–26_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatanabe201624–26_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWatanabe201624–26_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWatanabe2016">Watanabe 2016</a>, pp. 24–26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower198818–20-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower198818–20_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDower1988">Dower 1988</a>, pp. 18–20.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower198819-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower198819_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDower1988">Dower 1988</a>, p. 19.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower198839–44-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower198839–44_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDower1988">Dower 1988</a>, pp. 39–44.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTENish2007164-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENish2007164_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTENish2007164_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFNish2007">Nish 2007</a>, p. 164.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower198877–112-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower198877–112_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDower1988">Dower 1988</a>, pp. 77–112.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower1988112–115-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower1988112–115_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDower1988">Dower 1988</a>, pp. 112–115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower1988227-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower1988227_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower1988227_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDower1988">Dower 1988</a>, p. 227.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower1988309–310-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower1988309–310_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower1988309–310_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDower1988">Dower 1988</a>, pp. 309–310.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1992115-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinn1992115_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFinn1992">Finn 1992</a>, p. 115.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1992125-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinn1992125_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFinn1992">Finn 1992</a>, pp. 125.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1992146-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinn1992146_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFinn1992">Finn 1992</a>, p. 146.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1992136-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinn1992136_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFinn1992">Finn 1992</a>, p. 136.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoshidaNara2007187-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoshidaNara2007187_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYoshidaNara2007">Yoshida & Nara 2007</a>, p. 187.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEYoshidaNara200771-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEYoshidaNara200771_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYoshidaNara2007">Yoshida & Nara 2007</a>, p. 71.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1992149-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinn1992149_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFinn1992">Finn 1992</a>, p. 149.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1992162-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinn1992162_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFinn1992">Finn 1992</a>, p. 162.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEFinn1992169–170-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEFinn1992169–170_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFFinn1992">Finn 1992</a>, pp. 169–170.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower1988315–316-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower1988315–316_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDower1988">Dower 1988</a>, pp. 315–316.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPark201161–65-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPark201161–65_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPark201161–65_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPark2011">Park 2011</a>, pp. 61–65.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzler2013120–122-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetzler2013120–122_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMetzler2013">Metzler 2013</a>, pp. 120–122.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzler2013122–124-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetzler2013122–124_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMetzler2013">Metzler 2013</a>, pp. 122–124.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMetzler2013128-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMetzler2013128_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMetzler2013">Metzler 2013</a>, pp. 128.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDower1988424-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDower1988424_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDower1988">Dower 1988</a>, p. 424.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEldridgeKusunoki199997-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEldridgeKusunoki199997_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEldridgeKusunoki1999">Eldridge & Kusunoki 1999</a>, p. 97.