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</button> <ul id="toc-College_English_Test-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Before_2005_reform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Before_2005_reform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Before 2005 reform</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Before_2005_reform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2005_reform" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2005_reform"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>2005 reform</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2005_reform-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Test_for_English_Majors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Test_for_English_Majors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Test for English Majors</span> 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22College+English+Test%22">"College English Test"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22College+English+Test%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22College+English+Test%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22College+English+Test%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22College+English+Test%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22College+English+Test%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Chinese college exam</div> <p>The <b>College English Test</b> (<a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Chinese</a>: <span lang="zh-Hans">全国大学英语四、六级考试</span>), better known as <b>CET</b>, is a national <a href="/wiki/English_as_a_foreign_or_second_language" class="mw-redirect" title="English as a foreign or second language">English as a foreign language</a> test in the <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">People's Republic of China</a>. It examines the English proficiency of undergraduate and postgraduate students in China. It is meant to ensure that Chinese undergraduates and postgraduates reach the required English levels specified in the National College English Teaching Syllabuses (NCETS).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This test has existed in China for 26 years and now 18 million people take it annually.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It includes two levels, CET4 (四级) and CET6 (六级), and prefers <a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">American English</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another kind of national English as a foreign language test is <b>Test for English Majors</b> (Chinese: <span lang="zh-Hans">全国高等学校英语专业四、八级考试</span>), better known as <b>TEM</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It includes two levels—TEM4 (四级) and TEM8 (八级). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="College_English_Test">College English Test</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=College_English_Test&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: College English Test"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Generally, all non-English-major university students are allowed to take the College English Test. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Before_2005_reform">Before 2005 reform</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=College_English_Test&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Before 2005 reform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Before the 2005 reform, the maximum score was 100 points. A test score higher than 85 is graded as "Excellent", and a test score higher than 60 but below 85 is graded as "Pass" in the certificate. This test was held nationally twice a year in summer and winter. The CET consisted of the non-English-specialized "Band 4" (CET4), in which certificate-holders have reached the English level of non-English major undergraduate students, and "Band 6" (CET6), in which the certificate-holders have reached the English level of non-English major postgraduates. The test included listening, reading and writing sections. The spoken test was optional. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="2005_reform">2005 reform</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=College_English_Test&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 2005 reform"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CET-6_Score_Report.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/CET-6_Score_Report.jpg/250px-CET-6_Score_Report.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="335" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/CET-6_Score_Report.jpg/375px-CET-6_Score_Report.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/CET-6_Score_Report.jpg/500px-CET-6_Score_Report.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1936" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>CET-6 Score Report for non-English-Major students</figcaption></figure> <p>The CET was reformed in 2005. Several changes were made, including: </p> <ul><li>Re-ordered and re-organized sections; more listening and spoken sections; new "Skimming & Scanning" and "Translation" sections;</li> <li>New grading system: scores are graded on a curved scale, so that the highest score possible is 710, while the lowest mark is a score of 290 (finish all questions but all wrong);</li> <li>Passing grades and qualification certificate elimination;</li> <li>A more detailed score report on each section;</li> <li>Public service elimination: only university students need to take the test.</li></ul> <p>The CET-4 is important for university students in China who are not English majors. It is not a prerequisite for a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">bachelor's degree</a> but some universities in China require students get 425 scores in CET4 to get the degree. Many postgraduate universities also require CET4 at least 425 or CET6 at least 425. In some universities, if students want to get the qualification to be enrolled as a master student without an exam(Bishi),that is to say, he or she can Baoyan, they should get CET6 certification. Many <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_China" title="Economy of China">employers in China</a> prefer applicants with CET-4 or even CET-6 certification. </p><p>Passing the CET is important for Chinese college students. Graduates may only be able to get a degree or a good job if they can pass the CET with a high score. </p><p>While the CET tests reading, writing and listening, it does have a separate test for speaking. The speaking test is held twice a year and only students with a CET Band-4 score higher than 550 or a CET Band-6 higher than 485 are eligible for the test. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Test_for_English_Majors">Test for English Majors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=College_English_Test&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Test for English Majors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A similar but more rigorous test, the Test for English Majors (TEM), is mandatory for English majors, and it is generally only for English majors. For these students, passing the TEM-4 is a graduation requirement. The test should be taken by the end of the second academic or sophomore year. TEM-8 ("Band 8") is the highest level for English major students; it should be taken during the end of the last academic or senior year. </p><p>If an English-major student fails to pass the TEM-4 during their sophomore year, they may attempt to pass the TEM-8 during their senior year. Those failing the TEM-8 are only allowed one re-test (during the following year after they have graduated from college). A second failure results in lifelong disqualification. </p><p>Both TEM4 and TEM8 are the only two lifelong qualifications for any student. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vocabulary_requirements">Vocabulary requirements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=College_English_Test&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Vocabulary requirements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="CET_series">CET series</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=College_English_Test&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: CET series"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>CET-4: 4500 words</li> <li>CET-6: 6500 words</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="TEM_series">TEM series</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=College_English_Test&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: TEM series"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>TEM-4: 8000 words</li> <li>TEM-8: 13000 words</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Social_consequences">Social consequences</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=College_English_Test&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Social consequences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Some Chinese researchers point out the positive social consequences of the CET as it has promoted the role of English teaching and learning at the tertiary level in China over its 20-year history.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, other researchers challenge the CET by pointing out that the test does not assess communicative competence as the teaching syllabus requires.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Before the recent reform of the CET, the large proportion of multiple choice questions made this test an efficient one, but possible sacrifices in accurately measuring English language ability remained a concern.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the CET certificates had been one of the graduation requirements of undergraduates in the majority of Chinese universities for almost 20 years, test-oriented teaching was another severe problem. However, changes made in the CET test content, format, and scoring systems are evidence of the endeavors to bring about positive <a href="/wiki/Washback_effect" title="Washback effect">washback</a> of the test on English teaching and learning in China. It is the expectation of the CET committee that the test can reflect and catch up with the needs of rapid economic reform and the new open-door policy.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exam_score_distributions">Exam score distributions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=College_English_Test&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Exam score distributions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Answering all questions incorrectly will result in 330, the lowest score a test taker can get in CET4. By contrast, receiving a score higher than 600 is usually regarded as "perfect" and that means the test taker has not only answered most multiple choice questions correctly but also received positive feedback on their performance in the writing section.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>330</th> <th>350</th> <th>370</th> <th>390</th> <th>410</th> <th>430</th> <th>450</th> <th>470</th> <th>490</th> <th>510</th> <th>530</th> <th>550</th> <th>570</th> <th>590</th> <th>610</th> <th>630</th> <th>650+ </th></tr> <tr> <td>1%</td> <td>2%</td> <td>4%</td> <td>7%</td> <td>11%</td> <td>17%</td> <td>25%</td> <td>34%</td> <td>44%</td> <td>55%</td> <td>65%</td> <td>74%</td> <td>83%</td> <td>90%</td> <td>95%</td> <td>98%</td> <td>99% </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=College_English_Test&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_College_Entrance_Examination" class="mw-redirect" title="National College Entrance Examination">National College Entrance Examination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_education_in_China" title="English education in China">English education in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Education in the People's Republic of China">Education in the People's Republic of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teaching_English_as_a_foreign_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Teaching English as a foreign language">Teaching English as a foreign language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_English_Test_System" title="Public English Test System">Public English Test System</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=College_English_Test&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Syllabus for College English Test</i>. 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"On the negative impact of College English Test Band 4". <i>Educational Science</i>. <b>19</b>: 35–39.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Educational+Science&rft.atitle=On+the+negative+impact+of+College+English+Test+Band+4&rft.volume=19&rft.pages=35-39&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Zhang&rft.aufirst=X&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACollege+English+Test" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJin2006" class="citation journal cs1">Jin, Y (2006). "On the improvement of test validity and test washback: The CET". <i>Foreign Language World</i>. <b>6</b>: 65–73.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Foreign+Language+World&rft.atitle=On+the+improvement+of+test+validity+and+test+washback%3A+The+CET&rft.volume=6&rft.pages=65-73&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Jin&rft.aufirst=Y&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACollege+English+Test" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210212140721/http://cet.neea.edu.cn/html1/folder/19081/5124-1.htm">"分数解释 - 中国教育考试网"</a>. 