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Cubero - Academia.edu</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/117954842/Genetic_Relationship_among_Worldwide_Strains_of_Xanthomonas_Causing_Canker_in_Citrus_Species_and_Design_of_New_Primers_for_Their_Identification_by_PCR" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '49879c2402910372f4abc62630a427bbe033d190'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1732399374000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1732399374000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"Partial sequence analysis of the ribosomal operon in Xanthomonas axonopodis allowed discrimination among strains causing the A, B, and C types of citrus bacterial canker (CBC) and quantification of the relationship of these organisms with other species and pathovars in the same genus. Sets of primers based on sequence differences in the internally transcribed spacer and on a sequence from the plasmid gene pthA involved in virulence were designed for specific identification of xanthomonads causing CBC diseases. The two sets were validated with a collection of Xanthomonas strains associated with citrus species. The primer set based on ribosomal sequences had a high level of specificity for X. axonopodis pv. citri, whereas the set based on the pthA gene was universal for all types of CBC organisms. Moreover, the relationships among worldwide Xanthomonas strains causing CBC were analyzed by amplification of repetitive sequences (enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus and BOX el...","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"J. Cubero"}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2024-04-23","dateModified":null,"datePublished":"2002-01-01","headline":"Genetic Relationship among Worldwide Strains of Xanthomonas Causing Canker in Citrus Species and Design of New Primers for Their Identification by PCR","inLanguage":"en","keywords":["Genetics","Biology","Medicine","Multidisciplinary","Sequence Analysis","Plant diseases","Applied Environmental Microbiology","Polymerase Chain Reaction","Citrus","Citrus Canker","Xanthomonas","Ribosomal DNA","Molecular Sequence Data","intergenic region","Internal transcribed spacer","Xanthomonas citri"],"locationCreated":null,"publication":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology","publisher":{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Organization","name":"American Society for Microbiology"},"image":null,"thumbnailUrl":null,"url":"https://www.academia.edu/117954842/Genetic_Relationship_among_Worldwide_Strains_of_Xanthomonas_Causing_Canker_in_Citrus_Species_and_Design_of_New_Primers_for_Their_Identification_by_PCR","sourceOrganization":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"EducationalOrganization","name":null}]}</script><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_page/loswp-352e32ba4e89304dc0b4fa5b3952eef2198174c54cdb79066bc62e91c68a1a91.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/body-8d679e925718b5e8e4b18e9a4fab37f7eaa99e43386459376559080ac8f2856a.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/design_system/button-3cea6e0ad4715ed965c49bfb15dedfc632787b32ff6d8c3a474182b231146ab7.css" /><link rel="stylesheet" media="all" 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"https://www.academia.edu/login?post_login_redirect_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academia.edu%2F117954842%2FGenetic_Relationship_among_Worldwide_Strains_of_Xanthomonas_Causing_Canker_in_Citrus_Species_and_Design_of_New_Primers_for_Their_Identification_by_PCR%3Fshow_translation%3Dtrue"; window.loswp.previewableAttachments = [{"id":113691574,"identifier":"Attachment_113691574","shouldShowBulkDownload":false}]; window.loswp.shouldDetectTimezone = true; window.loswp.shouldShowBulkDownload = true; window.loswp.showSignupCaptcha = false window.loswp.willEdgeCache = false; window.loswp.work = {"work":{"id":117954842,"created_at":"2024-04-23T13:16:56.370-07:00","from_world_paper_id":253346416,"updated_at":"2024-04-23T13:41:04.028-07:00","_data":{"abstract":"Partial sequence analysis of the ribosomal operon in Xanthomonas axonopodis allowed discrimination among strains causing the A, B, and C types of citrus bacterial canker (CBC) and quantification of the relationship of these organisms with other species and pathovars in the same genus. Sets of primers based on sequence differences in the internally transcribed spacer and on a sequence from the plasmid gene pthA involved in virulence were designed for specific identification of xanthomonads causing CBC diseases. The two sets were validated with a collection of Xanthomonas strains associated with citrus species. The primer set based on ribosomal sequences had a high level of specificity for X. axonopodis pv. citri, whereas the set based on the pthA gene was universal for all types of CBC organisms. Moreover, the relationships among worldwide Xanthomonas strains causing CBC were analyzed by amplification of repetitive sequences (enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus and BOX el...","publisher":"American Society for Microbiology","publication_date":"2002,,","publication_name":"Applied and Environmental Microbiology"},"document_type":"paper","pre_hit_view_count_baseline":null,"quality":"high","language":"en","title":"Genetic Relationship among Worldwide Strains of Xanthomonas Causing Canker in Citrus Species and Design of New Primers for Their Identification by PCR","broadcastable":false,"draft":null,"has_indexable_attachment":true,"indexable":true}}["work"]; window.loswp.workCoauthors = [33304568]; window.loswp.locale = "en"; window.loswp.countryCode = "SG"; window.loswp.cwvAbTestBucket = ""; window.loswp.designVariant = "ds_vanilla"; window.loswp.fullPageMobileSutdModalVariant = "full_page_mobile_sutd_modal"; window.loswp.useOptimizedScribd4genScript = false; window.loswp.appleClientId = 'edu.academia.applesignon';</script><script defer="" src="https://accounts.google.com/gsi/client"></script><div class="ds-loswp-container"><div class="ds-work-card--grid-container"><div class="ds-work-card--container js-loswp-work-card"><div class="ds-work-card--cover"><div class="ds-work-cover--wrapper"><div class="ds-work-cover--container"><button class="ds-work-cover--clickable js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"swp-splash-paper-cover","attachmentId":113691574,"attachmentType":"pdf"}"><img alt="First page of “Genetic Relationship among Worldwide Strains of Xanthomonas Causing Canker in Citrus Species and Design of New Primers for Their Identification by PCR”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/113691574/mini_magick20240802-1-c5a0bn.png?1722616425" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/assets/single_work_splash/adobe.icon-574afd46eb6b03a77a153a647fb47e30546f9215c0ee6a25df597a779717f9ef.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">Genetic Relationship among Worldwide Strains of Xanthomonas Causing Canker in Citrus Species and Design of New Primers for Their Identification by PCR</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="33304568" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CuberoJ"><img alt="Profile image of J. Cubero" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/s65_no_pic.png" />J. Cubero</a></div><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2002, Applied and Environmental Microbiology</p><p class="ds-work-card--work-abstract ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-md">Partial sequence analysis of the ribosomal operon in Xanthomonas axonopodis allowed discrimination among strains causing the A, B, and C types of citrus bacterial canker (CBC) and quantification of the relationship of these organisms with other species and pathovars in the same genus. Sets of primers based on sequence differences in the internally transcribed spacer and on a sequence from the plasmid gene pthA involved in virulence were designed for specific identification of xanthomonads causing CBC diseases. The two sets were validated with a collection of Xanthomonas strains associated with citrus species. The primer set based on ribosomal sequences had a high level of specificity for X. axonopodis pv. citri, whereas the set based on the pthA gene was universal for all types of CBC organisms. Moreover, the relationships among worldwide Xanthomonas strains causing CBC were analyzed by amplification of repetitive sequences (enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus and BOX el...</p><div class="ds-work-card--button-container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--work-card","attachmentId":113691574,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/117954842/Genetic_Relationship_among_Worldwide_Strains_of_Xanthomonas_Causing_Canker_in_Citrus_Species_and_Design_of_New_Primers_for_Their_Identification_by_PCR"}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--work-card","attachmentId":113691574,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":"https://www.academia.edu/117954842/Genetic_Relationship_among_Worldwide_Strains_of_Xanthomonas_Causing_Canker_in_Citrus_Species_and_Design_of_New_Primers_for_Their_Identification_by_PCR"}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div></div><div data-auto_select="false" data-client_id="331998490334-rsn3chp12mbkiqhl6e7lu2q0mlbu0f1b" data-doc_id="113691574" data-landing_url="https://www.academia.edu/117954842/Genetic_Relationship_among_Worldwide_Strains_of_Xanthomonas_Causing_Canker_in_Citrus_Species_and_Design_of_New_Primers_for_Their_Identification_by_PCR" data-login_uri="https://www.academia.edu/registrations/google_one_tap" data-moment_callback="onGoogleOneTapEvent" id="g_id_onload"></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="43911761" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/43911761/Diagnosis_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_pv_citri_isolates_the_causal_agent_of_citrus_canker_by_pathogenicity_and_PCR_based_methods">Diagnosis of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv citri isolates, the causal agent of citrus canker by pathogenicity and PCR based methods</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="3564045" href="https://independent.academia.edu/PradeepManyam">Pradeep Manyam</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Diagnosis of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv citri isolates, the causal agent of citrus canker by pathogenicity and PCR based methods","attachmentId":64236242,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/43911761/Diagnosis_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_pv_citri_isolates_the_causal_agent_of_citrus_canker_by_pathogenicity_and_PCR_based_methods","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/43911761/Diagnosis_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_pv_citri_isolates_the_causal_agent_of_citrus_canker_by_pathogenicity_and_PCR_based_methods"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="1" data-entity-id="33880483" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880483/Genetic_Diversity_of_Xanthomonas_Citri_Subsp_Citri_Causal_Agent_of_Citrus_Canker">Genetic Diversity of Xanthomonas Citri Subsp. Citri, Causal Agent of Citrus Canker</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="66430774" href="https://upm.academia.edu/YAHYABINAWANGAGRI">YAHYA BIN AWANG / AGRI</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Genetic Diversity of Xanthomonas Citri Subsp. Citri, Causal Agent of