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEEldridgeKusunoki1999125–126-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEEldridgeKusunoki1999125–126_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFEldridgeKusunoki1999">Eldridge & Kusunoki 1999</a>, pp. 125–126.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHosoya2013210-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a 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a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://apnews.com/5866d71a444a498092e15e69e031eb62/japan-ex-pm-yoshidas-forgotten-pearl-harbor-visit-recounted">"Japan ex-PM Yoshida's forgotten Pearl Harbor visit recounted"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a></i>. 26 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Associated+Press&rft.atitle=Japan+ex-PM+Yoshida%27s+forgotten+Pearl+Harbor+visit+recounted&rft.date=2016-12-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapnews.com%2F5866d71a444a498092e15e69e031eb62%2Fjapan-ex-pm-yoshidas-forgotten-pearl-harbor-visit-recounted&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShigeru+Yoshida" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Yoneyuki Sugita, "The Yoshida Doctrine as a myth." <i>Japanese Journal of American Studies</i> 27 (2016): 123-143 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jaas.gr.jp/jjas/pdf/2016/06_SUGIYAMA.pdf">online</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NDL-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NDL_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1Y1-103753957.html">the original</a> on 24 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 August</span> 2015</span> – via <a href="/wiki/HighBeam_Research" title="HighBeam Research">HighBeam Research</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CIA+Papers+Reveal+1950s+Japan+Coup+Plot&rft.date=2007-02-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.highbeam.com%2Fdoc%2F1Y1-103753957.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShigeru+Yoshida" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ajstokyo.org/en/about/">"What We Are"</a>. 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(1988). <i>Empire and Aftermath: Yoshida Shigeru and the Japanese Experience, 1878–1954</i> (2nd ed.). Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-674-25125-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-674-25125-3"><bdi>0-674-25125-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Empire+and+Aftermath%3A+Yoshida+Shigeru+and+the+Japanese+Experience%2C+1878%E2%80%931954&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=0-674-25125-3&rft.aulast=Dower&rft.aufirst=John+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShigeru+Yoshida" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Edström, Bert. <i>Yoshida Shigeru and the Foundation of Japan's Postwar Foreign Policy.</i></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFinn1992" class="citation book cs1">Finn, Richard B. (1992). <i>Winners in peace: MacArthur, Yoshida, and Postwar Japan</i>. University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-33323-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-33323-9"><bdi>978-0-520-33323-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Winners+in+peace%3A+MacArthur%2C+Yoshida%2C+and+Postwar+Japan&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-520-33323-9&rft.aulast=Finn&rft.aufirst=Richard+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShigeru+Yoshida" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hirose_Takashi_(writer)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hirose Takashi (writer) (page does not exist)">Takashi Hirose</a> (<a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%BA%83%E7%80%AC%E9%9A%86" class="extiw" title="jp:広瀬隆">広瀬隆</a>); 『私物国家日本の黒幕の系図』 Tokyo:<a href="/wiki/Kobunsha" title="Kobunsha">Kobunsha</a> (1997) Genealogy14</li> <li>Iriye, Akira. "Japan Returns to the World: Yoshida Shigeru and His Legacy." <i>The Diplomats, 1939-1979</i> (Princeton University Press, 2019) pp. 321–336. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv8pz9nc.17">online</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNish2007" class="citation book cs1">Nish, Ian (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rfV5DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA163"><i>Japanese Envoys in Britain, 1862-1964</i></a>. Global Oriental. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9004213456" title="Special:BookSources/978-9004213456"><bdi>978-9004213456</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Japanese+Envoys+in+Britain%2C+1862-1964&rft.pub=Global+Oriental&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-9004213456&rft.aulast=Nish&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrfV5DwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA163&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShigeru+Yoshida" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOkazaki2019" class="citation book cs1">Okazaki, Hisahiko (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jpicinternational.com/books/biography/c6986e0cdfbaeed96bca3edb67ac41f75c94ebfa.html"><i>Yoshida Shigeru and His Time</i></a>. Japan Publishing Industry Foundation for Culture. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9784866580708" title="Special:BookSources/9784866580708"><bdi>9784866580708</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yoshida+Shigeru+and+His+Time&rft.pub=Japan+Publishing+Industry+Foundation+for+Culture&rft.date=2019&rft.isbn=9784866580708&rft.aulast=Okazaki&rft.aufirst=Hisahiko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jpicinternational.com%2Fbooks%2Fbiography%2Fc6986e0cdfbaeed96bca3edb67ac41f75c94ebfa.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShigeru+Yoshida" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Rodan, Garry, Hewison, Kevin and Robison, Richard. (1997). <i>The Political Economy of South-East Asia: An Introduction.