Building alternative payment models in health care

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'Favorites' : 'non_favorites_collection'"> </select> <div class="collections-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your collection due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="add"> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to Collections' panel" ref="linksrc=close_collections_panel" aria-controls="collections-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="collections" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="bibliography-action-panel" class="bibliography-action-panel action-panel in-progress-dots-panel" aria-hidden="true" data-bibliography-open-panel-enabled="false" data-bibliography-open-panel-url-hash="#open-bibliography-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h3 class="action-panel-heading"> Add to My Bibliography </h3> <form id="bibliography-action-panel-form" class="bibliography-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form action-panel-smaller-selectors" data-add-to-bibliography-max-amount="100" data-add-to-bibliography-batch-size="10" data-bibliography-delegates-url="/list-bibliography-delegates/" data-add-to-bibliography-url="/add-to-bibliography/" data-get-article-ids-by-search-url="/get-article-ids-by-search/" data-mybib-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/collections/mybibliography/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="XnhQ2BW8otU5RzCLpsjO1Iq3oFVU54QHME3NPS1UEiLJsalVSJMB2wWEOyENKDmP"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap bibliographies-controls"> <div class="choice-group"> <ul class="bibliographies-action-add radio-group-items"> <li> <input name="bibliography" id="my-bibliography" class="my-bibliography" type="radio" checked/> <label for="my-bibliography">My Bibliography</label> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="bibliographies-retry-load-on-error usa-input-error-message selection-validation-message"> Unable to load your delegates due to an error<br> <a href="#">Please try again</a> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Adding..." data-pinger-ignore> Add </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Add to bibliography' panel" ref="linksrc=close_bibliography_panel" aria-controls="bibliography-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="mybib" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="saved-search-action-panel" class="saved-search-action-panel action-panel " aria-hidden="true" data-saved-search-open-panel-enabled="false" data-saved-search-open-panel-url-hash="#open-saved-search-panel"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Your saved search </h2> <form id="saved-search-action-panel-form" class="saved-search-action-panel-form action-panel-content action-form" data-create-saved-search-url="/create-saved-search/" data-try-search-terms-url="/try-search-term/" data-saved-search-root-url="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/myncbi/searches/"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="XnhQ2BW8otU5RzCLpsjO1Iq3oFVU54QHME3NPS1UEiLJsalVSJMB2wWEOyENKDmP"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-name" class="action-panel-label saved-search-name-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of saved search: </label> <input maxlength="200" type="text" name="saved-search-name" id="saved-search-name" class="saved-search-name" value="" required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-term" class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Search terms: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-term" id="saved-search-term" class="saved-search-term" required></textarea> </div> <div class="test-search-term-wrap"> <a href="#" class="try-search-term">Test search terms</a> </div> <div class="choice-group action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <span class="action-panel-label" id="fieldset-label"> Would you like email updates of new search results? </span> <fieldset id="saved-search-alert" aria-describedby="fieldset-label"> <legend class="usa-sr-only">Saved Search Alert Radio Buttons</legend> <ul class="radio-group-items"> <li> <input type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-yes" class="saved-search-alert-yes" name="saved-search-alert" value="yes" checked> <label for="saved-search-alert-yes" class="action-panel-label">Yes</label> </li> <li> <input aria-label="No radio input" type="radio" id="saved-search-alert-no" class="saved-search-alert-no" name="saved-search-alert" value="no"> <label for="saved-search-alert-no" class="action-panel-label">No</label> </li> </ul> </fieldset> </div> <div class="alert-schedule-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label class="action-panel-label"> Email: </label> <span aria-label="Email address" id="saved-search-email" class="action-panel-label"><span class="action-panel-label-bold"></span> (<a class="myncbi-account-settings" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/account/settings/">change</a>)</span> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="saved-search-frequency" class="action-panel-label"> Frequency: </label> <select id="saved-search-frequency" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-frequency"> <option value="monthly">Monthly</option> <option value="weekly">Weekly</option> <option value="daily">Daily</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-monthly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-monthly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector"> <option value="Sunday">The first Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">The first Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">The first Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">The first Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">The first Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">The first Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">The first Saturday</option> <option value="day">The first day</option> <option value="weekday">The