Citrus Canker","attachmentId":53856243,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/33880483/Genetic_Diversity_of_Xanthomonas_Citri_Subsp_Citri_Causal_Agent_of_Citrus_Canker","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/33880483/Genetic_Diversity_of_Xanthomonas_Citri_Subsp_Citri_Causal_Agent_of_Citrus_Canker"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="2" data-entity-id="7556382" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/7556382/Novel_insights_into_the_genomic_basis_of_citrus_canker_based_on_the_genome_sequences_of_two_strains_of_Xanthomonas_fuscans_subsp_aurantifolii">Novel insights into the genomic basis of citrus canker based on the genome sequences of two strains of Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantifolii</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="13574656" href="https://usp-br.academia.edu/AlinedaSilva">Aline da Silva</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">BMC Genomics, 2010</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Novel insights into the genomic basis of citrus canker based on the genome sequences of two strains of Xanthomonas fuscans subsp. aurantifolii","attachmentId":34117310,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/7556382/Novel_insights_into_the_genomic_basis_of_citrus_canker_based_on_the_genome_sequences_of_two_strains_of_Xanthomonas_fuscans_subsp_aurantifolii","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/7556382/Novel_insights_into_the_genomic_basis_of_citrus_canker_based_on_the_genome_sequences_of_two_strains_of_Xanthomonas_fuscans_subsp_aurantifolii"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="77722499" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/77722499/Primers_based_on_the_rpf_gene_region_provide_improved_detection_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_pv_citri_in_naturally_and_artificially_infected_citrus_plants">Primers based on the rpf gene region provide improved detection of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri in naturally and artificially infected citrus plants</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="198777331" href="https://independent.academia.edu/SuzeteDestefano">Suzete Destefano</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2006</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Primers based on the rpf gene region provide improved detection of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri in naturally and artificially infected citrus plants","attachmentId":85014646,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/77722499/Primers_based_on_the_rpf_gene_region_provide_improved_detection_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_pv_citri_in_naturally_and_artificially_infected_citrus_plants","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/77722499/Primers_based_on_the_rpf_gene_region_provide_improved_detection_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_pv_citri_in_naturally_and_artificially_infected_citrus_plants"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="5882597" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/5882597/Diagnosis_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_pv_citri_causal_agent_of_citrus_canker_in_commercial_fruits_by_isolation_and_PCR_based_methods">Diagnosis of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, causal agent of citrus canker, in commercial fruits by isolation and PCR-based methods</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="8694517" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JaimeQuesada">Jaime Quesada</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Journal of Applied Microbiology, 2007</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Aims: To show the results of the detection of an EU quarantine organism, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri (Xac), in citrus fruits imported from countries where this bacterium is present, using an integrated approach that includes isolation, pathogenicity assays and molecular techniques.Methods and Results: Citrus fruits with canker-like symptoms, exported to Spain from South American countries were analysed by several methods. Bacterial isolation, three conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocols, and real-time PCR with SYBR Green or a TaqMan probe, were compared. Canker-like lesions were disrupted in PBS buffer, and the extract used for bacterial isolation and DNA extraction followed by PCR amplification. Canker lesions, identified by PCR, showed viable bacteria in eleven of fifteen fruit samples. In 16 out of 130 lesions analysed from these samples, Xac was isolated, and pathogenicity on grapefruit leaves confirmed. By real-time PCR, using SYBR green or a Taqman probe, Xac was detected in 58 and 80 lesions respectively. By conventional PCR the bacterium was detected in 39–52 lesions depending on the protocol employed.Conclusions: An integrated approach for reliable detection of Xac in lesions of fruit samples, employing several techniques and with real-time PCR using a TaqMan probe as the fastest and most sensitive screening method, has been established and validated and is proposed as a useful tool for the analysis of Xac on fresh fruits.Significance and Impact of the Study: This work faces up to the real threat of the importation of citrus fruits that can harbour quarantine bacteria and will be useful in diagnostic laboratories for the analysis of commercial fresh fruits from countries where citrus canker is present.