</i> Melbourne: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-195-53736-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-195-53736-9">978-0-195-53736-9</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/464661946&referer=brief_results">OCLC 464661946</a></li> <li>McGrew, Anthony and Christopher Book.<i> (1998) </i>Asia-Pacific in the New World Order.<i> London: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-17272-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-17272-1">978-0-415-17272-1</a>; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-17271-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-17271-4">978-0-415-17271-4</a>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/60184921&referer=brief_results">OCLC 60184921</a></i></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoshidaNara2007" class="citation book cs1">Yoshida, Shigeru; Nara, Hiroshi (2007). <i>Shigeru: Last Meiji Man</i>. Lanham, Maryland: Harvard University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-742-53933-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-742-53933-4"><bdi>978-0-742-53933-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shigeru%3A+Last+Meiji+Man&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Maryland&rft.pub=Harvard+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-0-742-53933-4&rft.aulast=Yoshida&rft.aufirst=Shigeru&rft.au=Nara%2C+Hiroshi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShigeru+Yoshida" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMetzler2013" class="citation book cs1">Metzler, Mark D. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7591/j.ctt1xx5rj"><i>Capital as Will and Imagination: Schumpeter's Guide to the Postwar Japanese Miracle</i></a>. Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0801451799" title="Special:BookSources/978-0801451799"><bdi>978-0801451799</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7591/j.ctt1xx5rj">10.7591/j.ctt1xx5rj</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Capital+as+Will+and+Imagination%3A+Schumpeter%27s+Guide+to+the+Postwar+Japanese+Miracle&rft.place=Ithaca%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.7591%2Fj.ctt1xx5rj%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.isbn=978-0801451799&rft.aulast=Metzler&rft.aufirst=Mark+D.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.7591%2Fj.ctt1xx5rj&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShigeru+Yoshida" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPark2011" class="citation book cs1">Park, Gene (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=A38cjcS2fVoC"><i>Spending Without Taxation : FILP and the Politics of Public Finance in Japan</i></a>. Redwood City: Stanford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0804773300" title="Special:BookSources/978-0804773300"><bdi>978-0804773300</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Spending+Without+Taxation+%3A+FILP+and+the+Politics+of+Public+Finance+in+Japan&rft.place=Redwood+City&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0804773300&rft.aulast=Park&rft.aufirst=Gene&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DA38cjcS2fVoC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShigeru+Yoshida" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNixon1982" class="citation book cs1">Nixon, Richard (25 October 1982). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PmJsAAAAIAAJ"><i>Leaders</i></a>. Grand Central Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-446-51249-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-446-51249-7"><bdi>978-0-446-51249-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Leaders&rft.pub=Grand+Central+Publishing&rft.date=1982-10-25&rft.isbn=978-0-446-51249-7&rft.aulast=Nixon&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPmJsAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShigeru+Yoshida" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEldridgeKusunoki1999" class="citation journal cs1">Eldridge, Robert D.; Kusunoki, Ayako (1999). "To Base or Not to Base? Yoshida Shigeru, the 1950 Ikeda Mission, and Post-Treaty Japanese Security Conceptions". <i>Kobe University Law Review</i>. <b>33</b> (1): 97–126.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kobe+University+Law+Review&rft.atitle=To+Base+or+Not+to+Base%3F+Yoshida+Shigeru%2C+the+1950+Ikeda+Mission%2C+and+Post-Treaty+Japanese+Security+Conceptions&rft.volume=33&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=97-126&rft.date=1999&rft.aulast=Eldridge&rft.aufirst=Robert+D.&rft.au=Kusunoki%2C+Ayako&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShigeru+Yoshida" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHosoya2013" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Hosoya, Chihiro (2013). "The Dulles-Yoshida Talks 1950-1951". In Nish, Ian (ed.). <i>The British Commonwealth and the Allied Occupation of Japan, 1945-1952</i>. Leiden, Boston: Global Oriental.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Dulles-Yoshida+Talks+1950-1951&rft.btitle=The+British+Commonwealth+and+the+Allied+Occupation+of+Japan%2C+1945-1952&rft.place=Leiden%2C+Boston&rft.pub=Global+Oriental&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Hosoya&rft.aufirst=Chihiro&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShigeru+Yoshida" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWatanabe2016" class="citation book cs1">Watanabe, Akio, ed. (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rG7TCwAAQBAJ"><i>The Prime Ministers of Postwar Japan, 1945-1995</i></a>. Lanham, MD: <a href="/wiki/Lexington_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Lexington Books">Lexington