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English Language Proficiency Index Program">CELPIP</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Recruitment_Examination" title="Common Recruitment Examination">CRE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duolingo_English_Test" title="Duolingo English Test">DET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Examination_for_the_Certificate_of_Competency_in_English" title="Examination for the Certificate of Competency in English">ECCE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Examination_for_the_Certificate_of_Proficiency_in_English" title="Examination for the Certificate of Proficiency in English">ECPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EF_Standard_English_Test" title="EF Standard English Test">EFSET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STEP_Eiken" title="STEP Eiken">Eiken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CaMLA_English_Placement_Test" title="CaMLA English Placement Test">EPT</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/General_English_Proficiency_Test" title="General English Proficiency Test">GEPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Tests_of_English_Language_Proficiency" title="General Tests of English Language Proficiency">G-TELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_English_Language_Testing_System" title="International English Language Testing System">IELTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_Proficiency_Assessment_for_Teachers" title="Language Proficiency Assessment for Teachers">LPAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MELAB" title="MELAB">MELAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michigan_English_Test" title="Michigan English Test">MET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTELP_Series" title="MTELP Series">MTELP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysian_University_English_Test" title="Malaysian University English Test">MUET</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_English_Test_System" title="Public English Test System">PETS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pearson_Language_Tests" class="mw-redirect" title="Pearson Language Tests">PTE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_of_English_Proficiency_(South_Korea)" title="Test of English Proficiency (South Korea)">TEPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_of_English_as_a_Foreign_Language" title="Test of English as a Foreign Language">TOEFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOEIC" title="TOEIC">TOEIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TrackTest" title="TrackTest">TrackTest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College_London_ESOL" title="Trinity College London ESOL">Trinity College London</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Learners_Tests_of_English" title="Young Learners Tests of English">YLTE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">German</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goethe-Institut#Exams" title="Goethe-Institut">Goethe-Zertifikat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsches_Sprachdiplom_Stufe_I_and_II" title="Deutsches Sprachdiplom Stufe I and II">KMK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quanguo_Waiyu_Shuiping_Kaoshi" title="Quanguo Waiyu Shuiping Kaoshi">NTD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TestDaF" title="TestDaF">TestDaF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dutch</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CNaVT" title="CNaVT">CNaVT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staatsexamen_Nederlands_als_tweede_taal" title="Staatsexamen Nederlands als tweede taal">NT2</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spanish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Certificate_of_Use_of_Language_in_Spanish" title="Certificate of Use of Language in Spanish">CELU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diplomas_de_Espa%C3%B1ol_como_Lengua_Extranjera" class="mw-redirect" title="Diplomas de Español como Lengua Extranjera">DELE</a></li> <li>SIELE</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portuguese</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CAPLE" title="CAPLE">CAPLE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CELPE-Bras" title="CELPE-Bras">CELPE-Bras</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">French</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dipl%C3%B4me_approfondi_de_langue_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Diplôme approfondi de langue française">DALF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipl%C3%B4me_d%27%C3%A9tudes_en_langue_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Diplôme d'études en langue française">DELF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_de_connaissance_du_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Test de connaissance du français">TCF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_d%27%C3%A9valuation_du_fran%C3%A7ais" class="mw-redirect" title="Test d'évaluation du français">TEF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_de_fran%C3%A7ais_international" title="Test de français international">TFI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quanguo_Waiyu_Shuiping_Kaoshi" title="Quanguo Waiyu Shuiping Kaoshi">TNF</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CELI" title="CELI">CELI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certification_of_Italian_as_a_Foreign_Language" title="Certification of Italian as a Foreign Language">CILS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PLIDA" title="PLIDA">PLIDA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chinese</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Common_Recruitment_Examination" title="Common Recruitment Examination">CRE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Shuiping_Kaoshi" title="Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi">HSK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_Proficiency_Assessment_for_Teachers" title="Language Proficiency Assessment for Teachers">LPAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putonghua_Proficiency_Test" title="Putonghua Proficiency Test">PSC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_of_Chinese_as_a_Foreign_Language" title="Test of Chinese as a Foreign Language">TOCFL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZHC" title="ZHC">ZHC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Japanese</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Business_Japanese_Proficiency_Test" title="Business Japanese Proficiency Test">BJPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese-Language_Proficiency_Test" title="Japanese-Language Proficiency Test">JLPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J-Test" title="J-Test">J-Test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nihongo_Kentei" title="Nihongo Kentei">Nihongo Kentei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanji_Kentei" title="Kanji Kentei">Kanji Kentei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quanguo_Waiyu_Shuiping_Kaoshi" title="Quanguo Waiyu Shuiping Kaoshi">NNS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Korean</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Language_Ability_Test" title="Korean Language Ability Test">KLAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_of_Proficiency_in_Korean" title="Test of Proficiency in