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Described by <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> as a "pioneer <a href="/wiki/Realism_(visual_arts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Realism (visual arts)">realist</a> painter",<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chamberlain has two works, <i>Interior: Late August</i> (1955) and <i>The Barricade</i> (1958), in the permanent collection of the <a href="/wiki/Smithsonian_American_Art_Museum" title="Smithsonian American Art Museum">Smithsonian American Art Museum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wynn_Chamberlain&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elwyn Chamberlain was born in <a href="/wiki/Minneapolis" title="Minneapolis">Minneapolis</a>, Minnesota, in 1927.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After serving in the US Navy from 1944 to 1946, he studied art at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Idaho" title="University of Idaho">University of Idaho</a>, where he graduated with a bachelor's degree in 1949. He then took a master's degree in philosophy at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Wisconsin" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Wisconsin">University of Wisconsin</a>, while continuing to paint and studying with the <a href="/wiki/Magic_realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic realism">Magic realist</a> artist, <a href="/wiki/John_Wilde" title="John Wilde">John Wilde</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Art_career">Art career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wynn_Chamberlain&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Art career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He had his first solo exhibition in Milwaukee in 1951,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and three years later he had his first <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> solo exhibition at the Edwin Hewitt Gallery. Throughout the 1950s and 1960s his realist landscapes, interior scenes, and allegorical paintings were exhibited throughout the United States and in Europe. Although his work tended to become more <a href="/wiki/Abstract_art" title="Abstract art">abstract</a> in the 1960s, he had a major exhibition of nude portraits at the Fischbach Gallery in 1965. The portraits were of New York literary and artistic figures of the time. One of the most famous of these is <i>Poets Dressed and Undressed</i>, two panels portraying <a href="/wiki/Joe_Brainard" title="Joe Brainard">Joe Brainard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Frank_O%27Hara" title="Frank O'Hara">Frank O'Hara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joe_LeSueur" title="Joe LeSueur">Joe LeSueur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frank_Lima_(poet)" title="Frank Lima (poet)">Frank Lima</a>. The exhibition also included a nude portrait of <a href="/wiki/Allen_Ginsberg" title="Allen Ginsberg">Allen Ginsberg</a> who wrote the publicity flyer for the exhibition (<i>Chamberlain's "Nakeds"</i>) as well as notes for the catalogue, wherein he equated Chamberlain's nudes with the ecstatic poetry of <a href="/wiki/William_Blake" title="William Blake">William Blake</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1960s Chamberlain also became involved in <a href="/wiki/Andy_Warhol" title="Andy Warhol">Andy Warhol</a>'s circle.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the latter part of that decade he increasingly turned from painting to film and theatre. In 1967 he produced the premiere of <a href="/wiki/Charles_Ludlam" title="Charles Ludlam">Charles Ludlam</a>'s <i>Conquest of the Universe</i> at the <a href="/wiki/Bouwerie_Lane_Theatre" title="Bouwerie Lane Theatre">Bouwerie Lane Theatre</a>, directed by <a href="/wiki/Theater_of_the_Ridiculous" class="mw-redirect" title="Theater of the Ridiculous">John Vaccaro</a> and starring several members of Andy Warhol's <a href="/wiki/The_Factory" title="The Factory">Factory</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Taylor_Mead" title="Taylor Mead">Taylor Mead</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ultra_Violet_(Isabelle_Collin_Dufresne)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ultra Violet (Isabelle Collin Dufresne)">Ultra Violet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chamberlain also wrote, produced and directed the film <i>Brand X</i> which premiered in 1970. The film, a satire on American television commercials, included <a href="/wiki/Taylor_Mead" title="Taylor Mead">Taylor Mead</a>, <a href="/wiki/Candy_Darling" title="Candy Darling">Candy Darling</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abbie_Hoffman" title="Abbie Hoffman">Abbie Hoffman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baby_Jane_Holzer" class="mw-redirect" title="Baby Jane Holzer">Baby Jane Holzer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sam_Shepard" title="Sam Shepard">Sam Shepard</a> in the cast. </p><p>On 7 September 1965, in Staatsburg, New York,<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Chamberlain married Sally Stokes, the former wife of John Sergeant Cram III and a daughter of Frederick Hallock Stokes.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The couple had two children in 1968, fraternal twins Sara Ninigret Stokes Chamberlain and Samuel Wyandance Stokes Chamberlain.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wynn_Chamberlain&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1970, Chamberlain left the <a href="/wiki/Underground_film" title="Underground film">underground</a> scene and the art world behind. He burned his paintings and left for India with his wife and children.