Books</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4985-1001-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4985-1001-1"><bdi>978-1-4985-1001-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Prime+Ministers+of+Postwar+Japan%2C+1945-1995&rft.place=Lanham%2C+MD&rft.pub=Lexington+Books&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-4985-1001-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrG7TCwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShigeru+Yoshida" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shigeru_Yoshida&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Shigeru_Yoshida" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Shigeru Yoshida">Shigeru Yoshida</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/040738">Newspaper clippings about Shigeru Yoshida</a> in the <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Press_Archives" title="20th Century Press Archives">20th Century Press Archives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" title="German National Library of Economics">ZBW</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcollections.hoover.org/internal/media/dispatcher/331436/full">OSS Biographical Report on Yoshida dated January 1945</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FACEFF;">Diplomatic posts </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Katsuji_Debuchi" title="Katsuji Debuchi">Katsuji Debuchi</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Vice Minister for Foreign Affairs </b><br />1928–1930 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Matsuzo_Nagai" title="Matsuzo Nagai">Matsuzo Nagai</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Michikazu Matsuda</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Ambassador to Italy </b><br />1931–1932 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Hajime Matsushima</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tsuneo_Matsudaira" title="Tsuneo Matsudaira">Tsuneo Matsudaira</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Ambassador to the United Kingdom </b><br />1936–1938 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mamoru_Shigemitsu" title="Mamoru Shigemitsu">Mamoru Shigemitsu</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mamoru_Shigemitsu" title="Mamoru Shigemitsu">Mamoru Shigemitsu</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a> </b><br />1945–1947 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hitoshi_Ashida" title="Hitoshi Ashida">Hitoshi Ashida</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Kij%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Shidehara" title="Kijūrō Shidehara">Kijūrō Shidehara</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister of Japan</a> </b><br />1946–1947 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Tetsu_Katayama" title="Tetsu Katayama">Tetsu Katayama</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="2">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Hitoshi_Ashida" title="Hitoshi Ashida">Hitoshi Ashida</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Minister for Foreign Affairs</a> </b><br />1948–1952 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Katsuo_Okazaki" title="Katsuo Okazaki">Katsuo Okazaki</a></span></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime Minister of Japan</a> </b><br />1948–1954 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ichir%C5%8D_Hatoyama" title="Ichirō Hatoyama">Ichirō Hatoyama</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bukichi_Miki" title="Bukichi Miki">Bukichi Miki</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Chairman of the General Council,<br /><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Japan,_1945)" title="Liberal Party (Japan, 1945)">Liberal Party</a> </b><br />1946 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Nirō Hoshijima</div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ichiro_Hatoyama" class="mw-redirect" title="Ichiro Hatoyama">Ichiro Hatoyama</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> President of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Japan,_1945)" title="Liberal Party (Japan, 1945)">Liberal Party</a> </b><br />1946–1948 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Merged into<br />Democratic Liberal Party </b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>New title</b><br /><div style="font-size:90%">Party founded</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> President of the <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Liberal_Party_(Japan)" title="Democratic Liberal Party (Japan)">Democratic Liberal Party</a> </b><br />1948–1950 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;"><b>Merged into<br />Liberal Party </b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>New title</b><br /><div style="font-size:90%">Party founded</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> President of the <a href="/wiki/Liberal_Party_(Japan,_1950)" title="Liberal Party (Japan, 1950)">Liberal Party</a> </b><br />1950–1954 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Taketora_Ogata" title="Taketora Ogata">Taketora Ogata</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prime_ministers_of_Japan_(list)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Prime_ministers_of_Japan" title="Template:Prime ministers of Japan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Prime_ministers_of_Japan" title="Template talk:Prime ministers of Japan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Prime_ministers_of_Japan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Prime ministers of Japan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prime_ministers_of_Japan_(list)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Japan" title="Prime Minister of Japan">Prime ministers of Japan</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Japan" title="List of prime ministers of Japan">list</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Empire_of_Japan" title="Empire of Japan">Empire of Japan</a> <br /> (1868–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Meiji_era" title="Meiji era">Meiji