first weekday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap saved-search-weekly-additional"> <label for="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="action-panel-label"> Which day? </label> <select id="saved-search-weekly-on-day" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-weekly-on-day"> <option value="Sunday">Sunday</option> <option value="Monday">Monday</option> <option value="Tuesday">Tuesday</option> <option value="Wednesday">Wednesday</option> <option value="Thursday">Thursday</option> <option value="Friday">Friday</option> <option value="Saturday">Saturday</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-report" class="action-panel-label"> Report format: </label> <select id="saved-search-report" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-report"> <option value="DocSum">Summary</option> <option value="DocSumText">Summary (text)</option> <option value="Abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="AbstractText">Abstract (text)</option> <option value="MEDLINE">PubMed</option> </select> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-amount" class="action-panel-label"> Send at most: </label> <select id="saved-search-amount" class="no-border-panel-selector saved-search-amount"> <option value="1">1 item</option> <option value="5" selected>5 items</option> <option value="10">10 items</option> <option value="20">20 items</option> <option value="50">50 items</option> <option value="100">100 items</option> <option value="200">200 items</option> </select> </div> <div> <input type="checkbox" id="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="saved-search-send-if-no-result" name="saved-search-send-if-no-result"> <label for="saved-search-send-if-no-result" class="action-panel-label smaller-checkbox"> Send even when there aren't any new results </label> </div> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap option-text-in-email-wrap"> <label for="saved-search-email-text" class="action-panel-label"> Optional text in email: </label> <textarea name="saved-search-email-text" id="saved-search-email-text" class="saved-search-email-text"></textarea> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Saving..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Save </button> <button class="action-panel-cancel" aria-label="Close 'Your saved search' panel" ref="linksrc=close_saved_search_panel" aria-controls="saved-search-action-panel" aria-expanded="false" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="cancel"> Cancel </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="citation-manager-action-panel" class="citation-manager-action-panel action-panel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="inner-wrap"> <h2 class="action-panel-heading"> Create a file for external citation management software </h2> <form id="citation-manager-action-panel-form" class="action-panel-content action-form" action="/results-export-ids/" data-by-search-action="/results-export-search-data/" data-by-ids-action="/results-export-ids/" method="post" data-by-search-method="post" data-by-ids-method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="csrfmiddlewaretoken" value="XnhQ2BW8otU5RzCLpsjO1Iq3oFVU54QHME3NPS1UEiLJsalVSJMB2wWEOyENKDmP"> <input name="results-format" type="hidden" value="pubmed"/> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Sending..." 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class="action-panel-label required-field-asterisk"> Name of RSS Feed: </label> <input maxlength="200" placeholder="Name" type="text" name="rss-name" id="rss-name" class="rss-name" value='' required pattern="[^"&=<>\/]*" title="The following characters are not allowed in the Name field: "&=<>/"> </div> <div class="rss-limit-wrap"> <div class="action-panel-control-wrap action-panel-extra-margin-top"> <label for="rss-limit" class="action-panel-label"> Number of items displayed: </label> <select id="rss-limit" class="no-border-panel-selector rss-limit"> <option value="5">5</option> <option value="10">10</option> <option value="15" selected="selected">15</option> <option value="20">20</option> <option value="50">50</option> <option value="100">100</option> </select> </div> </div> <div class="action-panel-actions"> <button class="action-panel-submit" type="submit" data-loading-label="Creating..." data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="alert" data-ga-label="save"> Create RSS </button> 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href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Front+Health+Serv%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D" data-ga-category="search_catalog" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="Front Health Serv"> Search in NLM Catalog </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term='"Front Health Serv"[jour]' data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label='"Front Health Serv"[jour]' href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2024 Jun 14:4:1235913.</span> </div> <span class="citation-doi"> doi: 10.3389/frhs.2024.1235913. </span> <span class="secondary-date"> eCollection 2024. </span> </div> <h1 class="heading-title"> Building alternative payment models in health care </h1> <div class="inline-authors"> <div class="authors"> <div class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Howard+SW&cauthor_id=38948085" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Steven W Howard">Steven W Howard</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Health Services Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States." href="#full-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Bradford+N&cauthor_id=38948085" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Natalie Bradford">Natalie Bradford</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Belue+R&cauthor_id=38948085" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Rhonda Belue">Rhonda Belue</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States." href="#full-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Henning+M&cauthor_id=38948085" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Margaret