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Diagnosis of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, causal agent of citrus canker, in commercial fruits by isolation and PCR-based methods","attachmentId":49099606,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/5882597/Diagnosis_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_pv_citri_causal_agent_of_citrus_canker_in_commercial_fruits_by_isolation_and_PCR_based_methods","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/5882597/Diagnosis_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_pv_citri_causal_agent_of_citrus_canker_in_commercial_fruits_by_isolation_and_PCR_based_methods"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="111790725" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/111790725/Detection_of_viable_Xanthomonas_citri_pv_citri_the_causal_agent_of_citrus_canker_in_commercial_fruits_by_isolation_and_PCR_based_methods">Detection of viable Xanthomonas citri pv. citri, the causal agent of citrus canker in commercial fruits by isolation and PCR-based methods</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="7940163" href="https://king-saud.academia.edu/AmgadSaleh">Amgad Saleh</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">2015</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Xanthomonas citri pv. citri ( Xcc ), the causal agent of citrus canker, is a quarantine pest in many citrus-growing countries and is strictly regulated by the international phytosanitary programs. Citrus fruits with canker-like symptoms imported from India and Pakistan were collected from Riyadh supermarkets, Saudi Arabia. Different diagnostic detection methods, including culturing, direct PCR, BIO-PCR and bioassays were applied on the sampled citrus fruits. The direct culturing on KCB medium succeeded in detecting living cells of Xcc in 49 out of the 217 lesions observed on the sampled citrus fruits. However, only 5.55 and 24.77% from lesion washates of Pakistani and Indian fruits, respectively, caused citrus canker lesions on the inoculated grapefruit and/or Mexican lime leaves compared with 100% from pure cultures. The application of 3 diagnostic primer sets (2/3, J-pth1/2 and Xac01/Xac02) confirmed the bacterial etiology of 83 out of the 217 lesions. Based on BIO-PCR assay, ...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Detection of viable Xanthomonas citri pv. citri, the causal agent of citrus canker in commercial fruits by isolation and PCR-based methods","attachmentId":109222090,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/111790725/Detection_of_viable_Xanthomonas_citri_pv_citri_the_causal_agent_of_citrus_canker_in_commercial_fruits_by_isolation_and_PCR_based_methods","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/111790725/Detection_of_viable_Xanthomonas_citri_pv_citri_the_causal_agent_of_citrus_canker_in_commercial_fruits_by_isolation_and_PCR_based_methods"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="26174944" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/26174944/Genetic_Diversity_and_Pathogenicity_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_Strains_Inducing_Citrus_Canker_Disease_in_Iran_and_South_Korea">Genetic Diversity and Pathogenicity of Xanthomonas axonopodis Strains Inducing Citrus Canker Disease in Iran and South Korea</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="32740961" href="https://ugent.academia.edu/JSwings">J. Swings</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Indian Journal of Microbiology, 2011</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Genetic Diversity and Pathogenicity of Xanthomonas axonopodis Strains Inducing Citrus Canker Disease in Iran and South Korea","attachmentId":46501131,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/26174944/Genetic_Diversity_and_Pathogenicity_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_Strains_Inducing_Citrus_Canker_Disease_in_Iran_and_South_Korea","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/26174944/Genetic_Diversity_and_Pathogenicity_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_Strains_Inducing_Citrus_Canker_Disease_in_Iran_and_South_Korea"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="35359160" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/35359160/Genetic_and_Pathological_Diversity_Among_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_citri_Strains_Causing_Citrus_Canker_in_Maharashtra_India">Genetic and Pathological Diversity Among Xanthomonas axonopodis citri Strains Causing Citrus Canker in Maharashtra, India</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="17497850" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MArshiya">Minhaj Arshiya</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The present study is based on biochemical characterization, pathogenicity test and DNA based technique. Here apart from biochemical test, RAPD analysis was used to distinguish and differentiate among 24 strains of Xac isolated from Marathwada region in Maharashtra. 200 strains of Xac isolated from Citrus lemona from different location within Marathwada region of Maharashtra and 24 strains representing all the 8 districts were used in this study. All these strains were purified and maintained on YDC (Yeast extract-1gm, D-glucose-2gm, Calcium carbonate-2gm) slants. The presently used primer could resolve genetic diversity and geographical distribution in the study of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv citri and RAPD marker gave reproducible and reliable results.