era</a> <br /> (1868–1912)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi" title="Itō Hirobumi">H. Itō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuroda_Kiyotaka" title="Kuroda Kiyotaka">Kuroda</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sanj%C5%8D_Sanetomi" title="Sanjō Sanetomi">Sanjō</a> (caretaker)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamagata_Aritomo" title="Yamagata Aritomo">Yamagata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsukata_Masayoshi" title="Matsukata Masayoshi">Matsukata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi" title="Itō Hirobumi">H. Itō</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kuroda_Kiyotaka" title="Kuroda Kiyotaka">Kuroda</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsukata_Masayoshi" title="Matsukata Masayoshi">Matsukata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi" title="Itō Hirobumi">H. Itō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ckuma_Shigenobu" title="Ōkuma Shigenobu">Ōkuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamagata_Aritomo" title="Yamagata Aritomo">Yamagata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi" title="Itō Hirobumi">H. Itō</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saionji_Kinmochi" title="Saionji Kinmochi">Saionji</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsura_Tar%C5%8D" title="Katsura Tarō">Katsura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saionji_Kinmochi" title="Saionji Kinmochi">Saionji</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Taish%C5%8D_era" title="Taishō era">Taishō era</a> <br /> (1912–1926)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katsura_Tar%C5%8D" title="Katsura Tarō">Katsura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saionji_Kinmochi" title="Saionji Kinmochi">Saionji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsura_Tar%C5%8D" title="Katsura Tarō">Katsura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamamoto_Gonnohy%C5%8De" title="Yamamoto Gonnohyōe">Yamamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ckuma_Shigenobu" title="Ōkuma Shigenobu">Ōkuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terauchi_Masatake" title="Terauchi Masatake">Terauchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hara_Takashi" title="Hara Takashi">Hara</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Uchida_Kosai" class="mw-redirect" title="Uchida Kosai">Uchida</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takahashi_Korekiyo" title="Takahashi Korekiyo">Takahashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kat%C5%8D_Tomosabur%C5%8D" title="Katō Tomosaburō">To. Katō</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Uchida_Kosai" class="mw-redirect" title="Uchida Kosai">Uchida</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamamoto_Gonnohy%C5%8De" title="Yamamoto Gonnohyōe">Yamamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiyoura_Keigo" title="Kiyoura Keigo">Kiyoura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kat%C5%8D_Takaaki" title="Katō Takaaki">Ta. Katō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakatsuki_Reijir%C5%8D" title="Wakatsuki Reijirō">Wakatsuki</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_era" title="Shōwa era">Shōwa era</a> <br /> (1926–1947)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tanaka_Giichi" title="Tanaka Giichi">G. Tanaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osachi_Hamaguchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Osachi Hamaguchi">Hamaguchi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kij%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Shidehara" title="Kijūrō Shidehara">Shidehara</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osachi_Hamaguchi" class="mw-redirect" title="Osachi Hamaguchi">Hamaguchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakatsuki_Reijir%C5%8D" title="Wakatsuki Reijirō">Wakatsuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inukai_Tsuyoshi" title="Inukai Tsuyoshi">Inukai</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Takahashi_Korekiyo" title="Takahashi Korekiyo">Takahashi</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sait%C5%8D_Makoto" title="Saitō Makoto">Saitō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keisuke_Okada" title="Keisuke Okada">Okada</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fumio_Got%C5%8D" title="Fumio Gotō">Gotō</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keisuke_Okada" title="Keisuke Okada">Okada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dki_Hirota" title="Kōki Hirota">Hirota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senj%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Hayashi" title="Senjūrō Hayashi">Hayashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fumimaro_Konoe" title="Fumimaro Konoe">Konoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiranuma_Kiichir%C5%8D" title="Hiranuma Kiichirō">Hiranuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobuyuki_Abe" title="Nobuyuki Abe">N. Abe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitsumasa_Yonai" title="Mitsumasa Yonai">Yonai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fumimaro_Konoe" title="Fumimaro Konoe">Konoe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hideki_Tojo" title="Hideki Tojo">Tōjō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuniaki_Koiso" title="Kuniaki Koiso">Koiso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantar%C5%8D_Suzuki" title="Kantarō Suzuki">K. Suzuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_Naruhiko_Higashikuni" title="Prince Naruhiko Higashikuni">Higashikuni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kij%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Shidehara" title="Kijūrō Shidehara">Shidehara</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yoshida</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">State