Henning">Margaret Henning</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Health Sciences, Keene State College, Keene, NH, United States." href="#full-view-affiliation-3" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 3 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Qian+Z&cauthor_id=38948085" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Zhengmin Qian">Zhengmin Qian</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States." href="#full-view-affiliation-4" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 4 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Ahaus+K&cauthor_id=38948085" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Kees Ahaus">Kees Ahaus</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Health Services Management & Organization, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands." href="#full-view-affiliation-5" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 5 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Reindersma+T&cauthor_id=38948085" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Thomas Reindersma">Thomas Reindersma</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Health Services Management & Organization, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands." href="#full-view-affiliation-5" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 5 </a></sup></span> </div> </div> </div> <div class="short-article-details"> Affiliations <button class="more-details" id="toggle-authors" data-alt-text="Collapse" aria-controls="expanded-authors" aria-expanded="false" data-pinger-ignore data-fetch-url="/38948085/long-authors/" data-id-prefix=""> <span class="title"> Expand </span> </button> </div> <div class="extended-article-details" id="expanded-authors" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="expanded-authors" id="full-view-expanded-authors"> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliations </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-1" id="full-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Health Services Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-2" id="full-view-affiliation-2" ><sup class="key">2</sup> Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-3" id="full-view-affiliation-3" ><sup class="key">3</sup> Health Sciences, Keene State College, Keene, NH, United States.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-4" id="full-view-affiliation-4" ><sup class="key">4</sup> Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="full-view-affiliation-5" id="full-view-affiliation-5" ><sup class="key">5</sup> Health Services Management & Organization, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="full-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">38948085</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier pmc"> <span class="id-label"> PMCID: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=PMC11211624&id_type=PMC" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11211624/" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMCID" > PMC11211624 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.3389/frhs.2024.1235913&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frhs.2024.1235913" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.3389/frhs.2024.1235913 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> <div class="short-view" id="short-view-heading"> <h1 class="heading-title"> Building alternative payment models in health care </h1> <div class="short-citation"> <span class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><span class="full-name">Steven W Howard</span><span class="citation-separator"> et al.</span></span> </span> <span class="citation-journal"> Front Health Serv<span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> <span class="date"> <time class="citation-year" datetime="2024">2024</time><span class="citation-separator">.</span> </span> </div> <div class="more-article-details-section with-display-settings"> <button class="more-article-details" id="toggle-article-details" 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</div> </div> <div class="extended-article-details" id="full-article-details" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="article-citation"> <div class="article-source"> <div class="journal-actions dropdown-block"><button id="short-view-journal-trigger" class="journal-actions-trigger trigger" ref="linksrc=journal_actions_btn" title="Frontiers in health services" tabindex="0" aria-controls="short-view-journal" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle dropdown menu for journal Frontiers in health services" data-pinger-ignore> Front Health Serv </button><div id="short-view-journal" class="journal-actions-dropdown dropdown dropdown-container" hidden aria-label="Dropdown menu for journal Frontiers in health services"><div class="title">Actions</div><div class="content"><ul class="journal-actions-links"><li><a class="search-in-pubmed-link dropdown-block-link" href="/?term=%22Front+Health+Serv%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" data-href="/?term=%22Front+Health+Serv%22%5Bjour%5D&sort=date&sort_order=desc" ref="linksrc=search_in_pubmed_journal_name_link&journal_abbrev=Front Health Serv" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="Front Health Serv"> Search in PubMed </a></li><li><a class="search-in-nlm-catalog-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=search_in_nlm_catalog_link" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nlmcatalog?term=%22Front+Health+Serv%22%5BTitle+Abbreviation%5D" data-ga-category="search_catalog" data-ga-action="journal_link" data-ga-label="Front Health Serv"> Search in NLM Catalog </a></li><li><a class="add-to-search-link dropdown-block-link" ref ="linksrc=add_to_search_link" role="button" data-search-term='"Front Health Serv"[jour]' data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="add_to_search" data-ga-label='"Front Health Serv"[jour]' href="#"> Add to Search </a></li></ul></div></div></div><span class="period">. </span><span class="cit">2024 Jun 14:4:1235913.