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The family were to live there for five years – in the <a href="/wiki/Terai" title="Terai">Terai</a> with a <a href="/wiki/Tantra" title="Tantra">Tantric</a> <a href="/wiki/Yogi" title="Yogi">yogi</a>, in the village of <a href="/wiki/Kollur,_Udupi_district" title="Kollur, Udupi district">Kollur</a> in Karnataka, and in <a href="/wiki/Bangalore" title="Bangalore">Bangalore</a>, in an old colonial mansion once owned by <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington" title="Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington">Arthur Wellesley</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On their return to the United States in 1975, they bought land in California's <a href="/wiki/Mendocino_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Mendocino County">Mendocino County</a>, lived in a tent for three years, built their house and grew most of their own food.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was during this time that Chamberlain became a novelist. His first novel, <i>Gates of Fire</i>, was published by Grove Press in 1978. <i>Gates of Fire</i>, like his third novel, <i>Then Spoke the Thunder</i>, is set in India. </p><p>As of 2009<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wynn_Chamberlain&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> Chamberlain was living in <a href="/wiki/Marrakech" class="mw-redirect" title="Marrakech">Marrakech, Morocco</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Chamberlain died in <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>, India, of heart failure on 27 November 2014, at the age of 87.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Novels">Novels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wynn_Chamberlain&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Novels"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Gates of Fire</i> (1978) Grove Press, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-50162-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-50162-4">0-394-50162-4</a> (also published in Spanish as <i>El guru</i> (1979) Martínez Roca, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/84-270-0540-7" title="Special:BookSources/84-270-0540-7">84-270-0540-7</a> and in Dutch as <i>Door een poort Van Vuur</i> (1980) Omega, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-6057-077-4" title="Special:BookSources/90-6057-077-4">90-6057-077-4</a>)</li> <li><i>Hound Dog</i> (1984) North Atlantic Press <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-938190-25-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-938190-25-3">0-938190-25-3</a></li> <li><i>Then Spoke the Thunder</i> (1987) Grove Press (also published in French as <i>La nuit tomba sur Kotagarth</i> (1990) Laffont, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/2-221-05995-6" title="Special:BookSources/2-221-05995-6">2-221-05995-6</a>)</li> <li><i>Paradise</i> (2006) Kadmos Publishing</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wynn_Chamberlain&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thorton (11 November 1973) p. 179</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smithsonian American Art Museum</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stix (22 September 1978) p. C1. Note that the year of birth is given as 1928 in Cummings (1971) p. 94.and 1929 in American Federation of Arts (1959)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Cozzolino (2006)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smithsonian American Art Museum</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">McCarthy (1998) p.31</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Banes (1993) pp. 55-56 and p. 124. Further reading on the relationship between Chamberlain and Warhol can be found in: Watson, Steven, <i>Factory Made: Warhol and the Sixties</i>, Pantheon, 2003. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-679-42372-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-679-42372-9">0-679-42372-9</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Smith (30 November 1967) p. 33</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Social Register</i>, Social Register Association, 1966, page 132</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Miss Sally Stokes Married in the South to John S. Cram", <i>The Philadelphia Inquirer</i>, 3 April 1960, pages 1 and 3</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Duke's Daughter Maryland Bride of John Cram 3d", <i>The New York Times</i>, 10 March 1964</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"Twins to Mrs Chamberlain", <i>The New York Times</i>, 14 March 1968</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stix (22 September 1978) p. C1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chamberlain (July 2000)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Stix (22 September 1978) p. C1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">*Chamberlain, (September 2009) p. 2</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Weber, Bruce (6 December 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2014/12/07/arts/design/wynn-chamberlain-an-artist-in-paint-on-screen-and-in-novels-dies-at-87.html?ref=obituaries&_r=0">"Wynn Chamberlain, an Artist in Paint, on Screen and in Novels, Dies at 87"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Retrieved 7 December 2014.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wynn_Chamberlain&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>ANP QUARTERLY, Volume 2, Number 4 '222 Bowery: The Bunker' by Ethan Swan, 2010</li> <li>American Federation of Arts, <i>Who's Who in American Art</i>, R. R. Bowker, 1959, p. 98.</li> <li>Banes, Sally, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JXpYpaYdsF8C&pg=PA55&dq=%22Wynn+Chamberlain%22"><i>Greenwich Village 1963: Avant-garde Performance and the Effervescent Body</i></a>, Duke University Press, 1993, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8223-1391-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-8223-1391-X">0-8223-1391-X</a></li> <li>Chamberlain, Elwyn, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/read/1G1-63255214">"Boom Bangalore"</a>, <i>Geographical</i>, July 2000. Accessed via subscription 19 June 2009.