of Japan</a> <br /> (1947–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sh%C5%8Dwa_era" title="Shōwa era">Shōwa era</a> <br /> (1947–1989)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tetsu_Katayama" title="Tetsu Katayama">Katayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitoshi_Ashida" title="Hitoshi Ashida">Ashida</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yoshida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichir%C5%8D_Hatoyama" title="Ichirō Hatoyama">I. Hatoyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzan_Ishibashi" title="Tanzan Ishibashi">Ishibashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobusuke_Kishi" title="Nobusuke Kishi">Kishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayato_Ikeda" title="Hayato Ikeda">Ikeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisaku_Sat%C5%8D" title="Eisaku Satō">Satō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kakuei_Tanaka" title="Kakuei Tanaka">K. Tanaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takeo_Miki" title="Takeo Miki">Miki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takeo_Fukuda" title="Takeo Fukuda">T. Fukuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masayoshi_%C5%8Chira" title="Masayoshi Ōhira">Ōhira</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Masayoshi_Ito" title="Masayoshi Ito">M. Itō</a> (acting)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenko_Suzuki" class="mw-redirect" title="Zenko Suzuki">Z. Suzuki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasuhiro_Nakasone" title="Yasuhiro Nakasone">Nakasone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noboru_Takeshita" title="Noboru Takeshita">Takeshita</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Heisei_era" title="Heisei era">Heisei era</a> <br /> (1989–2019)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dsuke_Uno" title="Sōsuke Uno">Uno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshiki_Kaifu" title="Toshiki Kaifu">Kaifu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiichi_Miyazawa" title="Kiichi Miyazawa">Miyazawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morihiro_Hosokawa" title="Morihiro Hosokawa">Hosokawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsutomu_Hata" title="Tsutomu Hata">Hata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomiichi_Murayama" title="Tomiichi Murayama">Murayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ryutaro_Hashimoto" title="Ryutaro Hashimoto">Hashimoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keiz%C5%8D_Obuchi" title="Keizō Obuchi">Obuchi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mikio_Aoki" title="Mikio Aoki">Aoki</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshir%C5%8D_Mori" title="Yoshirō Mori">Mori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junichiro_Koizumi" title="Junichiro Koizumi">Koizumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinzo_Abe" title="Shinzo Abe">S. Abe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yasuo_Fukuda" title="Yasuo Fukuda">Y. Fukuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tar%C5%8D_As%C5%8D" title="Tarō Asō">Asō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukio_Hatoyama" title="Yukio Hatoyama">Y. Hatoyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naoto_Kan" title="Naoto Kan">Kan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshihiko_Noda" title="Yoshihiko Noda">Noda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shinzo_Abe" title="Shinzo Abe">S. Abe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Reiwa_era" title="Reiwa era">Reiwa era</a> <br /> (2019–present)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yoshihide_Suga" title="Yoshihide Suga">Suga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Kishida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ishiba" title="Shigeru Ishiba">Ishiba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Category:Prime_Ministers_of_Japan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Category:Prime Ministers of Japan (page does not exist)">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Foreign_Ministers_of_Japan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Japanese_foreign_ministers" title="Template:Japanese foreign ministers"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Japanese_foreign_ministers" title="Template talk:Japanese foreign ministers"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese_foreign_ministers" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Japanese foreign ministers"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Foreign_Ministers_of_Japan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Minister_for_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Minister for Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Foreign Ministers of Japan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inoue_Kaoru" title="Inoue Kaoru">Inoue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/It%C5%8D_Hirobumi" title="Itō Hirobumi">Itō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ckuma_Shigenobu" title="Ōkuma Shigenobu">Ōkuma</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aoki_Sh%C5%ABz%C5%8D" title="Aoki Shūzō">Aoki</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enomoto_Takeaki" title="Enomoto Takeaki">Enomoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutsu_Munemitsu" title="Mutsu Munemitsu">Mutsu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saionji_Kinmochi" title="Saionji Kinmochi">Saionji</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ckuma_Shigenobu" title="Ōkuma Shigenobu">Ōkuma</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nishi_Tokujir%C5%8D" title="Nishi Tokujirō">Nishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ckuma_Shigenobu" title="Ōkuma Shigenobu">Ōkuma</a> (3rd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aoki_Sh%C5%ABz%C5%8D" title="Aoki