Korean">TOPIK</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Russian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quanguo_Waiyu_Shuiping_Kaoshi" title="Quanguo Waiyu Shuiping Kaoshi">RLPT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_of_Russian_as_a_Foreign_Language" title="Test of Russian as a Foreign Language">TORFL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Polish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Certificate_Examinations_in_Polish_as_a_Foreign_Language" title="Certificate Examinations in Polish as a Foreign Language">CEPFL</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Swedish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Swedex" title="Swedex">Swedex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Test_in_Swedish_for_University_Studies" title="Test in Swedish for University Studies">TISUS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Norwegian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bergenstest" title="Bergenstest">Bergenstest</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Indonesian</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Uji_Kemahiran_Berbahasa_Indonesia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Uji Kemahiran Berbahasa Indonesia (page does not exist)">UKBI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Galician</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Certificate_of_Galician_Studies" title="Certificate of Galician Studies">CELGA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Irish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teastas_Eorpach_na_Gaeilge" title="Teastas Eorpach na Gaeilge">TEG</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multilingual</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_European_Language_Certificates" title="The European Language Certificates">TELC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Education_in_China" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Education_in_China" title="Template:Education in China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Education_in_China" title="Template talk:Education in China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Education_in_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Education in China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Education_in_China" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_China" title="Education in China">Education in China</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b>Education system</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_education_in_China" title="History of education in China">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_examination" title="Imperial examination">Imperial examination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_(bureaucrat)" title="Mandarin (bureaucrat)">Mandarin (bureaucrat)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scholar-official" title="Scholar-official">Scholar-bureaucrats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taixue" title="Taixue">Taixue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academies_of_Classical_Learning" title="Academies of Classical Learning">Academies of Classical Learning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Chinese_educators" title="Category:Chinese educators">Chinese educators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burning_of_books_and_burying_of_scholars" title="Burning of books and burying of scholars">Burning of books and burying of scholars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guozijian" title="Guozijian">Guozijian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Guozijian" title="Beijing Guozijian">Beijing Guozijian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hundred_Schools_of_Thought" title="Hundred Schools of Thought">Hundred Schools of Thought</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scouting_and_Guiding_in_mainland_China" title="Scouting and Guiding in mainland China">Scouting in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_divide_in_China" title="Digital divide in China">Digital divide in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Challenge_Cup_Competition_of_Science_Achievement_in_China" title="Challenge Cup Competition of Science Achievement in China">Challenge Cup Competition of Science Achievement in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_Fourth_Movement" title="May Fourth Movement">May Fourth Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1952_reorganization_of_higher_education_in_China" title="1952 reorganization of higher education in China">1952 reorganization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_inequality_in_China" title="Education inequality in China">Education inequality in China</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/National_academy" title="National academy">Academies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Chinese Academy of Sciences">Chinese Academy of Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Academy_of_Social_Sciences" title="Chinese Academy of Social Sciences">Chinese Academy of Social Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Academy_of_Engineering" title="Chinese Academy of Engineering">Chinese Academy of Engineering</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Projects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plan_111" title="Plan 111">Plan 111</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_211" title="Project 211">Project 211</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_985" title="Project 985">Project 985</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Double_First-Class_Construction" title="Double First-Class Construction">Double First-Class Construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Hope" title="Project Hope">Project Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thousand_Talents_Plan" title="Thousand Talents Plan">Thousand Talents Plan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/State_Council_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" title="State Council of the People's Republic of China">Administration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_(China)" title="Ministry of Education (China)">Ministry of Education</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Education_Examinations_Authority" title="National Education Examinations Authority">National Education Examinations Authority</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_China#Compulsory_education_law" title="Education in China">Basic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_China#Primary_education" title="Education in China">Primary education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_China#Secondary_education" title="Education in China">Secondary education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boarding_schools_in_China" title="Boarding schools in China">Boarding schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_and_public_schools_in_China" title="Private