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Genetic and Pathological Diversity Among Xanthomonas axonopodis citri Strains Causing Citrus Canker in Maharashtra, India","attachmentId":55219432,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35359160/Genetic_and_Pathological_Diversity_Among_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_citri_Strains_Causing_Citrus_Canker_in_Maharashtra_India","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/35359160/Genetic_and_Pathological_Diversity_Among_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_citri_Strains_Causing_Citrus_Canker_in_Maharashtra_India"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="73857536" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/73857536/tale_Based_Genetic_Diversity_of_Chinese_Isolates_of_the_Citrus_Canker_Pathogen_Xanthomonas_citri_subsp_citri">tale -Based Genetic Diversity of Chinese Isolates of the Citrus Canker Pathogen Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="26180" href="https://sjtu.academia.edu/MuhammadZakria">Muhammad Zakria</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Plant Disease, 2013</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Pathotype A of Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri, the cause of citrus bacterial canker (CBC), is assumed to have originated in southern China. PthA, a type III secreted transcriptional activator-like effector (TALE), is a major pathogenicity determinant in X. citri subsp. citri. To investigate the diversity of X. citri subsp. citri in China, genomic and plasmid DNA of 105 X. citri subsp. citri isolates, collected from nine citrus-growing provinces of China, were digested by BamHI and hybridized with an internal repeat region of pthA. Strains were classified into 14 different genotypes (designated A to N) based on the number and size of pthA homologues. Genotypes B and G represented 19 and 62% of the isolate collection, respectively. Genotypes J and L lacked pthA or a pthA-hybridizing fragment and were less virulent on grapefruit (C. paradisi) and sweet orange (C. sinensis) compared with strains containing pthA or a pthA homologue. The virulence of genotypes J and L was increased when t...</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"tale -Based Genetic Diversity of Chinese Isolates of the Citrus Canker Pathogen Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri","attachmentId":83828251,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/73857536/tale_Based_Genetic_Diversity_of_Chinese_Isolates_of_the_Citrus_Canker_Pathogen_Xanthomonas_citri_subsp_citri","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/73857536/tale_Based_Genetic_Diversity_of_Chinese_Isolates_of_the_Citrus_Canker_Pathogen_Xanthomonas_citri_subsp_citri"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="91992179" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/91992179/Pathological_Bio_chemical_and_Molecular_diversity_amongst_the_isolates_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_pv_citri_causing_Citrus_canker_in_acid_lime_from_different_agro_climatic_region_of_India">Pathological, Bio-chemical and Molecular diversity amongst the isolates of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri causing Citrus canker in acid lime from different agro-climatic region of India</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="2863370" href="https://mpkv.academia.edu/VivekChimote">Vivek Chimote</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">International Journal of Environment, Agriculture and Biotechnology, 2016</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Pathological, Bio-chemical and Molecular diversity amongst the isolates of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri causing Citrus canker in acid lime from different agro-climatic region of India","attachmentId":95122518,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/91992179/Pathological_Bio_chemical_and_Molecular_diversity_amongst_the_isolates_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_pv_citri_causing_Citrus_canker_in_acid_lime_from_different_agro_climatic_region_of_India","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/91992179/Pathological_Bio_chemical_and_Molecular_diversity_amongst_the_isolates_of_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_pv_citri_causing_Citrus_canker_in_acid_lime_from_different_agro_climatic_region_of_India"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":113691574,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":113691574,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_113691574" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. You can download the paper by clicking the button above.</p></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sidebar--container js-work-sidebar"><div class="ds-related-content--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="8525710" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-related-work-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/8525710/Repetitive_PCR_based_detection_of_Genetic_Diversity_in_Xanthomonas_axonopodis_pv_citri_Strains">Repetitive PCR based detection of Genetic Diversity in Xanthomonas axonopodis pv citri Strains</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-related-work-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="17497850" href="https://independent.academia.edu/MArshiya">Minhaj Arshiya</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link 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data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"Genomics of Xanthomonas citri and Related Species","attachmentId":74098478,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/60825231/Genomics_of_Xanthomonas_citri_and_Related_Species","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-related-work-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/60825231/Genomics_of_Xanthomonas_citri_and_Related_Species"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-related-work-sidebar-card" data-collection-position="3" data-entity-id="53770207" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title 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