</li> <li>Chamberlain, Sally, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fivedials.com/files/fivedials_no7.pdf">"From Woodstock to Altamont: Sally Chamberlain says goodbye to 60s New York"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Five_Dials" title="Five Dials">Five Dials</a></i>, No. 7, September 2009.</li> <li>Chamberlain, Sally <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fivedials.com/files/fivedials_no13.pdf">"Make Little Mistakes"</a>. <i>Five Dials</i> No. 13 July 2010</li> <li>Cozzolino, Robert, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://artinwisconsin.com/public/article_full.php?user_id=162">In Memoriam: John Wilde (1919-2006)</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070609222609/http://www.artinwisconsin.com/public/article_full.php?user_id=162">Archived</a> 9 June 2007 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>Wisconsin Visual Artists</i>, 2006. Accessed 20 June 2009.</li> <li>Cummings, Paul, <i>A Dictionary of Contemporary American Artists</i>, St. Martin's Press, 1971, p. 94.</li> <li>Greenspun, Roger, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9E0CE0DA1439E63BBC4152DFB366838B669EDE">Review: <i>Brand X</i></a>, <i>New York Times, 19 May 1970. Accessed 19 June 2009.</i></li> <li>Kadmos Publishing, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kadmospublishing.com/about.html">Biography of Wynn Chamberlain</a>. Accessed 19 June 2009.</li> <li>McCarthy, David, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/pss/1557770">"Social Nudism, Masculinity, and the Male Nude in the Work of William Theo Brown and Wynn Chamberlain in the 1960s"</a>, Archives of <i>American Art Journal</i>, Vol. 38, No. 1/2 (1998), pp. 28–38. Accessed via subscription 19 June 2009.</li> <li>Renfrue, Neff and Giorno, John, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yrstruly.org/valentine/wordpress/?page_id=24">Love & Sleeze: Renfrue Neff Interviews John Giorno & Vice Versa</a>, <i>Smoke Signals</i>, January–February 2009. Accessed 23 June 2009.</li> <li>Smithsonian American Art Museum, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nmaa-ryder.si.edu/search/artist_bio.cfm?ID=817">Wynn Chamberlain</a> (excerpt from Virginia M. Mecklenburg, <i>Modern American Realism: The Sara Roby Foundation Collection</i>, Smithsonian Institution Press for the National Museum of American Art, 1987). Accessed 19 June 2009.</li> <li><i>Spokane Daily Chronicle</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=54wSAAAAIBAJ&sjid=xfUDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4716,3505383&dq=elwyn-chamberlain">"Minnesota Artist Shows Work at UI"</a>, 24 February 1949. Accessed 19 June 2009.</li> <li>Smith, Michael, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=WhAQAAAAIBAJ&sjid=KYwDAAAAIBAJ&pg=4933,6107904&dq=ludlum+conquest+universe+vaccaro">"Theatre Journal: Conquest of the Universe </a>, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Village_Voice" title="The Village Voice">The Village Voice</a></i>, 30 November 1967, p. 33</li> <li>Stix, Harriet, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121021040642/http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/latimes/access/651450192.html?dids=651450192:651450192&FMT=ABS&FMTS=CITE:AI&type=historic&date=Sep+22,+1978&author=&pub=Los+Angeles+Times&desc=$330,000+ADVANCE+FOR+A+NOVEL">"From Artist's Life to Austerity"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Los_Angeles_Times" title="Los Angeles Times">Los Angeles Times</a></i>, 22 September 1978, Orange County Edition, p. C1. Accessed via subscription 19 June 2009.</li> <li>Thorton, Gene, "Male Nudes: Photographs, Paintings and Statues", <i>The New York Times</i>, 11 November 1973, Section: AL, p. 179.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wynn_Chamberlain&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.factorymade.org/sociogram/chamberlain.html">Video interview with Wynn Chamberlain</a> by Steven Watson, September 2001, on the official web site for Watson's book, <i>Factory Made: Warhol and the Sixties</i>.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kadmospublishing.com/contents.html">Elwyn Chamberlain, <i>Paradise</i> (2006)</a>, complete novel in electronic form with permission granted by the author for free download, on the official web site of Kadmos Publishing.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.surrealfilms.co.uk/site/?content%2F01%2F02%2F04%2F">Background information on Chamberlain's 1970 film, <i>Brand X</i></a>, including a lengthy video interview with Chamberlain, on the web site of the UK film company, Surreal Films.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output 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.navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8040171#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8040171#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8040171#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000000973794">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/44335813">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1436959/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJg8Hg9RbbVp6H7GjgFHYP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/122845706">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n78007606">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121491884">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb121491884">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810565968605606">Poland</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500074535">ULAN</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rkd.nl/en/explore/artists/103917">RKD Artists</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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