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<span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Geografie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geografie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geschiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geschiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Geschiedenis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geschiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Inhoudsopgave" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" 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mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ga naar een artikel in een andere taal. Beschikbaar in 97 talen" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-97" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">97 talen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82_(%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AF%D9%86%D9%89)" title="المشرق (الشرق الأدنى) – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المشرق (الشرق الأدنى)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%AC%DC%AA%DC%98%DC%AC%DC%90_%DC%95%DC%AB%DC%90%DC%A1" title="ܐܬܪܘܬܐ ܕܫܐܡ – Aramees" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܬܪܘܬܐ ܕܫܐܡ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85" title="الشام – Egyptisch Arabisch" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الشام" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptisch Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llevante_mediterraneu" title="Llevante mediterraneu – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Llevante mediterraneu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Azerbeidzjaans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidzjaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="لوانت – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لوانت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Левант – Basjkiers" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Левант" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Basjkiers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Левант – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Левант" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Левант – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Левант" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%90%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC-%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%9E%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9A%E0%A6%B2" title="ঐতিহাসিক পূর্ব-ভূমধ্যসাগরীয় অঞ্চল – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ঐতিহাসিক পূর্ব-ভূমধ্যসাগরীয় অঞ্চল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%A0%E0%BD%BA%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A7%E0%BE%A5%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%90%E0%BC%8D" title="ལའེ་ཧྥན་ཐ། – Tibetaans" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ལའེ་ཧྥན་ཐ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sav-Heol_(Reter-Nesa%C3%B1)" title="Sav-Heol (Reter-Nesañ) – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Sav-Heol (Reter-Nesañ)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Llevant_(Orient_Pr%C3%B2xim)" title="Llevant (Orient Pròxim) – Catalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Llevant (Orient Pròxim)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85" title="شام – Soranî" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="شام" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Soranî" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levanta" title="Levanta – Tsjechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Levanta" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Левант – Tsjoevasjisch" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Левант" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Tsjoevasjisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lefant" title="Lefant – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Lefant" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levanten" title="Levanten – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Levanten" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levante" title="Levante – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Levante" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%B2%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CF%82" title="Λεβάντες – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λεβάντες" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levantenio" title="Levantenio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Levantenio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levante_mediterr%C3%A1neo" title="Levante mediterráneo – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Levante mediterráneo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Estisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sortalde_(Ekialde_Hurbila)" title="Sortalde (Ekialde Hurbila) – Baskisch" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Sortalde (Ekialde Hurbila)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85_(%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86)" title="شام (سرزمین) – Perzisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شام (سرزمین)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Perzisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levantti" title="Levantti – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Levantti" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant_(Proche-Orient)" title="Levant (Proche-Orient) – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Levant (Proche-Orient)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Arpitaans" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Fries" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Leiveaint" title="An Leiveaint – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="An Leiveaint" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levante_mediterr%C3%A1neo" title="Levante mediterráneo – Galicisch" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Levante mediterráneo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%98" title="לבנט – Hebreeuws" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לבנט" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeuws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9F" title="लेवंट – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="लेवंट" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levante" title="Levante – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Levante" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D6%87%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BF" title="Լևանտ – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լևանտ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levante" title="Levante – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Levante" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levanto" title="Levanto – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Levanto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Botnal%C3%B6nd" title="Botnalönd – IJslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Botnalönd" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="IJslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levante_(regione_storica)" title="Levante (regione storica) – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Levante (regione storica)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%83%90%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88" title="レバント – Japans" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レバント" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ლევანტი – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლევანტი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Левант – Kazachs" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Левант" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazachs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A0%88%EB%B0%98%ED%8A%B8" title="레반트 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="레반트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eam_(her%C3%AAma_erdn%C3%AEgar%C3%AE)" title="Şam (herêma erdnîgarî) – Koerdisch" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Şam (herêma erdnîgarî)" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levans" title="Levans – Latijn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Levans" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latijn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levante" title="Levante – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Levante" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levantas" title="Levantas – Litouws" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Levantas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litouws" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levante" title="Levante – Lets" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Levante" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lets" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ampiposahana_(faritra)" title="Ampiposahana (faritra) – Malagassisch" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Ampiposahana (faritra)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagassisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Левант – Macedonisch" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Левант" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="ലവാന്റ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലവാന്റ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masyrik" title="Masyrik – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Masyrik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levanten" title="Levanten – Noors - Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Levanten" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Noors - Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levanten" title="Levanten – Noors - Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Levanten" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Noors - Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Occitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE_(%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE)" title="ਸ਼ਾਮ (ਇਲਾਕਾ) – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸ਼ਾਮ (ਇਲਾਕਾ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewant" title="Lewant – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Lewant" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA" title="لیونت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لیونت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levante_(Mediterr%C3%A2neo)" title="Levante (Mediterrâneo) – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Levante (Mediterrâneo)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Левант – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Левант" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Левант – Roetheens" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Левант" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Roetheens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Schots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Schots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA_(%D8%B3%D8%B1_%D8%B2%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85)" title="ليوانت (سر زمين شام) – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ليوانت (سر زمين شام)" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Servo-Kroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Servo-Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levanta" title="Levanta – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Levanta" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85" title="شام – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="شام" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Sloveens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloveens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaam" title="Shaam – Somalisch" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Shaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levanti" title="Levanti – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Levanti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Левант – Servisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Левант" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Servisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levanten" title="Levanten – Zweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Levanten" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Zweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D" title="லெவண்ட் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="லெவண்ட்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BC_(%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD)" title="Шом (сарзамин) – Tadzjieks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Шом (сарзамин)" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadzjieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B9%8C" title="ลิแวนต์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ลิแวนต์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewant" title="Lewant – Turkmeens" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Lewant" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebante" title="Lebante – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Lebante" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Левант – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Левант" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Левант – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Левант" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%B1%D8%B2%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%85" title="سرزمین شام – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سرزمین شام" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levante_(rejon_st%C3%B2rega)" title="Levante (rejon stòrega) – Venetiaans" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Levante (rejon stòrega)" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Vietnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%87%A1%E7%89%B9" title="黎凡特 – Wuyu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="黎凡特" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98" title="ლევანტი – Mingreels" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლევანტი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingreels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%87%A1%E7%89%B9" title="黎凡特 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="黎凡特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levant" title="Levant – Minnanyu" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Levant" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnanyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%87%A1%E7%89%B9" title="黎凡特 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="黎凡特" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q81483#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Taalkoppelingen bewerken" class="wbc-editpage">Koppelingen bewerken</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimten"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Levant" title="Inhoudspagina bekijken [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Overleg:Levant" rel="discussion" title="Overleg over deze pagina [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Overleg</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div 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typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/40px-Disambig-dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/60px-Disambig-dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="444" data-file-height="340" /></span></span></span> <i>Zie <a href="/wiki/Levant_(doorverwijspagina)" class="mw-disambig" title="Levant (doorverwijspagina)">Levant (doorverwijspagina)</a> voor andere betekenissen van Levant.</i> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Modern_Levant.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Modern_Levant.PNG/260px-Modern_Levant.PNG" decoding="async" width="260" height="174" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Modern_Levant.PNG/390px-Modern_Levant.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Modern_Levant.PNG/520px-Modern_Levant.PNG 2x" data-file-width="554" data-file-height="370" /></a><figcaption>De Levant</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Timbre_Mouchon_Levant_surchPiastre.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Timbre_Mouchon_Levant_surchPiastre.jpg/260px-Timbre_Mouchon_Levant_surchPiastre.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="305" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Timbre_Mouchon_Levant_surchPiastre.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="292" data-file-height="343" /></a><figcaption>Postzegel gebruikt in de Franse Levant tussen 1902 en 1921</figcaption></figure> <p>De <b>Levant</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch">Arabisch</a>: بلاد الشام, <i>Belad Ash-Shaam</i>) of het <b>Morgenland</b> is de historisch-geografische naam voor een deel van <a href="/wiki/Zuidwest-Azi%C3%AB" title="Zuidwest-Azië">Zuidwest-Azië</a>. Het beslaat het gedeelte direct ten oosten van de <a href="/wiki/Middellandse_Zee" title="Middellandse Zee">Middellandse Zee</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografie">Geografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Levant&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Levant&action=edit&section=1" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geografie"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De streek wordt begrensd door de <a href="/wiki/Taurus_(gebergte)" title="Taurus (gebergte)">Taurus</a> in het noorden, de <a href="/wiki/Syrische_Woestijn" title="Syrische Woestijn">Syrische Woestijn</a> en de noordelijke <a href="/wiki/Grote_Arabische_Woestijn" title="Grote Arabische Woestijn">Grote Arabische Woestijn</a> in het oosten. De <a href="/wiki/Sina%C3%AF_(schiereiland)" title="Sinaï (schiereiland)">Sinaï</a> wordt soms tot de Levant gerekend, maar vormt in het algemeen de streek ten zuiden ervan. Het gebied beslaat <a href="/wiki/Isra%C3%ABl" title="Israël">Israël</a>, grotendeels <a href="/wiki/Jordani%C3%AB" title="Jordanië">Jordanië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Libanon" title="Libanon">Libanon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syri%C3%AB" title="Syrië">Syrië</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palestina_(staat)" title="Palestina (staat)">Palestina</a>, de Turkse provincie <a href="/wiki/Hatay_(provincie)" title="Hatay (provincie)">Hatay</a> en soms ook de Turkse streek <a href="/wiki/Cilici%C3%AB" title="Cilicië">Cilicië</a>. Het eiland <a href="/wiki/Cyprus_(eiland)" title="Cyprus (eiland)">Cyprus</a> laat men ook wel onder de Levant vallen. Het woord Levant komt van het <a href="/wiki/Latijn" title="Latijn">Latijnse</a> woord 'levare' of van het Franse 'lever', die beide 'rijzen' betekenen. Het is een aanduiding voor 'het land waar de zon opkomt', ook bekend onder de Arabische naam <a href="/wiki/Mashriq" class="mw-redirect" title="Mashriq">Mashriq</a>. Tegengesteld daaraan is de <a href="/wiki/Maghreb" title="Maghreb">Maghreb</a> of 'het land waar de zon ondergaat', waaronder meestal de landen in het westen van Noord-Afrika worden begrepen. Samen met <a href="/wiki/Mesopotami%C3%AB" title="Mesopotamië">Mesopotamië</a>, het zuidoosten van <a href="/wiki/Anatoli%C3%AB" title="Anatolië">Anatolië</a> en het noordoosten van <a href="/wiki/Egypte_(land)" title="Egypte (land)">Egypte</a> vormt de Levant het gebied van de <a href="/wiki/Vruchtbare_Sikkel" title="Vruchtbare Sikkel">Vruchtbare Sikkel</a>. </p><p><b>Levantijnse staten</b> </p> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable">Vlag </th> <th>Land </th> <th>Hoofdstad </th> <th>Taal </th> <th>Religie </th> <th class="unsortable">Opmerking </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Hatay.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_Hatay.svg/40px-Flag_of_Hatay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_Hatay.svg/60px-Flag_of_Hatay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Flag_of_Hatay.svg/120px-Flag_of_Hatay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hatay_(provincie)" title="Hatay (provincie)">Hatay</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antiochi%C3%AB" title="Antiochië">Antiochië</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Turks" title="Turks">Turks</a> en <a href="/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch">Arabisch</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> en <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">christendom</a> </td> <td>Van 1938 tot 1939 was Hatay een <a href="/wiki/Republiek_Hatay" title="Republiek Hatay">onafhankelijk republiek</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Israel.