</span> </div> <span class="citation-doi"> doi: 10.3389/frhs.2024.1235913. </span> <span class="secondary-date"> eCollection 2024. </span> </div> <div class="expanded-authors" id="short-view-expanded-authors"> <div class="authors"> <h3 class="title"> Authors </h3> <div class="authors-list"> <span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Howard+SW&cauthor_id=38948085" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Steven W Howard">Steven W Howard</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Health Services Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States." href="#short-view-affiliation-1" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 1 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Bradford+N&cauthor_id=38948085" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Natalie Bradford">Natalie Bradford</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Belue+R&cauthor_id=38948085" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Rhonda Belue">Rhonda Belue</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States." href="#short-view-affiliation-2" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 2 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Henning+M&cauthor_id=38948085" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Margaret Henning">Margaret Henning</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Health Sciences, Keene State College, Keene, NH, United States." href="#short-view-affiliation-3" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 3 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Qian+Z&cauthor_id=38948085" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Zhengmin Qian">Zhengmin Qian</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States." href="#short-view-affiliation-4" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 4 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Ahaus+K&cauthor_id=38948085" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Kees Ahaus">Kees Ahaus</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Health Services Management & Organization, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands." href="#short-view-affiliation-5" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 5 </a></sup><span class="comma">, </span></span><span class="authors-list-item "><a class="full-name" href="/?term=Reindersma+T&cauthor_id=38948085" ref="linksrc=author_name_link" data-ga-category="search" data-ga-action="author_link" data-ga-label="Thomas Reindersma">Thomas Reindersma</a><sup class="affiliation-links"><span class="author-sup-separator"> </span><a class="affiliation-link" title="Health Services Management & Organization, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands." href="#short-view-affiliation-5" ref="linksrc=author_aff"> 5 </a></sup></span> </div> </div> <div class="affiliations"> <h3 class="title"> Affiliations </h3> <ul class="item-list"> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-1" id="short-view-affiliation-1" ><sup class="key">1</sup> Health Services Administration, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-2" id="short-view-affiliation-2" ><sup class="key">2</sup> Public Health, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-3" id="short-view-affiliation-3" ><sup class="key">3</sup> Health Sciences, Keene State College, Keene, NH, United States.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-4" id="short-view-affiliation-4" ><sup class="key">4</sup> Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Saint Louis University, St. Louis, MO, United States.</li> <li data-affiliation-id="short-view-affiliation-5" id="short-view-affiliation-5" ><sup class="key">5</sup> Health Services Management & Organization, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands.</li> </ul> </div> </div> <ul class="identifiers" id="short-view-identifiers"> <li> <span class="identifier pubmed"> <span class="id-label"> PMID: </span> <strong class="current-id" title="PubMed ID">38948085</strong> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier pmc"> <span class="id-label"> PMCID: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=PMC11211624&id_type=PMC" href="https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11211624/" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="PMCID" > PMC11211624 </a> </span> </li> <li> <span class="identifier doi"> <span class="id-label"> DOI: </span> <a class="id-link" target="_blank" rel="noopener" ref="linksrc=article_id_link&article_id=10.3389/frhs.2024.1235913&id_type=DOI" href="https://doi.org/10.3389/frhs.2024.1235913" data-ga-category="full_text" data-ga-action="DOI" > 10.3389/frhs.2024.1235913 </a> </span> </li> </ul> <div class="in-clipboard-label " hidden> Item in Clipboard </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="actions-buttons inline"><div class="inner-wrap"><button class="full-text-links-button full-text-links-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with full text links" ref="linksrc=full_text_links"> Full text links </button><button class="citation-button citation-dialog-trigger" aria-label="Open dialog with citation text in different styles" data-ga-category="save_share" data-ga-action="cite" data-ga-label="open" data-all-citations-url="/38948085/citations/" data-citation-style="nlm" data-pubmed-format-link="/38948085/export/"><span class="button-label">Cite</span></button><button class="more-actions-button more-actions-dialog-trigger" title="Open dialog with more actions to take" ref="linksrc=more_actions_btn"></button><div class="display-options" data-format-key="format" data-default-format-value="abstract" data-current-format-value="abstract" role="region"><button class="trigger usa-button" title="Change format" data-ga-category="display_options" data-ga-action="display_options_dialog"><span class="button-label">Display options</span></button><div class="dropdown" hidden><div class="title"> Display options </div><div class="content"><div class="format-container"><span class="option-label"> Format </span><select name="format" data-initial-value="abstract" aria-label="Display format" id="inline-actions-display-format"><option value="abstract">Abstract</option><option value="pubmed">PubMed</option><option value="pmid">PMID</option></select></div></div></div></div></div></div> <div class="abstract" id="abstract"> <h2 class="title"> Abstract </h2> <div class="abstract-content selected" id="eng-abstract"> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Introduction: </strong> Global interest is growing in new value-based models of financing, delivering, and paying for health care services that could produce higher-quality and lower cost outcomes for patients and for society. However, research indicates evidence gaps in knowledge related to alternative payment models (APMs) in early experimentation phases or those contracted between private insurers and their health care provider-partners. The aim of this research was to understand and update the literature related to learning how industry experts design and implement APMs, including specific elements of their models and their choice of stakeholders to be involved in the design and contractual details. </p> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Methods: </strong> A literature review was conducted to guide the research focus and to select themes. The sample was selected using snowball sampling to identify subject matter experts (SMEs). Researchers conducted 16 semi-structured interviews with SMEs in the US, the Netherlands, and Germany in September and October 2021. Interviews were transcribed and using Braun and Clarke's six-phase approach to thematic analysis, researchers independently read, reviewed, and coded participants' responses related to APM design and implementation and subsequently reviewed each other's codes and themes for consistency. </p> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Results: </strong> Participants represented diverse perspectives of the payer, provider, consulting, and government areas of the health care sector. We found design considerations had five overarching themes: (1) population and scope of care and services, (2) benchmarking, metrics, data, and technology; (3) finance, APM type, risk adjustment, incentives, and influencing provider behavior, (4) provider partnerships and the role of physicians, and (5) leadership and regulatory issues. </p> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Discussion: </strong> This study confirmed several of the core components of APM model designs and implementations found in the literature and brought insights on additional aspects not previously emphasized, particularly the role of physicians (especially in leadership) and practice transformation/care processes necessary for providers to thrive under APM models. Importantly, researchers found significant concerns relevant for policymakers about regulations relating to health data sharing, rigid price-setting, and inter-organizational data communication that greatly inhibit the ability to experiment with APMs and those models' abilities to succeed long-term. </p> </div> <p> <strong class="sub-title"> Keywords: </strong> alternative payment model; care coordination and care management; health care cost and utilization; health care innovation; health care transform; health outcomes; quality improvement; value based care. </p> </div> <p class="copyright" id="copyright"> © 2024 Howard, Bradford, Belue, Henning, Qian, Ahaus and Reindersma. </p> <p class="disclaimer" id="disclaimer"> <a href="/disclaimer/" target="_blank" ga_category="literature_resources" ga_action="disclaimer_link" ga_label="under_abstract">PubMed Disclaimer</a> </p> <div class="conflict-of-interest" id="conflict-of-interest"> <h2 class="title"> Conflict of interest statement </h2> <div class="statement"> <p xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:p1="http://pubmed.gov/pub-one">The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.</p> </div> </div> <div class="similar-articles" id="similar"> <h2 class="title"> Similar articles </h2> <ul class="articles-list" id="similar-articles-list"> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/27606392/" ref="article_id=27606392&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=1" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="27606392" data-ga-label=""> Evidence Brief: The Quality of Care Provided by Advanced Practice Nurses [Internet]. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">McCleery E, Christensen V, Peterson K, Humphrey L, Helfand M.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">McCleery E, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Washington (DC): Department of Veterans Affairs (US); 2014 Sep.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation short-journal-citation">Washington (DC): Department of Veterans Affairs (US); 2014 Sep.</span> <span class="citation-part">PMID: <span class="docsum-pmid">27606392</span></span> <span class="free-resources spaced-citation-item citation-part">Free Books & Documents.</span> <span class="publication-type spaced-citation-item citation-part">Review.</span> </div> </div> </li> <li class="full-docsum"> <div class="docsum-content" style="display:inline;"> <a class="docsum-title" href="/35060645/" ref="article_id=35060645&linksrc=similar_articles_link&ordinalpos=2" data-ga-category="similar_article" data-ga-action="35060645" data-ga-label=""> Alternative payment models for durable and potentially curative therapies: The case of gene therapy for haemophilia A. </a> <div class="docsum-citation full-citation"> <span class="docsum-authors full-authors">Goodman C, Berntorp E, Wong O; International Haemophilia Access Strategy Council.</span> <span class="docsum-authors short-authors">Goodman C, et al.</span> <span class="docsum-journal-citation full-journal-citation">Haemophilia. 2022 Mar;28 Suppl 2:27-34. doi: 10.1111/hae.14425. 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