and public schools in China">Private and public schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhongkao" title="Zhongkao">Zhongkao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_China#Vocational_and_technical_schools" title="Education in China">Vocational</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_China#Vocational_and_technical_schools" title="Education in China">Vocation education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Higher_education_in_China" title="Higher education in China">Higher</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaokao" title="Gaokao">Gaokao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Key_Disciplines" title="National Key Disciplines">National Key Disciplines</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">College English Test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Key_Universities" title="National Key Universities">National Key Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academic_grading_in_China" title="Academic grading in China">Academic grading in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Key_Laboratories" title="State Key Laboratories">State Key Laboratories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JUPAS" title="JUPAS">JUPAS</a> <ul><li><i>for <a href="/wiki/Higher_education_in_Hong_Kong" title="Higher education in Hong Kong">HKSAR students</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academic_ranks_in_China" title="Academic ranks in China">Academic ranks in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-Taught_Higher_Education_Examinations" title="Self-Taught Higher Education Examinations">Self-Taught Higher Education Examinations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Libraries_in_China" title="Libraries in China">Libraries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Archives_in_China" title="Archives in China">Archives in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_collecting_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Book collecting in China">Book collecting in China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_China" title="National Library of China">National Library of China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Library" title="Nanjing Library">Nanjing Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Library" title="Shanghai Library">Shanghai Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Specialist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Medical_schools_in_China" title="Category:Medical schools in China">Medical schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_business_schools_in_Asia#China" title="List of business schools in Asia">Business schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_law_schools_in_China" title="List of law schools in China">Law schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_foreign-language_schools_in_China" title="List of foreign-language schools in China">Foreign-language schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_of_journalism_and_communication_in_China" title="List of schools of journalism and communication in China">Schools of Journalism and Communication</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Int'l cooperation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_East_Asian_Research_Universities" title="Association of East Asian Research Universities">Association of East Asian Research Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Pacific_Rim_Universities" title="Association of Pacific Rim Universities">Association of Pacific Rim Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_U8_Consortium" title="Global U8 Consortium">Global U8 Consortium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Alliance_of_Research_Universities" title="International Alliance of Research Universities">International Alliance of Research Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universitas_21#East_Asia" title="Universitas 21">Universitas 21</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldwide_Universities_Network" title="Worldwide Universities Network">Worldwide Universities Network</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subject areas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/English_education_in_China" title="English education in China">English education</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Exams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Shuiping_Kaoshi" title="Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi">Hanyu Shuiping Kaoshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putonghua_Proficiency_Test" title="Putonghua Proficiency Test">Putonghua Proficiency Test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZHC" title="ZHC">Zhíyè Hànyŭ Nénglì Cèshì</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Common_Recruitment_Examination" title="Common Recruitment Examination">Common Recruitment Examination</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Language_Proficiency_Assessment_for_Teachers" title="Language Proficiency Assessment for Teachers">Language Proficiency Assessment for Teachers</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">College English Test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quanguo_Waiyu_Shuiping_Kaoshi" title="Quanguo Waiyu Shuiping Kaoshi">Quanguo Waiyu Shuiping Kaoshi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_English_Test_System" title="Public English Test System">Public English Test System</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_China" title="Rankings of universities in China">Rankings</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_and_colleges_in_China" title="List of universities and colleges in China">List of universities and colleges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academic_Ranking_of_World_Universities" title="Academic Ranking of World Universities">ARWU</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Best_Chinese_Universities_Ranking" title="Best Chinese Universities Ranking">BCUR</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Wu_Shulian_Chinese_university_rankings" title="Wu Shulian Chinese university rankings">Wu Shulian</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CUAA_Chinese_university_ranking" title="CUAA Chinese university ranking">CUAA</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Netbig_Chinese_university_ranking" title="Netbig Chinese university ranking">Netbig</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Rankings_of_universities_in_China" title="Rankings of universities in China">Rankings of universities in China</a>, <a href="/wiki/Science_and_technology_in_China" title="Science and technology in China">Science and technology in China</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Types_of_universities_and_colleges_in_China" title="Types of universities and colleges in China">Types of universities and colleges in China</a></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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