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/40px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="29" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/60px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/80px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Isra%C3%ABl" title="Israël">Israël</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jeruzalem" title="Jeruzalem">Jeruzalem</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Hebreeuws" title="Hebreeuws">Hebreeuws</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jodendom" title="Jodendom">Jodendom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">islam</a> en <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">christendom</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Jordan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/120px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jordani%C3%AB" title="Jordanië">Jordanië</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amman_(stad)" title="Amman (stad)">Amman</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch">Arabisch</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> en <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">christendom</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Lebanon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/60px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Flag_of_Lebanon.svg/80px-Flag_of_Lebanon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Libanon" title="Libanon">Libanon</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Beiroet" title="Beiroet">Beiroet</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch">Arabisch</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> en <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">christendom</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_Palestine.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/40px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/60px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Palestine.svg/120px-Flag_of_Palestine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Palestina_(staat)" title="Palestina (staat)">Palestina</a> </td> <td>(Oost-)<a href="/wiki/Jeruzalem" title="Jeruzalem">Jeruzalem</a> (betwist) / <a href="/wiki/Ramallah" title="Ramallah">Ramallah</a> (niet officieel) </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch">Arabisch</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> en <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">christendom</a> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bestand:Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_(1958%E2%80%931971),_Flag_of_Syria_(1980%E2%80%932024).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Republic_%281958%E2%80%931971%29%2C_Flag_of_Syria_%281980%E2%80%932024%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Syri%C3%AB" title="Syrië">Syrië</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Arabisch" title="Arabisch">Arabisch</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> en <a href="/wiki/Christendom" title="Christendom">christendom</a> </td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschiedenis">Geschiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Levant&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Bewerk dit kopje: Geschiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Levant&action=edit&section=2" title="De broncode bewerken van de sectie: Geschiedenis"><span>brontekst bewerken</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>De Levant is de streek waar de <a href="/wiki/Emmertarwe" title="Emmertarwe">emmertarwe</a> van nature voorkwam, waarvan voor de landbouw geschikt zaad kon worden geselecteerd en meegenomen naar de wijdere omgeving. Dit leidde rond <a href="/wiki/7e_millennium_v.Chr." title="7e millennium v.Chr.">7000 v.Chr.</a> tot de <a href="/wiki/Neolithische_revolutie" title="Neolithische revolutie">neolithische revolutie</a>. Bevolkingstoename zorgde ook voor de eerste kolonisatie van geschikte gebieden zoals het <a href="/wiki/Oude_Griekenland" title="Oude Griekenland">Oude Griekenland</a> en de <a href="/wiki/Balkan_(schiereiland)" title="Balkan (schiereiland)">Balkan</a>, waar tot dan alleen rondtrekkende <a href="/wiki/Jager-verzamelaar" title="Jager-verzamelaar">jager-verzamelaars</a> actief waren. Emmertarwe kwam daar oorspronkelijk niet voor, maar werd meegenomen door de jongere landbouwersgeneraties die deze streken geleidelijk dichter bevolkten. Via de <a href="/wiki/Cycladen" title="Cycladen">Cycladen</a> werden spoedig ook de grotere eilanden <a href="/wiki/Santorini" title="Santorini">Thera</a> en <a href="/wiki/Kreta" title="Kreta">Kreta</a> bevolkt. <a href="/wiki/Ugarit" title="Ugarit">Ugarit</a> vervulde als havenplaats voor de verbinding via Cyprus met de Levant een sleutelrol. De oude cultuur van de Levant lag op die manier aan de basis van de westerse beschaving. Op Kreta ontwikkelde zich later de <a href="/wiki/Mino%C3%AFsche_beschaving" title="Minoïsche beschaving">Minoïsche beschaving</a>. </p><p>De cultuur van het <a href="/wiki/Oude_Egypte" title="Oude Egypte">Oude Egypte</a> kwam iets voor <a href="/wiki/3e_millennium_v.Chr." title="3e millennium v.Chr.">3000 v.Chr.</a> op. In die tijd zou de Levant en voornamelijk <a href="/wiki/Kana%C3%A4n_(gebied)" title="Kanaän (gebied)">Kanaän</a> door <a href="/wiki/Indo-Europese_talen" title="Indo-Europese talen">Indo-Europese stammen</a> zijn overspoeld en deels onder de voet gelopen. De aanleiding zou een plotselinge klimaatsverandering zijn geweest, waardoor droogte in de hoger gelegen graslanden van de berggebieden ontstond en de lager gelegen vruchtbare landbouwgebieden ineens veel aantrekkelijker werden voor de <a href="/wiki/Nomade" title="Nomade">nomaden</a>.<sup class="noprint nopopups"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bronvermelding#Bron_gevraagd" title="Wikipedia:Bronvermelding"><span title="Voor deze uitspraak is sinds 29 juni 2014 een bronvermelding gewenst.">[bron?]</span></a></sup> </p><p>De Levant was door zijn centrale ligging tussen drie continenten vanouds ook steeds een doorgangsgebied voor rondtrekkende nomaden en voor karavanen met reizende handelaars. Deze routes sloten aan op de oeroude <a href="/wiki/Zijderoute" title="Zijderoute">zijderoutes</a>. Ook via de zee werden vanouds goederen verhandeld met <a href="/wiki/Elam" title="Elam">Elam</a> en van daar met de rijke <a href="/wiki/Indus-Gangesvlakte" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus-Gangesvlakte">Indusvallei</a>. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r67837862">.mw-parser-output .navigatie{position:relative;clear:both;overflow:auto;margin:1em auto -0.5em;padding:2px;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);text-align:center;font-size:87%}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken{margin-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-bewerken .mw-ui-icon::before{background-size:0.9em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-links,.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-rechts{right:2px}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-afb-groot{float:right;padding-left:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .navigatie-titel{background-color:#ddeef8;padding:2px 5.5em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output 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