Shūzō">Aoki</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kat%C5%8D_Takaaki" title="Katō Takaaki">Katō</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sone_Arasuke" title="Sone Arasuke">Sone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komura_Jutar%C5%8D" title="Komura Jutarō">Komura</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kat%C5%8D_Takaaki" title="Katō Takaaki">Katō</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saionji_Kinmochi" title="Saionji Kinmochi">Saionji</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayashi_Tadasu" title="Hayashi Tadasu">T. Hayashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terauchi_Masatake" title="Terauchi Masatake">Terauchi</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komura_Jutar%C5%8D" title="Komura Jutarō">Komura</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uchida_Kosai" class="mw-redirect" title="Uchida Kosai">Uchida</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsura_Tar%C5%8D" title="Katsura Tarō">Katsura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kat%C5%8D_Takaaki" title="Katō Takaaki">Katō</a> (3rd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makino_Nobuaki" title="Makino Nobuaki">Makino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kat%C5%8D_Takaaki" title="Katō Takaaki">Katō</a> (4th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%8Ckuma_Shigenobu" title="Ōkuma Shigenobu">Ōkuma</a> (4th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishii_Kikujir%C5%8D" title="Ishii Kikujirō">Ishii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terauchi_Masatake" title="Terauchi Masatake">Terauchi</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichir%C5%8D_Motono" class="mw-redirect" title="Ichirō Motono">Motono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Got%C5%8D_Shinpei" title="Gotō Shinpei">Gotō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uchida_Kosai" class="mw-redirect" title="Uchida Kosai">Uchida</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamamoto_Gonnohy%C5%8De" title="Yamamoto Gonnohyōe">Yamamoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ijuin_Hikokichi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ijuin Hikokichi">Ijuin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matsui_Keishir%C5%8D" title="Matsui Keishirō">Matsui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kij%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Shidehara" title="Kijūrō Shidehara">Shidehara</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanaka_Giichi" title="Tanaka Giichi">G. Tanaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kij%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Shidehara" title="Kijūrō Shidehara">Shidehara</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inukai_Tsuyoshi" title="Inukai Tsuyoshi">Inukai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenkichi_Yoshizawa" title="Kenkichi Yoshizawa">Yoshizawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uchida_Kosai" class="mw-redirect" title="Uchida Kosai">Uchida</a> (4th)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sait%C5%8D_Makoto" title="Saitō Makoto">Saitō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dki_Hirota" title="Kōki Hirota">Hiroda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachir%C5%8D_Arita" title="Hachirō Arita">Arita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senj%C5%ABr%C5%8D_Hayashi" title="Senjūrō Hayashi">S. Hayashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naotake_Sat%C5%8D" title="Naotake Satō">N. Satō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dki_Hirota" title="Kōki Hirota">Hirota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kazushige_Ugaki" title="Kazushige Ugaki">Ugaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachir%C5%8D_Arita" title="Hachirō Arita">Arita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobuyuki_Abe" title="Nobuyuki Abe">N. Abe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kichisabur%C5%8D_Nomura" title="Kichisaburō Nomura">K. Nomura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hachir%C5%8D_Arita" title="Hachirō Arita">Arita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dsuke_Matsuoka" title="Yōsuke Matsuoka">Matsuoka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teijir%C5%8D_Toyoda" title="Teijirō Toyoda">Toyoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shigenori_T%C5%8Dg%C5%8D" title="Shigenori Tōgō">S. Tōgō</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hideki_Tojo" title="Hideki Tojo">Tōjō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masayuki_Tani" title="Masayuki Tani">Tani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamoru_Shigemitsu" title="Mamoru Shigemitsu">Shigemitsu</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shigenori_T%C5%8Dg%C5%8D" title="Shigenori Tōgō">S. Tōgō</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamoru_Shigemitsu" title="Mamoru Shigemitsu">Shigemitsu</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kantar%C5%8D_Suzuki" title="Kantarō Suzuki">K. Suzuki</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yoshida</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitoshi_Ashida" title="Hitoshi Ashida">Ashida</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yoshida</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamoru_Shigemitsu" title="Mamoru Shigemitsu">Shigemitsu</a> (3rd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobusuke_Kishi" title="Nobusuke Kishi">Kishi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aiichiro_Fujiyama" class="mw-redirect" title="Aiichiro Fujiyama">Fujiyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zentaro_Kosaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Zentaro Kosaka">Kosaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masayoshi_%C5%8Chira" title="Masayoshi Ōhira">Ōhira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etsusaburo_Shiina" title="Etsusaburo Shiina">Shiina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takeo_Miki" title="Takeo Miki">Miki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiichi_Aichi" title="Kiichi Aichi">Aichi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takeo_Fukuda" title="Takeo Fukuda">Fukuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masayoshi_%C5%8Chira" title="Masayoshi Ōhira">Ōhira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshio_Kimura" title="Toshio Kimura">Kimura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiichi_Miyazawa" title="Kiichi Miyazawa">Miyazawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zentaro_Kosaka" class="mw-redirect" title="Zentaro Kosaka">Kosaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iichir%C5%8D_Hatoyama" title="Iichirō Hatoyama">Hatoyama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunao_Sonoda" title="Sunao Sonoda">Sonoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saburo_Okita" title="Saburo Okita">Okita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masayoshi_Ito" title="Masayoshi Ito">M. Ito</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunao_Sonoda" title="Sunao Sonoda">Sonoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshio_Sakurauchi" title="Yoshio Sakurauchi">Sakurauchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shintaro_Abe" title="Shintaro Abe">S. Abe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tadashi_Kuranari" title="Tadashi Kuranari">Kuranari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C5%8Dsuke_Uno" title="Sōsuke Uno">Uno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hiroshi_Mitsuzuka" title="Hiroshi Mitsuzuka">Mitsuzuka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taro_Nakayama" title="Taro Nakayama">Nakayama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michio_Watanabe" title="Michio Watanabe">Watanabe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabun_Mut%C5%8D" title="Kabun Mutō">Mutō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsutomu_Hata" title="Tsutomu Hata">Hata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koji_Kakizawa" title="Koji Kakizawa">Kakizawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dhei_K%C5%8Dno" title="Yōhei Kōno">Y. Kōno</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yukihiko_Ikeda" title="Yukihiko Ikeda">Ikeda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keiz%C5%8D_Obuchi" title="Keizō Obuchi">Obuchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masahiko_K%C5%8Dmura" title="Masahiko Kōmura">Kōmura</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dhei_K%C5%8Dno" title="Yōhei Kōno">Y. Kōno</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makiko_Tanaka" title="Makiko Tanaka">M. Tanaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Junichiro_Koizumi" title="Junichiro Koizumi">Koizumi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoriko_Kawaguchi" title="Yoriko Kawaguchi">Kawaguchi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobutaka_Machimura" title="Nobutaka Machimura">Machimura</a> (1st)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tar%C5%8D_As%C5%8D" title="Tarō Asō">Asō</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nobutaka_Machimura" title="Nobutaka Machimura">Machimura</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masahiko_K%C5%8Dmura" title="Masahiko Kōmura">Kōmura</a> (2nd)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hirofumi_Nakasone" title="Hirofumi Nakasone">Nakasone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katsuya_Okada" title="Katsuya Okada">Okada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seiji_Maehara" title="Seiji Maehara">Maehara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takeaki_Matsumoto" title="Takeaki Matsumoto">Matsumoto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%8Dichir%C5%8D_Genba" title="Kōichirō Genba">Genba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fumio_Kishida" title="Fumio Kishida">Kishida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taro_Kono" title="Taro Kono">T. Kono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toshimitsu_Motegi" title="Toshimitsu Motegi">Motegi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yoshimasa_Hayashi" title="Yoshimasa Hayashi">Hayashi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C5%8Dko_Kamikawa" title="Yōko Kamikawa">Kamikawa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takeshi_Iwaya" title="Takeshi Iwaya">Iwaya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q301804#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q301804#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q301804#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121224642">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/17336463">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/39257/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJckKBK4fHbD3tqDWmpHG3">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118808141">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79078776">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12552227d">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12552227d">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00097048">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn20000701989&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p072180897">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=104402">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC2018N6687">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007271786405171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA03842025?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118808141.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/067035213">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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